JP4703402B2 - 脂肪族ポリエステル樹脂組成物、その製造方法、前記樹脂組成物からなる成形体及び発泡体 - Google Patents
脂肪族ポリエステル樹脂組成物、その製造方法、前記樹脂組成物からなる成形体及び発泡体 Download PDFInfo
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- JP4703402B2 JP4703402B2 JP2005511103A JP2005511103A JP4703402B2 JP 4703402 B2 JP4703402 B2 JP 4703402B2 JP 2005511103 A JP2005511103 A JP 2005511103A JP 2005511103 A JP2005511103 A JP 2005511103A JP 4703402 B2 JP4703402 B2 JP 4703402B2
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- polyester resin
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- resin composition
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- aliphatic polyester
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- YWWNNLPSZSEZNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-dimethyldecan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCN(C)C YWWNNLPSZSEZNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NHLUVTZJQOJKCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-dimethylhexadecan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCN(C)C NHLUVTZJQOJKCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- ATQZPTJEJUAUPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-octadecyl-n'-phenylmethanediimine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCN=C=NC1=CC=CC=C1 ATQZPTJEJUAUPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HKUFIYBZNQSHQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-octadecyloctadecan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCNCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC HKUFIYBZNQSHQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- UQDJGEHQDNVPGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N serine phosphoethanolamine Chemical compound [NH3+]CCOP([O-])(=O)OCC([NH3+])C([O-])=O UQDJGEHQDNVPGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002453 shampoo Substances 0.000 description 1
- RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicic acid Chemical compound O[Si](O)(O)O RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229910001388 sodium aluminate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium aluminosilicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 1
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- BJQWBACJIAKDTJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrabutylphosphanium Chemical compound CCCC[P+](CCCC)(CCCC)CCCC BJQWBACJIAKDTJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CBXCPBUEXACCNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraethylammonium Chemical compound CC[N+](CC)(CC)CC CBXCPBUEXACCNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SZWHXXNVLACKBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraethylphosphanium Chemical compound CC[P+](CC)(CC)CC SZWHXXNVLACKBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- FAUOSXUSCVJWAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrakis(hydroxymethyl)phosphanium