BG62180B1 - Хидрометалургично извличане на никел и кобалт от сулфиднируди с помощта на хлорид - Google Patents
Хидрометалургично извличане на никел и кобалт от сулфиднируди с помощта на хлорид Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- BG62180B1 BG62180B1 BG102132A BG10213297A BG62180B1 BG 62180 B1 BG62180 B1 BG 62180B1 BG 102132 A BG102132 A BG 102132A BG 10213297 A BG10213297 A BG 10213297A BG 62180 B1 BG62180 B1 BG 62180B1
- Authority
- BG
- Bulgaria
- Prior art keywords
- solution
- cobalt
- extractant
- nickel
- magnesium
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 85
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 261
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 76
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 57
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 title claims description 57
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 57
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 15
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 title description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 124
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 78
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 74
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 74
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 71
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 67
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 239000010970 precious metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- -1 sulphate ions Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910021653 sulphate ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 133
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims description 77
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 claims description 57
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 56
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 49
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 43
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 42
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims description 41
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 39
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 33
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 33
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium sulfate Chemical compound N.N.OS(O)(=O)=O BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 23
- 229910052921 ammonium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 20
- 235000011130 ammonium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 20
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000012265 solid product Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910001425 magnesium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 11
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000005188 flotation Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000004679 hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- CYTYCFOTNPOANT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Perchloroethylene Chemical group ClC(Cl)=C(Cl)Cl CYTYCFOTNPOANT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229950011008 tetrachloroethylene Drugs 0.000 claims description 6
- ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium bicarbonate Chemical compound [NH4+].OC([O-])=O ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000001099 ammonium carbonate Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000012501 ammonium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003472 neutralizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001879 copper Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003350 kerosene Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002736 metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- JLVVSXFLKOJNIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium ion Chemical compound [Mg+2] JLVVSXFLKOJNIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 7
- 229910001429 cobalt ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 7
- XLJKHNWPARRRJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt(2+) Chemical compound [Co+2] XLJKHNWPARRRJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 7
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 claims 4
- 229910001453 nickel ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 3
- 150000001805 chlorine compounds Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 150000001868 cobalt Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Mg+2] VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000347 magnesium hydroxide Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910001862 magnesium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004537 pulping Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000000638 solvent extraction Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005363 electrowinning Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 21
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 18
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 16
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 16
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 14
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 11
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 9
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 9
- 235000011116 calcium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 9
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 description 9
- XFXPMWWXUTWYJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyanide Chemical compound N#[C-] XFXPMWWXUTWYJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 7
- NIFIFKQPDTWWGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrite Chemical compound [Fe+2].[S-][S-] NIFIFKQPDTWWGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229910052683 pyrite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000011028 pyrite Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 6
- MNWBNISUBARLIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium cyanide Chemical compound [Na+].N#[C-] MNWBNISUBARLIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium chloride Substances [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 235000011114 ammonium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000012065 filter cake Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000658 coextraction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000009854 hydrometallurgy Methods 0.000 description 4
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 229910001710 laterite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011504 laterite Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 4
- JPVYNHNXODAKFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cu2+ Chemical compound [Cu+2] JPVYNHNXODAKFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910001431 copper ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydrogensulfate Chemical compound OS([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 3
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical group [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052569 sulfide mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 235000019738 Limestone Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 241000080590 Niso Species 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphur dioxide Chemical compound O=S=O RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000001166 ammonium sulphate Substances 0.000 description 2
- RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N arsenic atom Chemical compound [As] RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052951 chalcopyrite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- DVRDHUBQLOKMHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N chalcopyrite Chemical compound [S-2].[S-2].[Fe+2].[Cu+2] DVRDHUBQLOKMHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000365 copper sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010908 decantation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000006028 limestone Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012264 purified product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009853 pyrometallurgy Methods 0.000 description 2
- WWNBZGLDODTKEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfanylidenenickel Chemical compound [Ni]=S WWNBZGLDODTKEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000004763 sulfides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- FIHFWXNMOWDPBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4,4-trimethylpentylphosphonic acid Chemical compound CC(C)(C)CC(C)CP(O)(O)=O FIHFWXNMOWDPBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XZMCDFZZKTWFGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyanamide Chemical compound NC#N XZMCDFZZKTWFGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PQUCIEFHOVEZAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diammonium sulfite Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[O-]S([O-])=O PQUCIEFHOVEZAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 241001274216 Naso Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910017709 Ni Co Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N Selenium Chemical compound [Se] BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021607 Silver chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- XAQHXGSHRMHVMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N [S].[S] Chemical compound [S].[S] XAQHXGSHRMHVMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003929 acidic solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010953 base metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004177 carbon cycle Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052947 chalcocite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000975 co-precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000428 cobalt oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- IVMYJDGYRUAWML-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt(ii) oxide Chemical compound [Co]=O IVMYJDGYRUAWML-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052963 cobaltite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005538 encapsulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012527 feed solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052595 hematite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011019 hematite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- LIKBJVNGSGBSGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(3+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Fe+3].[Fe+3] LIKBJVNGSGBSGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052935 jarosite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052745 lead Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052953 millerite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000480 nickel oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052954 pentlandite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-O phosphonium Chemical compound [PH4+] XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001376 precipitating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011403 purification operation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052711 selenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011669 selenium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003378 silver Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- HKZLPVFGJNLROG-UHFFFAOYSA-M silver monochloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Ag+] HKZLPVFGJNLROG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- YPNVIBVEFVRZPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L silver sulfate Chemical compound [Ag+].