CN103918155A - 用于车辆中的电力存储设备的物理安全的装置、方法及物品 - Google Patents

用于车辆中的电力存储设备的物理安全的装置、方法及物品 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103918155A
CN103918155A CN201280046983.1A CN201280046983A CN103918155A CN 103918155 A CN103918155 A CN 103918155A CN 201280046983 A CN201280046983 A CN 201280046983A CN 103918155 A CN103918155 A CN 103918155A
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China
Prior art keywords
electric energy
portable electric
memory device
locking mechanism
energy storage
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CN201280046983.1A
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CN103918155B (zh
Inventor
马修·怀廷·泰勒
吴义宗
学深·贺瑞斯·卢克
黄雄成
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Gogoro Inc
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Gogoro Inc
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    • B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
    • B60L3/0023—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train
    • B60L3/0046—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train relating to electric energy storage systems, e.g. batteries or capacitors
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Abstract

一种收集、充电及分配机器的网络收集、充电及分配便携式电能存储设备(例如，电池、超级电容器或超电容器)。除非每一便携式电能存储设备向其供电的车辆处于收集、充电及分配机器或诸如服务中心中的经授权外部设备的其他经授权外部设备附近，否则依据预设，每一便携式电能存储设备锁定于该车辆中且可操作地连接至该车辆，以避免对这种便携式电能存储设备的盗窃及损坏。一旦处于收集、充电及分配机器或其他经授权外部设备附近，该车辆中或该便携式电能存储设备内的锁定机构便解锁，且允许交换或服务该便携式电能存储设备。

Description

用于车辆中的电力存储设备的物理安全的装置、方法及物品
对相关申请的交叉引用
本申请案依据35U.S.C.119(e)主张以下专利申请案的申请日的权利：题为“APPARATUS，METHOD AND ARTICLE FOR COLLECTION，CHARGING AND DISTRIBUTING POWER STORAGE DEVICES，SUCH AS BATTERIES”且于2011年7月26日申请的美国临时专利申请案第61/511，900号(代理人案号170178.401P1)；题为“APPARATUS，METHOD AND ARTICLE FOR COLLECTION，CHARGING AND DISTRIBUTING POWER STORAGE DEVICES，SUCH AS BATTERIES”且于2012年5月16日申请的美国临时专利申请案第61/647，936号(代理人案号170178.401P2)；题为“APPARATUS，METHOD AND ARTICLE FOR REDISTRIBUTINGPOWER STORAGE DEVICES，SUCH AS BATTERIES，BETWEENCOLLECTION，CHARGING AND DISTRIBUTION MACHINES”且于2011年9月14日申请的美国临时专利申请案第61/534，753号(代理人案号170178.402P1)；题为“APPARATUS，METHOD AND ARTICLEFOR AUTHENTICATION，SECURITY AND CONTROL OF POWERSTORAGE DEVICES SUCH AS BATTERIES”且于2011年9月14日申请的美国临时专利申请案第61/534，761号(代理人案号170178.403P1)；题为“APPARATUS，METHOD AND ARTICLE FORAUTHENTICATION，SECURITY AND CONTROL OF POWERSTORAGE DEVICES，SUCH AS BATTERIES，BASED ON USERPROFILES”且于2011年9月14日申请的美国临时专利申请案第61/534，772号(代理人案号170178.404P1)；题为“THERMALMANAGEMENT OF COMPONENT S IN ELECTRIC MOTOR DRIVEVEHICLES”且于2011年7月26日申请的美国临时专利申请案第61/511，887号(代理人案号170178.406P1)；题为“THERMALMANAGEMENT OF COMPONENT S IN ELECTRIC MOTOR DRIVEVEHICLES”且于2012年5月16日申请的美国临时专利申请案第61/647，941号(代理人案号170178.406P2)；题为“DYNAMICALLYLIMITING VEHICLE OPERATION FOR BEST EFFORT ECONOMY”且于2011年7月26日申请的美国临时专利申请案第61/511，880号(代理人案号170178.407P1)；题为“APPARATUS，METHOD，ANDARTICLE FOR PHYSICAL SECURITY OF POWER STORAGEDEVICES IN VEHICLES”且于2011年11月8日申请的美国临时专利申请案第61/557，170号(代理人案号170178.408P1)；题为“APPARATUS，METHOD AND ARTICLE FOR A POWER STORAGEDEVICE COMPARTMENT”且于2011年12月29日申请的美国临时专利申请案第61/581，566号(代理人案号170178.412P1)；题为“APPARATUS，METHOD AND ARTICLE FOR PROVIDINGVEHICLE DIAGNOSTIC DATA”且于2012年2月21日申请的美国临时专利申请案第61/601，404号(代理人案号170178.417P1)；题为“APPARATUS，METHOD AND ARTICLE FOR PROVIDINGLOCATION S OF POWER STORAGE DEVICE COLLECTION，CHARGING AND DISTRIBUTION MACHINES”且于2012年2月22日申请的美国临时专利申请案第61/601，949号(代理人案号170178.418P1)；及题为“APPARATUS，METHOD AND ARTICLE FORPROVIDING INFORMATION REGARDING AVAILABILITY OFPOWER S TORAGE DEVICE S AT A POWER S TORAGE DEVICECOLLECTION，CHARGING AND DISTRIBUTION MACHINE”且于2012年2月22日申请的美国临时专利申请案第61/601，953号(代理人案号170178.419P1)。
技术领域
本发明大体涉及电力存储设备的物理安全，且特定言之，涉及车辆中的电力存储设备的物理安全。
背景技术
存在用于便携式电力存储设备的广泛的各种各样的用途或应用。
一个这样的应用在运输的领域中。混合及全电动车辆正变得日益普遍。这些车辆可实现相较于传统内燃机车辆的许多优势。举例而言，混合或电动车辆可实现较高燃料经济，且可具有极少或甚至零尾气污染。详言之，全电动车辆不仅可具有零尾气污染，而且可与较低总污染相关联。举例而言，可从可再生能源(例如，太阳、水电)产生电力。再者，举例而言，可在不产生空气污染的发电厂(例如，核电厂)产生电力。再者，举例而言，可在燃烧相对“清洁燃烧”燃料(例如，天然气)的发电厂产生电力，这种发电厂具有比内燃机高的效率及/或使用对于供个人车辆使用而言过大、成本高或昂贵的污染控制或消除系统(例如，工业空气洗涤器)。
个人运输车辆(诸如，燃机动力小轮机踏车及/或机动脚踏车)在许多地方普遍存在，例如，在亚洲的许多大城市。这些小轮机踏车及/或机动脚踏车往往相对较不贵，特别与汽车、小汽车或卡车相比而言。具有大量燃机小轮机踏车及/或机动脚踏车的城市亦往往有非常密集的人口，且受到高度空气污染。新近以来，许多燃机小轮机踏车及/或机动脚踏车提供相对较低的个人运输污染源。举例而言，这些小轮机踏车及/或机动脚踏车可具有比较大车辆高的里程额定值。一些小轮机踏车及/或机动脚踏车可甚至装备有基本污染控制设备(例如，催化转换器)。不幸地，若使用小轮机踏车及/或机动脚踏车且不加维护及/或若因(例如)催化转换器的故意或无意移除而修改小轮机踏车及/或机动脚踏车，则迅速超过了工厂指定排放等级。小轮机踏车及/或机动脚踏车的拥有者或操作者常缺少维护其车辆的财源或动机。
已知空气污染对人的健康具有负面影响，与造成或加重各种疾病相关联(例如，各种报告将空气污染与气肿、哮喘、肺炎及囊肿性纤维化以及各种心血管疾病相联系)。这些疾病夺走了大量生命，且严重降低了无数其他人的生命质量。
发明内容
一种用于便携式电能存储设备的便携式电能存储设备安全系统可概述为包括：至少一个控制器；及至少一个通信模块，其耦接至该至少一个控制器，其中该至少一个控制器被配置为：经由该通信模块接收关于外部设备的认证的信息；及响应于接收到关于认证的该信息，解锁便携式电能存储设备锁定机构以允许将该便携式电能存储设备从可操作地连接至车辆移除。
