JP4444272B2 - 固体光源 - Google Patents
固体光源 Download PDFInfo
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- JP4444272B2 JP4444272B2 JP2006348225A JP2006348225A JP4444272B2 JP 4444272 B2 JP4444272 B2 JP 4444272B2 JP 2006348225 A JP2006348225 A JP 2006348225A JP 2006348225 A JP2006348225 A JP 2006348225A JP 4444272 B2 JP4444272 B2 JP 4444272B2
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- light source
- light
- optical fiber
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- semiconductor light
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/04—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings formed by bundles of fibres
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
- A61B1/06—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor with illuminating arrangements
- A61B1/0607—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor with illuminating arrangements for annular illumination
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
- A61B1/06—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor with illuminating arrangements
- A61B1/0653—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor with illuminating arrangements with wavelength conversion
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
- A61B1/06—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor with illuminating arrangements
- A61B1/0661—Endoscope light sources
- A61B1/0669—Endoscope light sources at proximal end of an endoscope
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
- A61B1/06—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor with illuminating arrangements
- A61B1/0661—Endoscope light sources
- A61B1/0684—Endoscope light sources using light emitting diodes [LED]
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
- A61B1/06—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor with illuminating arrangements
- A61B1/07—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor with illuminating arrangements using light-conductive means, e.g. optical fibres
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21K—NON-ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES USING LUMINESCENCE; LIGHT SOURCES USING ELECTROCHEMILUMINESCENCE; LIGHT SOURCES USING CHARGES OF COMBUSTIBLE MATERIAL; LIGHT SOURCES USING SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES AS LIGHT-GENERATING ELEMENTS; LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F21K9/00—Light sources using semiconductor devices as light-generating elements, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED] or lasers
- F21K9/60—Optical arrangements integrated in the light source, e.g. for improving the colour rendering index or the light extraction
- F21K9/69—Details of refractors forming part of the light source
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F21V13/00—Producing particular characteristics or distribution of the light emitted by means of a combination of elements specified in two or more of main groups F21V1/00 - F21V11/00
- F21V13/12—Combinations of only three kinds of elements
- F21V13/14—Combinations of only three kinds of elements the elements being filters or photoluminescent elements, reflectors and refractors
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F21V33/00—Structural combinations of lighting devices with other articles, not otherwise provided for
- F21V33/0064—Health, life-saving or fire-fighting equipment
- F21V33/0068—Medical equipment
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F21V5/00—Refractors for light sources
