Classifications

• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
  • A61K9/48—Preparations in capsules, e.g. of gelatin, of chocolate
  • A61K9/50—Microcapsules having a gas, liquid or semi-solid filling; Solid microparticles or pellets surrounded by a distinct coating layer, e.g. coated microspheres, coated drug crystals
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
  • A61K9/48—Preparations in capsules, e.g. of gelatin, of chocolate
  • A61K9/50—Microcapsules having a gas, liquid or semi-solid filling; Solid microparticles or pellets surrounded by a distinct coating layer, e.g. coated microspheres, coated drug crystals
  • A61K9/5005—Wall or coating material
  • A61K9/5021—Organic macromolecular compounds
  • A61K9/5036—Polysaccharides, e.g. gums, alginate; Cyclodextrin
  • A61K9/5042—Cellulose; Cellulose derivatives, e.g. phthalate or acetate succinate esters of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose
  • A61K9/5047—Cellulose ethers containing no ester groups, e.g. hydroxypropyl methylcellulose
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
  • A61K31/13—Amines
  • A61K31/155—Amidines (), e.g. guanidine (H2N—C(=NH)—NH2), isourea (N=C(OH)—NH2), isothiourea (—N=C(SH)—NH2)
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
  • A61K31/185—Acids; Anhydrides, halides or salts thereof, e.g. sulfur acids, imidic, hydrazonic or hydroximic acids
  • A61K31/19—Carboxylic acids, e.g. valproic acid
  • A61K31/192—Carboxylic acids, e.g. valproic acid having aromatic groups, e.g. sulindac, 2-aryl-propionic acids, ethacrynic acid 
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
  • A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
  • A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
  • A61K31/41—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having five-membered rings with two or more ring hetero atoms, at least one of which being nitrogen, e.g. tetrazole
  • A61K31/425—Thiazoles
  • A61K31/429—Thiazoles condensed with heterocyclic ring systems
  • A61K31/43—Compounds containing 4-thia-1-azabicyclo [3.2.0] heptane ring systems, i.e. compounds containing a ring system of the formula, e.g. penicillins, penems
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
  • A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
  • A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
  • A61K31/495—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with two or more nitrogen atoms as the only ring heteroatoms, e.g. piperazine or tetrazines
  • A61K31/505—Pyrimidines; Hydrogenated pyrimidines, e.g. trimethoprim
  • A61K31/519—Pyrimidines; Hydrogenated pyrimidines, e.g. trimethoprim ortho- or peri-condensed with heterocyclic rings
  • A61K31/52—Purines, e.g. adenine
  • A61K31/522—Purines, e.g. adenine having oxo groups directly attached to the heterocyclic ring, e.g. hypoxanthine, guanine, acyclovir
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
  • A61K31/56—Compounds containing cyclopenta[a]hydrophenanthrene ring systems; Derivatives thereof, e.g. steroids
  • A61K31/58—Compounds containing cyclopenta[a]hydrophenanthrene ring systems; Derivatives thereof, e.g. steroids containing heterocyclic rings, e.g. danazol, stanozolol, pancuronium or digitogenin
  • A61K31/585—Compounds containing cyclopenta[a]hydrophenanthrene ring systems; Derivatives thereof, e.g. steroids containing heterocyclic rings, e.g. danazol, stanozolol, pancuronium or digitogenin containing lactone rings, e.g. oxandrolone, bufalin
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
  • A61K9/0012—Galenical forms characterised by the site of application
  • A61K9/0053—Mouth and digestive tract, i.e. intraoral and peroral administration
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
  • A61K9/0087—Galenical forms not covered by A61K9/02 - A61K9/7023
  • A61K9/0095—Drinks; Beverages; Syrups; Compositions for reconstitution thereof, e.g. powders or tablets to be dispersed in a glass of water; Veterinary drenches
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
  • A61K9/10—Dispersions; Emulsions
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
