CN102696302A - Teak low-chipper sprout-promotion rapid-propagation seed-growing method - Google Patents
Teak low-chipper sprout-promotion rapid-propagation seed-growing method Download PDFInfo
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/22—Improving land use; Improving water use or availability; Controlling erosion
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/40—Afforestation or reforestation
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Abstract
The invention discloses a teak low-chipper sprout-promotion rapid-propagation seed-growing method. Seeds are soaked by lime water and gibberellin and then sowed, then seedlings are transplanted into a first nutrition substance container to cultivate mother seedlings to a stage when leaves are mutually overlapped, then the seedlings are graded and arranged according to certain planting space, when ground diameter of the mother seedlings is 0.4-0.8cm, the mother seedlings are planted into a plastic pot with a bottom support to be bred, wherein the mother seedlings are not separated from container cups, and second nutrition substance is arranged in the plastic pot. After 10-15 days, the mother seedlings are cut at a position where base parts of the mother seedling are close to the ground to promote sprouting, collecting cuttings and arranging the cuttings in a container cup provided with third nutrition substances in cottage mode, growing seedlings on an elevated seedling bed in a plastic greenhouse, controlling air temperature and relative humidity of a cottage bed by utilizing a greenhouse temperature and moisture adjuster, and thus obtaining teak container cottage seedlings. By means of the teak low-chipper sprout-promotion rapid-propagation seed-growing method, cottage branches are short, interval time of cutting collection is shortened, breeding efficiency is improved, field condition requirements of nursery gardens are not strict, management is convenient, cutting quality is easy to control, cottage survive rate is high, and economic benefit is good.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to plant Fast Asexual Propagation Technique field, relate to the low short rapid seedling cultivation method of sprouting of bar of cutting of a kind of teak.
Background technology
Teak (Tectona grandi s L.F.) belongs to a kind of fallen leaves or the half broad leaved and deciduous broad leaved arbor of Verenaceae (Vcrbenaceae) Tectona (Tectona).Teak heartwood ratio is big, is crineous, extremely pest-resistant, utmost point corrosion resistant, water-fast, fire-resistant; Under the tangible situation of dried wet variation, do not stick up and do not split, very easily processing, decorative pattern is beautiful; Purposes is very extensive, can make noble furniture, veneer, plywood, is used for shipbuilding, vehicle, sleeper, electric pole; The instrument chamber, piano and organ shell etc. are one of timber of the optimum preciousness of generally acknowledging in the world.China does not have the teak natural forest and distributes, and the forest plantation area is less, and every year will be from a large amount of teak log of external import.At present, the big a tree, used in making timber for boats of Burma's teak has risen to 10000～14000 yuan/m3.And the unusual suitable planting teak forest plantation in the tropical south subtropics area of China, the prospect of development teak forestry is very wide.In October, 2010 " Guangxi rare tree development plan (2011～the year two thousand twenty) ", teak was one of seeds of wherein giving priority to through experts' evaluation and put into practice.
Because having the teak natural forest, China do not distribute; The forest plantation area is also less, and alternative good elite stand resource is very limited, gathers very difficulty of seed; Limited the scale of sexual propagation; And offspring's variability of sexual propagation is bigger, is unfavorable for heredity and preservation to fine quality, is the important means that solves the shortage of teak breeding so adopt vegetative propagation.
At present, for teak vegetative propagation research more be tissue culture.Higher because of the tissue culture production cost, specification requirement is high, is difficult to extensive popularization.The present invention plants the teak maternal plant in plastic basin through evidence for many years, hangs down to cut that bar is short to be sprouted, and is not tight to the soil conditional request in nursery, convenient management, controls fringe bar quality easily.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is deficiency, aim to provide the low short rapid seedling cultivation method of sprouting of bar of cutting of teak to traditional cottage propagation and tissue culture vegetative propagation technique.
The object of the invention is achieved through following technical scheme:
The low short rapid seedling cultivation method of sprouting of bar of cutting of a kind of teak; Comprise seed treatment, female Miao Peiyu, maternal plant plantation, maternal plant management, gather fringe bar, cuttage and management operation; It is waited to levy and is: sow after adopting limewash and gibberellin to soak seed, carry out seedling sorting when then sprigging cultivation female seedling to blade in the nutrient matrix I container being blocked mutually, and put by certain seeding row spacing; When female seedling leading thread is 0.4～0.8cm, not shelling container cup plants in the nutrient matrix II is provided with the plastic basin of rebasing holder and grows seedlings; Plant after 10～15 days and block short sprouting, collect the cuttage of fringe bar in the container cup that the nutrient matrix III is housed, place on the overhead bed of growing seedlings in the plastic tunnel and grow seedlings in maternal plant base portion place near the ground; And, obtain teak container cutting propagation seedling with the air themperature and the relative moisture of booth air temperature and humidity regulator control cutting bed.
