WO2016140024A1 - 感光性樹脂組成物、樹脂硬化膜の製造方法および半導体装置 - Google Patents
感光性樹脂組成物、樹脂硬化膜の製造方法および半導体装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2016140024A1 WO2016140024A1 PCT/JP2016/053765 JP2016053765W WO2016140024A1 WO 2016140024 A1 WO2016140024 A1 WO 2016140024A1 JP 2016053765 W JP2016053765 W JP 2016053765W WO 2016140024 A1 WO2016140024 A1 WO 2016140024A1
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G03F7/0387—Polyamides or polyimides
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to a photosensitive resin composition. More specifically, an insulating film in contact with an electrode or wiring made of a metal material, for example, a surface protective film of a semiconductor element, an interlayer insulating film, a photosensitive resin composition suitably used for an insulating layer of an organic electroluminescent element, and the like
- the present invention relates to a method for producing a cured resin film and a semiconductor device.
- polyimide resins, polybenzoxazole resins, and the like that are excellent in heat resistance, mechanical properties, and the like have been widely used for surface protective films and interlayer insulating films of semiconductor elements of electronic devices.
- polyimide or polybenzoxazole is used as a surface protective film or an interlayer insulating film
- one method for forming a through hole or the like is etching using a positive photoresist.
- this method has a problem that it requires a step of applying and removing a photoresist and is complicated. Therefore, studies have been made on heat-resistant materials to which photosensitivity is imparted for the purpose of rationalizing work processes.
- polyimide and polybenzoxazole thermally dehydrate and cyclize their precursor coating film to obtain a thin film having excellent heat resistance and mechanical properties.
- high temperature firing is usually required at around 350 ° C.
- MRAM Magnetic Resistive Random Access Memory
- polybenzoxazole resins are desired.
- a method for obtaining a polyimide resin or polybenzoxazole resin that is cured by baking at a low temperature a method for introducing a ring closure accelerator, a method for introducing an organic group that promotes ring closure at a low temperature into a unit structure, and alkali solubility
- a method using polyimide or polybenzoxazole which has been previously closed and ring-closed is mentioned.
- the heat-resistant resin composition when used for a semiconductor or the like, since the film after heat curing remains as a permanent film in the device, the physical properties of the cured film after heating are very important.
- adhesion with the material formed on the surface of the semiconductor chip is important.
- adhesion with a metal material used for electrodes, wiring, etc. is important.
- the resin composition containing the above low-temperature curable resin has a problem of low adhesion to the metal used as the wiring material.
- a heat-resistant resin is considered not to have high adhesion strength with a metal material due to its rigid main chain structure, and in particular, in the case of a cured resin film formed from a resin composition imparted with photosensitivity, the composition is Since the additives such as the photosensitizer, sensitizer, acid generator, and dissolution regulator, which remain, remain in the cured film even after heat curing, the adhesion strength is lower than those containing no additive.
- the cured resin film is required to have chemical resistance that can withstand these processes.
- Polyimide and polybenzoxazole are inherently high chemical resistance resins, but when imparted photosensitivity or low-temperature firing, the chemical resistance of the cured resin film may be insufficient due to residual additive components. there were.
- improvement in chemical resistance by increasing the film density by adding a thermal acid generator or a polymer cross-linking agent has been studied (see Patent Documents 1 and 2).
- the adhesion to the substrate tends to be further lowered, and there is a demand for a material that can achieve both high chemical resistance and adhesion to the wiring.
- Specific examples of the method for improving the adhesion to a metal material include an alkali aqueous solution-soluble polymer, a photoacid generator, and four or more specific functional groups directly bonded to an Al atom, Ti atom, or Si atom.
- a positive-type photosensitive resin composition comprising a silane compound (see Patent Document 3), a heat-resistant resin precursor composition comprising a heat-resistant resin precursor such as a polyimide precursor and a specific amino compound or thiol derivative (Patent Document 4) Reference).
- An object of the present invention is to provide a photosensitive resin composition capable of obtaining a cured film having excellent chemical adhesion and excellent adhesion to a metal material, particularly copper, even at a low temperature firing of 250 ° C. or lower.
- the photosensitive resin composition of the present invention has the following constitution. That is, a photosensitive material containing at least one alkali-soluble resin selected from polyimide, polybenzoxazole, polyimide precursor, polybenzoxazole precursor, and a copolymer of two or more polymers selected from these and a photosensitizer. It is a photosensitive resin composition, Comprising: It is the photosensitive resin composition which further contains the compound represented by following General formula (1).
- R 1 and R 2 each independently represents a monovalent organic group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms.
- X represents an oxygen or sulfur atom.
- the present invention also includes a step of applying and drying the photosensitive resin composition on a substrate to obtain a resin film, a step of exposing the resin film obtained by the step, and a step of exposing the resin film. It includes a method for producing a cured resin film comprising a step of developing using an aqueous alkali solution to form a pattern by a resin film, and a step of heat-treating the resin film after the development.
- the present invention also provides a photosensitive uncured sheet comprising a step of applying and drying the photosensitive resin composition on a substrate to obtain a resin film, and a step of peeling the resin film obtained by the step. Includes manufacturing methods.
- the present invention also includes a semiconductor device in which a cured film of the above-described photosensitive resin composition is formed as an interlayer insulating film on a semiconductor element, and wiring is formed on the cured film. Further, the present invention provides a semiconductor in which a cured film of the above-described photosensitive resin composition is formed as an interlayer insulating film on a substrate composed of two or more materials, and wiring is formed on the cured film. Including equipment.
- the photosensitive resin composition of the present invention can provide a cured film having excellent adhesion to metal materials, particularly copper, and high chemical resistance even during low-temperature firing.
- the photosensitive resin composition of the present invention comprises one or more alkali-soluble resins selected from polyimides, polybenzoxazoles, polyimide precursors, polybenzoxazole precursors, and copolymers of two or more polymers selected from these.
- R 1 and R 2 each independently represents a monovalent organic group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms.
- X represents an oxygen or sulfur atom.
- the heat-resistant resin composition of the present invention comprises one or more alkali-soluble resins selected from polyimides, polybenzoxazoles, polyimide precursors, polybenzoxazole precursors, and copolymers of two or more polymers selected from these.
- alkali-soluble means dissolving in an aqueous solution of alkali such as tetramethylammonium hydroxide, choline, triethylamine, dimethylaminopyridine, monoethanolamine, diethylaminoethanol, sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, sodium carbonate. Means. Specifically, it is preferable to dissolve in a 2.38% by weight tetramethylammonium hydroxide aqueous solution.
- Polyimide and polybenzoxazole are resins having a cyclic structure of an imide ring or an oxazole ring in the main chain structure.
- the polyimide precursor and the polybenzoxazole precursor which are those precursors are resin which forms an imide ring and a benzoxazole ring structure, respectively, by carrying out dehydration ring closure.
- the number of repeating structural units in these polymers is preferably 10 to 100,000. If it is this range, since it has sufficient heat resistance and mechanical characteristics as a resin material and a problem does not arise also about photosensitive performance, it is preferable.
- Polyimide can be obtained by reacting tetracarboxylic acid, corresponding tetracarboxylic dianhydride, tetracarboxylic diester dichloride, etc. with diamine, corresponding diisocyanate compound, trimethylsilylated diamine, etc. And has a diamine residue.
- a polyimide can be obtained by dehydrating and ring-closing polyamic acid, which is one of polyimide precursors obtained by reacting tetracarboxylic dianhydride and diamine, by heat treatment. During this heat treatment, a solvent azeotropic with water such as m-xylene can be added.
- a dehydration condensation agent such as carboxylic acid anhydride or dicyclohexylcarbodiimide or a ring closure catalyst such as a base such as triethylamine may be added, and dehydration ring closure may be performed by chemical heat treatment.
- a weakly acidic carboxylic acid compound and perform dehydration and ring closure by heat treatment at a low temperature of 100 ° C. or lower.
- Polybenzoxazole can be obtained by reacting a bisaminophenol compound with a dicarboxylic acid, a corresponding dicarboxylic acid chloride, a dicarboxylic acid active ester, etc., and has a dicarboxylic acid residue and a bisaminophenol residue.
- polybenzoxazole can be obtained by dehydrating and ring-closing polyhydroxyamide, which is one of polybenzoxazole precursors obtained by reacting a bisaminophenol compound and dicarboxylic acid, by heat treatment.
- phosphoric anhydride, a base, a carbodiimide compound, and the like can be added, and dehydration and ring closure can be performed by chemical treatment.
- the photosensitive resin composition of the present invention contains a photosensitive agent.
- the photosensitizer include a photoacid generator, a photopolymerization initiator, and a combination of compounds having two or more ethylenically unsaturated bonds.
