WO1999004057A1 - Procede de fabrication de film fonctionnel mince et appareil correspondant - Google Patents
Procede de fabrication de film fonctionnel mince et appareil correspondant Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1999004057A1 WO1999004057A1 PCT/JP1998/003125 JP9803125W WO9904057A1 WO 1999004057 A1 WO1999004057 A1 WO 1999004057A1 JP 9803125 W JP9803125 W JP 9803125W WO 9904057 A1 WO9904057 A1 WO 9904057A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- functional
- thin film
- functional material
- heating
- evaporating
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/22—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the process of coating
- C23C14/24—Vacuum evaporation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/22—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the process of coating
- C23C14/24—Vacuum evaporation
- C23C14/26—Vacuum evaporation by resistance or inductive heating of the source
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/22—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the process of coating
- C23C14/24—Vacuum evaporation
- C23C14/28—Vacuum evaporation by wave energy or particle radiation
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
- G11B—INFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
- G11B7/00—Recording or reproducing by optical means, e.g. recording using a thermal beam of optical radiation by modifying optical properties or the physical structure, reproducing using an optical beam at lower power by sensing optical properties; Record carriers therefor
- G11B7/24—Record carriers characterised by shape, structure or physical properties, or by the selection of the material
- G11B7/26—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of record carriers
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for forming a functional thin film.
- the functional thin film includes various substances (for example, organic compounds) in order to impart various functions such as recording information, displaying information, adjusting or changing optical characteristics, and converting energy. It means what is attached to the target object in the form of a thin film by vapor deposition. More specifically, a thin film of an organic dye material as an information recording layer formed on a substrate of an optical recording medium, a thin film of a sensitizing material for a photoelectric conversion element formed on a substrate of a solar cell panel, and a photosensitive drum And a thin film of an OPC (Optical Photo Conductivity) material as a charge transport layer.
- OPC Optical Photo Conductivity
- information recording elements such as optical recording media and photosensitive drums
- information display elements such as color filters and thin-film EL (electroluminescence) panels
- energy conversion elements such as solar cells and medical diagnostic elements
- Various functional thin films have been used.
- Each of these thin films is formed by a wet method such as spin coating, or a dry method such as vacuum evaporation or sputtering.
- this recording layer is formed by a wet method in which a solution of an organic dye material is applied to a substrate by spin coating and dried, but in order to obtain a satisfactory optical recording medium, an allowable range of manufacturing conditions is limited. Due to its small size, empirical know-how and skill are required.
- Japanese Patent Publication No. 8-135572 discloses that a molybdenum boat containing a phthalocyanine-based organic dye material is heated to evaporate the organic dye material, and the organic dye material is vapor-deposited on the substrate surface.
- an optical recording medium manufactured by forming a thin film of an organic dye material as a recording layer.
- An example of an apparatus for performing such vapor deposition is disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 7-62249.
- the above-described vacuum deposition method has a problem that bumping and splash frequently occur when an organic dye material in a boat is heated, and a film defect such as a pinhole is easily generated in a formed thin film.
- a problem is not limited to the case where the information recording layer is formed by the vacuum evaporation method, and in order to form other various functional thin films, various substances are evaporated to be applied to the target object. This is a problem that is common when vapor deposition is performed.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a method and an apparatus for forming a uniform functional thin film with reduced defects, preferably substantially eliminated, and with few defects. It should be noted that, in the present specification, an example of forming a recording layer as a functional thin film by vapor-depositing a dye material on a substrate for an optical recording medium will be described. The present invention can be applied to the formation of various other functional thin films. According to the present invention, which achieves the above object, a material for forming a functional thin film (also referred to as a “functional material”) is preferably placed in an evaporating vessel, and is placed under reduced pressure, preferably in a high vacuum.
- the functional material is heated from above and evaporated to form a functional thin film on the substrate. It is characterized by being formed.
- a high-quality functional thin film in which defects such as pinholes are significantly reduced can be formed.
- the functional material is evaporated under reduced pressure and deposited on the target object.
- the present invention also provides a functional thin film forming apparatus for forming a functional thin film by evaporating a functional material under reduced pressure and depositing the functional material on a target object, wherein the material for forming the functional thin film is provided.
- a forming apparatus comprising: an evaporation container to be stored; and a heating means for heating a functional material contained in the evaporation container from above.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram schematically showing an apparatus for forming a functional thin film according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram schematically showing the shape of the upper heater according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram schematically showing an apparatus for forming a functional thin film according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view in a direction perpendicular to the substrate of the optical recording medium obtained according to the embodiment of the present invention.
