JP6854366B2 - 少なくとも1つの物体を光学的に検出する検出器 - Google Patents
少なくとも1つの物体を光学的に検出する検出器 Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01S5/16—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations using electromagnetic waves other than radio waves
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C3/00—Measuring distances in line of sight; Optical rangefinders
- G01C3/32—Measuring distances in line of sight; Optical rangefinders by focusing the object, e.g. on a ground glass screen
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- A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
- A63F—CARD, BOARD, OR ROULETTE GAMES; INDOOR GAMES USING SMALL MOVING PLAYING BODIES; VIDEO GAMES; GAMES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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- G01B11/002—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring two or more coordinates
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Description
物体から検出器に向かって移動する光ビームを検出するように適合され、画素の少なくとも1つのマトリックスを有する、少なくとも1つの光センサと、
光ビームによって照明される光センサの画素数Nを決定するように適合され、光ビームによって照明される画素数Nを使用して物体の少なくとも1つの縦座標を決定するようにさらに適合された、少なくとも1つの評価デバイスとを備える。
w0は空間内を伝播するときの光ビームの最小ビーム径、
z0は光ビームのレイリー長であって、z0=π・w0 2/λであり、λは光ビームの波長である。
物体から検出器へと移動する少なくとも1つの光ビームが、画素のマトリックスを有する検出器の少なくとも1つの光センサによって検出される、少なくとも1つの検出工程と、
光ビームによって照明される光センサの画素数Nが決定され、光ビームによって照明される画素数Nを使用して物体の少なくとも1つの縦座標が決定される、少なくとも1つの評価工程とを含む。
w0は空間内を伝播するときの光ビームの最小ビーム径、
z0は光ビームのレイリー長であって、z0=π・w0 2/λであり、λは光ビームの波長である。
物体から検出器に向かって移動する光ビームを検出するように適合され、画素の少なくとも1つのマトリックスを有する、少なくとも1つの光センサと、
光ビームによって照明される光センサの画素数Nを決定するように適合され、光ビームによって照明される画素数Nを使用して物体の少なくとも1つの縦座標を決定するようにさらに適合された、少なくとも1つの評価デバイスとを備える、検出器。
w0は空間内を伝播するときの光ビームの最小ビーム径、
z0は光ビームのレイリー長であって、z0=π・w0 2/λであり、λは光ビームの波長である、2つの上記実施形態のいずれか1つに記載の検出器。
物体から検出器へと移動する少なくとも1つの光ビームが、画素の少なくとも1つのマトリックスを有する検出器の少なくとも1つの光センサによって検出される、少なくとも1つの検出工程と、
光ビームによって照明される光センサの画素数Nが決定され、光ビームによって照明される画素数Nを使用して物体の少なくとも1つの縦座標が決定される、少なくとも1つの評価工程とを含む、方法。
w0は空間内を伝播するときの光ビームの最小ビーム径、
z0は光ビームのレイリー長であって、z0=π・w0 2/λであり、λは光ビームの波長である、2つの上記実施形態のいずれか1つに記載の方法。
111 カメラ
112 光センサ
114 検出器システム
116 ビーコンデバイス
118 物体
120 人間・機械インターフェース
122 娯楽用デバイス
124 追跡システム
126 評価デバイス
128 コネクタ
130 ハウジング
132 制御デバイス
134 ユーザ
136 切替えデバイス
138 レンズ
140 開口部
142 光学軸
144 視界の方向
146 座標系
148 センサスタック
150 光ビーム
152 マトリックス
154 画素
156 光点
158 センサ表面
160 電流測定デバイス
162 スイッチ
164 データメモリ
166 境界線
