WO2014050341A1 - 共役ジエン系ゴムの製造方法 - Google Patents
共役ジエン系ゴムの製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2014050341A1 WO2014050341A1 PCT/JP2013/071934 JP2013071934W WO2014050341A1 WO 2014050341 A1 WO2014050341 A1 WO 2014050341A1 JP 2013071934 W JP2013071934 W JP 2013071934W WO 2014050341 A1 WO2014050341 A1 WO 2014050341A1
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- conjugated diene
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08C—TREATMENT OR CHEMICAL MODIFICATION OF RUBBERS
- C08C19/00—Chemical modification of rubber
- C08C19/30—Addition of a reagent which reacts with a hetero atom or a group containing hetero atoms of the macromolecule
- C08C19/34—Addition of a reagent which reacts with a hetero atom or a group containing hetero atoms of the macromolecule reacting with oxygen or oxygen-containing groups
- C08C19/40—Addition of a reagent which reacts with a hetero atom or a group containing hetero atoms of the macromolecule reacting with oxygen or oxygen-containing groups with epoxy radicals
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
- B60C1/00—Tyres characterised by the chemical composition or the physical arrangement or mixture of the composition
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F297/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by successively polymerising different monomer systems using a catalyst of the ionic or coordination type without deactivating the intermediate polymer
- C08F297/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by successively polymerising different monomer systems using a catalyst of the ionic or coordination type without deactivating the intermediate polymer using a catalyst of the anionic type
- C08F297/04—Macromolecular compounds obtained by successively polymerising different monomer systems using a catalyst of the ionic or coordination type without deactivating the intermediate polymer using a catalyst of the anionic type polymerising vinyl aromatic monomers and conjugated dienes
- C08F297/046—Macromolecular compounds obtained by successively polymerising different monomer systems using a catalyst of the ionic or coordination type without deactivating the intermediate polymer using a catalyst of the anionic type polymerising vinyl aromatic monomers and conjugated dienes polymerising vinyl aromatic monomers and isoprene, optionally with other conjugated dienes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F8/00—Chemical modification by after-treatment
- C08F8/42—Introducing metal atoms or metal-containing groups
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/34—Silicon-containing compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/34—Silicon-containing compounds
- C08K3/36—Silica
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L25/00—Compositions of, homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an aromatic carbocyclic ring; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L25/02—Homopolymers or copolymers of hydrocarbons
- C08L25/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of styrene
- C08L25/08—Copolymers of styrene
- C08L25/10—Copolymers of styrene with conjugated dienes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L9/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of conjugated diene hydrocarbons
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for producing a conjugated diene rubber, and more particularly, to a method for producing a conjugated diene rubber suitably used for providing a tire excellent in low heat build-up, wet grip properties and strength.
- a tire obtained using a rubber composition blended with silica as a filler has improved low heat build-up compared to a tire obtained using a rubber composition blended with a conventionally used carbon black. Thus, a tire with lower fuel consumption can be obtained.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a conjugated diene system having an isoprene block at one end of a conjugated diene polymer chain and an active end at the other end.
- a conjugated diene rubber obtained by reacting a specific tin halide compound with a polymer chain is disclosed.
- Patent Document 2 discloses that a conjugated diene polymer chain having an isoprene block at one end and an conjugated diene polymer chain having an active terminal at the other end is reacted with a specific modifier at least 3 or more.
- a conjugated diene rubber containing a predetermined amount or more of a structure formed by bonding the conjugated diene polymer chains is disclosed.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing a conjugated diene rubber suitably used for providing a tire excellent in low heat generation, wet grip properties, and strength. It is to be.
- an active terminal containing a specific amount of an isoprene monomer unit and an aromatic vinyl monomer unit using an polymerization initiator in an inert solvent.
- a monomer mixture containing isoprene and an aromatic vinyl monomer is polymerized with a polymerization initiator in an inert solvent to obtain 80 to 95% by weight of isoprene monomer units and aromatics.
- a polymer block (B) having an active terminal containing ⁇ 50% by weight together with the polymer block (A), the polymer block (A) and the polymer block (B) are formed.
- a step of obtaining a conjugated diene polymer chain having an active end having (B) and at least one selected from an epoxy group and an alkoxy group at the active end of the conjugated diene polymer chain having the active end A step of reacting a modifying agent having 3 or more groups per molecule in a range where the total molar ratio of epoxy groups and alkoxy groups in the modifying agent to the polymerization initiator used in the polymerization is 0.1 to 1.
- a process for producing a conjugated diene rubber is provided.
- a method for producing a conjugated diene rubber that is suitably used for providing a tire having low heat build-up, wet grip properties, and strength. Furthermore, according to the present invention, a conjugated diene rubber obtained by the above production method, a rubber composition containing the conjugated diene rubber, a rubber crosslinked product formed by crosslinking the rubber composition, and the rubber crosslinked A tire formed using an object can also be provided.
- the method for producing a conjugated diene rubber according to the present invention comprises polymerizing a monomer mixture containing isoprene and an aromatic vinyl monomer in an inert solvent with a polymerization initiator, and isoprene monomer units of 80 to 95 weights.
- a modifier having 3 or more of any group in one molecule is reacted in a range where the total molar ratio of epoxy groups and alkoxy groups in the modifier to the polymerization initiator used for polymerization is 0.1 to 1.
- a conjugated diene rubber of the present invention a monomer mixture containing isoprene and an aromatic vinyl monomer is polymerized with a polymerization initiator in an inert solvent, and isoprene monomer units 80 to 80 are obtained.
- a step of forming a polymer block (A) having an active end containing 95% by weight and 5 to 20% by weight of an aromatic vinyl monomer unit Performing a step of forming a polymer block (A) having an active end containing 95% by weight and 5 to 20% by weight of an aromatic vinyl monomer unit, and then the polymer block (A) having the active end and 1,3-butadiene, or a monomer mixture containing 1,3-butadiene and an aromatic vinyl monomer, and the polymerization reaction is continued.
- a polymer block (B) having an active terminal containing 1% by weight and 0 to 50% by weight of an aromatic vinyl monomer unit together with the polymer block (A), the polymer block (B) is formed.
- the polymer block (A) in the conjugated diene polymer chain used in the present invention comprises 80 to 95% by weight of isoprene monomer units and 5 to 20% by weight of aromatic vinyl monomer units in the polymer block (A).
- % Is not particularly limited, but preferably contains 85 to 95% by weight of isoprene monomer units and 5 to 15% by weight of aromatic vinyl monomer units, and 89 to 95 isoprene monomer units. More preferably, it contains 5% by weight and 5-11% by weight of aromatic vinyl monomer units.
- the content ratio of the isoprene monomer unit and the aromatic vinyl monomer unit is within the above range, the affinity between the conjugated diene rubber and the silica is improved when silica is added to the conjugated diene rubber.
- the tire obtained using the rubber composition is excellent in low heat build-up, wet grip properties and strength.
- Examples of the monomer used to constitute the aromatic vinyl monomer unit contained in the polymer block (A) include styrene, ⁇ -methylstyrene, 2-methylstyrene, 3-methylstyrene, 4- Methyl styrene, 2-ethyl styrene, 3-ethyl styrene, 4-ethyl styrene, 2,4-diisopropyl styrene, 2,4-dimethyl styrene, 4-t-butyl styrene, 5-t-butyl-2-methyl styrene, Aromatic vinyl monomers such as vinyl naphthalene, dimethylaminomethylstyrene, and dimethylaminoethylstyrene are listed. Among these, styrene is preferable. These aromatic vinyl monomers can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the polymer block (A) is preferably composed of only an isoprene monomer unit and an aromatic vinyl monomer unit. However, as long as the essential characteristics in the present invention are not impaired, the isoprene monomer unit is optionally provided. In addition to the aromatic vinyl monomer unit, other monomer units may be further contained.
- Other monomers used to constitute other monomer units include 1,3-butadiene, 2,3-dimethyl-1,3-butadiene, 2-chloro-1,3-butadiene, 1 Conjugated diene monomers other than isoprene such as 1,3-pentadiene and 1,3-hexadiene; ⁇ , ⁇ -unsaturated nitriles such as acrylonitrile and methacrylonitrile; acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, maleic anhydride, etc.
- Unsaturated carboxylic acids or acid anhydrides unsaturated carboxylic acid esters such as methyl methacrylate, ethyl acrylate, and butyl acrylate; 1,5-hexadiene, 1,6-heptadiene, 1,7-octadiene, dicyclopentadiene And non-conjugated dienes such as 5-ethylidene-2-norbornene; Of these, 1,3-butadiene is preferred.
