CN105453979A - Processing method of big trees before transplantation and capable of increasing survival rate - Google Patents
Processing method of big trees before transplantation and capable of increasing survival rate Download PDFInfo
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- CN105453979A CN105453979A CN201510888209.0A CN201510888209A CN105453979A CN 105453979 A CN105453979 A CN 105453979A CN 201510888209 A CN201510888209 A CN 201510888209A CN 105453979 A CN105453979 A CN 105453979A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G23/00—Forestry
- A01G23/02—Transplanting, uprooting, felling or delimbing trees
- A01G23/04—Transplanting trees; Devices for grasping the root ball, e.g. stump forceps; Wrappings or packages for transporting trees
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
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- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a processing method of big trees before transplantation and capable of increasing the survival rate. Aiming at some aspects of tree species selection, tree body selection, transplantation land selection, root-cutting processing and pruning processing before transplantation, a processing method of big trees before transplantation is systematically provided to promote the increase of absorbing roots of trees before transplantation, and therefore the survival rate and the seedling growth quality of the big trees after transplantation are improved, appropriate transplantation time and tree species with a high survival rate are prerequisites to big tree survival, by employing an appropriate root-cutting processing method, the increase of the absorbing roots of the trees is promoted, the quality of the roots when the trees are transplanted and excavated is guaranteed, by employing an appropriate pruning processing method, on the premise that the trees grow healthily, the nutrition supply burden of the roots is reduced, and the survival rate of the big trees after transplantation is increased.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the culture technique of trees, especially relate to a kind of transplanting big tree pre-treating method improving survival rate.
Background technology
In urban landscaping, transplanting big tree transplants the existing necessity that it exists, also there is the high unfavorable factor of cost and risk simultaneously, transplanting big tree is the needs of old greenery patches adjustment planting tree density, in urban afforestation, in order to the landscape effect making Green Space Construction reach design again in the short period, the problem that ubiquity initial seeding density is relatively large, after view a period of time, slightly grow tall along with trees increase, the continuation that original space can not meet tree crown is grown, for striving for vying each other in growing space between trees, both tree vigo(u)r was affected, more affect tree-like, make green landscape Quality Down, therefore need to adjust timely plant spacing, often to carry out the transplanting of large tree.
But transplanting big tree usually also exists costly and survives the problem of difficulty, how to improve its survival rate thus avoid useless economic input must inquire into reduce transplanting value at cost.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention: there is various problem in existing transplanting big tree process cause survival rate very low and the transplanting big tree pre-treating method of the ropy raising survival rate of arboreal growth to solve in prior art.
Technical scheme: to achieve these objectives, the present invention takes following technical scheme: a kind of transplanting big tree pre-treating method improving survival rate, improves in following plantation step:
A () seeds and tree body are selected: select life cycle long and the seeds more easily survived, and tree body selects the age gently to strengthen, and are in the trees of between twenty and fifty phase, and slow raw choice of tree species 25-30 is raw, and the quick growing species of trees selects 15-20 raw, and mesophilous tree species selects 20-25 raw;
B () is transplanted ground and is selected: transplant ground and formerly to select nearby with planting, transplant selection physical features smooth or in easy flights, environmental condition to former plant similar; Transplanting time selects early spring;
Cutting lateral root before (c) transplanting: the autumn of transplanting first 3 years, centered by trunk, be of a size of half jin with the 3-4 times of diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground and draw circle, the ditch of wide 30-50cm is dug outside relative 3 sections of directions, ditch depth 50-70cm, run into thicker root instrument during excavation to cut off, otch flushes with ditch inwall, otch is coated with growth hormone mixed liquor; In ditch, be spilled into growth hormone mixed liquor after excavation all soak to ditch wall surface; In ditch, insert the mixture of mixed fertilizer and soil next day, wherein the mass ratio of mixed fertilizer and soil is 1:3; Fill up rear compacting soil, water once immediately, water once every 20d afterwards, in case of rainfall can postpone; Autumn next year, centered by trunk, be of a size of half jin with the 3-4 times of diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground and draw circle, relative 2 sections of direction ditchings, all the other repeat the operation of a year, transplant autumn the previous year, centered by trunk, be of a size of half jin with the 3-4 times of diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground and draw circle, relative 1 section of direction ditching, all the other repeat the operation of First Year;
Pruning modes before (d) transplanting: the branches and leaves of the large tree 30-60% that prunes away before transplanting.
More preferred, in described (a), seeds are selected from Populus, Salix, Elm, Tilia, plain Pterostyrax, palm, Chinese scholartree.
