WO2009011162A1 - 軌道系電動車両のバッテリ搭載構造 - Google Patents
軌道系電動車両のバッテリ搭載構造 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2009011162A1 WO2009011162A1 PCT/JP2008/058004 JP2008058004W WO2009011162A1 WO 2009011162 A1 WO2009011162 A1 WO 2009011162A1 JP 2008058004 W JP2008058004 W JP 2008058004W WO 2009011162 A1 WO2009011162 A1 WO 2009011162A1
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- battery
- air
- track
- vehicle
- chamber
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61C—LOCOMOTIVES; MOTOR RAILCARS
- B61C3/00—Electric locomotives or railcars
- B61C3/02—Electric locomotives or railcars with electric accumulators
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
- B60K1/04—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units of the electric storage means for propulsion
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L1/00—Supplying electric power to auxiliary equipment of vehicles
- B60L1/003—Supplying electric power to auxiliary equipment of vehicles to auxiliary motors, e.g. for pumps, compressors
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L1/00—Supplying electric power to auxiliary equipment of vehicles
- B60L1/02—Supplying electric power to auxiliary equipment of vehicles to electric heating circuits
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
- B60L3/0023—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train
- B60L3/0046—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train relating to electric energy storage systems, e.g. batteries or capacitors
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
- B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
- B60L50/60—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries
- B60L50/64—Constructional details of batteries specially adapted for electric vehicles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
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- B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
- B60L58/24—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries
- B60L58/26—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries by cooling
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B61C—LOCOMOTIVES; MOTOR RAILCARS
- B61C17/00—Arrangement or disposition of parts; Details or accessories not otherwise provided for; Use of control gear and control systems
- B61C17/06—Power storing devices
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- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/651—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by parameters specified by a numeric value or mathematical formula, e.g. ratios, sizes or concentrations
- H01M10/652—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by parameters specified by a numeric value or mathematical formula, e.g. ratios, sizes or concentrations characterised by gradients
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- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
- H01M10/6561—Gases
- H01M10/6563—Gases with forced flow, e.g. by blowers
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- H01M10/66—Heat-exchange relationships between the cells and other systems, e.g. central heating systems or fuel cells
- H01M10/663—Heat-exchange relationships between the cells and other systems, e.g. central heating systems or fuel cells the system being an air-conditioner or an engine
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- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
- H01M50/244—Secondary casings; Racks; Suspension devices; Carrying devices; Holders characterised by their mounting method
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- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
- H01M50/249—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders specially adapted for aircraft or vehicles, e.g. cars or trains
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- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
- H01M50/289—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by spacing elements or positioning means within frames, racks or packs
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- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
- B60K2001/003—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units with means for cooling the electrical propulsion units
- B60K2001/005—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units with means for cooling the electrical propulsion units the electric storage means
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
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- B60K2001/0405—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units of the electric storage means for propulsion characterised by their position
- B60K2001/0438—Arrangement under the floor
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- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
- B60K1/04—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units of the electric storage means for propulsion
- B60K2001/0455—Removal or replacement of the energy storages
- B60K2001/0472—Removal or replacement of the energy storages from below
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- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
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- B60Y2200/912—Electric vehicles with power supply external to vehicle, e.g. trolley buses or trams
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- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
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- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
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- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T30/00—Transportation of goods or passengers via railways, e.g. energy recovery or reducing air resistance
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a track-type electric vehicle that travels on a dedicated track, for example, an electric vehicle of a track-type transportation system, or a combination that allows other vehicles (automobiles) to travel not only on a dedicated track but also on a tramway.
- TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a battery mounting structure for supplying electric power to a motor in a track electric vehicle traveling on a track. Background art
- Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2 0 4 _ 6 6 8 8 9
- Patent 3 1 4 9 4 9 3 A gazette Patent Document 2
- Patent Document 1 in the electric motor drive bus 01 that travels by the driving force of the electric motor, the battery unit 0 2 is placed on the roof 0 3 of the bus 0 1 and the front wheel shaft. 0 Installed at a position corresponding to the upper part of 4 and traveling with a load balance between the rear wheel shaft 0 5 and the front wheel shaft 0 4 when a drive source such as an electric motor is mounted behind the rear wheel shaft 0 5 A technology that improves the cooling performance by running wind by ensuring stability and installing on the roof 03 is shown.
- Patent Document 2 As shown in FIG. It is housed in an extension duct 0 1 1 that extends downward in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle body, the front side of the extension duct 0 1 1 is connected to the air conditioning unit 0 1 2, and the rear side is the rear side of the rear seat Connected to the inlets 0 1 3 formed in the site.
- a technique is shown in which indoor air is sucked from an inlet port 0 1 3 and the air heated by cooling the battery 0 10 with the air enters the air conditioning unit 0 1 2 and is warmed by the air conditioning unit.
