CN105230432B - A kind of method that cutting propagation willow is broadcasted sowing using simple bud brachyplast - Google Patents
A kind of method that cutting propagation willow is broadcasted sowing using simple bud brachyplast Download PDFInfo
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- CN105230432B CN105230432B CN201510757028.4A CN201510757028A CN105230432B CN 105230432 B CN105230432 B CN 105230432B CN 201510757028 A CN201510757028 A CN 201510757028A CN 105230432 B CN105230432 B CN 105230432B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of method that cutting propagation willow is broadcasted sowing using simple bud brachyplast.The present invention does cuttings using simple bud brachyplast, can make full use of and breed material, significantly improve breeding coefficient, the neat clone nursery stock of production specification by the use of the withe of nursery stock as propagating materials；By warmhouse booth nursery and apply GGR6 growth regulators raising cuttage survival rate, extend the seedling growth cycle, increase seedling growth amount, improve nursery stock rate, production cost is reduced, is especially suitable for needing the Silvicultural Engineering that seedling amount is larger, higher to nursery stock specification and quality requirement.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to nursery stock Technique on Cuttage Propagation, specially a kind of side that cutting propagation willow is broadcasted sowing using simple bud brachyplast
Method.
Background technology
Willow it is adaptable it is strong, growth is fast, resistance to trimming, the features such as germination is very strong, branch is soft, crown attractive in appearance, extensively
It is general to transplant in river loke shore side, road garden, it is very universal Landscape Trees.
The seedling-raising technique of willow mainly has two kinds, cuttage and seedling culture and seeding and seedling raising, and more conventional with cuttage and seedling culture.
On cuttage technique, it is necessary to carry out cuttings collection and prepare：Generally branch is given birth in rest period seed collecting bar, optional 1-2
Adopted down in autumn, through outdoor sand storage, carry out spring pruning fringe, first removed the part that taper tissue does not enrich, degree of lignification is slightly worse, select one
Determine the branch section of rugosity, be cut into cuttings.Usual willow cuttage is easily survived, and cuttings need not be handled.But if when kind bar gathers
Between it is longer, cuttings has phenomenon of losing water, can first be soaked before cuttage 1-2 days (being preferred with flowing water), and then cuttage, survival rate can carry
It is high.
Cuttage：Using ridge culture to be common, single file or duplicate rows cuttage, cuttage is appropriate to the occasion to be classified cuttage respectively, fringe top by cuttings
Concordant with ground, steady and sure after inserting, conditional ground can pour water immediately, soil is reckoned the actual amount after a discount and is touched with cuttings, be advantageous to survive.
Tending management is also carried out after cuttage：Seeding stage should keep ground moistening, pavement can be discharged water filling between ridge when arid
Irrigate, Seedling Stage wants timely top dressing and tillage and weeding, and pays attention to removing unnecessary coppice shoot, select and remain one it is healthy and strong be trained trunk,
The normal pumping side shoot of newborn axillary bud in Fast-growing stage seedling stem,, should be timely in addition to 3/5ths branch is retained to ensure trunk growth
The axillary bud for bottom seedling stem of erasing by stages.
Cutting propagation is the Main Means that Salix seedlings are bred, but existing cutting propagation mainly utilizes Salix seedlings
Trunk or the limb set greatly as breeding material, carried out in big Tanaka, there is that breeding coefficient is low, survival rate is low, breeds
The problems such as nursery stock morphological variation is big, increment is uneven, nursery stock planting percent and outplanting rate are low, it is impossible to provide in a short time big
The consistent nursery stock of gauge lattice uniform quality.
The content of the invention
To solve above-mentioned technical problem of the prior art, inventor passes through research, there is provided a kind of simple and easy nursery stock
Asexual reproduction method, cottage method is broadcasted sowing by simple bud brachyplast and breed willow, this method can make full use of breed material,
Expanding propagation coefficient, the neat nursery stock of survival rate, educational standards is improved, improve planting percent and outplanting rate.