The low short quick-breeding method of sprouting of bar of cutting of teak adopts following steps:
(1) female Miao Peiyu
1. seed treatment: soak seed with limewash and gibberellin late March～mid-April.
2. sowing: the seed uniform broadcasting in husky bed, is jammed on plank, seed 1/4～1/3 is sunk in the sand, Gai Sha does not shade, and keeps sand moistening, and fine day needs early, middle and late respectively watering 1 time.
3. female Miao Yizhi: when the high 5～6cm of the seedling on the husky bed, transplant in wide * height that the nutrient matrix I is housed is 10～12cm * 12～14cm plastic containers cup, drench normal root water, the coverage shading net.
4. female Miao Guanli: Nursery stock transplanting was removed shading screen after 15～20 days.Whenever drenched at a distance from 15 days and execute one time 0.5～1.0% compound rich water liquid.Carry out the seedling sorting management when nursery stock blade blocks mutually after 50～60 days.
(2) maternal plant plantation: August～October female seed of stalwartness is planted and plantation nutrition base II matter is housed is provided with in the plastic basin of rebasing holder.
(3) cross-term is short sprouts: plant after 10～15 days, cut to block in maternal plant base portion place near the ground with profit and urge to sprout.
(4) maternal plant management: at first press conventional method spray plant growth hormone after gathering the fringe bar, drench then and execute 0.2～0.5% composite fertilizer's liquid manure, be completely cured at last 1 time; Gather edge that the fringe bar carrying the former plastic containers cup of maternal plant in preceding 5 days on one side gently shake revolve on one side and turn around; Annual early October is gathered last branch, and late November blocks apart from ground 3cm place in the maternal plant base portion, and covered with plastic film behind the water of drenching with the soil compaction sealing, was whenever raised film once at a distance from 1 month later all around, watered, sprays microbial inoculum.In March～April, when maternal plant begins to take out sprouting, remove plastic film.
(5) the fringe bar is gathered: the branch base portion of trying one's best is cut the clip branch with profit.
(6) fringe bar cuttage: be made into 400～600ppm solution with special-purpose root-inducing powder; Add talcum powder and stir into pulpous state; To insert section speed under the fringe dips in and inserts in behind the root-inducing powder slurry in the nonwoven mesh bag that 8～12 * 10～14cm is equipped with the nutrient matrix III; Be placed on the overhead bed of growing seedlings in the plastic tunnel, drench normal root water after cuttage is accomplished.
(7) insert the seedling management: in cuttage in green house in 5～October, must shade, and use booth air temperature and humidity regulator to make the interior temperature of cutting bed remain on 30～35 ℃ with shading screen; Relative air humidity remains on 80～90%; Every film of opening at a distance from 7 days is taken a breath, and inspection cuttage rooting situation is picked up fallen leaves, deadwood, diseased plant etc. totally; With 0.1%～0.15% carbendazim or zineb; Add 0.1%～0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate or urea or big fertile king, mix the back spray and insert the fringe blade, reseal film behind the 0.5h.Cuttage rooting is stable after 20～30 days, must shift out container seedling from plastic tunnel, shades with shading screen; And before 11 of mornings, open shading screen later at 4 in afternoon, let seedling adapt to illumination gradually; Can put shading screen away after 20 days, garden afforestation is prepared out in illumination fully.
Above-described limewash with the method that gibberellin soaks seed is: in vat or drum, put into the white lime identical with seed weight, adding weight then is the clear water of 10～13 times in seed, stirs with wooden stick.Using length is cloth bag or woven bag or the mesh bag dress seed of 80～100cm, the wide 40～60cm of being; 1 packedly goes into 5～10 kilograms in seed, is soaked in the limewash after tying sack, stirs repeatedly; Make limewash immerse in the sack; On sack, spread the thin lime of one deck at last, and press weights such as stone or brick, make sack be soaked in the limewash fully.Stir sack every day one time, and stir limewash with wooden stick.Pull out after 5～10 days seed with clear water towards Xian clean after, again with 100～200mg/L gibberellin immersion 2～8 hours.
The nutrient matrix I of above-described female Miao Yizhi is 10 parts of yellow soils, 5～10 parts of wooden chaffs, 0.5～1 part of stack retting pig manure; Described stack retting pig manure must carry out in August～October, and with 10 parts of pig manures, fused calcium magnesium phosphate mixes for 1 part, covered, sealed with plastic film, and the ditch that begins to rehearse all around in case rainwater soaks, can be used after 30～40 days.
Above-described female seedling differentiated control be with female seedling be divided into leading thread less than 0.2cm, footpath bar can not be upright pressed seedling and leading thread more than or equal to 2 ranks in strong sprout of 0.2cm, separately put, seeding row spacing is 15cm * 15cm.
The containers size of above-described maternal plant plantation is that back cut diameter is that 12～17cm, lower port diameter are that 10～15cm, height are the round plastic basin of 10～15cm, and several apertures that evenly distribute at the bottom of the basin fill up a collet.