该至少一个控制器可被配置为基于关于认证的所接收的信息作出关于解锁该便携式电能存储设备锁定机构的确定。该至少一个控制器可进一步被配置为：产生要发送至该外部设备的挑战密钥；将该挑战密钥发送至该外部设备；从该外部设备接收对发送该挑战密钥的响应，该响应包括响应码，作为关于认证的该信息的一部分；使用秘密密钥及该响应码作为输入，从秘密算法产生输出，该秘密算法及该秘密密钥被配置为仅为该便携式电能存储设备安全系统及一个或更多个经授权外部设备所知；及比较来自该秘密算法的该输出与该响应码，且其中该至少一个控制器被配置为至少基于该比较作出关于解锁该便携式电能存储设备锁定机构的确定。所配置的便携式电能存储设备安全系统可耦接至该车辆，或可整合为该便携式电能存储设备的一部分。该外部设备可为便携式电能存储设备收集及充电机器。该外部设备可为位于车辆服务中心的设备。该至少一个通信模块可被配置为经由无线信号接收关于该外部设备的认证的该信息，且将该信息传送至该至少一个控制器以解锁该便携式电能存储设备锁定机构，以便允许将该便携式电能存储设备从可操作地连接至该车辆移除。该便携式电能存储设备安全系统可进一步包括：该便携式电能存储设备锁定机构，其耦接至该至少一个控制器；及开关，其耦接至该便携式电能存储设备锁定机构及该至少一个控制器，该开关被配置为通过由所配置的便携式电能存储设备安全系统的该至少一个控制器产生的控制信号启动，其中该控制器被配置为：在该外部设备系基于关于认证的信息而被认证的情况下，以一种方式发送该信号，以解锁该便携式电能存储设备锁定机构以便允许将该便携式电能存储设备从可操作地连接至该车辆移除；及在于、所定义的时间周期之后不再可经由该通信模块接收到关于该外部设备的认证的该信息的情况下，以一种方式发送该信号，以锁定该便携式电能存储设备锁定机构以便防止将该便携式电能存储设备从可操作地连接至该车辆移除。该至少一个控制器可被配置为经由从该外部设备发送的无线信号接收关于认证的该信息。在一些实施例中，在距该便携式电能存储设备安全系统通信模块达指定最大范围外，无法检测到从该外部设备发送的该无线信号。该无线信号可包括用于由该至少一个控制器进行的对外部设备的认证的滚动码。该便携式电能存储设备安全系统可进一步包括电力接口，其耦接至该至少一个控制器且被配置为耦接至该便携式电能存储设备及该电能存储设备锁定机构，以向该电能存储设备锁定机构供电。该电力接口可被配置为耦接至不同于该便携式电能存储设备的辅助电源，以在该便携式电能存储设备不能够提供足够电力以操作该电能存储设备锁定机构的情况下，向该电能存储设备锁定机构供电。
一种操作便携式电能存储设备安全系统的方法可概述为包括：由该便携式电能存储设备安全系统接收关于外部设备的认证的信息；及由该便携式电能存储设备安全系统基于关于认证的该信息作出关于解锁便携式电能存储设备锁定机构以允许将便携式电能存储设备从可操作地连接至车辆移除的确定。
该接收该信息可包括：经由从便携式电能存储设备收集、充电及分配机器发送的无线信号接收关于认证的该信息，且其中在距该便携式电能存储设备安全系统的通信模块达指定最大范围外，可能无法检测到从该收集、充电及分配机器接收的该无线信号。该方法可进一步包括：在该外部设备基于关于认证的该信息而被认证的情况下，以一种方式从该便携式电能存储设备安全系统的控制器发送信号，以解锁该便携式电能存储设备锁定机构以便允许将该便携式电能存储设备从可操作地连接至该车辆移除；及在所定义的时间周期之后不再可继续经由该便携式电能存储设备的通信模块接收到关于该外部设备的认证的该信息的情况下，以一种方式从该便携式电能存储设备安全系统的该控制器发送信号，以锁定该便携式电能存储设备锁定机构以便防止将该便携式电能存储设备从可操作地连接至该车辆移除。该便携式电能存储设备安全系统可整合为该便携式电能存储设备的一部分。该便携式电能存储设备安全系统可耦接至该车辆。作出该确定可包括：比较来自关于认证的所接收的信息的码与关联于该便携式电能存储设备安全系统的一个或更多个码，且可进一步包括：在来自关于认证的所接收的信息的该码与关联于该便携式电能存储设备的该一个或更多个码中的一个匹配的情况下，解锁该便携式电能存储设备锁定机构以允许将该便携式电能存储设备从可操作地连接至该车辆移除；及在所定义的时间周期之后不再可经由该便携式电能存储设备的通信模块接收到关于该外部设备的认证的该信息的情况下，或在所定义的时间周期之后来自所接收的信息的码不再与当前关联于该便携式电能存储设备安全系统的一个或更多个码中的至少一个或一个匹配的情况下，锁定该便携式电能存储设备锁定机构以便防止将该便携式电能存储设备从可操作地连接至该车辆移除。该方法可进一步包括：产生要发送至该外部设备的挑战密钥；将该挑战密钥发送至该外部设备；从该外部设备接收对发送该挑战密钥的响应，该响应包括响应码，作为关于认证的该信息的一部分；使用秘密密钥及该响应码作为输入，从秘密算法产生输出，该秘密算法及该秘密密钥被配置为仅为该便携式电能存储设备安全系统及一个或更多个经授权的外部设备所知；及比较来自该秘密算法的该输出与该响应码，且其中作出关于解锁该便携式电能存储设备锁定机构的确定是至少基于该比较。
一种便携式电能存储设备可概述为包括：电池单元；及安全系统，其可操作地耦接至该电池单元，该安全系统被配置为基于关于外部设备的认证的无线接收的信息而允许将该便携式电能存储设备从可操作地连接至车辆移除。
该安全系统可包括：至少一个控制器；及至少一个通信模块，其耦接至该至少一个控制器，其中该至少一个控制器被配置为：经由该通信模块接收关于外部设备的认证的信息；及基于关于认证的该信息，作出关于解锁便携式电能存储设备锁定机构以允许将该便携式电能存储设备从可操作地连接至该车辆移除的确定。该安全系统可进一步包括：该便携式电能存储设备锁定机构，其耦接至该至少一个控制器；及电力接口，其被配置为耦接至该至少一个控制器，且耦接至不同于该便携式电能存储设备的辅助电源，以在该便携式电能存储设备不能够提供足够电力以操作该电能存储设备锁定机构的情况下，向该电能存储设备锁定机构供电。
附图说明
在附图中，相同参考数字识别类似的组件或动作。在附图中的组件的大小及相对位置不一定按比例绘制。举例而言，各种组件的形状及角度未按比例绘制，且这些组件中的一些组件经任意放大及定位以改良附图辨视性。另外，所绘制的组件的特定形状并不意欲传送关于特定组件的实际形状的任何信息，且仅为了易于附图中的辨识而选择。
图1为根据一非限制性示意实施例的收集、充电及分配机器以及若干电力存储设备、以及电动小轮机踏车及/或机动脚踏车及经由供电网格提供的电力服务的示意图。
图2为根据一非限制性示意实施例的图1的收集、充电及分配机器的方框图。
图3为根据一非限制性示意实施例的图1的小轮机踏车或机动脚踏车的便携式电能存储设备的便携式电能存储设备物理安全系统的方框图，该小轮机踏车或机动脚踏车在一例子中与图1的收集、充电及分配机器无线通信且在另一例子中与小轮机踏车或机动脚踏车服务中心无线通信。
图4为根据一非限制性示意实施例的图3的锁定机构控制器的示意图。
图5为根据一非限制性示意实施例的图1及图3的便携式电能存储设备的横截面正视图，该便携式电能存储设备耦接至图3的便携式电能存储设备物理安全系统且锁定于图1及图3的小轮机踏车内的可操作位置中。
图6为根据一非限制性示意替代实施例的图1及图3的便携式电能存储设备的一替代实施例的横截面正视图，其中图3的便携式电能存储设备物理安全系统与图1及图3的便携式电能存储设备整合且为图1及图3的便携式电能存储设备的一部分。
图7为展示根据一非限制性示意实施例的操作图3至图6的锁定机构控制器的高阶方法的流程图。
图8为展示根据一非限制性示意实施例的操作图3至图6的锁定机构控制器的低阶方法的流程图，该低阶方法包括可用于图7的方法中的接受便携式电能存储设备充电。
图9为展示根据一非限制性示意实施例的操作图3至图6的锁定机构控制器的低阶方法的流程图，该低阶方法包括可用于图7及图8的方法中的发送信号以锁定及解锁便携式电能存储设备锁定机构。
具体实施方式
在以下描述中，阐明了某些特定细节以便提供对各种所揭示的实施例的透彻理解。然而，本领域技术人员应认识到，可在无这些特定细节中的一或多个的情况下或藉由其他方法、组件、材料等来实践实施例。在其他情况下，未详细展示或描述与售货装置、电池、超级电容器或超电容器、电力转换器(包括(但不限于)变压器、整流器、DC/DC电力转换器、开关模式电力转换器、控制器及通信系统及结构)及网络相关联的熟知结构，以避免不必要地使实施例的描述晦涩难懂。
除非上下文另有需要，否则贯穿本说明书及接下来的权利要求书，词“包括(comprise)”及其变化形式(诸如，“comprises”及“comprising”)应按开放的包括性意义来解释，亦即，解释为“包括但不限于”。
贯穿本说明书的对“一项实施例”或“一实施例”的提及意谓结合该实施例描述的特定特征、结构或特性包括于至少一个实施例中。因此，词组“在一项实施例中”或“在一实施例中”在贯穿本说明书的各处中的出现不一定均指代相同实施例。
诸如第一、第二及第三的序数词的使用未必暗示次序的排名意义，而是可能仅区分动作或结构的多个例项。
对便携式电力存储设备的提及意谓能够存储电力及释放所存储电力的任何设备，包括(但不限于)电池、超级电容器或超电容器。对电池的提及意谓一个或更多个化学存储电池单元，例如，可再充电或二次电池单元(secondary battery cell)，包括(但不限于)镍镉合金或锂离子电池单元。
本文中提供的本发明的标题及发明摘要仅为了便利起见，且并不解译实施例的范围或意义。
图1展示根据一示意实施例的环境100，其包括收集、充电及分配机器102。
收集、充电及分配机器102可呈自动售货机或公共信息查询站的形式。收集、充电及分配机器102具有多个接纳器、收容空间或插座104a、104b至104n(在图1中仅引出三个，统称为104)，以可拆卸地接纳用于收集、充电及分配的便携式电能存储设备(例如，电池、超级电容器或超电容器)106a至106n(统称为106)。如图1中示意，接纳器104中的一些接纳器为空的，而其他接纳器104容纳便携式电能存储设备106。虽然图1展示每一接纳器104一个便携式电能存储设备106，但在一些实施例中，每一接纳器104可容纳两个或甚至两个以上便携式电能存储设备106。举例而言，接纳器104中的每一个可足够深以接纳三个便携式电能存储设备106。因此，举例而言，图1中示意的收集、充电及分配机器102可具有能够同时容纳40个、80个或120个便携式电能存储设备106的容量。
