CN101863873A - 螺酮缩醇取代的环状酮烯醇 - Google Patents
螺酮缩醇取代的环状酮烯醇 Download PDFInfo
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- CN101863873A CN101863873A CN201010216182A CN201010216182A CN101863873A CN 101863873 A CN101863873 A CN 101863873A CN 201010216182 A CN201010216182 A CN 201010216182A CN 201010216182 A CN201010216182 A CN 201010216182A CN 101863873 A CN101863873 A CN 101863873A
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- WOSNCVAPUOFXEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N thifluzamide Chemical compound S1C(C)=NC(C(F)(F)F)=C1C(=O)NC1=C(Br)C=C(OC(F)(F)F)C=C1Br WOSNCVAPUOFXEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 1
- ICTQUFQQEYSGGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiocyclam oxalate Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)=O.CN(C)C1CSSSC1 ICTQUFQQEYSGGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BAKXBZPQTXCKRR-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiodicarb Chemical compound CSC(C)=NOC(=O)NSNC(=O)ON=C(C)SC BAKXBZPQTXCKRR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003568 thioethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- QSOHVSNIQHGFJU-UHFFFAOYSA-L thiosultap disodium Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)SCC(N(C)C)CSS([O-])(=O)=O QSOHVSNIQHGFJU-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
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- IYMLUHWAJFXAQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N topramezone Chemical compound CC1=C(C(=O)C2=C(N(C)N=C2)O)C=CC(S(C)(=O)=O)=C1C1=NOCC1 IYMLUHWAJFXAQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- YMXOXAPKZDWXLY-QWRGUYRKSA-N tribenuron methyl Chemical group COC(=O)[C@H]1CCCC[C@@H]1S(=O)(=O)NC(=O)N(C)C1=NC(C)=NC(OC)=N1 YMXOXAPKZDWXLY-QWRGUYRKSA-N 0.000 description 1
- STCOOQWBFONSKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N tributyl phosphate Chemical compound CCCCOP(=O)(OCCCC)OCCCC STCOOQWBFONSKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PIILXFBHQILWPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tributyltin Chemical compound CCCC[Sn](CCCC)CCCC PIILXFBHQILWPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940116861 trichinella britovi Drugs 0.000 description 1
- DQJCHOQLCLEDLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tricyclazole Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC2=C1N1C=NN=C1S2 DQJCHOQLCLEDLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ONCZDRURRATYFI-TVJDWZFNSA-N trifloxystrobin Chemical compound CO\N=C(\C(=O)OC)C1=CC=CC=C1CO\N=C(/C)C1=CC=CC(C(F)(F)F)=C1 ONCZDRURRATYFI-TVJDWZFNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HSMVPDGQOIQYSR-KGENOOAVSA-N triflumizole Chemical compound C1=CN=CN1C(/COCCC)=N/C1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1C(F)(F)F HSMVPDGQOIQYSR-KGENOOAVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XAIPTRIXGHTTNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N triflumuron Chemical compound C1=CC(OC(F)(F)F)=CC=C1NC(=O)NC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1Cl XAIPTRIXGHTTNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AKTQJCBOGPBERP-UHFFFAOYSA-N triflusulfuron Chemical compound FC(F)(F)COC1=NC(N(C)C)=NC(NC(=O)NS(=O)(=O)C=2C(=CC=CC=2C)C(O)=O)=N1 AKTQJCBOGPBERP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IMEVJVISCHQJRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N triflusulfuron-methyl Chemical group COC(=O)C1=CC=CC(C)=C1S(=O)(=O)NC(=O)NC1=NC(OCC(F)(F)F)=NC(N(C)C)=N1 IMEVJVISCHQJRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RROQIUMZODEXOR-UHFFFAOYSA-N triforine Chemical compound O=CNC(C(Cl)(Cl)Cl)N1CCN(C(NC=O)C(Cl)(Cl)Cl)CC1 RROQIUMZODEXOR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003258 trimethylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:2])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[*:1] 0.000 description 1
- 229940036248 turpentine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000004417 unsaturated alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229960005486 vaccine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940070710 valerate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- NQPDZGIKBAWPEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N valeric acid Chemical compound CCCCC(O)=O NQPDZGIKBAWPEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JARYYMUOCXVXNK-CSLFJTBJSA-N validamycin A Chemical compound N([C@H]1C[C@@H]([C@H]([C@H](O)[C@H]1O)O[C@H]1[C@@H]([C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1)O)CO)[C@H]1C=C(CO)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O JARYYMUOCXVXNK-CSLFJTBJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003612 virological effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012873 virucide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020234 walnut Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000080 wetting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- SQOXTAJBVHQIOO-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc;dicarbamothioate Chemical compound [Zn+2].NC([O-])=S.NC([O-])=S SQOXTAJBVHQIOO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- FJBGIXKIXPUXBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N {2-[3-(4-chlorophenyl)propyl]-2,4,4-trimethyl-1,3-oxazolidin-3-yl}(imidazol-1-yl)methanone Chemical compound C1=CN=CN1C(=O)N1C(C)(C)COC1(C)CCCC1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1 FJBGIXKIXPUXBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D491/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing in the condensed ring system both one or more rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms and one or more rings having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D459/00, C07D463/00, C07D477/00 or C07D489/00
- C07D491/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing in the condensed ring system both one or more rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms and one or more rings having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D459/00, C07D463/00, C07D477/00 or C07D489/00 in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings
- C07D491/10—Spiro-condensed systems
- C07D491/113—Spiro-condensed systems with two or more oxygen atoms as ring hetero atoms in the oxygen-containing ring
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/34—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
- A01N43/36—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom five-membered rings
- A01N43/38—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom five-membered rings condensed with carbocyclic rings
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/04—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom
- A01N43/06—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom five-membered rings
- A01N43/12—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom five-membered rings condensed with a carbocyclic ring
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/24—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with two or more hetero atoms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/24—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with two or more hetero atoms
- A01N43/26—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with two or more hetero atoms five-membered rings
- A01N43/28—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with two or more hetero atoms five-membered rings with two hetero atoms in positions 1,3
- A01N43/30—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with two or more hetero atoms five-membered rings with two hetero atoms in positions 1,3 with two oxygen atoms in positions 1,3, condensed with a carbocyclic ring
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/24—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with two or more hetero atoms
- A01N43/32—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with two or more hetero atoms six-membered rings
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/34—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
- A01N43/36—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom five-membered rings
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/90—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having two or more relevant hetero rings, condensed among themselves or with a common carbocyclic ring system
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N47/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid
- A01N47/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid the carbon atom having no bond to a nitrogen atom
- A01N47/06—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid the carbon atom having no bond to a nitrogen atom containing —O—CO—O— groups; Thio analogues thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种螺酮缩醇取代的环状酮烯醇。本发明涉及其中Q3、q和R8具有给出定义的式(XVI’)、(XVI”)、(XVI’”)、(XIX’)、(XIX”)、(XIX’”)、(XXⅢ’)、(XXⅢ”)和(XXⅢ’”)的新的化合物。
Description
本申请是2006年2月8日向国际局提交的、2007年10月17日进入中国国家阶段的名称为“螺酮缩醇取代的环状酮烯醇”的200680012797.0号发明专利申请的分案申请。
本发明涉及多种新的螺酮缩醇取代的环状酮烯醇,涉及其多种制备方法以及其作为杀虫剂和/或除草剂和/或杀微生物剂的用途。本发明还提供多种选择性除草组合物,其首先包括螺酮缩醇取代的环状酮烯醇,其次包括一种提高作物植物相容性的化合物。
现有技术中已描述了3-酰基吡咯烷-2,4-二酮的药用性质(S.Suzuki等人Chem.Pharm.Bull.15 1120(1967))。此外,R.Schmierer和H.Mildenberger(Liebigs Ann.Chem.1985,1095)合成了N-苯基吡咯烷-2,4-二酮。没有描述这些化合物的生物学活性。
EP-A-0 262 399和GB-A-2 266 888公开了具有类似结构的化合物(3-芳基-吡咯烷-2,4-二酮);但这些化合物的除草作用、杀昆虫作用或杀螨作用未知。已知未被取代的双环3-芳基吡咯烷-2,4-二酮衍生物(EP-A-355 599、EP-A-415 211和JP-A-12-053 670)和取代的单环3-芳基吡咯烷-2,4-二酮衍生物(EP-A-377 893和EP-A-442 077)具有除草作用、杀昆虫作用或杀螨作用。
已知的还有多环3-芳基吡咯烷-2,4-二酮衍生物(EP-A-442 073)以及1H-芳基吡咯烷二酮衍生物(EP-A-456 063、EP-A-521 334、EP-A-596 298、EP-A-613 884、EP-A-613 885、WO 94/01 997、WO 95/26954、WO 95/20 572、EP-A-0 668 267、WO 96/25 395、WO 96/35 664、WO 97/01 535、WO 97/02 243、WO 97/36 868、WO 97/43275、WO 98/05638、WO 98/06721、WO 98/25928、WO 99/24437、WO 99/43649、WO 99/48869和WO 99/55673、WO 01/17972、WO 01/23354、WO 01/74770、WO 03/013249、WO 03/062244、WO 2004/007448、WO 2004/024688、WO 04/065366、WO 04/080962、WO 04/111042、WO 05/044791、WO 05/044796、WO05/048710、WO 05/049596、WO 05/066125、WO 05/092897和DE-A-04030753)。还从WO 99/16748中熟知酮缩醇取代的1H-芳基吡咯烷-2,4-二酮,以及从JP-A-14 205 984和Ito M.等人,Bioscience,Biotechnology and Biochemistry 67,1230-1238,(2003)中熟知(螺)-酮缩醇取代的N-烷氧基烷氧基取代的芳基吡咯烷二酮。
