JP4658129B2 - 鋳型、鋳型の製造方法及びシートの製造方法 - Google Patents
鋳型、鋳型の製造方法及びシートの製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP4658129B2 JP4658129B2 JP2007534399A JP2007534399A JP4658129B2 JP 4658129 B2 JP4658129 B2 JP 4658129B2 JP 2007534399 A JP2007534399 A JP 2007534399A JP 2007534399 A JP2007534399 A JP 2007534399A JP 4658129 B2 JP4658129 B2 JP 4658129B2
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- mold
- oxide film
- aluminum
- meth
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Classifications
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- B29C59/02—Surface shaping of articles, e.g. embossing; Apparatus therefor by mechanical means, e.g. pressing
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- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
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- C25D1/006—Nanostructures, e.g. using aluminium anodic oxidation templates [AAO]
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
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- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D11/00—Electrolytic coating by surface reaction, i.e. forming conversion layers
- C25D11/02—Anodisation
- C25D11/04—Anodisation of aluminium or alloys based thereon
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- G02B1/10—Optical coatings produced by application to, or surface treatment of, optical elements
- G02B1/11—Anti-reflection coatings
- G02B1/118—Anti-reflection coatings having sub-optical wavelength surface structures designed to provide an enhanced transmittance, e.g. moth-eye structures
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C59/00—Surface shaping of articles, e.g. embossing; Apparatus therefor
- B29C59/02—Surface shaping of articles, e.g. embossing; Apparatus therefor by mechanical means, e.g. pressing
- B29C59/022—Surface shaping of articles, e.g. embossing; Apparatus therefor by mechanical means, e.g. pressing characterised by the disposition or the configuration, e.g. dimensions, of the embossments or the shaping tools therefor
- B29C2059/023—Microembossing
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- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C35/00—Heating, cooling or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanising; Apparatus therefor
- B29C35/02—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould
- B29C35/08—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation
- B29C35/0888—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation using transparant moulds
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C37/00—Component parts, details, accessories or auxiliary operations, not covered by group B29C33/00 or B29C35/00