- F21V5/007—Array of lenses or refractors for a cluster of light sources, e.g. for arrangement of multiple light sources in one plane
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F21V5/00—Refractors for light sources
- F21V5/04—Refractors for light sources of lens shape
- F21V5/048—Refractors for light sources of lens shape the lens being a simple lens adapted to cooperate with a point-like source for emitting mainly in one direction and having an axis coincident with the main light transmission direction, e.g. convergent or divergent lenses, plano-concave or plano-convex lenses
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F21V7/00—Reflectors for light sources
- F21V7/0066—Reflectors for light sources specially adapted to cooperate with point like light sources; specially adapted to cooperate with light sources the shape of which is unspecified
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F21V9/00—Elements for modifying spectral properties, polarisation or intensity of the light emitted, e.g. filters
- F21V9/30—Elements containing photoluminescent material distinct from or spaced from the light source
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B23/00—Telescopes, e.g. binoculars; Periscopes; Instruments for viewing the inside of hollow bodies; Viewfinders; Optical aiming or sighting devices
- G02B23/24—Instruments or systems for viewing the inside of hollow bodies, e.g. fibrescopes
- G02B23/2407—Optical details
- G02B23/2461—Illumination
- G02B23/2469—Illumination using optical fibres
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
- G02B6/0005—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being of the fibre type
- G02B6/0006—Coupling light into the fibre
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
- G02B6/0005—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being of the fibre type
- G02B6/0008—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being of the fibre type the light being emitted at the end of the fibre
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
- G02B6/28—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals
- G02B6/2804—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals forming multipart couplers without wavelength selective elements, e.g. "T" couplers, star couplers
- G02B6/2808—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals forming multipart couplers without wavelength selective elements, e.g. "T" couplers, star couplers using a mixing element which evenly distributes an input signal over a number of outputs
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/42—Coupling light guides with opto-electronic elements
- G02B6/4201—Packages, e.g. shape, construction, internal or external details
- G02B6/4204—Packages, e.g. shape, construction, internal or external details the coupling comprising intermediate optical elements, e.g. lenses, holograms
- G02B6/4206—Optical features
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/42—Coupling light guides with opto-electronic elements
- G02B6/4201—Packages, e.g. shape, construction, internal or external details
- G02B6/4249—Packages, e.g. shape, construction, internal or external details comprising arrays of active devices and fibres
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/42—Coupling light guides with opto-electronic elements
- G02B6/4298—Coupling light guides with opto-electronic elements coupling with non-coherent light sources and/or radiation detectors, e.g. lamps, incandescent bulbs, scintillation chambers