- the acid generated in the light-irradiated part accelerates the cross-linking reaction of the epoxy compound or the thermal cross-linking agent, and the light-irradiated part becomes insoluble. You can also get a pattern.
- the active radicals generated in the light-irradiated part promote radical polymerization of ethylenically unsaturated bonds, and the light-irradiated part becomes insoluble. A negative relief pattern can be obtained.
- photoacid generators examples include quinonediazide compounds, sulfonium salts, phosphonium salts, diazonium salts, and iodonium salts.
- quinonediazide sulfonic acid is ester-bonded to a polyhydroxy compound
- quinonediazide sulfonic acid is sulfonamide-bonded to a polyamino compound
- quinonediazide sulfonic acid is ester-bonded and / or sulfonamide. Examples include those that are combined. It is preferable that 50 mol% or more of the total functional groups of these polyhydroxy compounds and polyamino compounds are substituted with quinonediazide.
- the resin film has good solubility in an alkaline developer in the exposed area, and a fine pattern with high contrast with the unexposed area can be obtained. .
- both a compound having a 5-naphthoquinonediazidesulfonyl group and a compound having a 4-naphthoquinonediazidesulfonyl group are preferably used.
- the 4-naphthoquinonediazide sulfonyl ester compound has absorption in the i-line region of a mercury lamp and is suitable for i-line exposure.
- the 5-naphthoquinone diazide sulfonyl ester compound has absorption up to the g-line region of a mercury lamp and is suitable for g-line exposure.
- it may contain a naphthoquinone diazide sulfonyl ester compound having a 4-naphthoquinone diazide sulfonyl group and a 5-naphthoquinone diazide sulfonyl group in the same molecule, or a 4-naphthoquinone diazide sulfonyl ester compound and a 5-naphthoquinone diazide sulfonyl ester compound. You may contain both.
- sulfonium salts phosphonium salts, and diazonium salts are preferable because they moderately stabilize the acid component generated by exposure.
- sulfonium salts are preferred.
- it can also contain a sensitizer etc. as needed.
- photopolymerization initiators diethoxyacetophenone, 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-phenylpropan-1-one, benzyldimethyl ketal, 1- (4-isopropylphenyl) -2-hydroxy-2-methylpropane- 1-one, 4- (2-hydroxyethoxy) phenyl- (2-hydroxy-2-propyl) ketone, 1-hydroxycyclohexyl-phenylketone, 1-phenyl-1,2-propanedione-2- (o-ethoxy) Carbonyl) oxime, 2-methyl- [4- (methylthio) phenyl] -2-morpholinopropan-1-one, 2-benzyl-2-dimethylamino-1- (4-morpholinophenyl) -butanone-1, Benzoin, benzoin methyl ether, benzoin ethyl ether, benzoin isopropyl Ether, benzoin isobutyl ether, benzophenone, methyl o-
- Examples of compounds having two or more ethylenically unsaturated bonds include ethylene glycol dimethacrylate, ethylene glycol diacrylate, diethylene glycol dimethacrylate, trimethylolpropane triacrylate, ethoxylated bisphenol A dimethacrylate, glycerin dimethacrylate, and tripropylene glycol dimethacrylate.
- acrylic monomers such as butanediol dimethacrylate, glycerin triacrylate, pentaerythritol triacrylate, pentaerythritol tetraacrylate, dipentaerythritol hexaacrylate, ethoxylated pentaerythritol tetraacrylate, ethoxylated isocyanuric acid triacrylate
- acrylic monomers such as butanediol dimethacrylate, glycerin triacrylate, pentaerythritol triacrylate, pentaerythritol tetraacrylate, dipentaerythritol hexaacrylate, ethoxylated pentaerythritol tetraacrylate, ethoxylated isocyanuric acid triacrylate
- it is not limited to these.
- the content of the photosensitive agent is preferably 0.05 to 50 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the alkali-soluble resin.
- the content is preferably 0.01 to 50 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the alkali-soluble resin from the viewpoint of increasing sensitivity.
- the content of the quinonediazide compound is preferably 3 to 40 parts by weight.
- the total content of the sulfonium salt, phosphonium salt and diazonium salt is preferably 0.5 to 20 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the alkali-soluble resin. This content is preferable because sufficient acid is generated by light irradiation and the sensitivity is improved. Further, if the content of the photoacid generator is 20 parts by weight or less, it is preferable because a residual of the development pattern does not occur.
- the content of the photopolymerization initiator is preferably 0.1 to 20 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the alkali-soluble resin. If the content is 0.1 parts by weight or more, sufficient radicals are generated by light irradiation, and the sensitivity is improved. Moreover, if content is 20 weight part or less, a light non-irradiation part will not harden
- the content of the compound having two or more ethylenically unsaturated bonds is preferably 5 to 50 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the alkali-soluble resin. A content of 5 parts by weight or more is preferable because a cured resin film having high mechanical properties can be obtained by crosslinking. If content is 50 weight part or less, since a sensitivity is not impaired, it is preferable.
- the compound having one ethylenically unsaturated bond may be contained in an amount of 1 to 50 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the alkali-soluble resin. If the content is 1 part by weight or more, the resin film is adjusted to an appropriate solubility, and a developed film having a high residual film ratio can be obtained. If content is 50 weight part or less, since a sensitivity is not impaired, it is preferable.
- Examples of such compounds are acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, methyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate, butyl acrylate, hydroxyethyl acrylate, hydroxyethyl methacrylate, dimethylacrylamide, dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate, acryloyl morphophore, 1-hydroxyethyl ⁇ -chloroacrylate, 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate, 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate, 2-hydroxyethyl ⁇ -chloroacrylate, 1-hydroxypropyl methacrylate, 1-hydroxypropyl acrylate, 1-hydroxypropyl ⁇ -chloroacrylate, 2-hydroxy Propyl methacrylate, 2-hydroxypropyl acrylate, 2-hydroxypropyl ⁇ -chloroacrylate, 3-hydroxy Propyl methacrylate, 3-hydroxypropyl acrylate, 3-hydroxypropyl ⁇ -chloroacrylate, 1-hydroxy-1-methylethyl methacrylate, 1-hydroxy-1-methyl
- the photosensitive resin composition of the present invention contains a urea compound represented by the general formula (1) as an essential component.
- the urea compound is a urea compound or a thiourea compound. It is represented by one or more alkali-soluble resins selected from polyimides, polybenzoxazoles, polyimide precursors, polybenzoxazole precursors and copolymers of two or more polymers selected from these and the general formula (1)
- the urea-based compound By containing the urea-based compound, the adhesion between the fired cured film and the metal material, particularly copper, can be remarkably improved. This is because the nitrogen part of the compound represented by the general formula (1) interacts with the metal surface, and the urea structure has a three-dimensional structure that easily interacts with the metal surface. Due to these effects, even when the resin composition is imparted with photosensitivity and contains an additive, a cured resin film having excellent adhesion to the metal material can be obtained.
- R 1 and R 2 represent a monovalent organic group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms. R 1 and R 2 may be the same or different.
- X represents an oxygen or sulfur atom.
- R 1 and R 2 are not hydrogen, the basicity of nitrogen of the urea compound is increased, and the problem that the photosensitizer is deactivated is not preferable.
- R 1 and R 2 are not hydrogen, which is preferable in that the adhesiveness does not deteriorate under high humidity.
- R 1 and R 2 are alkyl group, cycloalkyl group, alkoxy group, alkyl ether group, alkylsilyl group, alkoxysilyl group, aryl group, aryl ether group, carboxyl group, carbonyl group, allyl group, vinyl group , Heterocyclic groups, and combinations thereof. These groups may further have a substituent.
- alkyl group a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group, a butyl group, a pentyl group, and a hexyl group are preferable from the viewpoint of metal adhesion and stability.
- cycloalkyl group a cyclopropyl group, a cyclobutyl group, a cyclopentyl group, and a cyclohexyl group are preferable.
- alkoxy group a methoxy group, an ethoxy group, a propoxy group, a butoxy group and a pentoxy group are preferable.
- the alkoxysilyl group is preferably a methoxysilyl group, an ethoxysilyl group, a propoxysilyl group, or a butoxysilyl group from the viewpoint of stability and adhesion.
- aryl group a phenyl group, a tolyl group, a xylyl group, and a naphthyl group are preferable.
- heterocyclic group triazole group, pyrrole group, furan group, thiophene group, imidazole group, oxazole group, thiazole group, pyrazole group, isoxazole group, isothiazole group, tetrazole group, pyridine group, pyridazine group, pyrimidine group, Pyrazine group, piperidine group, piperidine group, piperazine group, morpholine group, 2H-pyran group, 6H-pyran group, triazine group and the like are preferable.