The plantation nutrient matrix II of above-described maternal plant plantation is 10 parts of yellow soils, 2～5 parts in haydite sand, 2～5 parts of wooden chaffs, spreads one deck haydite at last more on the whole.
It is that leading thread is 0.4～0.8cm that the nursery stock that above-described maternal plant plantation is selected requires; Healthy growth, vigorous; Do not shell the plastic containers cup when method of maternal plant plantation is plantation, it is equal with the container rim of a cup to cover nutrient matrix II height after planting, and can not exceed the nutrient matrix I in the cup.
It is to block apart from ground 1～5cm place in the maternal plant base portion that above-described truncation is urged to sprout method.
The method of the spray plant growth hormone of above-described maternal plant management is at the basic element of cell division that sprays 50～100ppm that afternoon of gathering the fringe bar.
The requirement of above-described fringe bar collection is the long 6～12cm of branch, and the thick 0.2～0.4cm in base portion footpath has 2～3 joints, and blade turns to be yellow slightly.
The proportioning of the nutrient matrix III of above-described fringe bar cuttage is 0.5～1 part of 10 parts of yellow soils, 10～20 parts of coconut palm chaffs, perlite or 0.5～1 part in haydite sand, a carbonization wood chaff.
The present invention has the following advantages with respect to existing technology:
1, the low short quick-breeding method of sprouting of bar of cutting of teak of the present invention soaks speed of germination, regularity and the germination rate that seed can improve the teak seed with limewash and gibberellin.
2, the low short quick-breeding method of sprouting of bar of cutting of teak of the present invention; The nutrient matrix I that female Miao Yizhi uses is 0.5～1 part of the good pig manure of 10 parts of yellow soils, 10 parts of wooden chaffs, stack retting; This provides sufficient base manure for female Miao Shengchang; And root system is also more flourishing, and 2～3 months heights of seedling of female Miao Shengchang can reach 20～40cm.
3, the low short quick-breeding method of sprouting of bar of cutting of teak of the present invention is female seedling that 15cm * 15cm puts by seeding row spacing during the refining seedling, and this makes that female seedling growing space is bigger, and the illumination abundance is in that 8～September, leading thread can reach 0.4～0.8cm then.
4, the low bar of cutting of teak of the present invention is urged to sprout quick-breeding method, and maternal plant is planted in the plastic basin, and fills up a collet; Can prevent that the maternal plant root system from pricking undergroundly, limit the growth potential of maternal plant effectively, avoid that branch grows too thick, the children is tender; Not high to site requirements simultaneously, seedling cost is lower.It is that leading thread is 0.4～0.8cm that the nursery stock that the maternal plant plantation is selected requires, and guarantees that the branch that maternal plant is extracted out can be too not thin and delicate, also can be too not thick.Do not shell the plastic containers cup during plantation, the earthing height is equal with the container rim of a cup after planting, and can not exceed the matrix in the cup, does not shell the growth that cup can be controlled maternal plant better, prevents to take out living steep long shoot; Plant back earthing height and do not exceed the matrix in the cup, press close to fringe bar base portion when conveniently gathering the fringe bar, because the root original hase of fringe bar focuses mostly in base portion, so more be prone to take root.
5, the low short quick-breeding method of sprouting of bar of cutting of teak of the present invention; The nutrient matrix of maternal plant plantation is 10 parts of yellow soils, 2～5 parts in haydite sand, 2～5 parts of wooden chaffs; Help controlling moisture, nutritional condition and the ventilative situation of matrix; Control fringe bar quality, spread on the whole in addition that one deck haydite can prevent trickle or when rainy matrix spill, also play the effect of preserving moisture simultaneously.
6, the low short quick-breeding method of sprouting of bar of cutting of teak of the present invention, it is to block apart from ground 1～5cm place in the maternal plant base portion that truncation is urged to sprout method, because section is low; Can promote maternal plant to sprout sprouting quickly; Branch is also grown comparatively fast, and the childrenization effect that low level cuts bar is best, and the fringe bar is taken root the most easily.
7, the low short quick-breeding method of sprouting of bar of cutting of teak of the present invention, the method for maternal plant management spray plant growth hormone is at the basic element of cell division that sprays 50～100ppm that afternoon of gathering the fringe bar, can impel maternal plant to sprout more sproutings, thereby improve the spike number amount of adopting.
8, the low short quick-breeding method of sprouting of bar of cutting of teak of the present invention; Maternal plant management the method for being completely cured be in gather edge that the fringe bar carrying the former plastic containers cup of maternal plant in preceding 5 days on one side gently shake revolve on one side and turn around; Can pull apart the capillary root of maternal plant; Hinder the absorption of root system, promote the lignification of branch moisture content and nutrition.
9, the low short quick-breeding method of sprouting of bar of cutting of teak of the present invention, the requirement of fringe bar collection is the long 6～12cm of branch, and is shorter than the branch of general epicormic branch cuttage, can shorten the blanking time that the fringe bar is gathered, and improves reproductive efficiency.