Specifically, the present invention relates to following technical scheme：
A kind of method that cutting propagation willow is broadcasted sowing using simple bud brachyplast, it is characterised in that
(1) nursery stock variety selection：Selection needs the willow kind bred；
(2) cuttings is produced and handled：Simple bud brachyplast cuttings is made in interception on the healthy and strong nursery stock of above-mentioned willow kind, each
The long 1.5-2.5cm of cuttings, only retain 1 leaf bud in top, the cuttings intercepted is placed in immersion treatment in taking root liquid；
(3) slotting machine prepares：Site preparation is carried out in warmhouse booth and makees bed, length enters seedbed before broadcasting sowing depending on the amount of broadcasting sowing
Row is fully irrigated；
(4) warmhouse booth broadcasts sowing：By the simple bud brachyplast cuttings uniform broadcasting handled well on seedbed, treating that seedbed moisture is complete
Last layer fine earth is uniformly spread on seedbed again after immersing soil, is spread and is covered one layer of mulch film on seedbed after soil and be used for water conservation；
(5) managed after cuttage：Ensure temperature, humidity, illumination and ventilation, cuttage rooting obtains and survives transplanting nursery stock；
(6) crop field is transplanted：Cuttage cultivating seedling will be survived and be transplanted to big Tanaka；
(7) management of transplanting nursery stock：The growth management of conventional method for cultivating seedlings is carried out, obtains shaping Salix seedlings.
It is wherein preferable, in step (1), as needed, it may be selected to be badly in need of the improved seeds of a large amount of nursery stocks in production, preferentially
Selection cutting propagation is easy, side shoot is more, the nursery stock kind of robust growth, and such as the Bohai Sea 1, the Bohai Sea 2, salt willow willow are good
Kind.
In step (2), it is preferred that diameter 0.2-1.cm on the healthy and strong nursery stock of the above-mentioned choiceness of selection 1-2 lifes
Branch, interception simple bud brachyplast cuttings is made；On the selection of cuttings size, during cuttage, thick branch shaping is fast, but take root compared with
Late, withe is easier to root of hair, and the present invention has found that simple bud brachyplast is made in diameter 0.2-1.cm withe branch interception by test of many times
Cuttings, its cuttings survival rate, nursery stock planting percent are higher；And simple bud brachyplast cuttage, because cuttings tissue is short and small, that stores in vivo supports
Point, moisture it is few, not suitable for it is all can cutting propagation nursery stock species, inventor has found willow by experimental study
Diameter 0.2-1.cm, length 1.5-2.5cm simple bud cuttings, while cuttings size is reduced as far as possible, can effectively survive,
And there is higher planting percent and outplanting rate；And it is further, by the unification of the cuttings size of interception, also effectively improve
The regularity of breeding nursery stock.
Preferably, taking root liquid is GGR6 solution, particularly preferred, and the cuttings intercepted is placed in into 300-400mg.kg-1's
Soaked 1 hour in GGR6 solution.
In step (3), it is preferred that late Febuary to early March carries out site preparation in warmhouse booth and makees bed, bedside 1-2 rice,
Seedbed fully irrigate to soil by length depending on the amount of broadcasting sowing, before broadcasting sowing reaches saturation moisture content.
In step (4), by the simple bud brachyplast cuttings uniform broadcasting handled well on seedbed, every mu of bed surface broadcasts sowing 4-5 ten thousand
Brachyplast, uniformly spreads last layer fine earth on seedbed again after moisture is completely immersed in soil after seedbed, thickness using cuttings like Lu Feilu as
Standard, spread and cover one layer of mulch film on seedbed after soil and be used for water conservation.
For above-mentioned steps (3), (4), inventor it has been investigated that, simple bud brachyplast cuttage of the present invention is, it is necessary to tie
The use of warmhouse booth is closed, could preferably improve cuttage survival rate, and by extending the seedling growth cycle, increase nursery stock life
Long amount, in order to which crop field is transplanted seedlings.
