JP5324527B2 - 可視性の回折模様を生成せずに栄養素伝達を維持するように構成されたマスク - Google Patents
可視性の回折模様を生成せずに栄養素伝達を維持するように構成されたマスク Download PDFInfo
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- JP5324527B2 JP5324527B2 JP2010141989A JP2010141989A JP5324527B2 JP 5324527 B2 JP5324527 B2 JP 5324527B2 JP 2010141989 A JP2010141989 A JP 2010141989A JP 2010141989 A JP2010141989 A JP 2010141989A JP 5324527 B2 JP5324527 B2 JP 5324527B2
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/14—Eye parts, e.g. lenses, corneal implants; Implanting instruments specially adapted therefor; Artificial eyes
- A61F2/15—Implant having one or more holes, e.g. for nutrient transport, for facilitating handling
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B3/00—Apparatus for testing the eyes; Instruments for examining the eyes
- A61B3/10—Objective types, i.e. instruments for examining the eyes independent of the patients' perceptions or reactions
- A61B3/14—Arrangements specially adapted for eye photography
- A61B3/15—Arrangements specially adapted for eye photography with means for aligning, spacing or blocking spurious reflection ; with means for relaxing
- A61B3/152—Arrangements specially adapted for eye photography with means for aligning, spacing or blocking spurious reflection ; with means for relaxing for aligning
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
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- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/14—Eye parts, e.g. lenses, corneal implants; Implanting instruments specially adapted therefor; Artificial eyes
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- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/14—Eye parts, e.g. lenses, corneal implants; Implanting instruments specially adapted therefor; Artificial eyes
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Description
ピンホール口を有するマスクを使用して、人間の目の焦点深さを改善することができる。上記で検討したように、老眼とは、比較的老齢の成人に一般的に発生する人間の目の問題であり、焦点を合わせる能力が不十分な範囲に制限される。図1から図6は、老眼がいかに目の正常な機能を妨害し、ピンホール口があるマスクがいかに問題を緩和するかを示す。
図7〜図42は、老眼の患者の視力を改善することができるマスクの様々な実施形態を示す。図7〜図42に関して説明するマスクは、以下の記載を除いてマスク34と同様である。したがって、図7〜図42に関して説明するマスクは、マスク34と同様の方法で使用し、患者の目10に適用することができる。例えば、図7は、六角形の形状で形成した口38aを含むマスク34aの実施形態を示す。図8は、八角形の形状で形成した口38bを含むマスク34bの別の実施形態を示す。図9は、楕円形の形状で形成した口38cを含むマスク34cの別の実施形態を示し、図10は、尖った楕円形の形状で形成した口38dを含むマスク34dの別の実施形態を示す。図11は、口38eが星形又は涙形の形状で形成されたマスク34eの別の実施形態を示す。
