WO2017138553A1 - タイヤ用ゴム組成物および空気入りタイヤ - Google Patents
タイヤ用ゴム組成物および空気入りタイヤ Download PDFInfo
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- WO2017138553A1 WO2017138553A1 PCT/JP2017/004523 JP2017004523W WO2017138553A1 WO 2017138553 A1 WO2017138553 A1 WO 2017138553A1 JP 2017004523 W JP2017004523 W JP 2017004523W WO 2017138553 A1 WO2017138553 A1 WO 2017138553A1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L9/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of conjugated diene hydrocarbons
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
- B60C1/00—Tyres characterised by the chemical composition or the physical arrangement or mixture of the composition
- B60C1/0016—Compositions of the tread
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/34—Silicon-containing compounds
- C08K3/36—Silica
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/36—Sulfur-, selenium-, or tellurium-containing compounds
- C08K5/39—Thiocarbamic acids; Derivatives thereof, e.g. dithiocarbamates
- C08K5/40—Thiurams, i.e. compounds containing groups
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/54—Silicon-containing compounds
- C08K5/548—Silicon-containing compounds containing sulfur
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L23/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L23/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08L23/18—Homopolymers or copolymers of hydrocarbons having four or more carbon atoms
- C08L23/20—Homopolymers or copolymers of hydrocarbons having four or more carbon atoms having four to nine carbon atoms
- C08L23/22—Copolymers of isobutene; Butyl rubber ; Homo- or copolymers of other iso-olefins
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L25/00—Compositions of, homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an aromatic carbocyclic ring; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L57/00—Compositions of unspecified polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C08L57/02—Copolymers of mineral oil hydrocarbons
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L83/00—Compositions of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing silicon with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen or carbon only; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L83/04—Polysiloxanes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L9/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of conjugated diene hydrocarbons
- C08L9/06—Copolymers with styrene
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G77/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing silicon with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen or carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G77/42—Block-or graft-polymers containing polysiloxane sequences
- C08G77/46—Block-or graft-polymers containing polysiloxane sequences containing polyether sequences
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K2201/00—Specific properties of additives
- C08K2201/002—Physical properties
- C08K2201/006—Additives being defined by their surface area
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a rubber composition for a tire and a pneumatic tire.
- Patent Document 1 states that “a copolymer rubber obtained by copolymerization of 1,3-butadiene and styrene using an organolithium compound as an initiator and having a glass transition point of ⁇ 40 ° C. or higher.
- the BET specific surface area is 210 to 300 m 2 / g and CTAB with respect to 100 parts by weight of the rubber component consisting of a blend rubber alone or a blend of 50% by weight or more of the copolymer rubber and 50% by weight or less of another diene rubber.
- a rubber composition for a pneumatic tire comprising 2 to 25 parts by weight of a silane coupling agent represented by the formula: (C n H 2n + 1 O) 3 Si—C m H 2m —S—CO—C k H 2k + 1 (Wherein n is an integer from 1 to 3, m is an integer from 1 to 5, and k is an integer from 5 to 9).
- the inventors of the present invention have studied the rubber composition for tires described in Patent Document 1, and as a result, the workability is inferior, and the pneumatic tires using the rubber composition for tire treads have recently had wear resistance and wet performance. I found out that it does not meet the required level.
- the present invention provides a tire rubber composition having excellent processability, which can produce a pneumatic tire having excellent wear resistance and wet performance, and a pneumatic tire using the same for a tire tread. It is an issue to provide.
- the present inventors have found that a diene rubber (A) containing a specific amount of a specific conjugated diene rubber represented by the formula (1) described later and a CTAB adsorption specific surface area
- the present invention has been completed by finding that the above-mentioned problems can be solved by a tire rubber composition containing silica in a predetermined range and a silane coupling agent represented by the formula (2) described later. That is, it has been found that the above-described problem can be achieved by the following configuration.
- a specific conjugated diene rubber represented by the formula (1) which will be described later, in an amount of 10% by mass or more, a structural unit based on a monomer containing isoprene in the polymer block A and a monomer containing an aromatic vinyl Base
- the mass ratio of the structural unit to the structural unit is 80/20 to 95/5
- the formula amount of block A is 500 to 15,000
- the CTAB adsorption specific surface area of silica (B) is 180 to 250 m 2 / g
- the silane coupling agent (C) is expressed by the formula (2) described later.
- a tire rubber composition wherein the polyorganosiloxane is a polyorganosiloxane represented by the formula (3) described later.
- a tire rubber composition having excellent processability capable of producing a pneumatic tire having excellent wear resistance and wet performance, and a pneumatic tire using the same for a tire tread Can be provided.
- a numerical range expressed using “to” means a range including numerical values described before and after “to” as a lower limit value and an upper limit value.
- the rubber composition for tires of the present invention contains a diene rubber (A), silica (B), and a silane coupling agent (C).
- the diene rubber (A) comprises a polymer block A containing isoprene units and aromatic vinyl units, and a polymer block B containing 1,3-butadiene units.
- the polymer block C containing the polyorganosiloxane represented by the formula (3) described later, and the specific conjugated diene rubber represented by the formula (1) described later containing 10% by mass or more.
- the mass ratio of the isoprene unit to the aromatic vinyl unit in the polymer block A is 80/20 to 95/5, and The formula weight of the polymer block A is 500 to 15,000.
- silica (B) has a CTAB adsorption specific surface area of 180 to 250 m 2 / g.
- the rubber composition for tires of this invention is a silane coupling agent by which a silane coupling agent (C) is represented by Formula (2) mentioned later.
- tires In recent years, in the technical field of automotive pneumatic tires (hereinafter also referred to as “tires”), pneumatic tires that contribute to low fuel consumption, so-called from the viewpoint of suppressing the amount of carbon dioxide generated by the combustion of fuel, so-called There is a demand for a fuel-efficient tire and a rubber composition for tires used for the production thereof. Low fuel consumption tires require low energy loss per unit travel distance, and one of the important developments in recent years is a pneumatic tire that has excellent wear resistance and wet performance in addition to its characteristics And a tire rubber composition used for the production thereof.
- vulcanized product a vulcanized rubber composition for tires (hereinafter simply referred to as “vulcanized product”) used for tire treads.
- the friction coefficient contributing to the grip performance of the tire is a hysteresis loss (hysteresis Therefore, if the energy loss of the vulcanizate is simply reduced by aiming at a fuel-efficient tire, the grip force (wet performance) in a wet environment may be reduced.
- Patent Document 1 states that “by using a styrene-butadiene rubber having a high glass transition point as a rubber component and using a protected mercaptosilane as a silane coupling agent together with a silica having a small particle diameter, It is possible to improve the uptake of silica and improve the dispersibility of small-particle-size silica with high cohesion, and improve the grip performance on wet and dry road surfaces.
- silica is dispersed in the tire rubber composition, and further, a part of the molecular chain of the rubber molecule is incorporated and restrained in the structure of the primary aggregate (so-called aggregate) of the dispersed silica particles.
- the loss tangent (hereinafter also referred to as “tan ⁇ ”) of the vulcanizate can be controlled (this effect is hereinafter referred to as “reinforcing effect” of silica), and desired wear resistance performance and wet performance can be obtained. I guess it can be done.
- the inventors of the present invention are among the three due to the structures of diene rubber, silica, and silane coupling agent. As a result of carrying out the compounding design focusing on the interaction, the present invention has been reached for the first time, and this difficult problem has been solved.
- one of the features of the present invention is that a diene rubber (A) containing a predetermined amount of a specific conjugated diene rubber having a predetermined primary structure, silica (B) having a predetermined CTAB adsorption specific surface area, and a predetermined The silane coupling agent (C) having the primary structure is used in combination.
- the feature points of the present invention are further divided into the following three feature points. Since these three feature points are included at the same time, the tire rubber composition of the present invention is presumed to have the effects of the present invention. .
- the diene rubber (A) in the present invention contains a predetermined amount of a specific conjugated diene rubber having a predetermined primary structure.
- This specific conjugated diene rubber has polymer blocks A and B that are highly reactive with the silane coupling agent (C) described later, and has a primary structure in which the polymer block C is bonded to the polymer block C. It is considered that it contributes to obtain the effects of the invention. This is clear from comparison with Example 1, Comparative Example 4 and Comparative Example 6 which will be described later.
- the tire rubber composition of the present invention includes silica (B) having a CTAB adsorption specific surface area within a predetermined range.
- silica (B) having a CTAB adsorption specific surface area within a predetermined range.
- the third feature of the tire rubber composition of the present invention is that it contains a silane coupling agent (C) having a structure in which a mercapto group having a high reaction performance with the diene rubber (A) is protected. It is.
- a silane coupling agent having this specific structure sufficient kneading time and temperature for dispersion of the silica are ensured, viscosity during kneading is reduced, workability is good, and vulcanization is performed.
- the diene rubber (A) and the deprotected silane coupling agent (C) react quickly so that the reinforcing effect of silica is sufficiently exhibited. It is thought to contribute. This is clear from the comparison with Example 1, Comparative Example 8, and Comparative Example 9.
- the tire rubber composition of the present invention has excellent workability, and has an effect of having excellent wear resistance performance and wet performance when a pneumatic tire is produced using the rubber composition (hereinafter referred to as “the present invention”).
- the present invention has an effect of having excellent wear resistance performance and wet performance when a pneumatic tire is produced using the rubber composition (hereinafter referred to as “the present invention”).
- the scope of the present invention is not construed in a limited way by this estimation.
- the diene rubber (A) contained in the rubber composition for tires of the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it contains 10% by mass or more of the specific conjugated diene rubber described later, and the effect of the present invention becomes better.
- the specific conjugated diene rubber is preferably contained in an amount of 20 to 100% by mass, more preferably 30 to 70% by mass.
- the diene rubber (A) other than the specific conjugated diene rubber is not particularly limited.
- natural rubber isoprene rubber, butadiene rubber, styrene-isoprene rubber, butadiene-isoprene rubber, styrene-isoprene-butadiene rubber, nitrile
- examples thereof include rubber, and natural rubber or butadiene rubber is preferable, and butadiene rubber is more preferable in that the wear resistance of the vulcanizate is good.
- a diene rubber (A) may be used individually by 1 type, or may use 2 or more types together.
- the specific conjugated diene rubber includes a polymer block A containing isoprene units and aromatic vinyl units, a polymer block B containing 1,3-butadiene units, a polymer block C containing polyorganosiloxane,
- the mass ratio of the isoprene unit to the aromatic vinyl unit in the polymer block A (isoprene unit / aromatic vinyl unit) is 80/20 to 95/5.
- the amount is 500-15,000.
- A represents the polymer block A
- B represents the polymer block B
- C represents the polymer block C.
- the specific conjugated diene rubber may include those containing a plurality of polymer blocks A and / or those containing other polymer blocks as described later, and those having a branched chain structure. It may be included.
