CN105612047A - 用于将多个涂层施加到光学基底的旋转涂布机 - Google Patents
用于将多个涂层施加到光学基底的旋转涂布机 Download PDFInfo
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- CN105612047A CN105612047A CN201480055838.9A CN201480055838A CN105612047A CN 105612047 A CN105612047 A CN 105612047A CN 201480055838 A CN201480055838 A CN 201480055838A CN 105612047 A CN105612047 A CN 105612047A
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Classifications
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种旋转涂布机,其可以用于在光学基底上施加多个涂层成分。旋转涂布机包括:涂布机碗状物,被构造成用以收集从涂布的光学基底排出的多余的涂层材料;可旋转卡盘,被构造成用以在涂布期间接纳碗状物中的光学基底并使光学基底旋转;多个涂层贮存器,每个贮存器包含涂层材料;以及可分度涂层贮存器平台,包含所述多个涂层贮存器,并且被构造成用以将所选择的贮存器分度到涂布机碗状物上方的分配位置中。旋转涂布机可以包括或关联有至少一个固化工位,其中每个固化工位独立地构造成用以至少部分地固化施加的至少一种涂层材料。每个固化工位可以包括热固化工位、UV固化工位和/或IR固化工位中的至少一个。
Description
相关专利申请的交叉引用
本申请要求2013年10月11日提交的美国临时专利申请61/890,045、2013年10月11日提交的美国临时专利申请61/890,055以及2013年10月11日提交的美国临时专利申请61/890,059的优先权,这些申请的公开内容均通过参考而全文引入本文中。
技术领域
本发明涉及旋转涂布机,例如具有至少一个一体化固化工位或固化线的旋转涂布机,该固化工位或固化线用于以从多个可能的顺序中选择的顺序将多个涂层施加到光学基底。
背景技术
旋转涂布方法和相关的旋转涂布机器(通常称为旋转涂布机)通常用来在基底上提供均匀涂层。旋转涂布方法已经被用来形成带有涂层的透镜,包括光学透镜。
现有的旋转涂布机通常用在施加单个类型或类别的涂层材料的生产线中,并且通常在生产线中后面跟随有预设固化工位,例如热固化烘箱,或UV固化工位,或IR固化工位。固化工位的类型以及与固化工位相关的设定取决于在旋转涂布工位中施加的涂层材料的类型。这导致难以快速切换用于施加不同涂层材料的生产线(例如针对不同的基底和/或不同的最终产品),原因在于,一般而言,涂层材料贮存器和分配喷嘴组件必须进行净化和清洗,以适应涂层材料的改变。另外的难题涉及固化工位,其可能不适合于固化其它涂层材料。
期望提供新型的涂布组件,其能够适应不同的涂层成分。还期望这种新提出的旋转涂布组件能够适应多种不同的涂层成分。
发明内容
根据本发明,提供一种旋转涂布机,其包括:(a)涂布机碗状物,其被构造成用以收集从涂布的光学基底排出的多余的涂层材料;(b)可旋转卡盘,其被构造成用以接纳涂布机碗状物中的光学基底,并且被构造成用以在涂布期间使光学基底旋转;(c)多个涂层贮存器,其中每个贮存器包含用于选择性地涂布光学基底的涂层成分(或材料);以及(d)可分度涂层贮存器平台,其包含所述多个涂层贮存器,并且被构造成用以将所选择的涂层贮存器分度到涂布机碗状物上方的分配位置中。对于一些实施例,旋转涂布机可以用于光学基底。
根据本发明,还提供一种旋转涂布机,其包括:(a)涂布机碗状物,该涂布机碗状物被构造成用以收集从涂布的光学基底排出的多余的涂层材料;(b)可旋转卡盘,该可旋转卡盘被构造成用以接纳涂布机碗状物中的光学基底,并且被构造成用以在涂布期间使光学基底旋转;以及(c)至少一个涂层贮存器,其中每个涂层贮存器包含用于选择性地涂布光学基底的涂层成分(或材料),并且(d)每个涂层贮存器包括长形圆筒,该长形圆筒中具有用于从涂层贮存器分配涂层材料的可动活塞。对于一些实施例,每个涂层贮存器通过定位在圆筒的远侧端部处的无阀分配孔口分配涂层成分。
根据本发明,另外提供一种旋转涂布机,其包括:(a)涂布机碗状物,该涂布机碗状物被构造成用以收集从涂布的光学基底排出的多余的涂层材料;(b)可旋转卡盘,该可旋转卡盘被构造成用以接纳涂布机碗状物中的光学基底,并且被构造成用以在涂布期间使光学基底旋转;(c)多个涂层贮存器,其中每个贮存器包含用于选择性地涂布光学基底的涂层成分(或材料);以及(d)至少一个不同固化工位,其中每个不同固化工位独立地构造成用以选择性地且至少部分地固化施加到光学基底的至少一种涂层成分。对于一些实施例,每个不同固化工位独立地包括以下工位中的至少一种:(i)热固化工位;(ii)UV固化工位;(iii)IR固化工位;以及(iv)上述(i)至(iii)中至少两者的组合。
在所附的且形成为本公开一部分的权利要求中具体指出了表征本发明的各种特征。从以下示出和描述了本发明非限制性实施例的详细说明中,本发明的这些和其它特征、其操作优点和其使用所实现的特定目的将会得到更加完全的理解。
附图说明
图1为根据本发明一些实施例的旋转涂布机的代表性透视图;
图2为图1的旋转涂布机的修改实施例的代表性示意平面图;
图3为图1的旋转涂布机的洗涤/干燥工位的代表性截面图;
图4为图1的旋转涂布机的分配单元和包含多个涂层贮存器的可分度涂层贮存器平台的代表性截面图;