- These other monomers can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the content ratio of other monomer units is 15% by weight or less, preferably 10% by weight or less, and more preferably 6% by weight or less.
- the polymer block (A) in the conjugated diene polymer chain used in the present invention is a simple substance containing isoprene, an aromatic vinyl monomer, and other monomers added as necessary in an inert solvent. It is formed by polymerizing the monomer mixture with a polymerization initiator. The formed polymer block (A) has an active end.
- an inert solvent used for polymerization of a monomer mixture containing isoprene and an aromatic vinyl monomer in order to form the polymer block (A) it is usually used in solution polymerization, There is no particular limitation as long as it does not inhibit the reaction. Specific examples thereof include, for example, chain aliphatic hydrocarbons such as butane, pentane, hexane, heptane, and 2-butene; alicyclic hydrocarbons such as cyclopentane, cyclohexane, and cyclohexene; benzene, toluene, and xylene Aromatic hydrocarbons such as; and the like.
- the amount of the inert solvent used is such that the monomer concentration is, for example, 1 to 80% by weight, preferably 10 to 50% by weight.
- a polymerization initiator used for forming the polymer block (A) a monomer mixture containing isoprene and an aromatic vinyl monomer can be polymerized to give a polymer chain having an active end. If it is a thing, it will not specifically limit. As specific examples thereof, for example, a polymerization initiator mainly containing an organic alkali metal compound, an organic alkaline earth metal compound, a lanthanum series metal compound, or the like is preferably used.
- organic alkali metal compound examples include organic monolithium compounds such as n-butyllithium, sec-butyllithium, t-butyllithium, hexyllithium, phenyllithium, and stilbenelithium; dilithiomethane, 1,4-dilithiobutane, 1, Organic polyvalent lithium compounds such as 4-dilithio-2-ethylcyclohexane, 1,3,5-trilithiobenzene, and 1,3,5-tris (lithiomethyl) benzene; organic sodium compounds such as sodium naphthalene; potassium naphthalene and the like Organic potassium compounds; and the like.
- organic monolithium compounds such as n-butyllithium, sec-butyllithium, t-butyllithium, hexyllithium, phenyllithium, and stilbenelithium
- dilithiomethane 1,4-dilithiobutane
- Organic polyvalent lithium compounds such as 4-d
- organic alkaline earth metal compound examples include di-n-butylmagnesium, di-n-hexylmagnesium, diethoxycalcium, calcium distearate, di-t-butoxystrontium, diethoxybarium, and diisopropoxybarium. , Diethyl mercaptobarium, di-t-butoxybarium, diphenoxybarium, diethylaminobarium, barium distearate, and diketylbarium.
- Examples of the polymerization initiator having a lanthanum series metal compound as a main catalyst include, for example, a lanthanum series metal comprising a lanthanum series metal such as lanthanum, cerium, praseodymium, neodymium, samarium and gadolinium, a carboxylic acid, and a phosphorus-containing organic acid. And a polymerization initiator composed of this salt and a cocatalyst such as an alkylaluminum compound, an organoaluminum hydride compound, and an organoaluminum halide compound.
- an organic monolithium compound is preferably used, and n-butyllithium is more preferably used.
- the organic alkali metal compound is used as an organic alkali metal amide compound by previously reacting with a secondary amine such as dibutylamine, dihexylamine, dibenzylamine, pyrrolidine, hexamethyleneimine, and heptamethyleneimine. Also good.
- a secondary amine such as dibutylamine, dihexylamine, dibenzylamine, pyrrolidine, hexamethyleneimine, and heptamethyleneimine. Also good.
- These polymerization initiators can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the amount of the polymerization initiator used may be determined according to the target molecular weight, but is preferably 4 to 250 mmol, more preferably 6 to 200 mmol, and particularly preferably 10 to 70 mmol per 100 g of the monomer mixture. is there.
- the polymerization temperature is, for example, in the range of ⁇ 80 to + 150 ° C., preferably 0 to 100 ° C., more preferably 20 to 90 ° C.
- the polymerization mode any mode such as batch mode or continuous mode can be adopted.
- bonding mode it can be set as various coupling
- a polar compound to the inert solvent during the polymerization.
- polar compounds include ether compounds such as dibutyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, and 2,2-di (tetrahydrofuryl) propane; tertiary amines such as tetramethylethylenediamine; alkali metal alkoxides; phosphine compounds; Among these, ether compounds and tertiary amines are preferable, and among them, those capable of forming a chelate structure with the metal of the polymerization initiator are more preferable, 2,2-di (tetrahydrofuryl) propane, and tetramethylethylenediamine Is particularly preferred.
- the amount of the polar compound used may be determined according to the target vinyl bond content, and is preferably 0.01 to 30 mol, more preferably 0.05 to 10 mol, relative to 1 mol of the polymerization initiator.
- the amount of the polar compound used is within the above range, the vinyl bond content in the isoprene monomer unit can be easily adjusted, and problems due to deactivation of the polymerization initiator hardly occur.
- the vinyl bond content in the isoprene monomer unit can be increased.
- the vinyl bond content in the isoprene monomer unit in the polymer block (A) is preferably 5 to 90% by weight, more preferably 5 to 80% by weight.
- the vinyl bond content in the isoprene monomer unit is within the above range, the resulting tire has excellent low heat buildup and wet grip properties.
- the vinyl bond content in the isoprene monomer unit includes the isoprene monomer unit having a 1,2-structure and the 3,4-structure in the isoprene monomer unit. It shall refer to the proportion of the total amount of isoprene monomer units.
- the weight average molecular weight (Mw) of the polymer block (A) is preferably from 500 to 15,000, preferably from 1,000 to 12,000 as a polystyrene-equivalent value measured by gel permeation chromatography. Is more preferably 1,500 to 10,000.
- Mw weight average molecular weight
- the molecular weight distribution represented by the ratio (Mw / Mn) of the weight average molecular weight (Mw) to the number average molecular weight (Mn) of the polymer block (A) is preferably 1.0 to 1.5. It is more preferably 0 to 1.3. When the value (Mw / Mn) of the molecular weight distribution of the polymer block (A) is within the above range, the production of the conjugated diene rubber becomes easier.
- the polymer block (B) in the conjugated diene polymer chain used in the present invention comprises 50 to 100% by weight of 1,3-butadiene monomer units and aromatic vinyl monomer units in the polymer block (B). It is not particularly limited as long as it contains 0 to 50% by weight, and preferably contains 55 to 95% by weight of 1,3-butadiene monomer units and 5 to 45% by weight of aromatic vinyl monomer units. More preferably, it contains 55 to 90% by weight of 1,3-butadiene monomer units and 10 to 45% by weight of aromatic vinyl monomer units. When the content ratio of the 1,3-butadiene monomer unit and the aromatic vinyl monomer unit is within the above range, it becomes easier to produce the conjugated diene rubber.
- the aromatic vinyl monomer exemplified in the polymer block (A) described above is similarly used.
- Styrene is preferred.
- the polymer block (B) preferably comprises only 1,3-butadiene monomer units or only 1,3-butadiene monomer units and aromatic vinyl monomer units. If desired, other monomer units may be included in addition to the 1,3-butadiene monomer unit and the aromatic vinyl monomer unit, as long as the characteristics are not impaired. As other monomers used for constituting other monomer units, the compounds exemplified in the above-mentioned polymer block (A) can be similarly used except 1,3-butadiene. In the polymer block (B), isoprene can be used as another monomer. In the polymer block (B), the content of other monomer units is 50% by weight or less, preferably 40% by weight or less, and more preferably 35% by weight or less.
- the polymer block (B) in the conjugated diene polymer chain used in the present invention comprises a polymer block (A) having an active end and 1,3-butadiene, or 1,3-butadiene and an aromatic vinyl monomer. By mixing the monomer mixture containing the body and continuing the polymerization reaction, it is formed continuously with the polymer block (A). The formed polymer block (B) has an active end.
- the inert solvent used for forming the polymer block (B) is the same as the inert solvent used for the preparation of the polymer block (A) described above.
- the amount of the polymer block (A) having an active terminal when the polymer block (B) is formed may be determined according to the target molecular weight, but 1,3-butadiene or 1,3- The amount is, for example, in the range of 0.1 to 5 mmol, preferably 0.15 to 2 mmol, more preferably 0.2 to 1.5 mmol per 100 g of the monomer mixture containing butadiene and aromatic vinyl monomer.
