CN102065935A - 具有填充部件的可重复使用的自动注射装置 - Google Patents
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Abstract
一种具有第一子组件(110)的注射装置,该注射装置包括壳体(111)和腔室(112)。腔室设置在所述壳体中并且具有近端和远端、内表面和出口孔(114)。该子组件包括可动地设置在腔室内的止动件(113)。止动件具有外表面,该外表面基本上环绕所述内表面的周边与所述内表面接触。子组件包括端口(118),该端口能够接收容纳流体的容器(119)。止动件相对于所述壳体固定,并且端口的运动致使所述出口孔相对于止动件运动。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种注射装置,例如可重复使用的自动注射装置,在将药物皮下注射到患者体内之前可以将药物从瓶传输到注射装置中。
背景技术
使用自动注射装置(通常公知为自动注射器)将药剂输送到患者提供了优于手动针筒的许多优点。特别是,自动注射器有助于减轻医院人员将药物输送到患者的负担,这是由于患者自己能够可靠和安全地在其自己家中使用该装置。
公知的自动注射器在WO 95/35126和EP-A-0 516 473中得到描述。这些自动注射器和类似的自动注射器通常以被灌注(即预先弹性加载)并准备好为患者提供注射的状态提供。为此,难以将药物插入自动注射器,并且因此这种自动注射器的制造商通常提供在自动注射器内使用的预先填充的针筒,或者预先填充特定药物的整个自动注射器单元。
由于制造商还必须获得并提供药物且对用于存储和处理这些药物的设施进行维护,与自动注射器所需的情况相比,这需要更加复杂和昂贵的制造过程。另外,制造商必须运转用于每种所需药物的单独生产线。
用于医疗用途的药物通常以标准药瓶的形式制造和分配。以此方式,药物可以方便和相对廉价地大量供应,而不考虑药物最终使用的方式。
提供能够从标准药瓶内抽取药物而不依赖于预先填充的针筒的自动注射装置可以实现显著的成本节省。这种装置不仅有利于制造商,这些制造商不再必须提供定制的填充有药物的装置,而且有利于医院,医院能够利用简化的存货系统并能够利用平常一直使用的标准药瓶,同时还有利于患者,患者可被提供药瓶从而自己给药。
另外,药瓶的使用使得更大比例的自动注射装置能够被重复使用。通常,自动注射器以两个子组件的形式提供。第一子组件包括操作机构和所有其它的可重复使用的组成部件,而第二子组件含有在装置每次使用后必须更换的注射组成部件。
第二子组件成本中的主要因素是设置预先填充待注射药物的腔室。如上所述,提供多种针筒是自动注射器的制造过程的昂贵和费时的方面。标准瓶的使用使得该项成本得以降低。
发明内容
本发明旨在解决前述问题。因此,提供一种注射装置,该注射装置包括:壳体;腔室,其设置在所述壳体内且具有近端和远端、内表面和出口孔;止动件,其可动地设置在腔室内并且具有外表面,所述外表面基本上环绕所述内表面的周边与所述内表面接触;和端口,其能够接收容纳流体的容器。止动件相对于壳体固定,并且端口的运动致使出口孔相对于止动件运动。
提供一种注射装置,例如自动注射装置,其具有腔室,流体可以从独立的容器传输到腔室内,这相对于现有技术提供了至少两个优点。首先,自动注射装置的制造商们不再需要制造一系列待插入到可重复使用的子组件中的预填充针筒。而是,制造商可以替代地提供根据本发明的单一类型的子组件,各种药物可以在临近注射之前传输到子组件中。该单一类型的子组件可以批量制造,由此降低了制造成本。
上述优点带来了第二个优点,本发明可以结合任何类型的容器使用,其中,药物可以从容器传输到腔室内。特别地,本发明可以与标准药瓶一起使用。
此外,本发明允许更大比例的针头组件被重复使用。虽然现有的自动注射装置系统需要预填充的针筒,但将流体传输到针头装置中的腔室内的能力允许更大范围的可重复使用性。
用于传输流体的腔室的容积通过止动件和出口孔之间的空间限定。因此,容积随着止动件朝向出口孔运动而减小,并且随着止动件远离出口孔运动而增大。容积增大致使腔室内压力初步减小,这导致流体抽吸到腔室内。
当出口孔邻近止动件时,端口能够使容器与出口孔流体接合。在该位置,腔室的容积为最小值或基本上为最小值。优选地,容器和出口孔之间的接合形成用于将流体从容器传输到腔室的流体管道。根据该实施方式,随着腔室的容积增加(例如通过使出口孔远离止动件地运动),来自容器的流体传输到腔室内。
在一些实施方式中,偏置元件连接到端口并且能够偏置端口,使得出口孔被远离止动件地偏置。从上述位置开始(即,其中出口孔邻近止动件并且容器与出口孔流体接合),偏置元件的动作致使流体输送到腔室内,且不需要外部干涉。可选地,偏置元件是弹簧,但也可以设想到执行类似功能的其它元件。
在其它实施方式中,注射装置包括与出口孔流体连通的排出喷嘴。通常,适用于装置的容器包括由例如橡胶或箔片制成的帽。在这些情况中,排出喷嘴能够刺穿帽以形成用于将流体从容器传输到腔室的流体管道。
附图说明
现在参照附图通过举例的方式描述本发明,其中:
图1是注射装置的第一子组件的侧视图;