图5为图1的旋转涂布机的涂层贮存器的代表性截面图;以及
图6为图1的旋转涂布机的固化工位的代表性截面图。
在图1-6中,相同的附图标记表示相同的部件和元件,视情况而定,除非另有说明。
具体实施方式
如在此所用的,术语“光学”、“光学透明”和类似术语指的是指定材料(例如基底、膜、涂层等)呈现至少4%的透光率值(传递入射光),并且在550纳米下由例如透射雾影仪(HazeGardPlusInstrument)测量时呈现的雾度值小于1%(例如雾度值小于0.5%)。
如在此所用的,术语“眼科”指的是与眼睛或视力有关或相关。如在此所用的,术语“眼科基底”指的是眼科的基底,例如透镜。如在此所用的,术语“透镜”和“多个透镜”指的是并涵盖至少单独的透镜、透镜对、部分形成的(或半成品)透镜、完全形成的(或成品)透镜以及透镜坯体。眼科基底、制品或元件的例子包括但不限于:矫正或非矫正透镜,包括单视觉或多视觉透镜,其可以是分段的或不分段的多视觉透镜(例如但不限于双焦点透镜、三焦点透镜和渐进透镜),以及用来矫正、保护或增强(美容地或者以其它方式)视力的其它元件,包括但不限于接触透镜、内目镜、放大透镜、保护透镜、保护帽檐和保护板。
如在此所用的,例如与基底、膜、材料和/或涂层结合使用的术语“透明的”指的是,所示的基底(例如涂层、膜和/或材料)具有传播光而不会显著散射的特性,使得超过其设置的物体在视觉上是可见的。
如在此所用的,术语“涂层”指的是来源于可流动涂层成分的被支撑的膜,其可选地可以具有均匀的厚度,并且具体地不包括聚合物片材。相反,如在此所用的,术语“片材”指的是预成形的膜,其具有大致均匀的厚度,并且能够自支撑。片材具有两个相对的表面,其中至少一个表面上可以具有一个或多个层(包括涂布层)。如在此所用的,术语“层”和“膜”均涵盖了涂层(例如涂布层或涂布膜)和片材两者,并且层可以包括单独的层的组合,包括子层和/或超层。根据一些实施例,且如在此所用的,术语“涂布”在适当的语境中指的是将涂层成分(或材料)施加到基底以形成涂层(或涂布层)的方法。
如在此所用的,术语“固化”、“固化的”和相关的术语指的是,形成可固化组合物的可聚合的和/或可交联的成分的一部分至少部分地聚合和/或交联。根据一些实施例,交联的程度可以在完全交联的5%至100%的范围内。根据一些其它的实施例,交联的程度可以在完全交联的30%至95%,例如35%至95%或50%至95%或50%至85%的范围内。交联的程度可以在这些引用的下限值和上限值的任何组合之间的范围内,包括所引用的值。
如在此所用的,冠词“一”和“该”包括多个指代物,除非另外明确且清楚地表明限制为一个指代物。
除非另外指明,文本公开的所有范围或比应当理解为涵盖了本文所包括在内的任何和所有子范围或子比值。例如,所述的范围或比“1至10”应当被认为包括最小值1和最大值10之间(且包含该最小值和最大值)的任何和所有子范围;也就是,起始于最小值1或更大而终止于最大值10或更小的所有子范围或子比值,例如但不限于1至6.1、3.5至7.8和5.5至10。
除非另外指明,否则说明书和权利要求中表示尺寸、物理特性等的所有数字应理解为在所有情形下都根据术语“大约”而变化。
如在此所用的,术语“无阀”指的是没有阀(不包括阀)。
如在此所用的,本发明的旋转涂布机也被称为灵活旋转涂布机,其目的包括但不限于指示出本发明的旋转涂布机针对以能够从多个涂布施加顺序中选择的顺序施加多个涂层成分的灵活性。
如在此所用的,术语“IR”指的是红外线,例如红外线辐射。
如在此所用的,术语“UV”指的是紫外线,例如紫外线辐射。
本文所述的本发明的各种实施例和例子应理解为是示例性的而非限制性的,并且不用来限制本发明的范围。
非限制性地参考附图,图1为灵活旋转涂布机10的代表性透视图,根据本发明的一些实施例,该灵活旋转涂布机包括或者关联有一体化的固化工位,以用于将多个涂层选择性地施加到光学基底。参考图2,示出了图1的旋转涂布机的修改实施例的代表性示意平面图。
如本文所述的且根据一些实施例,灵活旋转涂布机10提供低成本、小规模(例如每小时生产最多100个带有涂层的光学基底)顶侧旋转涂布机器,其可以包括表面预处理工位(例如但不限于,等离子预处理工位),该表面预处理工位进行清洁、涂布(利用多个涂层中的一个或多个以及涂层的组合),并且采用若干不同固化方法(例如,UV、IR,和/或热固化设备)中的一种或多种,或者这些方法的组合。对于一些实施例,本发明的旋转涂布机可以在形成最少废弃物流和/或废弃物料的情况下进行操作。
本发明的旋转涂布机可以具有任何合适的尺寸,对于一些实施例,该尺寸可以适当地缩放至与放置旋转涂布机进行操作的空间(例如房间)相匹配。对于一些实施例,本发明的旋转涂布机包括封装件、控制面板和过滤器(例如高效颗粒空气或HEPA过滤器),其宽度为0.76米(m)至1.52m(2.5至5英尺),或者为0.91m至1.37m(3至4.5英尺);长度为0.91m至3.66m(3至12英尺),或者为0.91m至3.05m(3至10英尺),或者为1.22m至2.13m(4至7英尺);高度为1.83m至3.05m(6至10英尺),或者为2.13m至2.74m(7至9英尺)。
对于一些实施例,灵活旋转涂布机10可以用来涂布各种基底,例如但不限于光学基底。可以利用本发明的旋转涂布机进行涂布的光学基底的例子包括但不限于平透镜、定制透镜,其在每种情况下都可以是完成的透镜、未完成的透镜或透镜坯体。根据一些另外的实施例,利用本发明的旋转涂布机涂布的透镜的直径为50-85mm,具有变化的回曲率(例如,从1/2基至10基)。作为参考,成品透镜是这样一种透镜,其将使得透镜的前表面和后表面形成(通常通过研磨和抛光)为期望的轮廓,而半成品透镜仅仅完成了一个表面(例如顶表面)。成品透镜和半成品透镜通常经受进一步的处理,例如利用光致变色材料、硬膜、着色层、平整层(通常归类为涂布层,提供光学、美学或保护特性)进行涂布,以及进行切边,以贴合期望形状,或者进行其它处理以联接到框架或支撑结构。