- the mixing method of the polymer block (A) and 1,3-butadiene, or a monomer mixture containing 1,3-butadiene and an aromatic vinyl monomer is not particularly limited, and 1,3-butadiene, or
- the polymer block (A) having an active end may be added to a solution of a monomer mixture containing 1,3-butadiene and an aromatic vinyl monomer, or the polymer block (A) having an active end may be added.
- 1,3-butadiene or a monomer mixture containing 1,3-butadiene and an aromatic vinyl monomer may be added to the solution.
- the polymer block (A) having an active end may be added to a solution of 1,3-butadiene or a monomer mixture containing 1,3-butadiene and an aromatic vinyl monomer. preferable.
- the polymerization temperature is, for example, ⁇ 80 to + 150 ° C., preferably 0 to 100 ° C. Preferably, it is in the range of 20 to 90 ° C.
- the polymerization mode any mode such as batch mode or continuous mode can be adopted.
- the polymer block (B) is used as a copolymer chain, a batch system is preferable because the randomness of the bonds can be easily controlled.
- the bonding mode of each monomer may be various bonding modes such as a block shape, a taper shape, and a random shape. Among these, a random shape is preferable. By making it random, the resulting tire is excellent in low heat build-up.
- the bonding mode of 1,3-butadiene and aromatic vinyl monomer is random, the aromatic vinyl monomer with respect to the total amount of 1,3-butadiene and aromatic vinyl monomer in the polymerization system It is preferable to polymerize by supplying 1,3-butadiene or 1,3-butadiene and an aromatic vinyl monomer continuously or intermittently into the polymerization system so that the ratio of the above does not become too high.
- the vinyl bond content in the isoprene monomer unit in the polymer block (A) is adjusted.
- a polar compound in an amount sufficient to adjust the vinyl bond content in the 1,3-butadiene monomer unit in the polymer block (B) to the inert solvent Is added a new polar compound may not be added.
- the specific example about the polar compound used in order to adjust vinyl bond content is the same as the polar compound used for preparation of the above-mentioned polymer block (A).
- the amount of the polar compound used may be determined according to the target vinyl bond content, and is preferably adjusted in the range of 0.01 to 100 mol, more preferably 0.1 to 30 mol with respect to 1 mol of the polymerization initiator. do it. When the amount of the polar compound used is within this range, the vinyl bond content in the 1,3-butadiene monomer unit can be easily adjusted, and problems due to the deactivation of the polymerization initiator are unlikely to occur.
- the vinyl bond content in the 1,3-butadiene monomer unit in the polymer block (B) is preferably 10 to 90% by weight, more preferably 20 to 80% by weight, particularly preferably 25 to 70% by weight. is there.
- the vinyl bond content in the 1,3-butadiene monomer unit in the polymer block (B) is within the above range, the resulting tire is excellent in low heat build-up.
- conjugated diene polymer chain having an active end having a polymer block (A) and a polymer block (B) can be obtained.
- the conjugated diene polymer chain having an active end used in the present invention is composed of a polymer block (A) -polymer block (B) from the viewpoint of productivity, and the end of the polymer block (B) is an active end. However, it may have a plurality of polymer blocks (A) or other polymer blocks.
- a conjugated diene polymer chain may be mentioned.
- the amount of isoprene used is preferably 10 to 100 mol with respect to 1 mol of the polymerization initiator used in the initial polymerization reaction. 15 to 70 mol is more preferable, and 20 to 35 mol is particularly preferable.
- the weight ratio of the polymer block (A) to the polymer block (B) in the conjugated diene polymer chain having an active terminal used in the present invention (when there are a plurality of polymer blocks (A) and (B), Is preferably from 0.001 to 0.1 as (weight of polymer block (A)) / (weight of polymer block (B)), 0.003 to It is more preferably 0.07, and particularly preferably 0.005 to 0.05.
- the weight ratio between the polymer block (A) and the polymer block (B) is within the above range, the resulting tire has a good balance between strength and low heat build-up.
- the weight average molecular weight (Mw) of the conjugated diene polymer chain having an active end used in the present invention is preferably 100,000 to 1,000,000 as a polystyrene-equivalent value measured by gel permeation chromatography, 150 , More preferably from 150,000 to 700,000, particularly preferably from 150,000 to 500,000.
- Mw weight average molecular weight
- the molecular weight distribution represented by the ratio (Mw / Mn) of the weight average molecular weight (Mw) to the number average molecular weight (Mn) of the conjugated diene polymer chain having an active end is 1.0 to 3.0. Preferably, it is 1.0 to 2.5, more preferably 1.0 to 2.2.
- Mw / Mn molecular weight distribution value of the conjugated diene polymer chain having an active end
- the content ratio of the total monomer unit of the isoprene monomer unit and 1,3-butadiene monomer unit in the conjugated diene polymer chain having an active end and the aromatic vinyl monomer unit depends on the active end.
- the total monomer unit of isoprene monomer unit and 1,3-butadiene monomer unit is 50 to 99.995% by weight
- the aromatic vinyl monomer unit is 0.005 to Preferably 50% by weight, total monomer units of isoprene monomer units and 1,3-butadiene monomer units 55 to 95% by weight, and aromatic vinyl monomer units 5 to 45% by weight.
- the total monomer unit of the isoprene monomer unit and the 1,3-butadiene monomer unit is 55 to 90% by weight, and the aromatic vinyl monomer unit is 10 to 45% by weight. It is particularly preferred that comprise.
- the vinyl bond content in the isoprene monomer unit and in the 1,3-butadiene monomer unit in the conjugated diene polymer chain having an active end is determined by the 1,3-in the polymer block (B) described above. This is the same as the vinyl bond content in the butadiene monomer unit.
- ⁇ Conjugated diene rubber> In the method for producing a conjugated diene rubber according to the present invention, next, at least one group selected from an epoxy group and an alkoxy group is contained in one molecule at the active end of the conjugated diene polymer chain having the active end described above.
- a conjugated diene type It is characterized by obtaining rubber.
- the “modifier” has a functional group that reacts with the active end of the conjugated diene polymer chain in the molecule.
- the functional group includes an epoxy group and an alkoxy group. It is at least one group selected. In the present invention, the number of functional groups is 3 or more per molecule. Since the conjugated diene polymer chain can be modified with high efficiency by using a modifier having 3 or more of at least one group selected from an epoxy group and an alkoxy group in one molecule, the production method of the present invention The conjugated diene rubber obtained by the above has an increased affinity with silica. As a result, the resulting tire is excellent in low heat buildup.
- “having three or more groups selected from epoxy groups and alkoxy groups in one molecule” means that when there are three or more epoxy groups in one molecule, an alkoxy group in one molecule. 3 or more, 1 epoxy group and 2 or more alkoxy groups in one molecule, 2 epoxy groups and 1 or more alkoxy groups in one molecule, and 3 or more in one molecule It is intended to include cases having an epoxy group and one or more alkoxy groups.
- the modifier used in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it has at least three groups selected from an epoxy group and an alkoxy group in one molecule.
- it is represented by the following general formula (I).
- polyorganosiloxane represented by the following general formula (I) is preferable.
- the resulting tire is more excellent in low heat build-up, wet grip and strength.
- R 1 to R 8 are an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms or an aryl group having 6 to 12 carbon atoms, and these may be the same or different from each other.
- X 1 and X 4 are each an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, an aryl group having 6 to 12 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, and a group having 4 to 12 carbon atoms containing an epoxy group
- X 2 is an alkoxy group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms or 4 carbon atoms containing an epoxy group, which may be the same or different from each other.
- a plurality of X 2 may be the same or different from each other, X 3 is a group containing 2 to 20 alkylene glycol repeating units, and there are a plurality of X 3 Sometimes they are the same as each other but different Good .m is an integer of 3 ⁇ 200, n is an integer of 0 to 200, k is an integer of 0 to 200.)
- examples of the alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms that can form R 1 to R 8 , X 1 and X 4 of the general formula (I) include a methyl group, Examples include an ethyl group, n-propyl group, isopropyl group, butyl group, pentyl group, hexyl group, and cyclohexyl group.
- Examples of the aryl group having 6 to 12 carbon atoms include a phenyl group and a methylphenyl group. Among these, a methyl group and an ethyl group are preferable from the viewpoint of ease of production of the polyorganosiloxane itself.
- examples of the alkoxy group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms that can constitute X 1 , X 2 and X 4 include a methoxy group, an ethoxy group, a propoxy group, and an isopropoxy group. And a butoxy group.