- Step A By polymerizing a monomer mixture containing isoprene and aromatic vinyl, the mass ratio of isoprene units to aromatic vinyl units (isoprene units / aromatic vinyl units) is 80/20 to 95 / Step of forming polymer block A having an active end and formula amount of 500 to 15,000, step B: containing polymer block A, 1,3-butadiene and aromatic vinyl
- step B containing polymer block A, 1,3-butadiene and aromatic vinyl
- the polymer block A and the polymer block are formed by mixing the monomer mixture and continuing the polymerization reaction to form a polymer block B having an active terminal in a continuous manner with the polymer block A.
- Steps for obtaining a conjugated diene polymer chain having an active end with B Step C: A polymer represented by the formula (3) described later is added to the active end of the conjugated diene polymer chain. Step reacting the organosiloxane described below in detail each step.
- step A the mass ratio of isoprene units to aromatic vinyl units (isoprene units / aromatic vinyl units) is 80/20 to 95/5, and the formula weight is 500 to 15,000.
- the polymer block A is formed.
- the monomer mixture may contain only isoprene and aromatic vinyl, or may contain monomers other than isoprene and aromatic vinyl.
- the aromatic vinyl is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include styrene, ⁇ -methylstyrene, 2-methylstyrene, 3-methylstyrene, 4-methylstyrene, 2-ethylstyrene, 3-ethylstyrene, 4-ethylstyrene, Examples include 2,4-diisopropylstyrene, 2,4-dimethylstyrene, 4-t-butylstyrene, 5-t-butyl-2-methylstyrene, vinylnaphthalene, dimethylaminomethylstyrene, and dimethylaminoethylstyrene. Among these, styrene is preferable. These aromatic vinyls may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- Examples of monomers other than isoprene and aromatic vinyl include 1,3-butadiene, 2,3-dimethyl-1,3-butadiene, 2-chloro-1,3-butadiene, 1,3-pentadiene, and Conjugated dienes other than isoprene such as 1,3-hexadiene; ⁇ , ⁇ -unsaturated nitriles such as acrylonitrile and methacrylonitrile; unsaturated carboxylic acids or acid anhydrides such as acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, and maleic anhydride; Unsaturated carboxylic esters such as methyl methacrylate, ethyl acrylate, and butyl acrylate; 1,5-hexadiene, 1,6-heptadiene, 1,7-octadiene, dicyclopentadiene, and 5-ethylidene-2-norbornene Non-conjugated dienes such as; Of these, 1,3-butadiene is preferred.
- the monomer mixture is preferably polymerized in an inert solvent.
- the inert solvent is not particularly limited as long as it is one usually used in solution polymerization and does not inhibit the polymerization reaction. Specific examples thereof include, for example, chain aliphatic hydrocarbons such as butane, pentane, hexane, heptane, and 2-butene; alicyclic hydrocarbons such as cyclopentane, cyclohexane, and cyclohexene; benzene, toluene, and xylene Aromatic hydrocarbons such as; and the like.
- the amount of the inert solvent used is such that the monomer mixture concentration is, for example, 1 to 80% by mass, preferably 10 to 50% by mass.
- the monomer mixture is preferably polymerized with a polymerization initiator.
- the polymerization initiator is not particularly limited as long as a monomer chain containing isoprene and aromatic vinyl is polymerized to give a polymer chain having an active end.
- a polymerization initiator mainly containing an organic alkali metal compound, an organic alkaline earth metal compound, a lanthanum series metal compound, or the like is preferably used.
- organic alkali metal compound examples include organic monolithium compounds such as n-butyllithium, sec-butyllithium, t-butyllithium, hexyllithium, phenyllithium, and stilbenelithium; dilithiomethane, 1,4-dilithiobutane, 1, Organic polyvalent lithium compounds such as 4-dilithio-2-ethylcyclohexane, 1,3,5-trilithiobenzene, and 1,3,5-tris (lithiomethyl) benzene; organic sodium compounds such as sodium naphthalene; potassium naphthalene and the like Organic potassium compounds; and the like.
- organic monolithium compounds such as n-butyllithium, sec-butyllithium, t-butyllithium, hexyllithium, phenyllithium, and stilbenelithium
- dilithiomethane 1,4-dilithiobutane
- Organic polyvalent lithium compounds such as 4-d
- organic alkaline earth metal compound examples include di-n-butylmagnesium, di-n-hexylmagnesium, diethoxycalcium, calcium distearate, di-t-butoxystrontium, diethoxybarium, and diisopropoxybarium. , Diethyl mercaptobarium, di-t-butoxybarium, diphenoxybarium, diethylaminobarium, barium distearate, and diketylbarium.
- a polymerization initiator having a lanthanum series metal compound as a main catalyst for example, a lanthanum series metal comprising a lanthanum series metal such as lanthanum, cerium, praseodymium, neodymium, samarium and gadolinium, a carboxylic acid, a phosphorus-containing organic acid, and the like.
- a polymerization initiator composed of this salt and a cocatalyst such as an alkylaluminum compound, an organoaluminum hydride compound, and an organoaluminum halide compound.
- an organic monolithium compound is preferably used, and n-butyllithium is more preferably used.
- the organic alkali metal compound is used as an organic alkali metal amide compound by previously reacting with a secondary amine such as dibutylamine, dihexylamine, dibenzylamine, pyrrolidine, hexamethyleneimine, and heptamethyleneimine. Also good.
- These polymerization initiators may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the amount of the polymerization initiator used may be determined according to the target molecular weight, but is preferably 4 to 250 mmol, more preferably 6 to 200 mmol, and particularly preferably 10 to 70 mmol per 100 g of the monomer mixture. is there.
- the polymerization temperature for polymerizing the monomer mixture is, for example, in the range of ⁇ 80 to + 150 ° C., preferably 0 to 100 ° C., more preferably 20 to 90 ° C.
- the polymerization mode any mode such as batch mode or continuous mode can be adopted.
- bonding mode it can be set as various coupling
- Examples of a method for adjusting the 1,4-bond content in the isoprene unit in the polymer block A include a method of adjusting the addition amount by adding a polar compound to an inert solvent during polymerization.
- polar compounds include ether compounds such as dibutyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, and 2,2-di (tetrahydrofuryl) propane; tertiary amines such as tetramethylethylenediamine; alkali metal alkoxides; phosphine compounds; Among these, ether compounds and tertiary amines are preferable, and among them, those capable of forming a chelate structure with the metal of the polymerization initiator are more preferable, 2,2-di (tetrahydrofuryl) propane, and tetramethylethylenediamine Is particularly preferred.
- the amount of the polar compound used may be determined according to the target 1,4-bond content, and is preferably 0.01 to 30 mol, more preferably 0.05 to 10 mol, relative to 1 mol of the polymerization initiator.
- the 1,4-bond content in the isoprene unit can be easily adjusted, and problems due to the deactivation of the polymerization initiator hardly occur.
- the 1,4-bond content in the isoprene unit in the polymer block A is preferably 10 to 95% by mass, and more preferably 20 to 95% by mass.
- the 1,4-bond content in the isoprene unit refers to the ratio (mass%) of 1,4-bonded isoprene units to the total isoprene units of the polymer block A.
- the vinyl bond content in the isoprene unit refers to the total amount of isoprene units having 1,2-bonds or 3,4-bonds relative to all isoprene units.
- the formula weight of the polymer block A can be determined by measuring the weight average molecular weight (Mw) of the polymer block A at the end stage of the process A.
- the weight average molecular weight of the polymer block A is calculated as a value in terms of polystyrene measured by gel permeation chromatography (GPC) and is 500 to 15,000. Among them, it is more preferably 1,000 to 12,000, further preferably 1,500 to 10,000, and particularly preferably 2,500 to 10,000.
- GPC gel permeation chromatography
- the formula amount of the polymer block A is less than 500, the end chain concentration of the specific conjugated diene rubber in the tire rubber composition increases, so that tan ⁇ near 60 ° C.
- the rolling resistance of the vulcanizate ( Energy loss per unit travel distance when using a tire) is increased.
- the formula weight of the polymer block A exceeds 15,000, the dispersibility of the silica is impaired, so that the wear resistance and wet performance of the vulcanizate are inferior.
- the molecular weight distribution represented by the ratio (Mw / Mn) of the weight average molecular weight (Mw) and the number average molecular weight (Mn) of the polymer block A is preferably 1.0 to 1.5, More preferably, it is -1.3.
- Mw and Mn are both polystyrene-equivalent values measured by GPC.
- the mass ratio (isoprene unit / aromatic vinyl unit) between the isoprene unit and the aromatic vinyl unit in the polymer block A is 80/20 to 95/5, and the effect of the present invention is further improved. / 15 to 95/5 is preferable, and 87/13 to 95/5 is more preferable.
- the content of constituent units other than the isoprene unit and the aromatic vinyl unit in the polymer block A is preferably 15% by mass or less in the polymer block A, and more preferably 10% by mass or less. More preferably, it is 6% by mass or less.
- Step B the polymer block A formed in Step A described above and the monomer containing 1,3-butadiene are mixed to continue the polymerization reaction, and the polymer block B having an active end is obtained.
- the polymer block A continuously with the polymer block A a conjugated diene polymer chain having an active terminal and having the polymer block A and the polymer block B is obtained.
- the monomer mixture is preferably polymerized in an inert solvent.
- the definition, specific examples and preferred embodiments of the inert solvent are as described above.
- the amount of the polymer block A having an active terminal in forming the polymer block B may be determined according to the target molecular weight, but it may be a monomer containing 1,3-butadiene, or 1 , 3-butadiene-containing monomer and aromatic vinyl-containing monomer mixture per 100 g, for example, 0.1 to 5 mmol, preferably 0.15 to 2 mmol, more preferably 0.2 to 1 The range is .5 mmol.
- the mixing method of the polymer block A and a monomer containing 1,3-butadiene, or a mixture of a monomer containing 1,3-butadiene and a monomer containing aromatic vinyl is particularly limited.
- Polymer having an active end in a solution of a monomer containing 1,3-butadiene, or a mixture of a monomer containing 1,3-butadiene and a monomer containing aromatic vinyl Block A may be added, or a monomer containing 1,3-butadiene, or a monomer containing 1,3-butadiene and an aromatic vinyl in a solution of polymer block A having an active end A mixture of monomers containing may be added. From the viewpoint of polymerization control, the former is preferred.
- the polymerization temperature is, for example, ⁇ 80 It is in the range of ⁇ + 150 ° C., preferably 0-100 ° C., more preferably 20-90 ° C.
- the polymerization mode any mode such as batch mode or continuous mode can be adopted. Of these, the batch type is preferable.
- the bonding mode of each monomer is, for example, block, tapered, and Various bonding modes such as a random shape can be used. Among these, a random shape is preferable.
- the bonding mode of 1,3-butadiene and aromatic vinyl is made random, the ratio of aromatic vinyl to the total amount of 1,3-butadiene and aromatic vinyl in the polymerization system should not be too high. 1,3-butadiene and aromatic vinyl are preferably supplied continuously or intermittently into the polymerization system for polymerization.