对于一些实施例,利用本发明的方法进行涂布的光学基底可以由以下材料形成并对应地包括以下材料:有机材料、无机材料或它们的组合(例如复合材料)。
根据本发明的各个实施例,可以用作光学基底的有机材料的例子包括聚合物材料,例如均聚物和共聚物,由美国专利5,962,617和美国专利5,658,501中第15栏第28行至第16栏第17行公开的单体以及单体混合物制备而成。例如,这样的聚合物材料可以是热塑性或热固性聚合物材料,可以是透明的或光学透明的,并且可以具有所需的任何折射率。这样的单体和聚合物的例子包括:多元醇(烯丙基碳酸盐)单体,例如,烯丙基二甘醇碳酸盐,例如二甘醇双(烯丙基碳酸盐),该单体由PPG工业有限公司以商标CR-39进行销售;聚脲-聚氨酯(聚脲-氨基甲酸乙酯)聚合物,其例如通过聚氨酯预聚物和二胺固化剂的反应制备而成,用于一种这样的聚合物的组合物由PPG工业有限公司以商标TRIVEX进行销售;多元醇(甲基)丙烯酰封端的碳酸盐单体;二甘醇二甲基丙烯酸酯单体;乙氧基化的酚甲基丙烯酸酯单体;二异丙烯基苯单体;乙氧基化的三羟甲基丙烷三丙烯酸酯单体;乙二醇双甲基丙烯酸酯单体;聚(乙二醇)双甲基丙烯酸酯单体;聚氨酯丙烯酸酯单体;聚(乙氧基化的双酚A二甲基丙烯酸酯);聚(乙酸乙烯酯);聚(乙烯醇);聚(氯乙烯);聚(偏二氯乙烯);聚乙烯;聚丙烯;聚氨酯;含硫聚氨酯(polythiourethanes);热塑性聚碳酸酯,例如来源于双酚A和光气的碳酸盐链的树脂,一种这样的材料以商标LEXAN进行销售;聚酯,例如以商标MYLAR销售的材料;聚(对苯二甲酸乙二酯);聚乙烯醇缩丁醛;聚(甲基丙烯酸甲酯),例如以商标PLEXIGLAS销售的材料,以及通过多官能的异氰酸酯与聚硫醇或聚环硫化物单体制备而成的聚合物,与聚硫醇、多异氰酸酯、聚异硫氰酸酯和可选的烯键式不饱和单体或卤化的含芳族乙烯基单体均聚或共聚和/或三聚的聚合物。另外,还可以想到,这样的单体的共聚物以及所述聚合物和具有其它聚合物的共聚物的混合物,例如以形成嵌段共聚物或互穿网络产品。
对于本发明的一些实施例,光学基底可以是眼科基底。适用于形成眼科基底的有机材料的例子包括本领域认可的用作眼科基底的聚合物,例如有机光学树脂,该有机光学树脂用来制备用于光学应用(例如眼科透镜)的光学透明的涂层。
对于本发明的一些实施例,可以用作光学基底的无机材料的例子包括玻璃、矿物、陶瓷和金属。对于一些实施例,光学基底可以包括玻璃。在其它实施例中,光学基底可以具有反射表面,例如抛光陶瓷基底、金属基底或矿物基底。在其它实施例中,反射涂层或反射涂布层(例如金属层,例如银层)可以沉积或以其它方式施加到无机或有机基底的表面,以使其具有反射性或增强其反射性。
能够用于根据本发明的一些实施例的方法的光学基底还可以包括无色调的、有色调的、线性偏振、圆形偏振、椭圆形偏振、光致变色的或有色调的光致变色的基底。如在此所用的,参考光学基底,术语“无色调的”指的是光学基底基本上不含着色剂添加(例如常规的染料),并且具有不会响应于光化辐射而显著变化的可见辐射的吸收光谱。另外,参考光学基底,术语“有色调的”指的是基底具有着色剂添加(例如常规的染料)和不会响应于光化辐射而显著变化的可见辐射的吸收光谱。
如在此所用的,参考光学基底,术语“圆形偏振”指的是光学基底适于使电磁辐射圆形偏振。如在此所用的,参考光学基底,术语“椭圆形偏振”指的是光学基底适于使电磁辐射椭圆形偏振。另外,如在此所用的,参考光学基底,术语“有色调的光致变色的”指的是光学基底包含着色剂添加以及光致变色的材料,并且具有响应于至少光化辐射而变化的可见辐射的吸收光谱。因此,例如,在暴露于光化辐射时,有色调的光致变色的基底可以具有着色剂的第一颜色特性以及着色剂和光致变色的材料的组合的第二颜色特性。
对于一些实施例,使用本发明的灵活旋转涂布机10的初始步骤包括将光学基底加载(参见图2的步骤12)到表面处理腔室(例如等离子腔室14)中。在腔室14中进行的等离子表面处理可以选自一种或多种本领域认可的等离子表面处理方法,包括但不限于电晕处理、大气等离子处理、大气压力处理、火焰等离子处理和/或化学等离子处理。对于一些实施例,在腔室14中进行的表面处理是氧气等离子处理。装载步骤12允许操作者在开始该过程之前在视觉上检查光学基底(或透镜)的缺陷或损坏。如果能够看到灰尘,那么在放置到透镜将承受等离子处理的等离子腔室14中之前,操作者可以用手清洁透镜。对于一些实施例,可以利用去离子空气进行手清洁步骤。对于一些可供选择的实施例,操作者可以根据需要利用若干清洁剂之一擦拭透镜,清洁剂为例如醇(例如异丙醇),或水性异丙醇,或水性洗涤剂。
对于一些实施例,表面处理过程包括处理光学基底的表面,以促进润湿并增强涂层的附着性,该涂层随后施加并形成在该表面上。对于一些实施例,腔室14包括一系列边缘接合光学基底保持器,以允许在腔室14中进行光学基底的最大表面处理。对于一些实施例,腔室14在减少的大气环境下操作,相应地,表面处理进行为腔室14中的批量处理操作。
包括电晕处理的等离子处理提供改变光学基底的表面特性(例如粗糙化和/或化学地改变光学基底的一个或多个表面)而不改变光学基底的体特性的清洁且有效的方法。对于一些实施例,一种或多种惰性气体(例如但不限于氩和/或氮)和/或一种或多种反应气体(例如但不限于氧气、CO和/或CO2)可以用作形成等离子的腔室14中的气体。对于一些实施例,惰性气体使光学基底粗糙化。对于一些实施例,反应气体(例如氧气)可以通过例如在处理表面上形成羟基和/或羧基群而粗糙化和化学地改变暴露于等离子的表面。