- B29C37/0067—Using separating agents during or after moulding; Applying separating agents on preforms or articles, e.g. to prevent sticking to each other
Landscapes
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- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Nanotechnology (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Shaping Of Tube Ends By Bending Or Straightening (AREA)
- Surface Treatment Of Optical Elements (AREA)
- Moulds For Moulding Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
Description
2 陽極酸化ポーラスアルミナ
3 細孔
4 再陽極酸化層
11 ロール鋳型
12 透明シート
13 活性エネルギー線硬化組成物
14 微細凹凸構造を有するシート
15 活性エネルギー線照射装置
16a ニップロール
16b 剥離ロール
17 タンク
18 空気圧シリンダー
本発明に使用されるアルミニウムの純度は99.5%以上のものが好ましく、更に99.8%以上のものが好ましく、99.99%以上のものが最も好ましい。99.5%より純度が低いと陽極酸化した時に、不純物の偏析により可視光を散乱する大きさの凹凸構造が形成されたり、陽極酸化で得られる細孔の規則性が低下することがある。
本発明の鋳型の凹凸構造の周期は可視光の波長以下の微細なものである。この「可視光の波長以下」とは400nm以下を指す。400nmより大きいと可視光の散乱がおこるため反射防止膜などの光学用途の使用には適さない。
(陽極酸化)
原型表面のアルミニウムは酸性電解液中で定電圧下で陽極酸化し、一旦酸化皮膜を除去し、これを陽極酸化の細孔発生点にすることで細孔の規則性を向上することが出来る(例えば、益田,応用物理,vol.69,No.5,p558(2000))。本発明においては、規則的な細孔発生点をつくるための陽極酸化を「一段階目の陽極酸化」といい、この陽極酸化による酸化被膜の形成工程を「第1の酸化被膜形成工程」という。また、酸化皮膜除去後の陽極酸化を「二段階目の陽極酸化」といい、この陽極酸化による酸化被膜の形成工程を「第2の酸化被膜形成工程」という。
上記のような方法で製造するため、本発明の方法で製造すると大面積鋳型や表面に継ぎ目のないロール鋳型が簡便に製造でき、また、目視で確認できる凹凸がない。
本発明の方法で製造された鋳型を用いて微細凹凸構造を表面に有するシートを製造することが出来る。微細凹凸構造を表面に有するシートを作成するには、本発明の方法で製造された鋳型と透明シートとの間に活性エネルギー線硬化性組成物を充填して、活性エネルギー線照射により硬化後離型するか、活性エネルギー線硬化性組成物に鋳型の凹凸形状を転写した後離型し、その後活性エネルギー線を照射して硬化させることにより行われる。
本発明の方法で製造された微細凹凸構造を有するシート材料は、反射防止フィルム、反射防止膜、反射防止物品、光導波路、レリーフホログラム、レンズ、偏光分離素子などの光学物品、細胞培養シート、超撥水性フィルム、超親水性フィルムなどとしての用途展開が期待でき、特に反射防止フィルム、反射防止膜、反射防止物品、としての用途に適している。反射防止フィルム、反射防止膜、反射防止物品としては、例えば液晶表示装置、プラズマディスプレイパネル、エレクトロルミネッセンスディスプレイ、陰極管表示装置のような画像表示装置、レンズ、ショーウィンドー、展示ケース、メーターパネル、メーターカバー、眼鏡等の表面で使用される反射防止膜、反射防止フィルムや反射防止シート等が挙げられる。画像表示装置に用いる場合は、最表面上にフィルムを貼り付けたり直接最表面を形成する材料上に形成しても良く、また、前面板に形成しても良い。特に本発明で得られる微細凹凸構造を有するシート材料は大型ディスプレイの反射防止膜やショーウィンドー、展示ケースなどの大面積で使用する用途に適している。
鋳型の一部を削り取り、断面を1分間Pt蒸着し、日本電子製電界放出形走査電子顕微鏡JSM−7400Fで加速電圧3.00kVで観察を行い、酸化皮膜厚、細孔周期、細孔開口部、底部、孔深さを測定した。樹脂は破断面を5分間Pt蒸着し、同様に観察して周期、凸部高さ、凸部先端径、凸部底部径を測定した。
鋳型の表面をZygo社製走査型白色干渉計3次元プロファイラーシステム「New View6300」を用いて2.5倍の対物レンズ、0.5倍のズームレンズで観察を行い視野をつなぎ合わせて10mm角の観察結果を得た。上記10mm角から任意の10点の結晶粒界段差の高さまたは深さを測定し、それらの平均値を結晶粒界高さ(深さ)とした。
鋳型の表面を電界放出形走査電子顕微鏡(5万倍)で観察し、得られた3.8μm2の視野の画像を、画像解析ソフト「Image−Pro PLUS」(商品名:日本ローパー社製)で画像解析し、微細凹凸構造の凹部(細孔)の重心座標を計算した。次いで、任意の凹部(細孔)を選択し、その凹部(細孔)に隣接する凹部(細孔)のうち任意の6点を選択し、先の任意の凹部からの座標距離の標準偏差を求めた。以上の操作を金型の任意の三箇所において各々10点ずつ実施し、それらの平均値を求め標準偏差とし、規則性の指標とした。
転写サンプルの測定面の裏面を黒色に塗布し、日立社製分光光度計U−4000を用いて入射角5°で波長380〜780nmの範囲で相対反射率を測定した。
転写フイルムを目視で観察し、目視でわかるマクロな凹凸が確認できる時を×、確認できないときを○とした。
<活性エネルギー線硬化性組成物A>
トリメチロールエタンアクリル酸・無水コハク酸縮合エステル 40質量部