图2是第一子组件的侧视图,其中,帽被移除;
图3是容器与第一子组件接合的侧视图;
图4是处于完全回缩位置的第一子组件的侧视图;
图5是处于完全伸出位置的第一子组件的侧视图;
图6是从第一子组件移除容器的侧视图;
图7是与第二子组件接合的第一子组件的侧视图;以及
图8是包括第一子组件和第二子组件的注射装置的侧视图。
具体实施方式
图1至图4示出了适用于根据本发明的自动注射装置的第一子组件110。
第一子组件110包括壳体111和设置在壳体中的腔室112。壳体111具有近端111a和远端111b。腔室112具有内表面以及近端和远端,腔室112的近端和远端对应于壳体的近端和远端。止动件113设置在腔室的近端附近。止动件113可动地设置在腔室112中并且具有外表面。止动件113的外表面基本上绕腔室112的内表面的周边与该内表面接触。
出口孔114设置在腔室112的远端处。注射针头115设置成与出口孔114流体连接。注射针头115适于刺穿患者的皮肤并且皮下输送药物。针头115也适于刺穿可能设置在瓶上的箔片或橡皮帽。
第一子组件110包括可移除的帽116,帽116包括设置在针头115上的护套117。护套117保护针头并且在针头的尖端上提供基本上不透流体的密封,以防止流体不期望地进入或溢出。
图2示出了图1的第一子组件,其中,帽116被从第一子组件110移除。在移除帽116时,护套117已经从针头115移除。从该图中可以看到,第一子组件包括端口118(或套筒)。在该结构中,端口118环绕针头以防止针头被损坏或者针头和使用者之间的意外接触。
端口118相对于壳体111可动,但端口118连接到腔室112,使得端口118的运动致使腔室112和出口孔114相对于壳体111相应地运动。在图2中,端口118以及腔室112处于完全伸出位置。
子组件110包括偏置元件121,该偏置元件121作用在端口118上以将其远离壳体111地偏置。由此,偏置元件121将相对于壳体111可动的腔室112的出口孔114远离止动件113地偏置,止动件113在自动注射装置的操作中的这个阶段(即,在自动注射装置致动之前;特别地在针头组件行进到壳体外之前)相对于壳体固定。如图2所示,止动件113经由支撑块126连接到支撑杆124。支撑杆连接到壳体111。当端口118和腔室112朝着壳体的近端111a行进时,止动件113抵住支撑块126并且保持相对于支撑杆124静止(以下详细说明)。腔室能够在支撑杆124和支撑块126上滑动。
壳体111的远端111a包括第一定位件122a。第二定位件122b设置在端口118上,当端口118和腔室112处于完全伸出位置时,第二定位件122b与第一定位件122a交接。定位件122防止端口118因为偏置元件121的作用而伸出超过该位置。
如图3所示,端口118适于接收容纳流体,例如药物的容器119。图3描绘了瓶,但也可以使用其它容器。容器119的一端包括帽120。如图所示,容器具有帽120的一端在端口处于伸出位置时插入到端口118中。端口118的尺寸和形状被设置成接收容器119并且将其保持在端口118中,且不需要任何附加的锁定机构。当然,可以提供锁定部件以得到更好的紧固。
可以接收传输流体的腔室112的可用容积取决于止动件113和出口孔114之间的距离。在图1至图3中,腔室112的可用容积基本上在其最大值。但是,在该状态下,在接合容器119之前,腔室112是空的。以下参照图4和5描述从容器119向腔室112传输流体的过程。
在使用者将容器119插入到端口118中时,容器通过绕端口118的内表面设置的凸缘(未示出)保持在端口内侧。凸缘占据容器119中的凹槽,由此将容器紧固在端口118内。
随着容器119进一步行进,端口118和腔室112被朝向壳体111的近端111a驱动。在腔室112朝向壳体的近端111a运动时,出口孔114朝着止动件113运动。腔室112的可用容积相应地减小。
图4示出了当端口118和腔室112处于完全回缩位置时的第一子组件110。如图所示,在完全回缩位置,止动件113紧邻出口孔114。在该结构中,腔室112的可用容积基本上在其最小值。
在使用者使容器119与端口118接合时,注射针头115刺穿帽120并且在容器119和腔室112之间提供流体管道。流体管道始于容器119处,穿过注射针头115和出口孔114,并且终止于腔室112处。
在图4中,流体容纳在容器119中。在使用者释放容器119时,偏置元件121迫使端口118远离壳体111并且相应地迫使出口孔114远离止动件113。容器119保持紧固在端口118中并且与针头115接合,针头115连同出口孔114一起运动。因此,流体管道被保持。
在出口孔114远离止动件113运动时,腔室112的可用容积增大。腔室112的容积增大致使腔室压力下降,瓶和腔室之间的压差致使流体从容器119沿着流体管道抽吸到腔室112中。出口孔114离开止动件113得越远,被抽吸到腔室112中的流体越多。