- a methoxy group and an ethoxy group are preferable from the viewpoint of reactivity with the active terminal of the conjugated diene polymer chain.
- examples of the group having 4 to 12 carbon atoms containing an epoxy group that can constitute X 1 , X 2 , and X 4 include the following general formula (II) ) Is represented.
- Z 2 is an oxygen atom
- Z 2 is an oxygen atom
- E is a glycidyl group
- Z 1 is C 1 -C
- Particularly preferred is an alkylene group of ⁇ 3
- Z 2 is an oxygen atom
- E is a glycidyl group.
- X 1 and X 4 are preferably a group having 4 to 12 carbon atoms or an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, which contains an epoxy group.
- X 2 is preferably a group having 4 to 12 carbon atoms containing an epoxy group. More preferably, X 1 and X 4 are alkyl groups having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, and X 2 is a group having 4 to 12 carbon atoms containing an epoxy group.
- X 3 that is, a group containing 2 to 20 alkylene glycol repeating units is preferably a group represented by the following general formula (III).
- t is an integer of 2 to 20
- P is an alkylene group or alkylarylene group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms
- R is a hydrogen atom or a methyl group
- Q is 1 to carbon atoms.
- 10 alkoxy groups or aryloxy groups those in which t is an integer of 2 to 8, P is an alkylene group having 3 carbon atoms, R is a hydrogen atom, and Q is a methoxy group are preferable.
- m is an integer of 3 to 200, preferably 20 to 150, more preferably 30 to 120.
- the conjugated diene rubber obtained by the production method of the present invention has an increased affinity with silica.
- the resulting tire is excellent in low heat buildup.
- m is 200 or less, the production of the polyorganosiloxane itself becomes easier, the viscosity does not become too high, and handling becomes easier.
- n is an integer of 0 to 200, preferably an integer of 0 to 150, more preferably an integer of 0 to 120.
- k is an integer of 0 to 200, preferably an integer of 0 to 150, more preferably an integer of 0 to 130.
- the total number of m, n and k is preferably 3 to 400, more preferably 20 to 300, and particularly preferably 30 to 250.
- the epoxy group in the polyorganosiloxane reacts with the active end of the conjugated diene polymer chain, at least a part of the epoxy group in the polyorganosiloxane is opened. By ringing, it is considered that a bond between the carbon atom of the portion where the epoxy group is opened and the active end of the conjugated diene polymer chain is formed.
- the alkoxy group in the polyorganosiloxane reacts with the active end of the conjugated diene polymer chain, at least a part of the alkoxy group in the polyorganosiloxane is eliminated, so that the released alkoxy group is bonded. It is considered that a bond is formed between the silicon atom in the polyorganosiloxane and the active end of the conjugated diene polymer chain.
- the amount of modifier used is such that the ratio of the total number of moles of epoxy groups and alkoxy groups in the modifier relative to 1 mol of the polymerization initiator used in the polymerization is in the range of 0.1 to 1, The amount is preferably in the range of .9, and more preferably in the range of 0.3 to 0.8. When the amount of the modifier used is within the above range, the resulting tire is excellent in low heat build-up, wet grip properties, and strength.
- denaturant may be used individually by 1 type and may be used in combination of 2 or more type.
- a conjugated diene rubber of the present invention in addition to modifying the conjugated diene polymer chain having an active terminal with the above-described modifier, a polymerization terminator, a polymerization terminal modifier other than the above-described modifier, in addition, by adding a coupling agent or the like into the polymerization system, the active ends of some conjugated diene polymer chains may be inactivated so long as the effects of the present invention are not inhibited.
- the conjugated diene rubber of the present invention is a polymerization terminator and a polymerization terminal modifier other than the above-described modifier, as long as the active ends of some conjugated diene polymer chains do not hinder the effects of the present invention, And may be inactivated by a coupling agent or the like.
- polymerization terminal modifier and coupling agent used at this time examples include N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone, N-phenyl-2-pyrrolidone, and N-methyl- ⁇ -caprolactam.
- N-substituted cyclic amides such as; N-substituted cyclic ureas such as 1,3-dimethylethyleneurea and 1,3-diethyl-2-imidazolidinone; 4,4′-bis (dimethylamino) benzophenone, And N-substituted aminoketones such as 4,4′-bis (diethylamino) benzophenone; aromatic isocyanates such as diphenylmethane diisocyanate and 2,4-tolylene diisocyanate; N, such as N, N-dimethylaminopropylmethacrylamide N-disubstituted aminoalkylmethacrylamides; 4-N, N N-substituted aminoaldehydes such as dimethylaminobenzaldehyde; N-substituted carbodiimides such as dicyclohexylcarbodiimide; Schiff bases such as N-ethylethylidenei
- a tire obtained by using a hyperbranched conjugated diene rubber obtained by using a halogenated silicon compound having 5 or more silicon-halogen atom bonds in one molecule as a coupling agent has excellent steering stability.
- These polymerization terminal modifiers and coupling agents may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the modifier and coupling agent When the above-described modifier and coupling agent are reacted with the active end of the conjugated diene polymer chain, it is preferable to add the modifier to the solution containing the conjugated diene polymer chain having the active end. From the viewpoint of controlling the reaction well, it is more preferable to dissolve the modifier in an inert solvent and add it to the polymerization system.
- the concentration of the solution is preferably in the range of 1 to 50% by weight.
- the timing for adding the modifier is not particularly limited, but the polymerization reaction in the conjugated diene polymer chain having an active end is not completed, and a solution containing a conjugated diene polymer chain having an active end is simple.
- a solution containing a conjugated diene polymer chain having an active end is preferably 100 ppm or more, more preferably 300 to 50,000 ppm of monomer. It is desirable to add a denaturing agent or the like to this solution in the contained state.
- a modifier or the like By adding a modifier or the like in this way, it is possible to suppress the side reaction between the conjugated diene polymer chain having an active terminal and impurities contained in the polymerization system, and to control the reaction well. Become.
- Conditions for reacting the above-described modifier with the active end of the conjugated diene polymer chain include, for example, a temperature in the range of 0 to 100 ° C., preferably 30 to 90 ° C., and each reaction time. Is, for example, in the range of 1 minute to 120 minutes, preferably 2 minutes to 60 minutes.
- a polymerization terminator such as alcohol or water such as methanol and isopropanol is added. It is preferable to deactivate the unreacted active terminal.
- the polymerization solvent is separated from the polymerization solution by direct drying or steam stripping, and the conjugated diene rubber obtained by the production method of the present invention is recovered.
- an extending oil may be mixed into the polymerization solution and the conjugated diene rubber may be recovered as an oil-extended rubber.
- Examples of the extending oil used when recovering the conjugated diene rubber as an oil-extended rubber include paraffinic, aromatic and naphthenic petroleum softeners, plant softeners, and fatty acids.
- a petroleum softener it is preferable that the content of polycyclic aromatics extracted by the method of IP346 (the inspection method of THE INSTITUTE PETROLEUM in the UK) is less than 3%.
- the amount used is, for example, 5 to 100 parts by weight, preferably 10 to 60 parts by weight, and more preferably 20 to 50 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the conjugated diene rubber.
- the conjugated diene rubber obtained by the production method of the present invention comprises a conjugated diene polymer chain having an active end, and a modifier having at least three groups selected from an epoxy group and an alkoxy group in one molecule. 5 to 40% by weight, preferably 5 to 30% by weight, of a structure in which three or more conjugated diene polymer chains are bonded to each other produced by reacting
- the content is preferably 10 to 20% by weight, particularly preferably. If the ratio of the structure in which 3 or more conjugated diene polymer chains are bonded is within the above range, the coagulation property and drying property at the time of production will be good, and furthermore, silica will be blended with the conjugated diene rubber.
- the ratio (weight fraction) of the structure in which three or more conjugated diene polymer chains are bonded to the total amount of the finally obtained conjugated diene rubber is defined as the three branches of the conjugated diene polymer chain. This is expressed as the above coupling rate. This can be measured by gel permeation chromatography (polystyrene conversion).
- the area ratio of the peak portion having a peak top molecular weight of 2.8 times or more of the peak top molecular weight indicated by the peak with the smallest molecular weight relative to the total elution area is calculated as the conjugated diene weight.
- the coupling rate is 3 or more branches of the combined chain.
- the weight average molecular weight of the conjugated diene rubber obtained by the production method of the present invention is preferably 100,000 to 3,000,000, preferably 150,000 to 2,000 as a value measured by gel permeation chromatography in terms of polystyrene. 000,000 is more preferable and 200,000 to 1,500,000 is particularly preferable.