In step (5), 15-28 DEG C of temperature of shed is kept after cuttage, relative humidity 80-90%, natural lighting, is carried out daily
Appropriate is ventilated, and typically cuttings bottom starts to take root after broadcasting sowing 5-10 days, and cuttings top leaf bud starts to open after sprouting
Mulch film on seedbed, 3-5% ammonium dihydrogen phosphate aqueous solutions are sprayed after top leaf bud is completely open.
In step (6), the cuttage cultivating seedling survived is transplanted to big Tanaka in late April then or the first tenday period of a month in May, crop field is educated
To shift to an earlier date site preparation seedling and make bed, Nursery stock transplanting density is depending on kind, it is preferred that planting density is 20-30cm × 70-80cm.
Fast-growing breeding density is suitably smaller, and the medium kind density of the speed of growth can be suitably larger.
In step (7), irrigated, applied fertilizer, loosened the soil according to the method for cultivating seedlings of routine, weeding, bud picking, pruning and disease
Pest control.
Technical scheme of the present invention achieves following beneficial effect：
(1) present invention realizes the foundation of the simple bud brachyplast withe cottage method of willow, passes through effective choosing of cuttings size
Take, solve the contradiction between storage nutrient in the nutritional need and cuttings body of the condition of taking root of cuttings；
(2) present invention can make full use of the withe of nursery stock to do cuttings as propagating materials using simple bud brachyplast, save branch
Bar, saving of labor, reduce cost, can more numerous high-quality willow sapling, alleviate the bar sources such as some your dilute willow kinds deficiency contradiction, can
Make full use of and breed material, significantly improve breeding coefficient, the neat clone nursery stock of production specification；
(3) cuttage survival rate is improved by warmhouse booth nursery and administration GGR6 growth regulators, extends seedling growth week
Phase, increase seedling growth amount, improve nursery stock rate, reduce production cost；
(4) present invention is especially suitable for needing the Silvicultural Engineering that seedling amount is larger, higher to nursery stock specification and quality requirement.
(5) seedling-raising technique of the invention and the culture facility needed are simple, can be grasped by nursery person, are also relatively adapted to
Current nursery stock production condition.
Embodiment：
Embodiment 1
Step 1: fine variety production：Selection cutting propagation is easy, side shoot is more, the willow breeding of the Bohai Sea of robust growth 1.
Step 2: cuttings is produced and handled：Select diameter 0.2- on the healthy and strong nursery stock of the above-mentioned choiceness of 1-2 lifes
1cm branch, interception are made simple bud brachyplast cuttings, each long 1.5-2.5cm of cuttings, only retain 1 leaf bud in top, will intercept
Cuttings be placed in 300mg.kg-1GGR6 solution in soak 1 hour or so.
Step 3: slotting machine prepares：Late Febuary, in warmhouse booth carrying out site preparation made bed, whole thin leveling to early March,
About 2 meters of bedside, seedbed fully irrigate to soil by length depending on the amount of broadcasting sowing, before broadcasting sowing reaches saturation moisture content.
Step 4: warmhouse booth broadcasts sowing：By the simple bud brachyplast cuttings uniform broadcasting handled well on seedbed, every mu of bed surface is spread
Broadcast ten thousand brachyplasts of 4-5, uniformly spread last layer fine earth after moisture is completely immersed in soil after seedbed on seedbed again, thickness with cuttings seemingly
Lu Feilu is defined.Spread and cover one layer of mulch film on seedbed after soil and be used for water conservation.
Step 5: managed after cuttage：15-28 DEG C of temperature of shed of holding after cuttage, relative humidity 80-90%, natural lighting,
Suitably ventilated is carried out daily.Cuttings bottom starts to take root after broadcasting sowing 5-10 days, and on cuttings top, leaf bud starts to sprout
The mulch film on seedbed is opened afterwards, and 3-5% ammonium dihydrogen phosphate aqueous solutions are sprayed after top leaf bud is completely open.