- the mass ratio of the 1,3-butadiene unit to the aromatic vinyl unit in the polymer block B (1,3-butadiene unit / aromatic vinyl unit) is around 60 ° C. due to improved reactivity between the silane coupling agent and the polymer. Is preferably 55/45 to 95/5, and more preferably 55/45 to 90/10 in that the tan ⁇ at the time is reduced and the rolling resistance of the vulcanizate is further reduced.
- the polymer block B may further have structural units based on other monomers.
- Other monomers used to form other structural units include 2,3-dimethyl-1,3-butadiene, 2-chloro-1,3-butadiene, 1,3-pentadiene, and 1,3 Conjugated diene monomers other than isoprene such as 3-hexadiene; ⁇ , ⁇ -unsaturated nitriles such as acrylonitrile and methacrylonitrile; unsaturated carboxylic acids or acid anhydrides such as acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, and maleic anhydride Unsaturated carboxylic esters such as methyl methacrylate, ethyl acrylate, and butyl acrylate; 1,5-hexadiene, 1,6-heptadiene, 1,7-octadiene, dicyclopentadiene, and 5-ethylidene-2 Non-conjugated die
- a polar compound in an amount sufficient to adjust the vinyl bond content in the 1,3-butadiene unit in the polymer block B is added to the inert solvent. It is not necessary to add a new polar compound.
- Specific examples of the polar compound used for adjusting the vinyl bond content are the same as the polar compound used for the formation of the polymer block A described above.
- the amount of the polar compound used may be determined according to the target vinyl bond content, and is preferably adjusted in the range of 0.01 to 100 mol, more preferably 0.1 to 30 mol with respect to 1 mol of the polymerization initiator. do it. When the amount of the polar compound used is within this range, it is easy to adjust the vinyl bond content in the 1,3-butadiene unit, and problems due to the deactivation of the polymerization initiator hardly occur.
- the vinyl bond content in the 1,3-butadiene unit in the polymer block B is preferably 10 to 90% by mass, more preferably 20 to 80% by mass, and particularly preferably 25 to 70% by mass.
- a conjugated diene polymer chain having an active terminal and having polymer block A and polymer block B can be obtained.
- the conjugated diene polymer chain having an active end is composed of a polymer block A-polymer block B, and the end of the polymer block B is preferably an active end.
- a plurality of blocks A may be included, or other polymer blocks may be included. Examples thereof include conjugated diene polymer chains having an active end, such as polymer block A-polymer block B-polymer block A, and polymer block A-polymer block B-a block composed solely of isoprene.
- the amount of isoprene used is preferably 10 to 100 mol with respect to 1 mol of the polymerization initiator used in the initial polymerization reaction. 15 to 70 mol is more preferable, and 20 to 35 mol is more preferable.
- the mass ratio of the polymer block A and the polymer block B in the conjugated diene polymer chain having the active terminal is from the standpoint of better effects of the invention, (mass of polymer block A) / (mass of polymer block B) is preferably 0.1 / 99.9 to 10/90, /99.7 to 7/93 is more preferable, and 0.5 / 99.5 to 5/95 is still more preferable.
- the molecular weight distribution represented by the ratio (Mw / Mn) of the weight average molecular weight (Mw) to the number average molecular weight (Mn) of the conjugated diene polymer chain having an active end is 1.0 to 3.0. Is more preferable, 1.0 to 2.5 is more preferable, and 1.0 to 2.2 is still more preferable.
- Mw and Mn are both polystyrene-equivalent values measured by GPC.
- the mass ratio of the total of isoprene units and 1,3-butadiene units to the aromatic vinyl units (total of isoprene units and 1,3-butadiene units / aromatic vinyl units) ) Is preferably 50/50 to 99.995 / 0.005, more preferably 55/45 to 95/5, and more preferably 55/45 to More preferably, it is 90/10.
- the vinyl bond content in the isoprene unit and the 1,3-butadiene unit in the conjugated diene polymer chain having an active end is the vinyl bond content in the 1,3-butadiene unit in the polymer block B described above. It is the same.
- Step C is a step of forming a polymer block C by reacting the active end of the conjugated diene polymer chain obtained in Step B with a polyorganosiloxane represented by the following formula (3).
- R 1 to R 8 are each an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms or an aryl group having 6 to 12 carbon atoms, and these may be the same or different.
- X 1 and X 4 are composed of an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, an aryl group having 6 to 12 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, and a group having 4 to 12 carbon atoms containing an epoxy group. Any group selected from the group may be the same or different.
- X 2 is an alkoxy group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms or a group having 4 to 12 carbon atoms containing an epoxy group, and a plurality of X 2 may be the same as or different from each other.
- X 3 is a group containing 2 to 20 alkylene glycol repeating units, and when there are a plurality of X 3 , they may be the same as or different from each other.
- m is an integer of 3 to 200
- n is an integer of 0 to 200
- k is an integer of 0 to 200.
- examples of the alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms represented by R 1 to R 8 , X 1 and X 4 include, for example, methyl group, ethyl group, n- Examples include propyl group, isopropyl group, butyl group, pentyl group, hexyl group, and cyclohexyl group.
- examples of the aryl group having 6 to 12 carbon atoms include a phenyl group and a methylphenyl group. Among these, a methyl group and an ethyl group are preferable from the viewpoint of production of the polyorganosiloxane itself.
- examples of the alkoxy group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms represented by X 1 , X 2 and X 4 include a methoxy group, an ethoxy group, a propoxy group, A propoxy group, a butoxy group, etc. are mentioned. Of these, a methoxy group and an ethoxy group are preferred from the viewpoint of reactivity with the active terminal of the conjugated diene polymer chain.
- Z 1 is an alkylene group or alkylarylene group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms
- Z 2 is a methylene group, a sulfur atom, or an oxygen atom
- E is a carbon number 2 having an epoxy group.
- * represents a bonding position.
- Z 2 is preferably an oxygen atom
- Z 2 is an oxygen atom
- E is a glycidyl group
- Z 1 has 1 carbon atom.
- Particularly preferred is an alkylene group of ⁇ 3, Z 2 is an oxygen atom, and E is a glycidyl group.
- X 1 and X 4 are preferably a group having 4 to 12 carbon atoms or an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms containing an epoxy group.
- X 2 is preferably a group having 4 to 12 carbon atoms containing an epoxy group, X 1 and X 4 are alkyl groups having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, and X 2 is an epoxy group. It is more preferably a group having 4 to 12 carbon atoms containing a group.
- the group represented by the following formula (5) is preferred as the group containing X 3 , that is, a repeating unit of 2 to 20 alkylene glycol.
- X 3 that is, a repeating unit of 2 to 20 alkylene glycol.
- t is an integer of 2 to 20
- P is an alkylene group or alkylarylene group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms
- R is a hydrogen atom or a methyl group
- Q is 1 to carbon atoms. 10 alkoxy groups or aryloxy groups.
- * represents a bonding position.
- P is an alkylene group having 3 carbon atoms
- R is a hydrogen atom
- Q is a methoxy group
- m is an integer of 3 to 200, preferably an integer of 20 to 150, more preferably an integer of 30 to 120. Since m is an integer of 3 or more, the specific conjugated diene rubber has high affinity with silica. As a result, the vulcanized product of the tire rubber composition of the present invention has excellent wear resistance and wet performance. Have. Moreover, since m is an integer of 200 or less, the production of the polyorganosiloxane itself is facilitated, and the viscosity of the rubber composition for tires of the present invention is low, thereby having excellent processability.
- n is an integer of 0 to 200, preferably an integer of 0 to 150, more preferably an integer of 0 to 120.
- k is an integer of 0 to 200, preferably an integer of 0 to 150, more preferably an integer of 0 to 130.
- the total number of m, n and k is preferably 3 to 400, more preferably 20 to 300, and more preferably 30 to 250. Is particularly preferred.
- the amount of the polyorganosiloxane (hereinafter also referred to as a modifier) is such that the ratio of the total number of moles of epoxy groups and alkoxy groups in the modifier with respect to 1 mol of the polymerization initiator used in the polymerization is 0.1 to 1.
- the amount is preferably in the range of 0.2 to 0.9, more preferably in the range of 0.3 to 0.8.
- a polymerization terminator and the above-described modifier are used.
- a polymerization end modifier other than the agent and a coupling agent into the polymerization system, the active ends of some conjugated diene polymer chains are inactivated within a range that does not impair the effects of the present invention. May be.
- the specific conjugated diene rubber has a polymerization terminator, a polymerization terminal modifier other than the above-described modifier, and a cup as long as the active ends of some conjugated diene polymer chains do not hinder the effects of the present invention. It may be inactivated by a ring agent or the like.
- polymerization terminal modifier and coupling agent used at this time examples include N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone, N-phenyl-2-pyrrolidone, and N-methyl- ⁇ -caprolactam.
- N-substituted cyclic amides such as; N-substituted cyclic ureas such as 1,3-dimethylethyleneurea and 1,3-diethyl-2-imidazolidinone; 4,4′-bis (dimethylamino) benzophenone, And N-substituted aminoketones such as 4,4′-bis (diethylamino) benzophenone; aromatic isocyanates such as diphenylmethane diisocyanate and 2,4-tolylene diisocyanate; N, such as N, N-dimethylaminopropylmethacrylamide N-disubstituted aminoalkylmethacrylamides; 4-N, N N-substituted aminoaldehydes such as dimethylaminobenzaldehyde 1 N-substituted carbodiimides such as dicyclohexylcarbodiimide; Schiff bases such as N-ethylethylidenei
- a tire obtained using a hyperbranched specific conjugated diene rubber obtained by using a halogenated silicon compound having 5 or more silicon-halogen atom bonds in one molecule as a coupling agent has excellent steering stability.
- These polymerization terminal modifiers and coupling agents may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the modifier When the above-described modifier is reacted with the active end of the specific conjugated diene polymer chain, it is preferable to add the modifier to the solution containing the conjugated diene polymer chain having the active end. From the viewpoint of good control, it is more preferable to dissolve a modifier or the like in an inert solvent and add it to the polymerization system.
- the solution concentration is preferably in the range of 1 to 50% by mass.
- the timing for adding the modifier is not particularly limited, but the polymerization reaction in the conjugated diene polymer chain having an active end is not completed, and a solution containing a conjugated diene polymer chain having an active end is simple.
- a solution containing a conjugated diene polymer chain having an active end is preferably 100 ppm or more, more preferably 300 to 50,000 ppm of monomer. It is desirable to add a denaturing agent or the like to this solution in the contained state. By adding a modifier or the like in this way, it is possible to suppress the side reaction between the conjugated diene polymer chain having an active terminal and impurities contained in the polymerization system, and to control the reaction well. Become.
- Conditions for reacting the above-described modifier with the active end of the conjugated diene polymer chain include, for example, a temperature in the range of 0 to 100 ° C., preferably 30 to 90 ° C., and each reaction time. Is, for example, in the range of 1 minute to 120 minutes, preferably 2 minutes to 60 minutes.
- a polymerization terminator such as alcohol or water such as methanol and isopropanol. preferable.
- the polymerization solvent is separated from the polymerization solution by direct drying or steam stripping and the resulting specific conjugated diene rubber is recovered.