便携式电能存储设备106可呈各种各样的形式，例如，电池(例如，电池单元阵列)或超级电容器或超电容器(例如，超电容器电池阵列)。举例而言，便携式电能存储设备106z可呈可再充电电池(亦即，二次电池单元(secondary cell)或二次电池(secondary battery))的形式。便携式电能存储设备106z可(例如)经设定大小以物理地配合个人运输车辆(诸如，全电动小轮机踏车或机动脚踏车108)且对个人运输车辆供电。如先前所注释，燃机小轮机踏车及机动脚踏车在许多大城市(例如，在亚洲、欧洲及中东)普遍。在整个城市或地区便利地接入已充电的电池的能力可促进使用全电动小轮机踏车及机动脚踏车108代替燃机小轮机踏车及机动脚踏车，藉此减轻空气污染以及减少噪音。
便携式电能存储设备106(仅便携式电能存储设备106z可见)可包括可从便携式电能存储设备106z的外部接入的数个电气端子110a、110b(示意两个，统称为110)。电气端子110允许从便携式电能存储设备106z传递电荷，以及允许将电荷传递至便携式电能存储设备106z以用于对便携式电能存储设备106z充电或再充电。虽然在图1中示意为接线柱，但电气端子110可呈可从便携式电能存储设备106z的外部接入的任何其他形式，包括安置于电池外壳中的槽内的电气端子。由于可将便携式电能存储设备106借出、租赁及/或租借给公众时，因此希望控制如何及在何种情况下可将便携式电能存储设备106从可操作地连接至其提供电力所针对的车辆移除。对便携式电能存储设备106的物理安全的这种控制有助于防止对便携式电能存储设备106的盗窃及/或误用。下文参看图3至图9更详细地描述用于便携式电能存储设备106的物理安全的系统及方法，包括用于控制便携式电能存储设备106从车辆的移除的安全系统，且这种系统及方法可用于本文中所描述的用于对便携式电能存储设备106进行收集、充电及分配的总系统中。
收集、充电及分配机器102安置于某一位置112处，在位置112处，收集、充电及分配机器102可由各种终端用户便利地且容易地接入。位置可呈大量各种各样的形式中的任一种，例如，零售环境，诸如，便利商店、超市、加油站(gas或petrol station)或服务中心。或者，收集、充电及分配机器102可独立地处于与现有零售或其他商务不相关联的位置112处，例如，在公共公园或其他公共场所。因此，举例而言，收集、充电及分配机器102可位于整个城市或地区的便利商店连锁店中的每一商店处。此情形可有利地依赖于以下事实：便利商店常常系基于对目标人群或人口统计的便利来选址或分配。这种情形可有利地依赖于预先存在的对店面或其他零售位置的租赁，以允许迅速地在城市或地区中发展收集、充电及分配机器102的广泛网络。迅速地实现提供当在全电动小轮机踏车或机动脚踏车108中时便携式电能存储设备106的物理安全的大网络增强了取决于此系统及此努力的很可能的商业成功的能力。
位置112可包括电力服务114以(例如)经由网格116从发电站(未图示)接收电力。电力服务114可(例如)包括电力服务计量表114a、电路面板(例如，断路器面板或保险丝盒)114b、布线114c及电插口114d中的一或多个。在位置112为现有零售或便利商店的情况下，电力服务114可为现有电力服务，因此可能在额定值上稍微受限(例如，120伏特、240伏特、220伏特、230伏特、15安培)。
视情况，收集、充电及分配机器102可包括或耦接至再生电源。举例而言，在安装于外部位置的情况下，收集、充电及分配机器102可包括一光伏打(PV)电池阵列118以从太阳日照产生电力。或者，收集、充电及分配机器102可电耦接至微型涡轮机(例如，风力涡轮机)或安置于位置112处的其他处(例如，在屋顶部或装设于柱(未图示)的顶部上)的PV阵列。
收集、充电及分配机器102可通信耦接至一个或更多个位于远程的计算机系统，诸如，后端或后台系统(仅示出了一个)120。后端或后台系统120可从多个收集、充电及分配机器102收集数据及/或控制多个收集、充电及分配机器102，该多个收集、充电及分配机器102分配于诸如城市的区域各处。在一些实施例中，后端或后台系统120可从多个便携式电能存储设备106收集数据及/或控制多个便携式电能存储设备106，诸如，通过产生、追踪、发送及/或接收包括在由收集、充电及分配机器102发送至全电动小轮机踏车或机动脚踏车108或其他车辆的无线信号126中的一个或更多个码。发送及/或接收一个或更多个码实现对便携式电能存储设备106的接入，以用于在全电动小轮机踏车或机动脚踏车108处于收集、充电及分配机器102附近时从相应全电动小轮机踏车或机动脚踏车108移除。后端或后台系统120与收集、充电及分配机器102之间的通信可发生于包括一个或更多个网络122的一个或更多个通信信道或非网络化的通信信道上。通信可在一个或更多个有线通信信道(例如，双绞线布线、光纤)、无线通信信道(例如，无线电、微波、卫星、符合801.11)上。联网的通信信道可包括一个或更多个局域网(LAN)、广域网(WAN)、企业外部网络、企业内部网络或因特网(包括因特网的全球信息网部分)。
收集、充电及分配机器102可包括用户接口124。用户接口可包括各种各样的输入/输出(I/O)设备以允许终端用户与收集、充电及分配机器102互动。参看接着的图2引出且描述各种I/O设备。
图2展示根据一示意实施例的图1的收集、充电及分配机器102。
收集、充电及分配机器102包括控制子系统202、充电子系统204、通信子系统206及用户接口子系统208。
控制子系统202包括控制器210，例如，微处理器、微控制器、可编程逻辑控制器(PLC)、可编程门阵列(PGA)、专用集成电路(ASIC)，或能够从各种传感器接收信号、执行逻辑运算及将信号发送至各种组件的另一控制器。通常，控制器210可呈微处理器(例如，INTEL、AMD、ATOM)的形式。控制子系统202亦可包括一个或更多个非易失性处理器或计算机可读存储媒体，例如，只读存储器(ROM)212、随机存取存储器(RAM)214及数据存储器216(例如，诸如闪存或EEPROM的固态存储媒体，或诸如硬盘的旋转存储媒体)。非易失性处理器或计算机可读存储媒体212、214、216可为作为控制器210的一部分的任伺非易失性存储媒体(例如，寄存器)的补充。控制子系统202可包括将各种组件耦接在一起的一个或更多个总线218(仅示出了一个)，例如，一个或更多个电力总线、指令总线、数据总线等。
如所示意，ROM212或非易失性处理器或计算机可读存储媒体212、214、216中的某一个存储指令及/或变量或参数的数据或值。这种数据集可呈各种各样的形式，例如，查找表、数据库中的记录集合等。指令及数据或值的集合可由控制器210来执行。指令及数据或值的集合的执行使得控制器210执行特定动作以使收集、充电及分配机器102收集、充电及分配便携式能量存储设备，且发送一个或更多个信号，该一个或更多个信号实现对便携式电能存储设备106的接入以用于在全电动小轮机踏车或机动脚踏车108处于收集、充电及分配机器102附近时从全电动小轮机踏车或机动脚踏车108移除。收集、充电及分配机器102的特定操作在本文中且亦在以下参看图3及各种流程图(图7至图9)加以描述(在为外部设备的上下文中，该外部设备经认证以便允许将便携式电能存储设备106从可操作地连接至全电动小轮机踏车或机动脚踏车108移除)。
控制器210可按习知方式将RAM214用于指令、数据等的易失性存储。控制器210可使用数据存储器216来记录或保留信息，例如，实现对便携式电能存储设备106的接入以用于在全电动小轮机踏车或机动脚踏车108处于收集、充电及分配机器102附近时从全电动小轮机踏车或机动脚踏车108移除的一个或更多个码，及/或与收集、充电及分配机器102自身的操作有关的信息。指令可由控制器210执行以响应于终端用户或操作者输入且使用变量或参数的数据或值来控制收集、充电及分配机器102的操作。
控制子系统202从各种传感器及/或收集、充电及分配机器102的其他组件接收信号，这种信号包括特征化或指示这些其他组件的操作、状态或状况的信息。传感器在图2中由出现在圆圈中连同有适当下标字母的字母S表示。
举例而言，一个或更多个位置传感器SP1至SPN可检测在接纳器104中的每一个处的便携式电力存储设备106的存在或不存在。位置传感器SP1至SPN可呈各种各样的形式。举例而言，位置传感器SP1至SPN可呈机械开关的形式，这种机械开关响应于在将便携式电力存储设备106插入至接纳器104中时与相应便携式电力存储设备106的一部分接触而闭合或者断开。亦举例而言，位置传感器SP1至SPN可呈光学开关(亦即，光源及接纳器)的形式，这种光学开关响应于在将便携式电力存储设备106插入至接纳器104中时与相应便携式电力存储设备106的一部分接触而闭合或者断开。亦举例而言，位置传感器SP1至SPN可呈电传感器或开关的形式，这种电传感器或开关响应于检测到以下情形而闭合或者断开：由于在将便携式电力存储设备106插入至接纳器104中时与相应便携式电力存储设备106的端子110接触建立的闭合电路状况，或由于接纳器104中缺少相应便携式电力存储设备106而产生的开路状况。这些实例意欲为非限制性的，且注意，可使用用于检测便携式电力存储设备106的存在/不存在或甚至便携式电力存储设备106至接纳器中的插入的任何其他结构及设备。
举例而言，一个或更多个电荷传感器SC1至SCN可检测接纳器104中的每一个处的便携式电力存储设备106的电荷。电荷传感器SC1至SCN可检测由便携式电力存储设备106存储的电荷量。电荷传感器SC1至SCN可另外检测正供应至接纳器104中的每一个处的便携式电力存储设备106中的便携式电力存储设备的电荷量及/或充电速率。这种情形可允许评估每一便携式电力存储设备106的当前(亦即，瞬时)充电状况或状态，以及允许对便携式电力存储设备106的充电进行反馈控制，包括对充电速率的控制。电荷传感器SC1至SCN可包括任何各种各样的电流及/或电压传感器。
举例而言，一个或更多个电荷传感器ST1(仅示出了一个)可检测或感测接纳器104处或在周围环境中的温度。
控制子系统202响应于控制信号而将信号提供至各种致动器及/或其他组件，这种信号包括特征化或指示组件将执行的操作或组件应进入的状态或状况的信息。控制信号、响应于控制信号的致动器或其他组件在图2中由出现在圆圈中连同有适当下标字母的字母C表示。
举例而言，一个或更多个引擎控制信号CA1至CAN可影响一个或更多个致动器220(仅示出了一个)的操作。举例而言，控制信号CA1可使得致动器220在第一位置与第二位置之间移动或改变由致动器220产生的磁场。致动器220可呈各种各样的形式中的任一种，包括(但不限于)螺线管、诸如步进马达的电动马达或电磁体。致动器220可经耦接以操作闩锁、锁或其他保持机构222。闩锁、锁或其他保持机构222可选择性地紧固或保持接纳器104(图1)中的一个或更多个便携式电力存储设备106(图1)。举例而言，闩锁、锁或其他保持机构222可物理地耦接至作为便携式电力存储设备106(图1)的外壳的一部分的互补结构。或者，闩锁、锁或其他保持器机构222可磁性地耦接至为为便携式电力存储设备106(图1)的外壳的一部分的互补结构。又举例而言，闩锁、锁或其他保持机构222可开启接纳器104(图1)，或可允许开启接纳器104，以接纳部分或完全放电的便携式电力存储设备106以用于充电。举例而言，致动器可开启及/或关闭至接纳器104(图1)的门，以选择性地提供对接纳于其中的便携式电力存储设备106(图1)的接入。又举例而言，致动器可开启及/或关闭闩锁或锁，从而允许终端用户开启及/或关闭至接纳器104(图1)的门，以选择性地提供对接纳于其中的便携式电力存储设备106(图1)的接入。