  • A61K9/48—Preparations in capsules, e.g. of gelatin, of chocolate
  • A61K9/50—Microcapsules having a gas, liquid or semi-solid filling; Solid microparticles or pellets surrounded by a distinct coating layer, e.g. coated microspheres, coated drug crystals
  • A61K9/5005—Wall or coating material
  • A61K9/5015—Organic compounds, e.g. fats, sugars
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
  • A61K9/48—Preparations in capsules, e.g. of gelatin, of chocolate
  • A61K9/50—Microcapsules having a gas, liquid or semi-solid filling; Solid microparticles or pellets surrounded by a distinct coating layer, e.g. coated microspheres, coated drug crystals
  • A61K9/5005—Wall or coating material
  • A61K9/5021—Organic macromolecular compounds
  • A61K9/5026—Organic macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polyvinyl pyrrolidone, poly(meth)acrylates
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
  • A61K9/48—Preparations in capsules, e.g. of gelatin, of chocolate
  • A61K9/50—Microcapsules having a gas, liquid or semi-solid filling; Solid microparticles or pellets surrounded by a distinct coating layer, e.g. coated microspheres, coated drug crystals
  • A61K9/5005—Wall or coating material
  • A61K9/5021—Organic macromolecular compounds
  • A61K9/5036—Polysaccharides, e.g. gums, alginate; Cyclodextrin
  • A61K9/5042—Cellulose; Cellulose derivatives, e.g. phthalate or acetate succinate esters of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose

Definitions

• Oral pharmaceutical formulation in the form of an aqueous suspension of microcapsules allowing the modified release of active principle (s)
• the field of the invention is that of the modified release of pharmaceutical active ingredients, with the exclusion of amoxicillin.
• the expression "modified release” denotes indifferently a release of the active ingredient (s) starting from the contact of the dosage form with its dissolution medium (in vivo or in in vitro) or else a release of the active principle (s) starting only after a predetermined duration ranging for example from 0.5 to several hours.
• the release time of 50% of the active ingredient (s) is typically several hours, and can range from 0.5 to 30 hours, for example.
• the invention relates to liquid pharmaceutical formulations, which can be administered orally, with modified release of active principle (s) with the exception of amoxicillin.
• These formulations consist of suspensions or dispersions of microcapsules each formed by a core comprising Arnoxicillin and by a coating enveloping said core.
• the microcapsules constituting the dispersed phase of the suspension are designed, in accordance with the invention, to allow the modified release of the active principle (s) to the exclusion of amoxicillin.
• the invention relates in particular to aqueous, "multimicrocapsular" suspensions, of active principle (s) which can be administered orally, with the exception of amoxicillin, which suspensions are stable throughout the duration of the treatment and allow the modified release of the active ingredient (excluding amoxicillin).
• active principle s
• amoxicillin which suspensions are stable throughout the duration of the treatment and allow the modified release of the active ingredient (excluding amoxicillin).
• the invention also relates to a particular process for the preparation of microcapsules intended to be placed in aqueous suspension.
• Modified release oral pharmaceutical formulations of active ingredient (s) are well known. Some of these formulations consist of tablets comprising a therapeutically active core coated with various thicknesses of non-digestible materials. More recently, microcapsules or microspheres have appeared comprising a core of active principle (s) embedded in layers of different permeability or solubility. These microcapsules / microspheres are placed, for example, in gelatin capsules, so as to form galenical systems with modified release of active principle (s).
• modified release pharmaceutical forms comprising a core of coated active agent (s) are presented in solid form: tablets, capsules, microspheres, or microcapsules.
