CN101032400B - 用于确定植入装置位置和获得压力数据的系统和方法 - Google Patents
用于确定植入装置位置和获得压力数据的系统和方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
一种传感头包括多个线圈和针窗。该传感头能够接收由针头目标如患者体内的注射端口发送的RF信号。用户界面被构造成用于为用户视觉显示传感头相对于针头目标的位置和方向的指示。该位置和方向可以根据由传感头中的线圈接收的RF信号来确定。利用根据视觉显示所提供的信息进行定位的传感头,用户可以将针头穿过针窗插入并到达针头目标。传感头还可以接收与植入装置中的流体压力有关的通讯。用户界面还可以显示与植入装置中的流体压力有关的信息。
Description
本申请是2005年2月24日提交的名称为“Device forNon-Invasive Measurement of Fluid Pressure in an AdjustableRestriction Device”、序列号为11/065,410的在前共同待审的美国非临时申请的继续申请,该申请的公开内容通过引用并入本文。
技术领域
本发明的实施方式总的涉及可植入限制装置,尤其是填充流体的限制装置。本发明的实施方式还涉及用于治疗病态肥胖的食物摄取限制装置。
背景技术
已经做出和使用了多种装置和方法来治疗肥胖,包括但不限于可调节胃束带。在2000年5月30日授权的名称为“Mechanical FoodIntake Restriction Device”的USP No.6,067,991中公开了这种可调节胃束带的一个例子,该专利通过引用并入本文。就可调节胃束带系统是以流体为基础来说,本领域普通技术人员应当理解,获取指示胃束带系统中流体压力的数据将是有利的。利用植入到胃腔中或其他地方的流体填充组件可以获得类似的优点。此压力数据可以在压力调节之前、之中和/或之后获得,并且对于调节、诊断、监控或其他目的是有用的。前述例子仅仅是说明性的,而非穷举性的。虽然已经使用了各种技术和方法来治疗肥胖,但是本发明人相信在此之前还没有人已经做出和使用过如所附的权利要求所述的发明。
发明内容
一方面,一种传感头系统包括壳体、多个正交线圈、针窗和用户界面。多个正交线圈包括多个水平线圈和多个垂直线圈。多个正交线圈被构造成用于接收由RF能量源发送的RF信号。多个正交线圈位于所述壳体内。针窗形成于所述壳体中,并且被构造成用于接收注射器针头。用户界面与所述多个正交线圈通讯,并且被构造成用于为用户提供关于针窗相对于患者体内针头目标的位置的指示。指示针窗相对于针头目标的位置的数据使用所述多个水平线圈来获得。
另一方面,一种用于定位针头和获得压力数据的系统包括传感头以及与传感头通讯的显示装置。传感头包括壳体,位于所述壳体内的多个接收线圈,穿过所述壳体形成的针窗,以及遥测线圈。多个接收线圈能够接收由RF能量源发送的RF信号。针窗被构造成用于接收针头。遥测线圈被构造成用于接收由压力传感器获得的压力数据的,所述压力传感器被构造成用于传感患者体内的流体压力。显示装置被构造成用于为用户提供关于针窗在针头目标上的位置的指示。指示针窗在针头目标上的位置的数据使用所述多个接收线圈来获得。显示装置还被构造成用于处理所述压力数据。
另一方面,一种用于选择针头插入患者体内的位置的方法包括提供传感头。传感头包括壳体、多个接收线圈以及穿过壳体形成的针窗。多个接收线圈能够接收由RF能量源发送的RF信号。该线圈位于所述壳体内。针窗被构造成用于接收针头。该方法还包括将所述传感头放置到患者附近。患者具有植入的限制系统,该植入的限制系统包括注射端口、限制装置、流体和压力传感器。注射端口包括一个或者多个遥测线圈。该一个或者多个线圈中的至少一个是RF能量源。限制装置能够在患者体内可调节地形成限制。流体位于所述注射端口中以及所述限制装置中。压力传感器能够捕获指示流体压力的数据。该方法还包括将所述传感头基本上定位在所述注射端口的上方。将所述传感头定位在所述注射端口的上方的动作包括监视由所述多个接收线圈接收的RF信号以确定所述传感头相对于所述注射端口的位置。该方法还包括将针头穿过所述针窗插入到所述注射端口内。
本发明具体涉及:
(1)一种传感头系统,包括:
(a)壳体;
(b)多个正交线圈,所述多个正交线圈包括:
(i)多个水平线圈,以及
(ii)多个垂直线圈,
其中所述多个正交线圈被构造成用于接收由RF能量源发送的RF信号,所述多个正交线圈位于所述壳体内;
(c)形成于所述壳体中的针窗,其中所述针窗被构造成用于收纳注射器针头;以及
(d)与所述多个正交线圈通讯的用户界面,其中所述用户界面被构造成用于为用户提供关于针窗相对于患者体内针头目标的位置的指示,其中使用所述多个水平线圈来获得指示针窗相对于针头目标的位置的数据。
(2)根据第(1)项所述的传感头系统,其中,所述壳体基本上为三角形,其中每个所述水平线圈基本上位于所述三角形的每个角处,并且每个所述垂直线圈基本上位于所述三角形的每个角处。
(3)根据第(2)项所述的传感头系统,其中,每个所述垂直线圈位于对应的一个水平线圈中。
(4)根据第(1)项所述的传感头系统,其中,所述多个正交线圈位于一装置中,其中所述针窗位于所述装置的中心。
(5)根据第(1)项所述的传感头系统,其中,所述用户界面包括多个LED。
(6)根据第(1)项所述的传感头系统,其中,所述用户界面包括显示装置,所述显示装置能够提供在视觉上指示用户针窗相对于针头目标的位置的图形显示。
(7)根据第(6)项所述的传感头系统,其中,所述图形显示包括箭头和十字准线,其中所述箭头的尖端表示所述针窗,所述十字准线的中心表示所述针头目标。
(8)根据第(1)项所述的传感头系统,其中,所述用户界面还被构造成用于为用户提供关于壳体相对于针头目标的方向的指示,并且使用所述多个垂直线圈来获得指示壳体相对于针头目标的方向的数据。
(9)根据第(1)项所述的传感头系统,其中,所述针头目标包括注射端口。
(10)根据第(9)项所述的传感头系统,其中,所述注射端口与可植入的限制装置连通,其中所述可植入的限制装置可操作,以使用流体压力在患者体内形成限制。
(11)根据第(10)项所述的传感头系统,其中,所述注射端口包括压力传感器,所述压力传感器被构造成用于感测所述可植入的限制装置中的流体压力。
(12)根据第(11)项所述的传感头系统,其中,所述注射端口还包括与所述压力传感器通讯的遥测线圈,其中所述遥测线圈被构造成用于发送包括压力数据的信号,所述压力数据由所述压力传感器获得。
(13)根据第(12)项所述的传感头系统,还包括位于所述壳体内的遥测线圈,其中所述遥测线圈被构造成用于从所述注射端口的遥测线圈接收压力数据信号。
(14)根据第(1)项所述的传感头系统,其中,所述针头目标包括线圈,所述线圈是所述RF能量源。
(15)一种用于定位针头和获得压力数据的系统,所述系统包括:
(a)传感头,其中所述传感头包括:
(i)壳体,
(ii)多个接收线圈,其可操作以接收由RF能量源发送的RF信号,其中所述线圈位于所述壳体内,
(iii)穿过所述壳体形成的针窗,其中所述针窗被构造成用于接收针头,以及
(iv)被构造成用于接收由压力传感器获得的压力数据的遥测线圈,所述压力传感器被构造成用于感测患者体内的流体压力;以及
(b)与所述传感头通讯的显示装置,其中所述显示装置被构造成用于为用户提供关于针窗在针头目标上的位置的指示,其中使用所述多个接收线圈来获得指示针窗在针头目标上的位置的数据,其中所述显示装置还被构造成用于处理所述压力数据。
(16)据第(15)项所述的系统,还包括限制系统,所述限制系统包括:
(i)用于植入到患者体内以便在患者体内形成限制的限制装置,
(ii)与所述限制装置流体连通的植入端口,其中所述端口被构造成用于从穿过所述传感头的针窗的针头接收流体,所述端口还被构造成用于由针头从所述端口中取出流体,所述端口包括所述针头目标,以及
(iii)流体,其中所述流体位于所述限制装置中以及位于植入端口中,所述压力传感器被构造成用于感测所述流体的压力。
(17)根据第(15)项所述的系统,其中,所述显示装置还被构造成用于为用户提供关于壳体相对于针头目标的方向的指示,并且使用所述多个接收线圈来获得指示壳体相对于针头目标的方向的数据。
(18)根据第(17)项所述的系统,其中,所述显示装置还被构造成用于显示压力数据的视觉表示。
(19)一种用于选择针头插入患者体内的位置的方法,所述方法包括:
(a)提供传感头,其中所述传感头包括:
(i)壳体,
(ii)多个接收线圈,其可操作以接收由RF能量源发送的RF信号,其中所述线圈位于所述壳体内,以及
(iii)穿过所述壳体形成的针窗,其中所述针窗被构造成用于接收针头,以及
(b)将所述传感头放置到患者附近,其中患者具有植入的限制系统,所述植入的限制系统包括:
(i)注射端口,其中所述注射端口包括一个或者多个遥测线圈,所述一个或者多个线圈中的至少一个是RF能量源,
(ii)限制装置,其可操作以在患者体内可调节地形成限制,
(iii)流体,其中所述流体位于所述注射端口中以及位于所述限制装置中,
(iv)能够捕获指示流体压力的数据的压力传感器;
(c)将所述传感头基本上定位在所述注射端口的上方,其中将所述传感头定位在所述注射端口的上方的动作包括监视由所述多个接收线圈接收的RF信号,以确定所述传感头相对于所述注射端口的位置;以及
(d)将针头穿过所述针窗插入到所述注射端口内。
(20)根据第(19)项所述的方法,还包括获得由所述压力传感器捕获的压力数据,其中所述压力数据通过所述传感头获得。
通过阅读下面的说明书,本发明的其他实施例、特征、方面、实施方式以及优点对于本领域普通技术人员来说将变得显而易见,下面的说明书通过说明的方式包括用于实施本发明的一个最佳模式。将会理解,本发明能够具有不会背离本发明的其他不同的和明显的方面。因此,附图和说明书在本质上应当被认为是说明性的而非限制性的。
附图说明
虽然说明书后附了具体指出和明确要求保护本发明的权利要求,但是相信通过下面结合附图对一些实施例所作的描述将会更清楚地理解本发明,附图中相同的附图标记表示相同的元件,并且其中:
图1是一种示例性的食物摄取限制装置的示意性示出;
图2是用于图1中食物摄取限制装置的一种示例性的可植入部分的更详细的透视图;
图3是图2中可调节胃束带的透视图,显示了带位于患者的胃-食管连接部的周围;
图4是图2中可调节胃束带的横截面图,以收缩结构显示;
图5是图2中可调节胃束带的横截面图,以膨胀结构显示以建立食物摄取限制;
图6是图2中显示的注射端口的侧面部分横截面图;
图7是图6中显示的保持盖的立体图;
图8是图6中显示的压力传感器的立体图;
图9是示出一种示例性的压力传感系统的侧面横截面图;
图10是图9中的压力传感系统的变阻电路的简化示意图;
图11是另一种示例性的压力传感系统的侧面横截面图;
图12是表示与图9和图11中的压力传感系统相连的压力检测系统的框图;
图13是另一种示例性的压力传感器系统的侧面横截面图;
图14是表示与图13中的压力传感系统相连的压力检测系统的框图;
图15是另一种示例性的压力传感系统的侧面横截面图;
图16是另一种示例性的压力传感系统的侧面横截面图;
图17是表示与图15和图16中的压力传感系统相连的压力检测系统的框图;
图18是表示来自压力传感系统的压力信号的图标,例如在用户询问时可以显示在外部的监控显示器上;
图19是另一种示例性的压力传感系统的侧面横截面图;
图20是另一种示例性的压力传感系统的侧面横截面图;
图21是另一种示例性的压力传感系统的透视横截面图;
图22是一种示例性的传感头的透视图;
图23是图22中的传感头的平面图;
图24是图23中的传感头沿线24-24获取的侧面横截面图;
图25是图23中的传感头沿线25-25获取的侧面横截面图;
图26是另一种示例性的传感头的平面图;
图27是适合与图22中的传感头联接的一种示例性显示装置的透视图;
图28是适用于图27中的显示装置的一种示例性的图像显示器;
图29是图28中的图像显示器,指示了图22中的传感头的合适的定位;
图30是带有压力传感器和显示装置的一种示例性注射器系统的透视分解图;
图31是图32中的注射器系统的压力传感部分的横截面图;
图32是适合与图30中的注射器系统一起使用的一种示例性红外通讯器的透视图;
图33是适合与图30中的注射器系统一起使用的一种示例性RF通讯器的透视图;
图34是另一种示例性的压力传感注射器系统的示意图;
图35是图34中的压力传感注射器系统的可重复使用的传感部分的透视图;
图36是图34中的压力传感注射器系统的一次性盖子部分的局部透视图;
图37是带有压力传感器的另一种注射器的透视分解图;
图38是带有位于胃束带处的压力传感器的胃束带系统的透视图;
图39是带有位于导管内的压力传感器的胃束带系统的透视图;
图40是带有沿导管定位的压力传感器的胃束带系统的透视图;
图41是带有沿导管定位的可拆卸压力传感器的胃束带系统的示意图;
图42是带有压力传感器和另一种导管结构的胃束带系统的示意图;以及
图43是带有位于胃束带带扣处的压力传感器的胃束带系统的透视图。
具体实施方式
下面对本发明一些实施例的描述不应当用于限制本发明的范围。对于本领域技术人员来说,本发明的其他实施例、特征、方面、实施方式以及优点将通过下面的描述变的显而易见,下面的描述是说明性的,是考虑用于实施本发明的最佳方式中的一种。将会了解,本发明可以是其他不同的和明显的方面,所有这些都不背离本发明。因此,附图和说明书在本质上应当被认为是说明性的而非限制性的。
现在具体参考附图,其中在所有视图中相同的数字表示相同的元件,图1示出了一种食物摄取限制系统30。该系统30包括植入到患者34体内的都以32表示的第一部分,以及位于患者外部的都以36表示的第二部分。植入部分32包括位于患者的胃40的上部的可调节胃束带38。可调节胃束带38可以包括由硅橡胶或者其他类型的生物兼容材料制成的腔,该腔在充满流体时向内朝着胃40膨胀。可替换地,带38可以包括具有在带调节时会出现压力变化的流体腔的机械式可调节装置,或者组合液压/机械式可调节带。将在下面作更具体描述的注射端口42植入到身体部分,适合于针头注射和/或遥测通讯信号。在所示的实施方式中,注射端口42与可调节带38通过导管44流体连通。外科医生可以将注射端口42定位并永久植入到患者体内,以执行食物摄取限制或者胃吻合口(stoma)的调节。本领域技术人员应当理解,用于放置胃束带系统如可植入部分32的外科手术方法近年来发展很快,因此患者可以得到并发症最小化的最优治疗效果。例如,外科医生通常将注射端口42植入到患者腹部皮下和脂肪组织层下的横向的肋下区域。外科医生还可以将注射端口42植入到患者的胸骨上。
图2更详细地示出了一种示例性的可调节胃束带。在此实施方式中,带38包括可变容积腔46,该腔46相对胃的外壁膨胀或收缩以形成可调节胃吻合口,用于可控地限制摄入到胃中的食物。医师可以通过向可变容积腔46中增加流体来减小胃吻合口的尺寸,或者作为选择,可以通过从腔中取出流体来增加胃吻合口的尺寸。流体可以通过将针头插入到注射端口42中来增加或取出。作为替换,流体可以使用遥测命令信号以非侵入性方式在带38与注射端口42之间转移。流体可以是但不限于百分之0.9的生理盐水。
图3显示施加到患者的胃-食道连接部周围的图2中的可调节胃束带38。如图3所示,带38至少基本上围住了胃40的靠近与食道48的连接部的上部。图4是带38的截面图,显示了处于收缩结构的带。在此视图中,带38几乎不含有流体,从而使得通向胃40的胃吻合口的尺寸最大。图5是带38和胃40的横截面图,类似于图4,显示了处于膨胀的充满流体结构的带38。在此视图中,带38对胃40的压力由于带中的流体而增加,从而减小了胃吻合口以建立食物摄取限制。图5还示意性地示出了带38上方食道48的膨胀,以形成位于患者膈肌52下面的上袋50。
现在回到图1,食物限制系统30的外部36包括电连接(在此实施方式中通过电缆组件62)到控制盒64的压力读取装置60。控制盒64包括显示器66,一个或多个控制开关68以及外部控制模块,其将在下面作进一步详细解释。控制盒64可以被构造成,例如,用在医生的办公室内或者检查室内。安装控制盒64的一些方法包括放置到桌面上,连接到检查台上,或者悬挂到便携式立柱上。控制盒64还可以被构造成装在医生的实验外套口袋内,手拿,或者放置到检查台或者活动的患者身上。电缆组件62可以可拆卸地连接到控制盒64或者压力读取装置60,以方便清洁、维护、使用和存放系统30的外部36。压力读取装置60非侵入性地检测植入部分32内的流体压力,即使当注射端口42植入在厚的(至少超过10厘米)皮下脂肪组织下面。医生可以将压力读取装置60靠在患者体内的注射端口42位置附近的患者皮肤上,观察在控制盒64的显示器66上读取的压力。压力读取装置60,例如在延长的检查期间,还可以使用皮带、黏结剂和其他公知方法可拆卸地连接到患者。压力读取装置60通过传统的布的或者纸的手术巾操作,并且还可以包括可以为每个患者更换的一次性遮盖物(未图示)。
现在回到图6,其显示了注射端口42的侧面局部截面图,该注射端口42含有压力传感系统用于非侵入性检测植入部分32内的流体压力。如图6所示,注射端口42包括硬的外壳70,该外壳70具有环形凸缘72,该环形凸缘72含有多个连接孔74用于将注射端口紧固到患者体内的组织上。外科医生可以使用包括缝线、钉子和夹子的多种外科紧固件中的任意一种将注射端口42连接到组织上,例如覆盖腹肌的肌膜上。注射端口42还包括通常由硅橡胶制成并压缩地保持在外壳70中的隔膜76。隔膜76可以由Huber针或者类似类型的注射器械穿透,用于向注射端口中增加或者从注射端口中取出流体。隔膜76在取出注射器针头时自动密封以保持注射端口42内的流体容积。注射端口42还包括贮液池80,用于保持工作流体和导管接头82。接头82连接到导管44,如图2所示,以便在注射端口42内侧的贮液池80与可调节带38的腔46之间形成封闭的液压回路。来自贮液池80的流体可以用于扩张带腔46的容积。可选择地,流体可以从腔46中取出并保持在贮液池80中,以便暂时减小腔46的容积。外壳70和接头82可以由生物兼容聚合物整体铸造,或者由金属如钛或不锈钢制造。
压力传感系统设置在注射端口42中以检测植入部分32的封闭液压回路中的流体压力。回路中的压力对应由可调节带38作用到患者胃部的限制程度。因此,检测流体压力使得医生能够评估通过手调节建立的限制。流体压力可以在调节之前、之中和/或之后检测,以验证带被适当调节。在图6所示的实施方式中,压力传感系统包括位于外壳70内的贮液池80底部的传感器84。保持盖86在压力传感器84上方延伸,以基本上将传感器表面与贮液池80分离开,并保护传感器不被针头穿入。保持盖86可以由陶瓷材料制造,例如氧化铝,其能够抵抗针头的穿入并且不会干扰压力传感器84与压力读取装置60之间的电子通讯。保持盖86包括出口90,允许贮液池80内的流体流向并冲击压力传感器84的表面。
图7是保持盖86的立体图,示出了位于盖底面上的出口90。图8是压力传感器84的外部立体图。如图8所示,压力传感器84的外部包括具有可变形表面的应变元件。在所示的实施方式中,应变元件是膜片92。膜片92可以通过将钛贮液池80中的壁的一部分变薄来形成。膜片92可以由钛或其他类似金属制成,并具有在0.001”和0.002”之间的厚度。虽然该实施方式显示了膜片作为应变元件,但是本发明还可以使用将流体压力转换成机械位移的其他应变元件来构造和实践。其他合适的应变元件的例子包括但不限于波登管(Bourdon tube)和波纹管(bellows)组件。压力传感器84气密性地密封在外壳94内,以防止流体渗透和影响传感器的操作。外壳94对于注射端口外壳70密封,以防止注射端口42中的流体损耗。膜片92对于传感器外壳94气密性地密封,以防止流体经过膜片的边缘周围而进入到传感系统的内部组件中。当流体流过贮液池80中的出口90时,流体冲击膜片92的表面。流过出口90的流体使得膜片92对液压回路中的流体压力的变化作出反应,并将该压力变化转换成机械位移。