- the compound represented by the general formula (1) is more preferably an organic group in which at least one of R 1 and R 2 has an alkoxysilyl group.
- the adhesion to the substrate can be further improved, and it can be suitably used for a substrate having a more complicated surface made of a plurality of materials.
- the base material is silicon, silicon nitride, silicon oxide, or a sealing resin substrate and a substrate on which metal wiring is formed
- the urea site improves adhesion to the metal and alkoxysilyl
- the group is particularly preferable because adhesion to silicon, silicon nitride, silicon oxide, or a sealing resin can be improved.
- one of R 1 and R 2 is an organic group having an alkoxysilyl group, and the other is an alkyl group having a small steric hindrance.
- the alkyl group having a small steric hindrance is preferably a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group or a butyl group, and most preferably a methyl group.
- the alkoxysilyl group is preferably a methoxysilyl group, an ethoxysilyl group, a propoxysilyl group or a butoxysilyl group from the viewpoint of stability and adhesion, and more preferably a methoxysilyl group having a small steric hindrance.
- Specific examples of the organic group having an alkoxysilyl group include a trimethoxysilylpropyl group and a triethoxysilylpropyl group.
- the compound represented by the general formula (1) is particularly preferably a thiourea compound. That is, it is preferable that X in the general formula (1) is a sulfur atom.
- a compound containing nitrogen when added to the photosensitive resin composition, the sensitivity may be impaired by the interaction between the photosensitizer and the urea compound, but when the compound containing nitrogen is a thiourea compound, The basicity is maintained properly, and the effect of improving the adhesion can be obtained without reducing the sensitivity.
- thiourea compounds having an alkoxysilyl group include the following, but are not limited to the following structures.
- the addition amount of the compound represented by the general formula (1) is preferably 0.01 to 5.0 parts by weight, more preferably 0.1 to 5.0 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the alkali-soluble resin. When the addition amount is less than 0.1 parts by weight, it is difficult to obtain the effect of improving the adhesion to the metal material. On the other hand, when the addition amount is more than 5.0 parts by weight, the photosensitizer is affected by the basicity, and the sensitivity of the resin composition may be lowered.
- the addition amount of the compound represented by the general formula (1) is more preferably 0.2 parts by weight or more. The addition amount is more preferably 3.0 parts by weight or less.
- alkali-soluble resin contained in the photosensitive resin composition those containing a structure represented by the following general formula (2) or (3) are preferable.
- R 3 and R 7 each independently represents a tetravalent organic group having 6 to 40 carbon atoms
- R 4 and R 6 each independently represents 2 having 2 to 40 carbon atoms
- R 5 represents hydrogen or a monovalent organic group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms
- l, m, n, and o each independently represents an integer of 0 to 10,000, and l + m> 1 , N + o> 1.
- R 3 represents a tetravalent organic group having 6 to 40 carbon atoms
- R 4 represents a divalent organic group having 2 to 40 carbon atoms.
- R 3 and R 4 are preferably those having an aromatic ring and / or an aliphatic ring. When a plurality of R 3 and R 4 are included, each of R 3 and R 4 may be composed of only a single structure or may include a plurality of structures.
- R 3 represents a tetracarboxylic acid residue derived from a tetracarboxylic acid that is a raw material for the alkali-soluble resin.
- tetracarboxylic acids constituting R 3 include pyromellitic acid, 3,3 ′, 4,4′-biphenyltetracarboxylic acid, 2,3,3 ′, 4′-biphenyltetracarboxylic acid, 2,2 ′ , 3,3′-biphenyltetracarboxylic acid, 3,3 ′, 4,4′-benzophenone tetracarboxylic acid, 2,2 ′, 3,3′-benzophenone tetracarboxylic acid, 2,2-bis (3,4) -Dicarboxyphenyl) hexafluoropropane, 2,2-bis (2,3-dicarboxyphenyl) hexafluoropropane, 1,1-bis (3,4-dicarbox
- R 4 represents a diamine residue derived from a diamine that is a raw material of the alkali-soluble resin.
- the diamine constituting R 4 include 2,2-bis (3-amino-4-hydroxyphenyl) hexafluoropropane, bis (3-amino-4-hydroxyphenyl) sulfone, 2,2-bis (3 -Amino-4-hydroxyphenyl) propane, bis (3-amino-4-hydroxyphenyl) methane, bis (3-amino-4-hydroxyphenyl) ether, 3,3'-diamino-4,4'-biphenol, Hydroxyl group-containing diamines such as 9,9-bis (3-amino-4-hydroxyphenyl) fluorene; sulfonic acid group-containing diamines such as 3-sulfonic acid-4,4′-diaminodiphenyl ether; Thiols such as dimercaptophenylenediamine Group-containing diamines; 3,4'
- aliphatic diamines include ethylenediamine, 1,3-diaminopropane, 2-methyl-1,3-propanediamine, 1,4-diaminobutane, 1,5-diaminopentane, 2-methyl-1,5- Diaminopentane, 1,6-diaminohexane, 1,7-diaminoheptane, 1,8-diaminooctane, 1,9-diaminononane, 1,10-diaminodecane, 1,11-diaminoundecane, 1,12-diaminododecane 1,2-cyclohexanediamine, 1,3-cyclohexanediamine, 1,4-cyclohexanediamine, 1,2-bis (aminomethyl) cyclohexane, 1,3-bis (aminomethyl) cyclohexane, 1,4-bis ( Amino
- a part of hydrogen atoms of these hydrocarbons may be substituted with an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a fluoroalkyl group, a halogen atom, or the like.
- —S—, —SO—, —SO 2 —, —NH—, —NCH 3 —, —N (CH 2 CH 3 ) —, —N (CH 2 CH 2 CH 3 ) —, —N (CH A bond such as (CH 3 ) 2 ) —, —COO—, —CONH—, —OCONH—, or —NHCONH— may be included in the molecule.
- the residue derived from the aliphatic alkyl diamine is preferably 10 mol% or more in all diamine derivative residues, and from the viewpoint of heat resistance, it is 50 mol% or less. Is preferred.
- an aromatic diamine in an amount of 50 mol% or more of the total diamine.
- the alkali-soluble resin containing the structure represented by the general formula (2) preferably contains a phenolic hydroxyl group, a sulfonic acid group, a thiol group, and the like.
- R 3 and R 4 in the general formula (2) include a phenolic hydroxyl group, a sulfonic acid group, a thiol group, and the like.
- a resin having an appropriate amount of these functional groups By using a resin having an appropriate amount of these functional groups, a photosensitive resin composition having an appropriate alkali solubility can be obtained.
- R 3 and R 4 may include both a structure containing these functional groups and a structure not containing them.
- R 5 represents hydrogen or an organic group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms.
- R 5 is preferably a hydrocarbon group, but hydrogen is preferable from the viewpoint of solubility in an alkaline developer. It is also preferable to mix hydrogen and hydrocarbon groups.
- a preferred range is that 10 mol% to 90 mol% of R 5 is hydrogen.
- the organic group has 20 or less carbon atoms, and more preferably 16 or less.
- R 5 preferably contains one or more hydrocarbon groups having 1 to 16 carbon atoms, and the others are hydrogen.
- R 6 represents a divalent organic group having 2 to 40 carbon atoms
- R 7 represents a tetravalent organic group having 6 to 40 carbon atoms.
- R 6 and R 7 are preferably those having an aromatic ring and / or an aliphatic ring. When a plurality of R 6 and R 7 are included, each of R 6 and R 7 may be composed of only a single structure or may include a plurality of structures.
- R 6 represents a dicarboxylic acid residue or a tetracarboxylic acid residue derived from a dicarboxylic acid or a tetracarboxylic acid that is a raw material of the alkali-soluble resin.
- dicarboxylic acids examples include terephthalic acid, isophthalic acid, diphenyl ether dicarboxylic acid, bis (carboxyphenyl) hexafluoropropane, biphenyl dicarboxylic acid, benzophenone dicarboxylic acid, and triphenyl dicarboxylic acid.
- dicarboxylic acids examples include trimesic acid, diphenyl ether tricarboxylic acid, and biphenyl tricarboxylic acid.
- tetracarboxylic acid are the same as the compounds given as examples of R 3 . Two or more of these may be used.
- R 7 represents a bisaminophenol residue derived from bisaminophenol as a raw material for the alkali-soluble resin.