- an extension oil may be mixed into the polymerization solution and the specific conjugated diene rubber may be recovered as an oil extension rubber.
- Examples of the extending oil used when the specific conjugated diene rubber is recovered as an oil-extended rubber include paraffinic, aromatic and naphthenic petroleum softeners, plant softeners, and fatty acids.
- a petroleum softener it is preferable that the content of polycyclic aromatics extracted by the IP346 method (the testing method of THEINSTITUTEPETROLEUM in the UK) is less than 3%.
- the amount used is, for example, 5 to 100 parts by weight, preferably 10 to 60 parts by weight, and more preferably 20 to 50 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the specific conjugated diene rubber. .
- the specific conjugated diene rubber contains at least polymer blocks A, B, and C, and a plurality of conjugated diene polymer chains containing the polymer blocks A and B are further bonded based on the polymer block C. Is preferred. At this time, the number of conjugated diene polymer chains bonded is preferably 3 or more for one molecule of the specific conjugated diene rubber.
- a specific conjugated diene rubber in which three or more conjugated diene polymer chains are bonded per molecule is referred to as a specific conjugated diene rubber having three or more branches.
- the content of the specific conjugated diene rubber having three or more branches is preferably 5 to 40% by mass, more preferably 5 to 30% by mass, with respect to the specific conjugated diene rubber. % Is more preferable.
- the content of the specific conjugated diene rubber having three or more branches is within the above range, the coagulation property and the drying property at the time of producing the specific conjugated diene rubber are good, and furthermore, the tire rubber composition of the present invention is It becomes better, and the abrasion resistance of the vulcanizate becomes better.
- the content (mass%) of the 3 or more branch specific conjugated diene rubber with respect to the specific conjugated diene rubber is expressed as a coupling ratio of 3 or more branches of the conjugated diene polymer chain.
- the content of the aromatic vinyl unit in the specific conjugated diene rubber is preferably 38 to 48% by mass, and more preferably 40 to 45% by mass from the viewpoint that the effect of the present invention becomes better.
- the vinyl bond content in the specific conjugated diene rubber is preferably 20 to 35% by mass, more preferably 25 to 30% by mass, from the viewpoint that the effect of the present invention is improved.
- vinyl bond content refers to the ratio (mass%) which the vinyl bond contained in specific conjugated diene type rubber accounts.
- the weight-average molecular weight (Mw) of the specific conjugated diene rubber is preferably 400,000 to 750,000, more preferably 500,000 to 700,000, from the viewpoint that the effect of the present invention becomes better. Is more preferable.
- the weight average molecular weight is a value in terms of polystyrene measured by gel permeation chromatography (GPC).
- the average glass transition temperature of the specific conjugated diene rubber is preferably ⁇ 40 to ⁇ 20 ° C., more preferably ⁇ 35 to ⁇ 25 ° C., from the viewpoint that the effect of the present invention is improved.
- the average glass transition temperature was measured at a rate of temperature increase of 20 ° C./min using a differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) and calculated by the midpoint method.
- the molecular weight distribution represented by the ratio (Mw / Mn) of the weight average molecular weight (Mw) to the number average molecular weight (Mn) of the specific conjugated diene rubber is preferably 1.1 to 3.0, 1.2 Is more preferably 2.5, and particularly preferably 1.2 to 2.2.
- Mw and Mn are both polystyrene-equivalent values measured by GPC.
- the Mooney viscosity (ML 1 + 4 , 100 ° C.) of the specific conjugated diene rubber is preferably 20 to 100, more preferably 30 to 90, and particularly preferably 35 to 80.
- the Mooney viscosity of the oil-extended rubber is preferably in the above range.
- the content of the specific conjugated diene rubber in the diene rubber (A) is 10% by mass or more. If the content of the specific conjugated diene rubber is less than 10% by mass, the processability is inferior, and the wear resistance and wet performance of the vulcanizate are inferior. In view of better effects of the present invention, the content is preferably 30 to 70% by mass, more preferably 40 to 65% by mass.
- the “content of the specific conjugated diene rubber in the diene rubber (A)” refers to the content (% by mass) of the specific conjugated diene rubber relative to the entire diene rubber (A).
- the diene rubber (A) preferably contains a butadiene rubber in that the wear resistance of the vulcanizate becomes better, and more preferably contains a butadiene rubber having a linearity index of 120 to 150. preferable.
- the linearity index is a solution viscosity (centipoise) of a 5% by weight toluene solution of butadiene rubber at 30 ° C., which indicates the degree of entanglement of molecules in a concentrated toluene solution. It is a measure of the degree of branching of the polymer chain.
- Examples of the butadiene rubber having a linearity index within the above range include BR150L (120) and BR230 (120), both manufactured by Ube Industries, Ltd .; CB24 (135), LANXESS; .
- the content of the butadiene rubber is preferably 10 to 40%, more preferably 20 to 30% with respect to the diene rubber (A) in that the effect of the present invention becomes better.
- the silica contained in the tire rubber composition of the present invention is not particularly limited as long as the silica has a cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) adsorption specific surface area of 180 to 250 m 2 / g. Any conventionally known silica blended in the product can be used. Examples of the silica include wet silica, dry silica, fumed silica, diatomaceous earth, and the like. The said silica may be used individually by 1 type, or may use 2 or more types together.
- CTAB cetyltrimethylammonium bromide
- the CTAB adsorption specific surface area is not within the above range, the molecular chain of the diene rubber (A) of the present invention is not easily restrained by the primary aggregates (so-called aggregates) of the silica particles, and a sufficient reinforcing effect is obtained. Therefore, the effect of the present invention cannot be obtained.
- the CTAB adsorption specific surface area is a value measured according to ASTM D3765.
- the content of silica is not particularly limited, but is preferably 90 to 150 parts by weight, and 100 to 150 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the diene rubber (A), in order to improve the effect of the present invention. More preferably, it is a part.
- the rubber composition for tires of this invention contains the silane coupling agent represented by following formula (2) as a silane coupling agent (C). (C p H 2p + 1 ) t (C p H 2p + 1 O) 3-t —Si—C q H 2q —S—C (O) —C r H 2r + 1 Formula (2)
- p represents an integer of 1 to 3, the affinity for silica is high, the processability of the tire rubber composition is good, and the dispersibility of silica in the tire rubber composition is high. From the viewpoint of improvement, p is preferably 2 to 3, and more preferably 2.
- q represents an integer of 1 to 3, 2 in terms of good processability of the tire rubber composition and good dispersibility of silica in the tire rubber composition. Is preferably 3, and more preferably 3.
- r represents an integer of 1 to 15, and by protecting the mercapto group, the tire rubber composition can be kneaded at a high temperature and at the time of kneading the tire rubber composition. In view of good scorch time, 5 to 10 is preferable, 6 to 9 is more preferable, and 7 is more preferable.
- t represents an integer of 0 to 2, and t is preferably 0 or 1 and more preferably 0 in that the effect of the present invention becomes better.
- the content of the silane coupling agent (C) is not particularly limited, but is 4.0 to 15.0 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of silica in that the effect of the present invention becomes better.
- the amount is preferably 6.0 to 13.0 parts by mass, and more preferably 8 to 12 parts by mass.
- a silane coupling agent (C) may be used independently or may use 2 or more types together.
- the silane coupling agent as described above can be produced by a known method, for example, a method described in JP-T-2001-505225. Commercially available products include NXT silane from Momentive.
- the silane coupling agent (C) may be preliminarily treated with silica (B), and the treated silica may be added to and mixed with the diene rubber (A).
- the rubber composition for tires of the present invention preferably contains an aromatic modified terpene resin in terms of good processability and wet performance.
- the softening point of the aromatic modified terpene resin is not particularly limited, but is preferably 60 to 150 ° C, and more preferably 100 to 130 ° C.
- the softening point is a Vicat softening point measured according to JIS K7206: 1999.
- the content of the aromatic-modified terpene resin is not particularly limited, but is preferably 1 to 50 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the diene rubber (A), in that the effect of the present invention becomes better.
- the amount is more preferably 3 to 30 parts by mass, and further preferably 4 to 10 parts by mass.
- the aromatic modified terpene resin is obtained by polymerizing terpene and an aromatic compound other than phenol.
- terpenes include ⁇ -pinene, ⁇ -pinene, dipentene, limonene and the like.
- the aromatic compound include styrene, ⁇ -methylstyrene, vinyl toluene, indene and the like.
- aromatic modified terpene resin has good compatibility with the diene rubber, and can particularly improve wet performance.
- aromatic modified terpene resin may be used individually by 1 type, or may use 2 or more types together.
- the rubber composition for tires of the present invention preferably contains a vulcanization accelerator in that the time required for vulcanization is shortened and productivity is improved.
- a vulcanization accelerator can be used.
- a thiuram vulcanization accelerator is preferable in that the effect of the present invention becomes better.
- a vulcanization accelerator may be used individually by 1 type, or may use 2 or more types together.
- the content of the vulcanization accelerator is not particularly limited, but is preferably 2 to 6 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the diene rubber (A) from the viewpoint that the effect of the present invention is further improved.
- the rubber composition for tires of the present invention preferably contains a metal salt in terms of better workability.
- a metal salt selected from the group consisting of a potassium salt, a sodium salt, a calcium salt, and a zinc salt.
- metal salts include unsaturated fatty acids such as acrylic acid, crotonic acid, isocrotonic acid, undecylenic acid, oleic acid, elaidic acid, celetic acid, erucic acid, brassic acid, sorbic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, and arachidonic acid. Potassium salt, sodium salt, calcium salt, zinc salt, and the like.
- a metal salt may be used individually by 1 type, or may use 2 or more types together.
- Said metal salt is contained in the well-known processing aid used for a rubber composition, and in the rubber composition of this invention, such a processing aid is used by the point which processability becomes more favorable. It is preferable.
- the content of the processing aid is preferably 0.1 to 5.0 parts by mass, more preferably 2.0 to 4.0 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the diene rubber (A).
- the compounding amount of carbon black is preferably 1 to 20 parts by mass, preferably 5 to 15 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the diene rubber (A), in order to improve the effect of the present invention. Is more preferable.
- the rubber composition for tires of the present invention is blended with various additives generally used in tire rubber compositions such as sulfur, anti-aging agent, zinc white, stearic acid, and softener. be able to.
- the rubber composition for a tire can be mixed using a known mixer.
- the rubber component, silica (which may contain carbon black depending on the case), and a silane coupling agent are mixed in 150 to 180. Mixing at 0 ° C. is preferable in order to exert the above-described effects of the present invention.
- the manufacturing method of the rubber composition for tires of the present invention is not particularly limited, and specific examples thereof include, for example, each component described above using a known method and apparatus (for example, a Banbury mixer, a kneader, a roll, etc.). And a kneading method.
- a known method and apparatus for example, a Banbury mixer, a kneader, a roll, etc.
- a kneading method for example, a Banbury mixer, a kneader, a roll, etc.
- a kneading method for example, a known method and apparatus.