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
- A61B1/06—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor with illuminating arrangements
- A61B1/0638—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor with illuminating arrangements providing two or more wavelengths
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21K—NON-ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES USING LUMINESCENCE; LIGHT SOURCES USING ELECTROCHEMILUMINESCENCE; LIGHT SOURCES USING CHARGES OF COMBUSTIBLE MATERIAL; LIGHT SOURCES USING SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES AS LIGHT-GENERATING ELEMENTS; LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F21K9/00—Light sources using semiconductor devices as light-generating elements, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED] or lasers
- F21K9/60—Optical arrangements integrated in the light source, e.g. for improving the colour rendering index or the light extraction
- F21K9/61—Optical arrangements integrated in the light source, e.g. for improving the colour rendering index or the light extraction using light guides
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F21V2200/00—Use of light guides, e.g. fibre optic devices, in lighting devices or systems
- F21V2200/30—Use of light guides, e.g. fibre optic devices, in lighting devices or systems of light guides doped with fluorescent agents
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21W—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO USES OR APPLICATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS
- F21W2131/00—Use or application of lighting devices or systems not provided for in codes F21W2102/00-F21W2121/00
- F21W2131/20—Lighting for medical use
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO THE FORM OR THE KIND OF THE LIGHT SOURCES OR OF THE COLOUR OF THE LIGHT EMITTED
- F21Y2115/00—Light-generating elements of semiconductor light sources
- F21Y2115/10—Light-emitting diodes [LED]
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO THE FORM OR THE KIND OF THE LIGHT SOURCES OR OF THE COLOUR OF THE LIGHT EMITTED
- F21Y2115/00—Light-generating elements of semiconductor light sources
- F21Y2115/30—Semiconductor lasers
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/241—Light guide terminations
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/36—Mechanical coupling means
- G02B6/40—Mechanical coupling means having fibre bundle mating means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/36—Mechanical coupling means
- G02B6/40—Mechanical coupling means having fibre bundle mating means
- G02B6/403—Mechanical coupling means having fibre bundle mating means of the ferrule type, connecting a pair of ferrules
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/42—Coupling light guides with opto-electronic elements
- G02B6/4201—Packages, e.g. shape, construction, internal or external details
- G02B6/4202—Packages, e.g. shape, construction, internal or external details for coupling an active element with fibres without intermediate optical elements, e.g. fibres with plane ends, fibres with shaped ends, bundles
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/42—Coupling light guides with opto-electronic elements
- G02B6/4201—Packages, e.g. shape, construction, internal or external details
- G02B6/4204—Packages, e.g. shape, construction, internal or external details the coupling comprising intermediate optical elements, e.g. lenses, holograms