图9是沿图8中的线A-A获取的压力传感器84的侧面截面图,示出了用于测量流体压力的第一实施方式88。在图9所示的实施方式中,膜片92的机械位移通过一对变阻器、硅应变计96、98转换成电信号。应变计96、98在与贮液池80中的工作流体相反的侧面连接到膜片92。应变计96连接到膜片92的中心部分,以测量膜片的位移。第二匹配应变计98连接到膜片92的外边缘附近。应变计96、98可以通过黏结剂连接到膜片92,或者可以熔接到膜片结构中。当带38中的流体压力改变时,膜片92的表面在外壳94的表面内向上或向下变形。膜片92的这种变形产生中心应变计96中的阻力变化。
如图10所示,应变计96、98形成惠斯通电桥电路100顶部的两个半补偿(half-compensated)电阻元件。当应变计96对膜片92的机械变形起反应时,该应变计的变化电阻将改变电桥电路顶部的电势改变。应变计98匹配应变计96,并使惠斯通电桥电路绝热。差分放大器102、104连接到电桥电路100,以检测电桥电路中由于变阻应变计导致的电势的变化。具体而言,差分放大器102检测整个电桥电路上的电压,差分放大器104则检测半个电桥电路100的应变计上的电压。对于固定电压的电桥来说,应变计电压之间的差值越大,压力差也就越大。如果需要,还可以使用全补偿惠斯通电桥电路以增加压力传感系统的灵敏度和准确度。在全补偿电桥电路中,四个应变计连接到膜片92的表面,而不是图9所示的仅仅两个应变计。
来自差分放大器102、104的外部信号提供给微控制器106。微控制器106集成到外壳94内部的线路板110中。温度传感器112检测植入的注射端口的温度并将温度信号输入给微控制器106。微控制器106使用来自传感器112的温度信号来补偿没有被应变计98所考虑的体温变化和残留温度误差。补偿体温变化的压力检测信号增加了压力传感系统的准确度。另外,TET/遥测线圈114放置在外壳94内。线圈114连接到电容器116以形成用于从外部36接收能量的调谐储能电路,并将压力检测值传递给压力读取装置60。
图11是类似于图9的侧面截面图,显示了用于本发明压力传感系统的第二实施方式118。在第二实施方式118中,MEMS传感器120设置在外壳94中,以检测膜片92的机械变形和产生与可调节带38中的压力成比例的电信号。在膜片92与MEMS传感器120之间提供密封的硅油腔122。油腔122保护MEMS传感器120,并将膜片92的机械位移传递给传感器。MEMS传感器120将指示贮液池80中流体压力的电信号输出给微控制器106。微控制器106输入来自MEMS传感器120的信号和来自温度传感器112的温度信号,并计算压力检测值。使用遥测信号将压力检测值发送给外部36中的压力读取装置60,这将在下面作更详细说明。
图12是用于本发明第一和第二实施方式88、118的压力检测系统的框图。如图12所示,系统的外部控制模块126包括主TET线圈130,用于将电源信号发送给通常以132表示的内部控制模块。主TET线圈130位于图1所示的压力读取装置60中。TET驱动电路134控制向主TET线圈130提供电源信号。TET驱动电路134通过具有相连的存储器138的微处理器136控制。图形用户界面140连接到微处理器136,用于控制在显示器66上显示的数据。外部控制模块126还包括主遥测收发器142,用于向植入控制模块132发送询问命令以及从植入控制模块132接收响应数据包括流体压力读取值。主收发器142电连接到微处理器136,用于输入和接收命令和数据信号。主收发器142以选定的RF通讯频率振荡,以产生向植入控制模块132发送命令数据的下行交变磁场146。电源150向外部控制模块126供应能量,以便为系统30供电。环境压力传感器152连接到微处理器136。微处理器136使用来自环境压力传感器152的信号来调节压力读取值,用于由于大气压力状况或海拔高度变化引起的大气压力的变化,以便增加压力检测的准确度。
图12还示出了植入到患者皮肤154下面的内部控制模块132。内部控制模块132位于注射端口42的外壳94内。如图12所示,内部控制模块132中的副TET/遥测线圈156从外部控制模块126接收电能和通讯信号。线圈156形成与八个主TET线圈130电感耦合的调谐储能电路,为植入元件或主遥测线圈144供电以接收和发送数据。遥测收发器158利用线圈156控制数据交换。另外,内部控制模块132包括整流/功率调节器160,上述的微控制器106,与微控制器相连的存储器162,温度传感器112,压力传感器84以及用于放大来自压力传感器的信号的信号调节电路164。内部控制模块132将来自压力传感器84的经过温度调节的压力检测值发送给外部控制模块126。在外部模块126中,接收的压力检测信号针对环境压力的变化进行调节并显示到显示器66上。
图13是显示根据本发明用于检测流体压力的第三实施方式170的侧面截面图。在第三实施方式170中,内部控制模块132由内部电源如例如电池172供电。电池172代替主和副TET线圈130、156用于向微控制器106以及其他内部组件供电。在此实施方式中,压力传感系统包括如同第一实施方式88中的一对应变计96、98,用于检测对应于带38中压力变化的膜片92的机械变形。应变计96、98组合到平衡的热补偿电桥电路中,用于检测植入元件的闭合流路中的压力差。
图14是根据图13中所示的第三实施方式170的本发明压力检测系统的框图。在实施方式170中,使用内部电源向内部控制模块176供电,而不是如第一实施方式中的TET电源系统。植入部分32的电源是电池172,而不是图12中所示的TET主线圈130和副线圈156。在图14所示的实施方式中,植入的副线圈156仅仅用于内部和外部控制模块之间的数据通讯。提供功率调节器174来控制来自电池172的电能,以便保护和延长电池的使用寿命。
图15示出了用于检测可调节带38中的流体压力的第四实施方式180,其中使用被动系统来检测工作流体中的压力变化。在第四实施方式180中,可变电容器182连接到膜片92,以检测膜片的机械变形。可变电容器182包括在与贮液池80相反一侧连接到膜片92中心附近的第一板184。第二电容器板186通过电容器支架188固定在外壳94中。每个电容器板184、186连接到电感线圈190,如图192所示,以形成振荡电路。当贮液池80中的流体压力由于例如对带38的蠕动压力的变化而增加或减小时,电容器板184的位置会随着膜片92的变形而改变。当流体压力增加时,膜片92推动第一电容器板184靠近第二电容器板186,从而增加电容和减小振荡频率。类似地,当闭合植入电路中的液压减小时,第一电容器板184与膜片92一起朝远离第二板186的方向移动,从而减小振荡电路中的电容并增加振荡频率。
图16显示了根据本发明用于检测流体压力的第五实施方式196。第五实施方式196是被动压力传感系统的替换实施方式,其中可变电感线圈200将膜片92的机械变形转换成压力检测信号。如图16所示,电感线圈200是间隔在膜片92下面的平线圈。固定电容器202连接到电感线圈200,如线204所示,以形成LC振荡电路206。当膜片92响应工作流体中的压力变化而向上或向下变形时,线圈200的电感改变。当流体压力增加时,膜片92朝线圈200方向变形,从而由于金属膜片与线圈之间的涡流耦合度(eddy currentcoupling)而减小线圈200的电感。相反,当流体压力减小时,膜片92变形而远离线圈200,从而减小涡流耦合度并增加线圈的电感。因此,线圈200的电感与工作流体的压力成反比。当线圈200的电感改变时,LC电路206的振荡频率也改变。
图17是用于本发明第四和第五实施方式180、196的压力检测系统的框图。在此系统中,微处理器136控制电感线圈电路208和电感线圈210。微处理器136改变电感线圈210的频率,以使线圈与植入部分32中的LC电路206电磁耦合,如线212所示。内部和外部线圈耦合的频率将随着植入的LC电路206的振荡频率而改变。植入的LC电路的振荡频率将随着带38中的流体压力而改变。振荡频率的变化由微处理器136通过感应线圈电路208检测。一旦检测到,振荡频率就会指定频率的已知压力相比较以确定带38中的流体压力。外部模块214中的图形用户界面140将检测的流体压力显示在显示器66上。
图18是来自本发明压力传感系统的压力信号216的图形表达,如可以在用户询问期间显示在显示器66上。在图18所示的实施例中,在患者稳定时,流体压力最初由压力读取装置60检测,得到所示的稳定的压力读取值。接下来,对带38进行调节以减小胃吻合口的尺寸。在带调节期间,压力传感系统连续检测流体压力并将压力读取值通过患者皮肤发送给装置60。如图18中的图形所示,压力读取值随着带的调节而稍微增大。在所示的实施例中,然后要求患者喝点液体来检查调节的准确性。在患者喝的时候,压力传感系统连续检测由于喝下液体的蠕动压力而产生的压力峰值,并将压力读取值发送给外部模块36进行显示。通过在调节期间和之后检测和直观刻画限制装置对胃蠕动的加载,本发明为医生提供了患者响应调节的准确、实时的视觉效果。记录的压力数据的这种即时、主动的显示使得医生能够执行更准确的带调节。数据可以在整个过程中显示以提供压力-时间历史记录。
除了在调节期间使用之外,本发明的压力传感系统还可以在治疗的各个阶段用来检测限制装置中的压力变化。周期性压力读取值使得压力传感系统能够起到诊断工具的作用,以确保食物摄取限制装置有效工作。具体而言,压力传感系统可以用来检测指示流体泄漏的带中无压力状况。作为选择,该系统可以用来检测带中的过压力峰值,指示食道44痉挛或者胃吻合口阻塞。
本发明的压力传感系统还能够使患者利用外部监视器如外部装置36在家中进行自我治疗。使用外部装置,患者可以定期将压力读取值发送给他们的医生办公室,从而减少了监视患者治疗所需的访问办公室的次数。另外,患者可以在家中进行压力读取,并在带压力下降到特定基准线以下或者超过阈值时通过他们的医生,这表示需要对装置进行调节。因此,本发明的压力传感系统在患者利用肥胖治疗装置进行治疗期间作为诊断和监视工具都有好处。