对于一些实施例,在等离子表面处理过程中使用氧气可以提供光学基底的表面的有效程度的物理粗糙化和化学改性,这可以改进附着性,而不会不利地影响光学基底的其它特性,例如光学特性。大气也可以用来形成等离子气体,并且对于一些实施例,大气是反应气体。对于一些实施例,表面粗糙化和/或化学改性的程度随着腔室14的等离子气体和操作条件而改变,包括表面处理的时长。对于一些实施例,光学基底暴露于等离子表面处理1至5分钟,例如处于腔室14中,这使得形成在旋转涂布机10中进一步处理的表面处理的光学基底。光学基底在腔室14中的表面处理还可以去除其表面上存在的外来污染物。对于一些实施例,某些表面污染物的存在可能不期望地降低光学基底的表面的表面能。对于一些实施例,在去除表面污染物之后可以获得的高表面能促进了涂层的润湿。
在腔室14中进行等离子表面处理之后,表面处理过的光学基底在步骤16被移除,并且在放置到旋转涂布机10的装载单元20上之前能够可选地进行视觉和/或自动检查。光学基底沿着行进路径22在装载单元20上前进,这可以通过传送器来实现,例如传送带。光学基底沿着行进路径22前进,直到它们接合定位凹陷部24。装载单元20将光学基底排队,并且在将每个单独的光学基底顺序地设置和引导到定位凹陷部24中时防止光学基底彼此损坏(例如通过彼此接合/摩擦/敲击)。定位凹陷部24的边缘被构造(例如倾斜)成用以将每个单独的光学基底相对于定位凹陷部的宽度定位在预先选择的位置(例如居中的定位或位置)中。对于一些实施例,定位凹陷部24还包括至少一个(例如至少两个)近程传感器(例如梁断裂传感器26),其识别每个单独的光学基底的前边缘和/或后边缘,并且在感测到光学基底并且将光学基底确定为正确地定位(例如居中定位)在定位凹陷部24中时使传送器停止。
定位凹陷部24允许旋转涂布机10利用拾取和放置机械臂18(仅在图1中示出)而自动地运行。机械臂18接合光学基底,以便在旋转涂布机10中进行的整个处理步骤中将光学基底的已知中心定位保持在例如大约2mm内。对于一些实施例,光学透镜的已知中心定位还可以由于机械臂18的精度以及光学基底借助于定位凹陷部24而在定位凹陷部中的正确初始定位的组合而得以保持。使用拾取和放置机械臂18允许旋转涂布机10在机械臂18的包络范围内完全自动地运行,并且与手动过程(例如完全手动过程)相比使得对光学基底的损坏(例如打标记)最小化。
光学基底在由机械臂18拾取时可以进行润湿或干燥。对于一些实施例,当润湿时,光学基底上包括一个或多个润湿涂布层,该涂布层不是硬的,例如是发粘的和/或未固化的。对于一些另外的实施例,当干燥时,光学基底不含涂布层,或者包括一个或多个硬的(不发粘的)干燥涂布层,例如固化的干燥涂布层。根据一些实施例,机械臂18的夹钳元件的下部部分在光学基底的润湿拾取期间(当光学基底润湿时)接合并固定光学基底。对于一些另外的实施例,机械臂18的夹钳元件的上部部分在光学基底的干燥拾取期间(当光学基底干燥时)接合并固定光学基底。
对于一些实施例,步骤12的放置到腔室14中以及步骤16的从腔室14移除均可以利用拾取和放置机械臂自动地进行,该拾取和放置机械臂定位凹陷部24(或其它定位机构)运动到腔室14的上游。对于一些实施例,在放置到腔室14中之前和从腔室14移除之后,在腔室14处操作者能够在视觉上检查光学基底,并且人们能够在操作期间监督和控制旋转涂布机10。对于一些实施例,与手动检查结合或者取代手动检查,本领域认可的自动检查程序和设备可以用来在腔室14中进行处理之前和/或之后检查光学基底。
在步骤28中,机械臂18使光学基底运动到可选的洗涤和干燥工位30,如图3所示。对于一些实施例,机械臂18将光学基底放置在洗涤和干燥工位30内的可旋转卡盘40’上,对于一些实施例,该可旋转卡盘可以是可旋转真空卡盘40’。对于一些实施例,可旋转卡盘40’是可编程的并且能够高速旋转,例如高达4,000rpm。在将光学基底固定到可旋转卡盘40’上之后,顶部32滑动到关闭位置,以将高压喷水喷嘴34与保持在旋转卡盘40’上的光学基底对准。对于一些实施例,高压喷水喷嘴34相对于包括保持在旋转真空卡盘40’上的光学基底的边缘的表面倾斜,以便清洁光学基底,。这样,对于一些实施例,可以例如在高压(例如大约1,000psi)条件下利用去离子水清洁等离子处理过的光学基底的整个上表面和边缘。可旋转卡盘40’在喷雾洗涤期间可以旋转,以确保光学基底表面的均匀清洁。洗涤参数(例如液体压力、洗涤时间和转速)可以是可编程的,并且能够根据参数(诸如光学基底的类型和/或尺寸)、等离子处理和/或后续的涂布过程而改变。
对于一些实施例,在洗涤之后,光学基底可以在工位30中通过一种或多种干燥方法进行干燥,这些干燥方法包括但不限于可旋转卡盘40’的高速旋转和/或高速空气喷嘴36,该高速空气喷嘴可以是过滤的空气喷嘴。对于一些实施例,干燥参数可以以与洗涤参数相关的编程方式类似的方式进行编程。
在工位30中进行洗涤和干燥之后,顶部32滑动到打开位置,机械臂18再次接合可旋转卡盘40’上的光学基底,并且在步骤48中,机械臂18使光学基底运动到涂布机碗状物50中的可旋转卡盘40,对于一些实施例,该可旋转卡盘可以是可旋转真空卡盘40。可旋转卡盘40被构造成用以将光学基底接纳在涂布机碗状物50中,并且被构造成用以在涂布期间使光学基底旋转,旋转的速度和正时可以根据参数(包括但不限于涂层和光学基底)而改变。