168 照明されていない画素
170 照明されている画素
172 トラックコントローラ
174 焦点
176 機械
178 基板
180 第1の電極
182 第1の電極ストライプ
184 感光層
186 接触面積
188 第2の電極
190 第2の電極ストライプ
192 接触面積
194 伝播方向
192 伝播軸
194 中心
196 撮像デバイス
198 飛行時間検出器
200 パルス
202 第1の部分的なビーム通路
204 第2の部分的なビーム通路
206 ビーム分割要素
Claims (27)
- 少なくとも1つの物体(118)の位置を決定する検出器(110)であって、
物体(118)から検出器(110)に向かって移動する光ビーム(150)を検出するように適合され、画素(154)の少なくとも1つのマトリックス(152)を有する、複数の光センサ(112)と、
前記光ビーム(150)によって照明される前記光センサ(112)の画素(154)の数Nを決定するように適合され、前記光ビーム(150)によって照明される前記画素(154)の数Nを使用して前記物体(118)の少なくとも1つの縦座標を決定するようにさらに適合された、少なくとも1つの評価デバイス(126)とを備え、
前記縦座標は、物体(118)の位置を決定するための座標系における光学軸をz軸として、該z軸に沿った座標を意味し、
前記評価デバイス(126)が、前記光ビーム(150)によって照明される前記画素(154)の数Nと前記縦座標との間の所定の関係を使用することによって、前記物体(118)の前記縦座標を決定するように適合されており、及び
前記所定の関係が、
w0は空間内を伝播するときの前記光ビーム(150)の最小ビーム径、
z0は前記光ビーム(150)のレイリー長であって、z0=π・w0 2/λであり、λは前記光ビーム(150)の波長であり、且つ
前記評価デバイス(126)が、各光センサ(112)に対して前記光ビーム(150)によって照明されている前記画素(154)の数N i を、少なくとも1つの隣の光センサ(112)と比較し、それによって前記物体(118)の前記縦座標における曖昧さを解決するように適合された、検出器(110)。 - 前記光センサ(112)が、前記画素(154)それぞれに対する照度を示す少なくとも1つの信号を生成するように適合された、請求項1に記載の検出器(110)。
- 前記評価デバイス(126)が、前記画素が照明されている画素であるか否かを決定するために、前記画素(154)それぞれに関して、信号を少なくとも1つの閾値と比較するように適合された、請求項2に記載の検出器(110)。
- 前記評価デバイス(126)が、前記画素(154)の前記信号を比較することによって前記画素(154)の中で最大強度の照明を有する少なくとも1つの画素を決定するように適合された、請求項3に記載の検出器(110)。
- 前記評価デバイス(126)が、最大強度の照明を有する前記少なくとも1つの画素の前記信号の分数として前記閾値を選ぶようにさらに適合された、請求項4に記載の検出器(110)。
- 前記評価デバイス(126)が、最大強度の照明を有する前記少なくとも1つの画素の信号を係数1/e2で乗算することによって前記閾値を選ぶように適合された、請求項5に記載の検出器(110)。
- 前記所定の関係が、前記光ビーム(150)がガウス光ビーム(150)であるという仮定に基づく、請求項1〜6の何れか1項に記載の検出器(110)。
- n個の光センサ(112)を備え、前記評価デバイス(126)が、前記光センサ(112)それぞれに対して前記光ビーム(150)によって照明されている前記画素(154)の数Niを決定するように適合され、i∈{1,n}がそれぞれの光センサ(112)を示す、請求項1〜7の何れか1項に記載の検出器(110)。
- 前記光センサ(112)の少なくとも1つが透明である、請求項1から8のいずれか一項に記載の検出器(110)。
- 前記光センサ(112)の少なくとも2つが異なるスペクトル感度を有し、前記評価デバイス(126)が、前記異なるスペクトル感度を有する前記光センサ(112)のセンサ信号を比較することによって前記光ビーム(150)の色を決定するように適合された、請求項1から9のいずれか一項に記載の検出器(110)。
- 前記評価デバイス(126)が、画素(154)の前記マトリックス(152)上における前記光ビーム(150)の位置を決定することによって、前記物体(118)の少なくとも1つの横座標を決定するようにさらに適合され、
前記横座標は、前記z軸に対するx軸および/又はy軸に沿った座標を意味する、請求項1から10のいずれか一項に記載の検出器(110)。 - 前記光ビーム(150)を前記光センサ(112)上に案内するように適合された、少なくとも1つの切替えデバイス(136)をさらに備える、請求項1から11のいずれか一項に記載の検出器(110)。
- 前記光センサ(112)が、少なくとも1つの第1の電極(180)と、少なくとも1つの第2の電極(188)と、前記第1の電極(180)と前記第2の電極(188)との間に埋め込まれた少なくとも1つの感光層(184)とを備え、前記第1の電極(180)が複数の第1の電極ストライプ(182)を備え、前記第2の電極(188)が複数の第2の電極ストライプ(190)を備え、前記第1の電極ストライプ(182)が前記第2の電極ストライプ(190)に対して垂直に配向される、請求項1から12のいずれか一項に記載の検出器(110)。