本明細書で検討する様々なマスクを使用して、老眼患者、更に他の視力問題を有する患者の視力を改善することができる。本明細書で検討するマスクを、LASIK措置との組み合わせで展開し、角膜の剥離、収差及びディボットの効果を解消する。本明細書で開示するマスクは、黄斑変性症で悩む患者を、例えば光線を網膜の無影響部分に配向し、それによって患者の視力を改善することによって治療できるとも考えられ得る。どの治療を想定しても、ピンホール口があるマスクの中心領域と患者の視軸との位置合わせが更に精密になると、患者に対する臨床学的効果が大きくなると考えられる。
マスク34のピンホール口38の中心領域、特に光軸線39と目10の視軸との位置合わせは、様々な方法で達成することができる。以下で更に詳細に検討するように、このような位置合わせは、2つの基準目標物を異なる距離で描像し、第1及び第2基準目標物の像が患者の目で見て位置合わせしたように見える位置に患者の目を移動することによって達成することができる。患者にとって目標物が位置合わせされていると見える場合、患者の視軸の位置が突き止められる。
患者の目10の視軸の位置を適切に突き止め、視軸を視覚的にマーキングする方法について説明してきたので、マスクを目に適用する様々な方法について検討する。
図55は、図43〜図51に関して上記で検討したものと同様の方法で二重目標物固定を使用する外科用システム2000を示す。外科用システム2000によって、外科的措置に関連して患者の目の独特の特徴を識別することができる。外科用システム2000は、下記を除いて眼科用計器1200に類似している。以下で検討するように、一つの配置構成では、外科用システム2000は患者の目の軸線、例えば患者の視線(本明細書では「視軸」と呼ぶこともある)をシステム2000の軸線と位置合わせするように構成される。システム2000の軸線は、それに沿って患者が目を配向できる観察軸線でよい。上記で検討したように、このような位置合わせは、多くの外科的措置で特に有用である。例えば、措置を実行している目の1つ又は複数の構造又は形体の位置を正確に知ることが有利な措置である。
以上のマスクの多くは、患者の焦点深さを改善するために使用することができる。以下では、様々な追加的マスク実施形態について検討する。以下で説明する実施形態の一部は、マスクにおける栄養素の伝達を容易にすることによって近接する組織間の栄養素の流れを向上させるか、維持するように構成された栄養素伝達構造を含む。以下で説明する実施形態の一部の栄養素伝達構造は、近接する組織における栄養素の枯渇を少なくとも実質的に防止するように構成される。栄養素伝達構造は、マスクを角膜に植え込んだ場合に、近接する角膜層にマスクが存在することによるマイナスの効果を低下させ、マスクの寿命を延長することができる。本発明の発明者は、栄養素伝達構造の特定の実施形態が、本明細書で説明するマスクの視力改善効果を妨げる回折模様を生成することを発見した。したがって、本明細書では、回折模様を生成しないか、マスク実施形態の視力向上効果を他の方法で妨げない栄養素伝達構造を含む特定のマスクについて説明する。
上記で検討したように、本明細書で開示したようなマスクを目に適用することによって、様々な技術が患者の治療に特に適している。例えば、幾つかの実施形態では図55の外科用システム2000が、マスクを適用する措置中に、投影した像の形態で医師に視覚的手がかりを提供するマーキングモジュール2024を使用する。また、患者を治療する幾つかの技術は、マーキングした基準点の助けによりインプラントを位置決めすることを含む。このような方法が、図65〜図66Bで図示されている。
12 角膜
14 眼内レンズ
16 網膜
18 視神経
20 中心窩
22 虹彩
24 開口部
26 入射瞳
28 入射瞳
30 回転中心
32 光線
34 マスク
36 環状領域
38 口
39 中心軸
42 第1区域
44 第2区域
46 第3区域
48 切り取り部
50 外周
52 切り取り部
54 切り取り部
56 開口部
58 第1マスク部分
60 第2マスク部分
62 開口部
64 点線
66 微粒子
68 ナナイト
70 バーコード
72 支持束
74 支持束
80 束
82 ピンセット
112 目標基準
1000 第1軸線
1004 第2軸線
1008 目標物
1012 投影レンズ
1016 基準目標物
1020 平行ビーム
1024 距離
1028 距離
1032 光軸線
1036 像
1040 有限距離
1044 レチクル
1048 拡散板
1052 集光レンズ
1056 光線
1060 キューブ
1064 十字
1068 十字
1072 円
1076 円
1200 計器
1202 ハウジング
1206 光学システム
1208 第1基準目標物
1210 第2基準目標物
1212 投影レンズ
1213 計器軸線