涂布机碗状物50被构造成用以收集:从进行涂布的光学基底中排出的过量的涂层材料;和/或本文进一步讨论的在贮存器80倾斜期间排出的材料;和/或周期性地用来清洁涂布机碗状物50(例如在周末或白天或者轮换地进行)的清洁材料。对于一些实施例,本发明的旋转涂布机10有效地用作小规模生产的单程系统。单程系统指的是指的是收集到的材料不需要进行再循环,由此从涂布机碗状物50收集到的材料可以通过未示出的排放装置移除,而不需要进行隔离或处理进行再次使用。对于一些实施例,单程系统允许有效地挑出明显不同的涂层材料。
对于一些实施例,本发明的旋转涂布机10包括具有多个涂层贮存器80的可分度涂层贮存器平台60。可分度涂层贮存器平台60被构造成用以将选择的涂层贮存器80分度到涂布机碗状物50上方的分配位置,因此涂层贮存器80可以在图4所示的分配位置处利用分配单元70进行分配。分配单元70能够在分配位置中与选择的涂层贮存器80接合,以便从接合的和选择的涂层贮存器80分配选择(或预定)量的涂层材料。
可分度涂层贮存器平台60是可旋转圆盘传送器,具有不同的周边位置,其中每个不同的周边位置可逆地接纳多个一次性涂层贮存器80之一。对于一些实施例,圆盘传送器可以包括八个或十个工位。对于一些另外的实施例,圆盘传送器可以具有其它数量的用于贮存器80的位置,例如但不限于十八个或二十个工位。如图所示,旋转圆盘传送器代表形成和操作可分度涂层贮存器平台60的有效实施例。然而,根据本发明的旋转涂布机,也可以使用其它分度布置形式。为了进行非限制性描述,贮存器80的线性运动支架或线可以用于形成平台60,而对该布置形式中可能存在的不同贮存器80的数量没有限制。转动平台60的马达可以采用多种本领域认可的对准机构,例如弹簧偏压的棘爪锁定机构,以确保保持的贮存器80运动到精确的预定分度位置中,从而贮存器80处于分配单元70下方且与分配单元70对准的分配位置中。
图5为灵活旋转涂布机10的单独的涂层贮存器80的代表性截面图。每个涂层贮存器80包括长形圆筒82,该长形圆筒具有可动活塞84,以用于从涂层贮存器80分配涂层材料,并且其中,所选择的涂层贮存器80的可动活塞84在分配位置中的前进从所选择的涂层贮存器80分配涂层材料。对于一些实施例并进一步参考图5,每个涂层贮存器80形成为一次性的塑料注射器,因此每个涂层贮存器80在圆筒的远侧端部处通过无阀分配孔口86分配涂层。塑料注射器是可商购获得的,并且由于与其相关的精确分配特性而尤其适合于形成贮存器80。对于一些实施例,在后表面上横跨孔口86的盖帽(未示出)可以用于填充的贮存器80的运输。对于一些另外的实施例,盖帽还可以重新施加,以移除和存储贮存器80。
对于一些实施例,每个贮存器80的圆筒82允许人和/或机器可读识别标记印刷在光学基底上,例如但不限于条码、QR码和/或矩阵码。对于一些实施例,机器可读识别标记可以包括与涂层识别、与具体涂层材料相关的涂布参数和/或光学基底的类型相关联的信息。对于一些实施例,涂布参数可以包括以下参数中的一个或多个:指定基底的涂层材料的单位剂量(例如对于常规透镜涂层而言,从0.2ml至0.6ml);分配速率;分配图案(例如,在保持基底的真空卡盘的中心处开始,并向外运动,反之亦然,或者某些其它变化的分配位置);真空卡盘40的速度(有时称为传播速度);和/或旋转时间(也被称为传播时间)。
贮存器80的窄孔口86(对于一些实施例,与可动活塞84结合)允许涂层材料保持在贮存器80中并且能够在没有阀的情况下进行分配。对于一些实施例,贮存器80的无阀分配器基本上消除了其它旋转涂布机分配器所必需的涂底(除了单个清洗液滴/水滴之外),并且极大地降低了旋转涂布机10操作期间形成的废弃物的量。
分配单元70包括在分配位置中与所选择的贮存器80对准的杆72,并且被构造成用以使所选择的涂层贮存器80的可动活塞84在分配位置中选择性地前进,以便从接合的所选择的涂层贮存器80分配选择(或预定)单位量的涂层材料。对于一些实施例,杆72是螺杆,例如长形螺杆。对于一些实施例,所分配的涂层材料的选择(或预定)单位量为0.2ml至4ml,或0.2至1ml,或0.2ml至0.6ml。单位量包括涂布量和清洗量(例如液滴),并且可以根据参数而变化,这些参数包括但不限于涂层材料、基底特性、期望涂层厚度和涂布方案。
对于一些实施例,所选择的涂层贮存器80中具有的涂层材料的量小于涂布两个光学基底所需的量,但是大于涂布单个光学基底所需的量(即小于两个单位量)。对于一些实施例,残余量的涂层材料(即小于两个单位量)可以:(i)从涂层贮存器80排出而丢弃到例如处理容器或排出装置中;或者(ii)从涂层贮存器80分配到单个光学基底上。对于一些实施例,在排出或分配残余量的涂层材料之后,贮存器80被清空而基本上没有涂层材料,并且可以作为固体废弃物进行处置。
对于一些实施例,分配单元70包括马达200,例如线性步进马达或类似物,以用于使所选择的涂层贮存器的可动活塞84精确地前进,从而从贮存器分配预定量的涂层材料。对于一些实施例,分配单元70还在使用之前和之后经由杆72或其它装置感测活塞84的位置,使得旋转涂布机10能够计算和跟踪留在每个特定贮存器80中的涂层材料的量。对于一些实施例,分配单元70使杆72伸出圆筒82,以允许平台60的圆盘传送器进行分度,从而选择不同的贮存器80。对于一些实施例,移出分配位置的贮存器80将不是空的,而是具有剩余的涂层材料以供后续选择性使用。
根据本发明的一些实施例,杆72是静止杆,马达是可动的,例如能够沿着杆72竖直地运动。马达可以包括与活塞84抵靠地接合的延伸部(未示出)。对于一些实施例,马达沿着静止杆的可控运动(例如竖直地向下)用来将活塞84驱动到贮存器80中,这使得从孔口86分配选择(或预定)量的涂层材料。