- the battery placement technology disclosed in Patent Document 2 uses a cabin air conditioner to cool the battery 0 10, and the air that flows through the battery 0 10 is opened to the rear of the room 0 Incorporated from 1 to 3. For this reason, the battery compartment in which the battery 0 1 0 is installed cannot be sealed with the passenger compartment, so that the battery 0 10 may be affected by flammable gas generated from the electrolyte or electrolyte. There is.
- track-type electric vehicles such as the above-mentioned new transportation system are generally larger than passenger cars, trucks, and buses, so the power supplied to drive the motor requires a large current, and the battery capacity The battery's total weight and total volume are heavier than passenger cars, ⁇ racks, and paths, requiring a large space. This makes it difficult to secure an appropriate installation location. Disclosure of the invention
- the present invention has been made in view of such a background, and in a track electric vehicle, the weight balance of the entire vehicle is good, the battery has good cooling performance, and It is an object of the present invention to provide a battery mounting structure that improves the safety by keeping the battery chamber and the cabin sealed.
- the present invention achieves the above-mentioned object, and in a battery mounting structure of a track-type electric vehicle that travels on a track by driving power from a battery, a battery module (hereinafter referred to as a battery) formed by connecting a plurality of battery cells.
- a battery module hereinafter referred to as a battery
- the battery chamber is partitioned from the vehicle interior side by a partition plate having a hermetically sealed structure, and the battery is placed on the floor surface or wall surface of the vehicle body.
- An intake port and an exhaust port for introducing and discharging outside air from the vehicle are provided in the room, and the battery room is configured to be cooled by outside air.
- the battery chamber is formed on the floor of the vehicle interior of the track-type electric vehicle and the battery is arranged. Therefore, it is not necessary to reinforce the vehicle body and increase the mechanical strength. In other words, the floor structure originally has sufficient mechanical strength to carry passengers. Therefore, the conventional floor structure of a track-type electric vehicle powered from the outside of the vehicle can be used as it is.
- the battery compartment is partitioned from the vehicle interior side by a partition plate having a hermetic structure, and the battery compartment communicates with the outside of the vehicle through the intake and exhaust ports, so that the battery can be cooled by the outside air.
- the safety of the electrolyte is ensured without being affected by the flammable gas from the electrolyte inside the passenger compartment.
- the battery chamber is provided so as to protrude into the passenger compartment on both sides of the vehicle in the center in the front-rear direction of the vehicle.
- the battery chamber is located below the passenger seat.
- the battery chamber is located below the passenger seat, so that the battery chamber can be effectively used.
- the battery chamber monitors battery temperature, current, and voltage to detect battery abnormality and control battery power supply from the battery.
- a control device should be installed.
- the battery chamber can be used effectively, and the battery control device can be united and handled together with the battery, so that it is easy to respond to changes in the control specifications of the battery control device and repairs. Workability is improved. Furthermore, it is preferable that both the intake port and the exhaust port are formed on the side wall surface of the vehicle body. According to such a configuration, it affects the devices and cables installed below the floor surface. Therefore, it is possible to improve the cooling efficiency by the outside air of the battery chamber by improving the degree of freedom of the installation positions of the P and air outlets and the exhaust ports.
- both the air inlet and the air outlet may be formed on the floor surface of the vehicle body.
- the air outlet is installed on the side wall surface, when the vehicle stops at the station, The problem of circulating air flow directly inside the battery chamber is eliminated.
- the cool air from the air conditioner for the guest room is circulated to the battery chamber, and the air in the battery chamber is cooled in the battery chamber via a heat exchange pipe. It is characterized by.
- the air in the battery room is cooled using the cool air from the air conditioner for the guest room, and the battery can be cooled by the air. Therefore, the battery can be controlled to operate in an optimum temperature environment. become. As a result, the load on the battery can be reduced and the service life of the battery can be extended.
- the present invention is characterized in that the air in the battery chamber is cooled by generating cold air with the pressure air from the air source of the vehicle and supplying it directly into the battery chamber.
- the cold air is generated by using, for example, the pressure air for the brake, using the pressure air as an air source for operating the vehicle equipment. That is, when pressurized air is supplied, cold air is generated by passing the compressed air through a low-temperature air generator that ejects cold air and hot air. Then, the generated cool air is directly introduced into the battery chamber.
- the cool air is directly introduced into the battery compartment, the battery cooling effect is great, and it is possible to control the battery to operate in the optimum temperature environment quickly.
- the As a result the load on the battery can be reduced and the service life of the battery can be extended.
- the system can be configured easily.
- the supply and discharge of the outside air from the intake port and the exhaust port, and the circulation of the air or the cold air in the battery chamber in which the supply of the outside air is cut off are made into a battery temperature, a battery room temperature, and an outside air temperature. Based on this, the cooling control device should be used.
- optimal battery cooling is performed based on the battery temperature, battery indoor temperature, and outside air temperature, so the battery can be controlled to operate in the optimal temperature environment, and the battery service life Can be extended.