控制子系统202可包括一个或更多个端口224a以将控制信号提供给充电子系统204的一个或更多个端口224b。端口224a、224b可提供双向通信。控制子系统202可包括一个或更多个端口226a以将控制信号提供给用户接口子系统208的一个或更多个端口226b。端口226a、226b可提供双向通信。
充电子系统204包括各种电组件及电子组件，以在便携式电力存储设备106安置或接纳于接纳器104中时对便携式电力存储设备106充电。举例而言，充电子系统204可包括一个或更多个电力总线或电力母线、继电器、接触器或其他开关(例如，绝缘栅双极晶体管或IGBT、金属氧化物半导体晶体管或MOSFET)、整流桥、电流传感器、接地故障电路等。经由可呈各种各样的形式(例如，端子、引线、接线柱等)中的任一种的接触点来供应电力。这种接触点允许电耦接各种组件。一些可能的实施方案示意于图2中。这种情形并不意欲为详尽的。可使用额外组件，同时可省略其他组件。
示意的充电子系统204包括第一电力转换器230，其经由线路或接电线232从电力服务114(图1)接收电力。电力通常将呈单相、两相或三相AC电力的形式。因而，第一电力转换器230可能需要转换及以其他方式调节经由电力服务114(图1)接收的电力，(例如)以用于将AC波形整流至DC，变换电压、电流及相位，以及减少瞬态及噪声。因此，第一电力转换器230可包括变压器234、整流器236、DC/DC电力转换器238及滤波器240。
变压器234可呈任何各种各样的市售变压器的形式，这种市售变压器具有用于处置经由电力服务114(图1)接收的电力的合适额定值。一些实施例可使用多个变压器。变压器234可有利地提供收集、充电及分配机器102的组件与网格116(图1)之间的电流隔离。整流器236可呈各种各样的形式(例如，全桥二极管整流器或开关模式整流器)中的任一种。整流器236可经操作以将AC电力变换至DC电力。DC/DC电力转换器238可呈大量各种各样的形式中的任一种。举例而言，DC/DC电力转换器238可呈开关模式DC/DC电力转换器的形式(例如，在半桥或全桥配置中使用IGBT或MOSFET)，且可包括一个或更多个电感器。DC/DC电力转换器238可具有任何数目个拓扑，包括升压式转换器、降压式转换器、同步降压式转换器、降压-升压转换器或返驰式转换器。滤波器240可包括一个或更多个电容器、电阻器、齐纳(Zener)二极管或其他组件以抑制电压尖峰，或以移除或减少瞬态及/或噪声。
示意的充电子系统204亦可从再生电源(例如，PV阵列118(图1))接收电力。这种电力可由第一电力转换器230来转换或调节，例如，直接供应至DC/DC电力转换器238而绕过变压器234及/或整流器236。或者，示意的充电子系统204可包括专用电力转换器以转换或以其他方式调节此电力。
示意的充电子系统204可视情况而包括第二电力转换器242，其经由一个或更多个线路244从一个或更多个便携式电力存储设备106(图1)接收电力，以用于对便携式电力存储设备106中的其他便携式电力存储设备充电。因而，第二电力转换器242可能需要转换及/或以其他方式调节从便携式电力存储设备106接收的电力，例如，视情况变换电压或电流，以及减少瞬态及噪声。因此，第二电力转换器242可视情况而包括DC/DC电力转换器246及/或滤波器248。以上论述了各种类型的DC/DC电力转换器及滤波器。
示意的充电子系统204包括响应于来自控制子系统202的经由端口224a、224b传递的控制信号的多个开关250。这种开关可操作以选择性地耦接将由以下电力充电的第一数目或集合的便携式电力存储设备106：电力服务经由第一电力转换器230供应的电力，及由第二数目或集合的便携式电力存储设备106供应的电力。第一数目或集合的便携式电力存储设备106可包括单一便携式电力存储设备106、两个或甚至两个以上便携式电力存储设备106。第二数目或集合的便携式电力存储设备106可包括单一便携式电力存储设备106、两个或甚至两个以上便携式电力存储设备106。便携式电力存储设备106在图2中表示为负载L1、L2至LN。
通信子系统206可另外包括一个或更多个通信模块或组件，其促进与后端或后台系统120(图1)的各种组件、全电动小轮机踏车或机动脚踏车108的各种组件及/或便携式电力存储设备106的各种组件的通信。通信子系统206可(例如)包括一个或更多个调制解调器252及/或一个或更多个以太网卡或其他类型的通信卡或组件254。控制子系统202的端口256a可将控制子系统202与通信子系统206的端口256b通信耦接。通信子系统206可提供有线及/或无线通信。举例而言，通信子系统206可提供组件，这种组件实现与收集、充电及分配机器102外部的各种其他设备(包括全电动小轮机踏车或机动脚踏车108的各种组件及/或便携式电力存储设备106的各种组件)的短程无线通信(例如，经由蓝牙、近场通信(NFC)、射频识别(RFID)组件及协议)或较远程无线通信(例如，经无线LAN、卫星或蜂窝网络)。通信子系统206可包括一个或更多个端口、无线接收器、无线发送器或无线收发器以提供至各种远程组件或系统的无线信号路径。通信子系统206可包括适合于处置网络业务(包括分组交换类型通信防议(TCP/IP)、以太网络或其他网络连接协议)的一个或更多个网桥或路由器。
用户接口子系统208包括一个或更多个用户输入/输出(I/O)组件。举例而言，用户接口子系统208可包括触控屏幕显示器208a，其可操作以对终端用户呈现信息，及呈现图形用户接口(GUI)以接收用户选择的指示。用户接口子系统208可包括键盘或小键盘208b及/或光标控制器(例如，鼠标、轨迹球、轨迹垫)(未加以示意)，以允许终端用户键入信息及/或选择GUI中的用户可选择图标。用户接口子系统208可包括扬声器208c以将声音信息提供至终端用户，及/或可包括麦克风208d以接收口头的用户输入(诸如，口头命令)。
用户接口子系统208可包括读卡器208e以从卡型媒体209读取信息。读卡器208e可呈各种各样的形式。举例而言，读卡器208e可呈磁条读取器的形式或包括磁条读取器，该磁条读取器用于读取编码在由卡209承载的磁条中的信息。举例而言，读卡器208e可呈机器可读符号(例如，条形码、矩阵码)读卡器的形式或包括机器可读符号(例如，条形码、矩阵码)读卡器，该机器可读符号读卡器用于读取编码在由卡209承载的机器可读符号中的信息。举例而言，读卡器208e可呈智能读卡器的形式或包括智能读卡器，该智能读卡器用于读取编码在由卡209承载的非易失性媒体中的信息。这可(例如)包括使用射频识别(RFID)询答器或电子支付芯片(例如，近场通信(NFC)芯片)的媒体。因此，读卡器208e可能能够从各种各样的卡媒体209(例如，信用卡、转账卡、礼品卡、预付卡，以及诸如驾照的识别媒体)读取信息。读卡器208e亦可能能够读取编码在由便携式电能存储设备106承载的非易失性媒体中的信息，且亦可包括RFID询答器、收发器、NFC芯片及/或其他通信设备以将信息传送至全电动小轮机踏车或机动脚踏车108的各种组件及/或便携式电力存储设备106的各种组件(例如，用于对便携式电能存储设备106及/或全电动小轮机踏车或机动脚踏车108的收集、充电及分配机器102的认证，或用于对收集、充电及分配机器102的便携式电能存储设备106的认证)。
用户接口子系统208可包括纸钞机208f及验钞器及/或投币器208g以接受及验证现金支付。这些组件可高度适用于服务缺少信用的人群。纸钞机及验钞器208f及/或投币器208g可呈任何各种各样的形式，例如，当前市售及在各种自动售货机及公共信息查询站中使用的那些形式。
图3展示根据一非限制性示意实施例的小轮机踏车或机动脚踏车108的便携式电能存储设备106z的便携式电能存储设备物理安全系统，小轮机踏车或机动脚踏车108在一例子中与收集、充电及分配机器102无线通信且在另一例子中与小轮机踏车或机动脚踏车服务中心318处的设备无线通信。
所展示为可操作地耦接至锁定机构控制器306的便携式电能存储设备锁定机构320。在一些实施例中，便携式电能存储设备锁定机构320及锁定机构控制器306为小轮机踏车或机动脚踏车108的一部分。在其他实施例中，便携式电能存储设备锁定机构320及锁定机构控制器306与便携式电能存储设备106z整合或为便携式电能存储设备106z的一部分。
亦展示的为与锁定机构控制器306无线通信的收集、充电及分配机器102。举例而言，收集、充电及分配机器102的通信子系统206(图2中所示)可提供实现与在收集、充电及分配机器102外部的各种其他设备(包括锁定机构控制器306)的短程无线通信(例如，经由蓝牙、近场通信(NFC)、射频识别(RFID)组件及协议)或较远程无线通信(例如，经无线LAN、卫星或蜂窝网络)的组件。收集、充电及分配机器102的通信子系统206可包括一个或更多个端口、无线接收器、无线发送器或无线收发器以提供至锁定机构控制器306的无线信号路径。收集、充电及分配机器102的通信子系统206亦可或可替代地包括适合处置网络业务(包括分组交换类型通信协议(TCP/IP)、以太网络或其他网络连接协议)的一个或更多个网桥或路由器。
便携式电能存储设备106z可借出、租赁及/或租借给公众。由于便携式电能存储设备106z通常为相对昂贵的组件，因此需要控制如何及在伺种情况下可将便携式电能存储设备106z从可操作地连接或附接至其所供电的小轮机踏车或机动脚踏车108移除。便携式电能存储设备106z的物理安全的这种控制有助于防止对便携式电能存储设备106z的盗窃及/误用。举例而言，便携式电能存储设备106z可以可操作地连接至小轮机踏车或机动脚踏车108且物理地锁定或以其他方式物理地紧固于小轮机踏车或机动脚踏车108中，直至锁定机构控制器306检测到无线信号，该无线信号包括来自诸如收集、充电及分配机器102或在具有一个或更多个无线通信子系统(诸如，收集、充电及分配机器102的上述无线通信子系统)的服务中心318处的设备的认证信息。具有一个或更多个无线通信子系统(诸如，收集、充电及分配机器102的上述无线通信子系统)的其他这些外部设备(未图示)可包括(但不限于)：卡钥匙、存取卡、信用卡、访问控制钥匙圈、移动计算设备、蜂窝电话、个人数字助理(PDA)、智能型手机、电池充电器、其他访问控制设备等。