在操作中,可分度涂层贮存器平台60、贮存器80和单元70能够作为一个单元(示意性地示出为78)在至少以下位置之间运动:(i)清洗位置,其中处于分配位置中的所选择的涂层贮存器80处于涂布机碗状物50上方,但是不处于光学基底或透镜上方;和(ii)至少一个分配位置,其中处于分配位置中的处于涂布机碗状物上方的所选择的涂层贮存器处于光学基底上方。涂布机碗状物50可以被构造成包括槽或延伸部,该槽或延伸部延伸到与清洗位置对准的部位。在清洗位置中,可动活塞84通过单元70的杆72前进,以分配最少量的涂层材料倾斜液滴,以便在无阀贮存器80的孔口86处清洁涂层材料的弯月面的外表面。弯月面的外表面在指定贮存器80中的涂层材料不使用期间暴露于空气,这可能导致氧化和/或污染弯月面,从而需要进行清洗。对于一些实施例,通过从孔口86清洗涂层材料的可能非均匀部分,单个液滴是准备涂层材料分布系统所需的全部液滴。在初始清洗液滴之后,可分度涂层贮存器平台60、贮存器80和单元70能够作为一个单元(示意性地示出为78)运动到至少一个分配位置,在该分配位置中,处于分配位置中的在涂布机碗状物50上方的所选择的涂层贮存器80处于光学基底上方。
对于一些实施例,孔口86的尺寸形成为使得在不具有在圆筒82中定位(或运动)的可动活塞84的情况下,贮存器80的圆筒82中的涂层材料不会从贮存器朝向孔口86向外流动。对于一些实施例,孔口86是圆形的,并且其具有的直径小于或等于3.18mm(1/8英寸)。
所选择的分配贮存器80的运动78允许旋转涂布机10适应用于在涂布机碗状物50内对可旋转卡盘40上的光学基底进行涂布的各种分配方案。对于一些实施例,来自所选择的分配贮存器80的涂层材料可以在中心处和/或在横跨光学基底表面的一个或多个选择位置(例如以线、螺旋和/或同心圆形的形式,横跨光学基底的外表面或在该外表面上)处分配在光学基底上,然而可旋转卡盘40接合以使施加的涂层材料旋转,从而形成具有基本上均匀厚度的涂布层。根据一些另外的实施例,在可旋转卡盘40旋转的同时,来自所选择的分配贮存器80的涂层材料在中心处和/或在横跨光学基底表面的一个或多个选择位置处分配在光学基底上,以形成均匀的涂层。这些分配和旋转方案的任何期望的组合可以用于旋转涂布机10。另外,对于一些实施例,分配速率和旋转速度在整个过程中还可以改变。对于一些实施例,真空卡盘可以采用间歇分配和/或旋转。对于一些实施例,分配方案所基于的参数包括但不限于,基底成分和/或其表面处理、施加的涂层材料、和/或期望的最终涂层参数。
在不将透镜从可旋转卡盘40移除的情况下,可分度平台60允许旋转涂布机10将单个或多个涂布层施加在光学基底上。对于一些实施例,并且为了非限制性图示,在第一阶段中,利用一个选择的贮存器80施加第一涂布层,然后圆盘传送器进行分度,使得在第二阶段中,从不同的/单独的贮存器80在第一涂布层上施加第二涂层材料。利用平台60运动离开贮存器80与光学基底的对准,可以实现圆盘传送器的分度,使得没有来自中间贮存器80的偏离液滴干扰期望的涂布方案,从而在第二阶段中,在光学基底上进行分配之前可以正确地清洗第二涂层材料。具有两个或更多个涂布阶段允许本发明的旋转涂布机施加并形成叠堆涂布层的多种组合,其中每个涂布层相对于相邻的(或邻接的)涂布层具有相同或不同的成分和/或相同或不同的厚度。
根据本发明的一些实施例,旋转涂布机包括或具有一体化的至少一个不同的固化工位(例如固化工位92、94和96),以用于选择性地且独立性固化(例如至少部分地固化)施加到光学基底上的每个涂层。对于一些另外的实施例,旋转涂布机包括或具有一体化的多个不同的固化工位(例如两个或更多个固化工位,例如固化工位92、94和96),以用于选择性地且独立性固化(例如至少部分地固化)施加到光学基底上的每个涂层。在涂布碗状物50处施加期望涂层材料之后,在步骤88处,机械臂18再次接合光学基底并使光学基底运动到指定的固化工位(92、94或96)。对于本发明的一些实施例,每个固化工位独立地包括以下工位中的至少一种:(i)热固化工位96;(ii)UV固化工位94;(iii)IR固化工位92;以及(iv)上述(i)、(ii)和(iii)中至少两者的组合。
图6为灵活旋转涂布机10的UV固化工位94的代表性截面图,示出了具有工件的滑动抽屉,该滑动抽屉保持可旋转卡盘40”(对于一些实施例,其可以是可旋转真空卡盘40”),以用于选择性地接纳待固化的期望光学基底。凹面或倾斜反光镜203围绕可旋转卡盘40”,以帮助或改善边缘固化。对于UV固化工位94的可旋转卡盘40”上的带涂层的光学基底,该抽屉关闭并且闸板打开,以将带涂层的光学基底暴露于UV固化工位94内的UV光(例如来自于汞柱或金属卤化物灯泡)。对于一些实施例,可旋转卡盘40”能够在UV固化工位94内以低速旋转,以进一步确保均匀固化。UV固化工位94内的固化时间可以根据例如具体涂层而改变。IR固化工位92可以具有与UV固化工位94类似的构造,但是包括适当的IR源。IR固化工位92内的固化时间也可以根据例如具体涂层而改变。对于一些实施例,每个固化工位可以包括从惰性气氛(例如但不限于,氩和/或氮)和/或反应性大气环境(例如但不限于,氧气、CO和/或CO2)中选择的大气环境。
对于一些实施例,热固化工位96带有吞吐量传送器98和排放或积聚区域100。在热固化工位中,待热固化的光学基底被置于输入传送器上,例如在传送器98上并排布置。传送器的速度选择成使得带涂层的光学基底具有暴露于固化工位96中的期望温度。对于一些实施例,热固化工位96的烘箱可以是电烘箱和/或燃气烘箱(例如天然气烘箱)。固化时间和温度分布可以根据例如待固化的涂层而改变。对于一些实施例,带涂层的光学基底在热固化工位中暴露于115°-135℃的温度20-40分钟,例如在125℃下暴露30分钟。在至少部分固化之后,带涂层的光学基底前进到积聚区域100,该积聚区域被设计成用以容纳期望数量的光学基底而在它们之间没有边缘接触(例如但不限于,多达30个带涂层的光学基底)。