- bisaminophenol include 3,3′-diamino-4,4′-dihydroxybiphenyl, 4,4′-diamino-3,3′-dihydroxybiphenyl, bis (3-amino-4-hydroxy Phenyl) propane, bis (4-amino-3-hydroxyphenyl) propane, bis (3-amino-4-hydroxyphenyl) sulfone, bis (4-amino-3-hydroxyphenyl) sulfone, 2,2-bis (3 -Amino-4-hydroxyphenyl) -1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoropropane, 2,2-bis (4-amino-3-hydroxyphenyl) -1,1,1,3,3 , 3-hexafluoropropane and the like, but are not limited thereto. These compounds may be used alone or in combination of two or
- R 7 in the general formula (3) preferably contains a phenolic hydroxyl group in the structure. Thereby, it becomes the photosensitive resin composition which has moderate alkali solubility.
- the alkali-soluble resin may be a copolymer having a diamine residue containing a phenolic hydroxyl group and another diamine residue as R 7 in the general formula (3).
- the diamine residue which has another structure the diamine residue which does not contain a hydroxyl group is preferable.
- diamines not containing a hydroxyl group examples include sulfonic acid group-containing diamines such as 3-sulfonic acid-4,4′-diaminodiphenyl ether; thiol group-containing diamines such as dimercaptophenylenediamine; 3,4′-diaminodiphenyl ether; 4,4'-diaminodiphenyl ether, 3,4'-diaminodiphenylmethane, 4,4'-diaminodiphenylmethane, 3,4'-diaminodiphenylsulfone, 4,4'-diaminodiphenylsulfone, 3,4'-diaminodiphenyl sulfide 4,4'-diaminodiphenyl sulfide, 1,4-bis (4-aminophenoxy) benzene, benzidine, m-phenylenediamine, p-phenylenediamine,
- an aliphatic diamine that the compounds and.
- the aliphatic diamine include ethylenediamine, 1,3-diaminopropane, 2-methyl-1,3-propanediamine, 1,4-diaminobutane, 1,5-diaminopentane, 2-methyl-1,5- Diaminopentane, 1,6-diaminohexane, 1,7-diaminoheptane, 1,8-diaminooctane, 1,9-diaminononane, 1,10-diaminodecane, 1,11-diaminoundecane, 1,12-diaminododecane 1,2-cyclohexanediamine, 1,3-cyclohexanediamine, 1,4-cyclohexanediamine, 1,2-bis (aminomethyl) cyclohexane, 1,3-bis (aminomethyl) cyclohexane, 1,4-
- a part of hydrogen atoms of these hydrocarbons may be substituted with an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a fluoroalkyl group, a halogen atom, etc., and —S—, —SO—, —SO 2 —, — NH—, —NCH 3 —, —N (CH 2 CH 3 ) —, —N (CH 2 CH 2 CH 3 ) —, —N (CH (CH 3 ) 2 ) —, —COO—, —CONH—, A bond such as —OCONH— or —NHCONH— may be included.
- the use of aliphatic alkyl diamines is preferable because flexibility is imparted and the elongation at break is improved, and the elastic modulus is lowered to suppress the warpage of the wafer. These characteristics are effective in multilayers and thick films.
- the residue derived from the aliphatic alkyl diamine is preferably 10 mol% or more in all diamine residues, and from the viewpoint of heat resistance, it is preferably 50 mol% or less.
- the dicarboxylic acid are the same as the compounds given as examples of R 6 . Two or more of these may be used.
- the alkali-soluble resin has a structure represented by the general formula (2), a structure represented by the general formula (3), and an aliphatic polyamide structure in order to obtain good metal adhesion, sensitivity, and chemical resistance. It is preferable that m> 0 and n> 0. Since the imide structure of the general formula (2) has a high packing property between molecules, a high chemical resistance effect is obtained. Moreover, high contrast of an exposed part and an unexposed part is obtained because the phenolic hydroxyl group of General formula (3) interacts with a photosensitive agent. Sensitivity is improved by the low absorbance of the resin due to the aliphatic polyamide structure.
- the aliphatic polyamide structure having no phenol group does not cause dehydration ring closure at the time of curing and has high flexibility, adhesion reduction due to stress does not occur even after thermosetting.
- the characteristics derived from these structures are preferably copolymerized because it is difficult to obtain an effect with a mixed resin.
- Preferred examples of the monoamine include 5-amino-8-hydroxyquinoline, 1-hydroxy-7-aminonaphthalene, 1-hydroxy-6-aminonaphthalene, 1-hydroxy-5-aminonaphthalene and 1-hydroxy-4-amino.
- acid anhydrides, acid chlorides or monocarboxylic acids include acid anhydrides such as phthalic anhydride, maleic anhydride, nadic acid anhydride, cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid anhydride, and 3-hydroxyphthalic acid anhydride; 3-carboxyphenol, 4-carboxyphenol, 3-carboxythiophenol, 4-carboxythiophenol, 1-hydroxy-7-carboxynaphthalene, 1-hydroxy-6-carboxynaphthalene, 1-hydroxy-5-carboxynaphthalene, 1 Monocarboxylic acids such as mercapto-7-carboxynaphthalene, 1-mercapto-6-carboxynaphthalene, 1-mercapto-5-carboxynaphthalene, 3-carboxybenzenesulfonic acid, 4-carboxybenzenesulfonic acid and their Monoacid chloride compounds in which the xy group is converted to acid chloride; terephthalic acid, phthalic acid,
- the end-capping agent introduced into the resin can be easily detected by the following method.
- a resin into which an end-capping agent has been introduced is dissolved in an acidic solution and decomposed into an amine component and an acid component, which are constituent units of the resin, and this is measured using gas chromatography (GC) or NMR.
- GC gas chromatography
- NMR nuclear magnetic resonance
- the photosensitive resin composition of the present invention is a polyimide, polybenzoxazole, a polyimide precursor, a polybenzoxazole precursor and an alkali-soluble resin selected from a copolymer of two or more polymers selected from these, You may contain other alkali-soluble resin.
- Another alkali-soluble resin refers to a resin having an acidic group that is soluble in alkali. Specifically, radically polymerizable resins having acrylic acid, phenol-novolak resins, resol resins, polyhydroxystyrene, polysiloxane, and cross-linking groups such as methylol groups, alkoxymethyl groups, epoxy groups, and acrylic groups are introduced into them.
- Examples thereof include resins and copolymers thereof. Moreover, you may protect the acidic group of these resin and adjust alkali solubility. Such a resin dissolves in an aqueous alkaline solution such as choline, triethylamine, dimethylaminopyridine, monoethanolamine, diethylaminoethanol, sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, and sodium carbonate in addition to tetramethylammonium hydroxide. You may contain 2 or more types of these resin. The proportion of these other alkali-soluble resins in the entire alkali-soluble resin is preferably 70% by weight or less. By containing these other alkali-soluble resins, the properties of the alkali-soluble resin can be adjusted while maintaining the adhesiveness and excellent sensitivity of the cured resin film.
- aqueous alkaline solution such as choline, triethylamine, dimethylaminopyridine, monoethanolamine, diethylaminoethanol, sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, and sodium carbonate in addition
- a fluorine atom is contained in the structural unit of the alkali-soluble resin.
- a fluorine atom water repellency is imparted to the surface of the cured resin film during development with an alkaline aqueous solution, and soaking of the developer from the surface of the cured resin film can be suppressed.
- it can be set as the resin cured film excellent in chemical resistance by suppressing the penetration of a solvent.
- the alkali-soluble resin represented by the general formula (2) when the total amount of the organic groups represented by R 3 and R 4 is 100 mol%, 30 of the organic groups containing fluorine atoms are included. It is preferable to contain more than mol%. As a result, the effect of suppressing the penetration of solvent and moisture by fluorine can be sufficiently exhibited, and a high adhesion effect can be obtained even under chemical resistance and high humidity.
- a preferable range of the content of the organic group containing a fluorine atom is 30 mol% or more and 90 mol% or less from the viewpoint of chemical resistance and alkali developability.
- the alkali-soluble resin represented by the general formula (3) when the total amount of organic groups represented by R 6 and R 7 is 100 mol%, 30 of the organic groups containing fluorine atoms are included. It is preferable to contain more than mol%, and a more preferable range is 30 mol% or more and 90 mol% or less.
- the photosensitive resin composition preferably further contains a crosslinking agent.
- a crosslinking agent By containing a crosslinking agent, the film strength of the resulting cured resin film can be improved, and a cured resin film excellent in chemical resistance can be obtained.
- the crosslinking between polymers is promoted to improve the strength and chemical resistance of the cured resin film itself, but the interaction with the substrate is reduced. There is a risk of poor adhesion.
- the additive may remain, and thus the adhesiveness tends to be further lowered. Since the resin composition of the present invention contains the compound represented by the general formula (1), even when a crosslinking agent is added to improve the film strength, the adhesion to the substrate can be secured. A cured resin film having high chemical resistance can be obtained.
- a compound having at least two alkoxymethyl groups or methylol groups is preferable.