• microcapsules in dry form, mention may in particular be made of patent EP-B-0 709 087 describes a galenic system (pharmaceutical or dietetic), preferably in the form of a tablet, advantageously disintegrable, of powder or of capsule , characterized in that it comprises microcapsules, of reservoir type, containing at least one Active Drug and / or Nutritional Principle (PA), in particular chosen from antibiotics, intended for administration by the oral route, characterized:
• PA Nutritional Principle
• At least one film-forming polymer (P1) insoluble in the fluids of the tract present in an amount of 50 to 90% by weight on a dry basis relative to the total mass of the coating composition and consisting of at least one non-water-soluble derivative cellulose, ethylcellulose and / or cellulose acetate being particularly preferred;
• plasticizer present at 2 to 20% by weight on a dry basis relative to the total mass of the coating composition and consisting of at least one of the following compounds: glycerol esters, phthalates, citrates, sebacates, esters of cetyl alcohol, castor oil, salicylic acid and cutin, castor oil being particularly preferred;
• surfactant and / or lubricant present in an amount of 2 to 20% by dry weight relative to the total mass of the coating composition and chosen from anionic surfactants, preferably the alkali or alkaline earth salts of fatty acids, stearic and / or oleic acid being preferred, and / or among nonionic surfactants, preferably polyoxyethylenated sorbitan esters and / or polyoxyethylenated castor oil derivatives, and / or from lubricating agents such as stearates, preferably calcium, magnesium, aluminum or zinc, or as stearyl fumarate, preferably sodium, and or glycerol behenate; said agent possibly comprising a single or a mixture of the above products; - in that they have a particle size between 50 and 1000 microns, - in that they are designed so as to be able to remain in the small intestine for a time of at least 5 hours approximately, and thus allow the absorption of PA
• This document relates only to dry pharmaceutical forms based on microcapsules and makes no mention of oral liquid pharmaceutical forms based on microcapsules.
• the suspensions of the invention are adapted to vials provided with syringes graduated in kg already existing and therefore does not require setting to the point of a new device.
• Modified release forms hitherto little used for children are therefore now accessible thanks to the invention.
• the advantages of such forms are the reduction in the number of daily doses and the optimization of the effectiveness of the treatment between each dose (as for example for antibiotics, anti-inflammatories, cardiovascular treatments, ).
• a liquid pharmaceutical formulation with controlled release which is easy to prepare, would constitute significant progress.
• Liquid multiparticulate dosage forms are known, more specifically colloidal suspensions, which are preferred to solid forms for the active ingredients that are highly dosed or for pediatric applications, which can be administered orally.
• the active ingredient is also ionic and has a polarity opposite to that of the resin.
• the latter can be sodium polystyrene sulfonate and the coating ionic polymer is chosen from acrylic and methacrylic acid ester polymers (EUDRAGIT®).
• EUDRAGIT® acrylic and methacrylic acid ester polymers
• the resin is impregnated with an aqueous solution of the active principle.
• the resin particles impregnated with active principle are then coated with an organic solution of ionic polymer.
• the microcapsules thus obtained can be put in the form of an oral suspension (in particular example 2).
• the use of ionic resin and coating polymer limits the possibilities of application to the ionic active principles.
• US patents US-B-4,999,189 and US-B-5,186,930 relate to liquid pharmaceutical compositions comprising ionic ion exchange resin / active ingredient complexes in suspension in a liquid phase. These resin / active ingredient complex particles are coated with a first layer of pharmaceutically acceptable wax with a high melting point and with a second outer layer of a water-insoluble and pharmaceutically acceptable polymer (ethylcellulose or methylcellulose hydroxypropylmethylcellulose, hydroxyethyl- cellulose, Eudragit® ). A plasticizer such as dibutyl cebacate can be introduced into this second outer layer. The active principle is fixed by ionic bond to the ion exchange resin.
• a water-insoluble and pharmaceutically acceptable polymer ethylcellulose or methylcellulose hydroxypropylmethylcellulose, hydroxyethyl- cellulose, Eudragit® .
• a plasticizer such as dibutyl cebacate can be introduced into this second outer layer.
• the active principle is fixed by ionic bond
• the liquid phase consists of a glucose syrup with a high fructose content and by several other ingredients such as glycerin or propylene glycol.
• Patent US-B-5, 186,930 differs from the first in that it provides an amount of first layer (wax) sufficient to prevent swelling and cracking of the particles of complex resins / active ingredients.
• suspensions are prepared by saturating the aqueous phase with the active principle, before incorporating the microcapsules of active ingredient in this aqueous phase.