对于一些实施例,与机械臂18合作的传送器98用于将至少部分地固化的带涂层的光学基底从IR固化工位和/或UV固化工位排出。对于一些实施例,单独的现有传送器(未示出)用来绕过热固化工位96,以便将带涂层的光学基底传送到积聚区域100。
根据一些另外的实施例,光学基底可以进行洗涤,然后涂布,然后在固化之前随后涂布有相同的或不同的涂层材料。对于一些额外的实施例,带涂层的和固化的光学基底可以从固化工位(92、94或96)返回到:(i)洗涤和干燥工位;和/或(ii)涂布机碗状物50,以用于将后续的涂层材料施加到其上。对于一些实施例,光学基底可以从积聚区域100运动回到装载单元20,以用于随后将一种或多种涂层材料施加到其上。
对于一些实施例,本发明的旋转涂布机可以用于生产光学基底,该光学基底上均独立地形成有相同的或不同的涂层叠堆。对于一些实施例,本发明的旋转涂布机可以操作以产生最少量的废弃物。对于一些实施例,本发明的旋转涂布机可以至少部分地自动运行,并且可选地结合到本领域认可的产品跟踪和控制系统中。
已经参考本发明的具体实施例的特定细节描述了本发明。这样的细节并不看做是对本发明的范围的限制,除了它们包含在所附权利要求中的范围和程度之外。
Claims (35)
1.一种旋转涂布机,其包括:
(a)涂布机碗状物,该涂布机碗状物被构造成用以收集从涂布的光学基底排出的多余的涂层材料;
(b)可旋转卡盘,该可旋转卡盘被构造成用以接纳涂布机碗状物中的光学基底,并且被构造成用以在涂布期间使光学基底旋转;
(c)多个涂层贮存器,每个贮存器包含用于选择性地涂布光学基底的涂层材料;以及
(d)可分度涂层贮存器平台,该可分度涂层贮存器平台包含所述多个涂层贮存器,并且被构造成用以将所选择的涂层贮存器分度到涂布机碗状物上方的分配位置中。
2.根据权利要求1所述的旋转涂布机,其中可分度涂层贮存器平台还包括处于分配位置的分配单元,其中分配单元能够与分配位置中的所选择的涂层贮存器接合,以便从接合的所选择的涂层贮存器分配选择量的涂层材料。
3.根据权利要求2所述的旋转涂布机,其中每个涂层贮存器包括用于从涂层贮存器分配涂层材料的可动活塞,并且其中分配单元被构造成用以使分配位置中的所选择的涂层贮存器的可动活塞前进,以便从接合的所选择的涂层贮存器分配选择量的涂层材料。
4.根据权利要求3所述的旋转涂布机,其中分配单元包括马达,该马达被构造成用以使分配位置中的所述所选择的涂层贮存器的可动活塞前进,以分配所述选择量的涂层材料。
5.根据权利要求1所述的旋转涂布机,其中可分度涂层贮存器平台是包括多个不同周边位置的可旋转圆盘传送器,其中每个不同周边位置被构造成用以可逆地接纳所述多个涂层贮存器中的一个涂层贮存器。
6.根据权利要求1所述的旋转涂布机,其中可分度涂层贮存器平台能够作为一个单元从(i)清洗位置,在该清洗位置中,分配位置中的处于涂布机碗状物上方的所选择的涂层贮存器不处于光学基底上方,运动到(ii)至少一个分配位置,在所述至少一个分配位置中,分配位置中的处于涂布机碗状物上方的所选择的涂层贮存器处于光学基底上方。
7.根据权利要求1所述的旋转涂布机,其中每个涂层贮存器包括长形圆筒,该长形圆筒中具有用于从涂层贮存器分配涂层材料的可动活塞,并且其中分配位置中的所选择的涂层贮存器的可动活塞的前进从所选择的涂层贮存器分配涂层材料。
8.根据权利要求7所述的旋转涂布机,其中每个涂层贮存器通过定位在圆筒的远侧端部处的无阀分配孔口分配涂层材料。
9.根据权利要求1所述的旋转涂布机,其中每个涂层贮存器是一次性的塑料注射器。
10.根据权利要求1所述的旋转涂布机,其中旋转涂布机一体地结合有至少一个固化工位,其中每个固化工位独立地构造成用以至少部分地固化施加到光学基底的至少一种涂层材料。
11.根据权利要求10所述的旋转涂布机,其中每个不同固化工位独立地包括以下工位中的至少一者:(i)热固化工位;(ii)UV固化工位;(iii)IR固化工位;以及(iv)上述(i)、(ii)和(iii)中至少两者的组合。
12.根据权利要求11所述的旋转涂布机,其还包括放置机械臂,该机械臂被构造成用以使每个光学基底在涂布机碗状物内的可旋转卡盘与每个固化工位之间运动。
13.根据权利要求12所述的旋转涂布机,其还包括输入定位凹陷部,该输入定位凹陷部定位光学基底以与机械臂接合,其中在光学基底与机械臂初始接合之前,所述输入定位凹陷部能够与光学基底接合。
14.根据权利要求13所述的旋转涂布机,其还包括洗涤和干燥工位,其中所述洗涤和干燥工位被构造成用以选择性地洗涤和干燥每个光学基底,并且能够由机械臂触及。
15.根据权利要求1所述的旋转涂布机,其中旋转涂布机一体地结合有多个固化工位,其中每个固化工位独立地构造成用以至少部分地固化施加到光学基底的至少一种涂层材料。
16.一种旋转涂布机,其包括:
(a)涂布机碗状物,该涂布机碗状物被构造成用以收集从涂布的光学基底排出的多余的涂层材料;
(b)可旋转卡盘,该可旋转卡盘被构造成用以接纳涂布机碗状物中的光学基底,并且被构造成用以在涂布期间使光学基底旋转;以及
(c)至少一个涂层贮存器,其中每个涂层贮存器包含用于选择性地涂布光学基底的涂层材料,并且每个涂层贮存器包括长形圆筒,该长形圆筒中具有用于从涂层贮存器分配涂层材料的可动活塞,并且其中每个涂层贮存器通过定位在圆筒的远侧端部处的无阀分配孔口分配涂层材料。
17.根据权利要求16所述的旋转涂布机,其还包括涂层贮存器平台,该涂层贮存器平台包含每个涂层贮存器并且被构造成用以使所选择的涂层贮存器运动到涂布机碗状物上方的分配位置中,其中涂层贮存器平台还包括处于分配位置处的分配单元,其中分配单元能够与分配位置中的所选择的涂层贮存器的可动活塞接合,以便从接合的所选择的涂层贮存器分配选择量的涂层材料。