- the battery is arranged vertically, and the circulating flow direction of the air or the cold air is made to flow upward and downward from the lower part to the upper part of the battery.
- the cooling effect of the battery can be efficiently obtained by the thermal convection effect of the cold air in the battery chamber.
- a battery mounting structure in which the overall weight balance of the vehicle is good, the cooling performance of the battery is good, and the safety between the battery chamber and the cabin is maintained and the safety is improved. Can do.
- the track may be a dedicated track on which only the electric vehicle travels, or may be a combined track on which the electric vehicle and another vehicle (such as an automobile) can travel. Even in a track-type electric vehicle that runs on a track, it is possible to obtain a battery mounting structure that provides a good weight balance of the entire vehicle, good cooling performance of the battery, and also improves the safety by keeping the battery compartment and the cabin sealed. it can.
- FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional side view of an essential part showing the overall configuration of the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a sectional front view of an essential part showing the first embodiment.
- FIG. 3 is a sectional plan view of an essential part showing the first embodiment.
- FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing the use of the upper surface of the battery chamber.
- (A) is useful as a chair.
- (B) is an explanatory view showing a case of using as a luggage storage.
- FIG. 5 is an explanatory view showing the second embodiment, (a) is a cross-sectional side view of the main part, (b) is a cross-sectional view in the direction of arrow A of (), and (c) is (a ) Is a cross-sectional view in the direction of arrow B.
- FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional plan view of an essential part of the third embodiment.
- FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional side view of an essential part showing the overall configuration of the fourth embodiment.
- FIG. 8 is an enlarged side view of a portion C in FIG.
- FIG. 9 is an enlarged plan view of a portion C in FIG.
- Fig. 10 shows the air flow in the battery compartment in the D-D cross section of Fig. 8, where (a) is the initial operation in winter, (b) is in the case of winter battery heating, (c) Is in the summer.
- FIG. 11 shows the fifth embodiment and is an enlarged side view of a portion C in FIG.
- FIG. 12 is an enlarged plan view of a portion C in FIG.
- Fig. 13 shows the air flow in the battery compartment in the EE cross section of Fig. 11, where (a) is the initial operation in winter, (b) is in winter battery heat generation, and (c) is in summer. This is the case for the season.
- FIG. 14 shows the sixth embodiment and corresponds to FIG. 8 of the fourth embodiment.
- FIG. 15 is a plan view of FIG.
- Fig. 16 shows the air flow in the battery compartment in the FF cross section of Fig. 14, where (a) is the initial operation in winter, (b) is in winter battery heat generation, (c) Is in the summer.
- FIG. 17 shows the seventh embodiment and corresponds to FIG. 11 of the fifth embodiment.
- FIG. 18 is a plan view of FIG.
- Fig. 19 shows the air flow in the battery compartment in the GG cross section of Fig. 17, where (a) is the initial operation in winter, (b) is in the winter battery heat generation, (c) Is in the summer.
- FIG. 20 is an explanatory diagram showing the prior art.
- FIG. 21 is an explanatory diagram showing the prior art. BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
- a vehicle of a track-type traffic system used for traveling in an airport will be described as an example.
- the vehicle 1 is an electrically driven vehicle that includes rubber tires 3 at the lower four corners as wheels and travels on a track (traveling road surface 5 in the present embodiment) with electric power from a battery 33.
- the track (traveling road surface 5) may be a dedicated track for the vehicle 1 or a combined track on which other vehicles can travel.
- the following embodiments are also the same.
- the track-type electric vehicle 1 includes a floor surface 9, a side wall surface 11, a roof 13, and a front and rear end wall surface 15, and a vehicle interior 17 is formed. It has a cab 19 (in the case of manned driving vehicles) and a cabin 21 in the middle of the vehicle. In addition, two sliding entrance doors 23 are provided at the front and rear, and a window 25 is formed at the center.
- an air conditioner 29 for the guest room is installed at a symmetrical position with respect to the center of the vehicle in the front-rear direction, and communicates with each other by a pipe 31, so that the cold air flows into the ceiling 27 portion. It is designed to be discharged into the cabin 21 from the formed outlet.
- the guide track or guide wall is provided along the running road surface 5, and a guide wheel attached to the vehicle carriage is inserted or applied to the guide groove. In contact therewith, a mechanism for steering the steering mechanism of the vehicle 1 in conjunction with the movement of the guide wheel is provided.
- the vehicle 1 includes a motor (electric motor) (not shown) for driving the rubber tire 3, and a battery 33 that sends a driving current to the motor is mounted.
- the battery 33 is made of a lithium ion battery, and a plurality of battery cells (for example, 4 V) (for example, 8) are connected to each other, and the packaged battery module is packed in units of 10 to several tens of ports. It is composed. This battery module is hereinafter referred to as battery 33.
- the battery 33 is accommodated in a battery chamber 35 that is formed so as to protrude into the cabin 21 in the center of the vehicle.
