JP6478956B2 - 非水電解液二次電池とそのための正極シート - Google Patents
非水電解液二次電池とそのための正極シート Download PDFInfo
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- JP6478956B2 JP6478956B2 JP2016166629A JP2016166629A JP6478956B2 JP 6478956 B2 JP6478956 B2 JP 6478956B2 JP 2016166629 A JP2016166629 A JP 2016166629A JP 2016166629 A JP2016166629 A JP 2016166629A JP 6478956 B2 JP6478956 B2 JP 6478956B2
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- Prior art keywords
- acid
- secondary battery
- positive electrode
- polyaniline
- conductive
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- 239000011255 nonaqueous electrolyte Substances 0.000 title claims description 43
- 229920000767 polyaniline Polymers 0.000 claims description 131
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 108
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 103
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 67
- -1 alkali metal salt Chemical class 0.000 claims description 61
- 229920002125 Sokalan® Polymers 0.000 claims description 53
- 239000004584 polyacrylic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 53
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 45
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 42
- 229920001940 conductive polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 35
- 229910052751 metal Chemical class 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000007774 positive electrode material Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000002184 metal Chemical class 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000010948 carboxy methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000008112 carboxymethyl-cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920001444 polymaleic acid Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000005711 Benzoic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002845 Poly(methacrylic acid) Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000805 Polyaspartic acid Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 108010020346 Polyglutamic Acid Proteins 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000783 alginic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000615 alginic acid Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
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- 229960001126 alginic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000004781 alginic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000010233 benzoic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 108010064470 polyaspartate Proteins 0.000 claims description 2
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- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 95
- RNVCVTLRINQCPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N o-toluidine Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1N RNVCVTLRINQCPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 57
- PAYRUJLWNCNPSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Aniline Chemical compound NC1=CC=CC=C1 PAYRUJLWNCNPSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 47
- 229920000128 polypyrrole Polymers 0.000 description 35
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 28
- 239000002019 doping agent Substances 0.000 description 28
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- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 24
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 23
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 19
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- KAESVJOAVNADME-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyrrole Chemical compound C=1C=CNC=1 KAESVJOAVNADME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 17
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 17
- 239000010953 base metal Substances 0.000 description 17
- 229910003002 lithium salt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 17
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 17
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 17
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
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- WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M Lithium hydroxide Chemical compound [Li+].[OH-] WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 15
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 15
- 229920003048 styrene butadiene rubber Polymers 0.000 description 15
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 13
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- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000002174 Styrene-butadiene Substances 0.000 description 12
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 12
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- 159000000002 lithium salts Chemical group 0.000 description 12
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 12
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