适合于结合到注射端口42中的其他可替换的传感系统1088、1188显示于图19-20中。这些压力传感系统1088、1188每个都包括上部组件1092和外壳94。在使用上述的压力传感系统实施方式88、118、170、180、196时,压力传感系统1088、1188可以定位在注射端口42的保持盖86的下面。可选择地,上部组件1092可以与保持盖86集成在一起,使得上部组件1092提供保持盖86或贮液池80的底部。其他合适的结构对于本领域普通技术人员来说将是显而易见的。在该实施例中,上部组件1092与注射端口42中的流体流体连通,使得该流体的压力能够作用到上部组件1092上。这些压力传感系统1088、1188每个还包括微控制器106、TET/遥测线圈114和电容器116。这些压力传感系统1088每个还包括温度传感器(未图示)。微控制器106、TET/遥测线圈114和电容器116的结构和功能可以类似于上述这些组件106、114、116的结构和功能。
在图19所示的压力传感系统1088的实施方式中,流体进出口1094设置在上部组件1092中,并与压力传感器1120流体连通。气密的密封件1122将压力传感器1120固定到上部组件1092的底部。压力传感器1120被构造成传感上部组件1092附近的流体的压力,该流体通过流体进出口1094与压力传感器1120连通。压力传感器1120还与微控制器106通讯,使得使用压力传感器1120获得的压力检测值可以发送到外部遥测装置,或者通过微控制器106并然后经过线圈114发送给外部遥测装置。
在图20所示的压力传感系统1188的实施方式中,具有罐状结构的压力传感器1180位于上部组件1092内,并且突出于上部组件1092上方。压力传感器1180具有用作膜片的金属盖1182,并且气密地密封。压力传感器1180和/或盖1182还可以相对于临近的电感和/或电子元件气密地密封以提供电隔离。类似于压力传感器1120、压力传感器1180被构造成传感临近上部组件1092的流体的压力。类似地,压力传感器1180还与微控制器106通讯,使得使用压力传感器1180获得的压力检测值发送给外部遥测装置,或者通过微控制器106且然后经过线圈114发送给外部遥测装置。应当理解,压力传感器1180还可以包括硅油或凝胶以促进自盖1182传递压力的均匀性,以方便压力传感器1180的电隔离,或者用于其他目的。可选择地,可以使用硅油或凝胶的任何替代物,或者整个被省略。
图21显示了另一种示例性端口1142。该实施例的端口1142包括固定到下部外壳1172的上部外壳1170。端口1142还包括隔膜76和保持器1176。保持器1176固定到上部外壳1170,并被构造成保持隔膜76。端口1142还包括贮液池80以及与贮液池80流体连通的导管接头82。板1178位于贮液池80的底部,并具有贯穿该板1178形成的多个出口90。压力检测腔1188位于板1178的下面,并与贮液池80通过出口90流体连通。压力传感器1190位于压力检测腔1188内,可以操作来检测端口1142中的流体压力。
在一种实施方式中,每个压力传感器1120、1180、1190包括由乔治亚州亚特兰大的CardioMEMS公司提供的无线压力传感器,但也可以从其他渠道获得合适的MEMS压力传感器。在一种实施例中,MEMS压力传感器1190包括USP No.6,855,115中描述的压力传感器,该专利的公开内容通过引用并入本文且仅用于描述的目的。在该实施例中,每个压力传感器1120、1180、1190被构造成将压力数据无线发送给外部遥测装置。在另一种实施方式中,每个压力传感器1120、1180、1190包括硅染料(silicon dye)。当然,可以使用其他任何类型的压力传感器。出于需要或者其他方面的需求考虑,图21中所示的端口1142还可以包括任何附加组件,包括但不限于TET/遥测线圈、电容器、微控制器、电池等等(未图示)。其他一些变例对于本领域普通技术人员而言将是显而易见的。
图22-25显示了一种示例性的传感头300,该传感头可以操作从外部传感端口42、1142的位置和方向。该实施例的传感头300包括针窗(needle window)302,一套水平线圈304,一套垂直线圈306,TET线圈(未图示),以及线缆310。TET线圈缠绕在基本上为三角形线轴(未图示)的周围,但也可以使用任何其他的结构。在该实施例中,TET线圈以50kHz的振荡频率与低ESR电容器并联调谐,以形成并联调谐储能电路。端口42的线圈114与电容器串联调谐,使得在50kHz的振荡频率下振荡阻抗最小。在TET线圈上使用5W的输入功率,线圈114可以传递大约10mW的功率。当然,可以使用任何其他的结构和参数。
传感头300的每个垂直线圈306垂直设置在对应的水平线圈304中。虽然显示了三个水平线圈304和三个垂直线圈306,但是可以认识到可以使用任何合适数量的线圈304、306。另外,虽然显示的线圈304、306基本上为三角形配置,但是可以认识到可以使用其他任何合适的配置或者结构。电缆310与线圈304、306通讯,并且还与显示装置350通讯,这将在下面作更详细描述。当然,传感头300可以通过电线、无线或其他方式与任何其他外部装置通讯。
该实施例的传感头300被构造成与注射端口通讯,如仅仅作为例子的注射端口42。应当理解,传感头300可以与任何其他注射端口或装置通讯,包括但不限于这里描述的可选择的端口及其变例。然而,在阅读这里的描述之后将会理解,使用某些实施方式,端口中金属的类型或者数量可能会对端口和/或传感头300的操作产生负面影响。例如,这种影响可以是不良的涡流,如果这种涡流达到了不需要的程度。就金属端口外壳产生不良结果来说,应当理解,线圈114可以位于该金属的外面并气密地电线连接到压力传感器87或者其他端口组件。然而,这种手段对于该实施例的端口42来说并不需要。
在该实施例中,传感头300可以用来通过TET线圈向端口42供电。传感头300还可以用来检测端口42的位置和方向,这将在后面作更详细描述。此外,传感头300可以用来以上述的压力读取装置60类似的方式接收由端口42发送的压力数据和其他数据。虽然位置、方向以及与压力有关的通讯将在下面作更详细的描述,但是本领域普通技术人员应当理解任何其他类型的信息可以通过任何其他的合适方式在端口42与传感头300之间进行发送。
在一种示例性的使用中,传感头300被置于患者34附近,通常位于端口42附近的区域。如下面将要更详细描述的,传感头300可以用来检测端口42的位置和方向,从而允许用户将传感头300放置在端口42的正上方或者充分靠近端口42。当传感头300如此放置时,用户可以将注射器400的针头430穿过传感头300的导针器302并一次性抵达端口42的隔膜。用户然后可以使用注射器400来调节植入部分32中的流体压力。
在传感头300被置于初始位置时,水平线圈304被构造成传感由端口42中的线圈114所提供的RF信号。应当理解,此RF信号的特征可以作为传感头300相对于端口42的位置的函数进行改变。显示装置350可以从每个水平线圈304接收该RF信号的指示,并且可以通过能够比较在每个水平线圈304处拾取的信号的逻辑元件来处理这些信号。传感头300然后可以通过三角测量来确定端口42的位置。例如,当传感头300位于端口42正上方时,接收的三个信号可以具有大约相等的幅值以及大约为零的相移。然而,应当理解,定位传感头300以使得在每个水平线圈304处测得的RF信号相对于在其他水平线圈304处测得的RF信号具有相等的幅值和零相移或许是不可能的。因此,传感头300可以在患者34附近移动,直到在水平线圈304处测得的RF信号的幅值和相位之间的差值达到最小。
如将在下面更详细描述的,显示装置350还可以包括逻辑元件,该逻辑元件能够为用户提供指示传感头300和端口42的相对位置的视觉指示,并且当传感头300位于端口42正上方时还提供特殊指示。
传感头300还可以包括可用于视觉显示位置信息的特征。在该实施例中,传感头300包括排列成“加号”状结构的多个LED 312。LED 312可以为用户提供关于传感头300和端口42相对位置的视觉指示。具体而言,发光的LED 312可以表示端口42相对于传感头300的位置。例如,如果传感头300需要向下和向右移动以便定位在端口42正上方时,最右边和最下边的LED 312可以发光。当传感头300移动到靠近端口42正上方时,LED可以提供反馈,指示传感头300移动的接近程度,直到中心LED 312发光以指示传感头300大致位于端口42上。当中心LED 312发光时,用户然后可以参照显示装置350来进一步调节传感头300的位置,这将在下面作更详细描述。就使用LED 312来说,LED 312可以排列成任何合适的结构而不是“加号”。这种可选择的结构可以包括直角坐标形式、极坐标形式、数字形式或任何其他类型的形式。仅仅通过例子的方式,可以使用星或罗经盘结构。在另一种实施方式中,提供LED 312阵列,用于以箭头指示方向的形式选择发光。箭头的长度还可以改变以指示距离。还将认识到,可以使用附加的LED 312来增加由LED 312指示的距离和/或方向的空间精度。当然,可以使用LED 312的任何合适的替代物,包括但不限于LCD屏幕或其他显示器。
在一种实施方式中,在传感头300中设置逻辑元件,用于处理由水平线圈304接收的信号,以通过LED 312提供位置反馈。在另一种实施方式中,此逻辑元件设置在显示装置350中,并且通过电缆310与部分LED 312通讯。在另一种实施方式中,在传感头300和显示装置350中设置用于驱动LED 312的逻辑元件。用于驱动LED312的逻辑元件的其他合适的位置以及驱动LED 312的其他方式对于本领域普通技术人员来说将是显而易见的。还将认识到,在使用这里描述的任何其他组件和特征时,LED 312整体可以简单地予以省略。