- the battery chamber 35 is formed on the floor surface 9, and the battery chamber 35 is partitioned from the inner side of the cabin 21 by a partition plate 37 having a sealed structure.
- the partition plate 37 is formed of a metal plate, is formed in a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape so as to protrude to the inside of the guest room 21, and further, a heat insulating material 39 such as a glass wool is provided inside the battery chamber 35. Affixed so that the heat in the battery chamber 3 5 and the heat transfer between the guest room 2 1 are insulated. As a result, the cooling effect in the battery chamber 35 is ensured, and the temperature in the guest room 21 is not affected by the heat in the battery chamber 35.
- the battery 3 3 is stacked in the battery chamber 3 5 by stacking three stages in the vehicle vertical direction with the longitudinal direction of the battery 3 3 facing the vehicle width direction.
- the battery 3 3 is stacked in the battery chamber 3 5 by stacking three stages in the vehicle vertical direction with the longitudinal direction of the battery 3 3 facing the vehicle width direction.
- seven rows are arranged side by side on both sides, an appropriate number of stages and rows can be set according to the required motor current.
- Each battery 33 is positioned and fixed by a fixing means so as not to be displaced in the battery chamber 35.
- the floor surface 9 is formed with an intake port 41 for introducing outside air into the battery chamber 35, and the side wall surface 11 is provided with an exhaust port 43 for discharging hot air from the battery chamber 35. ing.
- the intake port 41 and the exhaust port 43 are provided at a plurality of locations in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle according to the number of batteries 33.
- an exhaust fan (not shown) may be installed at the exhaust port 4 3 in order to forcibly exhaust the hot air in the battery chamber 3 5, and a battery fan integrated in the battery 3 3 may be installed. May be installed.
- the battery chamber 3 5 is formed on the floor surface 9 in the guest room 21 and the battery 3 3 is arranged, the battery can be mounted on the roof or other than the bottom of the floor. Since it is mounted on the floor 9, there is no need to reinforce the vehicle body and increase the mechanical strength. In other words, the floor structure originally has sufficient mechanical strength to carry passengers. Therefore, the conventional floor structure of an electric track system powered from the outside of the vehicle can be used as it is.
- the battery chamber 3 5 is partitioned from the inside of the guest room 2 1 by a partition plate 3 7 having a sealed structure, and a heat insulating material is attached to the inside of the battery chamber 3 5.
- the battery is connected to the outside of the vehicle through the opening 43, so that the battery can be cooled by the outside air, and the battery electrolyte is not affected by flammable gas from the electrolyte inside the vehicle, ensuring safety. Is done.
- the battery chamber 35 is provided on both sides of the vehicle in the center in the front-rear direction of the vehicle so as to protrude into the passenger compartment 21, the vehicle weight balance is good and the running stability of the vehicle does not deteriorate.
- the battery compartment 3 5 is installed under each cab in the front and rear of the vehicle from the viewpoint of ensuring a large space in the cabin 21. May be.
- a seat cushion 3 8 may be installed on the upper surface of the partition plate 37 that forms the battery chamber 35, and may be used as a seat 40.
- a handrail 4 2 may be installed on the upper surface of the partition plate 3 7 to be used as a luggage storage area.
- the arrangement of the batteries 33 is set to be increased by one line in the vehicle width direction with respect to the first embodiment. Furthermore, it differs from the first embodiment in that a battery control device 44 that monitors and controls the state of the notch 33 is provided in the battery chamber 35. Since the other components are the same as those in the first embodiment, the same reference numerals are given and description thereof is omitted.
- the battery controller 4 4 monitors the temperature, current, and voltage of the battery 33, and if the battery 33 is in abnormal use, for example, if the battery temperature (electrolyte temperature) is higher than the reference temperature, When the value or voltage value indicates an overloaded condition, the battery management status is notified to the operation management control center or the driver, and the supply current from the battery 33 is automatically controlled for safety measures. It may be controlled to be taken.
- the first embodiment is formed with an inlet 41 for introducing outside air into the battery chamber 35 on the floor surface 9, and on the side wall surface 11.
- An exhaust port 4 3 for discharging hot air from the battery chamber 3 5 is provided.
- both the intake port 41 and the exhaust port 43 are formed on the side wall surface 11 of the vehicle body. It shows the totality.
- both the air inlet 4 1 and the air outlet 4 3 are formed on the side wall surface 11 of the vehicle body, the PJ: Since the air vent 4 1 and the air outlet 4 3 can be provided, the degree of freedom in designing the installation position of the air intake 4 1 and; ⁇ vent 4 3 is improved and the cooling efficiency of the battery chamber 3 5 by the outside air is improved. It can be arranged.
- both the P inlet 41 and the exhaust outlet 4 3 may be formed on the floor 9 of the vehicle body. In this case, the exhaust outlet 4 3 is installed on the side wall 11. In this case, as shown in Fig. 2, when the vehicle 1 stops at the station, there is no possibility that the circulating air flow in the battery chamber 35 will directly hit the passengers of the platform. Absent.