ヘキサンジオールジアクリレート 40質量部
信越化学社製商品名「x−22−1602」 10質量部
チバ・スペシャリティケミカルズ社製商品名「イルガキュア184」 2.7質量部
チバ・スペシャリティケミカルズ社製商品名「イルガキュア819」 0.18質量部
純度99.99%のアルミニウムビレットから機械加工で得た厚さ2mm、直径75mmのアルミニウム円板に羽布研磨処理を施した後、電解研磨を行った。鏡面化を行ったアルミニウム円板を、0.3Mシュウ酸水溶液中で、浴温17℃において直流40Vの条件下で30分間陽極酸化を行い、第1の酸化皮膜を形成した。形成した酸化物層を、6質量%のリン酸と1.8質量%のクロム酸混合水溶液中で一旦溶解除去した後、再び同一条件下において、30秒間陽極酸化を行った。その後、5質量%リン酸30℃中に8分間浸漬し、孔径拡大処理を施した。この操作を5回繰り返すことで、周期100nm、細孔径開口部85nm、底部40nm、孔深さ220nmのテーパー状細孔を有する鋳型を得た。
一段階目の陽極酸化を60分にした以外は、実施例1と同様の方法で鋳型と微細凹凸構造を有するフィルムを得た。得られた鋳型の第一の酸化皮膜厚、結晶粒界凹凸高さ、規則性、転写フィルムの反射率、目視外観を表1に示す。
一段階目の陽極酸化を80分にした以外は、実施例1と同様の方法で鋳型と微細凹凸構造を有するフィルムを得た。得られた鋳型の第一の酸化皮膜厚、結晶粒界凹凸高さ、規則性、転写フィルムの反射率、目視外観を表1に示す。
一段階目の陽極酸化を0.5Mのシュウ酸水溶液で1分間行った以外は、実施例1と同様の方法で鋳型と微細凹凸構造を有するフィルムを得た。得られた鋳型の第一の酸化皮膜厚、結晶粒界凹凸高さ、規則性、転写フィルムの反射率、目視外観を表1に示す。結晶粒界凹凸高さについては低すぎて測定できなかった。
外径75mm、純度99.99%のアルミニウムスラブから切削したアルミニウム丸棒を用い、二段階目の陽極酸化時間が15秒間、リン酸浸漬が30℃3分間である以外は実施例1と同様に一段階目の陽極酸化までの処理を実施し、周期100nm、細孔径開口部80nm、底部25nm、孔深さ300nmのテーパー状細孔を有する目視で表面に結晶粒界の段差が確認できないロール鋳型を得た。
外径が200mm、内径が155mmの円筒形状であること以外は実施例4と同様の方法で目視で表面に結晶粒界の段差が確認できないロール鋳型を得た。
℃で2時間熱処理した。
一段階目の陽極酸化を120分にした以外は、実施例1と同様の方法で鋳型と微細凹凸構造を有するフィルムを得た。得られた鋳型の第一の酸化皮膜厚、結晶粒界高さ、規則性、転写フィルムの反射率、目視外観を表1に示す。
Claims (6)
- 圧延痕のないアルミニウム原型の表面に、隣り合う凹部または凸部間の距離が可視光の波長以下の微細凹凸構造を有するアルミナが陽極酸化により形成され、且つアルミニウムの結晶粒界の凹凸高さ、または深さが10mm角の10点平均として300nm以下であることを特徴とする鋳型。
- 微細凹凸構造の任意の凹部と該凹部に隣接する6個の凹部との各重心間距離の標準偏差が、6.0〜12.0であることを特徴とする請求項1記載の鋳型。
- 鋳型がロール鋳型である請求項1または2記載の鋳型。
- 表面に微細凹凸構造を有する鋳型の製造方法であって、圧延痕のないアルミニウムを研磨して、或いは、基体表面にアルミニウムを成膜して原型を用意する工程、該原型表面のアルミニウムを定電圧で陽極酸化して細孔を有する厚さ10μm以下の酸化皮膜を形成する第1の酸化被膜形成工程と、前記酸化皮膜の全部を除去する酸化被膜除去工程、前記原型表面のアルミニウムを定電圧で陽極酸化して酸化皮膜を形成する第2の酸化被膜形成工程と、前記酸化皮膜の一部を除去して前記細孔の孔径を拡大処理する孔径拡大処理工程とを含み、前記第2の酸化皮膜形成工程と、前記孔径拡大処理工程を繰り返す請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載の鋳型の製造方法。
- 前記第1の酸化被膜形成工程と前記第2の酸化被膜形成工程との定電圧が略同一であることを特徴とする請求項4に記載の鋳型の製造方法。
- 請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載の鋳型と透明シートの間に活性エネルギー線硬化性組成物を充填して活性エネルギー線照射により硬化後離型する、または離型後活性エネルギー線硬化により硬化する、微細凹凸構造を表面に有するシートの製造方法。
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CN101484614A (zh) | 2009-07-15 |
CN102286765B (zh) | 2014-12-17 |
EP2045368A1 (en) | 2009-04-08 |
KR20120027551A (ko) | 2012-03-21 |
US8939752B2 (en) | 2015-01-27 |
BRPI0713932A2 (pt) | 2012-12-18 |
JPWO2008001847A1 (ja) | 2009-11-26 |
KR101386324B1 (ko) | 2014-04-17 |
EP2045368B1 (en) | 2016-08-10 |
KR101214663B1 (ko) | 2012-12-21 |
US20090194914A1 (en) | 2009-08-06 |
CN101484614B (zh) | 2011-09-07 |
KR20090028634A (ko) | 2009-03-18 |
EP2045368A4 (en) | 2014-03-12 |
CN102286765A (zh) | 2011-12-21 |
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BRPI0713932B1 (pt) | 2018-08-07 |
WO2008001847A1 (en) | 2008-01-03 |
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