10, the low short quick-breeding method of sprouting of bar of cutting of teak of the present invention; Maternal plant management pass the winter method be annual late November maternal plant covered with plastic film behind the water of drenching; Seal with soil compaction all around; This can prevent that maternal plant from receiving cold damage and death in the winter time, and can do sth. in advance the time of maternal plant rudiment in spring in the coming year.
Specific embodiment:
Through specific embodiment given below, can further be well understood to the present invention, but they not to qualification of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
Begin to handle seed with gathering the seed of returning 3 last ten-days period, in vat or drum, put into the lime identical with seed weight, adding weight then is the clear water of 10 times in lime, stirs with wooden stick.Use the long 80cm of being, wide cloth bag, woven bag or mesh bag to adorn seed, 1 bag 5 kilograms, be soaked in the limewash after tying sack as 40cm; Stir repeatedly; Make limewash immerse in the sack, on sack, press weights such as stone or brick at last, sack is soaked in the limewash fully.Stir sack every day one time, and stir limewash with wooden stick.Soak after 5 days, pull seed out and rinse well repeatedly with clear water, drip-dry water, soak 12 hours with 100mg/L gibberellin after; The seed uniform broadcasting in husky bed, is jammed on plank, seed 1/4 is sunk in the sand, not Gai Sha; Do not shade, keep sand moistening, fine day needs early, middle and late respectively watering 1 time.When the high 5～6cm of the seedling on the husky bed, transplant in wide for 12cm, it is high that the nutrient matrix I is 10 parts of yellow soils, 10 parts of wooden chaffs, 1 part of stack retting pig manure in the plastic containers cup of 14cm, plant the back and drench normal root water, coverage shading net.Behind the Nursery stock transplanting 20 days, remove shading screen, whenever drenched and execute one time 0.5% compound rich water liquid at a distance from 15 days.Carry out seedling sorting when the nursery stock blade blocks mutually after 50 days, with female seedling be divided into leading thread less than 0.2cm, footpath bar can not be upright pressed seedling and leading thread more than or equal to 2 ranks in strong sprout of 0.2cm, separately put, seeding row spacing is 15cm * 15cm.Be 0.4cm with leading thread August; It is that 12cm, lower port diameter are that 10cm, height are the round plastic basin of 10cm that healthy growth, vigorous female seed are planted back cut diameter, and collet of the low pad of basin is not shelled the plastic containers cup during plantation; Being covered with the nutrient matrix II after planting is 10 parts of yellow soils, husky 6 parts of haydite, 2 parts of wooden chaffs; Spread one deck haydite at last on the whole, nutrient matrix II height is equal with the container rim of a cup, can not exceed the matrix in the cup.Plant after 15 days, cut in the maternal plant base portion with profit and block short sprouting apart from ground 1cm place.As the long 6cm of branch; The thick 0.2cm in base portion footpath; When being arranged, 2 joints can gather cuttage; At the basic element of cell division that sprays 50ppm that afternoon of gathering the fringe bar, gather behind the fringe bar to drench in the 2nd day and execute one time 0.5% compound rich water liquid, Yi Bian Yi Bian carrying the edge of the former plastic containers cup of maternal plant in preceding 5 days and shake to revolve gently and turn around in gathering the fringe bar.Be made into 400ppm solution with special-purpose root-inducing powder; Add talcum powder and stir into pulpous state; Section speed inserts in the wide 8cm of being after dipping in the root-inducing powder slurry under the fringe, height is 10cm, is equipped with in the nonwoven mesh bag of 10 parts of yellow soils, 10 parts of coconut palm chaffs, 0.5 part of perlite, 0.5 part of nutrient matrix III of carbonization wood chaff with inserting; Be placed on the overhead bed of growing seedlings in the plastic tunnel, drench normal root water after cuttage is accomplished.In cuttage in green house in May, must shade with shading screen, and use booth air temperature and humidity regulator to make the interior temperature of cutting bed remain on 30～35 ℃; Relative air humidity remains on 80～90%, every film ventilation, inspection cuttage rooting situation opened at a distance from 7 days; Fallen leaves, deadwood, diseased plant etc. are picked up totally, use 0.1% carbendazim then, add 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate; Mix the back spray and insert the fringe blade, reseal film behind the 0.5h.Cuttage rooting is stable after 20 days, shifts out container seedling from plastic tunnel, shades with shading screen, and before 11 of mornings, opens shading screen later at 4 in afternoon, lets seedling adapt to illumination gradually, can put shading screen away after 20 days, and garden afforestation is prepared out in illumination fully.Cuttage survival rate reaches 90.8%.