- a part of the cool air cooled by the air conditioner 29 for the guest room is led to the heat exchange pipe in the battery chamber 35 in the first embodiment, and the battery is passed through the heat exchange pipe.
- the air in the chamber 35 is cooled, and the battery 33 is indirectly cooled by the cooled air.
- the other components are the same as those in the first embodiment, so the same reference numerals are given and the description is omitted.
- a duct / duhi user that evenly discharges the cold air generated by the air conditioner 29 for the guest room 21 to the guest room passes through the front and rear. From here, a part of the cold air is introduced by a cold air introduction duct 50 formed in the vertical direction along the side wall surface of the vehicle. As shown in FIG. 8, a cold air introduction fan 52 is installed at a downstream portion of the cold air introduction duct 50 so as to flow into the battery chamber 35.
- the cool air that has flowed into the battery chamber 3 5 is changed in direction by the rectifying plates 5 4 A, 5 4 B, 5 4 C, 5 4 D, and 5 4 E in the duct on the inlet side, and extends in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle.
- a plurality of heat exchange pipes 5 6 A, 5 6 B, 5 6 C, 5 6 D, and 5 6 E flow in parallel.
- inlet duct rectifier plates 5 4 A to 5 4 E are long so that the cold air flows smoothly from the upstream heat exchange pipe 5 6 A to the downstream heat exchange pipe 5 6 E without being biased. Is set so that the angle toward the heat exchange pipes 5 6 A to 5 6 E becomes larger as it goes downstream, and the inlet duct to the most downstream heat exchange pipe 5 6 E is set.
- the inner current plate 5 4 E is the longest and the inclination angle is set to be large.
- the heat exchange pipes 5 6 A to 5 6 E are installed close to the inside end of the battery 33, and a heat radiation fin (not shown) is provided on the outer periphery of the pipe member. It is formed to increase the heat exchange efficiency.
- a warm air exhaust fan 62 is installed upstream of the warm air exhaust duct 60, pushing the warm air into the warm air exhaust duct 60 and returning it to the piping 3 1 of the air conditioner 2 9 for the cabin. Circulating to the return side of 9.
- a plurality of air inlets 6 4 are provided in the lower part of the side wall surface 11 of the battery chamber 35, and a plurality of air outlets 6 6 are provided in the upper part.
- an intake on-off valve 68 and an exhaust on-off valve 70 are respectively attached to the exhaust port 66, and an exhaust fan 72 is installed in the exhaust port 66.
- FIG. 10 (a;), (b), (c)
- the battery fan 7 4 is built in and integrated with each battery 3 3. And the air flow is created in the longitudinal direction of the battery 3 3.
- the airflow guide plate 7 6 is connected to the heat exchange pipes 5 6 A to 5 "6 E through the exhaust port so that the air in 5 is circulated. From 6 to 6, the heat exchange pipes 5 6 A to 5 6 E and the battery 33 are surrounded.
- a plurality of battery indoor air conditioners 7 8 A, 7 8 B, and 7 8 C are attached to the vehicle outer end of the battery 33 in the vertical direction.
- the air conditioning plates 7 8 A to 7 8 C are configured so that the angle can be freely set.
- the battery and the exhaust port 6 4 and the exhaust port 6 6 are closed and the battery is closed.
- the angle of the battery indoor air conditioners 7 8 A to 7 8 C is set so that the air flow from the refan 7 4 circulates (Fig. 10 (a), (c)). 6 When 6 is opened and the exhaust fan 7 2 is activated and the outside air is introduced and exhausted by the exhaust fan 7 2, the angle can be changed so that the outside air is easily introduced and exhausted (Fig. 10). (b)).
- a cooling control device 80 is provided, and by the cooling control device 80, cooling in the battery chamber 35 by supplying and discharging outside air from the P and air outlets 6 4 and 6 6 and the battery chamber 3 Cooling by air circulation in 5 is controlled based on battery temperature, battery room temperature, and outside air temperature.
- the opening and closing of the P-air opening / closing valve 6 8, the opening / closing of the exhaust opening / closing valve 70, the operation of the exhaust fan 7 2, and the operation of the battery fan 7 4 are automatically controlled so that the battery temperature approaches the target temperature. .
- the temperature of the battery 33 is detected from the electrolyte temperature, the temperature of the battery chamber 35 is detected, and the battery temperature or the battery room temperature is higher than the outside air temperature.
- the 33 ⁇ 4 air on / off valve 6 8 is closed, the exhaust on / off valve 70 is closed, the exhaust fan 7 2 is inactivated, and the battery It becomes the internal circulation mode in the chamber 35, and air circulates as shown by the arrow.
- the battery fan 74 is activated, and the battery indoor air conditioning plates 7 8 A to 7 8 C are set to an angle suitable for internal circulation.