- Electrode introduction terminal 1 2 ⁇ Electrode introduction terminal, 1 3... Light beam introduction tube, 14 ⁇ Introduction glass window,
- the present invention essentially resides in heating a functional material to be formed on a functional thin film from above when forming a functional thin film.
- the temperature of the upper part of the material for example, the functional material placed in the evaporating vessel, is higher than the temperature of the lower part or the inner part.
- the functional material has the highest temperature at the upper portion, evaporates sequentially from the upper portion, and the functional material evaporates without bumping and splashing.
- the functional material in the evaporation container is heated so that the temperature inside or at the lower portion is higher than that at the upper portion. Evaporation occurs preferentially over the upper part or lower part, and the vaporized material (that is, the generated evaporating molecules) passes through the upper part of the functional material having a lower temperature, so that bumping or splashing occurs. Had occurred.
- the functional thin film is formed by heating under any suitable conditions (heating temperature, operating pressure during heating) according to the functional thin film to be formed, and therefore according to the functional material.
- it can be carried out under reduced pressure, usually under high vacuum.
- a temperature of 100 to 500 ° C. and an operating pressure of 10 to 3 torr or less (specifically, 250 ° C.) C can be carried out in 1 0- 4 torr).
- an operating pressure of 10 to 3 torr or less (specifically, 250 ° C.) C can be carried out in 1 0- 4 torr).
- photosensitive drums 1
- the temperature may be from 0 to 500 ° C. and the operating pressure from 10 to 3 to 10 torr.
- the material for forming the functional thin film is selected according to the intended functional thin film.
- organic dye materials such as metal-containing azo dyes and phthalocyanine dyes may be used.
- the functional material may be phthalocyanine.
- the functional material may be in any form. Before heating, the functional material is usually in the form of a powder formed of fine particles, but may be in the form of a lump.
- the target object on which the functional thin film is formed may be any target object depending on the use of the functional thin film.
- a plastic (for example, polycarbonate) substrate that can transmit light may be used.
- an aluminum base may be used.
- the functional thin film means a relatively thin film exhibiting a predetermined functionality, but its thickness is not particularly limited.
- the thickness is about 0.01 to 1 and Good.
- the evaporating container for storing the functional material may be of any material and structure as long as the functional material can be stored and the stored functional material can be heated from above.
- it may be in the form of a boat or crucible made of metal or ceramic.
- the upper part is at least partially open, most preferably substantially fully open, so that the material that evaporates upon heating (ie, the evaporating molecules) moves out of the evaporation vessel towards the target object. For example, it is preferable not to inhibit the rise.
- Means for heating the functional material is not particularly limited as long as the functional material can be heated from above.
- an auxiliary heating means for preheating the functional material may be used in combination with a means capable of heating the functional material from above until the temperature at which the evaporation of the functional material does not start.
- Such auxiliary heating means may be those conventionally used, for example, means for heating the evaporation container itself.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a first embodiment of a functional thin film forming apparatus of the present invention when viewed from the side.
- This device forms a functional thin film that functions as a recording layer on a substrate for an optical recording medium.
- the base plate 1 and a glass bell jar-type vacuum chamber placed on top of it can be seen clearly.
- the inside of the vacuum chamber 2 is evacuated by a vacuum pump 3 such as a diffusion pump, a cryopump, or a turbo-molecular pump, and is kept in a high vacuum state.
- a vacuum pump 3 such as a diffusion pump, a cryopump, or a turbo-molecular pump
- the distance between the substrate 4 and the evaporation container 8 is about 20 to 30 cm, and the distance between the substrate 4 and the shutter 6 is about 3 to 5 cm.
- the upper heating means 9 and the auxiliary heating means 10 may be means for electrically heating.
- the upper heating means 9 is arranged above the functional material 7 and thus preferentially heats the upper part of the functional material, and the lower part is the functionality of the heated upper part. Heated by heat transfer from the material.
- the film thickness monitor 15 is a general quartz crystal type.
- the substrate 4 is made of a plastic material such as polycarbonate, polyolefin, or polymethyl methacrylate.
- Functional materials 7 include phthalocyanine, naphthalocyanine, squarylium, croconium, pyrylium, naphthoquinone, anthraquinone, xanthene, triphenylenomethane, azulene, tetrahydrocholine, phenanthrene, and trifluorophenol.
- Organic dye materials such as thiazine dyes, polymethine dyes, and azo dyes.