- components other than sulfur and the vulcanization accelerator are first mixed at a high temperature (preferably 100 to 155 ° C.) and cooled. It is preferable to mix sulfur or a vulcanization accelerator.
- the tire rubber composition of the present invention can be vulcanized or crosslinked under conventionally known vulcanization or crosslinking conditions.
- the pneumatic tire of the present invention is a pneumatic tire manufactured using the above-described tire rubber composition of the present invention. Especially, it is preferable that it is a pneumatic tire which has arrange
- FIG. 1 shows a schematic partial sectional view of a tire representing an example of an embodiment of the pneumatic tire of the present invention, but the pneumatic tire of the present invention is not limited to the embodiment shown in FIG.
- reference numeral 1 represents a bead portion
- reference numeral 2 represents a sidewall portion
- reference numeral 3 represents a tire tread portion
- a carcass layer 4 in which fiber cords are embedded is mounted between the pair of left and right bead portions 1, and the end of the carcass layer 4 extends from the inside of the tire to the outside around the bead core 5 and the bead filler 6. Wrapped and rolled up.
- a belt layer 7 is disposed over the circumference of the tire on the outside of the carcass layer 4.
- the rim cushion 8 is arrange
- the tire tread portion 3 is formed of the above-described composition of the present invention.
- the pneumatic tire of the present invention can be manufactured, for example, according to a conventionally known method. Moreover, as gas with which a tire is filled, inert gas, such as nitrogen, argon, helium other than the air which adjusted normal or oxygen partial pressure, can be used.
- inert gas such as nitrogen, argon, helium other than the air which adjusted normal or oxygen partial pressure
- solid rubber was recovered by a steam stripping method.
- the obtained solid rubber was dehydrated with a roll and dried in a drier to obtain a solid specific conjugated diene rubber.
- 25 parts by mass of oil-extended oil was added to 100 parts by mass of the obtained specific conjugated diene rubber to obtain a specific conjugated diene rubber (oil-extended product).
- m 80 and k is 120.
- X 1 , X 4 , R 1 to R 3 and R 5 to R 8 are methyl groups.
- X 2 is a group represented by the following formula (7) (here, * represents a bonding position).
- 1,6-bis (trichlorosilyl) hexane 0.08 mmol was then obtained.
- 0.027 mmol of polyorganosiloxane A represented by the above formula (6) was added in the form of a 20% by mass xylene solution, and reacted for 30 minutes.
- an amount of methanol corresponding to twice the mole of n-butyllithium used was added to obtain a solution containing a comparative conjugated diene rubber.
- the specific conjugated diene rubbers and comparative conjugated diene rubbers obtained were measured for weight average molecular weight, molecular weight distribution, coupling ratio of 3 or more branches, aromatic vinyl unit content, vinyl bond content, and Mooney viscosity. It was measured. The measurement results are shown in Table 2. The measurement method is as follows.
- Weight average molecular weight, molecular weight distribution, and coupling ratio of 3 or more branches Weight average molecular weight, molecular weight distribution, and coupling ratio of 3 or more branches (ratio (mass%) of "specific (or comparative) conjugated diene rubber of 3 or more branches" to specific conjugated diene rubber or comparative conjugated diene rubber) Obtained the chart based on the molecular weight of polystyrene conversion by gel permeation chromatography, and calculated
- the specific measurement conditions for gel permeation chromatography are as follows.
- HLC-8020 manufactured by Tosoh Corporation
- Column GMH-HR-H (manufactured by Tosoh Corporation) connected in series-Detector: Differential refractometer RI-8020 (manufactured by Tosoh Corporation) -Elution night: Tetrahydrofuran-Column temperature: 40 ° C
- the coupling ratio of three or more branches is the peak portion area (s2) having a peak top molecular weight of 2.8 times or more of the peak top molecular weight indicated by the smallest peak of molecular weight with respect to the total elution area (s1).
- Mooney viscosity The Mooney viscosity (ML 1 + 4 , 100 ° C.) was measured according to JIS K6300-1: 2013.
- ⁇ Preparation of tire rubber composition The components shown in Table 3 below were blended in the proportions (parts by mass) shown in Table 3 below. Specifically, first, among the components shown in Table 3 below, the components excluding sulfur and the vulcanization accelerator were heated to around 150 ° C. using a 1.7 liter closed Banbury mixer, and then for 5 minutes. After mixing, the mixture was discharged and cooled to room temperature to obtain a master batch. Furthermore, using the Banbury mixer, sulfur and a vulcanization accelerator were mixed into the obtained master batch to obtain a tire rubber composition.
- the results were expressed as an index with the measured value of tan ⁇ (0 ° C.) of the standard example as 100.
- the wet performance is better as the frictional force in the wet environment is higher. Friction in a wet environment largely depends on the hysteresis loss (hysteresis term) due to deformation when the tire tread follows the fine unevenness of the road surface, and the average frequency of the deformation is about 10 3 to 10 6 Hz. It can be considered that, if converted according to the WLF formula, if the tan ⁇ of the vulcanizate measured at 20 Hz and 0 ° C. is increased, the performance will be improved. Therefore, the evaluation was performed as described above.
- Vulcanization accelerator 1 Soxinol DG (manufactured by Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd., 1,3-diphenylguanidine)
