CN101611681A - The propagation method of using single-bud short tamarix to cut containerized seedlings - Google Patents
The propagation method of using single-bud short tamarix to cut containerized seedlings Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to the propagation method of using single-bud short tamarix to cut containerized seedlings, the main operational steps of this method is: the work of at first build cool canopy, preparing cuttage container, cutting medium and container cutting propagation bed, and then carry out cottage propagation and operate, choose the branch of the peripheral middle and upper part of strong choiceness tree crown in age to make plugged ear, carry out cuttage in spring, summer or autumn, before go out the garden, carry out weeding, apply fertilizer, preserve moisture and the work of the extermination of disease and insect pest behind the cuttage rooting.The cultivation period of propagation method of the present invention is short, generally only needs 10～12 months, and simple to operate, and the reproduction coefficient height expands numerous soon, transplants effectively, can also effectively reduce the cottage propagation material deterioration inside, the comprehensive benefit of raising oil tea breeding industrialization development.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the propagation method of the propagation method of a kind of forest, particularly a kind of using single-bud short tamarix to cut containerized seedlings.
Background technology
Oil tea is the distinctive woody edible oil materials seeds of China.Because the oil tea cultivation is away from municipal pollution, so the tea oil that squeezes with seed is good natural green food, be that fatty acid is formed the most rational edible oil in the present edible oil and fat, the long-term edible bad cholesterol that can reduce in the serum, the effect of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases such as prevention and treatment atherosclerotic, coronary heart disease, hypertension is arranged, and is that multiple efficacies such as a kind of Jian is complete, high-quality, health care are in the table oil of one.Along with the flourish of camellia oleiferaindustry and the continuous growth of cultivation oil tea raw material forest base to oil tea high quality seedling demand, supply falls short of demand for the breeding nursery stock, very in short supply.Therefore, seeking the breakthrough of multiple raising technology, is the important measures that solve the serious gap problem of current oil tea seedling.Cottage propagation is one of asexual fast numerous main method of oil tea, and is the most simple method, can breed out a large amount of breeding seedling supply production between than short-term, thereby be widely adopted.But the normal cutting propagation method reproduction coefficient that China uses till today always is low, it is numerous slow to expand, and transplants weak effect.These problems have seriously restricted fast numerous scale and the quality of oil tea breeding, cause to satisfy the demand of camellia oleiferaindustry development to good seed.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention provides the propagation method that a kind of cultivation period is short, consumptive material reaches the high using single-bud short tamarix to cut containerized seedlings of reproduction coefficient less.
The present invention solves the problems of the technologies described above with following technical scheme: the propagation method of using single-bud short tamarix to cut containerized seedlings of the present invention is to operate according to the following steps:
(1) cuttage is prepared, and concrete operations are as follows:
1. build cool canopy: put up cool canopy before the cuttage and seedling culture in order to shading;
2. cuttage container: select porose plastic film container or the material mesh bag container in bottom;
3. cutting medium: with clean fresh yellow soil or with fresh river sand with put into container as cutting medium after clean fresh yellow soil mixes.
4. container cutting propagation bed: make bed in green house or in the booth of putting up.
(2) cottage propagation, concrete operations are as follows:
1. cutting time: carry out cuttage in spring, summer or autumn;
2. plugged ear is chosen and handled: choose the branch of the peripheral middle and upper part of strong choiceness tree crown in age to make plugged ear, the fringe bar under adopting is wanted sun-proof preserving moisture;
3. cuttage: plugged ear is sheared the short fringe of growth 1.5cm～2cm, and each cutting contains 1 bud-leaf, and base portion is cut into the inclined-plane, inserts in the matrix that disinfects after the cutting that shears is handled with plant growth regulator after sterile-processed again;
4. manage after the cuttage: before go out the garden, carry out weeding, apply fertilizer, preserve moisture and the work of the extermination of disease and insect pest behind the cuttage rooting.
Described in the cuttage preparation process, when adopting fresh river sand to mix as cutting medium, be: fresh river sand 10%～50%, clean fresh yellow soil 50%～90% by following mass percent mixed preparing with clean fresh yellow soil.