- the shape of the evaporation container 8 is not particularly limited as long as it has a structure that allows evaporated molecules to exit from the evaporation container toward the substrate 4 located above. Generally, a structure in which the top is at least partially open (eg, a boat structure) is preferred.
- the material of the evaporating vessel 8 may be metal or ceramic, and has a heat resistance of about 500 ° C., and outgas (ie, impurity gas) at the time of heating to such an adverse effect. Is not required.
- the upper heating means 9 may be an electrically heated heater made of a high melting point metal material such as tantalum, molybdenum, tungsten or the like, or ceramics, and the heater material preferably has a large emissivity.
- the heater may have any suitable shape. Specifically, the heater shown schematically in Figure 2 Can be used.
- A is a general wire-type heater
- B is a spiral heater in which a wire-type heater is spirally wound
- C is a mesh-type heater having a plurality of large openings.
- D and D are porous heaters having a plurality of (preferably many) through holes in the plate. Among them, plate-shaped porous heater
- the auxiliary heating means 10 is constituted by a nichrome wire type heater, and is designed so that almost no exhaust gas is generated when heat is generated.
- the auxiliary heater can be used to pre-heat the functional material to a temperature at which evaporation starts, or to prevent a drop in the temperature of the functional material after evaporation starts.
- Each heater is connected to the electrode introduction terminals 12a and 12b by lead wires 11a and 11b, respectively. These terminals are connected to a DC or AC heating power supply outside the device.
- a thin film forming method is performed as described below.
- an organic dye material which is a functional material 7 is placed in an evaporation container 8, the substrate 4 is placed so as to be positioned above the vacuum chamber, and the shutter 6 is closed as shown in the figure.
- an electric current is applied to the upper heater 9 to heat the organic dye material from above.
- the current is increased, evaporation starts from the top of the organic dye material.
- the shutter 6 is opened to form a thin film on the substrate 4.
- a functional thin film having a predetermined thickness is formed while observing the film thickness to be deposited by the film thickness monitor 5, the shutter 16 is closed.
- the shutter opening time is, for example, about 1 minute.
- the upper heater 9 When heating the organic dye material using the auxiliary heater 10 within a range where evaporation does not occur before heating using the upper heating heater 9, the upper heater 9 When heating using, the time until the start of evaporation can be shortened, and the evaporation rate can be increased, so that evaporation can be performed efficiently in a shorter time. If the organic dye material is heated from the lower part and evaporated using only the auxiliary heating heater 10, in the case of the fine organic dye material, there is a vacuum space between the particles. The heat conduction from the lower organic dye material particles to the organic dye material particles located above it becomes poor, and as a result, a temperature difference occurs inside and above the organic dye material. Therefore, bumps and splashes are likely to occur because high-temperature, low-temperature evaporated molecules enter the low-temperature upper part.
- the apparatus according to the second embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 3 is similar to the above-described first embodiment, except that the upper heating means is replaced by a light beam introducing cylinder 13 and an introduction glass window instead of the upper heater 9. The difference is that a light beam source 15 provided with 14 and a focusing mechanism 16 is provided.
- the light beam source 15 supplies light energy from the outside of the vacuum chamber 2 to the upper portion of the organic dye material 7 in the vacuum chamber 2, and for example, a nitrogen lamp or the like is used.
- the optical beam source 15 is combined with a light collecting mechanism 16 composed of a concave mirror in order to efficiently use the generated light energy.
- Light generated from the light beam source 15 is applied to the upper part of the functional material 7, and the energy heats that part of the functional material 7.
- the introduction glass window 14 is made of, for example, a quartz plate with low light absorption.
- the light beam introducing tube 13 is additionally provided in the vacuum chamber 2.
- the upper part of the functional material can be heated.
- the thin film forming method using heating by light energy can be performed substantially in the same manner as in the first embodiment, except that the functional material 7 is heated by the light beam source 15.
- the functional material when a functional thin film is formed on a target object, the functional material is heated from above, thereby causing bumping or splashing of the functional material.
- the target object As a result, it is possible to form a uniform functional thin film on the target object without splash, which is a flying object that causes a defect of the thin film, and pinholes, etc., which are the shells of the flying object.
- the present invention will be described more specifically by way of an example in which a functional thin film made of an organic dye material is formed on a substrate for an optical recording medium.
- an optical recording film layer made of a phthalocyanine-based functional material having a thickness of 0.15 ⁇ was formed on a polycarbonate substrate having a thickness of 1.2 mm based on the present invention.