Chemical compound OC[P+](CO)(CO)CO FAUOSXUSCVJWAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920005992 thermoplastic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- IMFACGCPASFAPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N tributylamine Chemical compound CCCCN(CCCC)CCCC IMFACGCPASFAPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PDSVZUAJOIQXRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethyl(octadecyl)azanium Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)C PDSVZUAJOIQXRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007666 vacuum forming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010455 vermiculite Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 235000019354 vermiculite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
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- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011667 zinc carbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000004416 zinc carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000010 zinc carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L67/00—Compositions of polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L67/04—Polyesters derived from hydroxycarboxylic acids, e.g. lactones
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F290/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers modified by introduction of aliphatic unsaturated end or side groups
- C08F290/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers modified by introduction of aliphatic unsaturated end or side groups on to polymers modified by introduction of unsaturated end groups
- C08F290/06—Polymers provided for in subclass C08G
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F290/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers modified by introduction of aliphatic unsaturated end or side groups
- C08F290/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers modified by introduction of aliphatic unsaturated end or side groups on to polymers modified by introduction of unsaturated end groups
- C08F290/06—Polymers provided for in subclass C08G
- C08F290/061—Polyesters; Polycarbonates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/42—Polycondensates having carboxylic or carbonic ester groups in the main chain
- C08G18/4266—Polycondensates having carboxylic or carbonic ester groups in the main chain prepared from hydroxycarboxylic acids and/or lactones
- C08G18/428—Lactides
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G63/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G63/91—Polymers modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08G63/912—Polymers modified by chemical after-treatment derived from hydroxycarboxylic acids
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/54—Silicon-containing compounds