• the composition of the coating of the microcapsules, allowing the modified release of the active principle, is not described in these documents. However, this coating composition is decisive in ensuring the maintenance of the modified release profile of the microcapsules, after storage in the aqueous phase. It appears that the technical proposal described does not disclose the means making it possible to solve the double problem of producing a liquid suspension of a microcapsular form with modified release, without affecting the stability of the modified release profile of the active principle to the outcome of the storage of microcapsules in the liquid phase.
• European patent application EP-A-0601 508 relates to an aqueous suspension for the oral administration of naxoprene, according to a modified release profile.
• This suspension comprises coated naxoprene microgranules, suspended in a syrupy aqueous liquid phase.
• the technical problem underlying this invention is the provision of a modified release form of naxoprene, dosed at 1000 mg and administered in a single daily dose.
• the microgranules are made of naxoprene, polyvinylpyrrolidone, and lactose (90-300 ⁇ m). Their coating is made of 4 layers. The first includes: diethylcellulose / diethylphthalate / polyethylene glycol. The second is based on EUDRAGIT (meth) acrylate / (meth) acrylic copolymers. The third contains glycerol stearate / wax / fatty alcohols. And the fourth consists of an enteric coating based on cellulose acetate / phthalate. The release of naxoprene takes place in a modified manner over 24 hours.
• Example 22 of this European patent application EP-A-0601508 includes a demonstration of the stability of the release profile after 30 days of storage of the liquid suspension.
• PCT patent application WO-A-96/01628 discloses a liquid pharmaceutical formulation for oral administration, according to a modified release profile (12 hours), of an active principle consisting of moguistein.
• the goal is to provide a liquid formulation of modified release moguistein, which is easy to measure and ingest, which has a release time to avoid multiple intakes, which is stable in aqueous suspension over time, which is tasty to promote compliance and whose manufacture does not involve recourse to toxic materials such as solvents.
• the invention proposes a suspension in a slightly hydrated liquid phase (essentially based on sorbitol and glycerin), of microgranules (90-300 ⁇ m) of moguistein coated with a first hydrophilic layer consisting of cellulose acetate / phthalate and diethylphthalate; by a second hydrophobic layer comprising glycerol stearate / wax / fatty alcohols; and by a third hydrophilic layer identical to the first.
• This multilayer form is very complex to prepare and, moreover, is specific to moguistein.
• the main objective of the present invention is to provide an aqueous suspension, of microcapsules of active principle (s) with the exclusion of Pamoxicillin, for the oral administration of the latter (or these). (s) according to a modified release profile, in which the coating of the microcapsules is designed so that the release profile is not disturbed and does not depend on the maceration time of the microcapsules in the liquid phase (preferably aqueous ).
• the release of the active ingredient (s) contained in the microcapsules, in the liquid phase would be avoided throughout the storage of the suspension, while allowing modified release of the (or ) active principle (s) as soon as it enters an environment allowing release to be triggered, namely in vivo in the gastrointestinal tract and in vitro under the conditions of a dissolution test carried out just after the suspension of the microcapsules in the solvent phase (preferably aqueous), using a type II device, according to the European Pharmacopoeia 3 rd edition, in a phosphate buffer medium pH 6.8, for a volume of 900 ml, at a temperature of 37 ° C.
• Another object of the present invention is to provide an aqueous liquid suspension of microcapsules of active principle (s) (excluding Pamoxicillin) comprising a coating film formed by a single layer.
• Another objective of the present invention is to provide an aqueous liquid suspension of microcapsules of active principle (s) (excluding amoxicillin), in which the dissolved fraction resulting from the microcapsules is less than or equal to 15%, preferably 5% by weight of the total mass of active ingredients present in the microcapsules.
• active principle s
• amoxicillin active principle
• Another objective of the present invention is to provide an aqueous liquid suspension of microcapsules of active principle (s) (excluding amoxicillin) in which part of the active principle (s) ( s) is in immediate release form and the other part of the active ingredient (s) is in modified release form (microcapsules).
• Another essential objective of the present invention is to provide an aqueous suspension of microcapsules with modified release of active principles (excluding amoxicillin) making it possible to release the active principle according to a release profile which is not altered by the aging time of the suspension.