收集、充电及分配机器102可周期性、恒定或非周期性地发射无线信号126，用于锁定机构控制器306监听此信号以接收及认证收集、充电及分配机器102，以便触发便携式电能存储设备锁定机构320解锁，从而实现从小轮机踏车或机动脚踏车108移除便携式电能存储设备106z。此外或者代替地，锁定机构控制器306可周期性或恒定地发射无线信号126，监听此信号的收集、充电及分配机器102将以无线信号进行响应，用于锁定机构控制器306接收且认证收集、充电及分配机器102以便触发便携式电能存储设备锁定机构320解锁，从而实现从小轮机踏车或机动脚踏车108移除便携式电能存储设备106z。
在一些实施例中，从收集、充电及分配机器102接收的无线信号可包括可由锁定机构控制器306认证以便确保信号正从经授权的设备接收的码。举例而言，码可为时间敏感的码(诸如“跳频”码或“滚动”码)以提供此安全。在40位滚动码的情况下，四十个位提供240(约1万亿)个可能的码。然而，可替代地使用其他位长度的码。收集、充电及分配机器102存储器(例如，ROM212)可保存当前40位码。收集、充电及分配机器102接着将40位码发送至锁定机构控制器306，用于锁定机构控制器306解锁便携式电能存储设备锁定机构320。锁定机构控制器306亦保存当前40位码。若锁定机构控制器306接收到其期望的40位码，则其解锁便携式电能存储设备锁定机构320。若锁定机构控制器306未接收到其期望的40位码，则锁定机构控制器306不进行任何操作。在一些实施例中，若便携式电能存储设备锁定机构320处于解锁状态，且锁定机构控制器306未接收到其期望的40位码或在确定的时间段上未能够接收到任何信号，则锁定机构控制器306将锁定便携式电能存储设备锁定机构320。
收集、充电及分配机器102及锁定机构控制器306皆使用同一伪随机数产生器(例如，由收集、充电及分配机器102及锁定机构控制器306的各自的处理器实现)产生40位码。收集、充电及分配机器102可具有不同的伪随机数产生器，以匹配每一小轮机踏车或机动脚踏车108或便携式电能存储设备106中的每一个的每一锁定机构控制器306的伪随机数产生器。当锁定机构控制器306从收集、充电及分配机器102接收到有效码时，其使用同一伪随机数产生器相对于接收的有效码产生下一个码，且与收集、充电及分配机器102无线通信以指导其亦使用同一伪随机数产生器产生下一个码，收集、充电及分配机器102存储该下一个码以用于下一次使用。以此方式，收集、充电及分配机器102与锁定机构控制器306同步。锁定机构控制器306仅在接收到其期望的码时，解锁便携式电能存储设备锁定机构320。
再者，可产生当前40位码或其他时间敏感的滚动码，且传送至收集、充电及分配机器的网络内的一个或更多个其他收集、充电及分配机器(例如，经由图1中展示的网络122)，使得当具有锁定机构控制器306的小轮机踏车或机动脚踏车或具有锁定机构控制器306的便携式电能存储设备106z在其他收集、充电及分配机器的无线信号范围内时，任一收集、充电及分配机器102可将正确的当前码传送至锁定机构控制器306。在一些实施例中，锁定机构控制器306可按伪随机数顺序接受接下来的256个可能的有效码中的任一个。以这种方式，若锁定机构控制器306及收集、充电及分配机器102因某一原因而变得不同步(相差256个或256个以下滚动码)，则锁定机构控制器306将仍接受来自收集、充电及分配机器102的传输，解锁便携式电能存储设备锁定机构320，且相对于接收的有效码产生下一个码。
在其他实施例中，跳频、滚动或时间敏感的码可为由后端或后台系统120传送至收集、充电及分配机器102且无线传送至锁定机构控制器306的通用码。举例而言，这可发生于WAN、LAN上，及/或当锁定机构控制器306在收集、充电及分配机器102的无线通信范围内时，诸如，当小轮机踏车或机动脚踏车108来到收集、充电及分配机器102处时。
在一些实施例中，锁定机构控制器306及收集、充电及分配机器存储共同秘密密钥或码，且使用共同秘密算法用于收集、充电及分配机器的认证。举例而言，共同秘密算法可为哈希函数或采用秘密密钥及至少一个其他密钥或码作为输入且基于秘密密钥及不同输入产生不同输出的其他算法。共同秘密算法可由锁定机构控制器306及收集、充电及分配机器的各自处理器使用在锁定机构控制器306及收集、充电及分配机器的各自计算机可读媒体上或在锁定机构控制器306及收集、充电及分配机器的各自被配置的硬件或固件组件上的存储的指令执行。可最初按安全方式在锁定机构控制器306及收集、充电及分配机器中编码、编程或安装共同秘密算法及共同秘密密钥或码，使得其不可获取或以其它方式受到保护不被发现。在认证过程期间，不在锁定机构控制器306与收集、充电及分配机器的间传送共同秘密算法及共同秘密密钥或码。
响应于经由无线信号126(可响应于从锁定机构控制器306接收的无线信号或信标而发送无线信号126)接收到来自收集、充电及分配机器的认证信标或请求，锁定机构控制器306产生挑战密钥，且将此挑战密钥发送至收集、充电及分配机器。响应于接收到挑战密钥，收集、充电及分配机器使用秘密算法及共同秘密密钥产生响应值，且将此响应值发送至锁定机构控制器306。锁定机构控制器306接着通过使用产生的挑战密钥及秘密密钥作为至秘密算法的输入，以从秘密算法产生输出值，来检验响应值。锁定机构控制器306接着比较来自秘密算法的该输出值与从收集、充电及分配机器接收的响应值。若由锁定机构控制器306从秘密算法产生的输出与从收集、充电及分配机器接收的响应值匹配，则收集、充电及分配机器被认证，且锁定机构控制器306可接着相应地采取行动，诸如，将控制信号发送至锁定机构320以解锁。若由锁定机构控制器306从秘密算法产生的输出与从收集、充电及分配机器接收的响应值不匹配，则收集、充电及分配机器未被认证，且锁定机构控制器306可接着不采取行动，或相应地采取其他行动，诸如，将控制信号发送至锁定机构320以锁定(若尚未锁定)。在一些实施例中，可使用涉及使用公共密钥及/或公共算法的任一组合的任一认证过程。
一旦锁定机构控制器306不再可从收集、充电及分配机器102接收到无线信号126(例如，在小轮机踏车或机动脚踏车已在收集、充电及分配机器102处交换了便携式电能存储设备106z且不再在收集、充电及分配机器102的无线信号126的范围内之后)，锁定机构控制器306将发送信号以使便携式电能存储设备锁定机构320锁定以防止便携式电能存储设备106z能够被从可操作地连接至小轮机踏车或机动脚踏车108移除。再者，如上所述，若从收集、充电及分配机器102或其他设备接收的信号含有有效码，若尚未锁定，则锁定机构控制器306将发送信号以使便携式电能存储设备锁定机构320锁定以防止便携式电能存储设备106z能够被从可操作地连接至小轮机踏车或机动脚踏车移除。在一些情况下，在锁定机构控制器306不为便携式电能存储设备106z的一部分的情况下，在发送信号以使便携式电能存储设备锁定机构320锁定前，锁定机构控制器306必须检测便携式电能存储设备106z在小轮机踏车或机动脚踏车108中的存在性。
在一些实施例中，认证的无线部分受到强的相控(phased)。在附近，系统挑战一些或所有便携式电能存储设备收集、充电及分配机器，这种便携式电能存储设备收集、充电及分配机器将以无线方式告诉车辆脱开便携式电能存储设备，以便调换便携式电能存储设备。再者，便携式电能存储设备收集、充电及分配机器/服务中心可为行动的。举例而言，服务车辆可来到路边上破坏/没电的车辆，且便携式电能存储设备可仅当认证的服务车辆在附近时释放。“附近”可为由系统在短程无线信号的范围内选择的任一距离范围。亦可使用非常短的近距离，例如，如在一些实施例中，系统可使用诸如近场通信(NFC)或其他近场的技术或非常短程技术。
图4为根据一非限制性示意实施例的图3的锁定机构控制器的示意图。
锁定机构控制器306包括控制器410、通信子系统406及电力接口420。
举例而言，控制器410为微处理器、微控制器、可编程逻辑控制器(PLC)、可编程门阵列(PGA)、专用集成电路(ASIC)，或能够从各种传感器接收信号、执行逻辑运算及将信号发送至各种组件的另一控制器。通常，控制器410可呈微处理器(例如，INTEL、AMD、ATOM)的形式。锁定机构控制器306亦可包括一个或更多个非易失性处理器或计算机可读存储媒体，例如，只读存储器(ROM)412、随机存取存储器(RAM)414及其他存储器416(例如，诸如闪存或EEPROM的固态存储媒体，或诸如硬盘的旋转存储媒体)。非易失性处理器或计算机可读存储媒体412、414、416可为作为控制器410的一部分的任何非易失性存储媒体(例如，寄存器)的补充。锁定机构控制器306可包括将各种组件耦接在一起的一个或更多个总线418(仅示出了一个)，例如，一个或更多个电力总线、指令总线、数据总线等。
如所示意，ROM412或非易失性处理器或计算机可读存储媒体412、414、416中的某一个存储指令及/或变量或参数的数据或值。这种数据集合可呈各种各样的形式，例如，查找表、数据库中的一组记录等。指令及数据或值的集合可由控制器410执行。指令及数据或值的集合的执行使控制器410执行特定动作以比较从外部设备接收的码，且使锁定机构控制器306基于比较产生控制信号以锁定或解锁便携式电能存储设备锁定机构320。再者，这些动作可包括(例如)实施伪随机数以产生滚动码的操作(如上所述)。锁定机构控制器306的特定操作在本文中且亦在下文参看各流程图(图7至图9)加以描述。
控制器410可按习知方式将RAM414用于指令、数据等的易失性存储。控制器410可使用数据存储器416记录或保留信息，例如，关于用户配置文件信息、车辆配置文件信息、安全码、凭证、安全证书、密码、车辆信息等的信息。这种指令可由控制器410执行以响应于来自远程系统的输入(诸如，包括(但不限于)以下各项的外部设备的输入：充电设备；车辆；用户识别设备(卡、电子密钥等)车辆；收集、充电及分配机器；收集、充电及分配机器服务系统；服务中心；用户行动设备；用户车辆)及终端用户或操作者输入控制锁定机构控制器306的操作。
控制器410亦可经由锁定机构控制器306的通信子系统406从各种传感器及/或外部设备的组件接收信号。该信息可包括表征或指示这些组件及/或外部设备的真实性、授权等级、操作、状态或状况的信息。
通信子系统406可包括一个或更多个通信模块或组件，其有助于与图1的收集、充电及分配机器102的各种组件通信(例如，以便接收安全码)及/或与其他外部设备的各种组件通信，使得为了认证目的，可在锁定机构控制器306与外部设备之间交换数据。通信子系统406可提供有线及/或无线通信。通信子系统406可包括一个或更多个端口、无线接收器、无线发送器或无线收发器以提供至各种远程组件或系统的无线信号路径。通信子系统406可(例如)包括实现短程无线通信(例如，经由蓝牙、近场通信(NFC)、射频识别(RFID)组件及协议)或较远程无线通信(例如，经无线LAN、卫星或蜂窝网络)的组件，且可包括用于进行该操作的一个或更多个调制解调器或一个或更多个以太网络或其他类型的通信卡或组件。远程通信子系统406可包括适合处置网络业务(包括分组交换类型通信协议(TCP/IP)、以太网络或其他网络连接协议)的一个或更多个网桥或路由器。