- evaporation starting temperature 3 0 0 ° C of the functional material, degree of vacuum 5 x 1 0- 5 torr) followed by thereon, 0.1 reflective layer of gold // m was formed by sputtering, Thereafter, the substrate was taken out of the vacuum chamber, and a protective film layer 4 made of an ultraviolet curable resin was further formed thereon by a spin coater method at 5 ⁇ to produce an optical recording medium (CD-R).
- FIG. 4 shows a schematic diagram of a cross section of the optical recording medium manufactured as described above.
- the optical recording medium has a phthalocyanine-based optical recording film layer 17 on a polycarbonate substrate 3 on which a spiral group is engraved, and a gold reflection film layer 18 and a purple It has a protective film layer 19 made of an external curing resin.
- a phthalocyanine-based dye material placed in an evaporation vessel (boat type, made of molybdenum) 8 was heated from above (without using the auxiliary heater 110) and evaporated to form a thin film of the dye material on the substrate.
- 30 optical recording media were prototyped. (Example 2)
- 150 pp of electric power is supplied to the auxiliary heater 110 without using the upper heater 9, and the phthalocyanine-based dye material is reduced from below using the auxiliary heater 10 alone.
- 30 optical recording media in which a thin film of a dye material was formed on a substrate by evaporation were prototyped.
- the bit error rate of the optical recording medium obtained as described above was measured, and the number of pinholes having a size of 30 / m or more was obtained in the entire area. The number of discs exceeding the value of 10 was counted.
- bit error rate by-error per 1 sec when composed of 1 7 6 4 0 0 bytes / sec, error one frequency of one byte is equivalent to bit error one rate 5.
- the pinhole irradiates light from the back of the disk and counts the number visually.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Physical Vapour Deposition (AREA)
- Manufacturing Optical Record Carriers (AREA)
- Thermal Transfer Or Thermal Recording In General (AREA)
- Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US09/462,580 US6337105B1 (en) | 1997-07-14 | 1998-07-13 | Method and apparatus for forming thin functional film |
EP98931067A EP0997552B1 (en) | 1997-07-14 | 1998-07-13 | Method and apparatus for forming thin functional film |
DE69826478T DE69826478T2 (de) | 1997-07-14 | 1998-07-13 | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur herstellung von dünnen funktionsfilmen |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP18807997A JP3508484B2 (ja) | 1997-07-14 | 1997-07-14 | 機能性薄膜の形成方法及び形成装置 |
JP9/188079 | 1997-07-14 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO1999004057A1 true WO1999004057A1 (fr) | 1999-01-28 |
Family
ID=16217345
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP1998/003125 WO1999004057A1 (fr) | 1997-07-14 | 1998-07-13 | Procede de fabrication de film fonctionnel mince et appareil correspondant |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6337105B1 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP0997552B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP3508484B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR100330338B1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN1189588C (ja) |
DE (1) | DE69826478T2 (ja) |
TW (1) | TW377438B (ja) |
WO (1) | WO1999004057A1 (ja) |
Cited By (1)
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KR100623374B1 (ko) | 2003-08-18 | 2006-09-18 | 엘지전자 주식회사 | 유기 전계 발광층 증착용 증착원 |
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1997
- 1997-07-14 JP JP18807997A patent/JP3508484B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1998
- 1998-07-13 US US09/462,580 patent/US6337105B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1998-07-13 DE DE69826478T patent/DE69826478T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1998-07-13 EP EP98931067A patent/EP0997552B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-07-13 TW TW087111346A patent/TW377438B/zh active
- 1998-07-13 KR KR1019997012309A patent/KR100330338B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1998-07-13 WO PCT/JP1998/003125 patent/WO1999004057A1/ja active IP Right Grant
- 1998-07-13 CN CNB988068745A patent/CN1189588C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
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Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
KR100623374B1 (ko) | 2003-08-18 | 2006-09-18 | 엘지전자 주식회사 | 유기 전계 발광층 증착용 증착원 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP0997552A4 (en) | 2001-05-02 |
EP0997552B1 (en) | 2004-09-22 |
JP3508484B2 (ja) | 2004-03-22 |
DE69826478T2 (de) | 2005-02-03 |
KR100330338B1 (ko) | 2002-04-01 |
TW377438B (en) | 1999-12-21 |
US6337105B1 (en) | 2002-01-08 |
CN1189588C (zh) | 2005-02-16 |
EP0997552A1 (en) | 2000-05-03 |
KR20010014222A (ko) | 2001-02-26 |
JPH1129854A (ja) | 1999-02-02 |
DE69826478D1 (de) | 2004-10-28 |
CN1261926A (zh) | 2000-08-02 |
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