More preferred, in described (a), the diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground of tree body is selected to transplant the best when 10-15cm.
More preferred, in described (c), growth hormone mixed liquor comprises methyl α-naphthyl acetate 5-10 part, heteroauxin 3-5 part, hydrogen peroxide 1-3 part, ammonium molybdate 1-3 part, deionized water 3-5 part in mass.
More preferred, in described (c), mixed fertilizer comprises nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer 10-20 part, micro-2-5 part, husk 5-10 part, quicklime 3-5 part, bentonite 5-8 part in mass.
More preferred, in described nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer, the mass ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium is 1:1:3.
More preferred, containing nickel, cobalt, zinc, molybdenum, copper in described trace element.
More preferred, the mass ratio of described nickel, cobalt, zinc, molybdenum, copper is 1:1:4:2:3.
More preferred, preferred water sprout, intersection branch, sick branch, withered weak branch and overstocked branch when pruning in described (d).
Beneficial effect: a kind of transplanting big tree pre-treating method improving survival rate provided by the invention, from choice of tree species, tree body is selected, transplant the selection on ground, cutting lateral root before transplanting and the several aspect of pruning modes are set about, system propose a set of transplanting big tree before processing method absorb the hyperplasia of root system with trees before promoting to transplant, thus survival rate after raising transplanting big tree and seedling growth quality, suitable transplanting time and the seeds easily survived set greatly the prerequisite survived, suitable cutting lateral root method facilitates the hyperplasia that trees absorb root system, ensure the quality of transplanting root system when excavating, just right pruning modes reduces the keeping burden of root system under can ensureing the prerequisite that Health of Tree is grown up again, to improve the survival rate after transplanting big tree.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1:
Test in proving ground, Jurong City of Jiangsu Province:
(1) select 20 years growing poplar woodss, the diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground selecting tree body is that the willow of 10-15cm is transplanted, and transplants ground and selects nearby with planting with former, select smooth, face south, breezy plantation; Transplanting time selects early spring;
(2) cutting lateral root before transplanting: the autumn of transplanting first 3 years, centered by trunk, be of a size of half jin with the 3-4 times of diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground and draw circle, the ditch of wide 30cm is dug outside relative 3 sections of directions, ditch depth 50cm, run into thicker root instrument during excavation to cut off, otch flushes with ditch inwall, otch is coated with growth hormone mixed liquor; In ditch, be spilled into growth hormone mixed liquor after excavation all soak to ditch wall surface; In ditch, insert the mixture of mixed fertilizer and soil next day, wherein the mass ratio of mixed fertilizer and soil is 1:3; Fill up rear compacting soil, water once immediately, water once every 20d afterwards, in case of rainfall can postpone; Autumn next year, centered by trunk, be of a size of half jin with the 3-4 times of diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground and draw circle, relative 2 sections of direction ditchings, all the other repeat the operation of a year, transplant autumn the previous year, centered by trunk, be of a size of half jin with the 3-4 times of diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground and draw circle, relative 1 section of direction ditching, all the other repeat the operation of First Year;
(3) pruning modes before transplanting: the branches and leaves of the large tree 30-60% that prunes away before transplanting, preferred water sprout, intersection branch, sick branch, withered weak branch and overstocked branch during pruning.
(4) remaining transplant step is identical with the transplant step of the large tree of tradition.
Wherein, in step (2), growth hormone mixed liquor comprises methyl α-naphthyl acetate 5 parts, heteroauxin 3 parts, 1 part, hydrogen peroxide, ammonium molybdate 1 part, deionized water 3 parts in mass; Mixed fertilizer comprises nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer 10 parts, trace element 2 parts, 5 parts, husk, quicklime 3 parts, bentonite 5 parts in mass, and in wherein said nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer, the mass ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium is 1:1:3; Be nickel, cobalt, zinc, molybdenum, the copper of 1:1:4:2:3 containing mass ratio in described trace element.
Result of the test: the more traditional transplanting method of survival rate that willow is transplanted adds 10-20 percentage point.