- the intake on / off valve 6 8 is turned on as shown in Fig. 10 (b). Open, open the exhaust on / off valve 70, and operate the exhaust fan 72 to enter the outside air Z release mode, where the outside air flows as shown by the arrow. At this time, the battery fan 74 is activated, and the battery room air conditioners 7 8 A to 78 C are set at an angle suitable for introduction / discharge.
- the fifth embodiment differs from the fourth embodiment in that the installation state of the battery 33 is horizontally placed in the fourth embodiment, but is vertically placed in the fifth embodiment. The same as in the fourth embodiment.
- a part of the cool air generated by the air conditioner 29 for the guest room flows into one end portion of the battery chamber 35 by the cool air introducing duct 90.
- a cold air introduction fan 92 is installed at a downstream portion of the cold air introduction duct 90 and flows into the battery chamber 35.
- the cool air that has flowed into the battery chamber 3 5 is changed in direction by the rectifying plates 9 4 A, 9 4 B, and 9 4 C in the inlet side, and extends in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle.
- the heat exchange pipes 9 6 A, 9 6 B, 9 6 C, 9 6 D are flown into.
- the rectifying plates 9 4 A, 9 4 B, and 9 4 C in the plurality of inlet side ducts are not evenly distributed from the heat exchange pipe 9 6 A on the upstream side to the heat exchange pipe 9 6 D on the downstream side.
- the length gradually increases as it goes downstream so that it flows into the smooth, and the inclination of the rectifying plate toward the heat exchange pipes 9 6 A, 9 6 B, 9 6 C, 9 6 D goes downstream. Therefore, it is set to be small so as to face the pipe direction.
- the heat exchange pipes 9 6 A, 9 6 B, 9 6 C, and 9 6 D are installed close to the upper end of the patch 3 3.
- the length and inclination of the rectifying plates 94A, 94B, 94C in the duct on the inlet side and the rectifying plates 98A, 98B, 98C in the discharge side duct are fixed.
- a warm air exhaust fan 102 is installed upstream of the warm air exhaust duct 100 to push the warm air to the warm air exhaust duct 100 and return it to the return side of the air conditioner 29 for the guest room.
- the individual batteries 33 are arranged vertically, and the battery fan 74 of the notch 33 creates an air flow from the bottom to the top as shown in Figs. 13 (a), (b), and (c). It has become.
- air is circulated in the battery chamber 35 when the intake on / off valve 68 and the exhaust on / off valve 70 are both closed.
- the airflow guide plate 116 is installed from the heat exchange pipes 96A, 96B, 96C, 96D to the exhaust port 66 so as to surround the heat exchange pipes 96A, 96B, 96C, 96D.
- a circulation path 118 is formed in the vertical direction.
- the components corresponding to the battery room air conditioner plates 78A, 78B, 78C of the fourth embodiment are not installed. That is, in the fifth embodiment, since the batteries 33 are vertically arranged, the air from the bottom to the top is caused by the notch fan 74 and the heat convection by guiding the air to the lower part of the battery 33 through the circulation path 118. This is because it is easy to occur and it is not necessary to generate a horizontal air flow to each battery stacked horizontally as in the fourth embodiment.
- the system can be configured with a simple structure.
- a cooling control device 120 is provided, and the cooling control device 120 performs cooling by supplying and discharging outside air from the intake port 64 and the exhaust port 66 and cooling by circulating air in the battery chamber 35. It is controlled based on the battery indoor temperature and the outside air temperature, and automatically controls the battery temperature to approach the target temperature.
- the battery room air conditioner 7 of the fourth embodiment 7 Since there are no 8 A, 7 8 B, and 7 8 C, control of these is not necessary.
- the intake on / off valve 6 8 is opened as shown in Fig. 13 (b). Then, the exhaust opening / closing valve 70 is opened and the exhaust fan 72 is operated, so that the outside air flows into the outside air introduction / discharge mode as shown by the arrow. At this time, the battery fan 7 4 operates and flows so as to be discharged from the exhaust port 6 6.
- the battery 33 since the battery 33 is vertically arranged in the battery chamber 35, the circulating flow direction of the air or the cold air is caused to flow from the bottom to the top of the battery 33.
- the cooling effect of the battery 33 can be efficiently obtained by the thermal convection effect of air or cold air.
- the cooling control device 1 2 0 performs optimum battery cooling based on the battery temperature, the battery indoor temperature, and the outside air temperature. Control that operates is possible, and the service life of the battery 33 can be extended.
- the cool air cooled by the air conditioner 29 is used for the battery chamber 35.
- the heat exchange pipes 5 6 A to 5 6 E and 9 6 A to 9 6 D are led to cool the air in the battery chamber 3 5 by the heat exchange pipes to indirectly cool the battery 3 3.
- the pressure air from the vehicle air source was introduced into the low temperature air generator 1 3 1 and generated from the low temperature air generator 1 3 1 The difference is that the cool air is led directly into the battery chamber 3 5 to cool the battery 3 3.