When described plugged ear of carrying out in the cottage propagation step is chosen and is handled, the cuttage in spring is chosen the branch of half a year～1 year life as plugged ear, summer and cuttage in autumn choose then semi-lignified to the lignification spring tip or summer shoot as plugged ear, the fringe bar requires sturdy perfectly straight, sound full, the anosis worm of blade of axillalry bud.
When managing after the described cuttage in carrying out the cottage propagation step, when behind the cuttage rooting before go out the garden, loosen the soil in conjunction with weeding, begin to topdress, topdress sooner or later carrying out, once executed become thoroughly decomposed bran cake liquid manure or chemical fertilizer in per 10 days～15 days, be mixed with 0.2%～0.5% the aqueous solution in the time of to fertilize and use, will in time use flushing with clean water seedling blade face after topdressing at every turn.
When managing after the described cuttage in carrying out the cottage propagation step, the extermination of disease and insect pest in seedling stage be per 15 days with the control of spraying of 1000 times～2000 times liquid of trichlorphon original powder and 1000 times～1200 times liquid of 72% tpn wetting powder, add 0.1%～0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate or humic acid liquid simultaneously and carry out foliage spray.
The cultivation period of propagation method of the present invention is short, generally only need 10～12 months, and it is simple to operate, can also solve preferably oil tea normal cutting propagation method reproduction coefficient low, expand numerous slow, transplant problems such as weak effect, can also effectively reduce the cottage propagation material deterioration inside, improve the comprehensive benefit of oil tea breeding industrialization development.
Embodiment
What propagation method of the present invention adopted is the single node cutting cultivation of container seedling technology of a bud one leaf.Because plugged ear is short, it is few therefore to breed consumptive material, can effectively improve reproduction coefficient and reduces cost, and be directly to carry out container cutting propagation, so the seedling quality height, cultivation period is short.
Below the concrete operations step of propagation method of the present invention is done detailed explanation:
1, cuttage is prepared
(1) cool canopy is built: if not cuttage in green house will be put up cool canopy in order to shading before the cuttage and seedling culture.The high general 2.8m～3.0m of canopy, shade density 70%～80%, specifically according to adjusting in season and weather condition, torridity summer and arid dry season are high, and spring, plum rain season can suitably be opened shade net.
(2) cuttage container: select porose plastic film container or the material mesh bag container in bottom.It is that the non-toxic plastic film processing and fabricating of 0.02mm～0.06mm forms that plastic film container is generally selected thickness for use, specification 8cm * 12cm～9cm * 14cm, it is the aperture of 0.4cm～0.6cm that 6～12 diameters need be made a call in the bottom, and aperture pitch is 2cm～3cm, also can cut off the base angle, both sides again; Carry out the light ground mass cuttage and seedling culture and can select material mesh bag container.
(3) cutting medium: get clean fresh true yellow cubsoil and put into container and make cutting medium, also fresh river sand and clean fresh yellow soil can be mixed the back as cutting medium by following mass percent proportioning: river sand 10%～50%, yellow soil 50%～90%.
(4) container cutting propagation bed: if in green house, make bed, the high 30cm of edge of bed, wide 100cm fills out with clean fresh river sand or other matrix shop in the long 80cm～100cm, slotting machine, and about thickness 20cm, the container that will fill cutting medium is then put wherein; When in the booth of temporarily putting up, making bed, seedbed height of bed 10cm, bedside 60cm～80cm, bed is long decides the wide 40cm of pavement according to landform.
2, cottage propagation
(1) cutting time:,, select the suitable time to carry out cuttage in conjunction with the biological property of oil tea according to the concrete climatic characteristic of different regions.The cutting time of propagation method of the present invention generally adopts spring, summer or autumn to carry out.
(2) plugged ear is chosen and is handled: the peripheral middle and upper part of strong choiceness tree crown in age branch during plugged ear is selected from.The cuttage in spring is chosen half a year～1 year and is given birth to branch, and summer or cuttage in autumn are chosen then lignification spring, summer shoot and made plugged ear, the fringe bar require sturdy perfectly straight, axillalry bud sound full, blade is complete.Fringe bar under adopting is wanted sun-proof preserving moisture, if need way far away transportation, wraps up base portion with absorbent cotton, soaks in the rearmounted moisture-keeping container, puts shady and cool place during transportation and preserves, and prevents the extruding of fringe bar, heating.