Step 6: the crop field transplanting of nursery stock：The cuttage cultivating seedling survived is transplanted in late April then or the first tenday period of a month in May
Big Tanaka.To shift to an earlier date site preparation field seedling raising and make bed, Nursery stock transplanting density is 20-30cm × 70-80cm.
Step 7：The management of nursery transplant：Irrigated, applied fertilizer according to the method for cultivating seedlings of routine after Nursery stock transplanting, pine
Soil, weeding, bud picking, pruning and the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control.
Using the survival rate of this method Salix seedlings up to more than 90%, planting percent more than 80%, outplanting rate be 75% with
On, breeding coefficient is 2-3 times of normal cutting propagation.
Embodiment 2
Step 1: fine variety production：Selection cutting propagation is easy, side shoot is more, the salt willow breeding of robust growth.
Step 2: cuttings is produced and handled：Select diameter 0.2- on the healthy and strong nursery stock of the above-mentioned choiceness of 1-2 lifes
1cm branch, interception are made simple bud brachyplast cuttings, each long 1.5-2.5cm of cuttings, only retain 1 leaf bud in top, will intercept
Cuttings be placed in 400mg.kg-1GGR6 solution in soak 1 hour or so.
Step 3: slotting machine prepares：Late Febuary, in warmhouse booth carrying out site preparation made bed, whole thin leveling to early March,
About 1.5 meters of bedside, seedbed fully irrigate to soil by length depending on the amount of broadcasting sowing, before broadcasting sowing reaches saturation moisture content.
Step 4: warmhouse booth broadcasts sowing：By the simple bud brachyplast cuttings uniform broadcasting handled well on seedbed, every mu of bed surface is spread
Broadcast ten thousand brachyplasts of 4-5, uniformly spread last layer fine earth after moisture is completely immersed in soil after seedbed on seedbed again, thickness with cuttings seemingly
Lu Feilu is defined.Spread and cover one layer of mulch film on seedbed after soil and be used for water conservation.
Step 5: managed after cuttage：15-28 DEG C of temperature of shed of holding after cuttage, relative humidity 80-90%, natural lighting,
Suitably ventilated is carried out daily.Cuttings bottom starts to take root after broadcasting sowing 5-10 days, and on cuttings top, leaf bud starts to sprout
The mulch film on seedbed is opened afterwards, and 3-5% ammonium dihydrogen phosphate aqueous solutions are sprayed after top leaf bud is completely open.
Step 6: the crop field transplanting of nursery stock：The cuttage cultivating seedling survived is transplanted in late April then or the first tenday period of a month in May
Big Tanaka.To shift to an earlier date site preparation field seedling raising and make bed, Nursery stock transplanting density is 20-30cm × 70-80cm.
Step 7：The management of nursery transplant：Irrigated, applied fertilizer according to the method for cultivating seedlings of routine after Nursery stock transplanting, pine
Soil, weeding, bud picking, pruning and the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control.
Using the survival rate of this method Salix seedlings up to more than 90%, planting percent more than 80%, outplanting rate be 75% with
On, breeding coefficient is 2-3 times of normal cutting propagation.
Foregoing description describe the main contents and advantage of the present invention.Simply illustrate the present invention described in description above
Principle, in the case where not departing from the precondition of main contents of the present invention, the present invention can also be become according to the concrete condition of various regions
Change and improve, these changes and improvements will be fallen into scope of the claimed invention, and the claimed scope of the invention is by institute
Attached claims and its equivalent thereof.