- the sixth embodiment corresponds to the case where the battery of the fourth embodiment is placed horizontally
- the next seventh embodiment corresponds to the case where the battery of the fifth embodiment is placed vertically. As shown in FIGS. 14 and 15, cold air flows directly into one end of the battery chamber 35.
- This cold air is created by using pressurized air as an air source for operating vehicle equipment, for example, by using pressure air for brakes.
- the low-temperature air generator 1 3 1 generates cold air and hot air using the flow of vortex generated in the vessel when high-pressure air is introduced into the container without using any refrigerant. It is a vessel.
- the inlet of the low-temperature air generator 1 3 1 is equipped with an electromagnetic valve 1 3 2 that controls the supply of compressed air, so that cold air flows into the battery chamber 3 5 when the electromagnetic valve 1 3 2 is turned on and off. It has become.
- the cold air flowing into the battery chamber 3 5 is guided to the side wall surface 1 1 side of the vehicle body of each battery 3 3 by the cold air pipes 1 3 4, drilled toward the battery 3 3, and the cold air outlet 1 3 6 It is supposed to flow out of.
- the cold air tubes 1 3 4 extend in the vehicle front-rear direction and are arranged in parallel in the vertical direction corresponding to the respective stages of the battery 33 corresponding to the three-stage stacking of the batteries 33.
- an airflow guide plate 1 3 8 surrounds the battery 33 and extends to the exhaust port 66.
- a plurality of battery indoor air conditioners 1 OA, 1 4 0 B are vertically installed at the outer end of the battery 3 3, and the battery indoor air conditioners 1 4 0 A, 1 4 0 B are angled. Is free Set to
- a cooling control device 1 4 2 is provided, cooling by supplying and discharging outside air from the P inlet 6 4 and exhaust 6 6, cooling by circulating air in the battery chamber 3 5, and generation of low temperature air Cooling by the cool air discharged directly from the vessel 1 3 1 is controlled based on the battery temperature, the battery room temperature, and the outside air temperature, and is automatically controlled so that the battery temperature approaches the target temperature.
- Valve 6 8 is closed, exhaust on / off valve 70 is closed, exhaust fan 7 2 is inactive, and the internal circulation mode in battery chamber 35 is entered, and air circulates as shown by the arrow.
- the battery fan 74 is activated, and the battery indoor air conditioning plates 14 40 A and 14 40 B are set at an angle suitable for internal circulation.
- the intake opening / closing valve 68 is opened as shown in Fig. 16 (b). Then, open the exhaust on / off valve ⁇ 0 and actuate the exhaust fan 72 to enter the outside air introduction / release mode, and the outside air flows as shown by the arrows. At this time, the battery fan 74 is activated, and the notch indoor air conditioning plates 14 40 A and 14 OB are set at an angle suitable for introduction / discharge.
- the cooling control device 1 4 2 directly controls the battery 3 3 by the cool air from the low temperature air generator 1 3 1 based on the notch temperature, the battery indoor temperature, and the outside air temperature.
- the cooling effect of the battery 3 3 is further increased, so that the battery 3 3 can be controlled to operate in the optimum temperature environment quickly, and the service life of the battery 3 3 can be extended. Can do.
- compressed air can be introduced from a pressurized air source placed under the floor, a portion of the cold air generated by the air conditioner 29 for the cabin 21 is transferred from the ceiling to the floor to the vehicle side wall. This eliminates the need for piping such as a cold air introduction duct that leads along, and simplifies the system.
- the seventh embodiment corresponds to the fifth embodiment, and the sixth embodiment is different from the sixth embodiment in which the installation state of the battery 33 is horizontal, but the seventh embodiment is vertical. Others are the same as in the sixth embodiment.
- the pressure air from the vehicle air source is introduced into one end portion of the battery chamber 3 5 to the low temperature air generator 1 5 1, and the cold air generated from the low temperature air generator 1 5 1 is introduced.
- Qi flows in.
- the inlet of the low-temperature air generator 1 5 1 is provided with an electromagnetic valve 1 5 2 that controls the introduction of pressurized air. Flows into the battery chamber 35.
- the low temperature air generator 1 51 is the same as the low temperature air generator 1 3 1 described in the sixth embodiment.
- the cold air flowing into the battery chamber 3 5 is guided to the floor 9 side of the vehicle body at the lower part of each battery 3 3 by the cold air pipes 1 5 4, drilled toward the battery 3 3, and the cold air outlet 1 5 It is supposed to flow out of 6.
- the cold wind tubes 15 4 extend in the vehicle longitudinal direction corresponding to the three rows of the batteries 33 and are arranged in parallel in the horizontal direction.
- the air flow guide plate 1558 extends to the exhaust port 66 so as to cover the battery 33.
- a circulation path 160 is formed in the vertical direction at the vehicle outer end of the battery 33.