- Vulcanization accelerator 2 Noxeller CZ-G (manufactured by Ouchi Shinsei Chemical Co., Ltd., N-cyclohexyl-2-benzothiazolylsulfenamide)
- Vulcanization accelerator 3 Noxeller TOT-N (manufactured by Ouchi Shinsei Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., tetrakis (2-ethylhexyl) thiuram disulfide, applicable to thiuram vulcanization accelerator)
- Example 1 is compared with Example 9, the rubber composition for tire of Example 1 in which the content of silica (B) is within a predetermined range with respect to the diene rubber (A) is more excellent in wear resistance.
- Example 1 Comparing Example 1 and Example 8, the tire rubber composition of Example 1 in which the diene rubber (A) contains butadiene rubber produces a pneumatic tire having better wear resistance performance. It was found that this was a rubber composition for tires having better processability. Comparing Example 1 and Example 4, the tire rubber composition of Example 4 in which the linearity index of the butadiene rubber contained in the diene rubber (A) is within a predetermined range is superior in wear resistance performance. It was found to be a rubber composition for tires capable of producing a tire having the following.
- Example 1 Comparing Example 1 and Example 6, the tire rubber composition of Example 6 containing a predetermined amount of the predetermined aromatic-modified terpene resin with respect to the diene rubber (A) is more excellent in wet performance. It was found that the rubber composition for tires has better processability and can produce a pneumatic tire having the following characteristics. When Example 1 and Example 5 are compared, the tire rubber composition of Example 5 containing a predetermined metal salt is a pneumatic tire having better wear resistance and better wet performance. It was found to be a rubber composition for tires that can be produced and has more excellent processability.
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Abstract
Description
(CnH2n+1O)3Si-CmH2m-S-CO-CkH2k+1
(式中、nは1~3の整数、mは1~5の整数、kは5~9の整数である)」が記載されている。
すなわち、以下の構成により上記課題を達成することができることを見出した。
[2] 特定共役ジエン系ゴムの重量平均分子量が400,000~750,000であり、平均ガラス転移温度が-40~-20℃である、[1]に記載のタイヤ用ゴム組成物。
[3] シリカ(B)の含有量が、ジエン系ゴム(A)100質量部に対して90~150質量部である、[1]または[2]に記載のタイヤ用ゴム組成物。
[4] ジエン系ゴム(A)がブタジエンゴムを含有する、[1]~[3]のいずれかに記載のタイヤ用ゴム組成物。
[5] ブタジエンゴムのリニアリティ指数が120~150である、[4]に記載のタイヤ用ゴム組成物。
[6] さらに軟化点が100~150℃の芳香族変性テルペン樹脂を含有し、芳香族変性テルペン樹脂の含有量が、ジエン系ゴム(A)100質量部に対して1~50質量部である、[1]~[5]のいずれかに記載のタイヤ用ゴム組成物。
[7] さらにチウラム系加硫促進剤を含有する、[1]~[6]のいずれかに記載のタイヤ用ゴム組成物。
[8] さらにカリウム塩、ナトリウム塩、カルシウム塩、および、亜鉛塩からなる群から選択される少なくとも1種の金属塩を含有する、[1]~[7]のいずれかに記載のタイヤ用ゴム組成物。
[9] [1]~[8]のいずれかに記載のタイヤ用ゴム組成物をタイヤトレッドに用いた空気入りタイヤ。
以下に記載する構成要件の説明は、本発明の代表的な実施態様に基づいてなされることがあるが、本発明はそのような実施態様に限定されない。
なお、本明細書において、「~」を用いて表される数値範囲は、「~」の前後に記載される数値を下限値および上限値として含有する範囲を意味する。
本発明のタイヤ用ゴム組成物は、ジエン系ゴム(A)と、シリカ(B)と、シランカップリング剤(C)と、を含有する。
また、本発明のタイヤ用ゴム組成物は、ジエン系ゴム(A)が、イソプレン単位および芳香族ビニル単位を含有する重合体ブロックAと、1,3-ブタジエン単位を含有する重合体ブロックBと、後述する式(3)で表されるポリオルガノシロキサンを含有する重合体ブロックCと、を含有する後述する式(1)で表される特定共役ジエン系ゴムを10質量%以上含有する。
また、本発明のタイヤ用ゴム組成物は、重合体ブロックAにおけるイソプレン単位と芳香族ビニル単位との質量比(イソプレン単位/芳香族ビニル単位)が、80/20~95/5であり、かつ、重合体ブロックAの式量が500~15,000である。
また、本発明のタイヤ用ゴム組成物は、シリカ(B)のCTAB吸着比表面積が180~250m2/gである。
また、本発明のタイヤ用ゴム組成物は、シランカップリング剤(C)が、後述する式(2)表されるシランカップリング剤である。
スチレン-ブタジエンゴムにシランカップリング剤を配合すれば、疎水性のタイヤ用ゴム組成物に親水性のシリカを混合する際のシリカの物理的な凝集(一次凝集体がさらに凝集した二次凝集体)を解き、シリカの分散を向上することはできる。一方、これにより混練時のタイヤ用ゴム組成物の粘度が低下してしまう。上述のとおり、混練時のタイヤ用ゴム組成物の粘度が低下すると、ゴム分子の分子鎖をシリカの一次凝集体が有するストラクチャに取り込ませるための、十分なせん断力が得られず、所望の補強効果を得られないおそれがある。
しかし、単にタイヤ用ゴム組成物の粘度を高くすれば、加工が困難になってしまうという問題もある。
この本発明の特徴点は、さらに以下の3つの特徴点に分けられ、この3つの特徴点を同時に有するため、本発明のタイヤ用ゴム組成物は本発明の効果が得られるものと推測される。
しかし、比較例8においては、上述のとおり、混練時に一定のせん断力が必要となるため、加工性において本発明所望の水準には達していない。この点に関しては、以下に述べるシランカップリング剤(C)が寄与していると考えられる。
本発明のタイヤ用ゴム組成物に含有されるジエン系ゴム(A)は、後述する特定共役ジエン系ゴムを10質量%以上含有すれば特に限定されず、本発明の効果がより良好となる点で、特定共役ジエン系ゴムを20~100質量%含有することが好ましく、30~70質量%含有することがより好ましい。
特定共役ジエン系ゴム以外のジエン系ゴム(A)としては、特に限定されず、例えば、天然ゴム、イソプレンゴム、ブタジエンゴム、スチレン-イソプレンゴム、ブタジエン-イソプレンゴム、スチレン-イソプレン-ブタジエンゴム、ニトリルゴムなどが挙げられ、加硫物の耐摩耗性が良好となる点で天然ゴムまたはブタジエンゴムが好ましく、ブタジエンゴムがより好ましい。ジエン系ゴム(A)は、1種を単独で用いても、2種以上を併用してもよい。
特定共役ジエン系ゴムは、イソプレン単位および芳香族ビニル単位を含有する重合体ブロックAと、1,3-ブタジエン単位を含有する重合体ブロックBと、ポリオルガノシロキサンを含有する重合体ブロックCと、を含有する下記式(1)で表され、重合体ブロックAにおけるイソプレン単位と芳香族ビニル単位との質量比(イソプレン単位/芳香族ビニル単位)が、80/20~95/5であり、式量が500~15,000である。
A-B-C 式(1)
なお、特定共役ジエン系ゴムとしては、後述するとおり重合体ブロックAを複数含有するものおよび/または他の重合体ブロックを含有するものが含まれていてもよいし、分岐鎖構造を有するものが含まれていてもよい。例えば、重合体ブロックA-重合体ブロックB-重合体ブロックA-重合体ブロックC、重合体ブロックA-重合体ブロックB-イソプレンのみからなるブロック-重合体ブロックCなどが挙げられ、これらはすべて特定共役ジエン系ゴムに含まれる。
・工程A:イソプレンおよび芳香族ビニルを含有する単量体混合物を重合することにより、イソプレン単位と芳香族ビニル単位との質量比(イソプレン単位/芳香族ビニル単位)が、80/20~95/5であり、式量が500~15,000である、活性末端を有する重合体ブロックAを形成する工程
・工程B:上記重合体ブロックAと、1,3-ブタジエンおよび芳香族ビニルを含有する単量体混合物とを混合して重合反応を継続し、活性末端を有する重合体ブロックBを、上記重合体ブロックAと一続きにして形成することにより、上記重合体ブロックAおよび上記重合体ブロックBを有する、活性末端を有する共役ジエン系重合体鎖を得る工程
・工程C:上記共役ジエン系重合体鎖の上記活性末端に、後述する式(3)で示されるポリオルガノシロキサンを反応させる工程
以下、各工程について詳述する。
工程Aでは、イソプレン単位と芳香族ビニル単位との質量比(イソプレン単位/芳香族ビニル単位)が、80/20~95/5であり、式量が500~15,000である、活性末端を有する重合体ブロックAを形成する。
上記芳香族ビニルとしては特に制限されないが、例えば、スチレン、α-メチルスチレン、2-メチルスチレン、3-メチルスチレン、4-メチルスチレン、2-エチルスチレン、3-エチルスチレン、4-エチルスチレン、2,4-ジイソプロピルスチレン、2,4-ジメチルスチレン、4-t-ブチルスチレン、5-t-ブチル-2-メチルスチレン、ビニルナフタレン、ジメチルアミノメチルスチレン、およびジメチルアミノエチルスチレンなどが挙げられる。これらの中でも、スチレンが好ましい。これらの芳香族ビニルは、1種を単独で用いても、2種以上を併用してもよい。
上記不活性溶媒としては、溶液重合において通常使用されるものであって、重合反応を阻害しないものであれば、特に限定されない。その具体例としては、例えば、ブタン、ペンタン、ヘキサン、ヘプタン、および2-ブテンなどの鎖状脂肪族炭化水素;シクロペンタン、シクロヘキサン、およびシクロヘキセンなどの脂環式炭化水素;ベンゼン、トルエン、およびキシレンなどの芳香族炭化水素;などが挙げられる。不活性溶媒の使用量は、単量体混合物濃度が、例えば、1~80質量%であり、好ましくは10~50質量%である。