(3) cuttage: carry out at favorable season, plugged ear is sheared short fringe about growth 1.5cm～2cm (the unconspicuous branch section of axillalry bud is not selected for use), each cutting contains 1 bud-leaf, base portion is cut into the inclined-plane, allocate to pasty state with root-growing agent and talcum powder again after the cutting that shears handled with 0.1% potassium permanganate, dip in and insert in the matrix that disinfects after 10 seconds transplanting a cutting base portion speed, insertion depth is that bud and blade are uncovered and are advisable, after inserting slightly compacting fringe week base portion, and water permeablely, guarantee to transplant a cutting closely contacting with matrix, and after spraying with 800～1000 times of bactericide and foliage fertilizer mixing, cover film and preserve moisture, and note shading (degree of shading 75%～85% is advisable); Insert the moistening degree of backsight matrix and determine water spray number of times and time.
(4) manage after the cuttage: when behind the cuttage rooting before go out the garden, loosen the soil in conjunction with weeding, begin to topdress, topdress and should sooner or later carry out, per 10 days～15 days once, to execute the bran cake liquid manure that becomes thoroughly decomposed, if must be mixed with 0.2%～0.5% the aqueous solution to fertilize the time uses, the concentration of applying fertilizer early stage is rare, and later stage concentration is dense slightly, will in time use flushing with clean water seedling blade face after topdressing at every turn.
Seedling stage attention control oil tea root rot, leaf soft rot and anthracnose and all kinds of oil tea insect, per about 15 days with the control of spraying of 1000 times～2000 times liquid of trichlorphon original powder and 1000 times～1200 times liquid of 72% tpn wetting powder, can add 0.1%～0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate or humic acid liquid simultaneously and carry out foliage spray.
Below be that the inventor uses the example that the inventive method is carried out the using single-bud short tamarix to cut containerized seedlings breeding:
Example 1:2006 late May, adopting the Camellia Oleifera Clones through national forest breeding authorization is propagating materials, and plugged ear is the semi-lignified spring tip, is cut into 20000 of the short fringes of a bud one leaf, carries out cuttage after the root-growing agent processing.Container is the white non-toxic plastic film bag of 8cm * 12cm, and cutting medium is to be mixed by following mass percent preparation by fresh river sand and clean fresh yellow soil: river sand 20%, yellow soil 80%, cool canopy degree of shading 75%.Worked the condition survey of taking root in 20 days after the cuttage, average rootage duration 28 days, average rooting rate reaches 92.4%.
Example 2:2006 September, make cutting medium with clean fresh true yellow cubsoil, be cut into 1.5cm～2cm and contain the short fringe of 1 bud, 1 leaf with the clonal lignification then of good oil tea summer shoot, with the cutting that shears with 0.1% potassium permanganate sterilizing after root-inducing promoter (100mg/L NAA+300mg/LABT6# root-inducing powder) is handled the back cuttage, insertion depth is not for covering bud and blade is as the criterion, after inserting slightly compacting fringe week base portion, and water permeablely, guarantee to transplant a cutting closely contacting with matrix; Cool canopy degree of shading is 80%, several 1500 strains of cuttage strain, and containers size is with example 1.Management during surviving to taking root after the cuttage mainly be pay attention to preserving moisture, foliage spray and disease control.In June, 2007 investigation, survival rate 93.6%, outplanting rate 85.3%.
Claims (5)
1. the propagation method of using single-bud short tamarix to cut containerized seedlings is characterized in that its operating procedure is as follows:
(1) cuttage is prepared, and concrete operations are as follows:
1. build cool canopy: put up cool canopy before the cuttage and seedling culture in order to shading;
2. cuttage container: select porose plastic film container or the material mesh bag container in bottom;
3. cutting medium: with clean fresh yellow soil or with fresh river sand with put into container after clean fresh yellow soil mixes.
4. container cutting propagation bed: make bed in green house or in the booth of putting up.