在传感头300放置在患者34附近的初始位置并通常位于端口42附近区域时,垂直线圈306被构造成用来传感由端口42中的线圈114提供的RF信号。应当理解,该RF信号的特征可以作为传感头300相对于端口42的方向(例如斜度、偏角、滚动、姿势等等)的函数进行改变。显示装置350可以从每个垂直线圈306接收RF信号的指示,并且可以通过能够比较在每个垂直线圈306处拾取的信号的逻辑元件来处理这些信号。当传感头300与端口42平行时,接收的三个信号可以具有大约相等的幅值和大约为零的相移。如下面将要更详细描述的,显示装置350还可以包括逻辑元件,该逻辑元件能够为用户提供指示传感头300和端口42的相对方向以及指示传感头300何时与端口42基本平行的视觉显示。
在另一种实施方式中,传感头300和端口42被构造成使得可以根据线圈114发出的信号与传感头300中的信号(例如来自传感头300中的TET线圈的启动/驱动信号)之间的相位关系来检测方向特征。例如,如果信号同相,则所述关系可以指示端口42与传感头300平行并且隔膜76面向传感头300;如果信号偏移90°相位,则可以指示端口42垂直于传感头300;当信号偏移180°相位时,则可以指示端口42相对于传感头300翻转(例如膜片76向内朝着患者34的中心)。根据对应的相位关系可以检测其他方向。可选择地,当传感头300经过端口42时,端口42中的线圈114可以发射脉冲图案,例如当端口42位于右侧上方时发射两个短脉冲跟着一个长脉冲(例如比短脉冲长大约3-4%)。当端口42翻转180°时,图案可以相反。传感头300可以接收这些信号,并且传感头300或任何其他装置(例如显示器350等)可以处理这些信号,以便可以为用户提供关于端口42方向的音频或视觉指示。因此,应当理解,垂直线圈306不是获得方向信息所必须的。用于确定方向信息的其他合适的结构和技术对于本领域普通技术人员来说将是显而易见的。
一种可选择的传感头301显示于图26中,在此变例中,针窗303从传感头301的中心偏移,但是在其他方面均类似于传感头300。针窗303的这种偏移可以减小传感头301的壳体与患者的外部解剖结构发生物理干扰的可能性,这种干扰会导致难以将传感头300的中心针窗302定位到端口42上。如图26所示的针窗303的偏移仅仅是示例性的,应当理解针窗303可以位于其他地方(例如,接近传感头301的壳体的边缘或者角落等等)。还应当理解,在针窗303没有被定位在传感头301的中心时,针窗303将不再位于排列的水平线圈304和垂直线圈306的集中中心。然而,线圈304、306仍然可以使用与采用传感头300相类似的技术来确定针窗303和端口42的相对位置。例如,在用于处理由线圈304、306检测的RF信号的算法中引入校正常数(例如,矢量)。该校正常数可以表示针窗303相对于传感头301中心(或者相对于线圈304、306的排列中心)的位移(例如针对距离和方向)。可以将校正常数引入到算法中的各种方法对于本领域普通技术人员来说将是显而易见的。
仅仅作为例子,传感头301中心相对于端口42的位置可以首先通过比较由水平线圈304接收的RF信号(例如针对相位和幅值)来发现(从而获得“确定的位置”)。然后可以将校正常数加到所述确定的位置,以进一步确定针窗303相对于端口42的位置。作为选择,当针窗303位于端口42正上方时,由线圈304接收的RF信号的性质可以具有一个或者多个特征差异(或者一个或者多个特征差异范围),从而使得算法可以依照由传感头300中的线圈304接收的RF信号的最小相位和幅值差相类似的方式来处理这些差异。换言之,算法可以处理该差异作为要达到的目标。当针窗303位于端口42正上方时,由水平线圈304检测的RF信号的特性中的特征差异可以是针窗303相对于传感头301的位移的函数,从而使得可以确定该特征差异。当然,可以使用适合于确定针窗303相对于端口42的位置的任何其他技术或者结构。
图27显示了一种示例性的显示装置350,其能够将来自传感头300的信息转换成用户可读取的视觉表达。在该实施例中,显示装置350与传感头300通过电缆310进行通讯,但是可以使用电缆310的任意替代物。显示装置350还包括图形显示器354,该图形显示器354包括目标显示360,且示出于图28-29中。该实施例的目标显示360包括十字准线362和箭头指示364。该实施例的目标显示360可用于呈现关于传感头300相对于端口42的位置和方向的位置和方向信息。具体而言,箭头指示364的尖端366相对于十字准线362的中心364的位置可以用于指示针窗302相对于端口42中心(例如隔膜76)的位置。换言之,十字准线362的中心364可以表示隔膜76中心;箭头指示364的尖端366表示针窗302。定位数据可以按照任何合适的速率来刷新,例如近似于实时,以便通过目标显示器360为用户提供位置反馈。因此,用户可以移动传感头300,直到目标显示器360指示针窗302位于端口42的正上方。
针对箭头指示366的倾斜度,方向数据可以通过目标显示器360呈现。换言之,箭头指示366倾斜的方向和大小可以表示传感头300相对于端口42的方向,从而使得箭头指示366围绕其尖端366枢转以指示该方向。在利用定位/位置数据时,方向数据可以按照任何合适的速率进行刷新,例如近似于实时,以便通过目标显示器360为用户提供方向反馈。在传感头300不能相对于端口42进行令人满意的定位时(例如,如果端口42已经上下颠倒或者在其相对于筋膜平面(fascial plane)的一侧上翻转时),医生可以重新定位端口42。
图29显示了带有目标显示器360的显示装置350的视图,目标显示器360指示传感头300基本上位于端口42的正上方且基本上与端口42平行。因此,箭头指示366位于十字准线362的中心364上,并且笔直地枢转(即垂直于屏幕),从而使得仅仅能够见到箭头指示366的尾端370。这种显示可以指示用户:笔直插入针窗302中的针头403将会成功到达端口的隔膜76。
还将认识到,还可以为用户提供表示位置和方向信息的视觉指示,如通过使用颜色。例如,在图28所示的目标显示器360中,箭头指示366可以显示为红色以指示穿过针窗302插入的针头403将是不正确的(例如,针头403将不能到达隔膜76)。相反,在图23所示的目标显示器360中,箭头指示366的尾端370可以显示为绿色以指示穿过针窗302插入的针头403将是正确的(例如,针头将能够到达隔膜76)。
还将认识到,传感头300不需要与端口42完全平行以便针头403能够成功穿过针窗302而进入到隔膜76中。因此,显示装置350可以提供指示,显示尽管传感头300相对于端口42的方向并不平行,针头403也可以成功穿过针窗302而到达隔膜76。例如,在箭头指示366的尾端370位于十字准线362的特定环内时指示这种方向。作为选择,这种方向可以通过使指示箭头366为黄色或者其他一些颜色来指示。在目标指示器360中指示不平行方向满足程度的其他一些方法对于本领域普通技术人员是显而易见的。
类似地,存在传感头300相对于端口42具有准确方向时却不能位于端口42正上方的情况;虽然传感头300没有位于端口42正上方,但通常可以平行于端口42定向。在这种情况下,如果针头403相对于传感头300正确定向(例如,以大约80°或者10°的偏差),穿过针窗302插入的针头403仍然可以到达隔膜76。因此,显示装置350可以提供指示,显示针头403可以成功穿过针窗302而到达隔膜76,尽管传感头300没有位于端口42的正上方。例如,在箭头指示366的尾端370位于十字准线362的特定环内时,可以指示这种方向。作为选择,这种方向可以通过使箭头指示366为黄色或者其他一些颜色来指示。在目标指示器360中指示传感头300位置满足程度的其他一些方法对于本领域普通技术人员是显而易见的。
还将认识到,传感头300可以被构造成用于获得深度数据,指示针窗302与端口42间的距离(以及隔膜76的深度)。这种深度数据可以各种各样的方法显示于显示装置350上。例如,深度可以作为数值和/或以任何其他合适的方法进行指示。除了位置、方向和深度相关信息之外,可以由传感头300获得并发送给显示装置350的其他几何信息对于本领域普通技术人员来说将是显而易见的。
除了显示与传感头300相对于端口42的位置和方向有关的信息之外,显示装置360还可以显示由端口42发送给传感头300的压力数据。因此,该实施例的显示装置350包括压力显示部分374。如图所示,压力显示部分374提供初始压力读取值、基准压力和峰值压力。初始压力读取值表示在加入或者取出流体之前植入部分32中的压力。基准压力读取值表示植入部分32中的当前压力(例如,随着加入或者取出流体,或者在已经加入或者取出流体之后)。峰值压力读取值表示在胃蠕动期间检测到的峰值压力。当然,可以显示任何其他压力参数,以及其他数据如温度等。
如上所述,传感头300可以被构造成以类似于压力读取装置60的方式从端口42接收压力数据。因此应当理解,传感头300的TET线圈还可以用作遥测线圈,从端口42中的线圈114接收指示压力或者其他数据的遥测信号。作为选择,可以在传感头300中提供专用于该遥测的附加线圈。作为另一种变例,任何垂直线圈306和/或水平线圈304可以用于这种遥测。其他一些合适的结构对于本领域普通技术人员来说将是显而易见的。
考虑到上述描述,应当理解,传感头300和显示装置350可以在向植入部分32中加入或者从植入部分32中取出流体之前、之中和之后为用户提供近似实时的压力检测。例如,医生可以在患者34喝下固定量的水时调节植入部分32中的盐分含量,并且可以在此活动过程中通过传感头300和显示装置350监视植入部分中的压力水平。应当理解,可以根据与压力数据有关的各种因素来确定最佳压力调节,包括但不限于下面的任意一种或者多种:原始基准压力、新的基准压力、最大蠕动压力、最小蠕动压力、蠕动收缩长度、蠕动收缩数据峰值的傅利叶变换(Fourier transform)、蠕动收缩期间的压力衰变时间常数、喝水期间的总平均压力衰变时间常数、喝下固定量水的蠕动收缩次数、由植入装置和/或解剖结构施加的一个或者多个力、植入装置或者植入装置中流体的能量、流体冲入植入装置中的速率、植入装置中的流体体积、植入装置的容量、进入或者容纳在植入装置中的流体的流速、植入装置中的流体的压力脉冲频率、植入装置中的流体的压力脉冲次数、在植入装置调节之前和/或响应植入装置调节由组织发送的一个或者多个电信号、在植入装置调节之前和/或响应植入装置调节由组织输出的化学成分、响应植入装置调节的其他组织反馈、或者任何其他因素。