图5示出了在偏置元件121迫使端口118和腔室112进入完全伸出位置之后的子组件110。如前所述,壳体111和端口118上的定位件122a、122b防止端口118伸出过多。如图所示,流体从容器119完全传输到腔室112。腔室112在止动件113和出口孔114之间的可用容积现在被填充有流体。
由于容器119已被使用,可以将空的容器119从第一子组件110移除并废弃。图6示出了已被灌注(即,填充有流体)并且准备使用的第一子组件110。
为了输送流体,第一子组件110与第二子组件210接合。如图7所示,第二子组件包括壳体211和驱动机构212。壳体具有近端211a和远端211b,以及位于近端211a处的帽213。帽包括能与第一子组件110的壳体111接合的唇缘215。槽214设置在第二子组件210中。
一旦第一子组件110被灌注,第二子组件210的壳体211的远端211b插入到第一子组件110的壳体111的近端111a中。腔室112配合在槽214中并且连接到驱动机构212。通过转动帽213将第二子组件210紧固到第一子组件110,帽213使唇缘215与第一子组件110的壳体111接合。
图8示出了已被灌注并且准备使用的注射装置300。注射装置300的击发机构的触发致动驱动机构212,该驱动机构212使针头115从注射装置300的外侧露出以刺穿患者的皮肤并且驱动止动件113通过腔室112以向患者注射流体。驱动机构212随后使针头115回缩,使得其完全容纳在注射装置300中。
一旦流体已经被注射,可以将第二子组件210从第一子组件110上拆下并且重复使用。第一子组件110可以被废弃并且为随后的注射提供新的第一子组件或者可以对第一子组件进行消毒以重复使用。
可以想到的是,可以对所描述的实施方式进行变型,而不脱离由权利要求书限定的本发明的范围。
Claims (11)
1.一种具有第一子组件的注射装置,包括:
壳体;
腔室,其设置在所述壳体内且具有近端和远端、内表面和出口孔;
止动件,其可动地设置在所述腔室内并且具有外表面,所述外表面基本上环绕所述内表面的周边与所述内表面接触;和
端口,其能够接收容纳流体的容器;
其中,所述止动件相对于所述壳体固定,并且所述端口的运动致使所述出口孔相对于所述止动件运动。
2.根据权利要求1所述的注射装置,其中,当所述出口孔邻近所述止动件时,所述端口能够使所述容器与所述出口孔流体接合。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的注射装置,还包括:
偏置元件,其连接到所述端口并且能够使所述端口偏置,使得所述出口孔被偏置远离所述止动件。
4.根据权利要求2或3所述的流体容器,其中,所述容器和出口孔之间的接合形成用于将流体从所述容器传输至所述腔室的流体管道。
5.根据前述任意一项权利要求所述的注射装置,还包括与所述出口孔流体连通的注射针头。
6.根据权利要求5所述的注射装置,其中,所述容器包括帽,所述注射针头能够刺穿所述帽以形成用于将流体从所述容器传输至所述腔室的流体管道。
7.根据前述任意一项权利要求所述的注射装置,还包括第二子组件,包括:
可释放驱动机构,其能够在致动时相对于所述止动件被驱动。
8.根据引用权利要求5或6的权利要求7所述的注射装置,其中,所述可释放驱动机构在致动时能够:
(a)使所述腔室和所述注射针头从回缩位置运动到伸出位置,在所述回缩位置,所述针头完全位于所述壳体内,在所述伸出位置,所述针头至少部分地位于所述壳体外侧;并且
(b)随后使所述止动件在所述腔室内朝着所述出口孔运动,以将流体从所述注射针头排出。
9.根据权利要求8所述的注射装置,还包括回缩机构,其能够在所述流体被排出后使所述注射针头回缩到所述壳体内。
10.根据权利要求7-9中任一项所述的注射装置,其中:
所述第一子组件能够从所述第二子组件上拆下;并且
所述第二子组件是可重复使用的。
11.一种灌注具有壳体的注射装置的方法,包括:
将容器插入到所述注射装置上的端口中,所述端口能够相对于所述壳体运动,所述注射装置包括具有出口孔的腔室和可动地设置在所述腔室内的止动件,所述止动件相对于所述壳体固定,使得所述端口的运动致使所述出口孔相对于所述止动件运动;
使所述端口运动到所述壳体中;并且
使所述端口运动出所述壳体,使得流体被从所述容器抽吸到所述腔室内。
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GB0811345.8A GB2461085B (en) | 2008-06-19 | 2008-06-19 | Injection device |
GB0811345.8 | 2008-06-19 | ||
PCT/GB2009/001453 WO2009153545A1 (en) | 2008-06-19 | 2009-06-10 | Re-useable auto-injector with filling means |
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CN102065935B CN102065935B (zh) | 2014-10-29 |