- a compound having an epoxy group is thermally cross-linked with a polymer at 200 ° C. or lower and does not cause a film shrinkage because a dehydration reaction due to the cross-linking does not occur. It is.
- the compound having an epoxy group include bisphenol A type epoxy resin, bisphenol F type epoxy resin, propylene glycol diglycidyl ether, polypropylene glycol diglycidyl ether, and epoxy group-containing silicone such as polymethyl (glycidyloxypropyl) siloxane. It can mention, but it is not limited to these.
- Epicron registered trademark
- HP-4032 HP-7200, HP-820, HP-4700, EXA-4710, HP-4770, EXA-859CRP, EXA-1514, EXA-4880, EXA-4850-150, EXA-4850-1000, EXA-4816, EXA-4822 (above trade name, manufactured by Dainippon Ink & Chemicals, Inc.), Rica Resin (registered trademark) BEO-60E (hereinafter trade name, Shin Nippon) Rika Co., Ltd.), EP-4003S, EP-4000S (Adeka Co., Ltd.) and the like.
- the content of the crosslinking agent is preferably 0.5 parts by weight or more, more preferably 1 part by weight or more, more preferably 5 parts by weight or more, and further preferably 24 parts by weight or more with respect to 100 parts by weight of the alkali-soluble resin. It is.
- the content of the crosslinking agent is preferably 300 parts by weight or less, more preferably 200 parts by weight or less, and still more preferably 150 parts by weight or less with respect to 100 parts by weight of the alkali-soluble resin. This content is preferable because the adhesiveness to the substrate can be improved while obtaining the strength and chemical resistance of the cured resin film itself.
- a compound having a phenolic hydroxyl group may be contained as long as the shrinkage after curing is not reduced.
- the compound having a phenolic hydroxyl group is, for example, Bis-Z, BisOC-Z, BisOPP-Z, BisP-CP, Bis26X-Z, BisOTBP-Z, BisOCHP-Z, BisOCR-CP, BisP-MZ, BisP-EZ Bis26X-CP, BisP-PZ, BisP-IPZ, BisCR-IPZ, BisOCP-IPZ, BisOIPP-CP, Bis26X-IPZ, BisOTBP-CP, TekP-4HBPA (Tetrakis P-DO-BPA), TrisP-HAP, TrisP -PA, TrisP-SA, TrisOCR-PA, BisOFP-Z, BisRS-2P, BisPG-26X, BisRS-3P, BisOC-OCHP, BisPC-OCHP, Bis25X-OCHP, Bis2 X-OCHP, BisOCHP-OC, Bis236T-OCHP, Methylenetris-FR-CR, BisRS-26X, BisRS-OCHP (above
- preferred compounds having a phenolic hydroxyl group include, for example, Bis-Z, BisP-EZ, TekP-4HBPA, TrisP-HAP, TrisP-PA, BisOCHP-Z, BisP-MZ, BisP-PZ, BisP- IPZ, BisOCP-IPZ, BisP-CP, BisRS-2P, BisRS-3P, BisP-OCHP, Methylenetris-FR-CR, BisRS-26X, BIP-PC, BIR-PC, BIR-PTBP, BIR-BIPC-F Etc.
- particularly preferred compounds having a phenolic hydroxyl group are Bis-Z, TekP-4HBPA, TrisP-HAP, TrisP-PA, BisRS-2P, BisRS-3P, BIR-PC, BIR-PTBP, BIR-BIPC-F. It is.
- the resin composition obtained by containing the compound having a phenolic hydroxyl group hardly dissolves in an alkali developer before exposure, and easily dissolves in an alkali developer upon exposure. Therefore, film loss due to development is small. In addition, development is easy in a short time.
- the content of such a compound having a phenolic hydroxyl group is preferably 1 to 50 parts by weight, more preferably 1 to 30 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the alkali-soluble resin. Within this content range, the compound having a phenolic hydroxyl group interacts with the polymer, so that a high dissolution contrast can be obtained between the exposed area and the unexposed area during development, which is preferable.
- the photosensitive resin composition preferably further contains a solvent.
- Solvents include polar aprotic solvents such as N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, ⁇ -butyrolactone, N, N-dimethylformamide, N, N-dimethylacetamide, dimethyl sulfoxide; tetrahydrofuran, dioxane, propylene glycol monomethyl ether, etc.
- Ethers of acetone ketones such as acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, diisobutyl ketone, diacetone alcohol; esters such as ethyl acetate, propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate, 3-methoxymethylpropanate, 3-ethoxyethylpropanate, ethyl lactate; toluene And aromatic hydrocarbons such as xylene. Two or more of these may be contained.
- the content of the solvent is preferably 100 parts by weight or more and 1500 parts by weight or less with respect to 100 parts by weight of the alkali-soluble resin.
- the photosensitive resin composition can further contain a silane compound.
- a silane compound By containing the silane compound, the adhesion of the cured resin film is improved.
- the silane compound include N-phenylaminoethyltrimethoxysilane, N-phenylaminoethyltriethoxysilane, N-phenylaminopropyltrimethoxysilane, N-phenylaminopropyltriethoxysilane, N-phenylaminobutyltri Methoxysilane, N-phenylaminobutyltriethoxysilane, vinyltrimethoxysilane, vinyltriethoxysilane, vinyltrichlorosilane, vinyltris ( ⁇ -methoxyethoxy) silane, 3-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane, 3-acryloxypropyltri Examples include methoxysilane, p-styryltrimethoxysilane, 3-methacryloxy
- the photosensitive resin composition may contain a surfactant for the purpose of improving the wettability with the substrate, if necessary.
- a surfactant for the purpose of improving the wettability with the substrate, if necessary.
- inorganic particles such as silicon dioxide and titanium dioxide, or polyimide powder may be contained for the purpose of suppressing the thermal expansion coefficient, increasing the dielectric constant, and reducing the dielectric constant.
- the photosensitive resin composition of the present invention will be exemplified.
- Alkali-soluble resin, photosensitizer, and other components as needed in glass flasks and stainless steel containers, stirring and dissolving with a mechanical stirrer, etc., dissolving with ultrasonic waves, stirring with a planetary stirring deaerator
- the method of dissolving is mentioned.
- the viscosity of the photosensitive resin composition is preferably 1 to 10,000 mPa ⁇ s.
- the photosensitive resin composition may be filtered through a filter having a pore size of 0.1 ⁇ m to 5 ⁇ m.
- a pattern of a cured resin film can be obtained through a step of forming a pattern by the above and a step of heat-treating the resin film after development.
- a photosensitive resin composition is applied on a substrate.
- the material for the substrate include, but are not limited to, silicon, ceramics, gallium arsenide, metal, glass, metal oxide insulating film, silicon nitride, and ITO.
- a sealing resin substrate in which a silicon chip or the like is embedded in a sealing resin such as an epoxy resin can also be used.
- the photosensitive resin composition of the present invention is excellent in adhesion to metals, particularly copper, a great effect can be obtained when applied onto a substrate containing metal.
- the substrate can be pretreated with a silane coupling agent.
- a silane coupling agent such as isopropanol, ethanol, methanol, water, tetrahydrofuran, propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate, propylene glycol monomethyl ether, ethyl lactate, or diethyl adipate
- a solvent such as isopropanol, ethanol, methanol, water, tetrahydrofuran, propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate, propylene glycol monomethyl ether, ethyl lactate, or diethyl adipate
- a heat treatment is subsequently performed at 50 ° C. to 300 ° C. to advance the reaction between the substrate and the silane coupling agent.
- coating methods include spin coating using a spinner, spray coating, roll coating, and slit die coating.
- the coating film thickness varies depending on the coating method, the solid content concentration of the photosensitive resin composition, the viscosity, etc., but it is generally applied so that the film thickness after drying is 0.1 to 150 ⁇ m.
- the substrate coated with the photosensitive resin composition is dried to obtain a photosensitive resin film. Drying is preferably performed using an oven, a hot plate, infrared rays, or the like in the range of 50 ° C. to 150 ° C. for 1 minute to several hours.
- the photosensitive resin composition after drying may be peeled from the substrate and used as a photosensitive uncured sheet.
- the photosensitive uncured sheet refers to a sheet-like sheet made of a photosensitive resin composition and not cured.
- actinic radiation is irradiated through a mask having a desired pattern on the photosensitive resin film or the photosensitive uncured sheet (hereinafter, both are collectively referred to as a resin film).
- actinic rays used for exposure include ultraviolet rays, visible rays, electron beams, and X-rays, but it is preferable to use i rays (365 nm), h rays (405 nm), g rays (436 nm), and the like of mercury lamps.
- the dissolved portion may be removed using a developer after exposure.