1214 第1ガラスレチクル
1216 第1距離
1218 第2ガラスレチクル
1220 第2距離
1220 光源
1222 光源
1224 キューブ
1232 スペーサ
1234 パッド
1236 距離
1238 内腔
1300 ステップ
1310 ステップ
1320 ステップ
1330 ステップ
1340 ステップ
1400 マスク
1410 上皮シート
1415 窪み
1430 最上層
1440 支質
1500 マスク
1510 上皮シート
1515 窪み
1520 ボーマン膜
1530 最上層
1540 支質
2000 外科用システム
2004 外科用観察器具
2008 位置合わせ器具
2020 位置合わせモジュール
2024 マーキングモジュール
2028 像捕捉モジュール
2032 制御器具
2036 コンピュータ
2040 信号線
2042 トリガ
2050 軸線
2052 軸線
2056 目標物
2060 第2目標物
2064 目
2068 距離
2072 視軸
2076 光路
2080 ビーム分割器
2081 位置合わせ目標物
2082 第1表面
2083 第2表面
2084 距離
2085 第1パターン
2086 第2パターン
2090 目標物照明装置
2094 矢印
2098 矢印
2102 ビーム分割器
2106 矢印
2120 マーキング目標物
2124 マーキング目標物照明装置
2128 軸線
2132 矢印
2140 ビーム分割器
2144 矢印
2148 矢印
2200 カメラ
2204 表示器具
2208 矢印
2212 像捕捉軸線
2216 矢印
2220 距離
2224 距離
2400 外科用システム
2404 位置合わせ器具
2408 取り付け具
2412 クランプ
2416 高度調節機構
2420 第1側部分
2424 第2側部分
2426 締め付け機構
2428 第1弓形内面
2432 第2弓形内面
2440 ブラケット
2444 スペーサ
2460 ノブ
2464 ラックピニオンギア結合部
2500 照明装置制御器具
2504 位置合わせモジュール
2508 マーキングモジュール
2512 像経路指示モジュール
2520 ハウジング
2524 第1端
2528 第2端
2532 本体
2536 軸線
2540 端板
2560 目標物照明装置
2564 電力ケーブル
2568 ノブ
2572 オンオフスイッチ
2592 第1目標物
2596 第2目標物
2600 レンズ
2612 目標物調節器具
2616 支持部材
2620 レンズ取り付け具
2624 目標物取り付け具
2628 ノブ
2640 急速解除機構
2642 ハウジング
2644 第1端
2648 第2端
2652 端板
2656 第1部分
2660 第2部分
2680 マーキング目標物照明装置
2684 マーキング目標物
2688 電力ケーブル
2692 輝度制御ノブ
2696 オンオフスイッチ
2718 取り付け具
2720 ハウジング
2728 第1光学器具
2732 第2光学器具
2736 表面
2740 第3光学器具
2744 枠
3000 マスク
3004 本体
3008 前面
3012 後面
3016 栄養素伝達構造
3020 孔
3024 外周
3028 口
3032 非透過性部分
3036 軸線
3038 厚さ
3060 孔入口
3064 孔出口
3072 孔ピッチ
4000 マスク
4004 本体
4008 前面
4016 伝達構造
4020 孔
4060 孔入口
4062 切子面
4200 マスク
4204 本体
4205 外周領域
4206 内周領域
4207 孔領域
4216 栄養素伝達構造
4220 孔
4224 外周
4225 外周
4226 内周
4227 内周
4228 口
4300 マスク
4304 本体
4308 前面
4312 後面
4316 栄養素伝達構造
4320 孔
4336 マスク軸線
4360 孔入口
4364 孔出口
4366 伝達軸線
4400 マスク
4404 本体
4408 前面
4410 第1マスク層
4412 後面
4414 第2マスク層
4415 第3層
4416 栄養素伝達構造
4420 孔
4466 伝達軸線
5000 インプラント
5004 角膜
5008 角膜皮弁
5012 基準点
5016 表面
5020 支持部
5024 表面
5100 インプラント
5104 角膜
5108 角膜ポケット
5112 基準点
Claims (14)
- 患者の焦点深さを増大させるように構成されたマスクを含んでなる眼球内装置において、前記マスクは、
外周部と当該マスクの開口部との間に延在する前面と、
前記外周部と前記マスクの開口部との間に延在する後面と、
を含んでなり、前記開口部は、光軸線に沿って実質的に全ての可視入射光を伝送するように構成され、
さらに、可視光に対して実質的に不透明で、前記開口部の少なくとも一部を囲むように構成された部分と、
実質的に不透明な前記部分に配置され、前記前面と前記後面との間に少なくとも部分的に延在する複数の孔と、
を含んでなり、