(2) cottage propagation, concrete operations are as follows:
1. cutting time: carry out cuttage in spring, summer or autumn;
2. plugged ear is chosen and handled: choose the branch of the peripheral middle and upper part of strong choiceness tree crown in age to make plugged ear, the fringe bar under adopting is wanted sun-proof preserving moisture;
3. cuttage: plugged ear is sheared the short fringe of growth 1.5cm～2cm, and each cutting contains 1 bud-leaf, and base portion is cut into the inclined-plane, inserts in the matrix that disinfects after the cutting that shears is handled with plant growth regulator after sterile-processed again;
4. manage after the cuttage: before go out the garden, carry out weeding, apply fertilizer, preserve moisture and the work of the extermination of disease and insect pest behind the cuttage rooting.
2. the propagation method of using single-bud short tamarix to cut containerized seedlings according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in the cuttage preparation process, when adopting fresh river sand to mix as cutting medium, be: fresh river sand 10%～50%, clean fresh yellow soil 50%～90% by following mass percent mixed preparing with clean fresh yellow soil.
3. the propagation method of using single-bud short tamarix to cut containerized seedlings according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: when the plugged ear of carrying out in the cottage propagation step is chosen and handled, half a year～1 year living branch is chosen in the cuttage in spring, summer and cuttage in autumn choose then semi-lignified to lignification spring, summer shoot as plugged ear, the fringe bar requires sturdy perfectly straight, sound full, the anosis worm of blade of axillalry bud.
4. the propagation method of using single-bud short tamarix to cut containerized seedlings according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: when managing after the cuttage in carrying out the cottage propagation step, when behind the cuttage rooting before go out the garden, loosen the soil in conjunction with weeding, begin to topdress, topdress and sooner or later carrying out, per 10 days～15 days once, execute become thoroughly decomposed bran cake liquid manure or chemical fertilizer, be mixed with 0.2%～0.5% the aqueous solution in the time of to fertilize and use, will in time use flushing with clean water seedling blade face after topdressing at every turn.
5. the propagation method of using single-bud short tamarix to cut containerized seedlings according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: when managing after the cuttage in carrying out the cottage propagation step, the extermination of disease and insect pest in seedling stage be per 15 days with the control of spraying of 1000 times～2000 times liquid of trichlorphon original powder and 1000 times～1200 times liquid of 72% tpn wetting powder, add 0.1%～0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate or humic acid liquid simultaneously and carry out foliage spray.
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| CN102204489A (en) * | 2011-05-25 | 2011-10-05 | 广西壮族自治区林业科学研究院 | Method for culturing teak seedlings by spike culture and rapid propagation in container |
| CN102301883A (en) * | 2011-07-13 | 2012-01-04 | 广西壮族自治区林业科学研究院 | Cuttage rapid-propagation seedling culture method for elevated sand bed camphora wood cutting orchard tissue culture seedling twigs |
| CN102550378A (en) * | 2011-12-28 | 2012-07-11 | 湖北省林业科学研究院 | Medium formula of light medium seedling for Camellia oleifera Abel. |
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| CN103548517A (en) * | 2013-10-23 | 2014-02-05 | 普定县朵贝重华茶业有限责任公司 | Short sprout cutting seedling culturing method of organic tea plant |
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| CN105052655A (en) * | 2015-08-01 | 2015-11-18 | 孝昌县茂盛苗木种植专业合作社 | Camellia oleifera Abel planting method |
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| CN108781812A (en) * | 2018-06-22 | 2018-11-13 | 海南省农业科学院热带园艺研究所 | A kind of oil tea quickly rich root seedling cuttage and seedling culture method, seedling medium, root-growing agent |
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| CN104429538A (en) * | 2014-12-11 | 2015-03-25 | 广西壮族自治区林业科学研究院 | Method for quickly breeding oil-tea camellia in warming cuttage manner in winters |
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| CN109691312A (en) * | 2019-01-15 | 2019-04-30 | 丽水市农业科学研究院 | A kind of rare tea tree single plant resource grafting plus cuttage fast breeding method |
| CN113179833A (en) * | 2021-04-02 | 2021-07-30 | 贵州省生物研究所 | Method for efficient cuttage breeding of camellia oleifera seedlings in high-altitude areas |
| CN117099579A (en) * | 2023-10-25 | 2023-11-24 | 四川省畜牧科学研究院 | Batch cutting device and method for grassiness |
| CN117099579B (en) * | 2023-10-25 | 2024-01-09 | 四川省畜牧科学研究院 | Batch cutting device and method for grassiness |
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