已知某些取代的Δ3-二氢呋喃-2-酮衍生物具有除草性能(参见DE-A-4 014 420)。在DE-A-4 014 420中还描述了用作原料的特窗酸衍生物(例如3-(2-甲基苯基)-4-羟基-5-(4-氟苯基)-Δ3-二氢呋喃-2-酮)的合成。在出版物Campbell等人,J.Chem.Soc.,Perkin Trans.1,1985,(8)1567-76中已知具有类似结构而未给出其杀昆虫活性和/或杀螨活性的化合物。此外,还从EP-A-528 156、EP-A-0 647 637、WO 95/26 345、WO 96/20 196、WO 96/25 395、WO 96/35 664、WO 97/01535、WO 97/02 243、WO 97/36 868、WO 98/05638、WO 98/25928、WO99/16748、WO 99/43649、WO 99/48869、WO 99/55673、WO 01/17972、WO 01/23354和WO 01/74770、WO 03/013 249、WO 2004/024 688、WO04/080962、WO 04/111042、WO 05/092897和DE-A-04 030 753中已知3-芳基-Δ3-二氢呋喃酮衍生物具有除草特性、杀螨特性和杀昆虫特性。
然而,这些已知化合物的除草的和/或杀螨的和/或杀昆虫的活性和/或活性谱和/或植物相容性——特别是作物植物相容性,并不总是令人满意。
本发明现提供式(I)的新化合物
其中
W代表氢、烷基、烯基、炔基、卤素、烷氧基、烯氧基、卤代烷基、卤代烷氧基或氰基,
X代表卤素、烷基、烯基、炔基、烷氧基、烯氧基、烷硫基、烷基亚磺酰基、烷基磺酰基、卤代烷基、卤代烷氧基、卤代烯氧基、硝基或氰基,
Y和Z彼此独立地代表氢、烷基、烯基、炔基、烷氧基、卤素、卤代烷基、卤代烷氧基、氰基、硝基或者各自任选取代的芳基或杂芳基,条件是如果X和Y代表甲基,则基团W或Z中的至少一个不是氢,
A和B以及它们所连接的碳原子代表可任选被其它杂原子间断的五元至七元酮缩醇、酮缩硫醇或二硫代酮缩醇(dithioketal),每个上述基团任选被烷基、卤代烷基、烷氧基、烷氧基烷基或任选取代的苯基取代,
D代表NH和氧,
Q1和Q2彼此独立地代表氢、烷基、卤代烷基或烷氧基,
G代表氢(a)或代表以下基团之一
其中
E代表一个金属离子或一个铵离子,
L代表氧或硫,
M代表氧或硫,
R1代表各自任选被卤素或氰基取代的烷基、烯基、烷氧基烷基、烷基硫代烷基或多烷氧基烷基或者代表各自任选被卤素、烷基或烷氧基取代的环烷基或杂环基或者代表各自任选取代的苯基、苯基烷基、杂芳基、苯氧基烷基或杂芳氧基烷基,
R2代表各自任选被卤素或氰基取代的烷基、烯基、烷氧基烷基或多烷氧基烷基,或者代表各自任选取代的环烷基、苯基或苄基,
R3、R4和R5彼此独立地代表各自任选被卤素取代的烷基、烷氧基、烷基氨基、二烷基氨基、烷硫基、烯硫基或环烷硫基,或者代表各自任选取代的苯基、苄基、苯氧基或苯硫基,
R6和R7彼此独立地代表氢,代表各自任选被卤素或氰基取代的烷基、环烷基、烯基、烷氧基、烷氧基烷基,代表各自任选取代的苯基或苄基,或者与它们所连接的N原子一起形成一个任选取代的环,所述环任选含有氧或硫。
尤其根据取代基的性质,式(I)化合物可以光学异构体或具有不同组成的异构体混合物的形式存在,所述异构体混合物如果合适可通过常规方式分离。本发明提供纯净异构体和异构体混合物、其制备方法和用途,以及包括其的组合物。然而为了简洁起见,下文中只提到式(I)化合物,但其含义既指纯净化合物,如果合适,也指具有不同比例的异构体化合物的混合物。
包括D代表NH(1)和D代表O(2)的情况,可得到以下主要结构(I-1)和(I-2):
其中
A、B、G、Q1、Q2、W、X、Y和Z定义如上。
包括基团G的不同含义(a)、(b)、(c)、(d)、(e)、(f)和(g),如果D代表NH(1),可得到以下主要结构(I-1-a)至(I-1-g)
其中
A、B、E、L、M、Q1、Q2、W、X、Y、Z、R1、R2、R3、R4、R5、R6和R7定义如上。
包括基团G的不同含义(a)、(b)、(c)、(d)、(e)、(f)和(g),如果D代表O(2),可得到以下主要结构(I-2-a)至(I-2-g)
其中
A、B、E、L、M、Q1、Q2、W、X、Y、Z、R1、R2、R3、R4、R5、R6和R7定义如上。
此外,发现式(I)的新化合物可通过以下所述方法获得:
(A)当式(Ⅱ)化合物在稀释剂的存在下且在碱的存在下进行分子内缩合时得到式(I-1-a)化合物
其中
A、B、Q1、Q2、W、X、Y和Z定义如上,
其中
A、B、Q1、Q2、W、X、Y和Z定义如上,
并且
R8代表烷基(优选C1-C6烷基)。
(B)而且,发现当式(Ⅲ)化合物在稀释剂的存在下且在碱的存在下进行分子内缩合时得到式(I-2-a)化合物
其中
A、B、Q1、Q2、W、X、Y和Z定义如上,
其中
A、B、Q1、Q2、W、X、Y、Z和R8定义如上。
而且,发现
(C)当上述的其中A、B、Q1、Q2、W、X、Y和Z定义如上的式(I-1-a)至式(I-2-a)化合物各自α)与式(Ⅳ)化合物或β)与式(V)的羧酸酐反应时,可得到上述的其中R1、A、B、Q1、Q2、W、X、Y和Z定义如上的式(I-1-b)至式(I-2-b)化合物,该反应如果合适在稀释剂的存在下进行并且如果合适在酸结合剂的存在下进行
其中
R1定义如上并且
Hal代表卤素(特别是氯或溴)
R1-CO-O-CO-R1 (V)
其中
R1定义如上;
(D)当上述的其中A、B、Q1、Q2、W、X、Y和Z定义如上的式(I-1-a)至式(I-2-a)化合物各自与式(Ⅵ)的氯代甲酸酯或氯代甲酸硫酯反应时,可得到上述的其中R2、A、B、Q1、Q2、W、M、X、Y和Z定义如上并且L代表氧的式(I-1-c)至式(I-2-c)化合物,该反应如果合适在稀释剂的存在下进行并且如果合适在酸结合剂的存在下进行
R2-M-CO-Cl (Ⅵ)
其中
R2和M定义如上;
(E)当上述的其中A、B、Q1、Q2、W、X、Y和Z定义如上的式(I-1-a)至式(I-2-a)化合物各自与式(Ⅶ)的氯代单硫甲酸酯或氯代二硫甲酸酯反应时,可得到上述的其中R2、A、B、Q1、Q2、W、M、X、Y和Z定义如上并且L代表硫的式(I-1-c)至式(I-2-c)化合物,该反应如果合适在稀释剂的存在下进行并且如果合适在酸结合剂的存在下进行
其中
M和R2定义如上;
(F)当上述的其中A、B、Q1、Q2、W、X、Y和Z定义如上的式(I-1-a)至式(I-2-a)化合物各自与式(Ⅷ)的磺酰氯反应时,可得到上述的其中R3、A、B、W、Q1、Q2、X、Y和Z定义如上的式(I-1-d)至式(I-2-d)化合物,该反应如果合适在稀释剂的存在下进行并且如果合适在酸结合剂的存在下进行
R3-SO2-Cl (VIII)
其中
R3定义如上,
(G)当上述的其中A、B、Q1、Q2、W、X、Y和Z定义如上的式(I-1-a)至式(I-2-a)化合物各自与式(Ⅸ)的磷化合物反应时,可得到上述的其中L、R4、R5、A、B、Q1、Q2、W、X、Y和Z定义如上的式(I-1-e)至式(I-2-e)化合物,该反应如果合适在稀释剂的存在下进行并且如果合适在酸结合剂的存在下进行
其中
L、R4和R5定义如上,并且
Hal代表卤素(特别是氯或溴),
(H)当其中A、B、Q1、Q2、W、X、Y和Z定义如上的式(I-1-a)至式(I-2-a)化合物各自与式(X)的金属化合物或式(XI)的胺反应时,可得到上述的其中E、A、B、Q1、Q2、W、X、Y和Z定义如上的式(I-1-f)至式(I-2-f)化合物,该反应如果合适在稀释剂的存在下进行
其中
Me代表一价或二价金属(优选碱金属或碱土金属,例如锂、钠、钾、镁或钙),
t代表数字1或2,并且
R10、R11、R12彼此独立地代表氢或烷基(优选C1-C8烷基),
(I)当上述的其中A、B、Q1、Q2、W、X、Y和Z定义如上的式(I-1-a)至式(I-2-a)化合物各自α)如果合适在稀释剂的存在下并且如果合适在催化剂的存在下与式(Ⅻ)的异氰酸酯或异硫氰酸酯反应或者β)如果合适在稀释剂的存在下并且如果合适在酸结合剂的存在下与式(XⅢ)的氨基甲酰氯或硫代氨基甲酰氯反应时,可得到上述的其中L、R6、R7、A、B、Q1、Q2、W、X、Y和Z定义如上的式(I-1-g)至式(I-2-g)化合物,
R6-N=C=L (XII)
其中
R6和L定义如上,
其中
L、R6和R7定义如上,
(J)当式(XIV)的化合物与例如式(XV)的二醇反应时,可得到上述的其中A、B、D、G、Q1、Q2、W、X、Y和Z定义如上的式(I-1-a)至式(I-1-g)和式(I-2-a)至式(I-2-g)化合物,该反应如果合适在稀释剂的存在下、在酸性催化剂的存在下且在脱水条件下进行,
其中
D、G、Q1、Q2、W、X、Y和Z定义如上,
HO-A-B-OH (XV)
其中
A和B定义如上。
以下式(I-a)化合物已于1994年在EP 596 298的欧洲专利审查文本中公开。
此外,发现式(I)的新化合物具有作为农药、优选作为杀昆虫剂和/或杀螨剂和/或杀菌剂和/或除草剂的良好活性,并且通常还与植物、特别是作物植物高度相容。
令人惊讶地,现在还发现某些被取代的环状酮烯醇当与后文所述的提高作物植物相容性的化合物(安全剂/解毒剂)共同使用时,能极好地防止对作物植物的损害并可特别有利地用作广谱结合产品用于在有益植物作物——例如谷物以及玉米、大豆和稻——中选择性防治不想要的植物。
本发明还提供包含有效量的一种活性化合物结合物的选择性除草组合物,所述活性化合物结合物包含组分(a’)至少一种其中A、B、D、G、Q1、Q2、W、X、Y和Z定义如上的式(I)化合物,和(b’)至少一种选自以下化合物的提高作物植物相容性的化合物:
4-二氯乙酰基-1-氧杂-4-氮杂螺[4.5]癸烷(AD-67,MON-4660)、
1-二氯乙酰基六氢-3,3,8a-三甲基吡咯并[1,2-a]嘧啶-6(2H)-酮(dicyclonon,BAS-145138)、
4-二氯乙酰基-3,4-二氢-3-甲基-2H-1,4-苯并噁嗪(解草嗪(benoxacor))、
5-氯喹啉-8-氧基乙酸1-甲基己酯(解草酯(cloquintocet-mexyl),参见EP-A-86750、EP-A-94349、EP-A-191736、EP-A-492366中相关化合物)、
3-(2-氯苯甲基)-1-(1-甲基-1-苯基乙基)脲(苄草隆(cumyluron))、
α-(氰基甲氧亚氨基)苯乙腈(解草胺腈(cyometrinil))、
2,4-二氯苯氧基乙酸(2,4-D)、
4-(2,4-二氯苯氧基)丁酸(2,4-DB)、
1-(1-甲基-1-苯基乙基)-3-(4-甲基苯基)脲(香草隆(daimuron、dymron))、
3,6-二氯-2-甲氧基苯甲酸(麦草畏(dicamba))、
哌啶-1-硫代羧酸S-1-甲基-1-苯基乙酯(哌草丹(dimepiperate))、
2,2-二氯-N-(2-氧代-2-(2-丙烯基氨基)乙基)-N-(2-丙烯基)乙酰胺(DKA-24)、
2,2-二氯-N,N-二-2-丙烯基乙酰胺(烯丙酰草胺(dichlormid))、
4,6-二氯-2-苯基嘧啶(解草啶(fenclorim))、
1-(2,4-二氯苯基)-5-三氯甲基-1H-1,2,4-三唑-3-羧酸乙酯(解草唑(fenchlorazole-ethyl),参见EP-A-174562和EP-A-346620中相关化合物)、
2-氯-4-三氟甲基噻唑-5-羧酸苯甲酯(解草胺(flurazole))、
4-氯-N-(1,3-二氧戊环-2-基-甲氧基)-α-三氟乙酰苯酮肟(氟草肟(fluxofenim))、
3-二氯乙酰基-5-(2-呋喃基)-2,2-二甲基噁唑烷(解草噁唑(furilazole),MON-13900)、
4,5-二氢-5,5-二苯基-3-异噁唑羧酸乙酯(双苯噁唑酸(isoxadifen-ethyl),参见WO-A-95/07897中相关化合物)、
3,6-二氯-2-甲氧基苯甲酸1-(乙氧基羰基)乙酯(lactidichlor)、
(4-氯-邻-甲苯氧基)乙酸(MCPA)、
2-(4-氯-邻-甲苯氧基)丙酸(2甲4氯丙酸(mecoprop))、
1-(2,4-二氯苯基)-4,5-二氢-5-甲基-1H-吡唑-3,5-二羧酸二乙酯(吡唑解草酯(mefenpyr-diethyl),参见WO-A-91/07874中相关化合物)、
2-二氯甲基-2-甲基-1,3-二氧戊环烷(MG-191)、
2-丙烯基-1-氧杂-4-氮杂螺[4.5]癸烷-4-二硫代羧酸酯(MG-838)、
1,8-萘二甲酸酐、
α-(1,3-二氧戊环-2-基-甲氧亚氨基)苯乙腈(解草腈(oxabetrinil))、
2,2-二氯-N-(1,3-二氧戊环-2-基-甲基)-N-(2-丙烯基)乙酰胺(PPG-1292)、
3-二氯乙酰基-2,2-二甲基噁唑烷(R-28725)、
3-二氯乙酰基-2,2,5-三甲基噁唑烷(R-29148)、
4-(4-氯-邻-甲苯基)丁酸、
4-(4-氯苯氧基)丁酸、
二苯基甲氧基乙酸、
二苯基甲氧基乙酸甲酯、
二苯基甲氧基乙酸乙酯、
1-(2-氯苯基)-5-苯基-1H-吡唑-3-羧酸甲酯、
1-(2,4-二氯苯基)-5-甲基-1H-吡唑-3-羧酸乙酯、
1-(2,4-二氯苯基)-5-异丙基-1H-吡唑-3-羧酸乙酯、
1-(2,4-二氯苯基)-5-(1,1-二甲基乙基)-1H-吡唑-3-羧酸乙酯、
1-(2,4-二氯苯基)-5-苯基-1H-吡唑-3-羧酸乙酯(参见EP-A-269806和EP-A-333131中相关化合物)、
5-(2,4-二氯苯甲基)-2-异噁唑啉-3-羧酸乙酯、
5-苯基-2-异噁唑啉-3-羧酸乙酯、
5-(4-氟苯基)-5-苯基-2-异噁唑啉-3-羧酸乙酯(参见WO-A-91/08202中相关化合物)、
5-氯喹啉-8-氧基乙酸1,3-二甲基丁-1-基酯、
5-氯喹啉-8-氧基乙酸4-烯丙氧基丁酯、
5-氯喹啉-8-氧基乙酸1-烯丙氧基丙-2-基酯、
5-氯喹喔啉-8-氧基乙酸甲酯、
5-氯喹啉-8-氧基乙酸乙酯、
5-氯喹喔啉-8-氧基乙酸烯丙酯、
5-氯喹啉-8-氧基乙酸2-氧代丙-1-基酯、
5-氯喹啉-8-氧基丙二酸二乙酯、
5-氯喹喔啉-8-氧基丙二酸二烯丙酯、
5-氯喹啉-8-氧基丙二酸二乙酯(参见EP-A-582198中相关化合物)、
4-羧基苯并二氢吡喃-4-基乙酸(AC-304415,参见EP-A-613618)、
4-氯苯氧基乙酸、
3,3′-二甲基-4-甲氧基二苯酮、
1-溴-4-氯甲基磺酰基苯、
1-[4-(N-2-甲氧基苯甲酰基氨磺酰基)苯基]-3-甲基脲(即N-(2-甲氧基苯甲酰基)-4-[(甲基氨基羰基)氨基]苯磺酰胺)、
1-[4-(N-2-甲氧基苯甲酰基氨磺酰基)苯基]-3,3-二甲基脲、
1-[4-(N-4,5-二甲基苯甲酰基氨磺酰基)苯基]-3-甲基脲、
1-[4-(N-萘基氨磺酰基)苯基]-3,3-二甲基脲、
N-(2-甲氧基-5-甲基苯甲酰基)-4-(环丙基氨基羰基)苯磺酰胺,
和/或以下由通式定义的化合物之一,
通式(Ⅱa)
或通式(Ⅱb)
或通式(Ⅱc)
其中
m代表数字0、1、2、3、4或5,
A1代表以下所示二价杂环基团之一
n代表数字0、1、2、3、4或5,
A2代表任选被C1-C4烷基和/或C1-C4烷氧基羰基和/或C1-C4烯氧基羰基取代的具有1或2个碳原子的烷二基,
R14代表羟基、巯基、氨基、C1-C6烷氧基、C1-C6烷硫基、C1-C6烷基氨基或二-(C1-C4烷基)氨基,
R15代表羟基、巯基、氨基、C1-C7烷氧基、C1-C6烷硫基、C1-C6烯氧基、C1-C6烯氧基-C1-C6烷氧基、C1-C6烷基氨基或二-(C1-C4烷基)氨基,
R16代表任选被氟、氯和/或溴取代的C1-C4烷基,
R17代表氢,各自任选被氟、氯和/或溴取代的C1-C6烷基、C2-C6烯基或C2-C6炔基、C1-C4烷氧基-C1-C4烷基、二氧戊环基-C1-C4烷基、呋喃基、呋喃基-C1-C4烷基、噻吩基、噻唑基、哌啶基,或者任选被氟、氯和/或溴或C1-C4烷基取代的苯基,
R18代表氢,各自任选被氟、氯和/或溴取代的C1-C6烷基、C2-C6烯基或C2-C6炔基、C1-C4烷氧基-C1-C4烷基、二氧戊环基-C1-C4烷基、呋喃基、呋喃基-C1-C4烷基、噻吩基、噻唑基、哌啶基,或者任选被氟、氯和/或溴或C1-C4烷基取代的苯基,R17和R18还一起代表各自任选被C1-C4烷基、苯基、呋喃基、一个稠合苯环或被两个取代基取代的C3-C6烷二基或C2-C5氧杂烷二基,所述两个取代基与它们所连接的C原子一起形成5或6元碳环,
R19代表氢、氰基、卤素,或者代表各自任选被氟、氯和/或溴取代的C1-C4烷基、C3-C6环烷基或苯基,
R20代表氢,各自任选被羟基、氰基、卤素或C1-C4烷氧基取代的C1-C6烷基、C3-C6环烷基或三-(C1-C4烷基)甲硅烷基,
R21代表氢、氰基、卤素,或者代表各自任选被氟、氯和/或溴取代的C1-C4烷基、C3-C6环烷基或苯基,
X1代表硝基、氰基、卤素、C1-C4烷基、C1-C4卤代烷基、C1-C4烷氧基或C1-C4卤代烷氧基,
X2代表氢、氰基、硝基、卤素、C1-C4烷基、C1-C4卤代烷基、C1-C4烷氧基或C1-C4卤代烷氧基,
X3代表氢、氰基、硝基、卤素、C1-C4烷基、C1-C4卤代烷基、C1-C4烷氧基或C1-C4卤代烷氧基,
和/或以下由通式定义的化合物,
通式(Ⅱd)
或通式(Ⅱe)
其中
t代表一个0和5之间的数字,
v代表一个0和5之间的数字,
R22代表氢或C1-C4烷基,
R23代表氢或C1-C4烷基,
R24代表氢,各自任选被氰基、卤素或C1-C4烷氧基取代的C1-C6烷基、C1-C6烷氧基、C1-C6烷硫基、C1-C6烷基氨基或二-(C1-C4烷基)氨基,或者各自任选被氰基、卤素或C1-C4烷基取代的C 3-C6环烷基、C3-C6环烷基氧基、C3-C6环烷基硫基或C3-C6环烷基氨基,
R25代表氢,任选被氰基、羟基、卤素或C1-C4烷氧基取代的C1-C6烷基,各自任选被氰基或卤素取代的C3-C6烯基或C3-C6炔基,或者任选被氰基、卤素或C1-C4烷基取代的C3-C6环烷基,
R26代表氢,任选被氰基、羟基、卤素或C1-C4烷氧基取代的C1-C6烷基,各自任选被氰基或卤素取代的C3-C6烯基或C3-C6炔基,任选被氰基、卤素或C1-C4烷基取代的C3-C6环烷基,或者任选被硝基、氰基、卤素、C1-C4烷基、C1-C4卤代烷基、C1-C4烷氧基或C1-C4卤代烷氧基取代的苯基,或者与R25一起代表各自任选被C1-C4烷基取代的C2-C6烷二基或C2-C5氧杂烷二基,
X4代表硝基、氰基、羧基、氨基甲酰基、甲酰基、氨基磺酰基、羟基、氨基、卤素、C1-C4烷基、C1-C4卤代烷基、C1-C4烷氧基或C1-C4卤代烷氧基,并且
X5代表硝基、氰基、羧基、氨基甲酰基、甲酰基、氨基磺酰基、羟基、氨基、卤素、C1-C4烷基、C1-C4卤代烷基、C1-C4烷氧基或C1-C4卤代烷氧基。
式(I)提供本发明化合物的宽泛定义。以上和以下给出的式中所列的取代基或基团的范围优选说明如下:
W优选代表氢、C1-C6烷基、C2-C6烯基、C2-C6炔基、卤素、C1-C6烷氧基、C1-C4卤代烷基、C1-C4卤代烷氧基或氰基,
X优选代表卤素、C1-C6烷基、C2-C6烯基、C2-C6炔基、C1-C6卤代烷基、C1-C6烷氧基、C3-C6烯氧基、C1-C6烷硫基、C1-C6烷基亚磺酰基、C1-C6烷基磺酰基、C1-C6卤代烷氧基、C3-C6卤代烯氧基、硝基或氰基,
Y和Z彼此独立地优选代表氢、卤素、C1-C6烷基、C2-C6烯基、C2-C6炔基、C1-C6烷氧基、C1-C6卤代烷基、C1-C6卤代烷氧基、氰基、C2-C6烯基、C2-C6炔基或以下(杂)芳基之一
其中对于(杂)芳基的情况,Y或Z基团中只有一个可代表(杂)芳基,
V1优选代表氢、卤素、C1-C12烷基、C1-C6烷氧基、C1-C6烷硫基、C1-C6烷基亚磺酰基、C1-C6烷基磺酰基、C1-C4卤代烷基、C1-C4卤代烷氧基、硝基、氰基或者代表各自任选被卤素、C1-C6烷基、C1-C6烷氧基、C1-C4卤代烷基、C1-C4卤代烷氧基、硝基或氰基单取代或多取代的苯基、苯氧基、苯氧基-C1-C4烷基、苯基-C1-C4烷氧基、苯硫基-C1-C4烷基或苯基-C1-C4烷硫基,
V2和V3彼此独立地优选代表氢、卤素、C1-C6烷基、C1-C6烷氧基、C1-C4卤代烷基或C1-C4卤代烷氧基,
条件是如果X和Y代表甲基,则基团W或Z中的至少一个不是氢,A和B以及它们所连接的碳原子优选代表可任选被另外一个氧原子、硫原子或基团间断的五元至七元的酮缩醇、酮缩硫醇或二硫代酮缩醇,每个上述基团任选被C1-C6烷基、C1-C4卤代烷基、C1-C6烷氧基或C1-C4烷氧基-C1-C4烷基单取代至四取代,
V4优选代表氢、C1-C6烷基、C3-C6烯基,或者代表基团-CO-V5、-CO2V5、CO-NH-V5或CO-NH-O-V5,
V5优选代表C1-C6烷基,
D优选代表NH(1)或氧(2),
Q1和Q2彼此独立地优选代表氢、C1-C6烷基、C1-C2卤代烷基或C1-C4烷氧基,
G优选代表氢(a)或代表以下基团之一
其中
E代表一个金属离子或一个铵离子,
L代表氧或硫并且
M代表氧或硫,
R1优选代表各自任选被卤素或氰基取代的C1-C20烷基、C2-C20烯基、C1-C8烷氧基-C1-C8烷基、C1-C8烷硫基-C1-C8烷基或多-C1-C8烷氧基-C1-C8烷基,或者代表任选被卤素、C1-C6烷基或C1-C6烷氧基取代的C3-C8环烷基,所述环烷基中任选一个或两个不直接相邻的亚甲基被氧和/或硫代替,
代表任选被卤素、氰基、硝基、C1-C6烷基、C1-C 6烷氧基、C1-C6卤代烷基、C1-C6卤代烷氧基、C1-C6烷硫基或C1-C6烷基磺酰基取代的苯基,代表任选被卤素、硝基、氰基、C1-C6烷基、C1-C6烷氧基、C1-C6卤代烷基或C1-C6卤代烷氧基取代的苯基-C1-C6烷基,
代表任选被卤素或C1-C6烷基取代的具有一个或两个选自氧、硫和氮的杂原子的5元或6元杂芳基,
代表任选被卤素或C1-C6烷基取代的苯氧基-C1-C6烷基,或者代表任选被卤素、氨基或C1-C6烷基取代的具有一个或两个选自氧、硫和氮的杂原子的5元或6元杂芳氧基-C1-C6烷基,
R2优选代表各自任选被卤素或氰基取代的C1-C20烷基、C2-C20烯基、C1-C8烷氧基-C2-C8烷基或多-C1-C8烷氧基-C2-C8烷基,
代表任选被卤素、C1-C6烷基或C1-C6烷氧基取代的C3-C8环烷基,或者
代表各自任选被卤素、氰基、硝基、C1-C6烷基、C1-C6烷氧基、C1-C6卤代烷基或C1-C6卤代烷氧基取代的苯基或苄基,
R3优选代表任选被卤素取代的C1-C8烷基或者各自任选被卤素、C1-C6烷基、C1-C6烷氧基、C1-C4卤代烷基、C1-C4卤代烷氧基、氰基或硝基取代的苯基或苄基,
R4和R5彼此独立地优选代表各自任选被卤素取代的C1-C8烷基、C1-C8烷氧基、C1-C8烷基氨基、二(C1-C8烷基)氨基、C1-C8烷硫基或C3-C8烯硫基,或者代表各自任选被卤素、硝基、氰基、C1-C4烷氧基、C1-C4卤代烷氧基、C1-C4烷硫基、C1-C4卤代烷硫基、C1-C4烷基或C1-C4卤代烷基取代的苯基、苯氧基或苯硫基,
R6和R7彼此独立地优选代表氢,代表各自任选被卤素或氰基取代的C1-C8烷基、C3-C8环烷基、C1-C8烷氧基、C3-C8烯基或C1-C8烷氧基-C2-C8烷基,代表各自任选被卤素、C1-C8烷基、C1-C8卤代烷基或C1-C8烷氧基取代的苯基或苄基,或者共同代表一个任选被C1-C6烷基取代的C3-C6亚烷基,所述C3-C6亚烷基中任选一个亚甲基被氧或硫代替。
在作为优选提及的基团定义中,卤素代表氟、氯、溴和碘,特别代表氟、氯和溴。
W特别优选代表氢、氯、溴、C1-C4烷基、C2-C4烯基、C2-C4炔基、C1-C4烷氧基、C1-C2卤代烷基或C1-C2卤代烷氧基,