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ES (1) | ES2797481T3 (zh) |
GB (1) | GB2461085B (zh) |
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MX (1) | MX2010014014A (zh) |
NO (1) | NO20110087A1 (zh) |
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2008
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- 2009-06-10 NZ NZ590615A patent/NZ590615A/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
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- 2009-06-10 CN CN200980123008.4A patent/CN102065935B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2009-06-10 JP JP2011514114A patent/JP5524197B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2009-06-10 WO PCT/GB2009/001453 patent/WO2009153545A1/en active Application Filing
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- 2009-06-10 EP EP09766106.0A patent/EP2326366B1/en active Active
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CN104797281A (zh) * | 2012-10-04 | 2015-07-22 | 赛诺菲-安万特德国有限公司 | 具有触发按钮的药剂输送装置 |
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CN109890230A (zh) * | 2016-09-06 | 2019-06-14 | 方特慕控股第一私人有限公司 | 电子吸烟装置的注射器再填充件 |
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EA020309B1 (ru) | 2014-10-30 |
AU2009261720A1 (en) | 2009-12-23 |
EA201170050A1 (ru) | 2011-08-30 |
UA100745C2 (ru) | 2013-01-25 |
NZ590615A (en) | 2012-11-30 |
BRPI0914979A2 (pt) | 2015-10-27 |
NO20110087A1 (no) | 2011-03-16 |
AU2009261720A2 (en) | 2011-02-10 |
CN102065935B (zh) | 2014-10-29 |
EP2326366A1 (en) | 2011-06-01 |
ES2797481T3 (es) | 2020-12-02 |
JP2011524767A (ja) | 2011-09-08 |
IL209783A0 (en) | 2011-02-28 |
CA2729135A1 (en) | 2009-12-23 |
CA2729135C (en) | 2017-11-07 |
GB2461085A (en) | 2009-12-23 |
GB2461085B (en) | 2012-08-29 |
ZA201100495B (en) | 2013-07-31 |
MX2010014014A (es) | 2011-02-15 |
WO2009153545A1 (en) | 2009-12-23 |
JP5524197B2 (ja) | 2014-06-18 |
EP2326366B1 (en) | 2020-04-29 |
US20110130743A1 (en) | 2011-06-02 |
IL209783A (en) | 2015-04-30 |
GB0811345D0 (en) | 2008-07-30 |
KR20110033225A (ko) | 2011-03-30 |
KR101705012B1 (ko) | 2017-02-09 |
US9682194B2 (en) | 2017-06-20 |
AU2009261720B2 (en) | 2013-11-14 |
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