• active principles excluding amoxicillin
• Another essential objective of the present invention is to provide an aqueous suspension of microcapsules made of particles of active principle (s) (excluding amoxicillin) individually coated, and allowing the release of this (or these ) last (s) according to an extended and / or possibly delayed profile, such that the half-release time t 1/2 is between 0.5 and 30 hours.
• active principle s
• amoxicillin excluding amoxicillin
• Another objective of the present invention is to provide an oral dosage form which is liquid and made up of a large number (for example of the order of several thousand) of microcapsules, this multiplicity ensuring statistically good reproducibility of the transit kinetics of PA throughout the gastrointestinal tract, so that this results in better control of bioavailability and therefore better efficiency.
• An essential objective of the present invention is to provide a liquid, oral dosage form formed from a plurality of coated microcapsules avoiding the use of large amounts of coating agent, the mass fraction of coating agent being comparable to that of monolithic forms.
• Another essential objective of the present invention is to provide an aqueous suspension with modified release in which the active principle (s) (excluding amoxicillin) is (are) in the form of a plurality of particles individually coated to form microcapsules and allowing the mixing of several active ingredients, released according to different respective release times.
• active principle excluding amoxicillin
• Another essential objective of the present invention is to propose the use, as a means of treatment of human or veterinary diseases, of a suspension (preferably aqueous) of microcapsules constituted by particles of active principle (s) ) (excluding amoxicillin) individually coated so as to determine the modified release of the active principle (s), without the storage in this liquid form of the microcapsules in the suspension, does not affect the altered release profile.
• a suspension preferably aqueous
• microcapsules constituted by particles of active principle (s) ) (excluding amoxicillin) individually coated so as to determine the modified release of the active principle (s), without the storage in this liquid form of the microcapsules in the suspension, does not affect the altered release profile.
• Another essential objective of the present invention is to provide a medicament based on a preferably aqueous suspension of microcapsules constituted by particles of active principle (s) (excluding amoxicillin) individually coated with to determine the modified release of the active principle (s), without the storage in this liquid form of the microcapsules in the suspension having any effect on the modified release profile.
• active principle excluding amoxicillin
• the inventors had the merit of developing a multimicrocapsular galenic system in the form of a suspension, preferably aqueous, with modified release of active principle (s) excluding amoxicillin:
• microcapsules in suspension in a liquid phase (preferably aqueous) saturated in active principle (s) or saturable in active principle (s) in contact with the microcapsules, while using a quantity limited solvent (preferably water), but nevertheless sufficient for the suspension to be easily swallowed.
• a liquid phase preferably aqueous
• active principle s
• saturable in active principle s
• the invention which satisfies the objectives set out above, among others, relates to a suspension of microcapsules in an aqueous liquid phase, allowing the modified release of at least one active principle (excluding amoxicillin ) and intended to be administered orally, characterized:
• polyacrylamide and / or a poly-N ⁇ vinylamide and / or a polyN-vinyl-lactam * 3A -at least one plasticizer present in an amount of 2 to 20, preferably from 4 to 15% by dry weight relative to the total mass of the coating composition and consisting of at least one of the following compounds: esters of glycerol, phthalates, citrates, sebacates, esters of cetyl alcohol, castor oil; 4A -at least one surfactant and / or lubricant, present in an amount of 2 to 20, preferably from 4 to 15% by dry weight relative to the total mass of the coating composition and chosen from the surfactants anionic active agents, and / or from nonionic surfactants, and / or from lubricating agents; said agent possibly comprising a single or a mixture of the above products;
• ⁇ 1 B - at least one hydrophilic polymer carrying ionized groups at neutral pH, preferably chosen from cellulose derivatives;
• ⁇ 2B - at least one hydrophobic compound, different from A,
• surfactant / lubricant optionally at least one surfactant / lubricant preferably selected from the following group of products: ⁇ anionic surfactants, ⁇ and / or nonionic surfactants;
• microcapsules of active principle designates microcapsules whose core comprises (or) active principle (s) and optionally at least one excipient.