X特别优选代表氯、溴、C1-C4烷基、C2-C4烯基、C2-C4炔基、C1-C4烷氧基、C1-C4卤代烷基、C1-C4卤代烷氧基或氰基,
Y和Z彼此独立地特别优选代表氢、氟、氯、溴、C1-C4烷基、C2-C4烯基、C2-C4炔基、C1-C6烷氧基、C1-C4卤代烷基、C1-C4卤代烷氧基、氰基、C2-C4烯基、C2-C4炔基或代表以下(杂)芳基之一
其中对于(杂)芳基的情况,Y或Z基团中只有一个可代表(杂)芳基,
V1特别优选代表氢、氟、氯、溴、C1-C6烷基、C1-C4烷氧基、C1-C2卤代烷基、C1-C2卤代烷氧基、硝基、氰基,或者代表任选被氟、氯、溴、C1-C4烷基、C1-C4烷氧基、C1-C2卤代烷基、C1-C2卤代烷氧基、硝基或氰基单取代或二取代的苯基,
V2和V3彼此独立地特别优选代表氢、氟、氯、溴、C1-C4烷基、C1-C4烷氧基、C1-C2卤代烷基或C1-C2卤代烷氧基,
条件是如果X和Y代表甲基,则基团W或Z中的至少一个不是氢,
A和B以及它们所连接的碳原子特别优选代表可任选被另外一个氧原子间断并且任选被C1-C4烷基、C1-C3卤代烷基、C1-C4烷氧基或C1-C4烷氧基-C1-C2烷基单取代至三取代的五元、六元或七元的酮缩醇,
D特别优选代表NH(1)或氧(2),
Q1和Q2彼此独立地特别优选代表氢、甲基、乙基、三氟甲基、甲氧基或乙氧基,
G特别优选代表氢(a)或代表以下基团之一
其中
E代表一个金属离子或一个铵离子,
L代表氧或硫并且
M代表氧或硫,
R1特别优选代表C1-C16烷基、C2-C16烯基、C1-C6烷氧基-C1-C4烷基、C1-C6烷硫基-C1-C4烷基或多-C1-C6烷氧基-C1-C4烷基,每个上述基团任选被氟或氯单取代至三取代,或者代表任选被氟、氯、C1-C5烷基或C1-C5烷氧基单取代或二取代并且其中任选一个或两个不直接相邻的亚甲基被氧和/或硫代替的C3-C7环烷基,
代表任选被氟、氯、溴、氰基、硝基、C1-C4烷基、C1-C4烷氧基、C1-C3卤代烷基、C1-C3卤代烷氧基、C1-C4烷硫基或C1-C4烷基磺酰基单取代至三取代的苯基,
代表任选被氟、氯、溴、C1-C4烷基、C1-C4烷氧基、C1-C3卤代烷基或C1-C3卤代烷氧基单取代或二取代的苯基-C1-C4烷基,
代表各自任选被氟、氯、溴或C1-C4烷基单取代或二取代的吡唑基、噻唑基、吡啶基、嘧啶基、呋喃基或噻吩基,
代表任选被氟、氯、溴或C1-C4烷基单取代或二取代的苯氧基-C1-C5烷基,或者
代表各自任选被氟、氯、溴、氨基或C1-C4烷基单取代或二取代的吡啶基氧基-C1-C5烷基、嘧啶基氧基-C1-C5烷基或噻唑基氧基-C1-C5烷基,
R2特别优选代表各自任选被氟或氯单取代至三取代的C1-C16烷基、C2-C16烯基、C1-C6烷氧基-C2-C6烷基或多-C1-C6烷氧基-C2-C6烷基,代表任选被氟、氯、C1-C4烷基或C1-C4烷氧基单取代或二取代的C3-C7环烷基,或者
代表各自任选被氟、氯、溴、氰基、硝基、C1-C4烷基、C1-C3烷氧基、C1-C3卤代烷基或C1-C3卤代烷氧基单取代至三取代的苯基或苄基,
R3特别优选代表任选被氟或氯单取代至三取代的C1-C6烷基,或者代表各自任选被氟、氯、溴、C1-C4烷基、C1-C4烷氧基、C1-C2卤代烷氧基、C1-C2卤代烷基、氰基或硝基单取代或二取代的苯基或苄基,
R4和R5彼此独立地特别优选代表各自任选被氟或氯单取代至三取代的C1-C6烷基、C1-C6烷氧基、C1-C6烷基氨基、二(C1-C6烷基)氨基、C1-C6烷硫基或C3-C4烯硫基,或者代表各自任选被氟、氯、溴、硝基、氰基、C1-C3烷氧基、C1-C3卤代烷氧基、C1-C3烷硫基、C1-C3卤代烷硫基、C1-C3烷基或C1-C3卤代烷基单取代或二取代的苯基、苯氧基或苯硫基,
R6和R7彼此独立地特别优选代表氢,代表各自任选被氟或氯单取代至三取代的C1-C6烷基、C3-C6环烷基、C1-C6烷氧基、C3-C6烯基或C1-C6烷氧基-C2-C6烷基,代表各自任选被氟、氯、溴、C1-C5卤代烷基、C1-C5烷基或C1-C5烷氧基单取代至三取代的苯基或苄基,或者共同代表一个任选被C1-C4烷基取代的C3-C6亚烷基,所述C3-C6亚烷基中任选一个亚甲基被氧或硫代替。
在作为特别优选提及的基团定义中,卤素代表氟、氯和溴,特别代表氟和氯。
W极特别优选代表氢、氯、溴、甲基、乙基、乙烯基、乙炔基、丙炔基、甲氧基、乙氧基或三氟甲基,
X极特别优选代表氯、溴、甲基、乙基、丙基、异丙基、乙烯基、乙炔基、丙炔基、甲氧基、乙氧基、三氟甲基、二氟甲氧基、三氟甲氧基或氰基,
Y和Z彼此独立地极特别优选代表氢、氟、氯、溴、甲基、乙基、乙烯基、乙炔基、丙炔基、甲氧基、三氟甲基、三氟甲氧基、氰基或一个苯基基团
其中在苯基的情况下基团Y或Z中只有一个可代表苯基,
V1极特别优选代表氢、氟、氯、溴、甲基、乙基、正丙基、异丙基、叔丁基、甲氧基、乙氧基、正丙氧基、异丙氧基、三氟甲基或三氟甲氧基,
V2极特别优选代表氢、氟、氯、甲基、乙基、正丙基、异丙基、甲氧基、乙氧基或三氟甲基,
条件是如果X和Y代表甲基,则基团W或Z中的至少一个不是氢,
A和B以及它们所连接的碳原子极特别优选代表可任选被另外一个氧原子间断并且任选被甲基、乙基、丙基、三氟甲基、一氯甲基、甲氧基、乙氧基、甲氧基甲基或乙氧基甲基单取代或二取代的五元、六元或七元的酮缩醇,
D极特别优选代表代表NH(1)或氧(2),
Q1和Q2极特别优选代表氢,
G极特别优选代表氢(a)或代表以下基团之一
其中
E代表一个金属离子或一个铵离子,
L代表氧或硫并且
M代表氧或硫,
R1极特别优选代表各自任选被氟或氯单取代至三取代的C1-C10烷基、C2-C10烯基、C1-C4烷氧基-C1-C2烷基、C1-C4烷硫基-C1-C2烷基,或者代表任选被氟、氯、甲基、乙基或甲氧基单取代的C3-C6环烷基,代表任选被氟、氯、溴、氰基、硝基、甲基、乙基、正丙基、异丙基、甲氧基、乙氧基、三氟甲基或三氟甲氧基单取代或二取代的苯基,
代表各自任选被氯、溴或甲基单取代的呋喃基、噻吩基或吡啶基,
R2极特别优选代表各自任选被氟或氯单取代至三取代的C1-C10烷基、C2-C10烯基或C1-C4烷氧基-C2-C4烷基,
代表环戊基或环己基,
或者代表各自任选被氟、氯、氰基、硝基、甲基、乙基、甲氧基、三氟甲基或三氟甲氧基单取代或二取代的苯基或苄基,
R3极特别优选代表各自任选被氟或氯单取代至三取代的甲基、乙基、丙基或异丙基,或者代表任选被氟、氯、溴、甲基、乙基、异丙基、叔丁基、甲氧基、乙氧基、异丙氧基、三氟甲基、三氟甲氧基、氰基或硝基单取代的苯基,
R4和R5彼此独立地极特别优选代表C1-C4烷氧基或C1-C4烷硫基,或者代表各自任选被氟、氯、溴、硝基、氰基、甲基、甲氧基、三氟甲基或三氟甲氧基单取代的苯基、苯氧基或苯硫基,
R6和R7彼此独立地极特别优选代表氢,代表C1-C4烷基、C3-C6环烷基、C1-C4烷氧基、C3-C4烯基或C1-C4烷氧基-C2-C4烷基,代表任选被氟、氯、溴、甲基、甲氧基或三氟甲基单取代或二取代的苯基,或者共同代表其中任选一个亚甲基被氧或硫代替的C5-C6亚烷基。
W尤其优选代表氢、氯、溴、甲基、乙基或甲氧基,
X尤其优选代表氯、溴、甲基、乙基或甲氧基,
Y和Z彼此独立地尤其优选代表氢、氯、溴、甲基或代表基团
此时基团Y或Z中只有一个可代表
条件是如果X和Y代表甲基,则基团W或Z中的至少一个不是氢,A和B以及它们所连接的碳原子尤其优选代表任选被甲基、乙基、丙基、一氯甲基或甲氧基甲基单取代或二取代的五元或六元酮缩醇,
D尤其优选代表NH(1)或氧(2),
Q1和Q2尤其优选代表氢,
G尤其优选代表氢(a)或代表以下基团之一
R1尤其优选代表C1-C10烷基、C1-C4烷氧基-C1-C2烷基、C3-C6环烷基,代表任选被氯单取代的苯基,或者代表噻吩基,
R2尤其优选代表C1-C10烷基、C2-C10烯基或苄基,
R3尤其优选代表甲基,
R6和R7共同尤其优选代表其中任选-个亚甲基被氧或硫代替的C5-C6亚烷基。
以上给出的宽泛的或优选的基团定义或说明可按需要彼此结合,即包括各自的范围和优选范围的结合。它们适用于最终产物,也相应地适用于前体和中间产物。
本发明优选包含上述优选(优选的)含义的组合的式(I)化合物。
本发明特别优选包含上述特别优选含义的组合的式(I)化合物。
本发明极特别优选包含上述极特别优选含义的组合的式(I)化合物。
本发明尤其优选包含上述尤其优选含义的组合的式(I)化合物。
强调其中G代表氢的式(I)化合物。
对于式(I-1)化合物,所强调的是苯环被取代3次,得到如下取代形式:2,4,6-、2,4,5-或2,5,6-取代。此外,对于式(I-1)化合物,所强调的是苯环被取代4次,得到如下取代形式:2,4,5,6-取代。对于式(I-1)化合物,所强调的还有苯环被取代2次(2,5-位)。对于式(I-1)化合物,所强调的还有苯环被单取代(邻位)。其它取代基W、X、Y、Z、G、A、B、Q1和Q2如本文中所定义。
此外,对于其中苯环在2,4位被取代的式(I-1)化合物,强调的是取代基G代表基团(b)以及基团(c)或(d)或(e)或(f)或(g)。在这种情况下,G尤其代表基团(a)、(b)或(c)。其它取代基W、X、Y、Z、A、B、Q1和Q2如本文中所定义。此外,对于其中苯环在2,4位被取代的式(I-1)化合物,所强调的是取代基A和B在螺环的3’-位。此外,对于其中苯环在2,4位被取代的式(I-1)化合物,所强调的是取代基A和B在螺环的4’-位。
只要可能,饱和的或不饱和的烃基如烷基、烷二基或烯基——包括与杂原子结合如烷氧基——各自可为直链的或带有支链的,。
除非另有说明,任选被取代的基团可被单取代或多取代,对于多取代的情况,取代基可相同或不同。
除在制备实施例中提到的化合物外,还可特别提及以下式(I-1-a)化合物:
表1
A-B X W Y Z
-O-(CH2)2-O- CH3 H H H
-O-(CH2)2-O- Br H H H
-O-(CH2)2-O- Cl H H H
-O-(CH2)2-O- CF3 H H H
-O-(CH2)2-O- OCH3 H H H
-O-(CH2)2-O- Br H Cl H
-O-(CH2)2-O- Cl H Br H
-O-(CH2)2-O- Cl H Cl H
-O-(CH2)2-O- Cl H CH3 H
-O-(CH2)2-O- CH3 H Cl H
-O-(CH2)2-O- Cl Cl H H
-O-(CH2)2-O- Cl OCH3 H H
-O-(CH2)2-O- Cl CH3 H H
-O-(CH2)2-O- Cl OC2H5 H H
-O-(CH2)2-O- OCH3 OCH3 H H
-O-(CH2)2-O- CH3 CH3 H H
-O-(CH2)2-O- C2H5 CH3 H H
-O-(CH2)2-O- C2H5 C2H5 H H
-O-(CH2)2-O- Br CH3 Br H
-O-(CH2)2-O- Cl CH3 Cl H
-O-(CH2)2-O- CH3 Br CH3 H
-O-(CH2)2-O- CH3 Cl CH3 H
-O-(CH2)2-O- OCH3 CH3 CH3 H
-O-(CH2)2-O- OC2H5 CH3 CH3 H
-O-(CH2)2-O- OC3H7 CH3 CH3 H
A-B X W Y Z
-O-(CH2)2-O- CH3 CH3 CH3 H
-O-(CH2)2-O- Br Br CH3 H
-O-(CH2)2-O- Cl Cl CH3 H
-O-(CH2)2-O- CH3 CH3 Br H
-O-(CH2)2-O- OCH3 C2H5 CH3 H
-O-(CH2)2-O- OC2H5 C2H5 CH3 H
-O-(CH2)2-O- CH3 CH3O CH3 H
-O-(CH2)2-O- Br Cl CH3 H
-O-(CH2)2-O- Br CH3 Cl H
-O-(CH2)2-O- Cl CH3 Br H
-O-(CH2)2-O- CH3 CH3 Cl H
-O-(CH2)2-O- C2H5 CH3 CH3 H
-O-(CH2)2-O- C2H5 C2H5 CH3 H
-O-(CH2)2-O- C2H5 CH3 C2H5 H
-O-(CH2)2-O- C2H5 C2H5 C2H5 H
-O-(CH2)2-O- C2H5 CH3 Cl H
-O-(CH2)2-O- C2H5 C2H5 Cl H
-O-(CH2)2-O- C2H5 CH3 Br H
-O-(CH2)2-O- C2H5 C2H5 Br H
-O-(CH2)2-O- C2H5 Cl CH3 H
-O-(CH2)2-O- C2H5 Br CH3 H
-O-(CH2)2-O- C2H5 Cl Cl H
-O-(CH2)2-O- C2H5 Br Br H
-O-(CH2)2-O- C2H5 Cl Br H
-O-(CH2)2-O- C2H5 Br Cl H
-O-(CH2)2-O- OCH3 CH3 Cl H
-O-(CH2)2-O- OCH3 C2H5 Cl H
-O-(CH2)2-O- OC2H5 CH3 Cl H
-O-(CH2)2-O- OC2H5 C2H5 Cl H
-O-(CH2)2-O- Cl OCH3 CH3 H
-O-(CH2)2-O- Cl OC2H5 CH3 H
-O-(CH2)2-O- CH3 CH3 Cl H
-O-(CH2)2-O- Cl H Cl Cl
-O-(CH2)2-O- CH3 H CH3 CH3
-O-(CH2)2-O- CH3 H Cl CH3
A-B X W Y Z
-O-(CH2)2-O- Br H Cl CH3
-O-(CH2)2-O- Br H CH3 CH3
-O-(CH2)2-O- Cl H Br CH3
-O-(CH2)2-O- Cl H Cl CH3
-O-(CH2)2-O- CH3 H Br CH3
-O-(CH2)2-O- Cl H CH3 Cl
-O-(CH2)2-O- CH3 H H CH3
-O-(CH2)2-O- Cl H H CH3
-O-(CH2)2-O- Br H H CH3
-O-(CH2)2-O- CH3 H H Cl
-O-(CH2)2-O- CH3 H H Br
-O-(CH2)2-O- CH3 CH3 CH3 CH3
-O-(CH2)2-O- CH3 CH3 CH3 F
-O-(CH2)2-O- CH3 CH3 CH3 Cl
-O-(CH2)2-O- CH3 CH3 CH3 Br
-O-(CH2)2-O- CH3 CH3 H Cl
-O-(CH2)2-O- CH3 CH3 H Br
-O-(CH2)2-O- Cl Cl H Br
-O-(CH2)2-O- CH3 CH3 4-Cl-C6H4 H
-O-(CH2)2-O- C2H5 CH3 4-Cl-C6H4 H
-O-(CH2)2-O- C2H5 C2H5 4-Cl-C6H4 H
-O-(CH2)2-O- Cl CH3 4-Cl-C6H4 H
-O-(CH2)2-O- Cl C2H5 4-Cl-C6H4 H
-O-(CH2)2-O- CH3 H H 4-Cl-C6H4
-O-(CH2)2-O- CH3 CH3 H 4-Cl-C6H4
-O-(CH2)2-O- CH3 H CH3 4-Cl-C6H4
-O-(CH2)2-O- CH3 CH3 CH3 4-Cl-C6H4
-O-(CH2)2-O- Cl H H 4-Cl-C6H4
-O-(CH2)2-O- I H H H
-O-(CH2)2-O- I H CH3 H
-O-(CH2)2-O- I CH3 H H
-O-(CH2)2-O- I C2H5 H H
-O-(CH2)2-O- CH3 H H I
-O-(CH2)2-O- CH3 H CH3 I
-O-(CH2)2-O- I CH3 CH3 H
A-B X W Y Z
-O-(CH2)2-O- I C2H5 CH3 H
-O-(CH2)2-O- I CH3 Cl H
-O-(CH2)2-O- I C2H5 Cl H
-O-(CH2)2-O- I Cl CH3 H
-O-(CH2)2-O- I H CH3 CH3
-O-(CH2)2-O- CH3 H I H
-O-(CH2)2-O- C2H5 H I H
-O-(CH2)2-O- CH3 CH3 I H
-O-(CH2)2-O- C2H5 CH3 I H
-O-(CH2)2-O- C2H5 C2H5 I H
-O-(CH2)2-O- Cl CH3 I H
-O-(CH2)2-O- Cl C2H5 I H
-O-(CH2)2-O- CH3 H I CH3
-O-(CH2)2-O- CH3 CH3 H I
-O-(CH2)2-O- I H H CH3
-O-(CH2)2-O- C2H5 H H H
表2:W、X、Y和Z如表1中所述
A-B=4’-O-CH2-CHCH3-O-
表3:W、X、Y和Z如表1中所述
A-B=4’-O-CHCH3-CHCH3-O-
表4:W、X、Y和Z如表1中所述
A-B=4’-O-(CH2)3-O-
表5:W、X、Y和Z如表1中所述
A-B=4’-O-CHCH3-(CH2)2-O-
表6:W、X、Y和Z如表1中所述
A-B=4’-O-CHCH3-CH2-CHCH3-O-
表7:W、X、Y和Z如表1中所述
A-B=-4’O-CH2-C(CH3)2-CH2-O-
表8:W、X、Y和Z如表1中所述
表9:W、X、Y和Z如表1中所述
A-B=3’-O-(CH2)2-O-
表10:W、X、Y和Z如表1中所述
A-B=3’-O-CH2-CHCH3-O-
表11:W、X、Y和Z如表1中所述
A-B=3’-O-CHCH3-CHCH3-O-
表12:W、X、Y和Z如表1中所述
A-B=3’-O-(CH2)3-O-
表13:W、X、Y和Z如表1中所述
A-B=3’-O-CHCH3-(CH2)2-O-
表14:W、X、Y和Z如表1中所述
A-B=3’-O-CHCH3-CH2-CHCH3-O-
表15:W、X、Y和Z如表1中所述
A-B=3’-O-CH2-C(CH3)2-CH2-O-
表16:W、X、Y和Z如表1中所述
除在制备实施例中提到的化合物外,还可特别提及以下式(I-2-a)化合物:
表17:
A-B X W Y Z
-O-(CH2)2-O- CH3 H H H
-O-(CH2)2-O- Br H H H
-O-(CH2)2-O- Cl H H H
-O-(CH2)2-O- CF3 H H H
-O-(CH2)2-O- OCH3 H H H
-O-(CH2)2-O- Br H Cl H
-O-(CH2)2-O- Cl H Br H
-O-(CH2)2-O- Cl H Cl H
-O-(CH2)2-O- Cl H CH3 H
-O-(CH2)2-O- CH3 H Cl H
-O-(CH2)2-O- Cl Cl H H
-O-(CH2)2-O- Cl OCH3 H H
-O-(CH2)2-O- Cl CH3 H H
-O-(CH2)2-O- Cl OC2H5 H H
-O-(CH2)2-O- OCH3 OCH3 H H
-O-(CH2)2-O- CH3 CH3 H H
-O-(CH2)2-O- C2H5 CH3 H H
-O-(CH2)2-O- C2H5 C2H5 H H
-O-(CH2)2-O- Br CH3 Br H
-O-(CH2)2-O- Cl CH3 Cl H
-O-(CH2)2-O- CH3 Br CH3 H
-O-(CH2)2-O- CH3 Cl CH3 H
-O-(CH2)2-O- OCH3 CH3 CH3 H
-O-(CH2)2-O- OC2H5 CH3 CH3 H
-O-(CH2)2-O- OC3H7 CH3 CH3 H
-O-(CH2)2-O- CH3 CH3 CH3 H
-O-(CH2)2-O- Br Br CH3 H
-O-(CH2)2-O- Cl Cl CH3 H
-O-(CH2)2-O- CH3 CH3 Br H
A-B X W Y Z
-O-(CH2)2-O- OCH3 C2H5 CH3 H
-O-(CH2)2-O- OC2H5 C2H5 CH3 H
-O-(CH2)2-O- CH3 CH3O CH3 H
-O-(CH2)2-O- Br Cl CH3 H
-O-(CH2)2-O- Br CH3 Cl H
-O-(CH2)2-O- Cl CH3 Br H
-O-(CH2)2-O- CH3 CH3 Cl H
-O-(CH2)2-O- C2H5 CH3 CH3 H
-O-(CH2)2-O- C2H5 C2H5 CH3 H
-O-(CH2)2-O- C2H5 CH3 C2H5 H
-O-(CH2)2-O- C2H5 C2H5 C2H5 H
-O-(CH2)2-O- C2H5 CH3 Cl H
-O-(CH2)2-O- C2H5 C2H5 Cl H
-O-(CH2)2-O- C2H5 CH3 Br H
-O-(CH2)2-O- C2H5 C2H5 Br H
-O-(CH2)2-O- C2H5 Cl CH3 H
-O-(CH2)2-O- C2H5 Br CH3 H
-O-(CH2)2-O- C2H5 Cl Cl H
-O-(CH2)2-O- C2H5 Br Br H
-O-(CH2)2-O- C2H5 Cl Br H
-O-(CH2)2-O- C2H5 Br Cl H
-O-(CH2)2-O- OCH3 CH3 Cl H
-O-(CH2)2-O- OCH3 C2H5 Cl H
-O-(CH2)2-O- OC2H5 CH3 Cl H
-O-(CH2)2-O- OC2H5 C2H5 Cl H
-O-(CH2)2-O- Cl OCH3 CH3 H
-O-(CH2)2-O- Cl OC2H5 CH3 H
-O-(CH2)2-O- CH3 CH3 Cl H
-O-(CH2)2-O- Cl H Cl Cl
-O-(CH2)2-O- CH3 H CH3 CH3
-O-(CH2)2-O- CH3 H Cl CH3
-O-(CH2)2-O- Br H Cl CH3
-O-(CH2)2-O- Br H CH3 CH3
-O-(CH2)2-O- Cl H Br CH3
A-B X W Y Z
-O-(CH2)2-O- Cl H Cl CH3
-O-(CH2)2-O- CH3 H Br CH3
-O-(CH2)2-O- Cl H CH3 Cl
-O-(CH2)2-O- CH3 H H CH3
-O-(CH2)2-O- Cl H H CH3
-O-(CH2)2-O- Br H H CH3
-O-(CH2)2-O- CH3 H H Cl
-O-(CH2)2-O- CH3 H H Br
-O-(CH2)2-O- CH3 CH3 CH3 CH3
-O-(CH2)2-O- CH3 CH3 CH3 F
-O-(CH2)2-O- CH3 CH3 CH3 Cl
-O-(CH2)2-O- CH3 CH3 CH3 Br
-O-(CH2)2-O- CH3 CH3 H Cl
-O-(CH2)2-O- CH3 CH3 H Br
-O-(CH2)2-O- Cl Cl H Br
-O-(CH2)2-O- CH3 CH3 4-Cl-C6H4 H
-O-(CH2)2-O- C2H5 CH3 4-Cl-C6H4 H
-O-(CH2)2-O- C2H5 C2H5 4-Cl-C6H4 H
-O-(CH2)2-O- Cl CH3 4-Cl-C6H4 H
-O-(CH2)2-O- Cl C2H5 4-Cl-C6H4 H
-O-(CH2)2-O- CH3 H H 4-Cl-C6H4
-O-(CH2)2-O- CH3 CH3 H 4-Cl-C6H4
-O-(CH2)2-O- CH3 H CH3 4-Cl-C6H4
-O-(CH2)2-O- CH3 CH3 CH3 4-Cl-C6H4
-O-(CH2)2-O- Cl H H 4-Cl-C6H4
-O-(CH2)2-O- I H H H
-O-(CH2)2-O- I H CH3 H
-O-(CH2)2-O- I CH3 H H