- the weight average molecular weight of the conjugated diene rubber is within the above range, it becomes easy to add silica to the conjugated diene rubber, the rubber composition has excellent processability, and the resulting tire has excellent low heat buildup. It will be.
- the molecular weight distribution represented by the ratio (Mw / Mn) of the weight average molecular weight (Mw) to the number average molecular weight (Mn) of the conjugated diene rubber obtained by the production method of the present invention is 1.1 to 3.0. It is preferably 1.2 to 2.5, more preferably 1.2 to 2.2. When the molecular weight distribution value (Mw / Mn) of the conjugated diene rubber is within the above range, the resulting tire has excellent low heat build-up.
- the Mooney viscosity (ML 1 + 4 , 100 ° C.) of the conjugated diene rubber obtained by the production method of the present invention is preferably 20 to 100, more preferably 30 to 90, and more preferably 35 to 80. Particularly preferred.
- the conjugated diene rubber is an oil-extended rubber
- the Mooney viscosity of the oil-extended rubber is preferably in the above range.
- the conjugated diene rubber obtained by the production method of the present invention can be suitably used for various applications after adding compounding agents such as a filler and a crosslinking agent.
- compounding agents such as a filler and a crosslinking agent.
- silica is blended as a filler
- a rubber composition suitably used for obtaining a tire excellent in low heat build-up, wet grip properties and strength is provided.
- the rubber composition of the present invention contains a rubber component containing a conjugated diene rubber obtained by the production method of the present invention and silica, and contains 10 to 200 parts by weight of silica with respect to 100 parts by weight of the rubber component.
- the rubber composition of the present invention may contain other rubbers other than the conjugated diene rubber obtained by the production method of the present invention.
- Other rubbers are not particularly limited.
- natural rubber polyisoprene rubber, emulsion polymerization styrene-butadiene copolymer rubber, solution polymerization styrene-butadiene copolymer rubber, polybutadiene rubber (high cis-BR, low cis-BR).
- styrene-isoprene copolymer rubber butadiene-isoprene copolymer rubber
- styrene-isoprene-butadiene-butadiene acrylonitrile-butadiene copolymer rubber, acrylonitrile-styrene-butadiene copolymer rubber, etc., those other than the conjugated diene rubber obtained by the production method of the present invention are mentioned.
- natural rubber polyisoprene rubber, polybutadiene rubber, and solution-polymerized styrene-butadiene copolymer rubber are preferable. These rubbers may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the conjugated diene rubber obtained by the production method of the present invention preferably accounts for 10 to 100% by weight, more preferably 20 to 100% by weight of the rubber component, It is particularly preferred to account for ⁇ 100% by weight.
- a rubber composition suitably used for obtaining a tire excellent in low heat generation property, wet grip property and strength You can get things.
- the rubber composition of the present invention contains 10 to 200 parts by weight, preferably 20 to 150 parts by weight, more preferably 30 to 120 parts by weight of silica with respect to 100 parts by weight of the rubber component.
- the silica is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include dry method white carbon, wet method white carbon, colloidal silica, and precipitated silica. Among these, wet method white carbon mainly containing hydrous silicic acid is preferable. Alternatively, a carbon-silica dual phase filler in which silica is supported on the carbon black surface may be used. These silicas can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- nitrogen adsorption specific surface area of silica used is preferably 50 ⁇ 300m 2 / g, more preferably 80 ⁇ 220m 2 / g, particularly preferably 100 ⁇ 170m 2 / g.
- the pH of silica is preferably less than pH 7, more preferably pH 5 to 6.9.
- a silane coupling agent is further added to the rubber composition of the present invention.
- the silane coupling agent include vinyltriethoxysilane, ⁇ - (3,4-epoxycyclohexyl) ethyltrimethoxysilane, N- ( ⁇ -aminoethyl) - ⁇ -aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, 3-octathio- 1-propyl-triethoxysilane, bis (3- (triethoxysilyl) propyl) disulfide, bis (3- (triethoxysilyl) propyl) tetrasulfide, ⁇ -trimethoxysilylpropyldimethylthiocarbamyl tetrasulfide, and ⁇ -Trimethoxysilylpropylbenzothiazyl tetrasulfide and the like.
- silane coupling agents can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the amount of the silane coupling agent is preferably 0.1 to 30 parts by weight, more preferably 1 to 15 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of silica.
- the nitrogen adsorption specific surface area (N 2 SA) of carbon black is preferably 5 to 200 m 2 / g, more preferably 20 to 150 m 2 / g, particularly preferably 40 to 130 m 2 / g, and dibutyl phthalate (DBP)
- the adsorption amount is preferably 5 to 200 ml / 100 g, more preferably 50 to 160 ml / 100 g, and particularly preferably 70 to 130 ml / 100 g.
- the method of adding a filler such as silica and carbon black to the rubber composition is not particularly limited, and a method of adding and kneading the solid rubber (dry kneading method), and a method of adding and solidifying the rubber solution. Or the like (wet kneading method) can be applied.
- the rubber composition of the present invention preferably further contains a crosslinking agent.
- the crosslinking agent is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include sulfur, halogenated sulfur, organic peroxides, quinonedioximes, organic polyvalent amine compounds, and alkylphenol resins having a methylol group. Among these, sulfur is preferably used.
- the amount of the crosslinking agent is preferably 0.1 to 15 parts by weight, more preferably 0.5 to 5 parts by weight, and particularly preferably 1 to 4 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the rubber component. When the blending amount of the crosslinking agent is within the above range, the crosslinking is sufficiently performed, and the mechanical properties of the obtained rubber crosslinked product are excellent.
- crosslinking accelerators include sulfenamide compounds; guanidine compounds; thiourea compounds; thiazole compounds; thiuram compounds; dithiocarbamate compounds; xanthogenic compounds; Can do.
- crosslinking activator include zinc oxide; higher fatty acids such as stearic acid; and the like.
- the crosslinking accelerator and the crosslinking activator may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the amount of each of the crosslinking accelerator and the crosslinking activator is preferably 0.05 to 15 parts by weight, more preferably 0.5 to 10 parts by weight, particularly preferably 1 to 1 part by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the rubber component. 5 parts by weight.
- the respective blending amounts of the crosslinking accelerator and the crosslinking activator are within the above ranges, crosslinking is sufficiently performed and the mechanical properties of the resulting rubber crosslinked product are excellent.
- the rubber composition of the present invention includes an anti-aging agent, an anti-scorch agent, an activator, a process oil, a plasticizer, a lubricant, a filler (excluding silica and carbon black described above), and tackifying.
- a compounding agent usually used in the field of rubber processing, such as an agent, can be appropriately blended depending on the compounding purpose.
- each component may be kneaded according to a conventional method.
- the compounding agent excluding the crosslinking agent and the crosslinking accelerator and the rubber component are kneaded, and then the kneaded product is mixed with the crosslinking agent and the crosslinking accelerator to obtain a desired rubber composition.
- the kneading temperature of the compounding agent excluding the crosslinking agent and crosslinking accelerator and the rubber component is preferably 80 to 200 ° C., more preferably 100 to 180 ° C., and the kneading time is preferably 30 seconds to 30 minutes. .
- the kneaded product, the crosslinking agent and the crosslinking accelerator are mixed, for example, after cooling to 100 ° C. or lower, preferably 80 ° C. or lower.
- the rubber composition of the present invention can be used, for example, as a tire after being crosslinked, or as a resin-reinforced rubber such as impact-resistant polystyrene.
- the rubber cross-linked product of the present invention is formed by cross-linking the rubber composition of the present invention.
- the crosslinking and molding method in the case of constituting a rubber product (rubber crosslinked product) such as a tire using the rubber composition of the present invention is not particularly limited, and may be selected according to the shape, size, etc. of the crosslinked product. Good.
- the mold may be filled with a rubber composition containing a crosslinking agent and heated to be crosslinked at the same time as the molding.
- the rubber composition containing the crosslinking agent may be preliminarily molded and then heated to be crosslinked. May be.
- the temperature during molding is preferably 20 to 140 ° C, more preferably 40 to 130 ° C.
- the crosslinking temperature is preferably 120 to 200 ° C., more preferably 140 to 180 ° C., and the crosslinking time is, for example, 1 to 120 minutes.