- C08K5/541—Silicon-containing compounds containing oxygen
- C08K5/5415—Silicon-containing compounds containing oxygen containing at least one Si—O bond
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G2101/00—Manufacture of cellular products
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G2230/00—Compositions for preparing biodegradable polymers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
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- C08L2201/06—Biodegradable
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Biological Depolymerization Polymers (AREA)
- Polyesters Or Polycarbonates (AREA)
- Polyurethanes Or Polyureas (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Porous Articles, And Recovery And Treatment Of Waste Products (AREA)
Description
すなわち、本発明の要旨は下記の通りである。
(2)生分解性ポリエステル樹脂(A)100質量部あたり、架橋剤(B)が0.01〜10質量部配合されている(1)の脂肪族ポリエステル樹脂組成物。
(3)生分解性ポリエステル樹脂(A)が、L−乳酸単位、D−乳酸単位又はこれらの共重合体あるいは混合物を主体とするものであることを特徴とする(1)又は(2)の脂肪族ポリエステル樹脂組成物。
(4)生分解性ポリエステル樹脂(A)100質量部あたり、層状珪酸塩を0.05〜30質量部含むものである(1)〜(3)のいずれかの脂肪族ポリエステル樹脂組成物。
(5)α−及び/またはβ−ヒドロキシカルボン酸単位を主体とする生分解性ポリエステル樹脂(A)のカルボキシル基の一部または全部が、樹脂(A)100質量部に対して0.01〜20質量部の末端封鎖剤(C)により封鎖されており、さらに、樹脂(A)が、(メタ)アクリル酸エステル化合物と多価イソシアネート化合物とから選ばれる1種以上の架橋剤(B)と、過酸化物とにより架橋され、末端封鎖剤(C)が、芳香族カルボジイミド化合物もしくはこれら化合物の重合体(重合度は2〜20)またはシクロヘキサン環等の飽和環状構造を有したカルボジイミド化合物もしくはこれら化合物の重合体(重合度は2〜20)である脂肪族ポリエステル樹脂組成物を製造するための方法であって、生分解性ポリエステル樹脂(A)と末端封鎖剤(C)とを混合し、次いで、この混合物に架橋剤(B)と、過酸化物とを混合することを特徴とする脂肪族ポリエステル樹脂組成物の製造方法。
(6)(1)〜(4)のいずれかの脂肪族ポリエステル樹脂組成物からなる成形体または発泡体。
本発明に用いる生分解性ポリエステル樹脂(A)は、α−及び/又はβ−ヒドロキシカルボン酸単位を主体とするものである。α−及び/又はβ−ヒドロキシカルボン酸単位の例としては、L−乳酸、D−乳酸、グリコール酸、3−ヒドロキシ酪酸、3−ヒドロキシ吉草酸、3−ヒドロキシカプロン酸が挙げられ、なかでも、工業的に大量生産が可能な点から、L−乳酸、D−乳酸またはこれらの混合物であることが好ましい。
下記の実施例及び比較例の評価に用いた測定法は、次のとおりである。
ポリ乳酸の重量平均分子量は、示差屈折率検出器を備えたゲル浸透クロマトグラフィ(GPC)装置(島津製作所社製)を用いて、テトラヒドロフランを溶出液として40℃で測定し、標準ポリスチレン換算で表した。サンプルは、クロロホルムに溶解後、THFで希釈した。
ASTM−790に準じて150mm×10mm×3.2mmの試験片を作製し、変形速度1mm/分で荷重をかけ、曲げ破断強度を測定した。
JIS K7210に従い、附属書A表1のDの条件(荷重21.2N、試験温度190℃)にて測定した。
DSC装置(パーキンエルマー社製Pyrisl DSC)を用い、試料を20℃から200℃まで昇温速度+500℃/分で昇温し、その後、200℃で5分間保持し、さらに200℃から130℃まで降温速度−500℃/分で降温し、その後、130℃で保持し結晶化させた。図1のグラフのように、最終的に到達する結晶化度(θ)を1としたとき、結晶化度が0.5に達した時間を結晶化速度指数(分)として求めた。
樹脂0.15gを塩化メチレン20mlに溶解し、指示薬(フェノールレッド)を加え、0.1N KOH溶液で滴定した。
射出成形装置(東芝機械社製IS−100E)を用い、離型カップ金型(直径38mm、高さ300mm)に射出成形を行い(成形温度200℃、金型温度110℃)、良好にカップが離型出来るまでの最短のサイクル時間を調べた。
恒温恒湿器(ヤマト科学社製IW221型)を用い、ASTM−790に準じた150mm×10mm×3.2mmの試験片及びペレットを、温度60℃、湿度95%の環境下に15〜30日間保存し、試験片は曲げ破断強度を測定し、ペレットは50℃で50時間真空乾燥してからMFRを測定した。曲げ破断強度については、当初の値に対する比率を保持率(%)として評価した。
A.生分解性ポリエステル樹脂
・樹脂A:ポリ乳酸(重量平均分子量20万、L体99%、D体1%、融点168℃、MFR3g/10分)
・樹脂B:樹脂A(ポリ乳酸)とテレフタル酸/アジピン酸/1,4−ブタンジオール共重合体(融点108℃、MFR5g/10分)の90/10(質量比)のブレンド物
(1)(メタ)アクリル酸エステル化合物
・PEGDM:ポリエチレングリコールジメタクリレート(日本油脂社製、エチレングリコールの重合度;4)
・EGDM:エチレングリコールジメタクリレート(日本油脂社製)
・DEGDM:ジエチレングリコールジメタクリレート(日本油脂社製)
(2)多価イソシアネート化合物
・HMDI:ヘキサメチレンジイソシアネート(ナカライ化学社製)