-O-(CH2)2-O- I C2H5 H H
-O-(CH2)2-O- CH3 H H I
-O-(CH2)2-O- CH3 H CH3 I
-O-(CH2)2-O- I CH3 CH3 H
-O-(CH2)2-O- I C2H5 CH3 H
-O-(CH2)2-O- I CH3 Cl H
A-B X W Y Z
-O-(CH2)2-O- I C2H5 Cl H
-O-(CH2)2-O- I Cl CH3 H
-O-(CH2)2-O- I H CH3 CH3
-O-(CH2)2-O- CH3 H I H
-O-(CH2)2-O- C2H5 H I H
-O-(CH2)2-O- CH3 CH3 I H
-O-(CH2)2-O- C2H5 CH3 I H
-O-(CH2)2-O- C2H5 C2H5 I H
-O-(CH2)2-O- Cl CH3 I H
-O-(CH2)2-O- Cl C2H5 I H
-O-(CH2)2-O- CH3 H I CH3
-O-(CH2)2-O- CH3 CH3 H I
-O-(CH2)2-O- I H H CH3
表18:W、X、Y和Z如表17中所述
A-B=4’-O-CH2-CHCH3-O-
表19:W、X、Y和Z如表17中所述
A-B=4’-O-CHCH3-CHCH3-O-
表20:W、X、Y和Z如表17中所述
A-B=4’-O-(CH2)3-O-
表21:W、X、Y和Z如表17中所述
A-B=4’-O-CHCH3-(CH2)2-O-
表22:W、X、Y和Z如表17中所述
A-B=4’-O-CHCH3-CH2-CHCH3-O-
表23:W、X、Y和Z如表17中所述
A-B=4’-O-CH2-C(CH3)2-CH2-O-
表24:W、X、Y和Z如表17中所述
表25:W、X、Y和Z如表17中所述
A-B=3’-O-(CH2)2-O-
表26:W、X、Y和Z如表17中所述
A-B=3’-O-CH2-CHCH3-O-
表27:W、X、Y和Z如表17中所述
A-B=3’-O-CHCH3-CHCH3-O-
表28:W、X、Y和Z如表17中所述
A-B=3’-O-(CH2)3-O-
表29:W、X、Y和Z如表17中所述
A-B=3’-O-CHCH3-(CH2)2-O-
表30:W、X、Y和Z如表17中所述
A-B=3’-O-CHCH3-CH2-CHCH3-O-
表31:W、X、Y和Z如表17中所述
A-B=3’-O-CH2-C(CH3)2-CH2-O-
表32:W、X、Y和Z如表17中所述
以上列出的与式(Ⅱa)、(Ⅱb)、(Ⅱc)、(Ⅱd)和(Ⅱe)的提高作物植物相容性化合物(“除草剂安全剂”)相关的基团的优选定义如下。
m优选代表数字0、1、2、3或4。
A1优选代表以下所示二价杂环基团之一
n优选代表数字0、1、2、3或4。
A2优选代表各自任选被甲基、乙基、甲氧羰基或乙氧羰基或烯丙氧基羰基取代的亚甲基或亚乙基。
R14优选代表羟基、巯基、氨基、甲氧基、乙氧基、正丙氧基或异丙氧基、正丁氧基、异丁氧基、仲丁氧基或叔丁氧基、甲硫基、乙硫基、正丙硫基或异丙硫基、正丁硫基、异丁硫基、仲丁硫基或叔丁硫基、甲基氨基、乙基氨基、正丙基氨基或异丙基氨基、正丁基氨基、异丁基氨基、仲丁基氨基或叔丁基氨基、二甲基氨基或二乙基氨基。
R15优选代表羟基、巯基、氨基、甲氧基、乙氧基、正丙氧基或异丙氧基、正丁氧基、异丁氧基、仲丁氧基或叔丁氧基、1-甲基己氧基、烯丙氧基、1-烯丙氧基甲基乙氧基、甲硫基、乙硫基、正丙硫基或异丙硫基、正丁硫基、异丁硫基、仲丁硫基或叔丁硫基、甲基氨基、乙基氨基、正丙基氨基或异丙基氨基、正丁基氨基、异丁基氨基、仲丁基氨基或叔丁基氨基、二甲基氨基或二乙基氨基。
R16优选代表各自任选被氟、氯和/或溴取代的甲基、乙基、正丙基或异丙基。
R17优选代表氢,各自任选被氟和/或氯取代的甲基、乙基、正丙基或异丙基、正丁基、异丁基、仲丁基或叔丁基、丙烯基、丁烯基、丙炔基或丁炔基、甲氧基甲基、乙氧基甲基、甲氧基乙基、乙氧基乙基、二氧戊环基甲基、呋喃基、呋喃基甲基、噻吩基、噻唑基、哌啶基,或者任选被氟、氯、甲基、乙基、正丙基或异丙基、正丁基、异丁基、仲丁基或叔丁基取代的苯基。
R18优选代表氢,各自任选被氟和/或氯取代的甲基、乙基、正丙基或异丙基、正丁基、异丁基、仲丁基或叔丁基、丙烯基、丁烯基、丙炔基或丁炔基、甲氧基甲基、乙氧基甲基、甲氧基乙基、乙氧基乙基、二氧戊环基甲基、呋喃基、呋喃基甲基、噻吩基、噻唑基、哌啶基,或者任选被氟、氯、甲基、乙基、正丙基或异丙基、正丁基、异丁基、仲丁基或叔丁基取代的苯基,或者与R17一起代表任选被甲基、乙基、呋喃基、苯基、一个稠合苯环取代或被两个取代基取代的基团-CH2-O-CH2-CH2-和-CH2-CH2-O-CH2-CH2-之一,所述两个取代基与和它们所连接的C原子一起形成5或6元碳环。
R19优选代表氢、氰基、氟、氯、溴,或者代表各自任选被氟、氯和/或溴取代的甲基、乙基、正丙基或异丙基、环丙基、环丁基、环戊基、环己基或苯基。
R20优选代表氢,任选被羟基、氰基、氟、氯、甲氧基、乙氧基、正丙氧基或异丙氧基取代的甲基、乙基、正丙基或异丙基、正丁基、异丁基、仲丁基或叔丁基。
R21优选代表氢、氰基、氟、氯、溴,或者代表各自任选被氟、氯和/或溴取代的甲基、乙基、正丙基或异丙基、正丁基、异丁基、仲丁基或叔丁基、环丙基、环丁基、环戊基、环己基或苯基。
X1优选代表硝基、氰基、氟、氯、溴、甲基、乙基、正丙基或异丙基、正丁基、异丁基、仲丁基或叔丁基、二氟甲基、二氯甲基、三氟甲基、三氯甲基、一氯二氟甲基、一氟二氯甲基、甲氧基、乙氧基、正丙氧基或异丙氧基、二氟甲氧基或三氟甲氧基。
X2优选代表氢、硝基、氰基、氟、氯、溴、甲基、乙基、正丙基或异丙基、正丁基、异丁基、仲丁基或叔丁基、二氟甲基、二氯甲基、三氟甲基、三氯甲基、一氯二氟甲基、一氟二氯甲基、甲氧基、乙氧基、正丙氧基或异丙氧基、二氟甲氧基或三氟甲氧基。
X3优选代表氢、硝基、氰基、氟、氯、溴、甲基、乙基、正丙基或异丙基、正丁基、异丁基、仲丁基或叔丁基、二氟甲基、二氯甲基、三氟甲基、三氯甲基、一氯二氟甲基、一氟二氯甲基、甲氧基、乙氧基、正丙氧基或异丙氧基、二氟甲氧基或三氟甲氧基。
t优选代表数字0、1、2、3或4。
v优选代表数字0、1、2或3。
R22优选代表氢、甲基、乙基、正丙基或异丙基。
R23优选代表氢、甲基、乙基、正丙基或异丙基。
R24优选代表氢,各自任选被氰基、氟、氯、甲氧基、乙氧基、正丙氧基或异丙氧基取代的甲基、乙基、正丙基或异丙基、正丁基、异丁基、仲丁基或叔丁基、甲氧基、乙氧基、正丙氧基或异丙氧基、正丁氧基、异丁氧基、仲丁氧基或叔丁氧基、甲硫基、乙硫基、正丙硫基或异丙硫基、正丁硫基、异丁硫基、仲丁硫基或叔丁硫基、甲基氨基、乙基氨基、正丙基氨基或异丙基氨基、正丁基氨基、异丁基氨基、仲丁基氨基或叔丁基氨基、二甲基氨基或二乙基氨基,或者各自任选被氰基、氟、氯、溴、甲基、乙基、正丙基或异丙基取代的环丙基、环丁基、环戊基、环己基、环丙基氧基、环丁基氧基、环戊基氧基、环己基氧基、环丙基硫基、环丁基硫基、环戊基硫基、环己基硫基、环丙基氨基、环丁基氨基、环戊基氨基或环己基氨基。
R25优选代表氢,各自任选被氰基、羟基、氟、氯、甲氧基、乙氧基、正丙氧基或异丙氧基取代的甲基、乙基、正丙基或异丙基、正丁基、异丁基或仲丁基,各自任选被氰基、氟、氯或溴取代的丙烯基、丁烯基、丙炔基或丁炔基,或者各自任选被氰基、氟、氯、溴、甲基、乙基、正丙基或异丙基取代的环丙基、环丁基、环戊基或环己基。
R26优选代表氢,各自任选被氰基、羟基、氟、氯、甲氧基、乙氧基、正丙氧基或异丙氧基取代的甲基、乙基、正丙基或异丙基、正丁基、异丁基或仲丁基,各自任选被氰基、氟、氯或溴取代的丙烯基、丁烯基、丙炔基或丁炔基,各自任选被氰基、氟、氯、溴、甲基、乙基、正丙基或异丙基取代的环丙基、环丁基、环戊基或环己基,或者任选被硝基、氰基、氟、氯、溴、甲基、乙基、正丙基或异丙基、正丁基、异丁基、仲丁基或叔丁基、三氟甲基、甲氧基、乙氧基、正丙氧基或异丙氧基、二氟甲氧基或三氟甲氧基取代的苯基,或者与R25一起代表各自任选被甲基或乙基取代的丁-1,4-二基(1,3-亚丙基)、戊-1,5-二基、1-氧杂丁-1,4-二基或3-氧杂戊-1,5-二基。
X4优选代表硝基、氰基、羧基、氨基甲酰基、甲酰基、氨磺酰基、羟基、氨基、氟、氯、溴、甲基、乙基、正丙基或异丙基、正丁基、异丁基、仲丁基或叔丁基、三氟甲基、甲氧基、乙氧基、正丙氧基或异丙氧基、二氟甲氧基或三氟甲氧基。
X5优选代表硝基、氰基、羧基、氨基甲酰基、甲酰基、氨磺酰基、羟基、氨基、氟、氯、溴、甲基、乙基、正丙基或异丙基、正丁基、异丁基、仲丁基或叔丁基、三氟甲基、甲氧基、乙氧基、正丙氧基或异丙氧基、二氟甲氧基或三氟甲氧基。
极特别优选作为本发明的除草剂安全剂的式(Ⅱa)化合物的实例列于下表中。
表式(Ⅱa)化合物的实例
极特别优选作为本发明的除草剂安全剂的式(Ⅱb)化合物的实例列于下表中。
表式(Ⅱb)化合物的实例
实例序号 | (位置)X2 | (位置)X3 | A2 | R15 |
IIb-1 | (5)Cl | - | CH2 | OH |
IIb-2 | (5)Cl | - | CH2 | OCH3 |
IIb-3 | (5)Cl | - | CH2 | OC2H5 |
IIb-4 | (5)Cl | - | CH2 | OC3H7-n |
IIb-5 | (5)Cl | - | CH2 | OC3H7-i |
IIb-6 | (5)Cl | - | CH2 | OC4H9-n |
IIb-7 | (5)Cl | - | CH2 | OCH(CH3)C5H11-n |
IIb-8 | (5)Cl | (2)F | CH2 | OH |
IIb-9 | (5)Cl | (2)Cl | CH2 | OH |
极特别优选作为本发明的除草剂安全剂的式(Ⅱc)化合物的实例列于下表中。
表式(Ⅱc)化合物的实例
极特别优选作为本发明的除草剂安全剂的式(Ⅱd)化合物的实例列于下表中。
表式(Ⅱd)化合物的实例
极特别优选作为本发明的除草剂安全剂的式(Ⅱe)化合物的实例列于下表中。
表式(Ⅱe)化合物的实例
最优选作为改善作物植物相容性的化合物[组分(b’)]有:解草酯、解草唑、双苯噁唑酸、吡唑解草酯、解草噁唑、解草啶、苄草隆、香草隆、哌草丹及化合物Ⅱe-5和Ⅱe-11,特别强调解草酯和吡唑解草酯。
用作本发明的安全剂的通式(Ⅱa)化合物是已知化合物,并且/或者可通过本身已知的方法制备(参见WO-A-91/07874、WO-A-95/07897)。
用作本发明的安全剂的通式(Ⅱb)化合物是已知化合物,并且/或者可通过本身已知的方法制备(参见EP-A-191736)。
用作本发明的安全剂的通式(Ⅱc)化合物是已知化合物,并且/或者可通过本身已知的方法制备(参见DE-A-2218097、DE-A-2350547)。
用作本发明的安全剂的通式(Ⅱd)化合物是已知化合物,并且/或者可通过本身已知的方法制备(参见DE-A-19621522/US-A-6235680)。
用作本发明的安全剂的通式(Ⅱe)化合物是已知化合物,并且可通过本身已知的方法制备(参见WO-A-99/66795/US-A-6251827)。
均包括一种式(I)活性化合物和上述定义的安全剂之一的本发明的选择性除草结合物的实例列于下表中。
表本发明的结合物的实例
式(I)活性化合物 | 安全剂 |
I-1-a | 解草酯 |
I-1-a | 解草唑 |
I-1-a | 双苯噁唑酸 |
I-1-a | 吡唑解草酯 |
I-1-a | 解草噁唑 |
式(I)活性化合物 | 安全剂 |
I-1-a | 解草啶 |
式(I)活性化合物 | 安全剂 |
I-1-a | 苄草隆 |
I-1-a | 香草隆 |
I-1-a | 哌草丹 |
I-1-a | Ⅱe-11 |
I-1-a | Ⅱe-5 |
I-1-b | 解草酯 |
I-1-b | 解草唑 |
I-1-b | 双苯噁唑酸 |
I-1-b | 吡唑解草酯 |
I-1-b | 解草噁唑 |
I-1-b | 解草啶 |
I-1-b | 苄草隆 |
I-1-b | 香草隆 |
I-1-b | 哌草丹 |
I-1-b | Ⅱe-11 |
I-1-b | Ⅱe-5 |
I-1-c | 解草酯 |
I-1-c | 解草唑 |
I-1-c | 双苯噁唑酸 |
I-1-c | 吡唑解草酯 |
式(I)活性化合物 | 安全剂 |
I-1-c | 解草噁唑 |
I-1-c | 解草啶 |
I-1-c | 苄草隆 |
I-1-c | 香草隆 |
I-1-c | 哌草丹 |
I-1-c | Ⅱe-5 |
I-1-c | Ⅱe-11 |
I-1-d | 解草酯 |
I-1-d | 解草唑 |
I-1-d | 双苯噁唑酸 |
式(I)活性化合物 | 安全剂 |
I-1-d | 吡唑解草酯 |
I-1-d | 解草噁唑 |
I-1-d | 解草啶 |
I-1-d | 苄草隆 |
I-1-d | 香草隆 |
I-1-d | 哌草丹 |
I-1-d | Ⅱe-11 |
I-1-d | Ⅱe-5 |
I-1-e | 解草酯 |
I-1-e | 解草唑 |
I-1-e | 双苯噁唑酸 |
式(I)活性化合物 | 安全剂 |
I-1-e | 吡唑解草酯 |
I-1-e | 解草噁唑 |
I-1-e | 解草啶 |
I-1-e | 苄草隆 |
I-1-e | 香草隆 |
I-1-e | 哌草丹 |
I-1-e | Ⅱe-5 |
I-1-e | Ⅱe-11 |
I-1-f | 解草酯 |
I-1-f | 解草唑 |
I-1-f | 双苯噁唑酸 |
I-1-f | 吡唑解草酯 |
I-1-f | 解草噁唑 |
I-1-f | 解草啶 |
I-1-f | 苄草隆 |
I-1-f | 香草隆 |
I-1-f | 哌草丹 |
I-1-f | Ⅱe-5 |
I-1-f | Ⅱe-11 |
式(I)活性化合物 | 安全剂 |
I-1-g | 解草酯 |
I-1-g | 解草唑 |
式(I)活性化合物 | 安全剂 |
I-1-g | 双苯噁唑酸 |
I-1-g | 吡唑解草酯 |
I-1-g | 解草噁唑 |
I-1-g | 解草啶 |
I-1-g | 苄草隆 |
I-1-g | 香草隆 |
I-1-g | 哌草丹 |
I-1-g | Ⅱe-5 |
I-1-g | Ⅱe-11 |
I-2-a | 解草酯 |
I-2-a | 解草唑 |
I-2-a | 双苯噁唑酸 |
I-2-a | 吡唑解草酯 |
I-2-a | 解草噁唑 |
I-2-a | 解草啶 |
I-2-a | 苄草隆 |
I-2-a | 香草隆 |
I-2-a | 哌草丹 |
I-2-a | Ⅱe-5 |
I-2-a | Ⅱe-11 |
I-2-b | 解草酯 |
I-2-b | 解草唑 |
式(I)活性化合物 | 安全剂 |
I-2-b | 双苯噁唑酸 |
I-2-b | 吡唑解草酯 |
I-2-b | 解草噁唑 |
I-2-b | 解草啶 |
I-2-b | 苄草隆 |
I-2-b | 香草隆 |
式(I)活性化合物 | 安全剂 |
I-2-b | 哌草丹 |
I-2-b | Ⅱe-5 |
I-2-b | Ⅱe-11 |
I-2-c | 解草酯 |
I-2-c | 解草唑 |
I-2-c | 双苯噁唑酸 |
I-2-c | 吡唑解草酯 |
I-2-c | 解草噁唑 |
I-2-c | 解草啶 |
I-2-c | 苄草隆 |
I-2-c | 香草隆 |
I-2-c | 哌草丹 |
I-2-c | Ⅱe-5 |
I-2-c | Ⅱe-11 |
I-2-d | 解草酯 |
式(I)活性化合物 | 安全剂 |
I-2-d | 解草唑 |
I-2-d | 双苯噁唑酸 |
I-2-d | 吡唑解草酯 |
I-2-d | 解草噁唑 |
I-2-d | 解草啶 |
I-2-d | 苄草隆 |
I-2-d | 香草隆 |
I-2-d | 哌草丹 |
I-2-d | Ⅱe-5 |
I-2-d | Ⅱe-11 |
I-2-e | 解草酯 |
I-2-e | 解草唑 |
I-2-e | 双苯噁唑酸 |
I-2-e | 吡唑解草酯 |
I-2-e | 解草噁唑 |
式(I)活性化合物 | 安全剂 |
I-2-e | 解草啶 |
I-2-e | 苄草隆 |
I-2-e | 香草隆 |
I-2-e | 哌草丹 |
I-2-e | Ⅱe-5 |
I-2-e | Ⅱe-11 |
式(I)活性化合物 | 安全剂 |
I-2-f | 解草酯 |
I-2-f | 解草唑 |
I-2-f | 双苯噁唑酸 |
I-2-f | 吡唑解草酯 |
I-2-f | 解草噁唑 |
I-2-f | 解草啶 |
I-2-f | 苄草隆 |
I-2-f | 香草隆 |
I-2-f | 哌草丹 |
I-2-f | Ⅱe-5 |
I-2-f | Ⅱe-11 |
I-2-g | 解草酯 |
I-2-g | 解草唑 |
I-2-g | 双苯噁唑酸 |
I-2-g | 吡唑解草酯 |
I-2-g | 解草噁唑 |
I-2-g | 解草啶 |
I-2-g | 苄草隆 |
I-2-g | 香草隆 |
I-2-g | 哌草丹 |
I-2-g | Ⅱe-5 |
I-2-g | Ⅱe-11 |
现已令人惊奇地发现上文定义的通式(I)化合物与上述(b’)组的安全剂(解毒剂)的活性化合物结合物兼具非常好的有益植物相容性和较高的除草活性,可在多种作物中——特别是谷物(尤其是小麦),以及大豆、马铃薯、玉米和稻中——用于选择性防治杂草。
本发明中应当认为出人意料的是,众多已知的能对抗除草剂对作物破坏作用的已知安全剂或解毒剂中,特别是上述(b’)组的化合物适于——几乎完全地——消除取代的环状酮烯醇对作物植物的破坏作用,而同时未对除杂草活性产生任何严重的不利影响。
本发明可强调的是(b’)组的特别优选和最优选的结合组分具有特别有利的药效,特别是用于谷类植物如小麦、大麦和黑麦,例如以及玉米和稻等作物植物的温和处理的药效。
例如根据方法(A),使用N-[(4-氯-2,6-二甲基)苯基乙酰基]-1-氨基-4,4’-亚丙基二氧基环己羧酸乙酯作为原料,本发明方法的过程可表示为以下反应路线:
例如根据方法(B),使用O-[(2-氯-6-甲基)苯基乙酰基]-1-羟基-4,4’-亚乙基二氧基环己羧酸乙酯作为原料,本发明方法的过程可表示为以下反应路线:
例如根据方法(Cα),使用8,8’-亚乙基二氧基-3-[(4-氯-2,6-二甲基)苯基]-1-氮杂螺[4,5]癸-2,4-二酮和新戊酰氯作为原料,本发明方法的过程可表示为以下反应路线:
例如根据方法(C)(变型方案β),使用8,8’-亚丙基二氧基-3-[(2,4-二氯)苯基]-1-氧杂螺[4,5]-癸-2,4-二酮和乙酸酐作为原料,本发明方法的过程可表示为以下反应路线:
例如根据方法(D),使用8,8’-亚丙基二氧基-3-[(2,4-二氯-6-甲基)苯基]-1-氮杂螺[4,5]癸-2,4-二酮和氯代甲酸乙酯作为原料,本发明方法的过程可表示如下:
例如根据方法(E),使用8,8’-亚乙基二氧基-3-[(2,4,6-三甲基)苯基]-1-氧杂螺[4,5]癸-2,4-二酮和氯代一硫代甲酸甲酯作为原料,反应的过程可表示为以下反应路线:
例如根据方法(F),使用8,8’-亚丙基二氧基-3-[(2,4,6-三甲基)苯基]-1-氮杂螺[4,5]癸-2,4-二酮和甲磺酰氯作为原料,反应的过程可表示为以下反应路线:
例如根据方法(G),使用8,8’-亚丙基二氧基-3-[(2,4-二氯-6-甲基)苯基]-1-氧杂螺[4,5]癸-2,4-二酮和2,2,2-三氟乙基甲硫代膦酰氯作为原料,反应的过程可表示为以下反应路线:
例如根据方法(H),使用8,8’-亚乙基二氧基-3-[(2,3,4,6-四甲基)苯基]-1-氮杂螺[4,5]癸-2,4-二酮和NaOH作为组分,本发明方法的过程可表示为以下反应路线:
例如根据方法(I)(变型方案α),使用8,8’-亚乙基二氧基-3-[(2,4,5-三甲基)苯基]-1-氧杂螺[4,5]癸-2,4-二酮和异氰酸乙酯作为原料,反应的过程可表示为以下反应路线:
例如根据方法(I)(变型方案β),使用8,8’-亚乙基二氧基-3-[(2,4,6-三甲基)苯基]-1-氮杂螺[4,5]癸-2,4-二酮和二甲基氨基甲酰氯作为原料,反应的过程可表示为以下路线:
本发明方法(A)所需的作为原料的式(Ⅱ)化合物是新化合物,
其中
A、B、Q1、Q2、W、X、Y、Z和R8定义如上。
例如当式(XⅥ)的氨基酸衍生物被式(XⅦ)的取代的苯基乙酸衍生物酰化时(Chem.Reviews 52,237-416(1953);Bhattacharya,Indian J.Chem.6,341-5,1968),或者当式(XⅧ)的酰基氨基酸被酯化时(Chem.Ind.(London)1568(1968)),可获得式(Ⅱ)的酰基氨基酸酯,
其中
A、B、Q1和Q2和R8定义如上,
其中
W、X、Y和Z定义如上,并且
U代表由用于激活羧酸的试剂引入的离去基团,所述用于激活羧酸的试剂例如羰基二咪唑、碳二亚胺类(例如二环己基碳二亚胺)、磷酸化试剂(例如POCl3、BOP-Cl)、卤化试剂例如亚硫酰氯、草酰氯、光气或氯代甲酸酯,
其中
A、B、Q1、Q2、W、X、Y和Z定义如上。
式(XⅧ)化合物是新化合物,
其中
A、B、Q1、Q2、W、X、Y和Z定义如上。
例如当式(XIX)的1-氨基环己羧酸根据例如Schotten-Baumann(Organikum,VEB Deutscher Verla gderWissenschaften,Berlin 1977,第505页)被式(XⅦ)的取代的苯基乙酸衍生物酰化时,可获得式(XⅧ)化合物
其中
A、B、Q1和Q2定义如上,
其中
U、W、X、Y和Z定义如上。
一些式(XⅦ)化合物是已知的,并且/或者它们可通过本申请开篇处引用的公开出版物中所述的已知方法制备。
一些式(XⅥ)和(XIX)化合物是新化合物,并且它们可通过已知方法制备(参见例如Compagnon,Ann.Chim.(Paris)[14]5,第11-22页、23-27页(1970),L.Munday,J.Chem.Soc.4372(1961);J.T.Eward,C.Jitrangeri,Can.J.Chem.53,3339(1975))。
此外,上述方法(A)中使用的原料式(Ⅱ)化合物可通过式(XX)的1-氨基环己腈类与式(XⅦ)的取代的苯基乙酸衍生物反应生成式(XXI)化合物然后使其进行酸式醇解来制备
其中
A、B、Q1、Q2、W、X、Y、Z和R8定义如上,
其中
A、B、Q1和Q2定义如上,
其中
U、W、X、Y和Z定义如上,
其中
A、B、Q1、Q2、W、X、Y和Z定义如上。
式(XXI)化合物同样是新化合物。一些式(XX)化合物是新化合物,并且可按照例如EP-A-595 130中所述进行制备。
本发明方法(B)中所需的用作原料的式(Ⅲ)化合物是新化合物,
其中
A、B、Q1、Q2、W、X、Y、Z和R8定义如上。
其可通过理论上已知的方法以简单的方式制备。
例如当式(XXⅡ)的1-羟基环己羧酸酯被式(XⅦ)的取代的苯基乙酸衍生物酰化时,可获得式(Ⅲ)化合物(Chem.Reviews 52,237-416(1953))
其中
A、B、Q1、Q2和R8定义如上,
其中
U、W、X、Y和Z定义如上。
式(XXⅡ)的1-羟基-3-烷氧基环己基羧酸酯是新化合物。例如当取代的1-羟基-4,4’-亚烷基二氧基环己腈在酸的存在下与醇——例如根据Pinner——反应,并且所形成的1-羟基-4-氧代环己羧酸酯——在WO 99/16748(例XXI-1)中已知——与二醇再次酮缩醇化时,可获得式(XXⅡ)化合物。例如使4,4’-亚烷基二氧基环己-1-酮与氢氰酸反应可获得羟腈(参见WO 99/16748)。
实施本发明方法(C)、(D)、(E)、(F)、(G)、(H)、(I)和(J)还需要的原料式(IV)的酰基卤、式(V)的羧酸酐、式(Ⅵ)的氯代甲酸酯或氯代甲酸硫酯、式(Ⅶ)的氯代单硫代甲酸酯或氯代二硫代甲酸酯、式(Ⅷ)的磺酰氯、式(IX)的磷化合物和式(X)和(XI)的金属氢氧化物、金属醇盐或胺以及式(Ⅻ)的异氰酸酯以及式(XⅢ)的氨基甲酰氯以及式(XV)的二醇通常是有机化学或无机化学中已知的化合物。一些式(XIV)化合物在WO 99/16748中已知。