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- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
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- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 7
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- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 7
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
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- MMNWSHJJPDXKCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9,10-dioxoanthracene-2-sulfonic acid Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)C3=CC(S(=O)(=O)O)=CC=C3C(=O)C2=C1 MMNWSHJJPDXKCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene carbonate Chemical compound O=C1OCCO1 KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 5
- 238000004833 X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 5
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- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000010280 constant potential charging Methods 0.000 description 5
- IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl carbonate Chemical compound COC(=O)OC IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910021385 hard carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 5
- 125000000168 pyrrolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 5
- BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 5
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bisulfite Chemical compound OS([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910013063 LiBF 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000001994 activation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 150000001448 anilines Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 description 4
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000123 paper Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000001412 amines Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- ROOXNKNUYICQNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium persulfate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O ROOXNKNUYICQNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000012935 ammoniumperoxodisulfate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
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- 239000012752 auxiliary agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
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- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910001496 lithium tetrafluoroborate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 description 3
- HKOOXMFOFWEVGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenylhydrazine Chemical compound NNC1=CC=CC=C1 HKOOXMFOFWEVGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229940067157 phenylhydrazine Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 229920000191 poly(N-vinyl pyrrolidone) Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920000172 poly(styrenesulfonic acid) Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229940005642 polystyrene sulfonic acid Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 150000003233 pyrroles Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000001878 scanning electron micrograph Methods 0.000 description 3
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- DHKHKXVYLBGOIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-Diethoxyethane Chemical compound CCOC(C)OCC DHKHKXVYLBGOIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MLPVBIWIRCKMJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethylaniline Chemical compound CCC1=CC=CC=C1N MLPVBIWIRCKMJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Butyrolactone Chemical compound O=C1CCCO1 YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorane Chemical compound F KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910013870 LiPF 6 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Malonic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
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- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000004183 alkoxy alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
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- 150000004996 alkyl benzenes Chemical class 0.000 description 2
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- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000003710 aryl alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
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- JXTHNDFMNIQAHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N dichloroacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(Cl)Cl JXTHNDFMNIQAHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 238000002265 electronic spectrum Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 2
- IKDUDTNKRLTJSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrazine hydrate Chemical compound O.NN IKDUDTNKRLTJSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