- a monomer mixture containing isoprene and an aromatic vinyl monomer is polymerized with a polymerization initiator in an inert solvent, and isoprene monomer units of 80 to 95% by weight and A step of forming a polymer block (A) having an active end containing 5 to 20% by weight of an aromatic vinyl monomer unit, the polymer block (A) having an active end and 1,3-butadiene, or 1 , 3-butadiene and a monomer mixture containing an aromatic vinyl monomer, and the polymerization reaction is continued to obtain 50 to 100% by weight of 1,3-butadiene monomer units and an aromatic vinyl monomer.
- the polymer block (A) preferably has a weight average molecular weight of 500 to 15,000.
- the modifying agent is preferably a polyorganosiloxane represented by the following general formula (I).
- R 1 to R 8 are an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms or an aryl group having 6 to 12 carbon atoms, and these may be the same or different from each other.
- X 1 and X 4 are each an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, an aryl group having 6 to 12 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, and a group having 4 to 12 carbon atoms containing an epoxy group
- X 2 is an alkoxy group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms or 4 carbon atoms containing an epoxy group, which may be the same or different from each other.
- a plurality of X 2 may be the same or different from each other, X 3 is a group containing 2 to 20 alkylene glycol repeating units, and there are a plurality of X 3 Sometimes they are the same as each other but different Good .m is an integer of 3 ⁇ 200, n is an integer of 0 to 200, k is an integer of 0 to 200.) Furthermore, according to the present invention, a conjugated diene rubber obtained by the above production method is provided.
- the rubber composition of the present invention preferably further contains a crosslinking agent.
- Weight average molecular weight, molecular weight distribution, and coupling rate The weight average molecular weight, molecular weight distribution, and coupling rate were obtained on the basis of the chart obtained by gel permeation chromatography based on a molecular weight in terms of polystyrene.
- the specific measurement conditions for gel permeation chromatography are as follows.
- Measuring instrument HLC-8020 (manufactured by Tosoh Corporation) Column: Two GMH-HR-H (manufactured by Tosoh Corporation) connected in series Detector: Differential refractometer RI-8020 (manufactured by Tosoh Corporation) Eluent: Tetrahydrofuran Column temperature: 40 ° C
- the area ratio of the peak portion having a peak top molecular weight of 2.8 times or more of the peak top molecular weight indicated by the smallest peak of the molecular weight with respect to the total elution area is defined as 3 of the conjugated diene polymer chain. It is shown as a coupling ratio above branching.
- Mooney viscosity (ML 1 + 4 , 100 ° C)
- the Mooney viscosity was measured using a Mooney viscometer (manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation) in accordance with JIS K6300.
- Tensile strength was measured according to JIS K6251 using a dumbbell-shaped No. 3 test piece to measure the breaking strength. About this characteristic, the comparative example 3 mentioned later was made into the reference
- Example 1 Preparation of Conjugated Diene Rubber I
- a polymer block (A) having an active end.
- the weight average molecular weight, molecular weight distribution, aromatic vinyl monomer unit content, isoprene monomer unit content, and vinyl bond content were measured.
- polyorganosiloxane A represented by the following formula (IV) was added in the form of a 20 weight percent xylene solution so as to have an epoxy group content of 1.42 mmol (corresponding to 0.33 moles of n-butyllithium used) and allowed to react for 30 minutes. . Thereafter, as a polymerization terminator, an amount of methanol corresponding to twice the mole of n-butyllithium used was added to obtain a solution containing the conjugated diene rubber I.
- the rubber was measured for weight average molecular weight, molecular weight distribution, coupling rate, aromatic vinyl monomer unit content, vinyl bond content, and Mooney viscosity (ML 1 + 4 , 100 ° C.). These measurement results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 2 Preparation of conjugated diene rubber II
- a polymer block (A) having an active end.
- the weight average molecular weight, molecular weight distribution, aromatic vinyl monomer unit content, isoprene monomer unit content, and vinyl bond content were measured.
- Example 4 Preparation of conjugated diene rubber IV
- a polymer block (A) having an active end.
- the weight average molecular weight, molecular weight distribution, aromatic vinyl monomer unit content, isoprene monomer unit content, and vinyl bond content were measured.
- Example 5 Evaluation of crosslinked rubber obtained from rubber composition containing conjugated diene rubber I] Using a Banbury mixer with a volume of 250 ml, 70 parts of the conjugated diene rubber I obtained in Example 1 and 30 parts of butadiene rubber (trade name “Nipol BR1220”, manufactured by Nippon Zeon Co., Ltd.) were masticated.
- silica (trade name “Zeosil 1165MP”, manufactured by Rhodia, nitrogen adsorption specific surface area (BET method): 163 m 2 / g), 50 parts, silane coupling agent (bis (3- (triethoxysilyl) propyl) tetrasulfide , Trade name “Si69”, manufactured by Degussa) 6.0 parts, and process oil (trade name "Fukkor Eramik 30", manufactured by Nippon Oil Corporation) 25 parts, and 110 ° C as the starting temperature 1.5 Kneaded for a minute.
- silane coupling agent bis (3- (triethoxysilyl) propyl
- Si69 manufactured by Degussa
- process oil (trade name "Fukkor Eramik 30", manufactured by Nippon Oil Corporation) 25 parts, and 110 ° C as the starting temperature 1.5 Kneaded for a minute.
- the rubber composition was cooled to room temperature, kneaded again in a Banbury mixer for 3 minutes, and then the rubber composition was discharged from the Banbury mixer. Then, using an open roll at 50 ° C., the obtained rubber composition, 1.5 parts of sulfur and a crosslinking accelerator (Nt-butyl-2-benzothiazole sulfenamide (trade name “Noxeller NS”, After kneading 1.7 parts of Ouchi Shinsei Chemical Co., Ltd.) and 2.0 parts of diphenylguanidine (trade name “Noxeller D”, manufactured by Ouchi Shinsei Chemical Co., Ltd.), sheet rubber The composition was removed.
- a crosslinking accelerator Nt-butyl-2-benzothiazole sulfenamide
- diphenylguanidine trade name “Noxeller D”, manufactured by Ouchi Shinsei Chemical Co., Ltd.
- This rubber composition was press-crosslinked at 160 ° C. for 20 minutes to prepare each test piece, and each test piece was evaluated for tensile strength, wet grip property, and low heat build-up. Table 2 shows the results.
- Example 6 Evaluation of rubber crosslinked product obtained from rubber composition containing conjugated diene rubber II, III or IV
- conjugated diene rubber II obtained in Example 2
- conjugated diene rubber III obtained in Example 3
- conjugate obtained in Example 4 A rubber composition was obtained in the same manner as in Example 5 except that the same amount of diene rubber IV (Example 8) was used, and each test piece was evaluated. Table 2 shows the results.
- the rubber compositions (Examples 5 to 8) of the present invention containing the conjugated diene rubbers of Examples 1 to 4 corresponding to the conjugated diene rubber of the present invention are the conjugated diene rubbers of Comparative Example 1, or A rubber composition containing the conjugated diene rubber of Comparative Example 2 containing a polymer block (d) in which the content of aromatic vinyl monomer units exceeds 20% by weight instead of the polymer block (A) Compared with (Comparative Examples 3 to 4), the cross-linked product (corresponding to a tire) had the same or better performance than the tensile strength and wet grip, and was excellent overall.
- the present invention can be used in any industrial field that uses rubber, resin, and the like, and is particularly suitable for rubber products such as tires.