此外,式(XⅦ)化合物由本申请开篇处所引用的专利申请中获知,并且/或者它们可通过其中给出的方法制备。
方法(A)的特征在于其中A、B、Q1、Q2、W、X、Y、Z和R8定义如上的式(Ⅱ)化合物在稀释剂的存在下并且在碱的存在下进行分子内缩合。
适用于本发明的方法(A)中的稀释剂为所有对参与该反应的物质惰性的有机溶剂。优选使用烃类,例如甲苯和二甲苯,还有醚,例如二丁醚、四氢呋喃、二噁烷、乙二醇二甲醚和二甘醇二甲醚,以及极性溶剂,例如二甲基亚砜、环丁砜、二甲基甲酰胺和N-甲基吡咯烷酮,以及醇例如甲醇、乙醇、丙醇、异丙醇、丁醇、异丁醇和叔丁醇。
适用于实施本发明的方法(A)的碱(脱质子剂)为所有常规质子受体。优选使用碱金属和碱土金属的氧化物、氢氧化物和碳酸盐,例如氢氧化钠、氢氧化钾、氧化镁、氧化钙、碳酸钠、碳酸钾和碳酸钙,上述物质也可在相转移催化剂的存在下使用,所述相转移催化剂例如氯化三乙基苄基铵、溴化四丁基铵、Adogen 464(=氯化甲基三烷基(C8-C10)铵)或TDA 1(=三(甲氧基乙氧基乙基)胺)。还可以使用碱金属,例如钠或钾。也可使用碱金属或碱土金属的氨化物和氢化物,例如氨化钠、氢化钠和氢化钙,以及碱金属醇盐,例如甲醇钠、乙醇钠和叔丁醇钾。
当实施本发明的方法(A)时,反应温度可在相对较宽的范围内变化。该方法一般在-75℃至200℃之间、优选在-50℃至150℃之间的温度下实施。
本发明的方法(A)通常在大气压力下实施。
当实施本发明的方法(A)时,式(Ⅱ)的反应物成分和脱质子碱的用量通常在等摩尔量至约二倍摩尔量之间。然而也可使一种成分或另一种成分相对较多地过量(最高至3摩尔)。
方法(B)的特征在于其中A、B、Q1、Q2、W、X、Y、Z和R8定义如上的式(Ⅲ)化合物在稀释剂的存在下并且在碱的存在下进行分子内缩合。
适用于本发明的方法(B)中的稀释剂为所有对参与该反应的物质惰性的有机溶剂。优选使用烃类,例如甲苯和二甲苯,还有醚,例如二丁醚、四氢呋喃、二噁烷、乙二醇二甲醚和二甘醇二甲醚,以及极性溶剂,例如二甲基亚砜、环丁砜、二甲基甲酰胺和N-甲基吡咯烷酮。还可以使用醇例如甲醇、乙醇、丙醇、异丙醇、丁醇、异丁醇和叔丁醇。
适用于实施本发明的方法(B)的碱(脱质子剂)为所有常规质子受体。优选使用碱金属和碱土金属的氧化物、氢氧化物和碳酸盐,例如氢氧化钠、氢氧化钾、氧化镁、氧化钙、碳酸钠、碳酸钾和碳酸钙,上述物质也可在相转移催化剂的存在下使用,所述相转移催化剂例如氯化三乙基苄基铵、溴化四丁基铵、Adogen 464(=氯化甲基三烷基(C8-C10)铵)或TDA 1(=三(甲氧基乙氧基乙基)胺)。还可以使用碱金属,例如钠或钾。也可使用碱金属或碱土金属的氨化物和氢化物,例如氨化钠、氢化钠和氢化钙,以及碱金属醇盐,例如甲醇钠、乙醇钠和叔丁醇钾。
当实施本发明的方法(B)时,反应温度可在相对较宽的范围内变化。该方法一般在-75℃至200℃之间、优选在-50℃至150℃之间的温度下实施。
本发明的方法(B)通常在大气压力下实施。
当实施本发明的方法(B)时,式(Ⅱ)的反应物成分和脱质子的碱的用量通常在等摩尔量至约二倍摩尔量之间。然而也可使一种成分或另一种成分相对较大地过量(最高至3摩尔)。
方法(Cα)的特征在于式(I-1-a)至(I-2-a)的化合物各自与式(IV)的羰基卤化物反应,该反应如果合适在稀释剂的存在下进行并且如果合适在酸结合剂的存在下进行。
适用于本发明的方法(Cα)的稀释剂为所有对酰基卤惰性的溶剂。优选使用烃类,例如汽油、苯、甲苯、二甲苯和1,2,3,4-四氢化萘;以及卤代烃,例如二氯甲烷、三氯甲烷、四氯化碳、氯苯和邻二氯苯;以及酮,例如丙酮和甲基异丙基酮;以及醚,例如乙醚、四氢呋喃和二噁烷;还有羧酸酯,例如乙酸乙酯;以及强极性溶剂,例如二甲基甲酰胺、二甲基亚砜和环丁砜。如果酰基卤的水解稳定性允许,则该反应也可在水的存在下进行。
适用于本发明的方法(Cα)的反应的酸结合剂为所有常规的酸受体。优选使用叔胺,例如三乙胺、吡啶、二氮杂双环辛烷(DABCO)、二氮杂双环十一烯(DBU)、二氮杂双环壬烯(DBN)、Hünig碱和N,N-二甲基苯胺,以及碱土金属氧化物,例如氧化镁和氧化钙,以及碱金属和碱土金属的碳酸盐,例如碳酸钠、碳酸钾和碳酸钙,以及碱金属氢氧化物,例如氢氧化钠和氢氧化钾。
本发明的方法(Cα)的反应温度可在相对较宽的范围内变化。该方法一般在-20℃至+150℃之间、优选在0℃至100℃之间的温度下实施。
当实施本发明的方法(Cα)时,式(I-1-a)至(I-2-a)的原料和式(IV)的羰基卤化物通常各自以近似相当的量使用。然而,也可使用相对较大程度过量(最多至5摩尔)的羰基卤化物。使用常规方法进行后处理。
方法(Cβ)的特征在于式(I-1-a)至(I-2-a)的化合物各自与式(V)的羧酸酐反应,该反应如果合适在稀释剂的存在下进行并且如果合适在酸结合剂的存在下进行。
适用于本发明的方法(Cβ)的稀释剂优选为当使用酰基卤时同样优选的稀释剂。此外,也可使用过量的羧酸酐同时作为稀释剂。
方法(Cβ)中如果合适加入的适合的酸结合剂优选为当使用酰基卤时同样优选的酸结合剂。
本发明的方法(Cβ)的反应温度可在相对较宽的范围内变化。该方法一般在-20℃至+150℃之间、优选在0℃至100℃之间的温度下实施。
当实施本发明的方法(Cβ)时,式(I-1-a)至(I-2-a)的原料和式(V)的羧酸酐通常各自以近似相当的量使用。然而,也可使用相对较大程度过量(最多至5摩尔)的羧酸酐。使用常规方法进行后处理。
一般通过蒸馏或者通过用一种有机溶剂或用水洗涤除去稀释剂和过量的羧酸酐以及形成的羧酸。
方法(D)的特征在于式(I-1-a)至(I-2-a)的化合物各自与式(Ⅵ)的氯代甲酸酯或氯代甲酸硫酯反应,该反应如果合适在稀释剂的存在下进行并且如果合适在酸结合剂的存在下进行。
适用于本发明的方法(D)的酸结合剂为所有常规的酸受体。优选使用叔胺,例如三乙胺、吡啶、DABCO、DBU、DBN、Hünig碱和N,N-二甲基苯胺,以及碱土金属氧化物,例如氧化镁和氧化钙,以及碱金属和碱土金属的碳酸盐,例如碳酸钠、碳酸钾和碳酸钙,以及碱金属氢氧化物,例如氢氧化钠和氢氧化钾。
适用于本发明的方法(D)的稀释剂为所有对氯代甲酸酯或氯代甲酸硫酯惰性的溶剂。优选使用烃类,例如汽油、苯、甲苯、二甲苯和1,2,3,4-四氢化萘;以及卤代烃,例如二氯甲烷、三氯甲烷、四氯化碳、氯苯和邻二氯苯;以及酮,例如丙酮和甲基异丙基酮;以及醚,例如乙醚、四氢呋喃和二噁烷;还有羧酸酯,例如乙酸乙酯;以及腈,例如乙腈;以及强极性溶剂,例如二甲基甲酰胺、二甲基亚砜和环丁砜。
当实施本发明的方法(D)时,反应温度可在相对较宽的范围内变化。反应温度一般在-20℃至+100℃之间,优选在0℃至50℃之间。
本发明的方法(D)通常在大气压力下实施。
当实施本发明的方法(D)时,式(I-1-a)至(I-2-a)的原料和适合的式(VI)的氯代甲酸酯或氯代甲酸硫酯通常各自以近似相当的量使用。然而,也可使一种成分或另一种成分相对较大程度过量(最多至2摩尔)。使用常规方法进行后处理。一般将沉淀出的盐去除并将剩余的反应混合物通过在减压下去除稀释剂进行浓缩。
本发明的方法(E)的特征在于式(I-1-a)至(I-2-a)的化合物在稀释剂的存在下并且如果合适在酸结合剂的存在下,各自与式(VII)化合物反应。
在制备方法(E)中,在0至120℃之间、优选在20℃至60℃之间,每摩尔式(I-1-a)至(I-2-a)的原料使用约1摩尔的式(Ⅶ)氯代一硫代甲酸酯或氯代二硫代甲酸酯。
如果合适加入的适合的稀释剂为所有惰性极性有机溶剂,例如醚、酰胺、砜、亚砜以及卤代烷。
优选使用二甲基亚砜、四氢呋喃、二甲基甲酰胺、乙酸乙酯或二氯甲烷。
如果在一种优选的实施方案中,通过加入强脱质子剂例如氢化钠或叔丁醇钾来制备式(I-1-a)至(I-2-a)的烯醇式盐,则可免除另外加入酸结合剂。
适用于方法(E)的碱为所有常规的质子受体。优选使用碱金属氢化物、碱金属醇盐、碱金属或碱土金属的碳酸盐或碳酸氢盐或者氮碱。可作为实例提及的有氢化钠、甲醇钠、氢氧化钠、氢氧化钙、碳酸钾、碳酸氢钠、三乙胺、二苄基胺、二异丙基胺、吡啶、喹啉、二氮杂双环辛烷(DABCO)、二氮杂双环壬烯(DBN)和二氮杂双环十一烯(DBU)。
该反应可在大气压下或在提高的压力下进行,优选在大气压下进行。使用常规方法进行后处理。
本发明的方法(F)的特征在于式(I-1-a)至(I-2-a)的化合物各自与式(Ⅷ)的磺酰氯反应,该反应如果合适在稀释剂的存在下进行并且如果合适在酸结合剂的存在下进行。
在制备方法(F)中,在-20至150℃之间、优选在0℃至70℃之间,每摩尔式(I-1-a)至(I-2-a)的原料反应约1摩尔的式(Ⅷ)磺酰氯。
方法(F)优选在稀释剂存在下进行。
适合的稀释剂为所有惰性极性有机溶剂,例如醚、酰胺、酮、羧酸酯、腈、砜、亚砜或卤代烃如二氯甲烷。
优选使用二甲基亚砜、四氢呋喃、二甲基甲酰胺、乙酸乙酯、二氯甲烷。
在一种优选的实施方案中,如果通过加入强脱质子剂(例如氢化钠或叔丁醇钾)来制备式(I-1-a)至(I-2-a)的烯醇式盐,则可免除另外加入酸结合剂。
如果使用酸结合剂,则其可为常规的无机碱或有机碱,例如氢化钠、碳酸钠、碳酸钾、吡啶和三乙胺。
该反应可在大气压下或在提高的压力下进行,优选在大气压下进行。使用常规方法进行后处理。
本发明的方法(G)的特征在于式(I-1-a)至(I-2-a)的化合物各自与式(Ⅸ)的磷化合物反应,该反应如果合适在稀释剂的存在下进行并且如果合适在酸结合剂的存在下进行。
在制备方法(G)中,为获得式(I-1-e)至(I-2-e)化合物,在-40至150℃之间、优选在-10℃至110℃之间,每摩尔式(I-1-a)至(I-2-a)化合物使用1至2摩尔、优选1至1.3摩尔式(Ⅸ)的磷化合物。
方法(G)优选在稀释剂存在下进行。
适合的稀释剂为所有惰性极性有机溶剂,例如醚、羧酸酯、卤代烃、酮、酰胺、腈、砜、亚砜等。
优选使用乙腈、二甲基亚砜、四氢呋喃、二甲基甲酰胺、二氯甲烷。
如果合适加入的适合的酸结合剂可为常规的无机或有机碱,例如氢氧化物、碳酸盐或胺。可提及的实例为氢氧化钠、碳酸钠、碳酸钾、吡啶和三乙胺。
该反应可在大气压下或在提高的压力下进行,优选在大气压下进行。使用有机化学中的常规方法进行后处理。终产物优选通过结晶、色谱纯化或“减压蒸馏(incipient distillation)”——即在减压下去除挥发性组分——进行纯化。
本发明的方法(H)的特征在于式(I-1-a)至(I-2-a)的化合物各自与式(X)的金属氢氧化物或金属醇盐或者式(Ⅺ)的胺反应,该反应如果合适在稀释剂的存在下进行。
适用于本发明的方法(H)的稀释剂优选为醚例如四氢呋喃、二噁烷、乙醚,或者醇例如甲醇、乙醇、异丙醇,以及水。本发明的方法(H)一般在大气压下进行。反应温度一般在-20℃至100℃之间,优选在0℃至50℃之间。
本发明的方法(I)的特征在于式(I-1-a)至(I-2-a)的化合物各自(Iα)与式(Ⅻ)的化合物反应,该反应如果合适在稀释剂的存在下进行并且如果合适在催化剂的存在下进行;或者(Iβ)与式(XⅢ)的化合物反应,该反应如果合适在稀释剂的存在下进行并且如果合适在酸结合剂的存在下进行。
在制备方法(Iα)中,在0至100℃之间、优选在20至50℃之间,每摩尔式(I-1-a)至(I-2-a)的原料使用约1摩尔的式(Ⅻ)的异氰酸酯。
方法(Iα)优选在稀释剂存在下进行。
适合的稀释剂为所有惰性有机溶剂,例如芳香烃、卤代烃、醚、酰胺、腈、砜或亚砜。
如果合适,可加入催化剂以促进反应。极有利地适于使用的催化剂为有机锡化合物,例如二月桂酸二丁锡。
该反应优选在大气压下进行。
在制备方法(Iβ)中,在0至150℃之间、优选在20至70℃之间,每摩尔式(I-1-a)至(I-2-a)的原料使用约1摩尔的式(XⅢ)的氨基甲酰氯。
如果合适加入的适合的稀释剂为所有惰性极性有机溶剂,例如醚、羧酸酯、腈、酮、酰胺、砜、亚砜或卤代烃。
优选使用二甲基亚砜、四氢呋喃、二甲基甲酰胺或二氯甲烷。
在一种优选的实施方案中,如果通过加入强脱质子剂(例如氢化钠或叔丁醇钾)来制备式(I-1-a)至(I-2-a)的烯醇式盐,则可免除另外加入酸结合剂。
如果使用酸结合剂,则其可为常规的无机碱或有机碱,例如氢化钠、碳酸钠、碳酸钾、三乙胺或吡啶。
该反应可在大气压下或在提高的压力下进行,优选在大气压下进行。使用常规方法进行后处理。
在制备方法(J)中,在-50至250℃之间、优选在0℃至150℃之间,每摩尔式(I-1-a)至(I-1-g)或(I-2-a)至(I-2-g)化合物使用最多至50摩尔、优选1至10摩尔式(XVI)的二醇。
适合的稀释剂为所有惰性有机溶剂,例如芳香烃、卤代烃、醚、酯、酰胺、腈、砜或亚砜。
如果合适,可加入催化剂以促进反应。极有利地适于使用的催化剂为酸,例如对甲苯磺酸、浓硫酸,以及路易斯酸,例如醚合三氟化硼。
该反应优选在大气压下进行。
脱水条件可通过共沸去除水和通过加入适合的脱水剂例如原甲酸酯、二甲氧基丙烷以及分子筛来实现。
使用常规方法进行后处理。
所述活性化合物/活性化合物结合物由于兼具良好的植物耐受性和对温血动物有利的毒性以及良好的环境耐受性,适用于保护植物和植物器官、提高产率、改善采收物的质量以及防治有害动物,特别是农业、园艺、动物饲养、森林、公园和休闲设施、贮存产品和材料保护以及卫生领域中遇到的昆虫、蛛形纲动物、蠕虫、线虫和软体动物。其可优选用作植物保护剂。它们对通常敏感和抗性物种以及全部或某些发育阶段具有活性。上述害虫包括:
虱目(Anoplura)(Phthiraptera),例如畜虱属(Damalinia spp.)、血虱属(Haematopinus spp.)、毛虱属(Linognathus spp.)、虱属(Pediculus spp.)、嚼虱属(Trichodectes spp.)。
蛛形纲(Arachnida),例如,粗脚粉螨(Acarus siro)、柑橘瘤瘿螨(Aceria sheldoni)、刺皮瘿螨属(Aculops spp.)、针刺瘿螨属(Aculus spp.)、花蜱属(Amblyomma spp.)、锐缘蜱属(Argas spp.)、牛蜱属(Boophilus spp.)、短须螨属(Brevipalpus spp.)、苜蓿苔螨(Bryobia praetiosa)、皮螨属(Chorioptes spp.)、鸡皮刺螨(Dermanyssus gallinae)、始叶螨属(Eotetranychus spp.)、梨上瘿螨(Epitrimerus pyri)、真叶螨属(Eutetranychus spp.)、瘿螨属(Eriophyes spp.)、半跗线螨属(Hemitarsonemus spp.)、璃眼蜱属(Hyalomma spp.)、硬蜱属(Ixodes spp.)、黑寡妇蜘蛛(Latrodectus mactans)、Metatetranychus spp.、小爪螨属(Oligonychus spp.)、钝缘蜱属(Ornithodoros spp.)、全爪螨属(Panonychus spp.)、桔芸锈螨(Phyllocoptruta oleivora)、侧多食跗线螨(Polyphagotarsonemus latus)、痒螨属(Psoroptes spp.)、扇头蜱属(Rhipicephalus spp.)、根螨属(Rhizoglyphus spp.)、疥螨属(Sarcoptes spp.)、中东金蝎(Scorpio maurus)、Stenotarsonemus spp.、跗线螨属(Tarsonemus spp.)、叶螨属(Tetranychus spp.)、Vasates lycopersici。
双壳软体动物(Bivalva)纲,例如,Dreissena spp.。
唇足目(Chilopoda),例如,地蜈蚣属(Geophilus spp.)、Scutigeraspp.。
鞘翅目(Coleoptera),例如,菜豆象(Acanthoscelides obtectus)、喙丽金龟属(Adoretus spp.)、杨树萤叶甲(Agelastica alni)、叩甲属(Agriotes spp.)、马铃薯鳃角金龟(Amphimallon solstitialis)、家具窃蠹(Anobium punctatum)、星天牛属(Anoplophora spp.)、花象属(Anthonomus spp.)、圆皮蠹属(Anthrenus spp.)、阿鳃金龟属(Apogonia spp.)、Atomaria spp.、毛皮蠹属(Attagenus spp.)、恶条豆象(Bruchidius obtectus)、豆象属(BruGhus spp.)、龟象属(Ceuthorhynchus spp.)、Cleonus mendicus、宽胸叩头虫属(Conoderus spp.)、根颈象属(Cosmopolites spp.)、褐新西兰肋翅鳃角金龟(Costelytra zealandica)、象虫属(Curculio spp.)、杨干隐喙象(Cryptorhynchus lapathi)、皮蠹属(Dermestes spp.)、叶甲属(Diabrotica spp.)、食植瓢虫属(Epilachna spp.)、Faustinuscubae、裸蛛甲(Gibbium psylloides)、黑异爪蔗金龟(Heteronychusarator)、Hylamorpha elegans、北美家天牛(Hylotrupes bajulus)、紫苜蓿叶象(Hypera postica)、Hypothenemus spp.、甘蔗大褐齿爪鳃金龟(Lachnosterna consanguinea)、马铃薯甲虫(Leptinotarsadecemlineata)、稻根象(Lissorhoptrus oryzophilus)、筒喙象属(Lixus spp.)、粉蠹属(Lyctus spp.)、油菜花露尾甲(Meligethesaeneus)、西方五月鳃角金龟(Melolontha melolontha)、Migdolusspp.、墨天牛属(Monochamus spp.)、Naupactus xanthographus、黄蛛甲(Niptus hololeucus)、椰蛀犀金龟(Oryctes rhinoceros)、锯谷盗(Oryzaephilus surinamensis)、黑葡萄耳象(Otiorrhynchussulcatus)、小青花金龟(Oxycetonia jucunda)、辣根猿叶虫(Phaedoncochleariae)、食叶鳃金龟属(Phyllophaga spp.)、日本弧丽金龟(Popillia japonica)、Premnotrypes spp.、油菜金头跳甲(Psylliodes chrysocephala)、蛛甲属(Ptinus spp.)、暗色瓢虫(Rhizobius ventralis)、谷蠹(Rhizopertha dominica)、谷象属(Sitophilus spp.)、尖隐喙象属(Sphenophorus spp.)、茎干象属(Sternechus spp.)、Symphyletes spp.、黄粉虫(Tenebriomolitor)、拟谷盗属(Tribolium spp.)、斑皮蠹属(Trogoderma spp.)、籽象属(Tychius spp.)、脊虎天牛属(Xylotrechus spp.)、距步甲属(Zabrusspp.)。
弹尾目(Collembola),例如,武装棘跳虫(Onychiurus armatus)。
革翅目(Dermaptera),例如,欧洲球螋(Forficula auricularia)。
倍足目(Diplopoda),例如,Blaniulus guttulatus。
双翅目(Diptera),例如,伊蚊属(Aedes spp.)、按蚊属(Anophelesspp.)、花园毛蚊(Bibio hortulanus)、红头丽蝇(Calliphoraerythrocephala)、地中海蜡实蝇(Ceratitis capitata)、金蝇属(Chrysomyia spp.)、锥蝇属(Cochliomyia spp.)、Cordylobiaanthropophaga、库蚊属(Culex spp.)、黄蝇属(Cuterebra spp.)、橄榄大实蝇(Dacus oleae)、人肤蝇(Dermatobia hominis)、果蝇属(Drosophila spp.)、厕蝇属(Fannia spp.)、胃蝇属(Gastrophilusspp.)、黑蝇属(Hylemyia spp.)、Hyppobosca spp.、皮蝇属(Hypodermaspp.)、斑潜蝇属(Liriomyza spp.)、绿蝇属(Lucilia spp.)、家蝇属(Musca spp.)、绿蝽属(Nezara spp.)、狂蝇属(Oestrus spp.)、瑞典麦秆蝇(Oscinella frit)、藜泉蝇(Pegomyia hyoscyami)、草种蝇属(Phorbia spp.)、螫蝇属(Stomoxys spp.)、虻属(Tabanus spp.)、Tannia spp.、欧洲大蚊(Tipula paludosa)。
腹足纲(Gastropoda),例如,Arion spp.、双脐螺属(Biomphalariaspp.)、小泡螺属(Bulinus spp.)、Deroceras spp.、土蜗属(Galbaspp.)、椎实螺属(Lymnaea spp.)、钉螺属(Oncomelania spp.)、琥珀螺属(Succinea spp.)。
蠕虫纲(Helminths),例如,十二指肠钩口线虫(Ancylostomaduodenale)、斯里兰卡钩口线虫(Ancylostoma ceylanicum)、巴西钩口线虫(Acylostoma braziliensis)、钩口线虫属(Ancylostoma spp.)、似引蛔线虫(Ascaris lubricoides)、蛔虫属(Ascaris spp.)、马来布鲁线虫(Brugia malayi)、帝汶布鲁线虫(Brugia timori)、仰口线虫属(Bunostomum spp.)、夏柏特线虫属(Chabertia spp.)、枝睾吸虫属(Clonorchis spp.)、古柏线虫属(Cooperia spp.)、双腔吸虫属(Dicrocoelium spp.)、丝状网尾线虫(Dictyocaulus filaria)、阔节裂头绦虫(Diphyllobothrium latum)、麦地那龙线虫(Dracunculusmedinensis)、细粒棘球绦虫(Echinococcus granulosus)、多房棘球绦虫(Echinococcus multilocularis)、蠕形住肠蛲虫(Enterobiusvermicularis)、Faciola spp.、血毛线虫属(Haemonchus spp.)、异刺线虫属(Heterakis spp.)、矮小啮壳绦虫(Hymenolepis nana)、猪圆线虫属(Hyostrongulus spp.)、罗阿罗阿线虫(Loa Loa)、细颈线虫属(Nematodirus spp.)、结节线虫属(Oesophagostomum spp.)、后睾吸虫属(Opisthorchis spp.)、旋盘尾丝虫(Onchocerca volvulus)、奥斯脱线虫属(Ostertagia spp.)、并殖吸虫属(Paragonimus spp.)、Schistosomen spp.、富氏类圆线虫(Strongyloides fuelleborni)、粪类圆线虫(Strongyloides stercoralis)、粪圆线虫属(Stronyloidesspp.)、牛带绦虫(Taenia saginata)、猪带绦虫(Taenia solium)、旋毛形线虫(Trichinella spiralis)、本地毛形线虫(Trichinellanativa)、株布氏旋毛虫(Trichinella britovi)、南方旋毛虫(Trichinella nelsoni)、Trichinella pseudopsiralis、毛圆线虫属(Trichostrongulus spp.)、Trichuris trichuria、班氏吴策线虫(Wuchereria bancrofti)。