• This suspension according to the invention makes it possible to overcome the two main obstacles to the production of an aqueous suspension of microcapsules constituted by microparticles of active principles individually coated and allowing the modified release of the latter, these two obstacles being to: a) limit the fraction of active ingredients which can be released immediately from the microcapsules, to a value less than 15%, and preferably 5
• this suspension makes it possible to facilitate the oral administration of drugs whose therapeutic doses are high and this, in particular with regard to the elderly and children, the gain in terms of compliance and success of the treatment is significantly Student.
• the modified release form is particularly advantageous for the modified release form to be a plurality of microcapsules, as indicated in the preamble to the present description.
• the families A, B, C in which the constituents of the coating composition are chosen are the following:
• ⁇ triglycerides tristearin, tripalmitin, Lubritab®, Cutina HR, 7-9, ⁇ animal and vegetable fats (beeswax, camauba wax, %), ⁇ and their mixtures.
• ⁇ the non-water-soluble derivatives of cellulose, ethylcellulose and / or cellulose acetate being particularly preferred, ⁇ acrylic derivatives,
• PVA polyvinyl alcohols
• POE polyoxyethylenes
• PVP polyvinylpyrrolidones
• glycerol and its esters preferably in the following subgroup: acetylated glycerides, glycerolmonostearate, glyceryl triacetate, glycerol tributyrate, ⁇ phthalates, preferably in the following subgroup: dibutylphthalate, diethylphthalate, dimethylphthalate, diocytylphthalate,
• ⁇ citrates preferably in the following subgroup:
• acetyltributyl citrate acetyltriethyl citrate, tributyl citrate, triethyl citrate, ⁇ sebacates, preferably in the following subgroup: diethyl sebacate, dibutyl sebacate, ⁇ adipates, 10 ⁇ azelates,
• ⁇ fumarates preferably diethyl fumarate, ⁇ malates, preferably diethylmalate, 15 ⁇ oxalates, preferably diethyloxalate,
• ⁇ malonates preferably diethylmalonate, ⁇ cutin
• the alkaline or alkaline earth salts of fatty acids, stearic and / or oleic acid being preferred ⁇ polyoxyethylenated oils preferably castor oil 30 polyoxyethylene hydrogenated, polyoxyethylene-polyoxypropylene copolymers, polyoxyethylene sorbitan esters, derivatives polyoxyethylenated castor oil, stearates, preferably calcium, magnesium, aluminum or zinc, stearyl fumarates, preferably sodium, glycerol behenate, and mixtures thereof.
• the coating film consists of a single layer, the mass of which represents from 1 to 50% by weight, preferably from 5 to 40% by weight, of the total mass of the microcapsules.
• the liquid phase is aqueous, and more preferably still, it consists of at least 20% water, and better still at least 50% by weight of water.
• This suspension according to the invention advantageously comprises: - 30 to 95% by weight, preferably 60 to 85% by weight of liquid phase (advantageously water), - 5 to 70% by weight, preferably 15 to 40% by weight weight of microcapsules.
• the quantity of liquid solvent phase (preferably water) of the active principle (s) (excluding Arnoxicillin) is such that the proportion of principle (s) ( s) active (s) dissolved and coming from the microcapsules is less than or equal to 15%, preferably 5% by weight relative to the total mass of active ingredient (s) contained in the microcapsules.
• the liquid phase is at least partly, preferably completely, saturated with the active principle (s) (excluding amoxicillin) following the incorporation of the microcapsules in this liquid phase.
• the active principle (s) are saturated by means of the active principle (s) contained in the microcapsules.
• the liquid phase is at least partly, preferably completely, saturated with the active principle (s) (excluding amoxicillin) using the principle (s) active (s) not encapsulated, before the incorporation of the microcapsules in this liquid phase.
• This embodiment is particularly advantageous for the administration of amoxicillin, in that it makes it possible to combine an immediate-release fraction and a modified-release fraction.
• the microcapsules have a particle size of less than or equal to 1,000 microns, preferably between 200 and 800 microns, and more preferably still between 200 and 600 microns.