Embodiment 2
Begin to handle seed with gathering the seed of returning 4 the first tenday period of a month, in vat or drum, put into the lime identical with seed weight, adding weight then is the clear water of 12 times in lime, stirs with wooden stick.Use the long 90cm of being, wide cloth bag, woven bag or mesh bag to adorn seed, 1 bag 8 kilograms, be soaked in the limewash after tying sack as 50cm; Stir repeatedly; Make limewash immerse in the sack, on sack, press weights such as stone or brick at last, make sack be soaked in the limewash fully.Stir sack every day one time, and stir limewash with wooden stick.Soak after 8 days, pull seed out and rinse well repeatedly with clear water, drip-dry water, soak 9 hours with 150mg/L gibberellin after; The seed uniform broadcasting in husky bed, is jammed on plank, seed 1/3 is sunk in the sand, not Gai Sha; Do not shade, keep sand moistening, fine day needs early, middle and late respectively watering 1 time.When the high 5～6cm of the seedling on the husky bed, transplant in wide for 10cm, it is high that the nutrient matrix I is 10 parts of yellow soils, 5 parts of wooden chaffs, 0.5 part of stack retting pig manure in the plastic containers cup of 12cm, plant the back and drench normal root water, coverage shading net.Behind the Nursery stock transplanting 18 days, remove shading screen, whenever drenched and execute one time 0.8% compound rich water liquid at a distance from 15 days.Carry out seedling sorting when the nursery stock blade blocks mutually after 50 days, with female seedling be divided into leading thread less than 0.2cm, footpath bar can not be upright pressed seedling and leading thread more than or equal to 2 ranks in strong sprout of 0.2cm, separately put, seeding row spacing is 15cm * 15cm.Be 0.6cm with leading thread September; It is that 15cm, lower port diameter are that 13cm, height are the round plastic basin of 13cm that healthy growth, vigorous female seed are planted back cut diameter, collet of the low pad of basin, and the nutrient matrix II is 10 parts of yellow soils, 4 parts in haydite sand, 3 parts of wooden chaffs; Spread one deck haydite at last on the whole; Do not shell the plastic containers cup during plantation, the earthing height is equal with the container rim of a cup after planting, and can not exceed the matrix in the cup.Plant after 12 days, cut in the maternal plant base portion with profit and block short sprouting apart from ground 2.5cm place.When branch is about 7cm; The thick about 0.3cm in base portion footpath; When being arranged, 2 joints can gather cuttage; At the basic element of cell division that sprays 80ppm that afternoon of gathering the fringe bar, gather behind the fringe bar to drench in the 2nd day and execute one time 0.4% compound rich water liquid, Yi Bian Yi Bian carrying the edge of the former plastic containers cup of maternal plant in preceding 5 days and shake to revolve gently and turn around in gathering the fringe bar.Be made into 500ppm solution with special-purpose root-inducing powder; Add talcum powder and stir into pulpous state; Section speed inserts in the wide 10cm of being after dipping in the root-inducing powder slurry under the fringe, height is 12cm, is equipped with in the nonwoven mesh bag of 10 parts of yellow soils, 15 parts of coconut palm chaffs, 0.8 part of perlite, 0.8 part of nutrient matrix III of carbonization wood chaff with inserting; Be placed on the overhead bed of growing seedlings in the plastic tunnel, drench normal root water after cuttage is accomplished.In cuttage in green house in August, must shade with shading screen, and use booth air temperature and humidity regulator to make the interior temperature of cutting bed remain on 30～35 ℃; Relative air humidity remains on 80～90%, every film ventilation, inspection cuttage rooting situation opened at a distance from 7 days; Fallen leaves, deadwood, diseased plant etc. are picked up totally, use 0.15% zineb then, add 0.15% urea; Mix the back spray and insert the fringe blade, reseal film behind the 0.5h.Cuttage rooting is stable after 30 days, must shift out container seedling from plastic tunnel, shades with shading screen; And before 11 of mornings, open shading screen later at 4 in afternoon, let seedling adapt to illumination gradually; Can put shading screen away after 20 days, garden afforestation is prepared out in illumination fully.Cuttage survival rate reaches 95.3%.