此外,也可防治原生动物,例如艾美虫(Eimeria)。
异翅目(Heteroptera),例如,南瓜缘蝽(Anasa tristis)、拟丽蝽属(Antestiopsis spp.)、土长蝽属(Blissus spp.)、俊盲蝽属(Calocoris spp.)、Campylomma livida、异背长蝽属(Caveleriusspp.)、臭虫属(Cimex spp.)、Creontiades dilutus、胡椒缘蝽(Dasynuspiperis)、Dichelops furcatus、厚氏长棒网蝽(Diconocoris hewetti)、棉红蝽属(Dysdercus spp.)、美洲蝽属(Euschistus spp.)、扁盾蝽属(Eurygaster spp.)、Heliopeltis spp.、Horcias nobilellus、稻缘蝽属(Leptocorisa spp.)、叶喙缘蝽(Leptoglossus phyllopus)、草盲蝽属(Lygus spp.)、蔗黑长蝽(Macropes excavatus)、盲蝽科(Miridae)、绿蝽属、Oebalus spp.、Pentomidae、方背皮蝽(Piesmaquadrata)、壁蝽属(Piezodorus spp.)、棉伪斑腿盲蝽(Psallusseriatus)、Pseudacysta persea、红猎蝽属(Rhodnius spp.)、可可褐盲蝽(Sahlbergella singularis)、黑蝽属(Scotinophora spp.)、梨冠网蝽(Stephanitis nashi)、Tibraca spp.、锥猎蝽属(Triatomaspp.)。
同翅目(Homoptera),例如,无网长管蚜属(Acyrthosipon spp.)、Aeneolamia spp.、隆脉木虱属(Agonoscena spp.)、Aleurodes spp.、蔗粉虱属(Aleurolobus barodensis)、Aleurothrixus spp.、杧果叶蝉属(Amrasca spp.)、Anuraphis cardui、肾圆盾蚧属(Aonidiellaspp.)、苏联黄粉蚜(Aphanostigma piri)、蚜属(Aphis spp)、葡萄叶蝉(Arboridia apicalis)、小圆盾蚧属(Aspidiella spp.)、圆盾蚧属(Aspidiotus spp.)、Atanus spp.、茄沟无网蚜(Aulacorthumsolani)、Bemisia spp.、李短尾蚜(Brachycaudus helichrysii)、Brachycolus spp.、甘蓝蚜(Brevicoryne brassicae)、小褐稻虱(Calligypona marginata)、Carneocephala fulgida、甘蔗粉角蚜(Ceratovacuna lanigera)、沫蝉科(Cercopidae)、蜡蚧属(Ceroplastes spp.)、草莓钉蚜(Chaetosiphon fragaefolii)、蔗黄雪盾蚧(Chionaspis tegalensis)、茶绿叶蝉(Chlorita onukii)、核桃黑斑蚜(Chromaphis juglandicola)、黑褐圆盾蚧(Chrysomphalusficus)、玉米叶蝉(Cicadulina mbila)、Coccomytilus halli、软蚧属(Coccus spp.)、茶藨隐瘤蚜(Cryptomyzus ribis)、Dalbulus spp.、Dialeurodes spp.、Diaphorina spp.、白背盾蚧属(Diaspis spp.)、履绵蚧属(Drosicha spp.)、西圆尾蚜属(Dysaphis spp.)、灰粉蚧属(Dysmicoccus spp.)、小绿叶蝉属(Empoasca spp.)、绵蚜属(Eriosomaspp.)、Erythroneura spp.、Euscelis bilobatus、咖啡地粉蚧(Geococcus coffeae)、假桃病毒叶蝉(Homalodisca coagulata)、梅大尾蚜(Hyalopterus arundinis)、吹绵蚧属(Icerya spp.)、片角叶蝉属(Idiocerus spp.)、扁喙叶蝉属(Idioscopus spp.)、灰飞虱(Laodelphax striatellus)、Lecanium spp.、蛎盾蚧属(Lepidosaphes spp.)、萝卜蚜(Lipaphis erysimi)、长管蚜属(Macrosiphum spp.)、Mahanarva fimbriolata、高粱蚜(Melanaphissacchari)、Metcalfiella spp.、麦无网蚜(Metopolophium dirhodum)、黑缘平翅斑蚜(Monellia costalis)、Monelliopsis pecanis、瘤蚜属(Myzus spp.)、莴苣衲长管蚜(Nasonovia ribisnigri)、黑尾叶蝉属(Nephotettix spp.)、褐飞虱(Nilaparvata lugens)、Oncometopiaspp.、Orthezia praelonga、杨梅缘粉虱(Parabemisia myricae)、Paratrioza spp.、片盾蚧属(Parlatoria spp.)、瘿绵蚜属(Pemphigusspp.)、玉米蜡蝉(Peregrinus maidis)、绵粉蚧属(Phenacoccus spp.)、杨平翅绵蚜(Phloeomyzus passerinii)、忽布疣蚜(Phorodon humuli)、Phylloxera spp.、苏铁褐点并盾蚧(Pinnaspis aspidistrae)、臀纹粉蚧属(Planococcus spp.)、梨形原绵蚧(Protopulvinariapyriformis)、桑白盾蚧(Pseudaulacaspis pentagona)、粉蚧属(Pseudococcus spp.)、木虱属(Psylla spp.)、金小蜂属(Pteromalusspp.)、Pyrilla spp.、笠圆盾蚧属(Quadraspidiotus spp.)、Quesadagigas、平刺粉蚧属(Rastrococcus spp.)、缢管蚜属(Rhopalosiphumspp.)、黑盔蚧属(Saissetia spp.)、Scaphoides titanus、麦二叉蚜(Schizaphis graminum)、苏铁刺圆盾蚧(Selenaspidusarticulatus)、长唇基飞虱属(Sogata spp.)、白背飞虱(Sogatellafurcifera)、Sogatodes spp.、Stictocephala festina、Tenalapharamalayensis、Tinocallis caryaefoliae、广胸沫蝉属(Tomaspis spp.)、声蚜属(Toxoptera spp.)、温室粉虱(Trialeurodes vaporariorum)、个木虱属(Trioza spp.)、小叶蝉属(Typhlocyba spp.)、尖盾蚧属(Unaspis spp.)、Viteus vitifolii。
膜翅目(Hymenoptera),例如,松叶蜂属(Diprion spp.)、实叶蜂属(Hoplocampa spp.)、毛蚁属(Lasius spp.)、小家蚁(Monomoriumpharaonis)、胡蜂属(Vespa spp.)。
等足目(Isopoda),例如,鼠妇(Armadillidium vulgare)、栉水虱(Oniscus asellus)、球鼠妇(Porcellio scaber)。
等翅目(Isoptera),例如,散白蚁属(Reticulitermes spp.)。
鳞翅目(Lepidoptera),例如,桑剑纹夜蛾(Acronicta major)、烦夜蛾(Aedia leucomelas)、地老虎属(Agrotis spp.)、棉叶波纹夜蛾(Alabama argillacea)、干煞夜蛾属(Anticarsia spp.)、Barathrabrassicae、棉潜蛾(Bucculatrix thurberiella)、松尺蠖(Bupaluspiniarius)、亚麻黄卷蛾(Cacoecia podana)、Capua reticulaha、苹果小卷蛾(Carpocapsa pomonella)、冬尺蛾(Cheimatobia brumata)、禾草螟属(Chilo spp.)、枞色卷蛾(Choristoneura fumiferana)、葡萄果蠹蛾(Clysia ambiguella)、Cnaphalocerus spp.、埃及金刚钻(Earias insulana)、地中海粉斑螟(Ephestia kuehniella)、黄毒蛾(Euproctis chrysorrhoea)、切根虫属(Euxoa spp.)、脏切夜蛾属(Feltia spp.)、大蜡螟(Galleria mellonella)、Helicoverpaspp.、实夜蛾属(Heliothis spp.)、褐织蛾(Hofmannophilapseudospretella)、茶长卷蛾(Homona magnanima)、苹果巢蛾(Hyponomeuta padella)、贪夜蛾属(Laphygma spp.)、苹细蛾(Lithocolletis blancardella)、绿果冬夜蛾(Lithophaneantennata)、豆白隆切根虫(Loxagrotis albicosta)、毒蛾属(Lymantria spp.)、黄褐天幕毛虫(Malacosoma neustria)、甘蓝夜蛾(Mamestra brassicae)、稻毛胫夜蛾(Mocis repanda)、粘虫(Mythimnaseparata)、Oria spp.、水稻负泥虫(Oulema oryzae)、小眼夜蛾(Panolisflammea)、红铃麦蛾(Pectinophora gossypiella)、桔潜蛾(Phyllocnistiscitrella)、菜粉蝶属(Pieris spp.)、菜蛾(Plutellaxylostella)、斜纹夜蛾属(Prodenia spp.)、Pseudaletia spp.、大豆夜蛾(Pseudoplusia includens)、玉米螟(Pyraustanubilalis)、灰翅夜蛾属(Spodoptera spp.)、Thermesia gemmatalis、袋谷蛾(Tineapellionella)、幕谷蛾(Tineola bisselliella)、栎绿卷蛾(Tortrixviridana)、粉夜蛾属(Trichoplusia spp.)。
直翅目(Orthoptera),例如,家蟋(Acheta domesticus)、东方蜚蠊(Blatta orientalis)、德国蠊(Blattella germanica)、蝼蛄属(Gryllotalpa spp.)、马德拉蜚蠊(Leucophaea maderae)、飞蝗属(Locusta spp.)、黑蝗属(Melanoplus spp.)、美洲大蠊(Periplanetaamericana)、沙漠蝗(Schistocerca gregaria)。
蚤目(Siphonaptera),例如,角叶蚤属(Ceratophyllus spp.)、印鼠客蚤(Xenopsylla cheopis)。
综合目(Symphyla),例如,Scutigerella immaculata。
缨翅目(Thysanoptera),例如,稻蓟马(Baliothrips biformis)、Enneothrips flavens、花蓟马属(Frankliniella spp.)、网蓟马属(Heliothrips spp.)、温室条篱蓟马(Hercinothrips femoralis)、葡萄蓟马(Rhipiphorothrips cruentatus)、硬蓟马属(Scirtothripsspp.)、Taeniothrips cardamoni、蓟马属(Thrips spp.)。
缨尾目(Thysannra),例如,衣鱼(Lepisma saccharina)。
植物寄生线虫包括,例如,滑刃线虫属(Aphelenchoides spp.)、伞滑刃线虫属(Bursaphelenchus spp.)、起绒草茎线虫(Ditylenchusdipsaci)、球异皮线虫属(Globodera spp.)、异皮线虫属(Heteroderaspp.)、长针线虫属(Longidorus spp.)、根结线虫属(Meloidogynespp.)、短体线虫属(Pratylenchus spp.)、相似穿孔线虫(Radopholussimilis)、毛刺线虫属(Trichodorus spp.)、半穿刺线虫(Tylenchulussemipenetrans)、剑线虫属(Xiphinema spp.)。
如果合适,本发明的化合物/活性化合物结合物也可以一定浓度或施用率用作除草剂、安全剂、生长调节剂,或者用作改善植物特性的药剂,或者用作杀微生物剂,例如杀真菌剂、抗霉剂、杀细菌剂、杀病毒剂(包括抵抗类病毒的药剂)或用作抵抗MLO(类支原体)和RLO(类立克次氏体)的药剂。如果合适,它们也可用作合成其它活性化合物的中间体或前体。
所有的植物及植物部位均可依据本发明予以处理。本发明中植物的含义应理解为所有的植物及植物种群,例如需要的及不需要的野生植物或作物植物(包括天然存在的作物植物)。作物植物可为可通过常规育种和优选法或者通过可由常规育种和优选法获得的植物或者通过生物技术和遗传工程方法或通过前述方法的结合而获得的植物,包括转基因植物,也包括受植物种苗权保护或不受其保护的植物栽培种。植物部位的含义应理解为植物所有的地上及地下部位及器官,例如芽、叶、花和根,可提及的实例为叶、针叶、茎、干、花、子实体、果实、种子、根、块茎和根茎。植物部位还包括采收物以及无性与有性繁殖物,例如插枝、块茎、根茎、分株和种子。
根据本发明的使用活性化合物/活性化合物结合物对植物和植物部位进行的处理,通过常规处理方法直接进行或者通过使化合物作用于其所处环境、生境或储存空间来实现,所述常规处理方法例如浸液、喷雾、蒸发、弥雾、撒播、涂抹、注射,并且,对于繁殖材料,尤其是种子,还可包衣一层或多层。
本发明的活性化合物/活性化合物结合物可转化为常规制剂,例如溶液剂、乳剂、可湿性粉剂、水基和油基悬浮剂、粉剂、粉末剂、膏剂、可溶性粉剂、可溶性颗粒剂、撒施颗粒剂、悬乳浓缩剂、经活性化合物浸渍的天然材料、经活性化合物浸渍的合成材料、肥料、以及聚合物中的微胶囊剂。
这些制剂以已知的方式制成,例如将活性化合物/活性化合物结合物与稀释剂混合,即,与液体溶剂和/或固体载体混合,同时可任选使用表面活性剂,即乳化剂和/或分散剂和/或发泡剂。
如果所用稀释剂为水,还可使用例如有机溶剂作为助溶剂。合适的液体溶剂主要有:芳香族化合物,例如二甲苯、甲苯或烷基萘;氯代芳香族化合物和氯代脂族烃,例如氯苯、氯乙烯或二氯甲烷;脂族烃,例如环己烷或石蜡,例如石油馏分、矿物油和植物油;醇,例如丁醇或乙二醇,及其醚和酯;酮,例如丙酮、甲乙酮、甲基异丁基酮或环己酮;强极性溶剂,例如二甲基甲酰胺和二甲基亚砜;以及水。
适合的固体载体有:
例如,铵盐和天然矿物粉,例如高岭土、粘土、滑石、白垩、石英、凹凸棒石、蒙脱石或硅藻土,以及合成矿物粉末,例如高度分散的二氧化硅、氧化铝和硅酸盐;适用于颗粒剂的固体载体为:例如粉碎并分级的天然矿物,例如方解石、大理石、浮石、海泡石和白云石,及合成的无机和有机粉末的颗粒以及有机物质的颗粒,例如锯屑、椰壳、玉米穗轴和烟草茎;适合的乳化剂和/或发泡剂为:例如非离子和阴离子乳化剂,例如聚氧乙烯脂肪酸酯、聚氧乙烯脂肪醇醚例如烷基芳基聚乙二醇醚、烷基磺酸盐、烷基硫酸盐、芳基磺酸盐及蛋白质水解产物;适合的分散剂为:例如木素亚硫酸盐废液和甲基纤维素。
制剂中可使用粘合剂,例如羧甲基纤维素,以及粉末、颗粒或胶乳状的天然和合成聚合物,例如阿拉伯树胶、聚乙烯醇和聚乙酸乙烯酯,及天然磷脂,例如脑磷脂和卵磷脂,以及合成磷脂。其它添加剂可为矿物油和植物油。
可使用着色剂,例如无机颜料,例如氧化铁、氧化钛和普鲁士蓝;以及有机着色剂,例如茜素着色剂、偶氮着色剂和金属酞菁着色剂;以及微量营养物质,例如铁盐、锰盐、硼盐、铜盐、钴盐、钼盐和锌盐。
制剂中通常含有0.1至95重量%的活性化合物,优选为0.5至90%。
本发明的活性化合物/活性化合物结合物可存在于其市售制剂中,也可存在于由所述制剂制备的使用形式中及与其它活性化合物的混合物中,所述其它活性化合物例如杀昆虫剂、引诱剂、消毒剂、杀细菌剂、杀螨剂、杀线虫剂、杀真菌剂、生长调节剂、除草剂、安全剂、肥料或化学信息物质。
适于作为混合组分的化合物为例如以下物质:
杀真菌剂:
联苯酚(2-phenylphenol)、8-羟基喹啉(8-hydroxyquinolinesulphate)、苯丙噻重氮(acibenzolar-S-methyl)、4-十二烷基-2,6-二甲基吗啉(aldimorph)、amidoflumet、氨丙膦酸(ampropylfos)、氨丙膦酸钾、andoprim、敌菌灵(anilazine)、戊环唑(azaconazole)、腈嘧菌酯(azoxystrobin)、苯霜灵(benalaxyl)、麦锈灵(benodanil)、苯菌灵(benomyl)、苯噻菌胺(benthiavalicarb-isopropyl)、苄烯酸(benzamacril)、异丁基苄烯酸、双丙氨膦(bilanafos)、乐杀螨(binapacryl)、联苯、双苯三唑醇(bitertanol)、灭瘟素(blasticidin-S)、糠菌唑(bromuconazole)、磺嘧菌灵(bupirimate)、粉并定(buthiobate)、丁胺、多硫化钙、卡巴西霉素(capsimycin)、敌菌丹(captafol)、克菌丹(captan)、多菌灵(carbendazim)、萎锈灵(carboxin)、氯环丙酰胺(carpropamid)、香芹酮(carvone)、灭螨猛(chinomethionat)、灭瘟唑(chlobenthiazone)、苯咪唑菌(chlorfenazole)、地茂散(chloroneb)、百菌清(chlorothalonil)、乙菌利(chlozolinate)、clozylacon、氰霜唑(cyazofamid)、环氟菌胺(cyflufenamid)、清菌脲(cymoxanil)、环唑醇(cyproconazole)、嘧菌环胺(cyprodinil)、酯菌胺(cyprofuram)、咪草酸G(Dagger G)、双乙氧咪唑威(debacarb)、抑菌灵(dichlofluanid)、二氯萘醌(dichlone)、双氯酚(dichlorophen)、双氯氰菌胺(diclocymet)、哒菌清(diclomezine)、氯硝胺(dicloran)、乙霉威(diethofencarb)、噁醚唑(difenoconazole)、氟嘧菌胺(diflumetorim)、甲菌定(dimethirimol)、烯酰吗啉(dimethomorph)、醚菌胺(dimoxystrobin)、烯唑醇(diniconazole)、烯唑醇-M(diniconazole-M)、敌螨普(dinocap)、二苯胺(diphenylamine)、吡菌硫(dipyrithione)、灭菌磷(ditalimfos)、二氰蒽醌(dithianon)、多果定(dodine)、敌菌酮(drazoxolon)、克瘟散(edifenphos)、氧唑菌(epoxiconazole)、噻唑菌胺(ethaboxam)、乙菌定(ethirimol)、氯唑灵(etridiazole)、噁唑酮菌(famoxadone)、咪唑菌酮(fenamidone)、菌拿灵(fenapanil)、异嘧菌醇(fenarimol)、腈苯唑(fenbuconazole)、甲呋酰胺(fenfuram)、环酰菌胺(fenhexamid)、种衣酯(fenitropan)、稻瘟酰胺(fenoxanil)、拌种咯(fenpiclonil)、苯锈啶(fenpropidin)、丁苯吗啉(fenpropimorph)、福美铁(ferbam)、氟啶胺(fluazinam)、氟苯亚胺噻唑(flubenzimine)、氟噁菌(fludioxonil)、氟联苯菌(flumetover)、氟吗啉(flumorph)、氟氯菌核利(fluoromide)、氟嘧菌酯(fluoxastrobin)、喹唑菌酮(fluquinconazole)、呋嘧醇(flurprimidol)、氟硅唑(flusilazole)、磺菌胺(flusulfamide)、氟酰胺(flutolanil)、粉唑醇(flutriafol)、灭菌丹(folpet)、藻菌磷(fosetyl-A1)、藻菌磷钠(fosetyl-sodium)、麦穗宁(fuberidazole)、呋氨丙灵(furalaxyl)、呋吡唑灵(furametpyr)、灭菌胺(furcarbanil)、拌种胺(furmecyclox)、双胍盐(guazatine)、六氯苯(hexachlorobenzene)、己唑醇(hexaconazole)、土菌消(hymexazole)、烯菌灵(imazalil)、酰胺唑(imibenconazole)、双胍辛胺乙酸盐(iminoctadine triacetate)、双八胍盐(iminoctadinetris(albesilate))、iodocarb、环戊唑醇(ipconazole)、异稻瘟净(iprobenfos)、异菌脲(iprodione)、缬霉威(iprovalicarb)、人间霉素(irumamycin)、稻瘟灵(isoprothiolane)、氯苯咪菌酮(isovaledione)、春雷霉素(kasugamycin)、亚胺菌(kresoxim-methyl)、代森锰锌(mancozeb)、代森锰(maneb)、meferimzone、嘧菌胺(mepanipyrim)、丙氧灭锈胺(mepronil)、甲霜灵(metalaxyl)、精甲霜灵(metalaxyl-M)、环戊唑菌(metconazole)、磺菌威(methasulfocarb)、甲呋菌胺(methfuroxam)、代森联(metiram)、叉氨苯酰胺(metominostrobin)、噻菌胺(metsulfovax)、米多霉素(mildiomycin)、腈菌唑(myclobutanil)、甲菌利(myclozolin)、多马霉素(natamycin)、BAS510(nicobifen)、异丙消(nitrothal-isopropyl)、多氟脲(noviflumuron)、氟苯嘧啶醇(nuarimol)、甲呋酰胺(ofurace)、肟醚菌胺(orysastrobin)、噁霜灵(oxadixyl)、喹菌酮(oxolinic acid)、恶咪唑(oxpoconazole)、氧化萎锈灵(oxycarboxin)、oxyfenthiin、多效唑(paclobutrazole)、稻瘟酯(pefurazoate)、戊菌唑(penconazole)、戊菌隆(pencycuron)、双氯苯磷(phosdiphen)、四氯苯酞(phthalide)、啶氧菌酯(picoxystrobin)、粉病灵(piperalin)、多抗霉素(polyoxins)、多氧霉素(polyoxorim)、噻菌灵(probenazole)、丙氯灵(prochloraz)、杀菌利(procymidone)、百维灵(propamocarb)、propanosine-sodium、丙环唑(propiconazole)、丙森锌(propineb)、丙氧喹啉(proquinazid)、丙硫菌唑(prothioconazole)、吡唑醚菌酯(pyraclostrobin)、定菌磷(pyrazophos)、啶斑肟(pyrifenox)、二甲嘧菌胺(pyrimethanil)、咯喹酮(pyroquilon)、氯吡呋醚(pyroxyfur)、pyrrolenitrine、唑喹菌酮(quinconazole)、喹氧灵(quinoxyfen)、五氯硝基苯(quintozene)、硅氟唑(simeconazole)、螺环菌胺(spiroxamine)、硫、戊唑醇(tebuconazole)、叶枯酞(tecloftalam)、四氯硝基苯(tecnazene)、四环唑(tetcyclacis)、氟醚唑(tetraconazole)、噻菌灵(thiabendazole)、噻菌腈(thicyofen)、溴氟唑菌(thifluzamide)、甲基托布津(thiophanate-methyl)、福美双(thiram)、tioxymid、甲基立枯磷(tolclofos-methyl)、对甲抑菌灵(tolylfluanid)、三唑酮(triadimefon)、唑菌醇(triadimenol)、丁三唑(triazbutil)、唑菌嗪(triazoxide)、tricyclamide、三环唑(tricyclazole)、克啉菌(tridemorph)、肟菌酯(trifloxystrobin)、氟菌唑(triflumizole)、嗪氨灵(triforine)、戊叉唑菌(triticonazole)、烯效唑(uniconazole)、有效霉素A(validamycin A)、烯菌酮(vinclozolin)、代森锌(zineb)、福美锌(ziram)、苯酰菌胺(zoxamide)、(2S)-N-[2-[4-[[3-(4-氯苯基)-2-丙炔基]氧]-3-甲氧基苯基]乙基]-3-甲基-2-[(甲基磺酰基)氨基]丁酰胺、1-(1-萘基)-1H-吡咯-2,5-二酮、2,3,5,6-四氯-4-(甲基磺酰基)吡啶、2-氨基-4-甲基-N-苯基-5-噻唑甲酰胺、2-氯-N-(2,3-二氢-1,1,3-三甲基-1H-茚-4-基)-3-吡啶甲酰胺、3,4,5-三氯-2,6-吡啶二腈、actinovate、顺-1-(4-氯苯基)-2-(1H-1,2,4-三唑-1-基)环庚醇、1-(2,3-二氢-2,2-二甲基-1H-茚-1-基)-1H-咪唑-5-羧酸甲酯、碳酸氢钾、N-(6-甲氧基-3-吡啶基)环丙烷甲酰胺、N-丁基-8-(1,1-二甲基乙基)-1-氧杂螺[4.5]癸烷-3-胺、四硫代碳酸钠,以及铜盐及其制剂,例如波尔多液、氢氧化铜、环烷酸铜、氯氧化铜(copper oxychloride)、硫酸铜、硫杂灵(cufraneb)、氧化铜、代森锰铜(mancopper)、喹啉铜(oxine-copper)。