Embodiment 2:
Test in proving ground, Qingdao of Shandong province:
(1) select 20 years raw palm woods, the diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground selecting tree body is that the palm of 10-15cm is transplanted, and transplants ground and selects nearby with planting with former, select smooth, face south, breezy plantation; Transplanting time selects early spring;
(2) cutting lateral root before transplanting: the autumn of transplanting first 3 years, centered by trunk, be of a size of half jin with the 3-4 times of diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground and draw circle, the ditch of wide 50cm is dug outside relative 3 sections of directions, ditch depth 70cm, run into thicker root instrument during excavation to cut off, otch flushes with ditch inwall, otch is coated with growth hormone mixed liquor; In ditch, be spilled into growth hormone mixed liquor after excavation all soak to ditch wall surface; In ditch, insert the mixture of mixed fertilizer and soil next day, wherein the mass ratio of mixed fertilizer and soil is 1:3; Fill up rear compacting soil, water once immediately, water once every 20d afterwards, in case of rainfall can postpone; Autumn next year, centered by trunk, be of a size of half jin with the 3-4 times of diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground and draw circle, relative 2 sections of direction ditchings, all the other repeat the operation of a year, transplant autumn the previous year, centered by trunk, be of a size of half jin with the 3-4 times of diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground and draw circle, relative 1 section of direction ditching, all the other repeat the operation of First Year;
(3) pruning modes before transplanting: the branches and leaves of the large tree 30-60% that prunes away before transplanting, preferred water sprout, intersection branch, sick branch, withered weak branch and overstocked branch during pruning.
(4) remaining transplant step is identical with the transplant step of the large tree of tradition.
Wherein, in step (2), growth hormone mixed liquor comprises methyl α-naphthyl acetate 10 parts, heteroauxin 5 parts, 3 parts, hydrogen peroxide, ammonium molybdate 3 parts, deionized water 5 parts in mass; Mixed fertilizer comprises nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer 20 parts, trace element 5 parts, 10 parts, husk, quicklime 5 parts, bentonite 8 parts in mass, and in wherein said nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer, the mass ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium is 1:1:3; Be nickel, cobalt, zinc, molybdenum, the copper of 1:1:4:2:3 containing mass ratio in described trace element.
Result of the test: the more traditional transplanting method of survival rate that palm is transplanted adds 15-20 percentage point.
Embodiment 3:
Test in proving ground, Xi'an City, Shanxi Province:
(1) select 30 years raw Yushulins, the diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground selecting tree body is that the elm of 10-15cm is transplanted, and transplants ground and selects nearby with planting with former, select smooth, face south, breezy plantation; Transplanting time selects early spring;
(2) cutting lateral root before transplanting: the autumn of transplanting first 3 years, centered by trunk, be of a size of half jin with the 3-4 times of diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground and draw circle, the ditch of wide 40cm is dug outside relative 3 sections of directions, ditch depth 60cm, run into thicker root instrument during excavation to cut off, otch flushes with ditch inwall, otch is coated with growth hormone mixed liquor; In ditch, be spilled into growth hormone mixed liquor after excavation all soak to ditch wall surface; In ditch, insert the mixture of mixed fertilizer and soil next day, wherein the mass ratio of mixed fertilizer and soil is 1:3; Fill up rear compacting soil, water once immediately, water once every 20d afterwards, in case of rainfall can postpone; Autumn next year, centered by trunk, be of a size of half jin with the 3-4 times of diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground and draw circle, relative 2 sections of direction ditchings, all the other repeat the operation of a year, transplant autumn the previous year, centered by trunk, be of a size of half jin with the 3-4 times of diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground and draw circle, relative 1 section of direction ditching, all the other repeat the operation of First Year;
(3) pruning modes before transplanting: the branches and leaves of the large tree 30-60% that prunes away before transplanting, preferred water sprout, intersection branch, sick branch, withered weak branch and overstocked branch during pruning.
(4) remaining transplant step is identical with the transplant step of the large tree of tradition.
Wherein, in step (2), growth hormone mixed liquor comprises methyl α-naphthyl acetate 8 parts, heteroauxin 4 parts, 2 parts, hydrogen peroxide, ammonium molybdate 2 parts, deionized water 4 parts in mass; Mixed fertilizer comprises nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer 15 parts, trace element 4 parts, 7 parts, husk, quicklime 4 parts, bentonite 6 parts in mass, and in wherein said nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer, the mass ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium is 1:1:3; Be nickel, cobalt, zinc, molybdenum, the copper of 1:1:4:2:3 containing mass ratio in described trace element.
Result of the test: the more traditional transplanting method of survival rate that elm is transplanted adds 15-25 percentage point.