• particle size is meant in the sense of the invention, a proportion of at least 75% by weight of microcapsules with a diameter between the considered limits of the size of the screening screen.
• the amount of coating of microcapsules advantageously represents from 1 to 50%, preferably 5 to 40%, of the weight of the coated microcapsules. This advantageous characteristic is all the more to be acquired since the microcapsules, because of their small size, have a large specific surface, which accelerates the release.
• a coating film for the microcapsules which belongs to the family. A or C.
• Another means of defining the liquid suspension according to the invention may consist in reporting an in vitro release profile produced using a type II device, according to the European pharmacopoeia 3 em ⁇ edition, in a medium phosphate buffer pH 6.8, and at a temperature of 37 ° C, such that: • the proportion PI of active principle (s) released from the microcapsules during the first 15 minutes of the dissolution test is such that:
• PI ⁇ 15 preferably PI ⁇ 5
• the suspension according to the invention is characterized in that:
• the initial in vitro release profile Pfi produced just after the suspension of the microcapsules in the solvent phase (preferably aqueous), using a type II device, according to the European Pharmacopoeia 3 rd edition, in a phosphate buffer medium pH 6.8, for a volume of 900 ml, at a temperature of 37 ° C.,
• the Pf 10 in vitro release profile produced 10 days after the microcapsules have been suspended in the solvent phase (preferably aqueous), using a type II device, according to the European Pharmacopoeia 3 rd edition, in a phosphate buffer medium pH 6.8, at a temperature of 37 ° C, are similar.
• the pH of the liquid suspension according to the invention can be either acidic or neutral.
• rheology-modifying agent it may in particular be one or more "viscosifying" agents chosen from those commonly used in the pharmaceutical industry and in particular those disclosed in "Handbook of pharmaceutical excipients - 3 rd Edition, Am. Pharmaceutical Association, Arthur H KIBBE, 2000, ISBN 0917330-96-X. Europe. 0-85369-381-1".
• viscosifying agents chosen from those commonly used in the pharmaceutical industry and in particular those disclosed in "Handbook of pharmaceutical excipients - 3 rd Edition, Am. Pharmaceutical Association, Arthur H KIBBE, 2000, ISBN 0917330-96-X. Europe. 0-85369-381-1".
• - water-soluble cellulose derivatives hydroxyethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose, hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose, etc.
• - polyethylene glycol alginates and their derivatives
• the suspension may also be advisable to introduce into the suspension at least one agent modifying the solubility of the active principle in the liquid-solvent phase (preferably aqueous), such as for example salts, sugars, glycerol, etc.
• agent modifying the solubility of the active principle in the liquid-solvent phase preferably aqueous
• these solutes can limit the release of the active ingredient from the microcapsules by lowering the saturation concentration of the active ingredient in the aqueous phase.
• the suspension all the qualities of an oral dosage form, easy to swallow, stable and palatable, it is advantageous that it comprises at least one other additive chosen from the group comprising: surfactants, dyes, dispersing agents , preservatives, flavoring agents, flavorings, sweeteners, antioxidants and their mixtures.
• these additives include those commonly used in the pharmaceutical industry and in particular those disclosed in "Handbook of pharmaceutical excipients - 3 rd Edition, Am. Pharmaceutical Association, Arthur H KIBBE, 2000, ISBN 0917330-96 -X. Europe.
• the active principles used for the preparation of the controlled release suspensions according to the invention can be chosen from at least one of the following large varieties of active substances: antiulcer, antidiabetic, anticoagulant, antithrombic, lipid-lowering, antiarrhythmic, vasodilator, antianginal, antihypertensive , vasoprotectors, fertility promoters, inducers and inhibitors of uterine labor, contraceptives, antibiotics, antifungals, antivirals, anticancer drugs, anti-inflammatories, analgesics, antiepileptics, antiparkinsonians, neuroleptics, hypnotics, anxiolytics, psychostimulants, antimigraine, antidepressants, antitussives, antihistamines or antiallergics.