杀细菌剂:
溴硝丙二醇(bronopol)、双氯酚、三氯甲基吡啶(nitrapyrin)、福美镍(nickel dimethyldithiocarbamate)、春雷霉素、异噻菌酮(octhilinone)、羧酸呋喃(furancarboxylic acid)、土霉素(oxytetracyclin)、噻菌灵、链霉素(streptomycin)、叶枯酞、硫酸铜和其它铜制剂。
杀昆虫剂/杀螨剂/杀线虫剂:
1.乙酰胆碱酯酶(AChE)抑制剂
1.1氨基甲酸酯类
例如,棉铃威(alanycarb)、涕灭威(aldicarb)、砜灭威(aldoxycarb)、除害威(allyxycarb)、灭害威(aminocarb)、噁虫威(bendiocarb)、丙硫克百威(benfuracarb)、合杀威(bufencarb)、畜虫威(butacarb)、丁叉威(butocarboxim)、氧丁叉威(butoxycarboxim)、西维因(carbaryl)、虫螨威(carbofuran)、丁硫克百威(carbosulfan)、除线威(cloethocarb)、敌蝇威(dimetilan)、苯虫威(ethiofencarb)、丁苯威(fenobucarb)、苯硫威(fenothiocarb)、伐虫脒(formetanate)、呋线威(furathiocarb)、异丙威(isoprocarb)、威百亩(metam-sodium)、灭虫威(methiocarb)、灭多虫(methomyl)、速灭威(metolcarb)、甲氨叉威(oxamyl)、抗蚜威(pirimicarb)、猛杀威(promecarb)、残杀威(propoxur)、硫双灭多威(thiodicarb)、特氨叉威(thiofanox)、混杀威(trimethacarb)、灭除威(XMC)、灭杀威(xylylcarb)、唑蚜威(triazamate)
1.2有机磷酸酯类
例如,高灭磷(acephate)、唑啶磷(azamethiphos)、谷硫磷(azinphos-methyl)、乙基谷硫磷(azinphos-ethyl)、乙基溴硫磷(bromophos-ethyl)、溴苯烯磷(bromfenvinfos(-methyl))、特嘧硫磷(butathiofos)、硫线磷(cadusafos)、三硫磷(carbophenothion)、壤虫氯磷(chlorethoxyfos)、毒虫畏(chlorfenvinphos)、氯甲磷(chlormephos)、甲基毒死蜱(chlorpyrifos-methyl)、毒死蜱(chlorpyrifos-ethyl)、蝇毒磷(coumaphos)、苯腈磷(cyanofenphos)、杀螟腈(cyanophos)、毒虫畏(chlorfenvinphos)、甲基一○五九(demeton-S-methyl)、磺吸磷(demeton-S-methylsulphon)、氯亚磷(dialifos)、二嗪农(diazinon)、除线磷(dichlofenthion)、敌敌畏(dichlorvos)/DDVP、百治磷(dicrotophos)、乐果(dimethoate)、甲基毒虫畏(dimethylvinphos)、蔬果磷(dioxabenzofos)、乙拌磷(disulfoton)、EPN、乙硫磷(ethion)、灭克磷(ethoprophos)、氧嘧啶磷(etrimfos)、氨磺磷(famphur)、克线磷(fenamiphos)、杀螟松(fenitrothion)、丰索磷(fensulfothion)、倍硫磷(fenthion)、吡氟硫磷(flupyrazofos)、地虫磷(fonofos)、安果(formothion)、丁苯硫磷(fosmethilan)、噻唑酮磷(fosthiazate)、庚虫磷(heptenophos)、碘硫磷(iodofenphos)、异稻瘟净、氟唑磷(isazofos)、丙胺磷(isofenphos)、O-水杨酸异丙酯、异噁唑啉(isoxathion)、马拉松(malathion)、灭蚜磷(mecarbam)、虫螨畏(methacrifos)、甲胺磷(methamidophos)、杀扑磷(methidathion)、速灭磷(mevinphos)、久效磷(monocrotophos)、二溴磷(naled)、氧化乐果(omethoate)、砜吸磷(oxydemeton-methyl)、甲基对硫磷(parathion-methyl)、对硫磷(parathion-ethyl)、稻丰散(phenthoate)、甲拌磷(phorate)、伏杀磷(phosalone)、亚胺硫磷(phosmet)、磷胺(phosphamidon)、乙丙磷威(phosphocarb)、腈肟磷(phoxim)、甲基嘧啶磷(pirimiphos-methyl)、嘧啶磷(pirimiphos-ethyl)、丙溴磷(profenofos)、丙虫磷(propaphos)、烯虫磷(propetamphos)、丙硫磷(prothiofos)、发果(prothoate)、吡唑硫磷(pyraclofos)、打杀磷(pyridaphenthion)、pyridathion、喹噁磷(quinalphos)、硫线磷(sebufos)、硫特普(sulfotep)、乙丙硫磷(sulprofos)、嘧丙磷(tebupirimphos)、双硫磷(temephos)、特丁磷(terbufos)、杀虫畏(tetrachlorvinphos)、甲基乙拌磷(thiometon)、三唑磷(triazophos)、敌百虫(triclorfon)、蚜灭多(vamidothion)
2.钠通道调节剂/电位门控钠通道阻断剂
2.1拟除虫菊酯类例如,氟酯菊酯(acrinathrin)、丙烯除虫菊(d-顺-反,d-反)(allethrin(d-cis-trans,d-trans))、β-氟氯氰菊酯(beta-cyfluthrin)、氟氯菊酯(bifenthrin)、反丙烯除虫菊(bioallethrin)、反丙烯除虫菊-S-环戊基异构体、bioethanomethrin、生物氯菊酯(biopermethrin)、右旋反灭虫菊酯(bioresmethrin)、二氯炔戊菊酯(chlovaporthrin)、顺-氯氰菊酯(cis-cypermethrin)、顺-灭虫菊(cis-resmethrin)、顺-氯菊酯(cis-permethrin)、功夫菊酯(clocythrin)、乙氰菊酯(cycloprothrin)、氟氯氰菊酯(cyfluthrin)、氯氟氰菊酯(cyhalothrin)、氯氰菊酯(α-、β-、θ-、ζ-)(cypermethrin(alpha-,beta-,theta-,zeta-))、苯醚氯菊酯(cyphenothrin)、溴氰菊酯(deltamethrin)、烯炔菊酯(1R异构体)(empenthrin(1R isomer))、高氰戊菊酯(esfenvalerate)、醚菊酯(etofenprox)、五氟苯菊酯(fenfluthrin)、甲氰菊酯(fenpropathrin)、吡氯氰菊酯(fenpyrithrin)、灭杀菊酯(fenvalerate)、溴氟菊酯(flubrocythrinate)、氟氰戊菊酯(flucythrinate)、氟丙苄醚(flufenprox)、氟氯苯菊酯(flumethrin)、氟胺氰菊酯(fluvalinate)、氟丙苯醚(fubfenprox)、γ-氯氟氰菊酯(gamma-cyhalothrin)、炔咪菊酯(imiprothrin)、噻嗯菊酯(kadethrin)、λ-氯氟氰菊酯(lambda-cyhalothrin)、甲氧苄氟菊酯(metofluthrin)、氯菊酯(顺-、反-)、苯醚菊酯(1R反式异构体)(phenothrin(1R trans-isomer)、炔酮菊酯(prallethrin)、丙氟菊酯(profluthrin)、protrifenbute、反灭虫菊(pyresmethrin)、灭虫菊(resmethrin)、RU-15525、氟硅菊酯(silafluofen)、氟胺氰菊酯(tau-fluvalinate)、七氟菊酯(tefluthrin)、环戊烯丙菊酯(terallethrin)、胺菊酯(1R异构体)(tetramethrin(1R isomer))、四溴菊酯(tralomethrin)、四氟菊酯(transfluthrin)、ZXI 8901、除虫菊素(pyrethrin)(除虫菊(pyrethrum))
DDT
2.2噁二嗪类(oxadiazine)
例如茚虫威(indoxacarb)
2.3缩氨基脲(semicarbazone)
例如氰氟虫胺(metaflumizone)(BAS 3201)
乙酰胆碱受体激动剂/拮抗剂
3.1氯烟碱基类(chloronicotinyl)
例如,吡虫清(acetamiprid)、噻虫胺(clothianidin)、呋虫胺(dinotefuran)、吡虫啉(imidacloprid)、硝胺烯啶(nitenpyram)、硝虫噻嗪(nithiazine)、噻虫啉(thiacloprid)、噻虫嗪(thiamethoxam)
3.2烟碱(nicotine)、杀虫磺(bensultap)、巴丹(cartap)
乙酰胆碱受体调节剂
4.1 spinosyn类
例如多杀菌素(spinosad)
GABA门控氯通道拮抗剂
5.1环戊二烯有机氯类
例如,毒杀芬(camphechlor)、氯丹(chlordane)、硫丹(endosulfan)、林丹(gamma-HCH)、HCH、七氯(heptachlor)、林丹(lindane)、甲氧滴滴涕(methoxychlor)
5.2 fiprole类
例如,acetoprole、乙虫腈(ethiprole)、锐劲特(fipronil)、pyrafluprole、pyripole、氟吡唑虫(vaniliprole)
氯通道激活剂类
6.1 Mectin类
例如,阿维菌素(avermectin)、埃玛菌素(emamectin)、埃玛菌素苯甲酸盐(emamectin-benzoate)、伊维菌素(ivermectin)、米尔倍霉素(milbemycin)
保幼激素模拟物(mimetic)类
例如,苯虫醚(diofenolan)、保幼醚(epofenonane)、双氧威(fenoxyca rb)、烯虫乙酯(hydroprene)、烯虫炔酯(kinoprene)、蒙五一五(methoprene)、蚊蝇醚(pyripfoxifen)、烯虫硫酯(triprene)
蜕皮激素激动剂/干扰剂类(disruptor)
8.1二酰基肼类
例如,环虫酰肼(chromafenozide)、特丁苯酰肼(halofenozide)、甲氧苯酰肼(methoxyfenozide)、双苯酰肼(tebufenozide)
几丁质生物合成抑制剂
9.1苯甲酰脲类
例如,双三氟虫脲(bistrifluron)、定虫隆(chlorfluazuron)、氟脲杀(diflubenzuron)、氟啶蜱脲(fluazuron)、氟螨脲(flucycloxuron)、氟虫脲(flufenoxuron)、氟铃脲(hexaflumuron)、氟丙氧脲(lufenuron)、双苯氟脲(novaluron)、多氟脲(noviflumuron)、氟幼脲(penfluron)、伏虫磷(teflubenzuron)、杀虫隆(triflumuron)
9.2噻嗪酮
9.3灭蝇胺(cyromazine)
氧化磷酸化抑制剂,ATP干扰剂类
10.1杀螨硫隆(diafenthiuron)
10.2有机锡类
例如唑环锡(azocyclotin)、三环锡(cyhexatin)、杀螨锡(fenbutatin-oxide)
通过阻断H-质子梯度而起作用的氧化磷酸化去偶剂(decoupler)类
11.1吡咯类
例如氟唑虫清(chlorfenapyr)
11.2二硝基酚类
例如乐杀螨(binapacryl)、敌螨通(dinobuton)、敌螨普、DNOC
电子传递抑制剂类
12.1I位点电子传递抑制剂类
METI类
例如喹螨醚(fenazaquin)、唑螨酯(fenpyroximate)、嘧胺苯醚(pyrimidifen)、哒螨酮(pyridaben)、吡螨胺(tebufenpyrad)、唑虫酰胺(tolfenpyrad),以及
灭蚁腙(hydramethylnon)
开乐散(dicofol)
12.2Ⅱ位点电子传递抑制剂类
鱼藤酮(rotenone)
12.3Ⅲ位点电子传递抑制剂类
灭螨醌(acequinocyl)、嘧螨酯(fluacrypyrim)
昆虫肠道膜微生物干扰剂类
苏云金杆菌(Bacillus thuringiensis)菌株
脂肪生物合成抑制剂类
14.1季酮酸类
例如,螺螨酯(spirodiclofen)、螺甲螨酯(spiromesifen)
14.2特特拉姆酸类(tetramic acid)
例如螺虫乙酯(spirotetramat)
甲酰胺类
例如氟啶虫酰胺(flonicamid)
章鱼胺能激动剂类
例如虫螨脒(amitraz)
镁刺激ATP酶抑制剂类
克螨特(propargite)
ryanodine受体效应物(effector)
18.1苯甲酸二羧酰胺类
例如氟虫酰胺(flubendiamide)
18.2邻氨基苯甲酰胺类
例如DPX E2 Y45
沙蚕毒素类似物
例如杀虫环草酸盐(thiocyclam hydrogen oxalate)、杀虫双(thiosultap-sodium)
生物制剂、激素或信息素
印楝素(azadirachtin)、芽孢杆菌类(Bacillus spec.)、白僵菌类(Beauveria spec.)、十二碳十二烯醇(codlemone)、绿僵菌(Metarrhizium spec.)、拟青霉(Paecilomyces spec.)、敌贝特(thuringiensin)、Verticillium spec.
作用机理未知或不明确的活性化合物
21.1熏蒸剂
例如磷化铝、甲基溴、硫酰氟(sulphuryl fluoride)
21.2拒食剂
例如冰晶石(cryolite)、氟啶虫酰胺、吡蚜酮(pymetrozine)
21.3螨生长抑制剂
例如四螨嗪(clofentezine)、乙螨唑(etoxazole)、噻螨酮(hexythiazox)
21.4 amidoflumet、benclothiaz、苯螨特(benzoximate)、联苯肼酯(bifenazate)、溴螨酯(bromopropylate)、噻嗪酮(buprofezin)、灭螨猛、杀虫脒(chlordimeform)、乙酯杀螨醇(chlorobenzilate)、氯化苦(chloropicrin)、clothiazoben、cycloprene、cyflumetofen、环虫腈(dicyclanil)、fenoxacrim、氟硝二苯胺(fentrifanil)、flubenzimine、flufenerim、氟螨嗪(flutenzin)、红铃虫性诱素(gossyplure)、伏虫腙(hydramethylnone)、japonilure、恶虫酮(metoxadiazone)、石油、增效醚(piperonyl butoxide)、油酸钾(potassium oleate)、啶虫丙醚(pyridalyl)、氟虫胺(sulfluramid)、三氯杀螨醇(tetradifon)、杀螨硫醚(tetrasul)、苯螨噻(triarathene)、增效炔醚(verbutin)
还可与其它已知的活性化合物例如除草剂、肥料、生长调节剂、安全剂、化学信息物质混合,也可与改善植物特性的试剂混合。
以市售制剂和由所述制剂制备的使用形式用作杀虫剂时,本发明的活性化合物/活性化合物结合物也可以与增效剂混合的形式存在。增效剂为通过其加入可提高活性化合物活性、而其本身不一定具有活性的化合物。
以市售制剂和由所述制剂制备的使用形式用作杀虫剂时,本发明的活性化合物/活性化合物结合物也可以与抑制剂混合的形式存在,所述抑制剂可在活性化合物用于植物的生境、植物表面或植物组织后减少其降解。
由市售制剂制备的使用形式的活性化合物含量可在较宽的范围内变化。使用形式的活性化合物浓度可为0.00000001至最高达95重量%的活性化合物,优选0.00001至1重量%。
它们以适合于使用形式的常规方式施用。
如上所述,可依据本发明处理所有的植物和其部位。在优选实施方案中,处理了野生植物种、或由常规生物育种方法例如杂交或原生质体融合获得的植物品种和植物变种、以及所述品种和变种的部位。在另一优选实施方案中,处理了由重组方法、如果合适还可与常规方法相结合而获得的转基因植物和植物变种(遗传修饰的生物(genetic modifiedorganism))及其部位。术语“部位”或“植物的部位”或“植物部位”解释如上。
特别优选依据本发明进行处理的植物为各自市售或使用的植物变种。植物变种的含义理解为由常规育种、诱变或重组DNA技术育种获得的具有新特性(trait)的植物。它们可以是变种、生物型(biotype)和基因型形式。
依据植物品种或植物变种、其种植地点和生长条件(土壤、气候、植物生长期、营养(nutrition)),本发明的处理也可产生超加和性(superadditive)(“协同的”)效应。由此可取得如下超过实际预期的效果,例如可降低本发明使用的物质和组合物的施用量和/或加宽其作用谱和/或提高其活性、改善植物生长状况、提高高温或低温耐受性、提高对干旱或对水中或土壤中含盐量的耐受性、提高开花品质、使采收更简易、加速成熟、提高产量、提高采收产品的质量和/或改善其营养价值、改善采收产品的贮存性质和/或其加工性能。
优选的依据本发明处理的转基因植物或植物栽培种(通过重组方法获得)包括在重组修饰中接受遗传物质的所有植物,所述遗传物质将特别的、有利的、有用的特性赋予所述植物。所述特性的实例有改善植物生长状况、提高高温或低温耐受性、提高对干旱或对水中或土壤中含盐量的耐受性、提高开花品质、使采收更简易、加速成熟、提高产量、提高作物的质量和/或提高其营养价值、改善作物的贮存性质和/或其加工性能。需特别提出的所述特性的其它实例有改善植物对动物和微生物有害物的抵抗力,例如对昆虫、螨虫、植物致病真菌、细菌和/或病毒的抵抗力,以及提高植物对某些除草活性化合物的耐受性。可提出的转基因植物的实例为重要的作物植物,例如谷物(小麦、稻)、玉米、大豆、马铃薯、甜菜、番茄、豌豆以及其它蔬菜品种、棉花、烟草、油菜和果实植物(果实为苹果、梨、柑橘类果实和葡萄),特别强调的是玉米、大豆、马铃薯、棉花、烟草和油菜。尤其强调的特性为通过在植物体内形成毒素,特别是由苏云金杆菌的遗传物质(例如由基因CryIA(a)、CryIA(b)、CryIA(c)、CryⅡA、CryⅢA、CryⅢB2、Cry9c、Cry2Ab、Cry3Bb和CryIF及其结合;以下简称为“Bt植物”)在植物体内形成的毒素,来提高植物对昆虫、蛛形纲动物、线虫、蛞蝓和腹足类动物的抵抗力。还特别强调的特性为通过系统获得性抗性(SAR)、系统素、植物抗毒素、引发物和抗性基因以及相应的表达蛋白质和毒素来提高植物对真菌、细菌和病毒的抵抗力。尤其强调的其它特性为提高植物对某些除草活性化合物例如咪唑啉酮类、磺酰脲类、草甘膦(glyphosate)或膦基麦黄酮(phosphinotricin)(例如“PAT”基因)的耐受性。赋予所需特性的基因也可各自在转基因植物体内相互结合存在。可提出的“Bt植物”的实例为市售的商标名称为YIELD GARD(例如玉米、棉花、大豆)、KnockOut(例如玉米)、StarLink(例如玉米)、Bollgard(棉花)、Nucotn(棉花)和NewLeaf(马铃薯)的玉米栽培种、棉花栽培种、大豆栽培种和马铃薯栽培种。可提出的具有除草剂耐受性的植物的实例为市售的商标名称为Roundup Ready(具有草甘膦耐受性,例如玉米、棉花、大豆)、Liberty Link(具有膦基麦黄酮耐受性,例如油菜)、IMI(具有咪唑啉酮耐受性)和STS(具有磺酰脲耐受性,例如玉米)的玉米栽培种、棉花栽培种和大豆栽培种。还可提出的具有除草剂抗性的植物(以常规的除草剂耐受性方式育种的植物)为名为Clearfield的市售变种(例如玉米)。当然,以上叙述也适用于具有所述或待开发的基因特性的植物栽培种,所述植物栽培种将在未来进行开发和/或上市。
上述植物可特别有利地用本发明的通式I化合物或本发明的活性化合物混合物进行处理。上述活性化合物和混合物的优选范围也适用于所述植物的处理。特别强调的为用本发明特别提出的化合物或混合物对植物进行处理。
本发明的活性化合物/活性化合物结合物不仅对植物有害物、卫生有害物和贮存产品有害物具有活性,而且在兽医领域对动物寄生虫(体外寄生虫和体内寄生虫)例如硬蜱、软蜱、马痒螨、恙螨、蝇(叮咬和吸食)、寄生蝇幼虫、虱、毛虱、羽虱和蚤也具有活性。所述寄生虫包括:
虱目(Anoplurida),例如血虱属(Haematopinus spp.)、毛虱属(Linognathus spp.)、虱属(Pediculus spp.)、Phtirus spp.、管虱属(Solenopotes spp.)