[Ag+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O YPNVIBVEFVRZPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910000367 silver sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011343 solid material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052950 sphalerite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- VRRFSFYSLSPWQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfanylidenecobalt Chemical compound [Co]=S VRRFSFYSLSPWQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052714 tellurium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PORWMNRCUJJQNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tellurium atom Chemical compound [Te] PORWMNRCUJJQNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LITQZINTSYBKIU-UHFFFAOYSA-F tetracopper;hexahydroxide;sulfate Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Cu+2].[Cu+2].[Cu+2].[Cu+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O LITQZINTSYBKIU-UHFFFAOYSA-F 0.000 description 1
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- UGZADUVQMDAIAO-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc hydroxide Chemical class [OH-].[OH-].[Zn+2] UGZADUVQMDAIAO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B3/00—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes
- C22B3/04—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes by leaching
- C22B3/06—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes by leaching in inorganic acid solutions, e.g. with acids generated in situ; in inorganic salt solutions other than ammonium salt solutions
- C22B3/10—Hydrochloric acid, other halogenated acids or salts thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B3/00—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes
- C22B3/20—Treatment or purification of solutions, e.g. obtained by leaching
- C22B3/42—Treatment or purification of solutions, e.g. obtained by leaching by ion-exchange extraction
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B11/00—Obtaining noble metals
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B15/00—Obtaining copper
- C22B15/0063—Hydrometallurgy
- C22B15/0065—Leaching or slurrying
- C22B15/0067—Leaching or slurrying with acids or salts thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B15/00—Obtaining copper
- C22B15/0063—Hydrometallurgy
- C22B15/0065—Leaching or slurrying
- C22B15/0067—Leaching or slurrying with acids or salts thereof
- C22B15/0069—Leaching or slurrying with acids or salts thereof containing halogen
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B15/00—Obtaining copper
- C22B15/0063—Hydrometallurgy
- C22B15/0065—Leaching or slurrying
- C22B15/0067—Leaching or slurrying with acids or salts thereof
- C22B15/0071—Leaching or slurrying with acids or salts thereof containing sulfur
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B15/00—Obtaining copper
- C22B15/0063—Hydrometallurgy
- C22B15/0084—Treating solutions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B15/00—Obtaining copper
- C22B15/0063—Hydrometallurgy
- C22B15/0084—Treating solutions
- C22B15/0089—Treating solutions by chemical methods
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B19/00—Obtaining zinc or zinc oxide
- C22B19/20—Obtaining zinc otherwise than by distilling
- C22B19/22—Obtaining zinc otherwise than by distilling with leaching with acids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B19/00—Obtaining zinc or zinc oxide
- C22B19/20—Obtaining zinc otherwise than by distilling
- C22B19/26—Refining solutions containing zinc values, e.g. obtained by leaching zinc ores
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B23/00—Obtaining nickel or cobalt
- C22B23/04—Obtaining nickel or cobalt by wet processes
- C22B23/0407—Leaching processes
- C22B23/0415—Leaching processes with acids or salt solutions except ammonium salts solutions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B23/00—Obtaining nickel or cobalt
- C22B23/04—Obtaining nickel or cobalt by wet processes
- C22B23/0407—Leaching processes
- C22B23/0415—Leaching processes with acids or salt solutions except ammonium salts solutions
- C22B23/0423—Halogenated acids or salts thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B23/00—Obtaining nickel or cobalt
- C22B23/04—Obtaining nickel or cobalt by wet processes
- C22B23/0407—Leaching processes
- C22B23/0415—Leaching processes with acids or salt solutions except ammonium salts solutions
- C22B23/043—Sulfurated acids or salts thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B23/00—Obtaining nickel or cobalt
- C22B23/04—Obtaining nickel or cobalt by wet processes
- C22B23/0453—Treatment or purification of solutions, e.g. obtained by leaching
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B3/00—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes
- C22B3/04—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes by leaching
- C22B3/06—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes by leaching in inorganic acid solutions, e.g. with acids generated in situ; in inorganic salt solutions other than ammonium salt solutions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B3/00—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes
- C22B3/04—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes by leaching
- C22B3/06—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes by leaching in inorganic acid solutions, e.g. with acids generated in situ; in inorganic salt solutions other than ammonium salt solutions
- C22B3/08—Sulfuric acid, other sulfurated acids or salts thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B3/00—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes
- C22B3/20—Treatment or purification of solutions, e.g. obtained by leaching