- the exposed portion dissolves in the case of a positive photosensitive resin composition pattern
- the unexposed portion dissolves in the case of a negative photosensitive resin composition pattern.
- Developers include tetramethylammonium hydroxide, diethanolamine, diethylaminoethanol, sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate, triethylamine, diethylamine, methylamine, dimethylamine, dimethylaminoethyl acetate, dimethylaminoethanol, dimethyl
- An aqueous solution of a compound showing alkalinity such as aminoethyl methacrylate, cyclohexylamine, ethylenediamine, hexamethylenediamine and the like is preferable.
- polar solutions such as N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, N, N-dimethylformamide, N, N-dimethylacetamide, dimethyl sulfoxide, ⁇ -butyrolactone, dimethylacrylamide; methanol, ethanol, isopropanol
- alcohols such as ethyl lactate and propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate
- ketones such as cyclopentanone, cyclohexanone, isobutyl ketone, and methyl isobutyl ketone may be added. After development, it is common to rinse with water.
- one or more alcohols such as ethanol and isopropyl alcohol; esters such as ethyl lactate, propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate, and 3-methoxymethylpropanoate may be added to water.
- This heat treatment is preferably carried out for 5 minutes to 5 hours while raising the temperature stepwise or continuously raising the temperature.
- a method of performing heat treatment at 130 ° C. and 250 ° C. for 30 minutes each, a method of linearly raising the temperature from room temperature to 250 ° C. over 2 hours, and the like can be mentioned.
- the heat treatment is preferably performed at 250 ° C. or lower because there is a risk that the electrical characteristics of the element may change due to high-temperature heating or repetition thereof, and warping of the substrate may increase.
- the heat treatment is more preferably performed at 150 ° C. or higher.
- the resin composition in the present invention can provide a cured resin film excellent in adhesion and chemical resistance even at low temperature baking of 250 ° C. or lower.
- the cured resin film formed from the photosensitive resin composition of the present invention can be used for electronic parts such as semiconductor devices.
- the semiconductor device referred to in the present invention refers to all devices that can function by utilizing the characteristics of semiconductor elements.
- An electro-optical device and a semiconductor circuit substrate in which a semiconductor element is connected to a substrate, a stack of a plurality of semiconductor elements, and an electronic device including these are all included in the semiconductor device. Further, electronic components such as a multilayer wiring board for connecting semiconductor elements are also included in the semiconductor device.
- a semiconductor passivation film, a surface protection film of a semiconductor element, an interlayer insulating film between a semiconductor element and a wiring, an interlayer insulating film between a plurality of semiconductor elements, and an interlayer between wiring layers of a multilayer wiring for high-density mounting Although used suitably for uses, such as an insulating film and an insulating layer of an organic electroluminescent element, it is not restricted to this but can be used for various uses.
- FIG. 1 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a pad portion of a semiconductor device having bumps.
- a passivation film 3 is formed on an input / output Al pad 2 in a silicon wafer 1, and a via hole is formed in the passivation film 3.
- an insulating film 4 formed using the photosensitive resin composition of the present invention is formed thereon, and further a metal film 5 made of Cr, Ti or the like is formed so as to be connected to the Al pad 2. Yes.
- the pads are insulated from each other.
- a barrier metal 8 and a solder bump 10 are formed on the insulated pad.
- the photosensitive resin composition of the present invention is applied to the silicon wafer 1 on which the Al pad 2 and the passivation film 3 are formed, and a patterned insulating film 4 is formed through a photolithography process.
- the metal film 5 is formed by the sputtering method.
- a metal wiring 6 is formed on the metal film 5 by a plating method.
- the photosensitive resin composition of the present invention is applied, and an insulating film 7 is formed as a pattern as shown in 2d of FIG. 2 through a photolithography process.
- a wiring can be further formed on the insulating film 7.
- a structure can be formed.
- the formed insulating film comes into contact with various chemicals a plurality of times, but the insulating film obtained from the resin composition of the present invention is excellent in adhesion and chemical resistance.
- a multilayer wiring structure can be formed. There is no upper limit to the number of layers in the multilayer wiring structure, but 10 or fewer layers are often used.
- a barrier metal 8 and a solder bump 10 are formed. Then, the wafer is diced along the scribe line 9 and cut into chips. If the insulating film 7 has no pattern formed on the scribe line 9 or a residue remains, cracks or the like occur during dicing, which affects the reliability of the chip. For this reason, it is very preferable to provide pattern processing excellent in thick film processing as in the present invention in order to obtain high reliability of the semiconductor device.
- the photosensitive resin composition of the present invention is also suitably used for a fan-out wafer level package (fan-out WLP).
- the fan-out WLP is provided with an extended portion using a sealing resin such as epoxy resin around the semiconductor chip, rewiring from the electrode on the semiconductor chip to the extended portion, and mounting a solder ball on the extended portion.
- a sealing resin such as epoxy resin around the semiconductor chip
- This is a semiconductor package that secures the necessary number of terminals.
- wiring is installed so as to straddle the boundary line formed by the main surface of the semiconductor chip and the main surface of the sealing resin. That is, an interlayer insulating film is formed on a base material made of two or more materials such as a semiconductor chip provided with metal wiring and a sealing resin, and wiring is formed on the interlayer insulating film.
- wiring is installed so as to straddle the boundary line between the main surface of the semiconductor chip and the main surface of the printed circuit board.
- an interlayer insulating film is formed on a base material made of two or more materials, and wiring is formed on the interlayer insulating film.
- the cured film formed by curing the photosensitive resin composition of the present invention has high adhesion to a semiconductor chip provided with metal wiring, and also has high adhesion to an epoxy resin or the like and a sealing resin. It is suitably used as an interlayer insulating film provided on a substrate made of a material of more than one kind.
- Adhesion test An adhesion test with a metal material was performed by the following method.
- the entire surface of the substrate was exposed at an exposure amount of 1000 mJ / cm 2 using an exposure machine i-line stepper NSR-2005i9C (manufactured by Nikon Corporation).
- NSR-2005i9C manufactured by Nikon Corporation.
- these films were subjected to nitrogen flow (oxygen concentration 20 ppm or less) at 140 ° C. for 30 minutes, and then further heated to 200 ° C. It was cured for 1 hour to obtain a cured resin film.
- ⁇ Adhesion characteristics evaluation> The substrate was divided into two, and each substrate was cut into 10 rows and 10 columns in a grid pattern at intervals of 2 mm using a single blade on the cured film. Of these, one sample substrate was used to count how many of the 100 cells were peeled by peeling with cello tape (registered trademark), and the adhesion property between the metal material / resin cured film was evaluated.
- the other sample substrate was subjected to PCT treatment for 400 hours under a saturated condition of 121 ° C. and 2 atm using a pressure cooker test (PCT) apparatus (HAST CHAMBER EHS-212MD manufactured by Tabais Peeck Co., Ltd.). Thereafter, the above-described peeling test was performed. In any of the substrates, the number of peeled off in the peeling test was determined to be less than 20, and 20 or more was determined to be defective.
- PCT pressure cooker test
- TMAH tetramethylammonium hydroxide
- the varnish was applied on a 6-inch silicon wafer by spin coating using a coating and developing apparatus Mark-7 so that the film thickness after pre-baking was 11 ⁇ m, pre-baked at 120 ° C. for 3 minutes, and then inert oven CLH- Using 21CD-S (manufactured by Koyo Thermo System Co., Ltd.), the temperature was raised to 200 ° C. at 3.5 ° C./min at an oxygen concentration of 20 ppm or less, and heat treatment was performed at 200 ° C. for 1 hour. When the temperature reached 50 ° C. or lower, the wafer was taken out and the film thickness was measured.
- This wafer was immersed in a solvent (dimethyl sulfoxide) at 70 ° C. for 100 minutes. After the wafer taken out from the solvent is washed with pure water, the film thickness is measured again, and the absolute value of the rate of change of the film thickness before and after immersion in the solvent exceeds 15% or the cured film is peeled off. Chemical properties are insufficient (C), those within 15% and exceeding 10% are acceptable (B), and those within 10% are considered good (A).
- a solvent dimethyl sulfoxide
- the reaction mixture was poured into methanol, and the precipitated polymer was dried to obtain a white polymer. Further, dissolve in 400 ml of acetone, add a small amount of concentrated hydrochloric acid at 60 ° C. and stir for 7 hours, then pour into water to precipitate the polymer, deprotect pt-butoxystyrene, convert it to hydroxystyrene, wash When dried, a purified copolymer of p-hydroxystyrene and styrene (A-7) was obtained.