前記複数の孔により生じる可視回折パターンを発生させる傾向を減少させるように、前記複数の孔のサイズ、形、方向、間隔の一つ以上が不均一に形成されたことを特徴とする眼球内装置。 - 前記複数の孔のそれぞれが、近接する孔から少なくとも20ミクロン以上離れていることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の眼球内装置。
- 前記不透明な部分は、前記外周部と前記開口部との間に延在し、前記不透明な部分は、内部領域と、外部領域と、該内部領域と外部領域との間に位置する中央領域と、を含んでなり、前記内部領域には複数の孔が配置されておらず、前記内部領域は、内周部から0.050ミリメートルだけ半径外方向に延在していることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の眼球内装置。
- 前記不透明な部分は、前記外周部と前記開口部との間に延在し、前記不透明な部分は、内部領域と、外部領域と、該内部領域と外部領域との間に位置する中央領域と、を含んでなり、前記内部領域には複数の孔が配置されておらず、前記内部領域は、前記開口部から前記中央領域に延在する環状バンドを含んでなることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の眼球内装置。
- 前記不透明な部分は、前記外周部と前記開口部との間に延在し、前記不透明な部分は、内部領域と、外部領域と、該内部領域と外部領域との間に位置する中央領域と、を含んでなり、前記外部領域には複数の孔が配置されておらず、前記外部領域は、前記外周部から0.050ミリメートルだけ半径内方向に延在していることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の眼球内装置。
- 前記不透明な部分は、前記外周部と前記開口部との間に延在し、前記不透明な部分は、内部領域と、外部領域と、該内部領域と外部領域との間に位置する中央領域と、を含んでなり、前記外部領域には複数の孔が配置されておらず、前記外部領域は、前記外周部から前記中央領域の外側部分に延在する環状バンドを含んでなることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の眼球内装置。
- 前記不透明な部分は、前記外周部と前記開口部との間に延在し、前記不透明な部分は、内部領域と、外部領域と、該内部領域と外部領域との間に位置する中央領域と、を含んでなり、前記内部領域には複数の孔が配置されておらず、前記内部領域は、内周部から0.050ミリメートルだけ半径外方向に延在していることを特徴とする請求項6に記載の眼球内装置。
- 前記不透明な部分は、前記外周部と前記開口部との間に延在し、前記不透明な部分は、内部領域と、外部領域と、該内部領域と外部領域との間に位置する中央領域と、を含んでなり、前記内部領域には複数の孔が配置されておらず、前記内部領域は、前記開口部から前記中央領域に延在する環状バンドを含んでなることを特徴とする請求項6に記載の眼球内装置。
- 前記前面と後面との間の厚さが、約5ミクロン〜約10ミクロンの間で規定されていることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の眼球内装置。
- 異なる不透明性を備えた複数のサブ領域(42、44、46)を更に含んでなることを特徴とする請求項1〜9のいずれか一項に記載の眼球内装置。
- 前記マスクの不透明性が、第1の領域(42)から該第1の領域の外に広がる第2の領域(44)へ、徐々に進行的に増加していることを特徴とする請求項10に記載の眼球内装置。
- 前記マスクの不透明性が、第1の環状サブ領域から該第1の環状サブ領域の周りに配置された第2の環状サブ領域へ、徐々に進行的に減少していることを特徴とする請求項10に記載の眼球内装置。
- 前記複数の孔の配置を修正することによって、異なる不透明性が達成されることを特徴とする請求項10〜12のいずれか一項に記載の眼球内装置。
- 眼球内レンズをさらに含んでなることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の眼球内装置。
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US60/479,129 | 2003-06-17 |
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JP2010141989A Active JP5324527B2 (ja) | 2003-05-28 | 2010-06-22 | 可視性の回折模様を生成せずに栄養素伝達を維持するように構成されたマスク |
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EP (2) | EP1635739B1 (ja) |
JP (2) | JP4689615B2 (ja) |
AT (1) | ATE524137T1 (ja) |
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