上記重合開始剤としては、イソプレンおよび芳香族ビニルを含有する単量体混合物を重合させて、活性末端を有する重合体鎖を与えられれば、特に限定されない。その具体例としては、例えば、有機アルカリ金属化合物および有機アルカリ土類金属化合物、ならびにランタン系列金属化合物などを主触媒とする重合開始剤が好ましく使用される。有機アルカリ金属化合物としては、例えば、n-ブチルリチウム、sec-ブチルリチウム、t-ブチルリチウム、ヘキシルリチウム、フェニルリチウム、およびスチルベンリチウムなどの有機モノリチウム化合物;ジリチオメタン、1,4-ジリチオブタン、1,4-ジリチオ-2-エチルシクロヘキサン、1,3,5-トリリチオベンゼン、および1,3,5-トリス(リチオメチル)ベンゼンなどの有機多価リチウム化合物;ナトリウムナフタレンなどの有機ナトリウム化合物;カリウムナフタレンなどの有機カリウム化合物;などが挙げられる。また、有機アルカリ土類金属化合物としては、例えば、ジ-n-ブチルマグネシウム、ジ-n-ヘキシルマグネシウム、ジエトキシカルシウム、ジステアリン酸カルシウム、ジ-t-ブトキシストロンチウム、ジエトキシバリウム、ジイソプロポキシバリウム、ジエチルメルカプトバリウム、ジ-t-ブトキシバリウム、ジフェノキシバリウム、ジエチルアミノバリウム、ジステアリン酸バリウム、およびジケチルバリウムなどが挙げられる。ランタン系列金属化合物を主触媒とする重合開始剤としては、例えば、ランタン、セリウム、プラセオジム、ネオジム、サマリウムおよびガドリニウムなどのランタン系列金属と、カルボン酸、およびリン含有有機酸などとからなるランタン系列金属の塩を主触媒とし、これと、アルキルアルミニウム化合物、有機アルミニウムハイドライド化合物、および有機アルミニウムハライド化合物などの助触媒とからなる重合開始剤などが挙げられる。これらの重合開始剤の中でも、有機モノリチウム化合物を用いることが好ましく、n-ブチルリチウムを用いることがより好ましい。なお、有機アルカリ金属化合物は、予め、ジブチルアミン、ジヘキシルアミン、ジベンジルアミン、ピロリジン、ヘキサメチレンイミン、およびヘプタメチレンイミンなどの第2級アミンと反応させて、有機アルカリ金属アミド化合物として使用してもよい。これらの重合開始剤は、1種を単独で用いても、2種以上を併用してもよい。
重合開始剤の使用量は、目的とする分子量に応じて決定すればよいが、単量体混合物100g当り、好ましくは4~250mmol、より好ましくは6~200mmol、特に好ましくは10~70mmolの範囲である。
重合様式としては、回分式、連続式など、いずれの様式をも採用できる。また、結合様式としては、例えば、ブロック状、テーパー状、およびランダム状などの種々の結合様式とすることができる。
なお、本明細書において、イソプレン単位中の1,4-結合含有量とは、重合体ブロックAが有する全イソプレン単位に対する、1,4-結合のイソプレン単位の割合(質量%)を指す。なお、本明細書中において、イソプレン単位中のビニル結合含有量という場合には、全イソプレン単位に対する、1,2-結合または3,4-結合を有するイソプレン単位の合計量を指すものとする。
重合体ブロックAの式量が500未満であると、タイヤ用ゴム組成物中の特定共役ジエン系ゴムの末端鎖濃度が上がるため、60℃付近でのtanδが上がり、加硫物の転がり抵抗(タイヤにしたときの単位移動距離あたりのエネルギー損失)が大きくなってしまう。
一方、重合体ブロックAの式量が15,000を超えると、シリカの分散性を損ねるため、加硫物の耐摩耗性能およびウェット性能が劣る。
なお、重合体ブロックAにおける、イソプレン単位および芳香族ビニル単位以外の構成単位の含有量は、重合体ブロックA中、15質量%以下であることが好ましく、10質量%以下であることがより好ましく、6質量%以下であることがさらに好ましい。
工程Bでは、上述した工程Aで形成された重合体ブロックAと、1,3-ブタジエンを含有する単量体とを混合して重合反応を継続し、活性末端を有する重合体ブロックBを、上記重合体ブロックAと一続きにして形成することにより、上記重合体ブロックAおよび上記重合体ブロックBを有する、活性末端を有する共役ジエン系重合体鎖を得る。
なお、本発明の効果がより良好となる点で、1,3-ブタジエンを含有する単量体に加えて芳香族ビニルを含有する単量体を混合して重合反応を継続することが好ましい。
上記不活性溶媒の定義、具体例および好適な態様は上述のとおりである。
重合体ブロックAと1,3-ブタジエンを含有する単量体、または、1,3-ブタジエンを含有する単量体および芳香族ビニルを含有する単量体の混合物との混合方法は、特に限定されず、1,3-ブタジエンを含有する単量体、または、1,3-ブタジエンを含有する単量体および芳香族ビニルを含有する単量体の混合物の溶液中に活性末端を有する重合体ブロックAを加えてもよいし、活性末端を有する重合体ブロックAの溶液中に1,3-ブタジエンを含有する単量体、または、1,3-ブタジエンを含有する単量体および芳香族ビニルを含有する単量体の混合物を加えてもよい。重合の制御の観点から、前者が好ましい。
重合体ブロックBのその他の単量体に基づく構成単位の含有量は、重合体ブロックB中、50質量%以下であることが好ましく、40質量%以下であることがより好ましく、35質量%以下であることがさらに好ましい。
重合体ブロックBにおける1,3-ブタジエン単位中のビニル結合含有量は、好ましくは10~90質量%、より好ましくは20~80質量%、特に好ましくは25~70質量%である。
上記活性末端を有する共役ジエン系重合体鎖は、生産性の観点より、重合体ブロックA-重合体ブロックBで構成され、重合体ブロックBの末端が活性末端であることが好ましいが、重合体ブロックAを複数有していてもよいし、その他の重合体ブロックを有していてもよい。例えば、重合体ブロックA-重合体ブロックB-重合体ブロックA、および重合体ブロックA-重合体ブロックB-イソプレンのみからなるブロックなどの、活性末端を有する共役ジエン系重合体鎖が挙げられる。共役ジエン系重合体鎖の活性末端側にイソプレンのみからなるブロックを形成させる場合、イソプレンの使用量は、初めの重合反応に使用した重合開始剤1molに対して、10~100molであることが好ましく、15~70molであることがより好ましく、20~35molであることがさらに好ましい。
工程Cは、工程Bで得られた共役ジエン系重合体鎖の活性末端に、下記式(3)で示されるポリオルガノシロキサンを反応させ、重合体ブロックCを形成する工程である。
*-Z1-Z2-E 式(4)
*-P-(O-CH2CHR)t-Q 式(5)
変性剤などを添加する時期は、特に限定されないが、活性末端を有する共役ジエン系重合体鎖における重合反応が完結しておらず、活性末端を有する共役ジエン系重合体鎖を含有する溶液が単量体をも含有している状態、より具体的には、活性末端を有する共役ジエン系重合体鎖を含有する溶液が、好ましくは100ppm以上、より好ましくは300~50,000ppmの単量体を含有している状態で、この溶液に変性剤などを添加することが望ましい。変性剤などの添加をこのように行なうことにより、活性末端を有する共役ジエン系重合体鎖と重合系中に含まれる不純物との副反応を抑制して、反応を良好に制御することが可能となる。
共役ジエン系重合体鎖の活性末端に、変性剤などを反応させた後は、メタノールおよびイソプロパノールなどのアルコールまたは水などの、重合停止剤を添加して未反応の活性末端を失活させることが好ましい。
なお、「ジエン系ゴム(A)における特定共役ジエン系ゴムの含有量」とは、ジエン系ゴム(A)全体に対する特定共役ジエン系ゴムの含有量(質量%)を指す。
ジエン系ゴム(A)は加硫物の耐摩耗性能がより良好となる点で、ブタジエンゴムを含有することが好ましく、なかでも、リニアリティ指数が120~150であるブタジエンゴムを含有することがより好ましい。
なお、リニアリティ指数とは、ブタジエンゴムの5重量%トルエン溶液の30℃での溶液粘度(センチポイズ)であり、トルエン濃厚溶液中での分子の絡み合いの程度を示すもので、分子量が同一であればポリマー鎖の分岐の度合いの尺度となる。即ち、同一ムーニー粘度のブタジエンゴムの場合、トルエン溶液粘度が小さくなることは分岐度が大きくなることを示し、反対にトルエン溶液粘度が大きくなることは分岐度が小さくなることを示し、リニアリティー(線状)に富んでいることを示す。
リニアリティ指数が上記範囲内であれば、加硫物の耐摩耗性および加工性がより良好となる。
本発明のタイヤ用ゴム組成物に含有されるシリカはセチルトリメチルアンモニウムブロマイド(CTAB)吸着比表面積が180~250m2/gのシリカであれば特に制限されず、タイヤ等の用途でタイヤ用ゴム組成物に配合されている従来公知の任意のシリカを用いることができる。
上記シリカとしては、例えば、湿式シリカ、乾式シリカ、ヒュームドシリカ、珪藻土などが挙げられる。上記シリカは、1種を単独で用いても、2種以上を併用してもよい。
なお、CTAB吸着比表面積が上記範囲内にないと、本発明のジエン系ゴム(A)の分子鎖がシリカ粒子の一次凝集体(いわゆるアグリゲート)により拘束されにくく、補強効果が十分に得られないため、本発明の効果が得られない。
なお、CTAB吸着比表面積は、ASTM D3765に準じて測定される値である。
本発明のタイヤ用ゴム組成物は、シランカップリング剤(C)として、下記式(2)で表されるシランカップリング剤を含有する。
(CpH2p+1)t(CpH2p+1O)3-t-Si-CqH2q-S-C(O)-CrH2r+1 式(2)
なお、シランカップリング剤(C)は、単独で用いても、2種以上を併用してもよい。
<芳香族変性テルペン樹脂>
本発明のタイヤ用ゴム組成物は、加工性およびウェット性能が良好となる点で、芳香族変性テルペン樹脂を含有することが好ましい。芳香族変性テルペン樹脂の軟化点は特に制限されないが、60~150℃であることが好ましく、100~130℃であることがより好ましい。ここで、軟化点は、JIS K7206:1999に準拠して測定されたビカット軟化点である。
本発明のタイヤ用ゴム組成物は、加硫にかかる時間が短縮され、生産性が向上する点で、加硫促進剤を含有することが好ましい。加硫促進剤としては、従来から公知のものがいずれも使用可能であり、例えば、チウラム系加硫促進剤、スルフェンアミド系加硫促進剤、グアニジン系加硫促進剤、チアゾール系加硫促進剤などが挙げられる。なかでも、本発明の効果がより良好となる点で、チウラム系加硫促進剤が好ましい。なお、加硫促進剤は、1種を単独で用いても、2種以上を併用してもよい。
本発明のタイヤ用ゴム組成物は、加工性がより良好となる点で、金属塩を含有することが好ましい。なかでも、カリウム塩、ナトリウム塩、カルシウム塩、および、亜鉛塩からなる群から選択される少なくとも1種の金属塩を含有することがより好ましい。
金属塩としては、例えば、アクリル酸、クロトン酸、イソクロトン酸、ウンデシレン酸、オレイン酸、エライジン酸、セトレイン酸、エルカ酸、ブラシジン酸、ソルビン酸、リノール酸、リノレイン酸、アラキドン酸などの不飽和脂肪酸のカリウム塩、ナトリウム塩、カルシウム塩、および、亜鉛塩などが挙げられる。なお、本発明の効果がより良好となる点で、カリウム塩であることが好ましい。なお金属塩は1種を単独で用いても、2種以上を併用してもよい。
本発明のタイヤ用ゴム組成物には、シリカとともに、カーボンブラックを配合してもよい。カーボンブラックの配合量は、本発明の効果がより良好となる点で、ジエン系ゴム(A)100質量部に対して1~20質量部であることが好ましく、5~15質量部であることがより好ましい。
本発明のタイヤ用ゴム組成物には、上記した成分の他に、硫黄、老化防止剤、亜鉛華、ステアリン酸、軟化剤など、タイヤ用ゴム組成物において一般に使用される各種添加剤を配合することができる。なお、タイヤ用ゴム組成物の混合は、公知の混合機を用いて行うことができ、その際、上記ゴム成分とシリカ(場合によりカーボンブラックを含んでもよい)とシランカップリング剤を150~180℃で混合することが、本発明の上記効果を発揮させる上で好ましい。
本発明のタイヤ用ゴム組成物の製造方法は特に限定されず、その具体例としては、例えば、上述した各成分を、公知の方法、装置(例えば、バンバリーミキサー、ニーダー、ロールなど)を用いて、混練する方法などが挙げられる。本発明のタイヤ用ゴム組成物が硫黄または加硫促進剤を含有する場合は、硫黄および加硫促進剤以外の成分を先に高温(好ましくは100~155℃)で混合し、冷却してから、硫黄または加硫促進剤を混合するのが好ましい。
また、本発明のタイヤ用ゴム組成物は、従来公知の加硫または架橋条件で加硫または架橋することができる。
本発明の空気入りタイヤは、上述した本発明のタイヤ用ゴム組成物を用いて製造した空気入りタイヤである。なかでも、本発明のタイヤ用ゴム組成物をタイヤトレッドに配置した空気入りタイヤであることが好ましい。
図1に、本発明の空気入りタイヤの実施態様の一例を表すタイヤの部分断面概略図を示すが、本発明の空気入りタイヤは図1に示す態様に限定されるものではない。
また、左右一対のビード部1間においては、繊維コードが埋設されたカーカス層4が装架されており、このカーカス層4の端部はビードコア5およびビードフィラー6の廻りにタイヤ内側から外側に折り返されて巻き上げられている。
また、タイヤトレッド部3においては、カーカス層4の外側に、ベルト層7がタイヤ1周に亘って配置されている。
また、ビード部1においては、リムに接する部分にリムクッション8が配置されている。
なお、タイヤトレッド部3は上述した本発明の組成物により形成されている。
窒素置換された100mLアンプル瓶に、シクロヘキサン(35g)、およびテトラメチルエチレンジアミン(1.4mmol)を添加し、さらに、n-ブチルリチウム(4.3mmol)を添加した。次いで、イソプレン(21.6g)、およびスチレン(3.1g)をゆっくりと添加し、50℃のアンプル瓶内で120分反応させることにより、活性末端を有する重合体ブロックAを得た。この重合体ブロックAについて、重量平均分子量、分子量分布、芳香族ビニル単位含有量、イソプレン単位含有量、および1,4-結合含有量を測定した。これらの測定結果を表1に示す。