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- KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium chloride Chemical compound [Li+].[Cl-] KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
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- VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N perchloric acid Chemical compound OCl(=O)(=O)=O VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
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- KMUONIBRACKNSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium dichromate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-][Cr](=O)(=O)O[Cr]([O-])(=O)=O KMUONIBRACKNSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- GEHJYWRUCIMESM-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium sulfite Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])=O GEHJYWRUCIMESM-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- PNGLEYLFMHGIQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;3-(n-ethyl-3-methoxyanilino)-2-hydroxypropane-1-sulfonate;dihydrate Chemical compound O.O.[Na+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)CC(O)CN(CC)C1=CC=CC(OC)=C1 PNGLEYLFMHGIQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
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- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000000542 sulfonic acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
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- JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene-4-sulfonic acid Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(S(O)(=O)=O)C=C1 JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- GBPJFTBEFZCMJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(methoxymethyl)-1h-pyrrole Chemical compound COCC=1C=CNC=1 GBPJFTBEFZCMJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LHHBKYRYNRHXNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-benzyl-1h-pyrrole Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1CC=1C=CNC=1 LHHBKYRYNRHXNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PLXFPCQGPZECLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-ethenyl-1h-pyrrole Chemical compound C=CC=1C=CNC=1 PLXFPCQGPZECLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KEAYXGHOGPUYPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-ethoxy-1h-pyrrole Chemical compound CCOC=1C=CNC=1 KEAYXGHOGPUYPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WEZAHYDFZNTGKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-ethoxyaniline Chemical compound CCOC1=CC=CC(N)=C1 WEZAHYDFZNTGKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RLLBWIDEGAIFPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-ethyl-1h-pyrrole Chemical compound CCC=1C=CNC=1 RLLBWIDEGAIFPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AMKPQMFZCBTTAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-ethylaniline Chemical compound CCC1=CC=CC(N)=C1 AMKPQMFZCBTTAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OTODBDQJLMYYKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-methoxy-1h-pyrrole Chemical compound COC=1C=CNC=1 OTODBDQJLMYYKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FEKWWZCCJDUWLY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-methyl-1h-pyrrole Chemical compound CC=1C=CNC=1 FEKWWZCCJDUWLY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JJYPMNFTHPTTDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-methylaniline Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC(N)=C1 JJYPMNFTHPTTDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AFPHTEQTJZKQAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-nitrobenzoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC([N+]([O-])=O)=C1 AFPHTEQTJZKQAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BNQPUGPPVNNKBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-phenoxy-1h-pyrrole Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1OC=1C=CNC=1 BNQPUGPPVNNKBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LJDRAKFYYGCAQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-phenyl-1h-pyrrole Chemical compound N1C=CC(C=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 LJDRAKFYYGCAQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MUNOBADFTHUUFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-phenylaniline Chemical compound NC1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 MUNOBADFTHUUFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RZVHIXYEVGDQDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9,10-anthraquinone Chemical group C1=CC=C2C(=O)C3=CC=CC=C3C(=O)C2=C1 RZVHIXYEVGDQDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920003026 Acene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylamide Chemical compound NC(=O)C=C HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910017008 AsF 6 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Borate Chemical compound [O-]B([O-])[O-] BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UMNKHZNCEYUZRC-UHFFFAOYSA-N