JP7031938B2 - 正極活物質、その製造方法、これを含む正極および二次電池 - Google Patents
正極活物質、その製造方法、これを含む正極および二次電池 Download PDFInfo
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- JP7031938B2 JP7031938B2 JP2020506142A JP2020506142A JP7031938B2 JP 7031938 B2 JP7031938 B2 JP 7031938B2 JP 2020506142 A JP2020506142 A JP 2020506142A JP 2020506142 A JP2020506142 A JP 2020506142A JP 7031938 B2 JP7031938 B2 JP 7031938B2
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- positive electrode
- active material
- electrode active
- transition metal
- metal oxide
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- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229960003237 betaine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- IAQRGUVFOMOMEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N butene Natural products CC=CC IAQRGUVFOMOMEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 1
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000007942 carboxylates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003093 cationic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000005678 chain carbonates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000006231 channel black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001805 chlorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011294 coal tar pitch Substances 0.000 description 1
- QGUAJWGNOXCYJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt dinitrate hexahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.[Co+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O QGUAJWGNOXCYJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001940 conductive polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004292 cyclic ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009831 deintercalation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001687 destabilization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- IPZJQDSFZGZEOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylmethylene Chemical compound C[C]C IPZJQDSFZGZEOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004862 dioxolanes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- NJLLQSBAHIKGKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipotassium dioxido(oxo)titanium Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-][Ti]([O-])=O NJLLQSBAHIKGKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003487 electrochemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003759 ester based solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N ether Chemical group CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004210 ether based solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- PQVSTLUFSYVLTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl n-ethoxycarbonylcarbamate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)NC(=O)OCC PQVSTLUFSYVLTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002171 ethylene diamines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920001973 fluoroelastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000006232 furnace black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011357 graphitized carbon fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001519 homopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004679 hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000001863 hydroxypropyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010977 hydroxypropyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009830 intercalation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002687 intercalation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010902 jet-milling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003273 ketjen black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005453 ketone based solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006233 lamp black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052745 lead Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XGZVUEUWXADBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-L lithium carbonate Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[O-]C([O-])=O XGZVUEUWXADBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910052808 lithium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000625 lithium cobalt oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GLXDVVHUTZTUQK-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium hydroxide monohydrate Substances [Li+].O.