在一种实施方式中,显示装置350可用于接收可以任何合适的方式指示上述因素的数据(例如从传感器等),并且还可用于自动处理这些因素并将处理结果表达给用户。例如,显示装置350可以被构造成根据这些因素的处理来确定加入或者取出的流体的理想量,并且可以简单地向用户显示消息,如“加入4cc的流体”、“取出0.5cc的流体”,等等。这些消息可以作为显示压力检测值、压力变化或其他数据的补充或者代替进行显示。对上述任意的因素或者其他因素的其他合适的处理以及将这种处理结果表达给用户的方法对于本领域普通技术人员来说将是显而易见的。
在该实施例中,压力传感器84以大约20Hz的更新速率提供压力数据。这种速率可以大约每50ms提供一个完整的遥测/TET模式周期。例如,线圈114可以为端口42提供TET大约45ms以为端口42供电,然后提供压力数据的遥测大约5ms。当然,可以使用任何其他切换技术。还将认识到,TET与遥测之间的切换并不是必需的。例如,端口42可以是有源的,从而不再需要TET。作为另一种实施例,可以为端口42增加第二线圈(未图示),端口42中的一个线圈专用于TET,而其他线圈则用于遥测。其他一些选择和变例对于本领域普通技术人员来说将是显而易见的。
虽然该实施例的显示装置350显示了以数字表达的压力数据,但是应当理解压力数据可以各种其他方式来表达。例如,图形可以显示压力作为时间的函数,这用于在蠕动期间或者其他目的监视压力或许是有用的。还将认识到,不需要显示特定时刻的压力绝对值,但显示装置350可以显示压力值的变化。可以显示压力数据或其他数据的其他方法对于本领域普通技术人员来说将是显而易见的。
如上所述,在考虑植入部分32中的压力检测时考虑温度、大气压力和其他因素或许是理想的。因此,传感头300可以接收附加的数据如在植入部分32中获取的温度检测值,并且显示装置350可以包括能用于根据各种因素来调节压力读取值的逻辑元件。
在一种方式中,传感头300包括能够在定位模式与压力传感模式之间切换传感头300的开关(未图示)。因此,用户可以将传感头300切换到定位模式来获得位置和方向数据以便将传感头300完全定位到端口42上。然后,在向植入部分32中加入或者从植入部分32中取出流体之前、之中和之后,用户可以将传感头300切换到压力检测模式来获得压力检测值。作为选择,在显示装置350上可以设置类似的开关。在另一种方式中,不使用开关,从而传感头300可以同时用在定位模式和压力传感模式。用于在这两种模式之间实现切换的其他一些可能的模式和特征对于本领域普通技术人员来说将是显而易见的。
还将认识到,传感头300可以结合具有线圈但缺少压力传感器的端口使用。换言之,传感头300可以简单地用于确定端口的位置和方向。在进行这种确定时,压力数据可以从源获得而不是从端口获得(例如,从植入部分中任意位置的传感器,从患者外部的传感器,等等),或者根本不获得。另外,虽然上述的实施例包括传感头300与端口42一起使用,但应当理解传感头300可以与端口1142一起使用。当然,这种使用可能需要在传感头300中包括TET/遥测线圈,或者能够发送信号由线圈304、306接收的其他一些装置。传感头300的其他一些变例以及使用传感头300的变例对于本领域普通技术人员来说将是显而易见的。
图30-31中显示了另一种实施方式,显示了示例性的注射器400和显示装置420通过电缆422进行通讯。注射器400包括柱塞420、注射筒404、压力传感组件410和针头430。在该实施例中,柱塞402、注射筒404和针头430为传统组件。因此,注射筒404具有阳路厄接头(male luer lock)部分406,针头430具有阴路厄接头(female luer lock)部分424。柱塞402具有被构造成与注射筒404密封啮合的活塞408。在一种方式中,针头430包括Hube r针。当然,其中的这些组件可以变化。
电缆422具有导入部分429,其被构造成选择连接到压力传感组件410。导入部分429还包括能够与压力传感器426电连接的特征(未图示),从而可以通过电缆422发送由压力传感器426获得的压力读取值。该特征可以包括一个或者多个终端(未图示)或者任何其他特征。在另一种实施方式中,压力传感组件410固定到导入部分429和电缆422。其他合适的结构对于本领域普通技术人员来说将是显而易见的。
在该实施例中,压力传感组件410包括阳路厄接头部分412、阴路厄接头部分414、垂直圆筒状部分416、水平圆筒状部分418和压力传感器426。压力传感组件410的阳路厄接头部分412被构造成与针头430的阴路厄接头部分424啮合;压力传感组件410的阴路厄接头部分414则被构造成与注射筒404的阳路厄接头部分406啮合。因此,应当理解,压力传感组件410可以安装各种现有的注射器。作为选择,注射器400可以被构造成具有集成到其内部的压力传感组件410或者类似特征。
如图所示,压力传感器426位于水平圆筒状部分418中,靠近环形凸缘428。在一种实施例中,压力传感器426密封地连接到环形凸缘428。在此实施例中,导入部分429包括一个或者多个电极(未图示)或者类似特征,被构造成在导入部分429与压力传感组件410结合时与压力传感器426通讯和/或从压力传感器426接收通讯。在另一种实施例中,压力传感器426与导入部分429固定在一起,并且可以在导入部分429与压力传感组件410结合时位于环形凸缘428附近。作为选择,可以使用其他任何合适的结构。
压力传感器426可以根据上述的任何压力传感器进行构造。作为选择,压力传感器426可以包括适于使用的任何现有的压力传感器,或者任何其他类型的压力传感器。在该实施例中,在装配注射器400时,垂直圆筒状部分416为从注射筒404到针头430的流体连通提供密封管路。垂直圆筒状部分416还与水平圆筒状部分418流体连通;压力传感器426也是如此。因此,应当理解,压力传感器426可以用于传感注射器400中的流体压力。还将认识到,由压力传感器426传感的压力可以通过电缆422发送给显示装置420,并以任何合适的形式在显示装置420上显示。
在一种示例性的使用中,针头430插入患者34并到达注射端口的隔膜(未图示)。可以使用任何合适的端口,包括但不限于任何上述的端口42、1142及其变例,以及任何不具有压力传感器的端口。在该实施例中执行上述插入时,针头430可以与植入部分32流体连通,使得植入部分32中的流体与注射器400中的流体的压力基本平衡。从而可以认识到,由压力传感器426传感的压力可以指示植入部分32中的流体压力。此压力信息在通过利用注射器向植入部分32中加入流体或者利用注射器400从植入部分32中取出流体进行的压力调节过程中或许是特别有用的。具体而言,注射器400可以允许同时调节和读取流体压力。
例如,用户可以首先将针头430插入患者34并达到注射端口42、1142的隔膜76。在压力均衡时,用户然后可以通过显示装置420读取初始压力。应当理解,压力均衡可以通过压力读取值基本保持恒定来确定。然后,用户可以使用注射器400向植入部分32加入流体或者从植入部分32取出流体,观察由显示装置420指示的压力中的变化。因为不需要使用阀或者其他机构在压力传感模式和加入/取出模式之间切换注射器400,所以压力读取值可以在用户向植入部分32加入流体或者从植入部分32取出流体的同时获得。因此,压力传感组件410和压力传感器426可以被认为是与其他注射器400组件成基本线性。在这里使用的词组“基本线性”应当被理解为基本上在压力传感器426传感压力的同时可以利用注射器400加入或者取出流体;并且不需要操纵阀或者其他机构在注射器400的加入/取出模式与注射器400的压力传感模式之间进行切换。然而,词组“基本上线性”不应当被理解为要求必须是直线相交压力传感器426和所有其他的注射器400组件。
因此,在用户利用注射器400调节压力时,可以近似实时地获得压力读取值。在用户操控注射器400与在注射器400和植入部分32中实现压力均衡的时间之间存在延迟时,用户可以简单地等待直到显示装置420指示的压力读取值变成基本恒定。注射器400和显示装置420的其他合适的使用对于本领域普通技术人员来说将是显而易见的。
图32表示了电缆422的一种示例性替代物。在此变例中,在图30-31中所示的注射器400的电缆422由无线红外通讯器440取代。红外通讯器440包括一对LED 422、电池444和拉出翼片446。红外通讯器440可以连接到压力传感组件410,并与压力传感器426通讯。在一种实施方式中,压力传感器426封装在红外通讯器440中,并被构造成在与压力传感组件410结合时接收压力传感组件410中的流体压力。例如,这种压力接收可以通过使压力传感器426直接接触压力传感组件410的流体来提供。作为选择,红外通讯器440和/或压力传感组件410可以包括位于压力传感器426与压力传感组件410中的流体之间并能够向压力传感器426传递压力的隔膜或者其他元件。在另一种实施方式中,压力传感器426是压力传感组件410的构件,并且红外通讯器440则被构造成在与压力传感组件410结合时能够接收由压力传感器426获得的压力数据。其他合适的结构对于本领域普通技术人员来说将是显而易见的。
该实施例中的红外通讯器440可以通过LED 442以红外线发送由压力传感器426获得的压力数据。因此,应当理解,显示装置420可以进行修改,以便包括能接收上述发送的红外传感器(未图示)。电池444可以用于为红外通讯器440供电。拉出翼片446可以最初位于电池444和终端之间,以便在第一次使用之前保护电池444。因此,用户可以在第一次使用之前取下拉出翼片446。作为选择,红外通讯器440可以包括开关或其他机构,用于选择启用电池444。其他变例对于本领域普通技术人员来说将是显而易见的。还将认识到,注射器400的这个变例可以按照与上述的注射器400的其他变例类似的方式进行使用。