- 1,3-bis (3-aminopropyl) tetramethyldisiloxane (0.62 g, 0.0025 mol), 4,4′-oxydiphthalic anhydride (2.33 g, 0.0075 mol) and 5 -Norbornene-2,3-dicarboxylic acid (0.82 g, 0.005 mol) was added together with 25 g of NMP and reacted at 85 ° C. for 3 hours.
- the reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature, acetic acid (13.20 g, 0.25 mol) was added together with 25 g of NMP, and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 1 hour.
- HMOM-TPHAP (trade name, manufactured by Honshu Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) (hereinafter referred to as HMOM) used in the examples is shown below.
- the adhesion improver KBE-585 (trade name, manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.) used in the comparative example is 3-ureidopropyltrialkoxysilane.
- the content of the crosslinking agent is based on 100 parts by weight of one or more alkali-soluble resins selected from polyimide, polybenzoxazole, polyimide precursor, polybenzoxazole precursor, and two or more copolymers selected from these.
- Examples 1-2, 5-15, Comparative Examples 1-5, 8 were 20 parts by weight, Example 3 was 24 parts by weight, Examples 4, 16 and Comparative Example 6 were 30 parts by weight, Example 14, 15 is 40 parts by weight.
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Abstract
Description
また、本発明は、上記の感光性樹脂組成物を基板上に塗布および乾燥し、樹脂膜を得る工程と、前記工程により得られた樹脂膜を露光する工程と、前記露光後の樹脂膜をアルカリ水溶液を用いて現像し樹脂膜によるパターンを形成する工程と、前記現像後の樹脂膜を加熱処理する工程とを含む樹脂硬化膜の製造方法を含む。
また、本発明は、上記の感光性樹脂組成物を基板上に塗布および乾燥し、樹脂膜を得る工程と、前記工程により得られた樹脂膜を剥離する工程を含む、感光性未硬化シートの製造方法を含む。
また、本発明は、半導体素子の上に、上記の感光性樹脂組成物の硬化膜が層間絶縁膜として形成され、該硬化膜の上に配線が形成された半導体装置を含む。
また、本発明は、2種以上の材料で構成される基材の上に上記の感光性樹脂組成物の硬化膜が層間絶縁膜として形成され、該硬化膜の上に配線が形成された半導体装置を含む。
次の方法にて金属材料との密着性試験を行なった。
シリコンウエハ上に銅をスパッタリングし、200nmの厚みで形成された金属材料層を表面に有する基板(銅スパッタ基板)を用意した。この基板上にワニスをスピンナ(ミカサ(株)製)を用いてスピンコート法で塗布し、次いでホットプレート(大日本スクリーン製造(株)製D-SPIN)を用いて120℃で3分ベークし、最終的に厚さ8μmのプリベーク膜を作製した。ネガ型の感光性樹脂組成物については、この後露光機i線ステッパーNSR-2005i9C(ニコン社製)を用いて1000mJ/cm2の露光量にて基板全面を露光した。これらの膜をクリーンオーブン(光洋サーモシステム(株)製CLH-21CD-S)を用いて、窒素気流下(酸素濃度20ppm以下)、140℃で30分、次いでさらに昇温して200℃にて1時間キュアし、樹脂硬化膜を得た。
基板を2分割し、それぞれの基板についてキュア後の膜に片刃を使用して2mm間隔で10行10列の碁盤目状の切り込みをいれた。このうち一方のサンプル基板を用い、セロテープ(登録商標)による引き剥がしによって100マスのうち何マス剥がれたかを計数し、金属材料/樹脂硬化膜間の密着特性の評価を行なった。また、もう一方のサンプル基板については、プレッシャークッカーテスト(PCT)装置(タバイエスペエック(株)製HAST CHAMBER EHS-211MD)を用いて121℃、2気圧の飽和条件で400時間PCT処理を行なった後、上記の引き剥がしテストを行なった。いずれの基板についても引き剥がしテストで剥がれ個数が20未満を良好、20以上を不良とした。
プリベーク後、大日本スクリーン製造(株)製ラムダエースSTM-602を使用し、プリベーク後の膜は屈折率1.629として、キュア後の膜は屈折率1.773として測定した。
<現像膜の作製>
8インチシリコンウエハ上にワニスを回転塗布し、次いで、120℃のホットプレート(東京エレクトロン(株)製の塗布現像装置Act-8を使用)で3分間ベークし、平均厚さ10μmのプリベーク膜を作製した。この膜を、露光機i線ステッパーを用いて0~1000mJ/cm2の露光量にて10mJ/cm2ステップで露光した。露光後、2.38重量%のテトラメチルアンモニウムヒドロキシド(TMAH)水溶液(三菱ガス化学(株)製、ELM-D)で90秒間現像し、ついで純水でリンスして、現像膜Aを得た。
前記の方法で得た現像膜AのパターンをFDP顕微鏡MX61(オリンパス(株)社製)を用いて倍率20倍で観察し、マスクサイズが200μmのラインパターンが開口するための最低必要露光量Ethを求め、これを感度とした。Ethが350mJ/cm2未満のものを非常に良好(A)、Ethが350mJ/cm2以上500mJ/cm2未満のものを良好(B)、500mJ/cm2以上のものを不合格(C)とした。
ワニスを6インチのシリコンウエハ上に、プリベーク後の膜厚が11μmとなるように塗布現像装置Mark-7を用いてスピンコート法で塗布し、120℃で3分間プリベークした後、イナートオーブンCLH-21CD-S(光洋サーモシステム(株)製)を用いて、酸素濃度20ppm以下で3.5℃/分で200℃まで昇温し、200℃で1時間加熱処理を行なった。温度が50℃以下になったところでウエハを取り出し、膜厚を測定した。このウエハを、溶剤(ジメチルスルホキシド)に70℃、100分浸漬した。溶剤から取り出したウエハを純水で洗浄した後、再度膜厚を測定し、溶剤への浸漬前後の膜厚の変化率の絶対値が、15%を超えるものや硬化膜が剥離したものを耐薬品性が不十分(C)、15%以内であって10%を超えるものを可(B)、10%以内であるものを良好(A)とした。
乾燥窒素気流下、2,2-ビス(3-アミノ-4-ヒドロキシフェニル)ヘキサフルオロプロパン(以降BAHFと呼ぶ)29.30g(0.08モル)、1,3-ビス(3-アミノプロピル)テトラメチルジシロキサン1.24g(0.005モル)、および末端封止剤として、4-アミノフェノール(東京化成工業(株)製)3.27g(0.03モル)をN-メチル-2-ピロリドン(以降、NMP)239gに溶解させた。ここにビス(3,4-ジカルボキシフェニル)エーテル二無水物(以降ODPAと呼ぶ、マナック(株)製)31.02g(0.1モル)をNMP20gとともに加えて、20℃で1時間反応させ、次いで50℃で4時間反応させた。その後、キシレンを15g添加し、水をキシレンとともに共沸しながら、150℃で5時間撹拌した。撹拌終了後、放冷し、溶液を水3Lに投入して白色沈殿を得た。この沈殿を濾過で集めて、水で3回洗浄した後、80℃の真空乾燥機で20時間乾燥し、アルカリ可溶性ポリイミド樹脂(A-1)の粉末を得た。
ジアミンを、BAHF20.14g(0.053モル)とポリエチレンオキサイド基を有するジアミンであるジェファーミンED-900を19.80g(0.022モル)と1,3-ビス(3-アミノプロピル)テトラメチルジシロキサン1.24g(0.005モル)に変更する以外は合成例1と同様の方法で重合反応を行ない、アルカリ可溶性ポリイミド樹脂(A-2)の粉末を得た。