Embodiment 3
Begin to handle seed with gathering the seed of returning 4 the middle ten days, in vat or drum, put into the lime identical with seed weight, adding weight then is the clear water of 13 times in lime, stirs with wooden stick.Use the long 100cm of being, wide cloth bag, woven bag or mesh bag to adorn seed, 1 bag 10 kilograms, be soaked in the limewash after tying sack as 60cm; Stir repeatedly; Make limewash immerse in the sack, on sack, press weights such as stone or brick at last, make sack be soaked in the limewash fully.Stir sack every day one time, and stir limewash with wooden stick.Soak after 10 days, pull seed out and rinse well repeatedly, drip-dry water with clear water; Soak after 6 hours the seed uniform broadcasting in husky bed with 200mg/L gibberellin, jam on, seed 1/4～1/3 is sunk in the sand with plank; Gai Sha not; Do not shade, keep sand moistening, fine day needs early, middle and late respectively watering 1 time.When the high 5～6cm of the seedling on the husky bed, transplant in wide for 11cm, it is high that the nutrient matrix I is 10 parts of yellow soils, 8 parts of wooden chaffs, 0.8 part of stack retting pig manure in the plastic containers cup of 13cm, plant the back and drench normal root water, coverage shading net.Behind the Nursery stock transplanting 15～20 days, remove shading screen, whenever drenched and execute one time 1.0% compound rich water liquid at a distance from 15 days.Carry out seedling sorting when the nursery stock blade blocks mutually after 58 days, with female seedling be divided into leading thread less than 0.2cm, footpath bar can not be upright pressed seedling and leading thread more than or equal to 2 ranks in strong sprout of 0.2cm, separately put, seeding row spacing is 15cm * 15cm.Be 0.8cm with leading thread October; It is that 17cm, lower port diameter are that 15cm, height are the round plastic basin of 15cm that healthy growth, vigorous female seed are planted back cut diameter, collet of the low pad of basin, and the nutrient matrix II is 10 parts of yellow soils, 2 parts in haydite sand, 5 parts of wooden chaffs; Spread one deck haydite at last on the whole; Do not shell the plastic containers cup during plantation, the earthing height is equal with the container rim of a cup after planting, and can not exceed the matrix in the cup.Plant after 11 days, cut in the maternal plant base portion with profit and block short sprouting apart from ground 3.5cm place.When branch is about 12cm; The thick about 0.4cm in base portion footpath; When being arranged, 3 joints can gather cuttage; At the basic element of cell division that sprays 100ppm that afternoon of gathering the fringe bar, gather behind the fringe bar to drench in the 2nd day and execute one time 0.2% compound rich water liquid, Yi Bian Yi Bian carrying the edge of the former plastic containers cup of maternal plant in preceding 5 days and shake to revolve gently and turn around in gathering the fringe bar.Be made into 600ppm solution with special-purpose root-inducing powder; Add talcum powder and stir into pulpous state; Section speed inserts in the wide 12cm of being after dipping in the root-inducing powder slurry under the fringe, height is 14cm, is equipped with in the nonwoven mesh bag of 10 parts of yellow soils, 20 parts of coconut palm chaffs, 1 part of perlite, 1 part of nutrient matrix III of carbonization wood chaff with inserting; Be placed on the overhead bed of growing seedlings in the plastic tunnel, drench normal root water after cuttage is accomplished.In cuttage in green house in October, must shade with shading screen, and use booth air temperature and humidity regulator to make the interior temperature of cutting bed remain on 30～35 ℃; Relative air humidity remains on 80～90%, every film ventilation, inspection cuttage rooting situation opened at a distance from 7 days; Fallen leaves, deadwood, diseased plant etc. are picked up totally, use 0.1% carbendazim then, add 0.2% big fertile king; Mix the back spray and insert the fringe blade, reseal film behind the 0.5h.Cuttage rooting is stable after 26 days, must shift out container seedling from plastic tunnel, shades with shading screen; And before 11 of mornings, open shading screen later at 4 in afternoon, let seedling adapt to illumination gradually; Can put shading screen away after 20 days, garden afforestation is prepared out in illumination fully.Cuttage survival rate reaches 97.0%.
Claims (10)
1. the low bar of cutting of teak urgees to sprout the rapid seedling cultivation method; Comprise seed treatment, female Miao Peiyu, maternal plant plantation, maternal plant management, gather fringe bar, cuttage and management operation; It is waited to levy and is: sow after soaking seed with limewash and gibberellin, sprigging is cultivated to nutrient matrix I container carry out seedling sorting when female seedling to blade blocks mutually then, and put by certain seeding row spacing; When female seedling leading thread is 0.4～0.8cm, not shelling container cup plants in the nutrient matrix II is provided with the plastic basin of rebasing holder and grows seedlings; Plant after 10～15 days and block short sprouting, gather the cuttage of fringe bar in the container cup that the nutrient matrix III is housed, place on the overhead bed of growing seedlings in the plastic tunnel and grow seedlings in maternal plant base portion place near the ground; And, obtain teak container cutting propagation seedling with the air themperature and the relative moisture of booth air temperature and humidity regulator control cutting bed.
2. the low bar of cutting of the described teak of root a tree name claim 1 is urged to sprout the rapid seedling cultivation method, and it is waited to levy and is: adopt following steps:
(1) female Miao Peiyu
1. seed treatment: soak seed with limewash and gibberellin late March～mid-April.
2. sowing: the seed uniform broadcasting in husky bed, is jammed on plank, seed 1/4～1/3 is sunk in the sand, Gai Sha does not shade, and keeps sand moistening, and fine day needs early, middle and late respectively watering 1 time.
3. female Miao Yizhi: when the high 5～6cm of the seedling on the husky bed, transplant in wide * height that the nutrient matrix I is housed is 10～12cm * 12～14cm plastic containers cup, drench normal root water, the coverage shading net.