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B3/00—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes
- C22B3/20—Treatment or purification of solutions, e.g. obtained by leaching
- C22B3/26—Treatment or purification of solutions, e.g. obtained by leaching by liquid-liquid extraction using organic compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B3/00—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes
- C22B3/20—Treatment or purification of solutions, e.g. obtained by leaching
- C22B3/26—Treatment or purification of solutions, e.g. obtained by leaching by liquid-liquid extraction using organic compounds
- C22B3/38—Treatment or purification of solutions, e.g. obtained by leaching by liquid-liquid extraction using organic compounds containing phosphorus
- C22B3/384—Pentavalent phosphorus oxyacids, esters thereof
- C22B3/3842—Phosphinic acid, e.g. H2P(O)(OH)
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
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- Geology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
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Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US08/488,128 US5650057A (en) | 1993-07-29 | 1995-06-07 | Chloride assisted hydrometallurgical extraction of metal |
| PCT/CA1996/000365 WO1996041029A2 (en) | 1995-06-07 | 1996-06-07 | Chloride assisted hydrometallurgical extraction of nickel and cobalt from sulphide ores |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| BG102132A BG102132A (en) | 1998-07-31 |
| BG62180B1 true BG62180B1 (bg) | 1999-04-30 |
Family
ID=23938434
Family Applications (3)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| BG102133A BG62178B1 (bg) | 1995-06-07 | 1997-12-18 | Хидрометалургично извличане на метал с помощта на хлорид |
| BG102132A BG62180B1 (bg) | 1995-06-07 | 1997-12-18 | Хидрометалургично извличане на никел и кобалт от сулфиднируди с помощта на хлорид |
| BG102149A BG62290B1 (bg) | 1995-06-07 | 1997-12-23 | Хидрометалургично извличане на метал с помощта на хлорид |
Family Applications Before (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| BG102133A BG62178B1 (bg) | 1995-06-07 | 1997-12-18 | Хидрометалургично извличане на метал с помощта на хлорид |
Family Applications After (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| BG102149A BG62290B1 (bg) | 1995-06-07 | 1997-12-23 | Хидрометалургично извличане на метал с помощта на хлорид |
Country Status (23)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5650057A (ja) |
| EP (5) | EP0832302B1 (ja) |
| JP (3) | JP4180655B2 (ja) |
| KR (1) | KR100426231B1 (ja) |
| CN (3) | CN1057344C (ja) |
| AU (3) | AU694960C (ja) |
| BG (3) | BG62178B1 (ja) |
| BR (3) | BR9608624A (ja) |
| CA (6) | CA2456772A1 (ja) |
| DE (5) | DE69610208T2 (ja) |
| DK (3) | DK0832302T3 (ja) |
| ES (3) | ES2153950T3 (ja) |
| FI (2) | FI116905B (ja) |
| GT (2) | GT199600014A (ja) |
| NO (1) | NO975707L (ja) |
| OA (1) | OA10643A (ja) |
| PE (2) | PE30096A1 (ja) |
| PL (3) | PL323593A1 (ja) |
| RU (3) | RU2178007C2 (ja) |
| TR (5) | TR199701570T1 (ja) |
| TW (2) | TW408186B (ja) |
| WO (3) | WO1996041026A1 (ja) |
| ZA (1) | ZA964866B (ja) |
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| US5650057A (en) * | 1993-07-29 | 1997-07-22 | Cominco Engineering Services Ltd. | Chloride assisted hydrometallurgical extraction of metal |
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| US5976218A (en) * | 1996-05-10 | 1999-11-02 | Henkel Corporation | Process for the recovery of nickel |
| ZA987219B (en) * | 1997-08-15 | 2000-02-14 | Cominco Eng Services | Chloride assisted hydrometallurgical extraction of metal. |
| AUPP543798A0 (en) * | 1998-08-24 | 1998-09-17 | Technological Resources Pty Limited | Hydrometallurgical extraction of copper and other valuable metals |
| EP1165862A1 (en) * | 1999-01-21 | 2002-01-02 | GA-TEK Inc. | Process for recovering copper from a high acid mixed metal solution |
| AUPQ578200A0 (en) * | 2000-02-22 | 2000-03-16 | Anaconda Nickel Limited | Method for the recovery of nickel and/or cobalt |
| US6231823B1 (en) | 2000-03-27 | 2001-05-15 | Dynatec Corporation | Solvent extraction process for the separation of cobalt from nickel in aqueous sulphate-containing solutions |
| EA005285B1 (ru) | 2000-07-25 | 2004-12-30 | Фелпс Додж Корпорейшн | Способ извлечения меди из содержащего медь материала |
| US6428604B1 (en) * | 2000-09-18 | 2002-08-06 | Inco Limited | Hydrometallurgical process for the recovery of nickel and cobalt values from a sulfidic flotation concentrate |
| US20050126923A1 (en) * | 2001-07-25 | 2005-06-16 | Phelps Dodge Corporation | Process for recovery of copper from copper-bearing material using medium temperature pressure leaching, direct electrowinning and solvent/solution extraction |
| US7476308B2 (en) * | 2001-07-25 | 2009-01-13 | Phelps Dodge Corporation | Process for multiple stage direct electrowinning of copper |
| BR0212518A (pt) * | 2001-09-13 | 2004-08-24 | Intec Ltd | Processo para a recuperação de zinco metálico de um mineral de zinco, métodos para a remoção de manganês de uma solução de haleto metálico, e para remoção de prata e/ou mercúrio dissolvidos de uma solução de haleto metálico, e, qualquer metal |
| CA2387633C (en) * | 2002-05-24 | 2011-04-26 | Cominco Engineering Services Ltd. | Chloride assisted hydrometallurgical extraction of metals |
| KR100486269B1 (ko) * | 2002-10-07 | 2005-04-29 | 삼성전자주식회사 | 고 선명 텔레비전의 반송파 복구 장치 및 방법. |
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| AU2004324610B2 (en) * | 2004-10-29 | 2009-05-21 | Freeport-Mcmoran Corporation | Process for recovery of copper from copper-bearing material using pressure leaching, direct electrowinning and solvent/solution extraction |
| US7736487B2 (en) | 2004-10-29 | 2010-06-15 | Freeport-Mcmoran Corporation | Process for recovery of copper from copper-bearing material using pressure leaching, direct electrowinning and solution extraction |