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Abstract
Description
本発明の共役ジエン系ゴムの製造方法では、まず、不活性溶媒中で、イソプレンおよび芳香族ビニル単量体を含む単量体混合物を、重合開始剤により重合し、イソプレン単量体単位80~95重量%および芳香族ビニル単量体単位5~20重量%を含む活性末端を有する重合体ブロック(A)を形成させる工程を実施し、次いで、上記活性末端を有する重合体ブロック(A)と、1,3-ブタジエン、または1,3-ブタジエンおよび芳香族ビニル単量体を含む単量体混合物と、を混合して重合反応を継続させ、1,3-ブタジエン単量体単位50~100重量%および芳香族ビニル単量体単位0~50重量%を含む活性末端を有する重合体ブロック(B)を、上記重合体ブロック(A)と一続きにして形成させることにより、上記重合体ブロック(A)および上記重合体ブロック(B)を有する、活性末端を有する共役ジエン系重合体鎖を得る工程を実施することを特徴とする。
本発明で用いる共役ジエン系重合体鎖中の重合体ブロック(A)は、重合体ブロック(A)中、イソプレン単量体単位80~95重量%および芳香族ビニル単量体単位5~20重量%を含んでいれば特に限定されず、イソプレン単量体単位85~95重量%および芳香族ビニル単量体単位5~15重量%を含んでいることが好ましく、イソプレン単量体単位89~95重量%および芳香族ビニル単量体単位5~11重量%を含んでいることがより好ましい。イソプレン単量体単位と芳香族ビニル単量体単位との含有割合が上記範囲内にあると、共役ジエン系ゴムにシリカを配合した場合に、共役ジエン系ゴムとシリカとの親和性が良好となり、そのゴム組成物を用いて得られるタイヤは、低発熱性、ウェットグリップ性、および強度に優れる。
本発明で用いる共役ジエン系重合体鎖中の重合体ブロック(B)は、重合体ブロック(B)中、1,3-ブタジエン単量体単位50~100重量%および芳香族ビニル単量体単位0~50重量%を含んでいれば特に限定されず、1,3-ブタジエン単量体単位55~95重量%および芳香族ビニル単量体単位5~45重量%を含んでいることが好ましく、1,3-ブタジエン単量体単位55~90重量%および芳香族ビニル単量体単位10~45重量%を含んでいることがより好ましい。1,3-ブタジエン単量体単位と芳香族ビニル単量体単位との含有割合が上記範囲内にあると、共役ジエン系ゴムの製造がより容易となる。
本発明の共役ジエン系ゴムの製造方法では、次に、上述した活性末端を有する共役ジエン系重合体鎖の活性末端に、エポキシ基およびアルコキシ基から選ばれる少なくともいずれかの基を1分子中に3以上有する変性剤を、重合に使用した重合開始剤に対する変性剤中のエポキシ基およびアルコキシ基の合計モル比が0.1~1となる範囲で反応させる工程を実施することにより、共役ジエン系ゴムを得ることを特徴とする。
本明細書において「変性剤」とは、分子中に、共役ジエン系重合体鎖の活性末端と反応する官能基を有するものであり、本発明において、この官能基は、エポキシ基およびアルコキシ基から選ばれる少なくともいずれかの基である。本発明において、この官能基の数は、1分子中に3以上である。エポキシ基およびアルコキシ基から選ばれる少なくともいずれかの基を1分子中に3以上有する変性剤を用いることにより、共役ジエン系重合体鎖を高効率に変性させることができるため、本発明の製造方法により得られる共役ジエン系ゴムは、シリカとの親和性が高まる。その結果、得られるタイヤは、低発熱性に優れる。なお、本明細書において「エポキシ基およびアルコキシ基から選ばれる少なくともいずれかの基を1分子中に3以上有する」とは、一分子中にエポキシ基を3以上有する場合、一分子中にアルコキシ基を3以上有する場合、一分子中に1のエポキシ基および2以上のアルコキシ基を有する場合、一分子中に2のエポキシ基および1以上のアルコキシ基を有する場合、ならびに一分子中に3以上のエポキシ基および1以上のアルコキシ基を有する場合を含むことを意図している。
一般式(I)で示されるポリオルガノシロキサンにおいて、一般式(I)のR1~R8、X1およびX4を構成し得る炭素数1~6のアルキル基としては、例えば、メチル基、エチル基、n-プロピル基、イソプロピル基、ブチル基、ペンチル基、ヘキシル基およびシクロヘキシル基などが挙げられる。炭素数6~12のアリール基としては、例えば、フェニル基およびメチルフェニル基などが挙げられる。これらの中でも、ポリオルガノシロキサン自体の製造の容易性の観点から、メチル基およびエチル基が好ましい。
一般式(II)中、Z1は、炭素数1~10のアルキレン基、またはアルキルアリーレン基であり、Z2はメチレン基、硫黄原子、または酸素原子であり、Eはエポキシ基を有する炭素数2~10の炭化水素基である。
本発明のゴム組成物は、本発明の製造方法により得られる共役ジエン系ゴムを含有するゴム成分、およびシリカを含有し、ゴム成分100重量部に対し、シリカ10~200重量部を含む。
本発明のゴム架橋物は、本発明のゴム組成物を架橋して形成されている。本発明のゴム組成物を用いて、タイヤなどのゴム製品(ゴム架橋物)を構成する場合の架橋および成形方法は、特に限定されず、架橋物の形状、大きさなどに応じて選択すればよい。金型中に、架橋剤を配合したゴム組成物を充填して加熱することにより成形と同時に架橋してもよく、架橋剤を配合したゴム組成物を予め成形した後、それを加熱して架橋してもよい。成形時の温度は、好ましくは20~140℃、より好ましくは40~130℃である。架橋温度は、好ましくは120~200℃、より好ましくは140~180℃であり、架橋時間は、例えば、1~120分である。
以上のとおり、本発明によれば、不活性溶媒中で、イソプレンおよび芳香族ビニル単量体を含む単量体混合物を、重合開始剤により重合し、イソプレン単量体単位80~95重量%および芳香族ビニル単量体単位5~20重量%を含む活性末端を有する重合体ブロック(A)を形成させる工程、上記活性末端を有する重合体ブロック(A)と、1,3-ブタジエン、または1,3-ブタジエンおよび芳香族ビニル単量体を含む単量体混合物と、を混合して重合反応を継続させ、1,3-ブタジエン単量体単位50~100重量%および芳香族ビニル単量体単位0~50重量%を含む活性末端を有する重合体ブロック(B)を、上記重合体ブロック(A)と一続きにして形成させることにより、上記重合体ブロック(A)および上記重合体ブロック(B)を有する、活性末端を有する共役ジエン系重合体鎖を得る工程、および、上記活性末端を有する共役ジエン系重合体鎖の上記活性末端に、エポキシ基およびアルコキシ基から選ばれる少なくともいずれかの基を1分子中に3以上有する変性剤を、重合に使用した上記重合開始剤に対する上記変性剤中のエポキシ基およびアルコキシ基の合計モル比が0.1~1となる範囲で反応させる工程、を含むことを特徴とする共役ジエン系ゴムの製造方法が提供される。
さらに、本発明によれば、上記の製造方法により得られる共役ジエン系ゴムが提供される。
重量平均分子量、分子量分布、およびカップリング率は、ゲルパーミエーションクロマトグラフィにより、ポリスチレン換算の分子量に基づくチャートを得て、そのチャートに基づいて求めた。なお、ゲルパーミエーションクロマトグラフィの具体的な測定条件は、以下の通りである。
カラム :GMH-HR-H(東ソー社製)2本を直列に連結した
検出器 :示差屈折計RI-8020(東ソー社製)
溶離液 :テトラヒドロフラン
カラム温度:40℃
なお、カップリング率については、全溶出面積に対する、分子量の最も小さいピークが示すピークトップ分子量の2.8倍以上のピークトップ分子量を有するピーク部分の面積比を、共役ジエン系重合体鎖の3分岐以上のカップリング率として示す。
芳香族ビニル単量体単位含有量、およびビニル結合含有量は、1H-NMRにより測定した。
ムーニー粘度は、JIS K6300に従い、ムーニー粘度計(島津製作所社製)を用いて測定した。
引張強度は、JIS K6251に従って、ダンベル状3号形試験片を用いて引張試験を行ない、破断強度を測定した。この特性については、後述する比較例3を基準サンプルとし、比較例3の測定値を100とする指数で示した。この指数が大きいものほど、ゴム架橋物の引張強度に優れる。
ウェットグリップ性は、JIS K6255に従って、直径29.0mm、厚み12.5mmの試験片を用いて反発弾性試験を行ない、0℃における反発弾性を測定した。この特性については、後述する比較例3を基準サンプルとし、比較例3の測定値を100とする指数で示した。この指数が大きいものほど、ゴム架橋物をタイヤに用いた際のウェットグリップ性に優れる。
低発熱性は、長さ50mm、幅12.7mm、厚さ2mmの試験片を、レオメトリックス社製ARESを用い、動的歪み2.5%、10Hzの条件で60℃におけるtanδを測定した。この特性については、後述する比較例3を基準サンプルとし、比較例3の測定値を100とする指数で示した。この指数が小さいものほど、ゴム架橋物をタイヤに用いた際の低発熱性に優れる。