4. female Miao Guanli: Nursery stock transplanting was removed shading screen after 15～20 days.Whenever drenched at a distance from 15 days and execute one time 0.5～1.0% compound rich water liquid.Carry out the seedling sorting management when nursery stock blade blocks mutually after 50～60 days.
(2) maternal plant plantation: 8～October female seed of stalwartness is planted and plantation nutrition base II matter is housed is provided with in the plastic basin of rebasing holder.
(3) cross-term is short sprouts: plant after 10～15 days, cut to block in maternal plant base portion place near the ground with profit and urge to sprout.
(4) maternal plant management: gather behind the fringe bar at first spray plant growth hormone, drench then and execute 0.2～0.5% composite fertilizer's liquid manure, be completely cured at last 1 time; Gather edge that the fringe bar carrying the former plastic containers cup of maternal plant in preceding 5 days on one side gently shake revolve on one side and turn around; Annual early October is gathered last branch, and late November blocks apart from ground 3cm place in the maternal plant base portion, and covered with plastic film behind the water of drenching with the soil compaction sealing, was whenever raised film once at a distance from 1 month later all around, watered, sprays microbial inoculum.In March～April, when maternal plant begins to take out sprouting, remove plastic film.
(5) the fringe bar is gathered: the branch base portion of trying one's best is cut the clip branch with profit.
(6) fringe bar cuttage: be made into 400～600ppm solution with special-purpose root-inducing powder; Add talcum powder and stir into pulpous state; To insert section speed under the fringe dips in and inserts in behind the root-inducing powder slurry in the nonwoven mesh bag that 8～12 * 10～14cm is equipped with the nutrient matrix III; Be placed on the overhead bed of growing seedlings in the plastic tunnel, drench normal root water after cuttage is accomplished.
(7) insert the seedling management: in cuttage in green house in 5～October, must shade, and use booth air temperature and humidity regulator to make the interior temperature of cutting bed remain on 30～35 ℃ with shading screen; Relative air humidity remains on 80～90%; Every film of opening at a distance from 7 days is taken a breath, and inspection cuttage rooting situation is picked up fallen leaves, deadwood, diseased plant totally; With 0.1%～0.15% carbendazim or zineb; Add 0.1%～0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate or urea or big fertile king, mix the back spray and insert the fringe blade, reseal film behind the 0.5h.Cuttage rooting is stable after 20～30 days, shifts out container seedling from plastic tunnel, shades with shading screen; And before 11 of mornings, open shading screen later at 4 in afternoon, let seedling adapt to illumination gradually; Can put shading screen away after 20 days, garden afforestation is prepared out in illumination fully.
3. the low bar of cutting of the described teak of root a tree name claim 2 urgees to sprout the rapid seedling cultivation method; It is characterized in that: described limewash with the method that gibberellin soaks seed is: in vat or drum, put into the white lime identical with seed weight; Adding weight then is the clear water of 10～13 times in seed, stirs with wooden stick.Using length is cloth bag or woven bag or the mesh bag dress seed of 80～100cm, the wide 40～60cm of being; 1 packedly goes into 5～10 kilograms in seed, is soaked in the limewash after tying sack, stirs repeatedly; Make limewash immerse in the sack; On sack, spread the thin lime of one deck at last, and press weights such as stone or brick, make sack be soaked in the limewash fully.Stir sack every day one time, and stir limewash with wooden stick.Pull out after 5～10 days seed with clear water towards Xian clean after, again with 100～200mg/L gibberellin immersion 2～8 hours.
4. the low bar of cutting of the described teak of root a tree name claim 2 is urged to sprout the rapid seedling cultivation method, and it is characterized in that: the nutrient matrix I of described female Miao Yizhi is 10 parts of yellow soils, 5～10 parts of wooden chaffs, 0.5～1 part of stack retting pig manure; Described stack retting pig manure must carry out in August～October, and with 10 parts of pig manures, fused calcium magnesium phosphate mixes for 1 part, covered, sealed with plastic film, and the ditch that begins to rehearse all around in case rainwater soaks, can be used after 30～40 days.
5. the low bar of cutting of the described teak of root a tree name claim 2 urgees to sprout the rapid seedling cultivation method; It is characterized in that: described seedling sorting management method be with female seedling be divided into leading thread less than 0.2cm, footpath bar can not be upright by 2 ranks in strong sprout of pressing seedling and leading thread more than or equal to 0.2cm; Separately put, seeding row spacing is 15cm * 15cm.
6. the low bar of cutting of root a tree name claim 1 or 2 described teaks urgees to sprout the rapid seedling cultivation method; It is characterized in that: the container of described maternal plant plantation is that back cut diameter is that 12～17cm, lower port diameter are that 10～15cm, height are the round plastic basin of 10～15cm; Even several apertures that distribute fill up a collet at the bottom of the basin.