[OH-] GLXDVVHUTZTUQK-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229940040692 lithium hydroxide monohydrate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- GELKBWJHTRAYNV-UHFFFAOYSA-K lithium iron phosphate Chemical class [Li+].[Fe+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O GELKBWJHTRAYNV-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- RSNHXDVSISOZOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium nickel Chemical compound [Li].[Ni] RSNHXDVSISOZOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000686 lithium vanadium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ACFSQHQYDZIPRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;bis(1,1,2,2,2-pentafluoroethylsulfonyl)azanide Chemical compound [Li+].FC(F)(F)C(F)(F)S(=O)(=O)[N-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F ACFSQHQYDZIPRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002696 manganese Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229940071125 manganese acetate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000011565 manganese chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000002867 manganese chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940099607 manganese chloride Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000011564 manganese citrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000014872 manganese citrate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940097206 manganese citrate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- UOGMEBQRZBEZQT-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);diacetate Chemical compound [Mn+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O UOGMEBQRZBEZQT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002905 metal composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004005 microsphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012046 mixed solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003020 moisturizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- PYLWMHQQBFSUBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N monofluorobenzene Chemical compound FC1=CC=CC=C1 PYLWMHQQBFSUBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002823 nitrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002825 nitriles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000005181 nitrobenzenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011301 petroleum pitch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000036 polyvinylpyrrolidone Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001267 polyvinylpyrrolidone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013855 polyvinylpyrrolidone Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- CIBMHJPPKCXONB-UHFFFAOYSA-N propane-2,2-diol Chemical compound CC(C)(O)O CIBMHJPPKCXONB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001384 propylene homopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 108700023468 protein-bound SN-C polysaccharide Proteins 0.000 description 1
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001008 quinone-imine dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004627 regenerated cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007086 side reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920003048 styrene butadiene rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229920005608 sulfonated EPDM Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 1
- BFKJFAAPBSQJPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrafluoroethene Chemical group FC(F)=C(F)F BFKJFAAPBSQJPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006234 thermal black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003568 thioethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004448 titration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000954 titration curve Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- BDZBKCUKTQZUTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethyl phosphite Chemical compound CCOP(OCC)OCC BDZBKCUKTQZUTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021642 ultra pure water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012498 ultrapure water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001935 vanadium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PAPBSGBWRJIAAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N ε-Caprolactone Chemical compound O=C1CCCCCO1 PAPBSGBWRJIAAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Description
[化学式1]
Lia[NibCocM1 dM2 e]O2
(前記化学式1中、M1は、MnおよびAlからなる群から選択される1種以上であり、M2は、Zr、B、W、Mg、Ce、Hf、Ta、La、Ti、Sr、Ba、F、P、S、およびLaからなる群から選択される1種以上であり、0.9≦a≦1.1、0.6≦b<1、0<c≦0.3、0<d≦0.3、0≦e≦0.1である。)
[化学式1]
Lia[NibCocM1 dM2 e]O2
(前記化学式1中、M1は、MnおよびAlからなる群から選択される1種以上であり、M2は、Zr、B、W、Mg、Ce、Hf、Ta、La、Ti、Sr、Ba、F、P、S、およびLaからなる群から選択される1種以上であり、0.9≦a≦1.1、0.6≦b<1、0<c≦0.3、0<d≦0.3、0≦e≦0.1である。)
先ず、リチウム複合遷移金属酸化物を準備する。
Lia[NibCocM1 dM2 e]O2
次に、前記リチウム複合遷移金属酸化物を、洗浄水および界面活性剤を含む洗浄液を用いて水洗する。具体的には、前記水洗は、リチウム複合遷移金属酸化物を洗浄液に投入し、攪拌する方法で行われてもよい。
本発明による製造方法は、水洗が完了した後、必要に応じて、リチウム複合遷移金属酸化物上にコーティング層を形成するステップをさらに行ってもよい。
次に、本発明による正極活物質について説明する。
Lia[NibCocM1 dM2 e]O2
本発明による正極活物質は、二次電池用正極の製造に有用に使用され得る。
Ni0.9Co0.08Mn0.02(OH)2とLiOH・H2Oを1:1.05のモル比で均一に混合した後、740℃で12時間焼成し、リチウム複合遷移金属酸化物LiNi0.9Co0.08Mn0.02O2(D50=10μm)を製造した。
実施例1により製造された正極活物質AとH3BO3を混合した後、300℃で3時間熱処理し、B元素を含むコーティング層が形成された正極活物質Bを取得した。
Ni0.9Co0.08Mn0.02(OH)2とLiOH・H2Oを1:1.05のモル比で均一に混合した後、740℃で12時間焼成し、リチウム複合遷移金属酸化物LiNi0.9Co0.08Mn0.02O2(D50=10μm)を製造した。
比較例1により製造された正極活物質CとH3BO3を混合した後、300℃で3時間熱処理し、B元素を含むコーティング層が形成された正極活物質Dを取得した。
Ni0.9Co0.08Mn0.02(OH)2とLiOH・H2Oを1:1.05のモル比で均一に混合した後、740℃で12時間焼成し、リチウム複合遷移金属酸化物LiNi0.9Co0.08Mn0.02O2(D50=10μm)を製造した。
前記実施例1、2および比較例1~3により製造された正極活物質を水に溶解した後、塩酸で滴定し、正極活物質に含まれたリチウム副生成物の含有量を測定した。測定結果は図1に図示した。
前記実施例1および比較例1により製造された正極活物質10gをホルダーに入れてから、それぞれ4kNおよび20kNの力を加えて圧延した後、粉体専用プローブ(4探針、リング電極)(三菱ケミカル社製、粉体抵抗測定システムMCP‐PD51型)を用いて粉体電気伝導度を測定した。測定結果は下記表2に示した。
前記実施例2および比較例2、3により製造されたそれぞれの正極活物質、カーボンブラック導電材およびPVdFバインダーを、N‐メチルピロリドン溶媒中で重量比で95:2.5:2.5の割合で混合して正極合材(粘度:5000mPa・s)を製造し、これをアルミニウム集電体の一面に塗布してから130℃で乾燥した後、圧延し、正極を製造した。その後、前記正極を用いて、コイン型ハーフセル電池を製造した。
Claims (12)
- 下記の化学式1で表されるリチウム複合遷移金属酸化物を準備するステップと、
前記リチウム複合遷移金属酸化物を、洗浄水および界面活性剤を含む洗浄液を用いて水洗するステップとを含み、
前記洗浄液は、前記洗浄水を、前記リチウム複合遷移金属酸化物100重量部に対して、50重量部以上400重量部未満になるように含み、
[化学式1]
Lia[NibCocM1 dM2 e]O2
前記化学式1中、
M1は、Mnであるか、又は、MnおよびAlであり、
M2は、Zr、B、W、Mg、Ce、Hf、Ta、La、Ti、Sr、Ba、F、P、S、およびLaからなる群から選択される1種以上であり、
0.9≦a≦1.1、0.6≦b<1、0<c≦0.3、0<d≦0.3、0≦e≦0.1である、正極活物質の製造方法。 - 前記洗浄液は、前記界面活性剤を、前記リチウム複合遷移金属酸化物100重量部に対して、0.01~10重量部になるように含む、請求項1に記載の正極活物質の製造方法。
- 前記界面活性剤は、陰イオン(Anion)界面活性剤、陽イオン(cation)界面活性剤および両性(amphoteric)界面活性剤からなる群から選択される1種以上である、請求項1又は2に記載の正極活物質の製造方法。
- 前記水洗するステップは、10分~3時間行われる、請求項1から3のいずれか一項に記載の正極活物質の製造方法。
- 前記水洗するステップの後に、前記リチウム複合遷移金属酸化物の表面にコーティング層を形成するステップをさらに含む、請求項1から4のいずれか一項に記載の正極活物質の製造方法。
- 前記コーティング層を形成するステップは、前記リチウム複合遷移金属酸化物とコーティング原料物質を混合した後、熱処理するステップを含む、請求項5に記載の正極活物質の製造方法。
- 下記の化学式1で表されるリチウム複合遷移金属酸化物を含み、
前記リチウム複合遷移金属酸化物を20kNの力で圧延した後に測定した粉体電気伝導度が0.05S/cm以下であり、
[化学式1]
Lia[NibCocM1 dM2 e]O2
前記化学式1中、
M1は、Mnであるか、又は、MnおよびAlであり、
M2は、Zr、B、W、Mg、Ce、Hf、Ta、La、Ti、Sr、Ba、F、P、S、およびLaからなる群から選択される1種以上であり、
0.9≦a≦1.1、0.6≦b<1、0<c≦0.3、0<d≦0.3、0≦e≦0.1である、請求項1から6のいずれか一項に記載の正極活物質の製造方法で製造された正極活物質。 - 前記正極活物質を4kNの力で圧延した後に測定した粉体電気伝導度が0.02S/cm以下である、請求項7に記載の正極活物質。
- 前記正極活物質のリチウム副生成物の含有量が0.6重量%以下である、請求項7又は8に記載の正極活物質。
- 前記正極活物質は、前記リチウム複合遷移金属酸化物上に、Al、Ti、W、B、F、P、Mg、Ni、Co、Fe、Cr、V、Cu、Ca、Zn、Zr、Nb、Mo、Sr、Sb、Bi、Si、およびSからなる群から選択される1種以上の元素を含むコーティング層を含む、請求項7から9のいずれか一項に記載の正極活物質。
- 請求項7から10のいずれか一項に記載の正極活物質を含む、正極。
- 請求項11に記載の正極と、前記正極と対向して位置する負極と、前記正極と負極との間に介在されるセパレータと、電解質とを含む、二次電池。
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JP2017130414A (ja) | 2016-01-22 | 2017-07-27 | Csエナジーマテリアルズ株式会社 | コートされた複合型リチウムイオン電池用正極活物質及びこれを用いたリチウムイオン電池 |
WO2018016525A1 (ja) | 2016-07-22 | 2018-01-25 | ユミコア | リチウム金属複合酸化物粉末 |
JP2018020949A (ja) | 2016-08-02 | 2018-02-08 | エコプロ ビーエム コーポレイテッドEcopro Bm Co., Ltd. | リチウム二次電池用リチウム複合酸化物及びその製造方法 |
JP2018037372A (ja) | 2016-09-02 | 2018-03-08 | 株式会社豊田自動織機 | リチウムイオン二次電池 |
JP2020516016A (ja) | 2017-03-24 | 2020-05-28 | ユミコア | ガス発生を抑制したリチウム金属複合酸化物粉末 |
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CN111032575B (zh) | 2022-05-27 |
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