| EP1812625B1 (en) * | 2004-10-29 | 2011-11-02 | Freeport-McMoran Corporation | Process for multiple stage direct electrowinning of copper |
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| JP4717908B2 (ja) | 2008-08-11 | 2011-07-06 | Ｊｘ日鉱日石金属株式会社 | 銅を含有する塩化物浴からの銅の回収方法 |
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| FI122188B (fi) * | 2010-03-18 | 2011-09-30 | Outotec Oyj | Hydrometallurginen menetelmä metallisen nikkelin valmistamiseksi |
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| CN102002586B (zh) * | 2010-12-04 | 2012-09-26 | 金川集团有限公司 | 一种含镍高钴硫化物浸出工艺 |
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| BR112015001602A2 (pt) * | 2012-07-23 | 2017-08-22 | Vale S/A | Recuperação de metais básicos de minérios e de concentrados de sulfeto |
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| CN113046574B (zh) * | 2021-03-17 | 2022-07-29 | 沈阳有色金属研究院有限公司 | 一种利用铜电解脱铜后液处理粗氢氧化钴制备高纯镍、钴产品的方法 |
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| DE3140380C2 (de) * | 1981-10-10 | 1985-04-11 | Gebrüder Sulzer AG, Winterthur | Verfahren zur Gewinnung von Nickel, hochreinem Magnesiumoxid und Zement |
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-
1995
- 1995-06-07 US US08/488,128 patent/US5650057A/en not_active Ceased
- 1995-11-24 PE PE28564895A patent/PE30096A1/es not_active Application Discontinuation
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1996
- 1996-01-04 RU RU98100436A patent/RU2178007C2/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-01-04 CA CA 2456772 patent/CA2456772A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1996-01-04 PL PL32359396A patent/PL323593A1/xx unknown
- 1996-01-04 DK DK96900023T patent/DK0832302T3/da active
- 1996-01-04 CA CA 2221930 patent/CA2221930C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-01-04 AU AU42960/96A patent/AU694960C/en not_active Expired
- 1996-01-04 EP EP96900023A patent/EP0832302B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-01-04 WO PCT/CA1996/000003 patent/WO1996041026A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1996-01-04 DE DE69610208T patent/DE69610208T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-01-04 TR TR97/01570T patent/TR199701570T1/xx unknown
- 1996-01-04 BR BR9608624A patent/BR9608624A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-01-04 ES ES96900023T patent/ES2153950T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
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- 1996-01-04 JP JP50001897A patent/JP4180655B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1996-01-19 DE DE69612617T patent/DE69612617T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-01-19 CN CN96194458A patent/CN1052265C/zh not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-01-19 EP EP96900783A patent/EP0832303B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-01-19 WO PCT/CA1996/000036 patent/WO1996041027A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1996-01-19 ES ES96900783T patent/ES2159351T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-01-19 RU RU98100309A patent/RU2179192C2/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-01-19 BR BR9608499A patent/BR9608499A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-01-19 TR TR97/01568T patent/TR199701568T1/xx unknown
- 1996-01-19 AU AU44766/96A patent/AU709602B2/en not_active Expired
- 1996-01-19 CA CA 2221781 patent/CA2221781C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-01-19 PL PL96323799A patent/PL190594B1/pl not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-01-19 KR KR1019970709048A patent/KR100426231B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-01-19 JP JP50001997A patent/JP3609421B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1996-01-23 TW TW85100737A patent/TW408186B/zh active
- 1996-04-17 GT GT199600014A patent/GT199600014A/es unknown
- 1996-06-04 GT GT199600038A patent/GT199600038A/es unknown
- 1996-06-04 PE PE00040596A patent/PE11197A1/es not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1996-06-06 TW TW85106766A patent/TW493008B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-06-07 EP EP19980204323 patent/EP0924307B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-06-07 BR BR9608483A patent/BR9608483A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-06-07 EP EP19960915925 patent/EP0832306B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-06-07 ZA ZA964866A patent/ZA964866B/xx unknown
- 1996-06-07 DE DE1996629845 patent/DE69629845T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1996-06-07 DE DE69606036T patent/DE69606036T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1996-06-07 DK DK98204322T patent/DK0930373T3/da active
- 1996-06-07 DK DK96915925T patent/DK0832306T3/da active
- 1996-06-07 WO PCT/CA1996/000365 patent/WO1996041029A2/en active IP Right Grant
- 1996-06-07 CA CA 2356050 patent/CA2356050C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-06-07 EP EP19980204322 patent/EP0930373B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-06-07 CA CA002221940A patent/CA2221940C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-06-07 CN CN96194455A patent/CN1055971C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1996-06-07 TR TR97/01569T patent/TR199701569T1/xx unknown
- 1996-06-07 JP JP50003697A patent/JP3609422B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1996-06-07 RU RU98100271A patent/RU2174562C2/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-06-07 AU AU58889/96A patent/AU708844B2/en not_active Expired
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1997
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- 1997-12-05 FI FI974427A patent/FI116905B/fi not_active IP Right Cessation
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