7. the low bar of cutting of the described teak of root a tree name claim 2 is urged to sprout the rapid seedling cultivation method, and it is characterized in that: the plantation nutrient matrix II of described maternal plant plantation is 10 parts of yellow soils, 2～5 parts in haydite sand, 2～5 parts of wooden chaffs, spreads one deck haydite at last more on the whole.
8. the low bar of cutting of the described teak of root a tree name claim 2 urgees to sprout the rapid seedling cultivation method; It is characterized in that: do not shell the plastic containers cup when method of described maternal plant plantation is plantation; It is equal with the container rim of a cup to be covered with nutrient matrix II height after planting, and can not exceed the nutrient matrix I in the cup.
9. the low bar of cutting of the described teak of root a tree name claim 2 is urged to sprout the rapid seedling cultivation method, and it is characterized in that: the short method of sprouting of described cross-term is to block apart from ground 1～5cm place in the maternal plant base portion.
10. the low bar of cutting of root a tree name claim 1 or 2 described teaks is urged to sprout the rapid seedling cultivation method, it is characterized in that: the requirement of described fringe bar collection is the long 6～12cm of branch, and the thick 0.2～0.4cm in base portion footpath has 2～3 joints, and blade turns to be yellow slightly.
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| CN103355084A (en) * | 2013-07-30 | 2013-10-23 | 云南省农业科学院花卉研究所 | Method for promoting sprouting of rosa praelucens seeds |
| CN104782455A (en) * | 2014-01-17 | 2015-07-22 | 广东省农业科学院作物研究所 | Matrix for tobacco axillary bud cutting propagation and application thereof |
| CN104871805A (en) * | 2015-06-18 | 2015-09-02 | 中国林业科学研究院亚热带林业研究所 | Root embedded type cutting propagation method for broad-leaf tree species |
| CN105210786A (en) * | 2015-11-10 | 2016-01-06 | 普洱国康种植产业集团有限责任公司 | A kind of new implantation methods of white poplar (GKT88 poplar) |
| CN105494065A (en) * | 2015-12-30 | 2016-04-20 | 湖南农业大学 | Method for carrying out cutting seedling by Rosa multiflora Thunb seedling clods |
| CN106171784A (en) * | 2016-07-29 | 2016-12-07 | 广西壮族自治区林业科学研究院 | A kind of mulch film is utilized to carry out the method that Tectona grandis L. F. undercut does afforestation |
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| CN108142266A (en) * | 2018-01-15 | 2018-06-12 | 浙江省林业科学研究院 | A kind of Ostrya rehderiana one year old seedling breeding method |
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| CN110637665A (en) * | 2019-11-01 | 2020-01-03 | 湖南农业大学 | Rapid cutting propagation method for citrus limonum |
| CN110881351A (en) * | 2019-11-19 | 2020-03-17 | 湖北省农业科学院中药材研究所 | Planting method of wrinkled papaya |
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| CN103355084A (en) * | 2013-07-30 | 2013-10-23 | 云南省农业科学院花卉研究所 | Method for promoting sprouting of rosa praelucens seeds |
| CN104782455A (en) * | 2014-01-17 | 2015-07-22 | 广东省农业科学院作物研究所 | Matrix for tobacco axillary bud cutting propagation and application thereof |
| CN104871805A (en) * | 2015-06-18 | 2015-09-02 | 中国林业科学研究院亚热带林业研究所 | Root embedded type cutting propagation method for broad-leaf tree species |
| CN105210786A (en) * | 2015-11-10 | 2016-01-06 | 普洱国康种植产业集团有限责任公司 | A kind of new implantation methods of white poplar (GKT88 poplar) |
| CN105494065A (en) * | 2015-12-30 | 2016-04-20 | 湖南农业大学 | Method for carrying out cutting seedling by Rosa multiflora Thunb seedling clods |
| CN106171784A (en) * | 2016-07-29 | 2016-12-07 | 广西壮族自治区林业科学研究院 | A kind of mulch film is utilized to carry out the method that Tectona grandis L. F. undercut does afforestation |
| CN107750687A (en) * | 2017-11-07 | 2018-03-06 | 广西壮族自治区林业科学研究院 | A kind of container seedling culture method bred using Calotropis gigantea branch cutting |
| CN108142266A (en) * | 2018-01-15 | 2018-06-12 | 浙江省林业科学研究院 | A kind of Ostrya rehderiana one year old seedling breeding method |
| CN109006144A (en) * | 2018-08-22 | 2018-12-18 | 澄城县绿营种植农民专业合作社 | The nursery of the drought-enduring nursery stock of loess and quick-breeding method |
| CN110637665A (en) * | 2019-11-01 | 2020-01-03 | 湖南农业大学 | Rapid cutting propagation method for citrus limonum |
| CN110637665B (en) * | 2019-11-01 | 2022-03-25 | 湖南农业大学 | Rapid cutting propagation method for citrus limonum |
| CN110881351A (en) * | 2019-11-19 | 2020-03-17 | 湖北省农业科学院中药材研究所 | Planting method of wrinkled papaya |
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