C1(=CC=C(C=C1)C1=CNC=C1C1=CC=C(C=C1)C)C Chemical compound C1(=CC=C(C=C1)C1=CNC=C1C1=CC=C(C=C1)C)C UMNKHZNCEYUZRC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910020366 ClO 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OCC OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethoxyethane Chemical compound COCCOC XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910015015 LiAsF 6 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910013684 LiClO 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910013528 LiN(SO2 CF3)2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910013385 LiN(SO2C2F5)2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910020808 NaBF Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920000557 Nafion® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004642 Polyimide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004734 Polyphenylene sulfide Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003915 air pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia Natural products N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002490 anilino group Chemical group [H]N(*)C1=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002238 attenuated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- SRSXLGNVWSONIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzenesulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 SRSXLGNVWSONIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940092714 benzenesulfonic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940063013 borate ion Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 159000000007 calcium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002134 carbon nanofiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021393 carbon nanotube Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002041 carbon nanotube Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000002915 carbonyl group Chemical group [*:2]C([*:1])=O 0.000 description 1
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- XMPZTFVPEKAKFH-UHFFFAOYSA-P ceric ammonium nitrate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[Ce+4].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O XMPZTFVPEKAKFH-UHFFFAOYSA-P 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005660 chlorination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002180 crystalline carbon material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229960005215 dichloroacetic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- URSLCTBXQMKCFE-UHFFFAOYSA-N dihydrogenborate Chemical compound OB(O)[O-] URSLCTBXQMKCFE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QHGJSLXSVXVKHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dilithium;dioxido(dioxo)manganese Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[O-][Mn]([O-])(=O)=O QHGJSLXSVXVKHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 1
- GVGUFUZHNYFZLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecyl benzenesulfonate;sodium Chemical compound [Na].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 GVGUFUZHNYFZLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- CCIVGXIOQKPBKL-UHFFFAOYSA-M ethanesulfonate Chemical compound CCS([O-])(=O)=O CCIVGXIOQKPBKL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl methyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OC JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003925 fat Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- UQSQSQZYBQSBJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluorosulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(F)(=O)=O UQSQSQZYBQSBJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000578 graft copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen iodide Chemical compound I XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940071870 hydroiodic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002329 infrared spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000010220 ion permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- FBAFATDZDUQKNH-UHFFFAOYSA-M iron chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Fe] FBAFATDZDUQKNH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000003273 ketjen black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940006487 lithium cation Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 159000000003 magnesium salts Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940098779 methanesulfonic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229920000609 methyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001923 methylcellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000007522 mineralic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011812 mixed powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 1
- NALMPLUMOWIVJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n,4-trimethylbenzeneamine oxide Chemical compound CC1=CC=C([N+](C)(C)[O-])C=C1 NALMPLUMOWIVJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007773 negative electrode material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002825 nitriles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920003986 novolac Polymers 0.000 description 1
- VMPITZXILSNTON-UHFFFAOYSA-N o-anisidine Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC=C1N VMPITZXILSNTON-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000033116 oxidation-reduction process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- ATGUVEKSASEFFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N p-aminodiphenylamine Chemical compound C1=CC(N)=CC=C1NC1=CC=CC=C1 ATGUVEKSASEFFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-M perchlorate Chemical compound [O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002989 phenols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229940044654 phenolsulfonic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000000843 phenylene group Chemical group C1(=C(C=CC=C1)*)* 0.000 description 1
- 238000001420 photoelectron spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- OXNIZHLAWKMVMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N picric acid Chemical compound OC1=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C1[N+]([O-])=O OXNIZHLAWKMVMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000323 polyazulene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000414 polyfuran Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006380 polyphenylene oxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000069 polyphenylene sulfide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000123 polythiophene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012286 potassium permanganate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- FVSKHRXBFJPNKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N propionitrile Chemical compound CCC#N FVSKHRXBFJPNKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene carbonate Chemical compound CC1COC(=O)O1 RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- HNJBEVLQSNELDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrrolidin-2-one Chemical compound O=C1CCCN1 HNJBEVLQSNELDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GGCZERPQGJTIQP-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium 2-anthraquinonesulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].C1=CC=C2C(=O)C3=CC(S(=O)(=O)[O-])=CC=C3C(=O)C2=C1 GGCZERPQGJTIQP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- JVBXVOWTABLYPX-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium dithionite Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S(=O)S([O-])=O JVBXVOWTABLYPX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229940080264 sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium hypochlorite Chemical compound [Na+].Cl[O-] SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011697 sodium iodate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940032753 sodium iodate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000015281 sodium iodate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000010265 sodium sulphite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- SDKPSXWGRWWLKR-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;9,10-dioxoanthracene-1-sulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].O=C1C2=CC=CC=C2C(=O)C2=C1C=CC=C2S(=O)(=O)[O-] SDKPSXWGRWWLKR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- KHILLYASAGTPOI-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;9,10-dioxoanthracene-2-sulfonate;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].C1=CC=C2C(=O)C3=CC(S(=O)(=O)[O-])=CC=C3C(=O)C2=C1 KHILLYASAGTPOI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000967 suction filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003460 sulfonic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003115 supporting electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000314 transition metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/62—Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
- H01M4/624—Electric conductive fillers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
- H01M4/137—Electrodes based on electro-active polymers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/362—Composites
- H01M4/366—Composites as layered products
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/60—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of organic compounds
- H01M4/602—Polymers
- H01M4/606—Polymers containing aromatic main chain polymers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/62—Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/62—Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
- H01M4/621—Binders
- H01M4/622—Binders being polymers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/62—Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
- H01M4/624—Electric conductive fillers
- H01M4/626—Metals