次に、撹拌機付きオートクレーブに、窒素雰囲気下、シクロヘキサン(4000g)、1,3-ブタジエン(474.0g)、およびスチレン(126.0g)を仕込んだ後、上記にて得られた活性末端を有する重合体ブロックAを全量加え、50℃で重合を開始した。重合転化率が95%から100%の範囲になったことを確認してから、次いで、下記式(6)で表されるポリオルガノシロキサンAを、エポキシ基の含有量が1.42mmol(使用したn-ブチルリチウムの0.33倍モルに相当)となるように、20質量%のキシレン溶液の状態で添加し、30分間反応させた。その後、重合停止剤として、使用したn-ブチルリチウムの2倍モルに相当する量のメタノールを添加して、特定共役ジエン系ゴムを含有する溶液を得た。この溶液に、老化防止剤(イルガノックス1520、BASF社製)を少量添加し、伸展油としてフッコールエラミック30(新日本石油社製)を特定共役ジエン系ゴム100質量部に対して25質量部添加した後、スチームストリッピング法により固形状のゴムを回収した。得られた固形状のゴムをロールにより脱水し、乾燥機中で乾燥を行い、固形状の特定共役ジエン系ゴムを得た。さらに、得られた特定共役ジエン系ゴム100質量部に対して油展オイルを25質量部添加し、特定共役ジエン系ゴム(油展品)を得た。
窒素置換された100mlアンプル瓶に、シクロヘキサン28gおよびテトラメチルエチレンジアミン8.6mmolを添加し、さらに、n-ブチルリチウム6.1mmolを添加した。次いで、イソプレン8.0gをゆっくりと添加し、60℃のアンプル瓶内で120分反応させることにより、イソプレンブロック(開始剤1とする)を得た。この開始剤1について、重量平均分子量、分子量分布、およびイソプレン単位の含有量を測定した。測定結果は表1に示した。
重量平均分子量、分子量分布および3分岐以上のカップリング率(特定共役ジエン系ゴムまたは比較共役ジエン系ゴムに対する「3分岐以上の特定(または比較)共役ジエン系ゴム」の割合(質量%))については、ゲルパーミエーションクロマトグラフィにより、ポリスチレン換算の分子量に基づくチャートを得て、そのチャートに基づいて求めた。なお、ゲルパーミエーションクロマトグラフィの具体的な測定条件は、以下のとおりである。
・カラム:GMH-HR-H(東ソー社製)2本を直列に連結した
・検出器:示差屈折計RI-8020(東ソー社製)
・溶離夜:テトラヒドロフラン
・カラム温度:40℃
芳香族ビニル単位含有量およびビニル結合含有量については、1H-NMRにより測定した。
ムーニー粘度(ML1+4、100℃))については、JIS K6300-1:2013に準じて測定した。
下記表3に示す成分を、下記表3に示す割合(質量部)で配合した。
具体的には、まず、下記表3に示す成分のうち硫黄および加硫促進剤を除く成分を、1.7リットルの密閉式バンバリーミキサーを用いて150℃付近に温度を上げてから、5分間混合した後に放出し、室温まで冷却してマスターバッチを得た。さらに、上記バンバリーミキサーを用いて、得られたマスターバッチに硫黄および加硫促進剤を混合し、タイヤ用ゴム組成物を得た。
なお、表3中、スチレン-ブタジエンゴム、特定共役ジエン系ゴムおよび比較共役ジエン系ゴムの量について、上段の値はゴム(油展品)の量(単位:質量部)であり、下段の値は、ゴムの正味の量(単位:質量部)である。
得られたタイヤ用ゴム組成物を試験試料として、以下の評価を行った。
JIS K6300-1:2013の方法に則り、100℃におけるムーニー粘度(ML1+4)を測定した。結果を表3に示す(表3中の「加工性」の欄)。結果は標準例の測定値を試験試料の測定値で除して100を掛けた指数で表した。指数が大きいほど加工性が良好である。
試験試料(未加硫)を金型(15cm×15cm×0.2cm)中で、160℃で20分間プレス加硫して加硫ゴムシートを作製しシート試験片を得た。
作製したシート試験片について、JIS K6394:2007に準じて、粘弾性スペクトロメーター(東洋精機製作所社製)を用いて、伸張変形歪率10%±2%、振動数20Hz、温度0℃の条件で、tanδ(0℃)を測定した。
結果を表3に示す(表3中の「ウェット性能」の欄)。結果は標準例のtanδ(0℃)測定値を100とする指数で表した。指数が大きいほどtanδ(0℃)が大きく、タイヤにしたときにウェット性能が良好である。
なお、ウェット性能は、ウェット環境下における摩擦力が高いほど良好である。ウェット環境下における摩擦は、タイヤトレッドが路面の細かな凹凸に追従する際の変形によるヒステリシスロス(ヒステリシス項)に拠るところが大きく、その変形の平均周波数は、103~106Hz程度であると考えられ、WLF式により換算すれば、20Hz、0℃で測定した加硫物のtanδを大きくすれば性能向上につながるため、上記のとおり評価を行ったものである。
上記シート試験片について、ランボーン摩耗試験機(岩本製作所社製)を用いて、JIS K6264-2:2005に準拠し、付加力4.0kg/cm3(=39N)、スリップ率30%、摩耗試験時間4分、試験温度を室温の条件で摩耗試験を行い、摩耗質量を測定した。
結果を表3に示す(第3表中の「耐摩耗性能」の欄)。結果は標準例の測定値をシート試験片の測定値で除して100を掛けた指数で表した。指数が大きいほど、耐摩耗性能が良好である。
・スチレンブタジエンゴム:タフデンE581(旭化成ケミカル社製、ビニル結合含有量43質量%、芳香族ビニルを含有する単量体に基づく構成単位の含有量:37質量%、イソプレンを含有する単量体に基づく構成単位の含有量:0質量%、ムーニー粘度:69、ゴム100質量部に対して油展オイル37.5質量部を含有する、ジエン系ゴム(A)に該当)
・比較共役ジエン系ゴム:上述のとおり製造された比較共役ジエン系ゴム(ゴム100質量部に対して油展オイル25質量部を含有する、Tg:-33℃、ジエン系ゴム(A)に該当)
・特定共役ジエン系ゴム:上述のとおり製造された特定共役ジエン系ゴム(ゴム100質量部に対して油展オイル25質量部を含有する、Tg:-30℃、特定共役ジエン系ゴムに該当)
・ブタジエンゴム1:NIPOL BR 1220(日本ゼオン社製、Tg:-105℃、リニアリティ指数:50、ジエン系ゴム(A)に該当。)
・ブタジエンゴム2:CB24(ランクセス社製、ネオジム触媒の存在下で合成されたブタジエンゴム、リニアリティ指数:135、ジエン系ゴム(A)に該当。)
・カーボンブラック:ショウブラックN339(キャボットジャパン社製)
・シリカ1:Zeosil 1165MP(ローディア社製、CTAB吸着比表面積:159m2/g)
・シリカ2:Premium 200MP(ローディア社製、CTAB吸着比表面積:200m2/g)
・比較シランカップリング剤1:Si69(エボニク・デグッサ社製、ビス(トリエトキシシリルプロピル)テトラスルフィド)
・比較シランカップリング剤2:Si363(エボニク・デグッサ社製、下記式(8)により表される。)
・シランカップリング剤:NXTシラン(モメンティブ社製、下記式(9)により表される。)
・芳香族変性テルペン樹脂:YSレジン TO-125(ヤスハラケミカル社製、軟化点:125±5℃)
・金属塩:HT207(シール・アンド・ザイラッカー社製、脂肪酸カリウム塩と脂肪酸エステルの混合物を含む加工助剤)
・酸化亜鉛:酸化亜鉛3種(正同化学工業社製)
・ステアリン酸:ビーズステアリン酸(日油社製)
・アロマオイル:エキストラクト4号S(昭和シェル石油社製)
・硫黄:金華印油入微粉硫黄(硫黄の含有量95.24質量%、鶴見化学工業社製)
・加硫促進剤1:ソクシノールD-G(住友化学工業社製、1,3-ジフェニルグアニジン)
・加硫促進剤2:ノクセラーCZ-G(大内新興化学工業社製、N-シクロヘキシル-2-ベンゾチアゾリルスルフェンアミド)
・加硫促進剤3:ノクセラーTOT-N(大内新興化学工業社製、テトラキス(2-エチルヘキシル)チウラムジスルフィド、チウラム系加硫促進剤に該当)
実施例1と実施例9とを比較すると、ジエン系ゴム(A)に対する、シリカ(B)の含有量が所定の範囲内にある実施例1のタイヤ用ゴム組成物は、より優れた耐摩耗性能、および、より優れたウェット性能を有する空気入りタイヤを作製することができる、タイヤ用ゴム組成物であることがわかった。
実施例1と実施例8とを比較すると、ジエン系ゴム(A)がブタジエンゴムを含有する実施例1のタイヤ用ゴム組成物は、より優れた耐摩耗性能を有する空気入りタイヤを作製することができる、より優れた加工性を有するタイヤ用ゴム組成物であることがわかった。
実施例1と実施例4とを比較すると、ジエン系ゴム(A)が含有するブタジエンゴムのリニアリティ指数が所定の範囲内である実施例4のタイヤ用ゴム組成物は、より優れた耐摩耗性能を有するタイヤを作製することができる、タイヤ用ゴム組成物であることがわかった。
実施例1と実施例6とを比較すると、所定の芳香族変性テルペン樹脂を、ジエン系ゴム(A)に対して所定量含有する実施例6のタイヤ用ゴム組成物は、より優れたウェット性能を有する空気入りタイヤを作製することができる、より優れた加工性を有するタイヤ用ゴム組成物であることがわかった。
実施例1と実施例5とを比較すると、所定の金属塩を含有する実施例5のタイヤ用ゴム組成物は、より優れた耐摩耗性能、および、より優れたウェット性能を有する空気入りタイヤを作製することができる、より優れた加工性を有するタイヤ用ゴム組成物であることがわかった。
2 サイドウォール部
3 タイヤトレッド部
4 カーカス層
5 ビードコア
6 ビードフィラー
7 ベルト層
8 リムクッション
Claims (9)
- ジエン系ゴム(A)と、シリカ(B)と、シランカップリング剤(C)と、を含有し、
前記ジエン系ゴム(A)が、イソプレンを含有する単量体に基づく構成単位および芳香族ビニルを含有する単量体に基づく構成単位を含有する重合体ブロックAと、1,3-ブタジエンを含有する単量体に基づく構成単位を含有する重合体ブロックBと、ポリオルガノシロキサンを含有する重合体ブロックCと、を含有する下記式(1)で表される特定共役ジエン系ゴムを10質量%以上含有し、
前記重合体ブロックAにおける前記イソプレンを含有する単量体に基づく構成単位と前記芳香族ビニルを含有する単量体に基づく構成単位との質量比(前記イソプレンを含有する単量体に基づく構成単位/前記芳香族ビニルを含有する単量体に基づく構成単位)が、80/20~95/5であり、かつ、前記重合体ブロックAの式量が500~15,000であり、
前記シリカ(B)のCTAB吸着比表面積が180~250m2/gであり、
前記シランカップリング剤(C)が、下記式(2)表されるシランカップリング剤であり、
前記ポリオルガノシロキサンが、下記式(3)で表されるポリオルガノシロキサンである、タイヤ用ゴム組成物。
A-B-C 式(1)
(式(1)中、Aは重合体ブロックA、Bは重合体ブロックB、Cは重合体ブロックCを表す。)
(CpH2p+1)t(CpH2p+1O)3-t-Si-CqH2q-S-C(O)-CrH2r+1 式(2)
(式(2)中、pは1~3の整数、qは1~3の整数、rは1~15の整数、tは0~2の整数を表す。)
- 前記特定共役ジエン系ゴムの重量平均分子量が40,0000~750,000であり、平均ガラス転移温度が-40~-20℃である、請求項1に記載のタイヤ用ゴム組成物。
- 前記シリカ(B)の含有量が、前記ジエン系ゴム(A)100質量部に対して90~150質量部である、請求項1または2に記載のタイヤ用ゴム組成物。
- 前記ジエン系ゴム(A)がブタジエンゴムを含有する、請求項1~3のいずれかに記載のタイヤ用ゴム組成物。
- 前記ブタジエンゴムのリニアリティ指数が120~150である、請求項4に記載のタイヤ用ゴム組成物。
- さらに軟化点が100~150℃の芳香族変性テルペン樹脂を含有し、
前記芳香族変性テルペン樹脂の含有量が、前記ジエン系ゴム(A)100質量部に対して1~50質量部である、請求項1~5のいずれかに記載のタイヤ用ゴム組成物。 - さらにチウラム系加硫促進剤を含有する、請求項1~6のいずれかに記載のタイヤ用ゴム組成物。
- さらにカリウム塩、ナトリウム塩、カルシウム塩、および、亜鉛塩からなる群から選択される少なくとも1種の金属塩を含有する、請求項1~7のいずれかに記載のタイヤ用ゴム組成物。
- 請求項1~8のいずれかに記載のタイヤ用ゴム組成物をタイヤトレッドに用いた空気入りタイヤ。
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JP7052394B2 (ja) * | 2018-02-09 | 2022-04-12 | 横浜ゴム株式会社 | タイヤ用ゴム組成物の製造方法 |
WO2019221184A1 (ja) * | 2018-05-16 | 2019-11-21 | 横浜ゴム株式会社 | タイヤトレッド用ゴム組成物及び空気入りタイヤ |
JP7151167B2 (ja) | 2018-05-23 | 2022-10-12 | 住友ゴム工業株式会社 | トレッド用ゴム組成物及び空気入りタイヤ |
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KR102217505B1 (ko) | 2021-02-19 |
JP6481634B2 (ja) | 2019-03-13 |
JP2017141405A (ja) | 2017-08-17 |
CN108602993B (zh) | 2021-07-02 |
DE112017000789T5 (de) | 2018-10-18 |
US11787923B2 (en) | 2023-10-17 |
CN108602993A (zh) | 2018-09-28 |
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