Claims (8)
- A kind of 1. method that cutting propagation willow is broadcasted sowing using simple bud brachyplast, it is characterised in that（1）Nursery stock variety selection：Select the Bohai Sea 1, the Bohai Sea 2, salt willow willow breeding；（2）Cuttings is produced and handled：Select the step of 1-2 lifes（1）Diameter 0.2- on the clonal healthy and strong nursery stock of breeding 1cm branch, interception are made simple bud brachyplast cuttings, each long 1.5-2.5cm of cuttings, only retain 1 leaf bud in top, will intercept Cuttings be placed in immersion treatment in taking root liquid, taking root liquid is GGR6 solution；（3）Slotting machine prepares：Site preparation is carried out in warmhouse booth and makees bed, length is filled seedbed before broadcasting sowing depending on the amount of broadcasting sowing Divide and irrigate；（4）Warmhouse booth broadcasts sowing：By the simple bud brachyplast cuttings uniform broadcasting handled well on seedbed, treating that seedbed moisture is completely immersed in Uniformly spread last layer fine earth after soil on seedbed again, spread and cover one layer of mulch film on seedbed after soil and be used for water conservation；（5）Managed after cuttage：Ensure temperature, humidity, illumination and ventilation, cuttage rooting obtains and survives transplanting nursery stock；（6）Transplant in crop field：Cuttage cultivating seedling will be survived and be transplanted to big Tanaka；（7）The management of transplanting nursery stock：The growth management of conventional method for cultivating seedlings is carried out, obtains shaping Salix seedlings.
- 2. method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step（2）In, the cuttings intercepted is placed in 300- 400mg·kg-1GGR6 solution in soak 1 hour.
- 3. method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step（3）In, late Febuary to early March is in warmhouse booth Interior progress site preparation does bed, bedside 1-2 rice, and seedbed fully irrigate to soil by length depending on the amount of broadcasting sowing, before broadcasting sowing to be reached Saturation moisture content.
- 4. method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step（4）In, the simple bud brachyplast cuttings handled well is uniformly spread It is sowed on seedbed, every mu of bed surface broadcasts sowing ten thousand brachyplasts of 4-5, is uniformly sprinkled on seedbed again after after seedbed, moisture is completely immersed in soil One layer of fine earth, thickness are defined by cuttings like Lu Feilu, are spread and are covered one layer of mulch film on seedbed after soil and be used for water conservation.
- 5. method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step（5）In, 15-28 DEG C of temperature of shed, phase are kept after cuttage To humidity 80-90%, natural lighting, suitably ventilated is carried out daily, typically cuttings bottom starts to give birth to after broadcasting sowing 5-10 days Root, cuttings top leaf bud start to open the mulch film on seedbed after sprouting, and 3-5% di(2-ethylhexyl)phosphates are sprayed after top leaf bud is completely open Hydrogen aqueous ammonium.
- 6. method according to claim 3, it is characterised in that step（6）In, will be into late April then or the first tenday period of a month in May Cuttage cultivating seedling living is transplanted to big Tanaka, to shift to an earlier date site preparation field seedling raising and make bed, Nursery stock transplanting density is depending on kind.
- 7. method according to claim 6, it is characterised in that planting density is 20-30cm × 70-80cm.
- 8. method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step（7）In, filled according to the method for cultivating seedlings of routine Irrigate, apply fertilizer, loosening the soil, weeding, bud picking, pruning and the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control.
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Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105494017A (en) * | 2015-12-30 | 2016-04-20 | 山东省林业科学研究院 | Method for increasing cutting propagation coefficients by utilizing nursery stock lateral branches |
| CN108500044A (en) * | 2018-04-11 | 2018-09-07 | 上海辰山植物园 | A method of by being colonized the micro- cuttings repairing polluted soil of willow |
| CN108934504A (en) * | 2018-05-28 | 2018-12-07 | 湖北民族学院 | A method of improving idesia cuttage survival rate |
| CN109005973A (en) * | 2018-08-27 | 2018-12-18 | 山东省林业科学研究院 | A method of improving dryland willow cutting plantation |
| CN113179840B (en) * | 2021-04-23 | 2023-03-17 | 滨州黄河三角洲高效生态产业现代技术研究院 | Method for rapidly cultivating willow big crown original crown engineering seedlings by minimally invasive technology |
| CN113424712B (en) * | 2021-07-19 | 2022-08-23 | 山东省林业科学研究院 | Small stem seedling raising method for tamarix chinensis and application |
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