窒素置換された100mlアンプル瓶に、シクロヘキサン35g、およびテトラメチルエチレンジアミン0.43mmolを添加し、さらに、n-ブチルリチウム4.3mmolを添加した。次いで、イソプレン22.0g、およびスチレン1.7gをゆっくりと添加し、50℃のアンプル瓶内で120分反応させることにより、活性末端を有する重合体ブロック(A)を得た。この重合体ブロック(A)について、重量平均分子量、分子量分布、芳香族ビニル単量体単位含有量、イソプレン単量体単位含有量、およびビニル結合含有量を測定した。これらの測定結果を表1に示す。
窒素置換された100mlアンプル瓶に、シクロヘキサン35g、およびテトラメチルエチレンジアミン6.9mmolを添加し、さらに、n-ブチルリチウム4.3mmolを添加した。次いで、イソプレン22.0g、およびスチレン1.9gをゆっくりと添加し、50℃のアンプル瓶内で120分反応させることにより、活性末端を有する重合体ブロック(A)を得た。この重合体ブロック(A)について、重量平均分子量、分子量分布、芳香族ビニル単量体単位含有量、イソプレン単量体単位含有量、およびビニル結合含有量を測定した。これらの測定結果を表1に示す。
窒素置換された100mlアンプル瓶に、シクロヘキサン35g、およびテトラメチルエチレンジアミン6.9mmolを添加し、さらに、n-ブチルリチウム4.3mmolを添加した。次いで、イソプレン10.7g、およびスチレン1.2gをゆっくりと添加し、50℃のアンプル瓶内で120分反応させることにより、活性末端を有する重合体ブロック(A)を得た。この重合体ブロック(A)について、重量平均分子量、分子量分布、芳香族ビニル単量体単位含有量、イソプレン単量体単位含有量、およびビニル結合含有量を測定した。これらの測定結果を表1に示す。
窒素置換された100mlアンプル瓶に、シクロヘキサン35g、およびテトラメチルエチレンジアミン6.9mmolを添加し、さらに、n-ブチルリチウム4.3mmolを添加した。次いで、イソプレン21.5g、およびスチレン3.2gをゆっくりと添加し、50℃のアンプル瓶内で120分反応させることにより、活性末端を有する重合体ブロック(A)を得た。この重合体ブロック(A)について、重量平均分子量、分子量分布、芳香族ビニル単量体単位含有量、イソプレン単量体単位含有量、およびビニル結合含有量を測定した。これらの測定結果を表1に示す。
窒素置換された100mlアンプル瓶に、シクロヘキサン35g、およびテトラメチルエチレンジアミン6.9mmolを添加し、さらに、n-ブチルリチウム4.3mmolを添加した。次いで、イソプレン21.5gをゆっくりと添加し、50℃のアンプル瓶内で120分反応させることにより、活性末端を有する重合体ブロック(c)を得た。この重合体ブロック(c)について、重量平均分子量、分子量分布、イソプレン単量体単位含有量、およびビニル結合含有量を測定した。これらの測定結果を表1に示す。
窒素置換された100mlアンプル瓶に、シクロヘキサン35g、およびテトラメチルエチレンジアミン6.9mmolを添加し、さらに、n-ブチルリチウム4.3mmolを添加した。次いで、イソプレン19.9g、およびスチレン5.8gをゆっくりと添加し、50℃のアンプル瓶内で120分反応させることにより、活性末端を有する重合体ブロック(d)を得た。この重合体ブロック(d)について、重量平均分子量、分子量分布、芳香族ビニル単量体単位含有量、イソプレン単量体単位含有量、およびビニル結合含有量を測定した。これらの測定結果を表1に示す。
容積250mlのバンバリーミキサーを用いて、実施例1で得た共役ジエン系ゴムI 70部、およびブタジエンゴム(商品名「Nipol BR1220」、日本ゼオン社製)30部を素練りした。次いで、シリカ(商品名「Zeosil 1165MP」、ローディア社製、窒素吸着比表面積(BET法):163m2/g)50部、シランカップリング剤(ビス(3-(トリエトキシシリル)プロピル)テトラスルフィド、商品名「Si69」、デグッサ社製)6.0部、およびプロセスオイル(商品名「フッコール エラミック30」、新日本石油社製)25部を添加して、110℃を開始温度として1.5分間混練した。この混練物に、シリカ(商品名「Zeosil 1165MP」、ローディア社製)25部、酸化亜鉛(亜鉛華1号)2.5部、ステアリン酸(商品名「SA-300」、旭電化工業社製)2部、および老化防止剤(N-フェニル-N’-(1,3-ジメチルブチル)-p-フェニレンジアミン、商品名「ノクラック6C」、大内新興化学工業社製)2部を添加し、2.5分間混練して、バンバリーミキサーからゴム組成物を排出させた。混練終了時のゴム組成物の温度は150℃であった。このゴム組成物を、室温まで冷却した後、再度バンバリーミキサー中で、3分間混練した後、バンバリーミキサーからゴム組成物を排出させた。次いで、50℃のオープンロールを用いて、得られたゴム組成物と、硫黄1.5部および架橋促進剤(N-t-ブチル-2-ベンゾチアゾールスルフェンアミド(商品名「ノクセラーNS」、大内新興化学工業社製)1.7部と、ジフェニルグアニジン(商品名「ノクセラーD」、大内新興化学工業社製)2.0部との混合物)とを混練した後、シート状のゴム組成物を取り出した。
その結果を示す。
共役ジエン系ゴムIに代えて、実施例2で得た共役ジエン系ゴムII(実施例6)、実施例3で得た共役ジエン系ゴムIII(実施例7)、実施例4で得た共役ジエン系ゴムIV(実施例8)をそれぞれ同量用いたこと以外は、実施例5と同様の方法でゴム組成物を得て、各試験片の評価を行った。表2にその結果を示す。
共役ジエン系ゴムIに代えて、比較例1で得た共役ジエン系ゴムi(比較例3)、比較
例2で得た共役ジエン系ゴムii(比較例4)をそれぞれ同量用いたこと以外は、実施例
5と同様の方法でゴム組成物を得て、各試験片の評価を行った。表2にその結果を示す。
Claims (8)
- 不活性溶媒中で、イソプレンおよび芳香族ビニル単量体を含む単量体混合物を、重合開始剤により重合し、イソプレン単量体単位80~95重量%および芳香族ビニル単量体単位5~20重量%を含む活性末端を有する重合体ブロック(A)を形成させる工程、
上記活性末端を有する重合体ブロック(A)と、1,3-ブタジエン、または1,3-ブタジエンおよび芳香族ビニル単量体を含む単量体混合物と、を混合して重合反応を継続させ、1,3-ブタジエン単量体単位50~100重量%および芳香族ビニル単量体単位0~50重量%を含む活性末端を有する重合体ブロック(B)を、上記重合体ブロック(A)と一続きにして形成させることにより、上記重合体ブロック(A)および上記重合体ブロック(B)を有する、活性末端を有する共役ジエン系重合体鎖を得る工程、および、
上記活性末端を有する共役ジエン系重合体鎖の上記活性末端に、エポキシ基およびアルコキシ基から選ばれる少なくともいずれかの基を1分子中に3以上有する変性剤を、重合に使用した上記重合開始剤に対する上記変性剤中のエポキシ基およびアルコキシ基の合計モル比が0.1~1となる範囲で反応させる工程、を含むことを特徴とする共役ジエン系ゴムの製造方法。 - 上記重合体ブロック(A)の重量平均分子量が500~15,000である、請求項1に記載の共役ジエン系ゴムの製造方法。
- 上記変性剤が下記一般式(I)で示されるポリオルガノシロキサンである、請求項1または2に記載の共役ジエン系ゴムの製造方法。
- 請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載の製造方法により得られる、共役ジエン系ゴム。
- 請求項4に記載の共役ジエン系ゴムを含有するゴム成分、およびシリカを含有し、
上記ゴム成分100重量部に対し、上記シリカ10~200重量部を含む、ゴム組成物。 - 架橋剤をさらに含有する、請求項5に記載のゴム組成物。
- 請求項6に記載のゴム組成物を架橋して形成されている、ゴム架橋物。
- 請求項7に記載のゴム架橋物を用いて形成されている、タイヤ。
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CN104302676A (zh) | 2015-01-21 |
US9868794B2 (en) | 2018-01-16 |
EP2845867B1 (en) | 2017-04-05 |
KR102036153B1 (ko) | 2019-10-24 |
JP6156385B2 (ja) | 2017-07-05 |
CN104302676B (zh) | 2017-02-22 |
US20150133600A1 (en) | 2015-05-14 |
KR20150065618A (ko) | 2015-06-15 |
EP2845867A1 (en) | 2015-03-11 |
JPWO2014050341A1 (ja) | 2016-08-22 |
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