- G02B6/4212—Packages, e.g. shape, construction, internal or external details the coupling comprising intermediate optical elements, e.g. lenses, holograms the intermediate optical element being a coupling medium interposed therebetween, e.g. epoxy resin, refractive index matching material, index grease, matching liquid or gel
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
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- G02B6/42—Coupling light guides with opto-electronic elements
- G02B6/4201—Packages, e.g. shape, construction, internal or external details
- G02B6/4204—Packages, e.g. shape, construction, internal or external details the coupling comprising intermediate optical elements, e.g. lenses, holograms
- G02B6/4214—Packages, e.g. shape, construction, internal or external details the coupling comprising intermediate optical elements, e.g. lenses, holograms the intermediate optical element having redirecting reflective means, e.g. mirrors, prisms for deflecting the radiation from horizontal to down- or upward direction toward a device
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
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- G02B6/42—Coupling light guides with opto-electronic elements
- G02B6/4201—Packages, e.g. shape, construction, internal or external details
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L2224/00—Indexing scheme for arrangements for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies and methods related thereto as covered by H01L24/00
- H01L2224/01—Means for bonding being attached to, or being formed on, the surface to be connected, e.g. chip-to-package, die-attach, "first-level" interconnects; Manufacturing methods related thereto
- H01L2224/42—Wire connectors; Manufacturing methods related thereto
- H01L2224/47—Structure, shape, material or disposition of the wire connectors after the connecting process
- H01L2224/48—Structure, shape, material or disposition of the wire connectors after the connecting process of an individual wire connector
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- H01L2224/4809—Loop shape
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Description
guide)に集束させる。
コンタクト32(例えば、金ワイヤの形態)を介して、LED4に接続される。負極リード34は、反射器カップ38に隣接し、導電性バス44aに接続される。導電性バス44aは、プリント回路基板47で絶縁されている。正極リード36は、反射器カップ38から距離57の間隔が空けられ、導電性バス44bに接続される。導電性バス44bも、プリント回路基板47で絶縁されている。導電性バス44a及び44bは、それぞれ、分配回路20を介して電源18からの電流を運び、順電流が各LED4に加えられる。電源18は、多数の電流源を備え、回路を制御して、LED4を光らせるのに必要な順電流を維持する。
えばファイバ光ガイドを用いて製造することができる。この実施形態に適した光ファイバ束6a及び6bは、Southbridge, MAのINCOM, Incから入手可能である。ファイバは、L
EDのサイズ及び形状に合わせるため、断面が長方形に加工される。別の実施形態では、ファイバは、円形の断面を有する。さらに別の実施形態では、光ファイバ束の代わりに、単一のファイバ(例えば、プラスチックファイバ、石英ファイバ)が用いられる。
できるという利点がある。また、各LEDに対する順電流を調節することによっても、白色光の色温度を制御することもできる。別の構成では、特定の色を放射するLEDについて、その選択する数を少なくすることも、利点がある。LEDを選択すること、及び順電流を調節することの組み合わせによっても、色温度を変化させることができる。例えば、赤色が支配的である体腔内での胸部外科手術においては、外科医が特徴を識別するのに適したコントラストを生成するために、内視鏡用の固体光源には、赤色光を放射するLEDの数が少ないものが望まれている。
2の直上になるように、研磨される。この場合、枠の材料の厚さは、最小になるが、ファイバ束を載せることによるダメージをオーム性コンタクトに与えないようにするのに十分な厚さである。光ファイバ束6bも研磨される。光ファイバ束6bと上プレート60は、互いに同一平面になるように配置される。別の実施形態では、ファイバ端エポキシは、フェルールに置き換えられる。さらに別の実施形態では、オーム性コンタクトがLEDの上部に位置せず、エポキシ枠は、LEDの表面まで研磨することができる。これによって、光ファイバ束をLEDの上面に直接結合させることができる。
等しく、又は僅かに超えるようにする。すなわち、
NAl ≧NAlg ≡sin u
但し、uは、光ガイドの受光角。
択される。LED及び光ガイド126に対するレンズアレイ123及び集光レンズ124の位置は、次の関係によって支配される。
M≡rlg/hse=ffoc/foe
但し、Mは光学系140の倍率、rlgは光ガイド126の半径、hseは、光軸130から測定されたLED120の高さ、ffocは、集光レンズ124の焦点距離、foeはレン
ズ122の焦点距離、そして
sin u≡NAl=NAlg =Harray/ffoc
但し、Harrayは、集光レンズ124の軸138から最上部のレンズ122aの上側の
エッジに向かって測定されるLEDアレイ121の高さである。
n=(ffoc×NAlg)/roe
但し、roeは、レンズ122の開口半径である。
表示のために、作業領域214の画像を表すビデオ信号を発生させる。
Claims (31)