图33显示了电缆422的另一种示例性替代物。在此变例中,在图30-31中所示的注射器400的电缆422由射频(RF)通讯器450取代。RF通讯器450包括RF线圈452、电池444和拉出翼片446。RF通讯器450可以连接到压力传感组件410,并与压力传感器426通讯。如上面针对红外通讯器440所述,压力传感器426可以设置在RF通讯器450中或者设置在压力传感组件410中。其他合适的结构对于本领域普通技术人员来说将是显而易见的。
该实施例的RF通讯器450可以通过RF线圈452发送由压力传感器426获得的作为RF信号的压力数据。因此,应当理解,显示装置420可以进行修改,以便包括能够接收上述发送的RF信号接收器(未图示)。电池444可以用于为RF通讯器450供电。拉出翼片446可以最初位于电池444和终端之间,以便在第一次使用之前保护电池444。因此,用户可以在第一次使用之前取下拉出翼片446。作为选择,RF通讯器450可以包括开关或其他机构,用于选择启用电池444。其他变例对于本领域普通技术人员来说将是显而易见的。还将认识到,注射器400的这个变例可以按照与上述的注射器400的其他变例类似的方式进行使用。
图34显示了另一种示例性的压力传感注射器系统1400。在此实施例中,注射器系统1400包括注射器400、导管1402、压力传感部分1420、电缆1404、界面组件1406和显示装置1408。注射器400包括具有路厄双向活化阀(two way leur activated valve)1412的“T”接头1410。“T”接头1410与针头430和导管1402流体连通。双向活化阀1412被构造成在“T”接头1410与注射器400的阳路厄接头部分406结合时打开。当然,可以提供不具有路厄双向活化阀1412的“T”接头1410或者其他装置。还将认识到,上述的压力传感组件410还可以具有路厄双向活化阀(例如在阴路厄接头部分414)。在此实施例中,当“T”接头1410与注射器400结合时,导管1402可用于将注射器400中的流体压力发送给压力传感部分1420。应当理解,“T”接头可以连接到各种现有的注射器400和针头430。在使用路厄双向活化阀1412或类似装置时(例如,在“T”接头1410中,在压力传感组件410中,等等),可以在压力调节之后除去注射筒404,而不会影响路厄双向活化阀1412“下游”组件中的流体压力。仅仅作为实施例,可以使用注射器400来调节压力,然后从路厄双向活化阀1412上除去注射筒404,然后使患者34站立,然后获得后续的压力检测,这或许是理想的。除去注射筒404和/或路厄双向活化阀1412的其他一些应用还可以在其他一些场合是有利的。
如图34-36中所示,压力传感部分1420包括可重复使用的传感部分1422以及一次性盖部分1424。可重复使用的传感部分1422和一次性盖部分1424被构造成可彼此选择性结合。当与可重复使用的传感部分1422时,一次性盖部分1424与可重复使用的传感部分1422流体连通,从而使得导管1402中的流体压力可以通过一次性盖部分1424发送给可重复使用的传感部分1422。在一种实施方式中,一次性盖部分1424包括专利US 6,725,726中所述的压力室(pressure dome),该专利的公开内容通过引用并入本文。可重复使用的传感部分1422包括压力端口1426,其被构造成从一次性该部分1424接收所述流体压力发送。例如,压力端口1426可以包括适用于接收流体压力发送的隔膜或者其他结构。可重复使用的传感部分1422还包括压力传感器(未图示)如换能器,其被构造成通过电缆1404向界面组件1406提供压力数据。界面组件1406可用于处理所述压力数据并通过电缆1404将其发送给显示装置1408。在一种实施方式中,可重复使用的传感部分1422包括来自北卡罗来纳州达勒姆的MEMSCAP生产的型号为SP840或SP844的传感器,但其他任何传感部分1422组件也可以使用。当然,界面组件1406和显示装置1408可选择地可以集成为一个装置。界面组件1406和/或显示装置1408可以包括台式个人计算机、笔记本计算机、个人数字助力(PDA)、专用装置或其他任何合适的装置。
应当理解,为了有效地将注射器400中的流体压力发送给可重复使用的传感部分1422,可以适当地在导管1402中提供流体。该流体可以在意图进行压力检测之前提供到导管1402中。虽然导管1402中的流体可以与注射器400中的流体是相同类型(例如盐水),但是可以使用任何流体,包括但不限于凝胶、硅油、盐水等等。在一种实施方式中,导管1402被预先灌装,从而在使用之前可以在导管1402中具有流体(例如,在“T”接头1410与注射器400结合之前)。在另一种实施方式中,导管1402中最初没有流体,用户在使用注射器400向注射端口42、1142中加入流体或者从注射端口42、1142中取出流体之前向导管1142中灌装流体。因此,在一次性盖部分1424中设置孔盖1414,便于通过方便地排出导管1402中的空气来向导管1402中灌装流体。
如上所述,用户可以使用注射器400向端口42、1142中加入流体或者从端口42、1142中取出流体来调节胃束带38。在此使用期间在使用如图34所示装配的压力传感注射器系统1400时,或者在使用压力传感注射器系统1400的任何合适的变例时,应当理解在调节胃束带38压力时可以传感流体压力以及进行压力检测。换言之,可以基本上同时传感和调节压力,而不需要操控开关阀或者类似装置在纯调节压力或纯传感压力之间进行切换。作为选择,可以提供这种开关阀或者类似装置。
虽然可重复使用的传感部分1422和一次性盖部分1424作为分离的组件予以显示,但是可以考虑到这些组件1422、1424可以选择地为一件式。其他变例对于本领域普通技术人员来说将是显而易见的。
图37表示了注射器400的一种变例。在此变例中,压力传感器426设置在柱塞402与活塞408之间,并且通过电缆422与显示装置420通讯。作为选择,压力传感器426可以位于活塞408中,或者位于活塞408的远端,从而可以与注射筒404中的流体接触。在任何一种这些变例中,压力传感器426可以被构造成传感注射筒404中的流体压力,并且当针头与植入部分32流体连通时传感植入部分32中的流体压力。如同上述的实施方式,在用户通过注射器400向植入部分32中加入流体或者从植入部分32中取出流体时,此压力检测值可以通过显示装置420近似实时地发送给用户。
上面描述了压力传感器位于患者34外部的一些合适位置的实施例。其他一些合适的位置包括但不限于位于注射筒404内(例如靠近阳路厄接头部分406),位于针头430内(例如靠近阴路厄接头部分424),或者位于任何其他合适的位置。类似地,正如注射器400可以改变,显示装置420也可以改变。例如,虽然上述实施例中的显示装置420专用于压力传感器426,但显示装置420也可以是其他任何装置。仅仅作为实施例,图27中所示的显示装置350可以被构造成从压力传感器426接收通讯。作为选择,压力传感器426可以被构造成与台式PC、笔记本计算机、个人数字助力(PDA)或任何其他装置进行通讯。注射器400和显示装置420的其他一些变例对于本领域普通技术人员来说将是显而易见的,处理压力数据的方法也是如此。仅仅作为实施例,显示装置420或任何其他装置可以被构造成来分析压力大小、压力变化率和/或其他因素,以确定用户使用的注射器400是否太大、太小,或者是否正确使用注射器400(例如注射流体太快等等),并且在发现这些状况时可以提醒用户(例如在视觉上和/或听觉上)。
虽然传感头300的实施方式(参照图22-26所述的)可用于从具有压力传感器84、1190的端口42、1142接收与压力相关的通讯,但是本领域普通技术人员应当理解,传感头300或者其变例还可以与注射器400的任何变例(参照图30-37所述的)一起使用。例如,传感头300可以用来确定患者34体内的端口42、1142的位置和方向,并且在根据此位置和方向确定而适当定位传感头300之后,这里所述的任何注射器400的针头可以穿过针窗302插入。压力数据可以从端口42、1142中的压力传感器84和/或患者34外部的压力传感器426获得。这里所述组件的其他合适的组合对于本领域普通技术人员来说将是显而易见的。
虽然上述的实施方式包括将压力传感器用到端口42、1142中、注射器400中或者患者34外部的其他位置,但是应当理解压力传感器可以位于患者34体内的其他位置。例如,如图38所示,压力传感器500可以位于胃束带502的充气部分中。在胃束带502包括弹性部分和非弹性部分的情况下,压力传感器500可以连接到弹性部分或者非弹性部分。在任何情况下,压力传感器500可以在通过注射端口2042和导管44向胃束带502中加入流体或者从胃束带502中取出流体之前、之中和之后传感和发送胃束带502中的流体压力。还将认识到,可以在使用泵(未图示)或者任何其他装置以调节胃束带502中的压力时使用压力传感器500。
作为选择,如图39所示,压力传感器504可以位于胃束带508和端口2042之间的导管506中、泵中、贮液池中,或者与导管506流体连通的其他装置中。作为另一种变例,其实施例显示于图40中,压力传感器1504可以固定到导管506上,而不是位于导管506内。作为另一种变例,其实施例显示于图41中,传感器外壳2504可以可拆卸地连接到导管506。在此实施例中,压力传感器504位于传感器外壳2504中,并且传感器外壳2504具有可以与导管506的末端相结合的一对倒刺接头2506。传感器外壳2504因此提供了端口2042与胃束带508之间的流体管路,并且因此可以传感传感器外壳2504中的流体压力。应当理解,已经植入的导管506可以进行改型以装配传感器外壳2504,例如可以通过简单地切断导管506并将倒刺接头2506插入到导管506的切断端。还将认识到,可以使用倒刺接头2506的任何替代物,包括但不限于夹具、夹子、黏结剂、焊接等等。