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M2004/026—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material characterised by the polarity
- H01M2004/028—Positive electrodes
Description
(スキーム1)
(テトラフルオロホウ酸アニオンをドーパントとする導電性ポリアニリン粉末の製造)
イオン交換水138gを入れた300mL容量のガラス製ビーカーに42重量%濃度のテトラフルオロホウ酸水溶液(和光純薬工業(株)製試薬特級)84.0g(0.402モル)を加え、磁気スターラーにて攪拌しながら、これにアニリン10.0g(0.107モル)を加えた。テトラフルオロホウ酸水溶液にアニリンを加えた当初は、アニリンは、テトラフルオロホウ酸水溶液に油状の液滴として分散していたが、その後、数分以内に水に溶解して、均一で透明なアニリン水溶液となった。このようにして得られたアニリン水溶液は低温恒温槽を用いて−4℃以下に冷却した。
このようにして得られた導電性ポリアニリン粉末のFT−IRスペクトルを図1に示す。2918cm-1はベンゼン環のC−H伸縮振動、1559及び1479cm-1はベンゼン環の延伸伸縮振動、1297及び1242cm-1はC−N変角振動、1122及び1084cm-1はポリアニリンにドープしているテトラフルオロホウ酸に由来するピークである。
上記導電性ポリアニリン粉末130mgを瑪瑙製乳鉢で粉砕した後、赤外スペクトル測定用KBr錠剤成形器を用い,300MPaの圧力下に10分間真空加圧成形して、厚み720μmの導電性ポリアニリンのディスクを得た。ファン・デル・ポー法による4端子法電導度測定にて測定した上記ディスクの電導度は19.5S/cmであった。
ポリアクリル酸(和光純薬工業(株)製重量平均分子量100万)0.1gをイオン交換水3.9gに加え、一夜、静置して、膨潤させた。この後、超音波式ホモジナイザーを用いて1分間処理して溶解させて、2.5重量%濃度の均一で粘稠なポリアクリル酸水溶液4gを得た。
実施例1において、ポリアクリル酸を用いることなく、実施例1で得られた導電性ポリアニリン粉末をそのまま用いて、リチウム二次電池を組み立てた。即ち、宝泉(株)製HSセルに金属リチウム負極とセパレータを組み付け、このセパレータを電解液で湿らせた後、このセパレータ上に所定量の導電性ポリアニリン粉末を付着させて、電池を組み立てた。
負極として、金属リチウムに代えて、エアウォーター(株)製の低結晶性炭素材料であるハードカーボンにリチウムをプリドープしたハードカーボン電極を用いた以外はすべて、実施例1と同様にして、電池を組み立てた。
(還元脱ドープ状態のポリアニリン粉末の製造)
実施例1における導電性ポリアニリンの製造を10倍スケールアップして行って、テトラフルオロホウ酸アニオンがドープされた導電性ポリアニリン粉末を黒緑色の粉末として得た。
本実施例4〜19において用いたポリアニリン粉末の製造について以下に説明し、それらのポリアニリンのODI(oxidation degree index)、即ち、酸化度指数を表3に示す。
実施例1において、アニリン10.0gに代えて、o−トルイジン11.47gを用いた以外は、実施例1と同様にして、テトラフルオロホウ酸アニオンをドーパントとする酸化ドープ状態の導電性ポリ(o−トルイジン)を粉末として得た。これを用いて、実施例1と同様にして、リチウム二次電池を組み立てて、その電池特性を評価した。
(アントラキノン−2−スルホン酸アニオンをドーパントとする導電性ポリピロール粉末の製造)
ピロール25g(0.373モル)をイオン交換水430g に攪拌下に溶解して、5.5重量%水溶液を調製し、これにアントラキノン−2−スルホン酸ナトリウム1水和物30.5g(0.093モル)を溶解した。
上記導電性ポリピロール粉末130mgを錠剤成形器によって加圧成形して、直径13mm、厚み700μmのディスク状成形物を得た。この成形物について、ファン・デル・ポー法にて電導度を測定したところ、10S/cmであった。
上記導電性ポリピロール粉末3gをカーボンブラック(電気化学工業(株)製デンカブラック)0.44gと混合し、これをポリアクリル酸の有するカルボキシル基の半分をリチウム塩化したポリアクリル酸の半リチウム塩の4.5重量%濃度の水溶液24gに加え、スパチュラで混合した後、超音波式ホモジナイザーにて分散処理して分散液を得た。この分散液にイオン交換水5gを加えた後、更に超音波式ホモジナイザーにて分散処理して、ペーストを得た。次いで、このペーストをプライミックス(株)製分散機フィルミックス40−40型を用いて、線速20m/秒で30秒間、高剪断力を用いるマイルド分散処理を行って、粘性のあるペーストを得た。
実施例21において、バインダとしてポリアクリル酸とSBR/CMCのいずれをも用いることなく、実施例21で得られた導電性ポリピロール粉末をそのまま用いて、リチウム二次電池を組み立てた。即ち、宝泉(株)製HSセルに金属リチウム負極とセパレータを組み付け、このセパレータを電解液で湿らせた後、このセパレータ上に所定量の導電性ポリピロール粉末を付着させて電池を組み立てた。
(導電性ポリアニリン粉末を含む正極シートの製造)
実施例1において得た導電性ポリアニリン粉末4.00gを導電性カーボンブラック(電気化学工業(株)製デンカブラック)粉末0.45gと混合し、得られた混合物をポリマレイン酸水溶液(日油(株)製「ノンポールPMA−50W」、ポリマレイン酸50重量%含有)1.43g及び蒸留水16.0gとスパチュラでよく混練した。得られた混練物を超音波式ホモジナイザーにて5分間超音波処理を施した後、プライミックス(株)製分散機フィルミックス40−40型を用い、周速20m/分で30秒間高速攪拌を行って、流動性を有するペーストを得た。このペーストを3分間脱泡処理した。
(還元脱ドープ状態のポリアニリン粉末を含む正極シートの製造)
ポリアクリル酸(和光純薬工業(株)製重量平均分子量100万)4.4gをイオン交換水95.6gに加え、一夜静置して膨潤させた。この後、超音波式ホモジナイザーを用いて1分間処理して溶解させ、4.4重量%濃度の均一で粘稠なポリアクリル酸水溶液100gを得た。
セパレータとしては宝泉(株)より入手したポリプロピレン多孔質膜(セルガード社製、Celgard 2400、厚さ25μm、空孔率38%、通気度620秒/100cm3)を2枚重ねて用いた。負極には本城金属(株)から入手した厚み50μmの金属リチウム箔を用いた。
実施例20において、導電性ポリ(o−トルイジン)の製造を10倍スケールアップして行って、テトラフルオロホウ酸アニオンがドープされた導電性ポリ(o−トルイジン)粉末を黒緑色粉末として得た。
(スチレン−ブタジエン共重合体ゴム(SBR)/ポリ(N−ビニルピロリドン)混合物からなるバインダと還元脱ドープ状態のポリアニリンを含む正極シートを備えたリチウム二次電池の特性)
実施例3において得られた還元脱ドープ状態ポリアニリン粉末4.8gと導電性カーボンブラック(電気化学工業(株)製デンカブラック)粉末0.6gを乾式混合した。別に、SBRエマルジョン(JSR(株)製TRD2001、SBR含有量48重量%)0.37gとポリ(N−ビニルピロリドン)溶液(日本触媒(株)製K−90W、含有量19.8重量%)2.12gを混合し、よく攪拌して、白色水分散液を得た。
(ポリスチレンスルホン酸からなるバインダと還元脱ドープ状態のポリアニリンを含む正極シートを備えたリチウム二次電池の特性)
実施例3において、ポリアクリル酸の半リチウム塩水溶液20.4gに代えて、30重量%濃度のポリスチレンスルホン酸溶液(シグマ−アルドリッチ製試薬)7.5gを用いた以外は、同様にして、HSセルを作製して、リチウム二次電池の特性を評価した。
Claims (3)
- (a)導電性ポリマーと、(b)ポリカルボン酸及びその金属塩から選ばれる少なくとも1種とを含む正極活物質層を集電体上に有する複合体からなる非水電解液二次電池用正極シートにおいて、
上記導電性ポリマーが還元脱ドープ状態のポリマーであり、
上記導電性ポリマーを構成するポリマーがポリアニリン及びポリアニリン誘導体から選ばれる少なくとも1種であり、
上記ポリカルボン酸がポリアクリル酸、ポリメタクリル酸、ポリビニル安息香酸、ポリアリル安息香酸、ポリメタクリル安息香酸、ポリマレイン酸、ポリフマル酸、ポリグルタミン酸、ポリアスパラギン酸、アルギン酸、カルボキシメチルセルロース、及びこれらポリマーの繰り返し単位の少なくとも2種を含む共重合体から選ばれる少なくとも1種の分子中にカルボキシル基を有するポリマーであることを特徴とする非水電解液二次電池用正極シート。 - 前記ポリカルボン酸金属塩がポリカルボン酸アルカリ金属塩及びポリカルボン酸アルカリ土類金属塩から選ばれる少なくとも1種である請求項1に記載の非水電解液二次電池用正極シート。
- 非水電解液リチウム二次電池用である請求項1又は2に記載の非水電解液二次電池用正極シート。
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JP2013232388A (ja) | 2013-11-14 |
US9735423B2 (en) | 2017-08-15 |
EP3057170A1 (en) | 2016-08-17 |
KR101959096B1 (ko) | 2019-03-15 |
CN103765657B (zh) | 2016-11-02 |
KR20190028559A (ko) | 2019-03-18 |
ES2570204T3 (es) | 2016-05-17 |
US20140220438A1 (en) | 2014-08-07 |
JP2018081930A (ja) | 2018-05-24 |
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EP3057170B1 (en) | 2017-04-26 |
US20170317345A1 (en) | 2017-11-02 |
JP2021036529A (ja) | 2021-03-04 |
KR20140039244A (ko) | 2014-04-01 |
CN105958011A (zh) | 2016-09-21 |
CN103765657A (zh) | 2014-04-30 |
JP5999995B2 (ja) | 2016-09-28 |
JP7041329B2 (ja) | 2022-03-24 |
EP2728659A1 (en) | 2014-05-07 |
EP2728659A4 (en) | 2015-01-28 |
EP2728659B1 (en) | 2016-02-24 |
JP2016201373A (ja) | 2016-12-01 |
TW201639224A (zh) | 2016-11-01 |
JP2019083207A (ja) | 2019-05-30 |
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CN105958011B (zh) | 2020-07-03 |
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