- 光を放射する半導体光源と、
光学素子を有する光学系とを備え、
前記光学系は、前記半導体光源からの放射光を受け取る入力部を備え、前記光学系は、前記光学素子からの光を受け取る出力部を備え、前記光学系及び前記半導体光源は、全体として、照明経路を提供し、
前記光学素子は、前記半導体光源からの放射光を受け取る入力部と前記半導体光源から受け取った光を放射する出力部とを有する光ファイバ素子を備え、前記半導体光源及び前記光ファイバ素子は、全体として、照明経路を提供し、前記光ファイバ素子は、複数の光ファイバ線の形態であり、前記複数の光ファイバ線のそれぞれは、前記半導体光源からの放射光を受け取り、
半導体光源上に配置された開口を有する枠をさらに備え、シリコンゲルが前記枠の内部に配置され、前記光ファイバ素子は、前記開口及びシリコンゲルを通って挿入され、前記光ファイバ素子の入力部が前記半導体光源の表面上又はその近くに固定される、光を提供する固体光源。 - 出力部は、内視鏡によって受け取られるように構成される、請求項1に記載の固体光源。
- 光ファイバ素子は、前記半導体光源から光ガイドの界面へ延びる光ファイバを備え、前記光ガイドは、前記出力部へ延びる、請求項1又は2に記載の固体光源。
- 前記複数の光ファイバ線は、束の形態である、請求項1に記載の固体光源。
- 前記半導体光源は、第1の面及び第2の面を備え、第1の面及び第2の面から反対方向に光を放射するように構成される、請求項1から4の何れか1つに記載の固体光源。
- 前記半導体光源の第1の面は、第1の光ファイバ線に光を放射し、前記半導体光源の第2の面は、第2の光ファイバ線に光を放射する、請求項5に記載の固体光源。
- 前記半導体光源は、第1の面に実質的に垂直である第3の面及び第4の面を備え、前記半導体光源は、第3の面及び第4の面から反対方向に光を放射するように構成され、前記半導体光源の第3の面は、第3の光ファイバ線に光を放射するように構成され、前記半導体光源の第4の面は、第4の光ファイバ線に光を放射するように構成される、請求項5又は6に記載の固体光源。
- 複数の半導体光源をさらに備える、請求項1から7の何れか1つに記載の固体光源。
- 前記光ファイバ素子は、光ファイバ線のアレイであり、各光ファイバ線は、複数の半導体光源のうちの対応するものに位置合わせされる、請求項8に記載の固体光源。
- 前記半導体光源は、発光ダイオード(LED)を備える、請求項1から9の何れか1つに記載の固体光源。
- 前記半導体光源は、青色光を放射するように構成される、請求項1から10の何れか1つに記載の固体光源。
- 前記半導体光源は、紫外光を放射するように構成される、請求項1から10の何れか1つに記載の固体光源。
- 蛍光体層をさらに備え、前記蛍光体層は、照明経路に沿って配置される、請求項1から12の何れか1つに記載の固体光源。
- 各半導体光源は、蛍光体層に接触している、請求項13に記載の固体光源。
- 蛍光体層は、前記光ファイバ素子の遠位端に配置される、請求項13又は14に記載の固体光源。
- 前記半導体光源に配置された光集中器をさらに備え、前記光集中器は、前記半導体光源の少なくとも1面からの光を反射する、請求項1から15の何れか1つに記載の固体光源。
- 前記半導体光源は、青色光を放射するように構成された第1の発光ダイオード(LED)
と、赤色光を放射するように構成された第2のLEDと、緑色光を放射するように構成された第3のLEDとを備え、各LEDからの重なり光が白色光を生成する、請求項1から16の何れか1つに記載の固体光源。 - 第1のLED、第2のLED及び第3のLEDからの光を受け取るように配置され、かつ前記重なり光を前記光ファイバ素子に送るように配置された混合器をさらに備える、請求項17に記載の固体光源。
- 前記半導体光源は、黄色光を放射するように構成された第4のLEDを備え、前記混合器は、第4のLEDからの光を受け取る、請求項18に記載の固体光源。
- 前記半導体光源は、レーザーダイオードを備える、請求項1から19の何れか1つに記載の固体光源。
- 前記半導体光源は、垂直共振器型面発光レーザーを備える、請求項1から20の何れか1つに記載の固体光源。
- 前記半導体光源の上面に配置されたオーム性コンタクトをさらに備え、前記光ファイバ束は、前記オーム性コンタクトを受け入れるスプライス端を備える、請求項4に記載の固体光源。
- 前記半導体光源からの光を受け取るレンズをさらに備える、請求項1から22の何れか1つに記載の固体光源。
- 前記半導体光源は、前記レンズと光学的に位置合わせされ、前記レンズは、前記光ファイバ素子と光学的に位置合わせされる、請求項23に記載の固体光源。
- 前記半導体光源は、前記レンズからの第1の光学的共役面に配置され、前記光ファイバ素子は、前記レンズからの第2の光学的共役面に配置される、請求項23又は24に記載の固体光源。
- レンズアレイをさらに備える、請求項1から25の何れか1つに記載の固体光源。
- 前記レンズのそれぞれに対応する光ファイバ線のアレイをさらに備える、請求項26に記載の固体光源。
- 前記レンズのそれぞれに対応する半導体光源アレイをさらに備える、請求項26又は27に記載の固体光源。
- 前記レンズアレイは、対応する半導体光源アレイからの光を平行にするように構成され、
集光レンズは、前記レンズアレイからの平行光を集束させるように構成される、請求項26から28の何れか1つに記載の固体光源。 - 前記集光レンズは、前記平行光を光ガイドに集束させる、請求項29に記載の固体光源。
- 請求項1から30の何れか1つに記載の固体光源を備える内視鏡。
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- 2002-08-26 WO PCT/US2002/027110 patent/WO2003021329A2/en active Search and Examination
- 2002-08-26 EP EP02757385A patent/EP1421428B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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- 2006-12-25 JP JP2006348225A patent/JP4444272B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
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JP2007148418A (ja) | 2007-06-14 |
WO2003021329A3 (en) | 2003-07-10 |
US6921920B2 (en) | 2005-07-26 |
US20050276553A1 (en) | 2005-12-15 |
US7345312B2 (en) | 2008-03-18 |
US20030042493A1 (en) | 2003-03-06 |
JP2005502083A (ja) | 2005-01-20 |
WO2003021329A2 (en) | 2003-03-13 |
EP1421428B1 (en) | 2012-08-15 |
US8545077B2 (en) | 2013-10-01 |
US20080130311A1 (en) | 2008-06-05 |
EP1421428A2 (en) | 2004-05-26 |
US20110205751A1 (en) | 2011-08-25 |
US7959338B2 (en) | 2011-06-14 |
US7540645B2 (en) | 2009-06-02 |
US20080112182A1 (en) | 2008-05-15 |
US9116282B2 (en) | 2015-08-25 |
US20140029290A1 (en) | 2014-01-30 |
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