在一些实施例中，锁定机构控制器306的组件中的一些或全部可位于便携式电能存储设备106z外，作为致动便携式电能存储设备106z的一个或更多个致动器502(图6及图7中所示)(例如，通过经由通信子系统406发送的无线控制信号)的分离设备。
电力接口420可由控制器410控制，且被配置为经由连接314a从便携式电能存储设备106z接收电力以给锁定机构控制器306及便携式电能存储设备锁定机构320(经由连接314b)供电。再者，电力接口420可由控制器410控制，且被配置为在便携式电能存储设备106z不能够提供足够电力以操作便携式电能存储设备锁定机构320及/或锁定机构控制器306的情况下，经由连接314c从不同于便携式电能存储设备106z的辅助源接收电力以给便携式电能存储设备锁定机构320及/或锁定机构控制器306供电。电力接口420包括可操作用于执行以上功能的各种组件，诸如，变压器、转换器、整流器等。
图5展示根据一非限制性示意实施例的图1及图3的便携式电能存储设备106z的横截面正视图，便携式电能存储设备106z耦接至图3的便携式电能存储设备物理安全系统且锁定于图1及图3的小轮机踏车108内的可操作位置中。
所展示为一便携式电能存储设备容纳器510、车辆的一部分508、便携式电能存储设备外壳302、电气端子110a、110b、电池单元304、锁定机构控制器306、便携式电能存储设备锁定机构320及辅助电源516。电池单元304可为将存储的化学能转换成电能的任一可再充电类型的电化学电池单元。再者，电池单元304可包括任一类型的可再充电超电容器阵列或燃料电池阵列。如上所述，可从便携式电能存储设备106z的外部接入电气端子110a、110b。电气端子110允许从便携式电能存储设备106z传递电荷，以及允许将电荷传递至便携式电能存储设备106z，以用于经由至电池单元304的导电端子连接312a及312b对其充电或再充电。虽然在图3中示意为接线柱，但电气端子110a及110b可呈可从便携式电能存储设备106z的外部接入的任一其他形式，包括安置于电池外壳302中的槽内的电气端子。
便携式电能存储设备锁定机构320位于便携式电能存储设备外壳302外，且固定地附接至车辆部分508(例如，车辆框或底盘)，车辆部分508附接至容纳器510，便携式电能存储设备106z放置于容纳器510中。容纳器510具有一顶部开口512，经由顶部开口512，可将便携式电能存储设备106z放置于容纳器510内及从容纳器510移除便携式电能存储设备106z。一旦将便携式电能存储设备106z放置于容纳器510中，则容纳器510包围便携式电能存储设备106z，惟在顶部开口512处除外。便携式电能存储设备锁定机构320具有可滑动螺钉506，在锁定状态下，其部分覆盖开口512(如在图5中所示)以阻挡便携式电能存储设备106z穿过开口512，且因此防止便携式电能存储设备106z能够被从容纳器510移除。可滑动螺钉506可在螺钉轨道上滑动或可滑动经由固定地附接至车辆部分508的螺钉外壳504。当便携式电能存储设备锁定机构320在解锁状态下时，可滑动螺钉506收缩(未图示)至螺钉外壳504内以不覆盖开口512，且因此允许便携式电能存储设备106z穿过容纳器510的开口512，用于移除便携式电能存储设备106z。
便携式电能存储设备锁定机构320经由控制线308及电力线314b耦接至锁定机构控制器306。举例而言，经由控制线308从锁定机构控制器306接收的一个或更多个引擎控制信号可影响一个或更多个致动器502(仅示出了一个)的操作以使可滑动螺钉506移动。举例而言，控制信号可使得致动器502在第一位置与第二位置之间移动或改变由致动器502产生的磁场。致动器502可呈各种各样的形式中的任一种，包括(但不限于)螺线管、诸如步进马达的电马达或电磁体。备选地，致动器502可经耦接以操作用于便携式电能存储设备106z的不同闩锁、锁或其他类型的保持器机构。
锁定机构控制器306被配置为经由连接314a从便携式电能存储设备106z接收电力，以向锁定机构控制器306及便携式电能存储设备锁定机构320(经由连接314b)供电。再者，锁定机构控制器306视情况被配置为在便携式电能存储设备106z不能够提供足够电力以操作便携式电能存储设备锁定机构320及/或锁定机构控制器306的情况下，经由连接314c从不同于便携式电能存储设备106z的辅助源516接收电力，以向便携式电能存储设备锁定机构320及/或锁定机构控制器306供电。
外壳302可提供保护以防止或阻止损坏，且可由合适的强且弹性材料(例如，ABS塑料)形成。这种情形可不仅防止或阻止损坏，且亦可留下任何损坏尝试的可见指示。举例而言，外壳302可包括在处于下方的第二色彩(例如，荧光橙色)的内层内的第一色彩(例如，黑色)的强外层。此情形将致使切开外壳302的尝试明显显而易见。
还注意，外壳302可充当易坏基板，或可将易坏基板紧固至外壳302的内部，例如，经由合适的黏着剂。因此，损坏外壳会破坏或损坏电路连接，从而致使便携式电能存储设备106z不可操作。
图6展示根据一非限制性示意替代实施例的图1及图3的便携式电能存储设备106z的一替代实施例的横截面正视图，其中图3的便携式电能存储设备物理安全系统与图1及图3的便携式电能存储设备106z整合且为图1及图3的便携式电能存储设备106z的一部分。
所展示为便携式电能存储设备容纳器510、便携式电能存储设备外壳302、电气端子110a、110b、电池单元304、锁定机构控制器306、便携式电能存储设备锁定机构320及接入面板518以插入于辅助电源中。电池单元304为将存储的化学能转换成电能的任一可再充电类型的电化学电池单元。如上所述，可从便携式电能存储设备106z的外部接入电气端子110a、110b。
便携式电能存储设备锁定机构320位于便携式电能存储设备外壳302内部，且固定地附接至便携式电能存储设备外壳302的内部。容纳器510具有一顶部开口512，可经由该顶部开口512将便携式电能存储设备106z放置于容纳器510内及从容纳器510移除便携式电能存储设备106z。一旦将便携式电能存储设备106z放置于容纳器510中，则容纳器510包围便携式电能存储设备106z，惟在顶部开口512处除外。便携式电能存储设备锁定机构320具有可滑动螺钉506，可滑动螺钉506被配置为在螺钉轨道上滑动或可滑动经由固定地附接至便携式电能存储设备外壳302的内壁。可滑动螺钉506被配置为滑动经由外壳302的一侧中的开口520，且至容纳器510的侧壁中的开口520(与外壳302的一侧中的开口对准)内以阻挡便携式电能存储设备106z穿过容纳器510的顶部开口512，且因此防止便携式电能存储设备106z能够被从容纳器510移除(如在图6中所示)。当便携式电能存储设备锁定机构320处于解锁状态下时，可滑动螺钉506收缩(未图示)至便携式电能存储设备106z内部的螺钉外壳504内，且因此允许便携式电能存储设备106z穿过容纳器510的顶部开口512，用于移除便携式电能存储设备106z。
便携式电能存储设备锁定机构320经由控制线308及电力线314b耦接至锁定机构控制器306。举例而言，经由控制线308从锁定机构控制器306接收的一个或更多个引擎控制信号可影响一个或更多个致动器502(仅示出了一个)的操作以使可滑动螺钉506移动。举例而言，控制信号可使得致动器502在第一位置与第二位置之间移动或改变由致动器502产生的磁场。致动器502可呈各种各样的形式中的任一种，包括(但不限于)螺线管、诸如步进马达的电马达或电磁体。备选地，致动器502可经耦接以操作用于便携式电能存储设备106z的不同闩锁、锁或其他类型的保持器机构。
锁定机构控制器306被配置为经由连接314a从便携式电能存储设备106z接收电力，以给锁定机构控制器306及便携式电能存储设备锁定机构320(经由电力线314b)供电。再者，锁定机构控制器306被配置为经由线314c从不同于便携式电能存储设备106z的辅助源接收电力。辅助源可经由外壳302中的接入面板51g连接至线314b以在便携式电能存储设备106z不能够提供足够电力以操作便携式电能存储设备锁定机构320及/或锁定机构控制器306的情况下，向便携式电能存储设备锁定机构320及/或锁定机构控制器306供电。
外壳302可提供保护以防止或阻止损坏，且可由合适的强且弹性材料(例如，ABS塑料)形成。此情形可不仅防止或阻止损坏，且亦可留下任何损坏尝试的可见指示。举例而言，外壳302可包括在处于下方的第二色彩(例如，荧光橙色)的内层内的第一色彩(例如，黑色)的强外层。此情形将致使切开外壳302的尝试明显显而易见。
还注意，外壳302可充当易坏基板，或可将易坏基板紧固至外壳302的内部，例如，经由合适的黏着剂。因此，损坏外壳会破坏或损坏电路连接，从而致使便携式电能存储设备106z不可操作。
图7展示根据一非限制性示意实施例的操作图3至图6的锁定机构控制器的高阶方法700。
在702处，便携式电能存储设备安全系统接收关于外部设备(诸如，收集、充电及分配机器102)的认证的信息。
在704处，便携式电能存储设备安全系统基于关于认证的信息作出关于解锁便携式电能存储设备锁定机构320以允许将便携式电能存储设备106z从可操作地连接至车辆移除的确定。
图8展示根据一非限制性示意实施例的操作图3至图6的锁定机构控制器的低阶方法800，该低阶方法包括可用于图7的方法中的接受便携式电能存储设备充电。
在802处，便携式电能存储设备安全系统经由从收集、充电及分配机器102发送的无线信号接收关于认证的信息。在距便携式电能存储设备安全系统的通信模块达指定最大范围外，无法检测到从收集、充电及分配机器102接收的无线信号。
图9展示根据一非限制性示意实施例的操作图3及图4的便携式电能存储设备安全系统控制器306的低阶方法900，该低阶方法包括可用于图8的方法中的基于车辆的车辆效能配置文件而确定释放多少能量。
在902处，便携式电能存储设备安全系统接收关于外部设备(诸如，收集、充电及分配机器102)的认证的信息。
在904处，便携式电能存储设备安全系统确定所接收的信息是否得到认证。
在906处，若确定所接收的信息得到认证(例如，通过匹配接收的码)，则便携式电能存储设备安全系统以一种方式从锁定机构控制器306发送信号，以解锁便携式电能存储设备锁定机构320以便允许将便携式电能存储设备从可操作地连接至车辆移除。