• the invention applies more particularly to pharmaceutical active principles which must be administered orally, in high doses, for example from 500 to 1000 milligrams or more and to pediatric suspensions.
• the active principle (s) is (are) chosen from the following compounds: pentoxifylline, prazosine, acyclovir, nifedipine, diltiazem, naproxen, ibuprofen, flurbiprofen, ketoprofen, fenoprofen, indomethacin, diclofenac , fentiazac, estradiol valerate, metoprolol, sulpiride, captopril, cimetidine, zidovudine, nicardipine, terfenadine, atenolol, salbutamol, carbamazepine, ranitidine, enalapril, simvastatin, fluoxetine, alprazolam, famotidine, ganciclovirone, ganciclovirone, ganciclovirone perindopril, morphine, pentazocine,, metformin, paracetamol,
• the present invention relates to a medicament characterized in that it comprises suspension of microcapsules of active principle (s) with modified release, as defined above.
• the invention also relates to a medicament, or more exactly a galenical packaging, characterized in that it comprises a kit for preparing the suspension as defined above, which kit comprising:
• microcapsules in substantially dry form containing the active principle (s) to allow saturation of the liquid phase with active principle (s), once the two solid phases have been brought into contact and liquid;
• - And / or a mixture of microcapsules in substantially dry form comprising the dose of active principle (s) just necessary for the modified release as well as a necessary and sufficient quantity of active principle (s) not coated with immediate release, to allow saturation of the liquid phase with active principle (s), once the saturation dose of active principle (s) and the liquid phase have been brought into contact;
• microencapsulation techniques accessible to those skilled in the art, the main ones of which are summarized in the article by C. DUVERNEY and JP BENOIT in "L' due Chimique", December 1986. More specifically, the technique considered is microencapsulation by film coating, leading to individualized "reservoir” systems as opposed to matrix systems.
• Figure 1 shows the initial dissolution profiles and after 10 days of storage of the suspension according to Example 1, in% dissolved (D) as a function of time (t) in hours.
• microcapsules obtained above are placed in 37 ml of phosphate buffer pH 6.8.
• the above suspension is kept for 10 days at room temperature. After 10 days, the suspension is analyzed in dissolution.
• Type 11 device according to the European Pharmacopoeia 3rd edition, phosphate buffer medium pH 6.8, volume 900 ml, temperature 37 ° C, paddle stirring 100 rpm, UV detection 252 nm.
• Step 1 Granulated 45 g of spironolactone, 25 g of PEG 40-hydrogenated castor oil and 30 g of Povidone are dissolved beforehand in a water / acetone / isopropanol mixture (5/57/38 m / m). This solution is then sprayed on 800 g of cellulose spheres (with a diameter between 300 and 500 Dm) in a Glatt GPC-G1 fluidized air bed device.
• Step 2 Coating 50 g of granules obtained previously are coated with 1.44 g of ethylcellulose, 0.16 g of castor oil, 0.64 g of poloxamer 188 and 0.96 g of povidone dissolved in an acetone mixture / isopropanol (60/40 m / m), in a miniGlatt fluidized air bed device.
• the above suspension is stored for 19 days at room temperature. After 19 days, the suspension is analyzed in dissolution.
• Type II device according to the European Pharmacopoeia 3rd edition, phosphate buffer medium pH 6.8, volume 1000 ml, temperature 37 ° C, paddle stirring 100 rpm, UV detection 240 nm.
• Metformin crystals fraction 200-500 ⁇ m are coated with 192.4 g of ethylcellulose, 26 g of castor oil, 26 g of magnesium stearate and 20.8 g of povidone® dissolved in an acetone mixture / isopropanol 60/40 m / m, in a Glatt GPC-G1 fluidized air bed apparatus.
• Product temperature 40 ° C.
• the above suspension is stored for 12 days at room temperature. After 12 days, the suspension is analyzed in dissolution.
• Type II device according to the European Pharmacopoeia 3rd edition, phosphate buffer medium pH 6.8, volume 900 ml, temperature 37 ° C, paddle shaking 100 rpm, UV detection 232 nm.

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