Can find out from the result of the test of above-described embodiment, a kind of transplanting big tree pre-treating method improving survival rate provided by the invention, system propose a set of transplanting big tree before processing method absorb the hyperplasia of root system with trees before promoting to transplant, thus survival rate after raising transplanting big tree and seedling growth quality, suitable transplanting time and the seeds easily survived set greatly the prerequisite survived, suitable cutting lateral root method facilitates the hyperplasia that trees absorb root system, ensure the quality of transplanting root system when excavating, just right pruning modes reduces the keeping burden of root system under can ensureing the prerequisite that Health of Tree is grown up again, effectively raise the survival rate after transplanting big tree, at middle part, the northwestward, northern several area all obtains good effect.
It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention, can also make some improvement, these improvement also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. improve a transplanting big tree pre-treating method for survival rate, it is characterized in that improving in following plantation step:
A () seeds and tree body are selected: select life cycle long and the seeds more easily survived, and tree body selects the age gently to strengthen, and are in the trees of between twenty and fifty phase, and slow raw choice of tree species 25-30 is raw, and the quick growing species of trees selects 15-20 raw, and mesophilous tree species selects 20-25 raw;
B () is transplanted ground and is selected: transplant ground and formerly to select nearby with planting, transplant selection physical features smooth or in easy flights, environmental condition to former plant similar; Transplanting time selects early spring;
Cutting lateral root before (c) transplanting: the autumn of transplanting first 3 years, centered by trunk, be of a size of half jin with the 3-4 times of diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground and draw circle, the ditch of wide 30-50cm is dug outside relative 3 sections of directions, ditch depth 50-70cm, run into thicker root instrument during excavation to cut off, otch flushes with ditch inwall, otch is coated with growth hormone mixed liquor; In ditch, be spilled into growth hormone mixed liquor after excavation all soak to ditch wall surface; In ditch, insert the mixture of mixed fertilizer and soil next day, wherein the mass ratio of mixed fertilizer and soil is 1:3; Fill up rear compacting soil, water once immediately, water once every 20d afterwards, in case of rainfall can postpone; Autumn next year, centered by trunk, be of a size of half jin with the 3-4 times of diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground and draw circle, relative 2 sections of direction ditchings, all the other repeat the operation of a year, transplant autumn the previous year, centered by trunk, be of a size of half jin with the 3-4 times of diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground and draw circle, relative 1 section of direction ditching, all the other repeat the operation of First Year;
Pruning modes before (d) transplanting: the branches and leaves of the large tree 30-60% that prunes away before transplanting.
2. the transplanting big tree pre-treating method of raising survival rate according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in described (a), seeds are selected from Populus, Salix, Elm, Tilia, plain Pterostyrax, palm, Chinese scholartree.
3. the transplanting big tree pre-treating method of raising survival rate according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in described (a), the diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground of tree body is selected to transplant the best when 10-15cm.
4. the transplanting big tree pre-treating method of raising survival rate according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in described (c), growth hormone mixed liquor comprises methyl α-naphthyl acetate 5-10 part, heteroauxin 3-5 part, hydrogen peroxide 1-3 part, ammonium molybdate 1-3 part, deionized water 3-5 part in mass.
5. the transplanting big tree pre-treating method of raising survival rate according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in described (c), mixed fertilizer comprises nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer 10-20 part, micro-2-5 part, husk 5-10 part, quicklime 3-5 part, bentonite 5-8 part in mass.
6. the transplanting big tree pre-treating method of raising survival rate according to claim 5, is characterized in that: in described nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer, the mass ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium is 1:1:3.
7. the transplanting big tree pre-treating method of raising survival rate according to claim 5, is characterized in that: containing nickel, cobalt, zinc, molybdenum, copper in described trace element.
8. the transplanting big tree pre-treating method of raising survival rate according to claim 7, is characterized in that: the mass ratio of described nickel, cobalt, zinc, molybdenum, copper is 1:1:4:2:3.
9. the transplanting big tree pre-treating method of raising survival rate according to claim 1, is characterized in that: preferred water sprout, intersection branch, sick branch, withered weak branch and overstocked branch when pruning in described (d).
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Cited By (2)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106234135A (en) * | 2016-08-12 | 2016-12-21 | 李朝 | A kind of method for transplanting of willow |
| CN109804763A (en) * | 2019-03-01 | 2019-05-28 | 广西生态工程职业技术学院 | A kind of oil tea fertilizing method |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106234135A (en) * | 2016-08-12 | 2016-12-21 | 李朝 | A kind of method for transplanting of willow |
| CN109804763A (en) * | 2019-03-01 | 2019-05-28 | 广西生态工程职业技术学院 | A kind of oil tea fertilizing method |
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