在908处，便携式电能存储设备安全系统确定是否能够继续接收信息。举例而言，一旦锁定机构控制器306不再可从收集、充电及分配机器102接收到无线信号(例如，在小轮机踏车或机动脚踏车已在收集、充电及分配机器102处交换了便携式电能存储设备106z且不再在收集、充电及分配机器102的无线信号126的范围内之后)，则可能不能够继续接收信息。
在909处，若确定所接收的信息未得到认证或信息不能够继续由便携式电能存储设备安全系统接收，且若便携式电能存储设备锁定机构320尚未锁定，则便携式电能存储设备安全系统以一种方式从锁定机构控制器306发送信号，以锁定便携式电能存储设备锁定机构320，以便防止将便携式电能存储设备从可操作地连接至车辆移除。若信息能够继续由便携式电能存储设备安全系统接收，则方法900通过再次继续进行至902以执行信息的认证而重复。该方法可按周期性间隔或连续地重复。
本文中描述的各种方法可包括额外动作，省略一些动作，及/或可按与在各种流程图中所阐述的次序不同的次序执行动作。
前述详细描述已经由方框图、示意图及实例的使用阐明了设备及/或处理程序的各种实施例。在这些方框图、示意图及实例含有一个或更多个功能及/或操作的范围内，本领域技术人员应理解，在这些方框图、流程图或实例内的每一功能及/或操作可由广泛范围的硬件、软件、固件或实际上其任何组合来各自及/或共同地实施。在一实施例中，可经由一个或更多个微控制器实施本主题。然而，本领域技术人员应认识到，本文中揭示的实施例整体地或部分地可等效地实施于标准集成电路(例如，专用集成电路或ASIC)中，实施为由一个或更多个计算机执行的一个或更多个计算机程序(例如，实施为在一个或更多个计算机系统上执行的一个或更多个程序)，实施为由一个或更多个控制器(例如，微控制器)执行的一个或更多个程序，实施为由一个或更多个处理器(例如，微处理器)执行的一个或更多个程序，实施为固件，或实施为实际上其任何组合，且设计电路及/或撰写用于软件及/或固件的程序代码将良好地处于依据本发明的教示的本领域技术人员的技术内。
当将逻辑实施为软件且存储于存储器中时，可将逻辑或信息存储于任何非易失性计算机可读媒体上以供任何与处理器有关的系统或方法使用或结合任何与处理器有关的系统或方法使用。在本发明的上下文中，存储器为非易失性计算机或处理器可读存储媒体，其为非易失性地含有或存储计算机及/或处理器程序的电子、磁性、光学或其他物理设备或构件。逻辑及/或信息可体现于任何计算机可读媒体中以供指令执行系统、装置或设备使用或结合指令执行系统、装置或设备使用，指令执行系统、装置或设备诸如基于计算机的系统、含有处理器的系统，或可从该指令执行系统、装置或设备提取指令且执行与逻辑及/或信息相关联的指令的其他系统。
在本说明书的上下文中，“计算机可读媒体”可为可存储供指令执行系统、装置及/或设备使用或结合指令执行系统、装置及/或设备而使用的与逻辑及/或信息相关联的程序的任何物理组件。举例而言，计算机可读媒体可为(但不限于)电子、磁性、光学、电磁、红外线或半导体系统、装置或设备。计算机可读媒体的更特定实体(非详尽列表)将包括以下各项：便携式计算机盘片(磁性、致密快闪卡、安全数字卡或其类似者)、随机存取存储器(RAM)、只读存储器(ROM)、可擦除可编程只读存储器(EPROM、EEPROM或闪存)、便携式紧密光盘只读存储器(CDROM)及数字磁带。
可组合上文所描述的各种实施例以提供其他实施例。在并不与本文中的特定教示及定义不一致的范围内，包括(但不限于)以下各项的在本说明书中参考的及/或在申请数据单中列出的所有美国专利、美国专利申请公开案、美国专利申请案、外国专利、外国专利申请案及非专利公开案以全文引用的方式并入本文中：题为“APPARATUS，METHOD AND ARTICLE F OR COLLECTION，CHARGIN G ANDDI S TRIBUTING POWER S TORAGE DEVICE S，SUCH ASBATTERIES”且于2011年7月26日申请的美国临时专利申请案第61/511，900号(代理人案号170178.401P1)；题为“APPARATUS，METHOD AND ARTICLE FOR COLLECTION，CHARGING ANDDI S TRIBUTING POWER S TORAGE DEVICE S，SUCH ASBATTERIES”且于2012年5月16日申请的美国临时专利申请案第61/647，936号(代理人案号170178.401P2)；题为“APPARATUS，METHOD AND ARTICLE FOR REDISTRIBUTING POWERSTORAGE DEVICES，SUCH AS BATTERIES，BETWEENCOLLECTION，CHARGING AND DISTRIBUTION MACHINES”且于2011年9月14日申请的美国临时专利申请案第61/534，753号(代理人案号170178.402P1)；题为“APPARATUS，METHOD AND ARTICLEFOR AUTHENTICATION，SEC URITY AND CONTROL OF POWERSTORAGE DEVICES SUCH AS BATTERIES”且于2011年9月14日申请的美国临时专利申请案第61/534，761号(代理人案号170178.403P1)；题为“APPARATUS，METHOD AND ARTICLE FORAUTHENTICATION，SECURITY AND CONTROL OF POWERSTORAGE DEVICES，SUCH AS BATTERIES，BASED ON USERPROFILES”且于2011年9月14日申请的美国临时专利申请案第61/534，772号(代理人案号170178.404P1)；题为“THERMALMANAGEMENT OF COMPONENT S IN ELECTRIC MOTOR DRIVEVEHICLES”且于2011年7月26日申请的美国临时专利申请案第61/511，887号(代理人案号170178.406P1)；题为“THERMALMANAGEMENT OF COMPONENT S IN ELECTRIC MOTOR DRIVEVEHICLES”且于2012年5月16日申请的美国临时专利申请案第61/647，941号(代理人案号170178.406P2)；题为“DYNAMICALLYLIMITING VEHICLE OPERATION FOR BEST EFFORT ECONOMY”且于2011年7月26日申请的美国临时专利申请案第61/511，880号(代理人案号170178.407P1)；题为“APPARATUS，METHOD，ANDARTICLE FOR PHYSICAL SECURIT Y OF POWER S TORAGEDEVICES IN VEHICLES”且于2011年11月8日申请的美国临时专利申请案第61/557，170号(代理人案号170178.408P1)；题为“APPARATUS，METHOD AND ARTICLE FOR A POWER STORAGEDEVICE COMPARMENT”且于2011年12月29日申请的美国临时专利申请案第61/581，566号(代理人案号170178.412P1)；题为“APPARATUS，METHOD AND ARTICLE FOR PROVIDINGVEHICLE DIAGNOSTIC DATA”且于2012年2月21日申请的美国临时专利申请案第61/601，404号(代理人案号170178.417P1)；题为“APPARATUS，METHOD AND ARTICLE FOR PROVIDINGLOCATIONS OF POWER STORAGE DEVICE COLLECTION，CHARGING AND DISTRIBUTION MACHINES”且于2012年2月22日申请的美国临时专利申请案第61/601，949号(代理人案号170178.418P1)；及题为“APPARATUS，METHOD AND ARTICLE FORPROVIDING INFORMATION REGARDING AVAILABILITY OFPOWER STORAGE DEVICES AT A POWER STORAGE DEVICECOLLECTION，CHARGING AND DISTRIBUTION MACHINE”且于2012年2月22日申请的美国临时专利申请案第61/601，953号(代理人案号170178.419P1)；指名Hok-Sum Horace Luke、Matthew WhitingTaylor及Huang-Cheng Hung作为发明人且题为“APPARATUS，METHOD AND ARTICLE FOR COLLECTION，CHARGING ANDDI S TRIBUTING POWER S TORAGE DEVICE S，SUCH ASBATTERIES”的于2012年7月26日申请的美国申请案第______号(代理人案号170178.401)；指名Hok-Sum Horace Luke及MatthewWhiting Taylor作为发明人且题为“APPARATUS，METHOD ANDARTICLE FOR AUTHENTICATION，SECURITY AND CONTROL OFPOWER STORAGE DEVICES SUCH AS BATTERIES”的于2012年7月26日申请的美国申请案第_______号(代理人案号170178.403)；指名Hok-Sum Horace Luke及Matthew Whiting Taylor作为发明人且题为“DYNAMICALLY LIMITING VEHICLE OPERATION FOR BESTEFFORT ECONOMY”的于2012年7月26日申请的美国申请案第______号(代理人案号170178.407)；指名Ching Chen、Hok-SumHorace Luke、Matthew Whiting Taylor、Yi-Tseng Wu作为发明人且题为“APPARATUS，METHOD AND ARTICLE FOR PROVIDINGVEHICLE DIAGNOSTIC DATA”的于2012年7月26日申请的美国申请案第________号(代理人案号170178.417)；指名Yi-Tsung Wu、Matthew Whiting Taylor、Hok-Sum Horace Luke及Jung-Hsiu Chen作为发明人且题为“APPARATUS，METHOD AND ARTICLE FORPROVIDING INFORMATION REGARDING AVAILABILITY OFPOWER S TORAGE DEVICE S AT A POWER S TORAGE DEVICECOLLECTION，CHARGING AND DISTRIBUTION MACHINE”的于2012年7月26日申请的美国申请案第______号(代理人案号170178.419)；及指名Hok-Sum Horace Luke、Yi-Tsung Wu、Jung-HsiuChen、Yulin Wu、Chien Ming Huang、TsungTing Chan、Shen-Chi Chen及Feng Kai Yang作为发明人且题为“APPARATUS，METHOD ANDARTICLE FOR RESERVING POWER STORAGE DEVICES ATRESERVING POWER STORAGE DEVICE COLLECTION，CHARGING AND DISTRIBUTION MACHINES”的于2012年7月26日申请的美国申请案第_______号(代理人案号170178.423)。必要时，可修改实施例的态样以使用各种专利、申请案及公开案的系统、电路及概念以提供其他的实施例。