乾燥窒素気流下、ODPA31.02g(0.1モル)をNMP205gに溶解させた。ここに4,4’-ジアミノジフェニルエーテル11.01g(0.055モル)とBAHF7.33g(0.02モル)と1,3-ビス(3-アミノプロピル)テトラメチルジシロキサン1.24g(0.005モル)をNMP5gとともに加えて、20℃で1時間反応させ、次いで50℃で2時間反応させた。次に末端封止剤として4-アミノフェノール4.37g(0.04モル)をNMP10gとともに加え、50℃で2時間反応させた。その後、N,N-ジメチルホルムアミドジメチルアセタール21.45g(0.18モル)をNMP20gで希釈した溶液を10分かけて滴下した。滴下後、50℃で3時間撹拌した。撹拌終了後、溶液を室温まで冷却した後、溶液を水3Lに投入して白色沈殿を得た。この沈殿を濾過で集めて、水で3回洗浄した後、80℃の真空乾燥機で20時間乾燥し、ポリアミド酸エステル(ポリイミド前駆体)(A-3)の粉末を得た。
乾燥窒素気流下、BAHF18.3g(0.05モル)をNMP50gおよびグリシジルメチルエーテル26.4g(0.3モル)に溶解させ、溶液の温度を-15℃まで冷却した。ここにジフェニルエーテルジカルボン酸ジクロリド14.7g(日本農薬(株)製、0.050モル)をγ-ブチロラクトン25gに溶解させた溶液を、反応系内の温度が0℃を越えないように滴下した。滴下終了後、6時間-15℃で撹拌を続けた。反応終了後、溶液をメタノールを10重量%含んだ水3Lに投入して白色の沈殿を析出させた。この沈殿をろ過で集めて、水で3回洗浄した後、50℃の真空乾燥機で72時間乾燥し、アルカリ可溶性のポリベンゾオキサゾール前駆体(A-4)を得た。
乾燥窒素気流下、BAHF14.65g(0.04モル)、2,2-ビス(3-アミノ-4-ヒドロキシフェニル)スルホン(以降ABPSと呼ぶ)11.21(0.04モル)および1,3-ビス(3-アミノプロピル)テトラメチルジシロキサン1.24g(0.005モル)をNMP239gに溶解させた。ここにODPA31.02g(0.1モル)をNMP20gとともに加えて、20℃で1時間反応させ、次いで50℃で4時間反応させた。その後、キシレンを15g添加し、水をキシレンとともに共沸しながら、150℃で5時間撹拌した。撹拌終了後、放冷し、溶液を水3Lに投入して白色沈殿を得た。この沈殿を濾過で集めて、水で3回洗浄した後、80℃の真空乾燥機で20時間乾燥し、アルカリ可溶性ポリイミド樹脂(A-5)の粉末を得た。
乾燥窒素気流下、m-クレゾール70.2g(0.65モル)、p-クレゾール37.8g(0.35モル)、37重量%ホルムアルデヒド水溶液75.5g(ホルムアルデヒド0.93モル)、シュウ酸二水和物0.63g(0.005モル)およびメチルイソブチルケトン264gを反応容器に仕込んだ後、油浴中に浸し、反応液を還流させながら4時間重縮合反応を行った。その後、油浴の温度を3時間かけて昇温し、その後に、フラスコ内の圧力を40~67hPaまで減圧し、揮発分を除去した。溶解している樹脂を室温まで冷却して、アルカリ可溶性のノボラック樹脂(A-6)のポリマー固体を得た。
テトラヒドロフラン500mlおよび開始剤としてsec-ブチルリチウム0.01モルを加えた混合溶液に、p-t-ブトキシスチレンとスチレンをモル比3:1の割合で合計20gを添加し、120℃で3時間撹拌しながら重合させた。重合停止反応は反応溶液にメタノール0.1モルを添加して行った。
乾燥窒素気流下、BAHF(11.9g、0.033モル)、脂肪族ジアミンRT-1000(HUNTSMAN(株)製)(15.0g、0.015モル)および1,3-ビス(3-アミノプロピル)テトラメチルジシロキサン(0.62g、0.0025モル)をNMP100gに溶解させた。ここに、1,3-ビス(3-アミノプロピル)テトラメチルジシロキサン(0.62g、0.0025モル)、4,4’-オキシジフタル酸無水物(2.33g、0.0075モル)および5-ノルボルネン-2,3-ジカルボン酸(0.82g、0.005モル)をNMP25gとともに加えて、85℃で3時間反応させた。反応終了後、室温まで冷却し、酢酸(13.20g、0.25モル)をNMP25gとともに加えて、室温で1時間攪拌した。攪拌終了後、溶液を水1.5Lに投入して白色沈殿を得た。この沈殿を濾過で集めて、水で3回洗浄した後、50℃の通風乾燥機で3日間乾燥し、アルカリ可溶性ポリイミド樹脂(A-8)の粉末を得た。
乾燥窒素気流下、TrisP-HAP(商品名、本州化学工業(株)製)15.31g(0.05モル)と5-ナフトキノンジアジドスルホニルクロリド(NAC-5、東洋合成(株)製)26.86g(0.10モル)を1,4-ジオキサン450gに溶解させ、室温にした。ここに、1,4-ジオキサン50gとトリエチルアミン15.18gを混合した液を反応系内が35℃以上にならないように滴下した。滴下後30℃で2時間撹拌した。トリエチルアミン塩を濾過して除き、濾液を水3Lに投入して沈殿を得た。この沈殿を濾過で集めて、さらに1重量%塩酸1Lで洗浄した。その後、さらに水2Lで2回洗浄した。この沈殿を真空乾燥機で乾燥させ、一分子中のQのうち平均して2個が5-ナフトキノンジアジドスルホン酸エステル化された式(4)で表されるキノンジアジド化合物(B-1)を得た。
表1に示す組成で各原料を混合して溶解させ、感光性樹脂組成物(ワニス)を作製した。溶剤としては、γ-ブチロラクトン(以降GBLと呼ぶ)15gを用いた。作製したワニスを用い、上記の方法で、密着特性、感度および耐薬品性の評価を行なった。結果を表1に示す。
2 Alパッド
3 パッシベーション膜
4 絶縁膜
5 金属膜
6 金属配線
7 絶縁膜
8 バリアメタル
9 スクライブライン
10 ハンダバンプ
Claims (16)
- 前記一般式(1)で表される化合物を前記アルカリ可溶性樹脂100重量部に対して0.1~5.0重量部含有する請求項1記載の感光性樹脂組成物。
- 前記一般式(1)で表される化合物において、Xが硫黄原子である請求項1または2記載の感光性樹脂組成物。
- 前記一般式(1)で表される化合物において、R1およびR2の少なくとも一方がアルコキシシリル基を有する有機基である請求項1~3のいずれかに記載の感光性樹脂組成物。
- 前記一般式(2)で表される構造を含むアルカリ可溶性樹脂が、フェノール性水酸基を含有する請求項5に記載の感光性樹脂組成物。
- 前記一般式(2)で表されるアルカリ可溶性樹脂において、R3とR4をあわせた有機基の総量を100モル%とした場合、フッ素原子を含有する有機基を30モル%以上有する請求項5~6のいずれかに記載の感光性樹脂組成物。
- 前記一般式(3)で表されるアルカリ可溶性樹脂において、R6とR7をあわせた有機基の総量を100モル%とした場合、フッ素原子を含有する有機基を30モル%以上有する請求項5~6のいずれかに記載の感光性樹脂組成物。
- 前記感光性樹脂組成物がさらに架橋剤を含有する請求項1~8のいずれかに記載の感光性樹脂組成物。
- 前記架橋剤がアルコキシメチル基またはメチロール基を少なくとも4つ有する化合物であり、架橋剤の含有量が前記アルカリ可溶性樹脂100質量部に対して、24~150質量部である請求項9に記載の感光性樹脂組成物。
- 請求項1~10のいずれかに記載の感光性樹脂組成物を基板上に塗布および乾燥し、樹脂膜を得る工程と、前記工程により得られた樹脂膜を露光する工程と、前記露光後の樹脂膜をアルカリ水溶液を用いて現像し樹脂膜によるパターンを形成する工程と、前記現像後の樹脂膜を加熱処理する工程とを含む樹脂硬化膜の製造方法。
- 前記基板が、金属配線が形成された基板である請求項11記載の樹脂硬化膜の製造方法。
- 乾燥後の樹脂膜を剥離して感光性未硬化シートを得る工程をさらに含む、請求項11~12のいずれかに記載の樹脂硬化膜の製造方法
- 請求項1~10のいずれかに記載の感光性樹脂組成物を基板上に塗布および乾燥し、樹脂膜を得る工程と、前記工程により得られた樹脂膜を剥離する工程を含む、感光性未硬化シートの製造方法。
- 半導体素子の上に請求項1~10のいずれかに記載の感光性樹脂組成物の硬化膜が層間絶縁膜として形成され、該硬化膜の上に配線が形成された半導体装置。
- 2種以上の材料で構成される基材の上に請求項1~10のいずれかに記載の感光性樹脂組成物の硬化膜が層間絶縁膜として形成され、該硬化膜の上に配線が形成された半導体装置。
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
TWI685513B (zh) | 2020-02-21 |
TW201641537A (zh) | 2016-12-01 |
JPWO2016140024A1 (ja) | 2017-12-14 |
SG11201706733UA (en) | 2017-10-30 |
KR20170125842A (ko) | 2017-11-15 |
US10365559B2 (en) | 2019-07-30 |
CN107407869A (zh) | 2017-11-28 |
US20180031970A1 (en) | 2018-02-01 |
CN107407869B (zh) | 2020-09-22 |
EP3267254A4 (en) | 2018-09-26 |
JP6787123B2 (ja) | 2020-11-18 |
EP3267254A1 (en) | 2018-01-10 |
KR102456965B1 (ko) | 2022-10-21 |
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