- 少なくとも1つの物体(118)の位置を決定する検出器システム(114)であって、請求項1から13のいずれか一項に記載の少なくとも1つの検出器(110)を備え、少なくとも1つの光ビーム(150)を前記検出器(110)に向かって方向付けるように適合された、少なくとも1つのビーコンデバイス(116)をさらに備え、前記ビーコンデバイス(116)が、前記物体(118)に取付け可能、前記物体(118)によって保持可能、および前記物体(118)に統合可能のうち少なくとも1つである、検出器システム(114)。
- ユーザ(134)と機械(176)との間で少なくとも一項目の情報を交換する人間・機械インターフェース(120)であって、請求項14に記載の少なくとも1つの検出器システム(114)を備え、前記少なくとも1つのビーコンデバイス(116)が、ユーザ(134)に直接または間接的に取り付けられること、および前記ユーザ(134)によって保持されることの少なくとも1つであるように適合され、人間・機械インターフェース(120)が、前記検出器システム(114)を用いて前記ユーザ(134)の少なくとも1つの位置を決定するように設計され、少なくとも一項目の情報を前記位置に割り当てるように設計される、人間・機械インターフェース(120)。
- 少なくとも1つの娯楽機能を実施する娯楽用デバイス(122)であって、請求項15に記載の少なくとも1つの人間・機械インターフェース(120)を備え、少なくとも一項目の情報を、前記人間・機械インターフェース(120)を用いてプレーヤが入力できるように設計され、前記情報に従って娯楽機能を変動するように設計される、娯楽用デバイス(122)。
- 少なくとも1つの可動物体(118)の位置を追跡する追跡システム(124)であって、請求項14に記載の少なくとも1つの検出器システム(114)を備え、少なくとも1つのトラックコントローラ(172)をさらに備え、前記トラックコントローラ(172)が、特定の時点における前記物体(118)の一連の位置を追跡するように適合された、追跡システム(124)。
- 請求項1から13のいずれか一項に記載の少なくとも1つの検出器(110)を備える、少なくとも1つの物体(118)を撮像するカメラ(111)。
- 少なくとも1つの物体(118)の位置を決定する方法であって、
物体(118)から検出器(110)へと移動する少なくとも1つの光ビーム(150)が、画素(154)の少なくとも1つのマトリックス(152)を有する前記検出器(110)の複数の光センサ(112)によって検出される、少なくとも1つの検出工程と、
前記光ビーム(150)によって照明される前記光センサ(112)の画素(154)の数Nが決定され、前記光ビーム(150)によって照明される前記画素(154)の数Nを使用して前記物体(118)の少なくとも1つの縦座標が決定される、少なくとも1つの評価工程とを含み、
前記縦座標は、物体(118)の位置を決定するための座標系における光学軸をz軸として、該z軸に沿った座標を意味し、
前記少なくとも1つの評価工程での少なくとも1つの縦座標の決定で、前記光ビーム(150)によって照明される前記画素(154)の数Nと前記縦座標との間の所定の関係が使用され、及び
前記所定の関係が、
w0は空間内を伝播するときの前記光ビーム(150)の最小ビーム径、
z0は前記光ビーム(150)のレイリー長であって、z0=π・w0 2/λであり、λは前記光ビーム(150)の波長であり、
且つ
前記評価工程が、各光センサ(112)に対して前記光ビーム(150)によって照明されている前記画素(154)の数N i を、少なくとも1つの隣の光センサ(112)と比較し、それによって前記物体(118)の前記縦座標における曖昧さを解決するように適合された、方法。 - 請求項1から13のいずれか一項に記載の検出器(110)を使用することを含む、交通技術における位置測定のための方法。
- 請求項1から13のいずれか一項に記載の検出器(110)を使用することを含む、娯楽のための方法。
- 請求項1から13のいずれか一項に記載の検出器(110)を使用することを含む、セキュリティのための方法。
- 請求項1から13のいずれか一項に記載の検出器(110)を使用することを含む、安全のための方法。
- 請求項1から13のいずれか一項に記載の検出器(110)を使用することを含む、人間・機械インターフェース(120)を提供する方法。
- 請求項1から13のいずれか一項に記載の検出器(110)を使用することを含む、追跡のための方法。
- 請求項1から13のいずれか一項に記載の検出器(110)を使用することを含む、写真のための方法。
- 請求項1から13のいずれか一項に記載の検出器(110)を少なくとも1つの飛行時間検出器(198)と組み合わせて使用することを含む、少なくとも1つの飛行時間測定を行う方法。
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CN110018487A (zh) | 2019-07-16 |
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