18.根据权利要求17所述的旋转涂布机,其中分配单元包括马达,该马达被构造成用以使所述所选择的涂层贮存器的可动活塞前进,以分配所述选择量的涂层材料。
19.根据权利要求18所述的旋转涂布机,其中所述马达是线性步进马达。
20.根据权利要求17所述的旋转涂布机,其中涂层贮存器平台是包括多个不同周边位置的可旋转圆盘传送器,其中每个不同周边位置被构造成用以可逆地接纳多个涂层贮存器中的一个涂层贮存器。
21.根据权利要求17所述的旋转涂布机,其中涂层贮存器平台能够作为一个单元从(i)清洗位置,在该清洗位置中,分配位置中的处于涂布机碗状物上方的所选择的涂层贮存器不处于光学基底上方,运动到(ii)至少一个分配位置,在所述至少一个分配位置中,分配位置中的处于涂布机碗状物上方的所选择的涂层贮存器处于光学基底上方。
22.根据权利要求16所述的旋转涂布机,其中每个涂层贮存器是一次性的塑料注射器。
23.根据权利要求16所述的旋转涂布机,其中旋转涂布机一体地结合有至少一个固化工位,其中每个固化工位独立地构造成用以选择性地、至少部分地固化施加到光学基底的至少一种涂层材料,其中每个不同固化工位独立地包括以下工位中的至少一者:(i)热固化工位;(ii)UV固化工位;(iii)IR固化工位;以及(iv)上述(i)、(ii)和(iii)中至少两者的组合。
24.根据权利要求23所述的旋转涂布机,其还包括,
放置机械臂,该机械臂被构造成用以使每个光学基底在(i)涂布机碗状物内的可旋转卡盘与(ii)每个固化工位之间运动,以及
输入定位凹陷部,该输入定位凹陷部定位光学基底以与机械臂接合,其中在光学基底与机械臂初始接合之前,所述输入定位凹陷部能够与光学基底接合。
25.根据权利要求24所述的旋转涂布机,其还包括,
洗涤和干燥工位,该洗涤和干燥工位被构造成用以选择性地洗涤和干燥每个光学基底,并且能够由机械臂触及。
26.一种旋转涂布机,其包括:
(a)涂布机碗状物,该涂布机碗状物被构造成用以收集从涂布的光学基底排出的多余的涂层材料;
(b)可旋转卡盘,该可旋转卡盘被构造成用以接纳涂布机碗状物中的光学基底,并且被构造成用以在涂布期间使光学基底旋转;
(c)多个涂层贮存器,每个贮存器包含用于选择性地涂布光学基底的涂层材料;以及
(d)至少一个固化工位,其中每个固化工位独立地构造成用以选择性地、至少部分地固化施加到光学基底的至少一种涂层材料,其中每个固化工位独立地包括以下工位中的至少一者:(i)热固化工位;(ii)UV固化工位;(iii)IR固化工位;以及(iv)上述(i)、(ii)和(iii)中至少两者的组合。
27.根据权利要求26所述的旋转涂布机,其还包括,
放置机械臂,该机械臂被构造成用以使每个光学基底在(i)涂布机碗状物内的所述可旋转卡盘与(ii)每个不同固化工位之间运动,
输入定位凹陷部,该输入定位凹陷部定位光学基底以与机械臂接合,其中在光学基底与机械臂初始接合之前,所述输入定位凹陷部能够与光学基底接合,以及
洗涤和干燥工位,该洗涤和干燥工位被构造成用以选择性地洗涤和干燥每个光学基底,并且能够由机械臂触及。
28.根据权利要求26所述的旋转涂布机,其还包括,
可分度涂层贮存器平台,该可分度涂层贮存器平台包含所述多个涂层贮存器并且被构造成用以将所选择的涂层贮存器分度到涂布机碗状物上方的分配位置中,其中可分度涂层贮存器平台还包括处于分配位置处的分配单元,其中分配单元能够与分配位置中的所选择的涂层贮存器接合,以便从接合的所选择的涂层贮存器分配选择量的涂层材料。
29.根据权利要求28所述的旋转涂布机,其中每个涂层贮存器包括用于从涂层贮存器分配涂层材料的可动活塞,并且其中分配单元被构造成用以使分配位置中的所选择的涂层贮存器的可动活塞前进,以便从接合的所选择的涂层贮存器分配选择量的涂层材料。
30.根据权利要求29所述的旋转涂布机,其中分配单元包括马达,该马达被构造成用以使所述所选择的涂层贮存器的可动活塞前进,以分配所述选择量的涂层材料。
31.根据权利要求30所述的旋转涂布机,其中所述马达是线性步进马达。
32.根据权利要求28所述的旋转涂布机,其中可分度涂层贮存器平台是包括多个不同周边位置的可旋转圆盘传送器,其中每个不同周边位置被构造成用以可逆地接纳所述多个涂层贮存器中的一个涂层贮存器。
33.根据权利要求28所述的旋转涂布机,其中可分度涂层贮存器平台能够作为一个单元从(i)清洗位置,在该清洗位置中,分配位置中的处于涂布机碗状物上方的所选择的涂层贮存器不处于光学基底上方,运动到(ii)至少一个分配位置,在所述至少一个分配位置中,分配位置中的处于涂布机碗状物上方的所选择的涂层贮存器处于光学基底上方。
34.根据权利要求26所述的旋转涂布机,其中每个涂层贮存器包括长形圆筒,该长形圆筒中具有用于从涂层贮存器分配涂层材料的可动活塞,并且其中分配位置中的所选择的涂层贮存器的可动活塞的前进从所选择的涂层贮存器分配涂层材料,并且其中每个涂层贮存器通过定位在圆筒的远侧端部处的无阀分配孔口分配涂层。
35.根据权利要求26所述的旋转涂布机,其中每个涂层贮存器是一次性的塑料注射器。
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CN111201127A (zh) * | 2017-09-07 | 2020-05-26 | 光学转变有限公司 | 用于涂覆光学基板的涂覆系统,其方法和被涂覆的光学基板 |
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