- a cooling control device 1 6 2 is provided, cooling by supplying and discharging the outside air from the P inlet port 6 4 and the exhaust port 6 6 and cooling by circulating air in the battery chamber 3 5, Cooling by the cool air directly discharged from the low-temperature air generator 1 5 1 is controlled based on the battery temperature, the battery indoor temperature, and the outside air temperature, and automatically controls the battery temperature to approach the target temperature.
- Valve 6 8 is closed, exhaust on / off valve 70 is closed, exhaust fan 7 2 is inactive, and the internal circulation mode in battery chamber 35 is entered, and air circulates as shown by the arrow.
- the battery fan 74 is activated and circulates from the top to the bottom through the circulation path 160.
- the intake on / off valve 68 is opened as shown in Fig. 19 (b). Then, the exhaust on / off valve 70 is opened, the exhaust fan 72 is operated, and the outside air flows as indicated by the arrow in the Z air release mode. At this time, the battery fan 7 4 operates and flows so as to be discharged from the exhaust port 6 6.
- the effect of directing the cool air from the low-temperature air generator 1 51 to the battery chamber 3 5 and directly cooling the battery 3 3 is the same as that of the sixth embodiment, but according to the seventh embodiment,
- the battery 33 In the battery chamber 35, the battery 33 is vertically arranged, and the circulating flow direction of the air or the cold air flows from the lower part of the battery 33 to the upper part in the height direction of the battery 33.
- the cooling effect of the battery 33 can be more effectively obtained by the thermal convection effect of air or cold air.
- the present invention it is possible to obtain a battery mounting structure in which the overall weight balance of the vehicle is good, the cooling performance of the battery is good, and the safety is improved by maintaining the hermetic seal between the battery compartment and the cabin. It can be provided for track-based electric vehicles used in transportation systems.
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Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US12/312,910 US8511237B2 (en) | 2007-07-19 | 2008-04-18 | Guideway electric vehicle mounted with batteries |
JP2009523563A JP5010682B2 (ja) | 2007-07-19 | 2008-04-18 | 軌道系電動車両のバッテリ搭載構造および軌道系電動車両 |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
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JP2009073439A (ja) * | 2007-09-25 | 2009-04-09 | Kinki Sharyo Co Ltd | 鉄道車両 |
JP2009234310A (ja) * | 2008-03-26 | 2009-10-15 | Hitachi Ltd | 軌条車両 |
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JP4879370B1 (ja) * | 2011-03-07 | 2012-02-22 | 三菱電機株式会社 | 車両用制御装置 |
JP2012201138A (ja) * | 2011-03-24 | 2012-10-22 | Toyo Electric Mfg Co Ltd | 強制風冷式半導体冷却装置 |
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KR101693889B1 (ko) | 2011-10-17 | 2017-01-09 | 현대자동차주식회사 | 차량의 배터리 탑재장치 |
KR20140134294A (ko) | 2012-08-01 | 2014-11-21 | 니혼 덴산 산쿄 가부시키가이샤 | 배터리 교환 로봇의 교시 방법 및 배터리 교환 로봇 |
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JP2014235900A (ja) * | 2013-06-03 | 2014-12-15 | 株式会社デンソー | 電池冷却装置 |
JP2016005391A (ja) * | 2014-06-18 | 2016-01-12 | 近畿車輌株式会社 | 鉄道車両 |
JP2016022853A (ja) * | 2014-07-22 | 2016-02-08 | 積水化成品工業株式会社 | 保護カバー |
JP2016130047A (ja) * | 2015-01-13 | 2016-07-21 | 株式会社Ihi | 鉄道車両 |
JP2017045700A (ja) * | 2015-08-28 | 2017-03-02 | 株式会社Ihi | バッテリー装置及び鉄道車両 |
CN106004897A (zh) * | 2016-08-10 | 2016-10-12 | 中车资阳机车有限公司 | 一种机车动力电池组散热系统 |
CN109927535A (zh) * | 2017-12-16 | 2019-06-25 | 郑州宇通客车股份有限公司 | 导风罩 |
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JP2021086728A (ja) * | 2019-11-27 | 2021-06-03 | 株式会社日立製作所 | 蓄電池システム及びその冷却制御方法 |
CN113442955A (zh) * | 2021-07-01 | 2021-09-28 | 中车青岛四方车辆研究所有限公司 | 一种有轨电车车顶逆变器箱 |
JPWO2023053252A1 (ja) * | 2021-09-29 | 2023-04-06 | ||
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JP7433547B2 (ja) | 2021-09-29 | 2024-02-19 | 三菱電機株式会社 | 車載機器 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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TWI342275B (en) | 2011-05-21 |
JPWO2009011162A1 (ja) | 2010-09-16 |
TW200904667A (en) | 2009-02-01 |
US8511237B2 (en) | 2013-08-20 |
US20090320715A1 (en) | 2009-12-31 |
JP5010682B2 (ja) | 2012-08-29 |
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