虽然在对便携式电能存储设备进行收集、充电及分配以用于供个人运输车辆(诸如，全电动小轮机踏车及/或机动脚踏车)使用的环境及上下文下大体论述，但本文中的教示可应用于广泛的各种各样的其他环境，包括其他车辆以及非车辆环境。
示意实施例的上述描述(包括在“说明书摘要”中描述的内容)并不意欲为详尽的或将这些实施例限于所揭示的精确形式。虽然在本文中为了说明性目的而描述特定实施例及实例，但如本领域技术人员应认识到，在不脱离本发明的精神及范围的情况下，可进行各种等效修改。
可依据上述详细描述对实施例进行这些及其他修改。一般而言，在以下申请专利范围中，所使用的术语不应被解释为将申请专利范围限于本说明书及申请专利范围中揭示的特定实施例，而应被解释为包括所有可能的实施例，以及此等申请专利范围所赋予权利的等效内容的全部范围。因此，申请专利范围不受揭示内容限制。

Claims (22)

1.一种用于便携式电能存储设备的便携式电能存储设备安全系统，包括：
至少一个控制器；及
至少一个通信模块，耦接至所述至少一个控制器，其中所述至少一个控制器被配置为：
经由所述通信模块接收关于外部设备的认证的信息；及
响应于接收到关于认证的所述信息，解锁便携式电能存储设备锁定机构以允许将所述便携式电能存储设备从可操作地连接至车辆移除。
2.如权利要求1的便携式电能存储设备安全系统，其中，所述至少一个控制器被配置为基于关于认证的所接收的信息作出关于解锁所述便携式电能存储设备锁定机构的确定。
3.如权利要求2的便携式电能存储设备安全系统，其中，所述至少一个控制器进一步被配置为：
产生要发送至所述外部设备的挑战密钥；
将所述挑战密钥发送至所述外部设备；
从所述外部设备接收对发送所述挑战密钥的响应，所述响应包括响应码，作为关于认证的所述信息的一部分；
使用秘密密钥及所述响应码作为输入，从秘密算法产生输出，所述秘密算法及所述秘密密钥被配置为仅为所述便携式电能存储设备安全系统及一个或更多个经授权的外部设备所知；及
比较来自所述秘密算法的所述输出与所述响应码，且其中所述至少一个控制器被配置为至少基于所述比较作出关于解锁所述便携式电能存储设备锁定机构的确定。
4.如权利要求1的便携式电能存储设备安全系统，其中，所配置的便携式电能存储设备安全系统耦接至所述车辆，或整合为所述便携式电能存储设备的一部分。
5.如权利要求1的便携式电能存储设备安全系统，其中，所述外部设备是便携式电能存储设备收集及充电机器。
6.如权利要求1的便携式电能存储设备安全系统，其中，所述外部设备是位于车辆服务中心的设备。
7.如权利要求1的便携式电能存储设备安全系统，其中，所述至少一个通信模块被配置为经由无线信号接收关于所述外部设备的认证的所述信息，且将所述信息传送至所述至少一个控制器以解锁所述便携式电能存储设备锁定机构，以便允许将所述便携式电能存储设备从可操作地连接至所述车辆移除。
8.如权利要求1的便携式电能存储设备安全系统，进一步包括：
所述便携式电能存储设备锁定机构，耦接至所述至少一个控制器；及
开关，耦接至所述便携式电能存储设备锁定机构及所述至少一个控制器，所述开关被配置为通过由所配置的便携式电能存储设备安全系统的所述至少一个控制器产生的控制信号启动，其中所述控制器被配置为：
在所述外部设备基于关于认证的所述信息而被认证的情况下，以一种方式发送所述信号，以解锁所述便携式电能存储设备锁定机构以便允许将所述便携式电能存储设备从可操作地连接至所述车辆移除；及
在所定义的时间段之后不再可经由所述通信模块接收到关于所述外部设备的认证的所述信息的情况下，以一种方式发送所述信号，以锁定所述便携式电能存储设备锁定机构以便防止将所述便携式电能存储设备从可操作地连接至所述车辆移除。
9.如权利要求1的便携式电能存储设备安全系统，其中，所述至少一个控制器被配置为经由从所述外部设备发送的无线信号接收关于认证的所述信息，且其中在距所述便携式电能存储设备安全系统通信模块达指定最大范围外，无法检测到从所述外部设备发送的所述无线信号。
10.如权利要求9的便携式电能存储设备安全系统，其中，所述无线信号包括用于由所述至少一个控制器进行的对所述外部设备的认证的滚动码。
11.如权利要求1的便携式电能存储设备安全系统，进一步包括电力接口，耦接至所述至少一个控制器且被配置为耦接至所述便携式电能存储设备及所述电能存储设备锁定机构，以向所述电能存储设备锁定机构供电。
12.如权利要求11的便携式电能存储设备安全系统，其中，所述电力接口被配置为耦接至不同于所述便携式电能存储设备的辅助电源，以在所述便携式电能存储设备不能够提供足够电力以操作所述电能存储设备锁定机构的情况下，向所述电能存储设备锁定机构供电。
13.一种操作便携式电能存储设备安全系统的方法，所述方法包括：
由所述便携式电能存储设备安全系统接收关于外部设备的认证的信息；及
由所述便携式电能存储设备安全系统，基于关于认证的所述信息作出关于解锁便携式电能存储设备锁定机构以允许将便携式电能存储设备从可操作地连接至车辆移除的确定。
14.如权利要求13的方法，其中，接收所述信息包括：经由从便携式电能存储设备收集、充电及分配机器发送的无线信号接收关于认证的所述信息，且其中在距所述便携式电能存储设备安全系统的通信模块达指定最大范围外，无法检测到从所述收集、充电及分配机器接收的所述无线信号。
15.如权利要求13的方法，进一步包括：
在所述外部设备基于关于认证的所述信息而被认证的情况下，以一种方式从所述便携式电能存储设备安全系统的控制器发送信号，以解锁所述便携式电能存储设备锁定机构以便允许将所述便携式电能存储设备从可操作地连接至所述车辆移除；及
在所定义的时间段之后不再可继续经由所述便携式电能存储设备的通信模块接收到关于所述外部设备的认证的所述信息的情况下，以一种方式从所述便携式电能存储设备安全系统的所述控制器发送信号，以锁定所述便携式电能存储设备锁定机构以便防止将所述便携式电能存储设备从可操作地连接至所述车辆移除。
16.如权利要求13的方法，其中，所述便携式电能存储设备安全系统整合为所述便携式电能存储设备的一部分。
17.如权利要求13的方法，其中，所述便携式电能存储设备安全系统耦接至所述车辆。
18.如权利要求13的方法，其中，作出所述确定包括：比较来自关于认证的所接收的信息的码与关联于所述便携式电能存储设备安全系统的一个或更多个码，且进一步包括：
在来自关于认证的所接收的信息的所述码与关联于所述便携式电能存储设备的所述一个或更多个码中的一个匹配的情况下，解锁所述便携式电能存储设备锁定机构以允许将所述便携式电能存储设备从可操作地连接至所述车辆移除；及
在所定义的时间段之后不再可经由所述便携式电能存储设备的通信模块接收到关于所述外部设备的认证的所述信息的情况下，或在所定义的时间段之后来自所接收的信息的码不再与当前关联于所述便携式电能存储设备安全系统的一个或更多个码中的至少一个或一个匹配的情况下，锁定所述便携式电能存储设备锁定机构以便防止将所述便携式电能存储设备从可操作地连接至所述车辆移除。
19.如权利要求13的方法，进一步包括：
产生要发送至所述外部设备的挑战密钥；
将所述挑战密钥发送至所述外部设备；
从所述外部设备接收对发送所述挑战密钥的响应，所述响应包括响应码，作为关于认证的所述信息的一部分；
使用秘密密钥及所述响应码作为输入，从秘密算法产生输出，所述秘密算法及所述秘密密钥被配置为仅为所述便携式电能存储设备安全系统及一个或更多个经授权的外部设备所知；及
比较来自所述秘密算法的所述输出与所述响应码，且其中作出关于解锁所述便携式电能存储设备锁定机构的确定是至少基于所述比较。
20.一种便携式电能存储设备，包括：
电池单元；及
安全系统，可操作地耦接至所述电池单元，所述安全系统被配置为基于关于外部设备的认证的无线接收的信息而允许将所述便携式电能存储设备从可操作地连接至车辆移除。
21.如权利要求20的便携式电能存储设备，其中，所述安全系统包括：
至少一个控制器；及
至少一个通信模块，耦接至所述至少一个控制器，其中所述至少一个控制器被配置为：
经由所述通信模块接收关于外部设备的认证的信息；及
基于关于认证的所述信息，作出关于解锁便携式电能存储设备锁定机构以允许将所述便携式电能存储设备从可操作地连接至所述车辆移除的确定。
22.如权利要求21的便携式电能存储设备，其中，所述安全系统进一步包括：
所述便携式电能存储设备锁定机构，耦接至所述至少一个控制器；及
电力接口，被配置为耦接至所述至少一个控制器，且耦接至不同于所述便携式电能存储设备的辅助电源，以在所述便携式电能存储设备不能够提供足够电力以操作所述电能存储设备锁定机构的情况下，向所述电能存储设备锁定机构供电。
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WO2013016554A2 (en) 2013-01-31
TW201337622A (zh) 2013-09-16
EP2737597A2 (en) 2014-06-04
US20140053620A1 (en) 2014-02-27
US8560147B2 (en) 2013-10-15
CN103918155B (zh) 2017-04-12
US9275505B2 (en) 2016-03-01
JP5758051B2 (ja) 2015-08-05
US20130030608A1 (en) 2013-01-31
TWI485572B (zh) 2015-05-21
EP2737597A4 (en) 2016-03-16
JP2014533480A (ja) 2014-12-11
EP2737597B1 (en) 2019-10-16
WO2013016554A3 (en) 2013-05-02

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