另一种变例显示于图42中,其描述了具有“T”型岔路550的导管506。压力传感器504设置在垂直于导管506的“T”型岔路550的臂中,并与导管506流体连通。在一种实施方式中,“T”型岔路550与导管506一体形成。在另一种实施方式中,“T”型岔路550是连接到导管506上的分离组件(例如使用类似于倒刺接头2506的结构)。“T”型岔路550的其他合适的设置方法对于本领域普通技术人员来说将是显而易见的。类似地,将压力传感器504、1504设置到导管506内、导管506上或者导管506附近的其他方法对于本领域普通技术人员来说将是显而易见的。
作为选择,如图43所示,压力传感器510可以位于胃束带514的带扣512内。在另一种实施方式(未图示)中,压力传感器位于注射端口与导管的结合处,和/或位于胃束带与导管的结合处。压力传感器的其他合适的位置对于本领域普通技术人员来说将是显而易见的,包括但不限于胃束带系统的流路中或附近的任何位置。另外,压力传感器500、504、510、1504可以位于他们各自的带502、导管506和带扣512内(例如靠在他们的内壁上),或者作为选择,带502、导管506和带扣512的一部分可以包括向外延伸的突出部分以封装对应的压力传感器500、504、510、1504的至少一部分。用于封装带502、导管506和带扣512内或附近的压力传感器500、504、510、1504的其他合适的结构对于本领域普通技术人员来说将是显而易见的。
与位置无关,压力传感器500、504、510、1504可以包括适于使用的任何现有的压力传感器,或者为特殊用途定制的压力传感器。压力传感器的来源可以包括CardioMEMS、Integrated SensingSystems(ISSYS)和Remon Medical。示例性的压力传感器可以包括但不限于电容性的、压阻性的、硅应变仪式的或者超声波式(原声式)压力传感器。另外,可以为压力传感器500、504、510、1504设置有源或者无源遥测,以便使用上述的任何一种技术或者使用任何其他合适的技术从这些压力传感器接收数据。仅仅作为实施例,提供的遥测可以使用RF、超宽带(UWB)、超声波或者任何其他合适的通讯方法。还将认识到,可以使用任何通讯模式中的任何协议(例如蓝牙等)。因此,任何压力传感器500、504、510、1504可以包括遥测组件(例如线圈、收发器等)或者与遥测组件进行通讯。在压力传感器500、504、510、1504的遥测组件在缺少一些辅助而不能与患者34外部的遥测装置建立通讯时,可以通过任意适当数量的继电器(未图示)或者其他装置来提供这种辅助。
在另一种实施方式中,使用多个压力传感器500、504、510、1504。例如,除了在与带502流体连通的导管506中的压力传感器504之外,胃束带系统还可以包括位于胃束带502中的压力传感器500。该多个压力传感器500、504可以提供流体压力在胃束带系统的组件中如何分配的指示。该多个压力传感器500、504还可以提供更准确的压力读取,减小会影响压力读取的导管阻塞的可能性(例如收聚),或者可以提供各种其他结果。还将认识到,除了上述的内部压力传感器500、504、510、1504之外,包括多个压力传感器的任何系统还可以包括端口42、1142中的压力传感器,和/或位于患者34外部的压力传感器(例如位于注射器400中的压力传感器426或者与注射器400连接的压力传感部分1426)。此外,一种装置如内部或者外部倾斜计(或者其替代物)可以被用来确定患者34和/或植入部分32的方向(例如站立、躺下等)的角度,该角度可以被结合到由一个或者多个传感器500、504、510、1504传感的压力数据中以考虑由患者34方向导致的液压因素。该因素(或者任何其他因素)可以在进行压力读取之前或者结合压力读取予以考虑。
在此实施例中,每个压力传感器500、504、510、1504被气密性地封装,从而使得压力传感器500、504、510、1504中的物体不会影响植入部分32中的流体压力。当然,可以提供不具有气密性封装的压力传感器500、504、510、1504。发明人还考虑到,这里描述的任何压力传感器,包括但不限于压力传感器500、504、510、1504,可以各种各样的方法来传感压力。例如,压力可以通过检测组件如隔膜的偏转来传感。偏转程度可以是作用于该组件上的力的函数,从而可以通过考虑已知的表面积来获得压力值。在需要通过计算来确定作为偏转的函数的压力时,该计算可以在传感器中或者其他地方进行。还考虑到,压力可以通过检测偏转以外的其他各种方法来传感。例如,压力传感器可以包括用于测量组件扭转的应变计。适用于传感或者测量压力的其他结构和技术对于本领域普通技术人员来说将是显而易见的。这里所述的用于传感或者测量压力的特定结构和技术不被认为是关键的,发明人考虑到可以使用用于测量压力的其他合适的结构和技术。
除了在上述各种实施方式中所述的传感植入部分32中的流体压力之外,应当理解,食道48、上袋50和/或胃40中的流体压力也可以使用任何合适的装置来传感,例如内窥镜压力计。仅仅作为实施例,此流体压力测量值可以在调节植入部分32中的压力之前、之中和/或之后与测得的植入部分32中的流体压力进行比较。测得的食道48、上袋50和/或胃40中的流体压力的其他合适用途对于本领域普通技术人员来说将是显而易见的。
本领域普通技术人员将会容易理解,上述发明可以等价地应用于其他类型的可植入带。例如,用于治疗便秘的带。在美国专利US6,461,292中描述了一种这样的带,该专利通过引用并入本文。带还能用于治疗小便不畅。在美国专利申请2003/0105385中描述了一种这样的带,该申请通过引用并入本文。带还能用于治疗心痛和/或食道反流。在美国专利US 6,470,892中描述了一种这样的带,该专利通过引用并入本文。带还能用于治疗阳痿。在美国专利申请2003/0114729中描述了一种这样的带,该申请通过引用并入本文。
虽然已经通过描述多个实施方式说明了本发明,但是申请人的意图并不是要将所附的权利要求书的精神和范围限制或限定到这些细节。在不背离本发明的范围的前提下,多种其他变例、变化和替代对于本领域普通技术人员来说是容易想到的。例如,已经针对提供注射端口中的压力传感器说明了本发明的装置和方法。作为选择,传感器可以位于带的流体填充部分中,以测量带中的压力变化。另外,压力传感器可以连接植入胃腔中的弹性气囊,以测量气囊中的流体压力。与本发明有关的每个元件的结构能够可选择地描述为用于提供通过该元件执行的功能的方法。将会理解,上述的描述仅仅作为例子,在不背离所附的权利要求书的范围和精神的前提下,其他一些修改对于本领域普通技术人员来说是容易想到的。
Claims (10)
1.一种传感头系统,包括:
(a)壳体;
(b)多个正交线圈,所述多个正交线圈包括:
(i)多个水平线圈,以及
(ii)多个垂直线圈,
其中所述多个正交线圈被构造成用于接收由RF能量源发送的RF信号,所述多个正交线圈位于所述壳体内;
(c)形成于所述壳体中的针窗,其中所述针窗被构造成用于收纳注射器针头;以及
(d)与所述多个正交线圈通讯的用户界面,其中所述用户界面被构造成用于为用户提供关于针窗相对于患者体内针头目标的位置的指示,其中使用所述多个水平线圈来获得指示针窗相对于针头目标的位置的数据。
2.根据权利要求1所述的传感头系统,其特征为,所述壳体基本上为三角形,其中每个所述水平线圈基本上位于所述三角形的每个角处,并且每个所述垂直线圈基本上位于所述三角形的每个角处。
3.根据权利要求2所述的传感头系统,其特征为,每个所述垂直线圈位于对应的一个水平线圈中。
4.根据权利要求1所述的传感头系统,其特征为,所述多个正交线圈位于一装置中,其中所述针窗位于所述装置的中心。
5.根据权利要求1所述的传感头系统,其特征为,所述用户界面包括多个LED。
6.根据权利要求1所述的传感头系统,其特征为,所述用户界面包括显示装置,所述显示装置能够提供在视觉上指示用户针窗相对于针头目标的位置的图形显示。
7.根据权利要求6所述的传感头系统,其特征为,所述图形显示包括箭头和十字准线,其中所述箭头的尖端表示所述针窗,所述十字准线的中心表示所述针头目标。
8.根据权利要求1所述的传感头系统,其特征为,所述用户界面还被构造成用于为用户提供关于壳体相对于针头目标的方向的指示,并且使用所述多个垂直线圈来获得指示壳体相对于针头目标的方向的数据。
9.根据权利要求1所述的传感头系统,其特征为,所述针头目标包括注射端口。
10.根据权利要求9所述的传感头系统,其特征为,所述注射端口与可植入的限制装置连通,其中所述可植入的限制装置可操作,以使用流体压力在患者体内形成限制。
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BRPI0700643B8 (pt) | 2021-06-22 |
MX2007002736A (es) | 2008-11-14 |
CA2580915A1 (en) | 2007-09-07 |
CN101032400A (zh) | 2007-09-12 |
AU2007200762B2 (en) | 2012-06-14 |
CA2580915C (en) | 2015-02-17 |
DE602007002511D1 (de) | 2009-11-05 |
JP5154100B2 (ja) | 2013-02-27 |
US7775215B2 (en) | 2010-08-17 |
HK1109049A1 (en) | 2008-05-30 |
BRPI0700643A (pt) | 2007-11-06 |
AU2007200762A1 (en) | 2007-09-27 |
JP2007236949A (ja) | 2007-09-20 |
BRPI0700643B1 (pt) | 2019-01-08 |
EP1832254B1 (en) | 2009-09-23 |
US20060211914A1 (en) | 2006-09-21 |
ATE443499T1 (de) | 2009-10-15 |
ES2332070T3 (es) | 2010-01-25 |
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