架橋助剤は、ジ−t−ブチルパーオキサイド(日本油脂社製)を用いた。
・CDI:N,N′−ジ−2,6−ジイソプロピルフェニルカルボジイミド(バイエル社製スタバクゾールI)
・CDP:芳香族ポリカルボジイミド(バイエル社製スタバクゾールP)
・CDC:ポリシクロヘキシル系カルボジイミド(日清紡社製LA−1)
・EPX:p−t−ブチルフェニルグリシジルエーテル(ナガセ化成社製デナコールEX−146)
・EX:エチレングリコールジグリシジルエーテル(ナガセ化成社製デナコールEX−810)
・OXZ:2,2′−m−フェニレンビス(2−オキサゾリン)(東京化成工業社製)
・SBN−E:層間イオンがトリメチルオクタデシルアンモニウムイオンで置換されたモンモリロナイト(ホージュン社製、平均粒径2.5μm)
・MEE:層間イオンがジヒドロキシエチルメチルドデシルアンモニウムイオンで置換された合成フッ素雲母(コープケミカル社製、平均粒径6.3μm)
二軸押出機(池貝社製PCM−30、ダイス直径4mm×3孔、押出ヘッド温度210℃、ダイ出口温度190℃)に、樹脂A100質量部と末端封鎖剤CDI0.8質量部とをドライブレンドしたものをホッパーより供給した。混練機途中から、ポンプを用いて、PEGDM0.2質量部と架橋助剤0.4質量部とを可塑剤アセチルトリブチルクエン酸1質量部に溶解した溶液を注入し、押出し、ペレット状に加工し、乾燥して、脂肪族ポリエステル樹脂組成物を得た。得られた組成物の物性と耐加水分解性の評価結果を表1に示す。
生分解性ポリエステル樹脂、架橋剤、層状珪酸塩、及び末端封鎖剤をそれぞれ表1に示す種類と量に変えた。そして、それ以外は実施例1と同様にして組成物を得、評価した。その結果を表1に示す。実施例5、6、8、9、11、比較例4、8、9における層状珪酸塩の添加方法は、生分解性ポリエステル樹脂と層状珪酸塩をドライブレンドしホッパーから供給する方法を採用した。
実施例1〜15で用いたものと同じ二軸押出機に、樹脂A100質量部をホッパーより供給した。そして、混練機途中の第一添加口(ホッパーに最も近い添加口)から、ポンプを用いて、PEGDM0.2質量部と架橋助剤0.4質量部とを可塑剤アセチルトリブチルクエン酸1質量部に溶解した溶液を注入し、第二添加口より末端封鎖剤CDI1.5質量部をフィーダーで添加し、押出し、ペレット状に加工し、乾燥して、脂肪族ポリエステル樹脂組成物を得た。その結果を表1に示す。
すなわち、実施例2と比較例1とを対比すると、実施例2ではポリ乳酸がPEGDMによって架橋されているため、比較例1に対して結晶化速度、射出成形サイクルが著しく速くなっていることがわかる。また、末端封鎖剤は同種同量であるのに耐加水分解性は実施例2の方が優れていた。よって単に樹脂を末端封鎖した物より、末端封鎖と架橋を組み合わせた方が高温高湿下での物性保持に優れていることが分かった。
Claims (6)
- α−及び/またはβ−ヒドロキシカルボン酸単位を主体とする生分解性ポリエステル樹脂(A)のカルボキシル基の一部または全部が、樹脂(A)100質量部に対して0.01〜20質量部の末端封鎖剤(C)により封鎖されており、さらに、樹脂(A)が、(メタ)アクリル酸エステル化合物と多価イソシアネート化合物とから選ばれる1種以上の架橋剤(B)と、過酸化物とにより架橋されている脂肪族ポリエステル樹脂組成物であり、樹脂(A)に対して、先に末端封鎖剤(C)を添加して混練しておき、後から架橋剤(B)と過酸化物とを添加して混練することにより得られたものであり、末端封鎖剤(C)が、芳香族カルボジイミド化合物もしくはこれら化合物の重合体(重合度は2〜20)またはシクロヘキサン環等の飽和環状構造を有したカルボジイミド化合物もしくはこれら化合物の重合体(重合度は2〜20)であることを特徴とする脂肪族ポリエステル樹脂組成物。
- 生分解性ポリエステル樹脂(A)100質量部あたり、架橋剤(B)が0.01〜10質量部配合されている請求項1記載の脂肪族ポリエステル樹脂組成物。
- 生分解性ポリエステル樹脂(A)が、L−乳酸単位、D−乳酸単位又はこれらの共重合体あるいは混合物を主体とするものであることを特徴とする請求項1又は2記載の脂肪族ポリエステル樹脂組成物。
- 生分解性ポリエステル樹脂(A)100質量部あたり、層状珪酸塩(D)を0.05〜30質量部含むものである請求項1から3までのいずれかに記載の脂肪族ポリエステル樹脂組成物。
- α−及び/またはβ−ヒドロキシカルボン酸単位を主体とする生分解性ポリエステル樹脂(A)のカルボキシル基の一部または全部が、樹脂(A)100質量部に対して0.01〜20質量部の末端封鎖剤(C)により封鎖されており、さらに、樹脂(A)が、(メタ)アクリル酸エステル化合物と多価イソシアネート化合物とから選ばれる1種以上の架橋剤(B)と、過酸化物とにより架橋され、末端封鎖剤(C)が、芳香族カルボジイミド化合物もしくはこれら化合物の重合体(重合度は2〜20)またはシクロヘキサン環等の飽和環状構造を有したカルボジイミド化合物もしくはこれら化合物の重合体(重合度は2〜20)である脂肪族ポリエステル樹脂組成物を製造するための方法であって、生分解性ポリエステル樹脂(A)と末端封鎖剤(C)とを混合し、次いで、この混合物に架橋剤(B)と、過酸化物とを混合することを特徴とする脂肪族ポリエステル樹脂組成物の製造方法。
- 請求項1から4までのいずれかに記載の脂肪族ポリエステル樹脂組成物からなる成形体または発泡体。
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TWI263652B (en) | 2006-10-11 |
CN100396720C (zh) | 2008-06-25 |
KR20060082793A (ko) | 2006-07-19 |
EP1640406A1 (en) | 2006-03-29 |
US7351772B2 (en) | 2008-04-01 |
US20060276617A1 (en) | 2006-12-07 |
JPWO2005000946A1 (ja) | 2006-08-03 |
TW200500416A (en) | 2005-01-01 |
EP1640406A4 (en) | 2008-01-23 |
WO2005000946A1 (ja) | 2005-01-06 |
CN1805999A (zh) | 2006-07-19 |
KR101079181B1 (ko) | 2011-11-02 |
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