食毛目(Mallophagida)及钝角亚目(Amblycerina)和细角亚目(Ischnocerina),例如毛羽虱属(Trimenopon spp.)、禽虱属(Menoponspp.)、巨羽虱属(Trinoton spp.)、牛羽虱属(Boyicola spp.)、Werneckiella spp.、Lepikentron spp.、畜虱属(Damalina spp.)、嚼虱属(Trichodectes spp.)、猫羽虱属(Felicola spp.)
双翅目及长角亚目(Nematocerina)和短角亚目(Brachycerina),例如伊蚊属(Aedes spp.)、按蚊属(Anopheles spp.)、库蚊属(Culexspp.)、蚋属(Simulium spp.)、真蚋属(Eusimulium spp.)、白蛉属(Phlebotomus spp.)、罗蛉属(Lutzomyia spp.)、库蠓属(Culicoides spp.)、斑虻属(Chrysops spp.)、瘤虻属(Hybomitraspp.)、黄虻属(Atylotus spp.)、虻属(Tabanus spp.)、麻虻属(Haematopota spp.)、Philipomyia spp.、蜂虱蝇属(Braula spp.)、家蝇属(Musca spp.)、齿股蝇属(Hydrotaea spp.)、螫蝇属(Stomoxysspp.)、黑角蝇属(Haematobia spp.)、莫蝇属(Morellia spp.)、厕蝇属(Fannia spp.)、舌蝇属(Glossina spp.)、丽蝇属(Calliphoraspp.)、绿蝇属(Lucilia spp.)、金蝇属(Chrysomyia spp.)、污蝇属(Wohlfahrtia spp.)、麻蝇属(Sarcophaga spp.)、狂蝇属(Oestrusspp.)、皮蝇属(Hypoderma spp.)、胃蝇属(Gasterophilus spp.)、虱蝇属(Hippobosca spp.)、羊虱蝇属(Lipoptena spp.)、蜱蝇属(Melophagus spp.)
蚤目(Siphonapterida),例如蚤属(Pulex spp.)、栉首蚤属(Ctenocephalides spp.)、客蚤属(Xenopsylla spp.)、角叶蚤属(Ceratophyllus spp.)
异翅目(Heteropterida),例如臭虫属(Cimex spp.)、锥猎蝽属(Triatoma spp.)、红猎蝽属(Rhodnius spp.)、锥蝽属(Panstrongylusspp.)
蜚蠊目(Blattarida),例如东方蜚蠊(Blatta orientalis)、美洲大蠊(Periplaneta americana)、德国蠊(Blattela germanica)、夏柏拉蟑螂属(Supella spp.)
蜱螨亚纲(Acaria或Acarina)及后气门目(Metastigmate)和中气门目(Mesostigmata),例如锐缘蜱属(Argas spp.)、钝缘蜱属(Ornithodorus spp.)、残喙蜱属(Otobius spp.)、硬蜱属(Ixodesspp.)、花蜱属(Amblyomma spp.)、牛蜱属(Boophilus spp.)、革蜱属(Dermacentor spp.)、Haemophysalis spp.、璃眼蜱属(Hyalommaspp.)、扇头蜱属(Rhipicephalus spp.)、皮刺螨属(Dermanyssusspp.)、刺利螨属(Raillietia spp.)、肺刺螨属(Pneumonyssus spp.)、胸刺螨属(Sternostoma spp.)、蜂螨属(Varroa spp.)
轴螨目(Actinedida)(前气门亚目(Prostigmata))和粉螨目(Acaridida)(无气门亚目(Astigmata)),例如蜂盾螨属(Acarapisspp.)、姬螯螨属(Cheyletiella spp.)、禽螯螨属(Ornithocheyletiaspp.)、肉螨属(Myobia spp.)、疮螨属(Psorergates spp.)、蠕形螨属(Demodex spp.)、恙螨属(Trombicula spp.)、Listrophorusspp.、粉螨属(Acarus spp.)、食酪螨属(Tyrophagus spp.)、嗜木螨属(Caloglyphus spp.)、颈下螨属(Hypodectes spp.)、翅螨属(Pterolichus spp.)、痒螨属(Psoroptes spp.)、皮螨属(Chorioptesspp.)、耳疥螨属(Otodectes spp.)、疥螨属(Sarcoptes spp.)、耳螨属(Notoedres spp.)、疙螨属(Knemidocoptes spp.)、气囊螨属(Cytodites spp.)、鸡雏螨属(Laminosioptes spp.)。
本发明的式(I)活性化合物/活性化合物结合物也适用于防治侵袭以下动物的节肢动物:农业动物,例如黄牛、绵羊、山羊、马、猪、驴、骆驼、水牛、兔、家鸡、火鸡、鸭、鹅、蜜蜂,其它家养动物,例如狗、猫、笼鸟、观赏鱼,以及所谓的试验动物,例如仓鼠、豚鼠、大鼠和小鼠。通过防治所述节肢动物,旨在减少死亡和产量的降低(肉、奶、毛、皮、蛋、蜜等),从而可通过使用本发明的化合物使畜牧更经济、更简便。
本发明的活性化合物/活性化合物结合物以已知方式用于兽医领域中,可通过例如片剂、胶囊剂、口服饮剂、兽用顿服药、颗粒剂、膏剂、丸剂、喂服(feed-through)法、栓剂的方式进行肠内给药,可通过例如注射(肌内、皮下、静脉、腹膜内等)、植入进行肠外给药,可鼻部给药,可通过例如浸泡或沐浴、喷雾、泼浇和点滴、清洗、撒粉的形式,以及借助于包括活性化合物的模型制品、例如项圈、耳标、尾标、肢体缚带(limb band)、笼头、标识器等进行皮肤给药。
用于家畜、家禽、家养动物等时,式(I)的活性化合物可作为包括1至80重量%的活性化合物的制剂(例如粉剂、乳剂、可流动剂)直接使用或稀释100至10000倍后使用,或可以化学药浴剂(chemical bath)形式使用。
而且,已发现本发明的化合物/活性化合物结合物对毁坏工业材料的昆虫具有强杀昆虫作用。
以实例并且优选而非任何限制性的方式可提出以下昆虫:
甲虫,例如北美家天牛(Hylotrupes bajulus)、Chlorophoruspilosis、家具窃蠹(Anobium punctatum)、报死窃蠹(Xestobiumrufovillosum)、梳角细脉窃蠹(Ptilinus pecticornis)、Dendrobiumpertinex、松窃蠹(Ernobius mollis)、Priobium carpini、褐粉蠹(Lyctus brunneus)、非洲粉蠹(Lyctus africanus)、南方粉蠹(Lyctusplanicollis)、栎粉蠹(Lyctus linearis)、柔毛粉蠹(Lyctuspubescens)、Trogoxylon aequale、鳞毛粉蠹(Minthes rugicollis)、材小蠹种(Xyleborus spec.)、Tryptodendron spec.、咖啡黑长蠹(Apate monachus)、槲长蠹(Bostrychus capucins)、褐异翅长蠹(Heterobostrychus brunneus)、棘长蠹种(Sinoxylon spec.)、竹长蠹(Dinoderus minutus);
革翅目昆虫(Dermapteran),例如大树蜂(Sirex juvencus)、枞大树蜂(Urocerus gigas)、泰加大树蜂(Urocerus gigas taignus)、Urocerus augur;
白蚁,例如欧洲木白蚁(Kalotermes flavicollis)、麻头堆砂白蚁(Cryptotermes brevis)、灰点异白蚁(Heterotermes indicola)、欧美散白蚁(Reticulitermes flavipes)、桑特散白蚁(Reticulitermessantonensis)、南欧网纹白蚁(Reticulitermes lucifugus)、达尔文澳白蚁(Mastotermes darwiniensis)、内华达古白蚁(Zootermopsisnevadensis)、家白蚁(Coptotermes formosanus);
蠹虫(Bristletail),例如衣鱼(Lepisma saccharina)。
本发明中工业材料的含义应理解为非活体(non-living)材料,例如,优选为合成材料、粘合剂、胶料、纸张和板材、皮革、木材和木材制品和涂料。
特别优选保护以防止昆虫侵袭的材料为木材和木材制品。
可由本发明的组合物或含有所述组合物的混合物保护的木材及木材制品的含义应理解为,例如:
建筑木材、木梁、铁路枕木、桥梁组件、码头、木制交通工具、箱、货板、集装箱、电线杆、木制覆层(wood cladding)、木制门窗、胶合板、刨花板、细木工制品,或较常用于房屋建造或建筑木工的木材制品。
该活性化合物结合物可直接使用、以浓缩物或一般常规制剂形式使用,所述常规制剂例如粉末剂、颗粒剂、溶液剂、悬浮剂、乳剂或膏剂。
上面提及的制剂可以本身已知的方式制备,例如将活性化合物与至少一种溶剂或稀释剂、乳化剂、分散剂和/或粘合剂或固定剂、防水剂混合,如果需要还可与干燥剂及UV稳定剂混合,并且如果需要也可与着色剂和颜料以及其它加工助剂混合。
用于保护木材及木材制品的杀虫组合物或浓缩物含有浓度为0.0001至95重量%、特别是0.001至60重量%的本发明活性化合物。
组合物或浓缩物的使用量取决于昆虫的种类、多少以及所在介质。最佳施用率可分别通过一系列的试验而确定。但一般而言,以待保护的材料为基准,使用0.0001至20重量%,优选0.001至10重量%的活性化合物就已足够。
所用的溶剂和/或稀释剂为有机化学溶剂或溶剂混合物,和/或低挥发性的油性或油型有机化学溶剂或溶剂混合物,和/或极性有机化学溶剂或溶剂混合物,和/或水,以及,如果合适还有乳化剂和/或湿润剂。
优选使用的有机化学溶剂为蒸发值(evaporation number)高于35、闪点高于30℃、优选高于45℃的油性或油型溶剂。用作该低挥发性且不溶于水的油性和油型溶剂的物质为适宜的矿物油或其芳香馏分,或含矿物油的溶剂混合物,优选石油溶剂、石油和/或烷基苯。
有利地,可使用沸程170至220℃的矿物油、沸程170至220℃的石油溶剂、沸程250至350℃的锭子油、沸程160至280℃的石油或芳香化合物、松节油等。
在一个优选实施方案中,使用沸程180至210℃的液态脂族烃,或沸程180至220℃的芳香烃与脂族烃的高沸点混合物,和/或锭子油,和/或一氯代萘,优选α-一氯代萘。
蒸发值高于35、闪点高于30℃、优选高于45℃的低挥发性有机油性或油型溶剂,可以部分地用高挥发性或中等挥发性的有机化学溶剂代替,只要溶剂混合物同样也具有高于35的蒸发值和高于30℃、优选高于45℃的闪点,并且所述杀虫剂/杀真菌剂的混合物在该溶剂混合物中可溶或可乳化。
在一个优选实施方案中,部分有机化学溶剂或溶剂混合物或脂族极性有机化学溶剂或溶剂混合物被代替。优选使用含羟基和/或酯基和/或醚基的脂族有机化学溶剂,例如乙二醇醚、酯等。
用于本发明目的的有机化学粘合剂为合成树脂,和/或可在水中稀释和/或可在使用的有机化学溶剂中溶解或分散或乳化的本身已知的粘合干性油(binding drying oil),特别是由以下物质组成或包括以下物质的粘合剂:丙烯酸酯树脂,乙烯基树脂例如聚乙酸乙烯酯,聚酯树脂,缩聚或加聚树脂,聚氨酯树脂,醇酸树脂或改性醇酸树脂,酚树脂,烃类树脂例如茚/苯并呋喃树脂,硅氧烷树脂,干性植物油和/或干性油和/或基于天然和/或合成树脂的物理干性粘合剂。
用作粘合剂的合成树脂可以乳液、分散体或溶液形式使用。沥青或沥青类物质也可用作粘合剂,用量最高为10重量%。此外,还可使用本身均为已知的着色剂、颜料、防水剂、遮味剂以及抑制剂或防蚀剂等等。
依据本发明,组合物或浓缩物优选含有至少一种醇酸树脂或改性醇酸树脂和/或一种干性植物油作为有机化学粘合剂。依据本发明而优选使用油含量高于45重量%、优选50至68重量%的醇酸树脂。
上述粘合剂的部分或全部可被固定剂(混合物)或增塑剂(混合物)代替。所述添加剂旨在防止活性化合物挥发和结晶或沉淀。所述添加剂优选代替0.01至30%的粘合剂(以所使用的粘合剂为100%计)。
增塑剂源于以下化学类别:邻苯二甲酸酯,例如邻苯二甲酸二丁酯、邻苯二甲酸二辛酯或邻苯二甲酸苯甲基丁基酯;磷酸酯,例如磷酸三丁酯;己二酸酯,例如己二酸二(2-乙基己基)酯;硬脂酸酯,例如硬脂酸丁酯或硬脂酸戊酯;油酸酯,例如油酸丁酯;丙三醇醚或相对高分子量的乙二醇醚、丙三醇酯以及对甲苯磺酸酯。
固定剂化学上基于聚乙烯烷基醚,例如聚乙烯基甲基醚,或基于酮,例如二苯甲酮和亚乙基二苯甲酮。
特别合适的溶剂或稀释剂也可为水,如果合适,还可与一种或多种上述有机化学溶剂或稀释剂、乳化剂以及分散剂形成混合物。
特别有效的木材保护通过工业规模的浸渍工艺而完成,例如真空、双真空或加压工艺。
如果合适,即用的组合物也可另外含其它的杀虫剂,而且如果合适也可含一种或多种杀真菌剂。
可用于混合的适宜的其它组分优选为WO 94/29 268中提到的杀虫剂和杀菌剂。该文本中提到的化合物明确地作为本申请的一部分。
用于混合的极特别优选的组分为杀虫剂,例如毒死蜱(chlorpyrifos)、辛硫磷(phoxim)、氟硅菊酯(silafluofin)、顺式氯氰菊酯(alphamethrin)、氟氯氰菊酯(cyfluthrin)、氯氰菊酯(cypermethrin)、溴氰菊酯、氯菊酯(permethrin)、吡虫啉、啶虫脒(NI-25)、氟虫脲、氟铃脲、四氟苯菊酯(transfluthrin)、噻虫啉(thiacloprid)、methoxyphenoxid、杀虫隆、clothianidin、多杀菌素、七氟菊酯,
以及杀菌剂,例如氧唑菌(epoxyconazole)、己唑醇(hexaconazole)、氧环唑(azaconazole)、丙环唑(propiconazole)、戊唑醇(tebuconazole)、环丙唑醇(cyproconazole)、叶菌唑(metconazole)、抑霉唑(imazalil)、苯氟磺胺(dichlorfluanid)、甲苯氟磺胺(tolyfluanid)、氨基甲酸3-碘-2-丙炔基丁酯、N-辛基-异噻唑啉-3-酮和4,5-二氯-N-辛基异噻唑啉-3-酮。
同时,本发明的活性化合物结合物可用于保护与盐水或微咸水接触的物体,特别是船体、筛、网、建筑物、系泊设备及信号系统,以防产生污垢。
由固着性的寡毛纲(Oligochaeta)动物例如龙介虫科(Serpulidae),以及由贝壳(shell)及Ledamorpha种群(鹅茗荷(goosebarnacles)),例如各种茗荷属(Lepas)种及铠茗荷属(Scalpellum)种,或由藤壶(Balanomorpha)种群(藤壶(acorn barnacles)),例如藤壶属(Balanus)种或龟足属(Pollicipes)种引起的污垢,会增加船只的摩擦阻力,结果由于更高的能量消耗和在干船坞上额外的频繁停靠导致运转成本显著增加。
除了藻类,例如水云属(Ectocarpus sp.)和角藻属(Ceramium sp.)引起的污垢之外,由归入总称为蔓足纲(Cirripedia)(甲壳纲的蔓足亚纲动物(cirriped crustaceans))的固着性Entomostraka群引起的污垢亦特别重要。
令人惊奇地,现已发现单独使用或与其它活性化合物组合使用时,本发明的化合物具有显著的防污作用。
单独或与其它活性化合物组合使用本发明的化合物可避免使用重金属,例如存在于以下化合物中的重金属:双(三烷基锡)硫化物、三-正丁基锡月桂酸盐、三正丁基氯化锡、氧化亚铜(I)、三乙基氯化锡、三正丁基-(2-苯基-4-氯苯氧基)锡、三丁基氧化锡、二硫化钼、氧化锑、钛酸丁酯聚合物、苯基(双吡啶)氯化铋、三正丁基氟化锡、亚乙基双硫代氨基甲酸锰(manganese ethylenebisthiocarbamate)、二甲基二硫代氨基甲酸锌、亚乙基双硫代氨基甲酸锌、2-吡啶硫醇-1-氧锌盐和2-吡啶硫醇-1-氧铜盐、亚乙基二硫代氨基甲酸-双二甲基二硫代氨基甲酰锌(bisdimethyldithiocarbamoylzincethylenebisthiocarbamate)、氧化锌、亚乙基双二硫代氨基甲酸亚铜(copper(I)ethylenebi sdithiocarbamate)、硫氰酸铜、环烷酸铜和三丁锡卤化物,或显著降低上述化合物的浓度。
如果合适,即用的防污涂料可另外包括其它活性化合物,优选杀藻剂、杀真菌剂、除草剂、杀软体动物剂或其它防污活性化合物。
适合与本发明的防污组合物结合的组分优选为:
杀藻剂,例如
2-叔丁基氨基-4-环丙基氨基-6-甲硫基-1,3,5-三嗪、双氯酚、敌草隆(diuron)、菌多酸(endothal)、三苯基乙酸锡、异丙隆(isoproturon)、甲基苯噻隆(methabenzthiazuron)、乙氧氟草醚(oxyfluorfen)、灭藻醌(quinoclamine)和特丁净(terbutryn);
杀真菌剂,例如:
苯并[b]噻吩羧酸环己基酰胺-S,S-二氧化物、苯氟磺胺(dichlofluanid)、fluorfolpet、丁基氨基甲酸3-碘-2-丙炔酯、甲苯氟磺胺(tolylfluanid)和吡咯类例如:
氧环唑(azaconazole)、环丙唑醇(cyproconazole)、氧唑菌(epoxyconazole)、己唑醇(hexaconazole)、叶菌唑(metconazole)、丙环唑(propiconazole)和戊唑醇(tebuconazole);
杀软体动物剂,例如:
三苯基乙酸锡、蜗牛敌(metaldehyde)、甲硫威(methiocarb)、杀螺胺(niclosamid)、硫双灭多威和混杀威;Fe螯合剂;
或常规防污活性化合物,例如
4,5-二氯-2-辛基-4-异噻唑啉-3-酮、diiodomethylparatryl砜,2-(N,N-二甲基硫代氨基甲酰基硫)-5-硝基噻唑基(2-(N,N-dimethylthiocarbamoylthio)-5-nitrothiazyl),2-吡啶硫醇-1-氧钾盐、铜盐、钠盐和锌盐,吡啶-三苯基甲硼烷,四丁基二锡环氧乙烷,2,3,5,6-四氯-4-(甲磺酰基)吡啶,2,4,5,6-四氯间苯二腈,二硫化四甲基秋兰姆和2,4,6-三氯苯基马来酰亚胺。
依据本发明的化合物发明所用的防污组合物包含0.001至50重量%、特别是0.01至20重量%浓度的活性化合物。
此外,本发明的防污组合物还包含例如Ungerer,Chem.Ind.1985,37,730-732和Williams,Antifouling Marine Coatings,Noyes,ParkRidge,1973中所述的常规组分。
除包括本发明的杀藻、杀真菌、杀软体动物活性化合物和杀虫活性化合物之外,防污涂料还特别包含粘合剂。
公认粘合剂的实例有:溶剂体系中的聚氯乙烯,溶剂体系中的氯化橡胶,溶剂体系特别是水体系中的丙烯酸树脂,水分散体形式或有机溶剂体系形式的氯乙烯/乙酸乙烯酯共聚物体系,丁二烯/苯乙烯/丙烯腈橡胶,干性油例如亚麻子油,树脂酯或与焦油或沥青、柏油和环氧化合物结合的改性硬树脂,少量氯化橡胶、氯化聚丙烯及乙烯基树脂。
如果合适,涂料还包含优选不溶于海水的无机颜料、有机颜料或着色剂。此外涂料可包含使活性化合物控释的物质,例如松香。涂料还可包含增塑剂、影响流变学特性的改性剂和其它常规组分。本发明的化合物或上述混合物也可包含于自抛光防污体系中。
本发明的活性化合物结合物亦适于防治封闭空间内发现的有害动物,特别是昆虫、蛛形纲动物和螨虫,所述封闭空间包括例如住所、工厂车间、办公室、交通工具工作间(vehicle cabin)等。它们可单独或与其它活性化合物和助剂结合用于防治所述害虫的家用杀虫产品中。它们对敏感和抗性物种以及全部发育阶段均有效。所述害虫包括:
蝎目(Scorpionidea),例如地中海黄蝎(Buthus occitanus)。
蜱螨目(Acarina),例如波斯锐缘蜱(Arga spersicus)、鸽锐缘蜱(Argas reflexus)、苔螨亚种(Bryobia ssp.)、鸡皮刺螨(Dermanyssus gallinae)、家嗜甜螨(Glyciphagus domesticus)、非洲钝缘蜱(Ornithodorus moubat)、血红扇头蜱(Rhipicephalussanguineus)、阿氏真恙螨(Trombicula alfreddugesi)、Neutrombiculaautumnalis、特嗜皮螨(Dermatophagoides pteronissimus)、法嗜皮螨(Dermatophagoides forinae);
蜘蛛目(Araneae),例如捕鸟蛛(Aviculariidae)、圆蛛(Araneidae);
盲蛛目(Opiliones),例如螯蝎(Pseudoscorpiones chelifer)、Pseudoscorpiones cheiridium、长踦盲蛛(Opiliones phalangium);
等足目,例如栉水虱、球鼠妇;
倍足目,例如Blaniulus guttulatus、山蛩虫(Polydesmus spp.);
唇足目,例如地蜈蚣(Geophilus spp.)。
衣鱼目(Zygentoma),例如栉衣鱼属(Ctenolepisma spp.)、衣鱼、盗火虫(Lepismodes inquilinus)。
蜚蠊目,例如东方蜚蠊、德国蠊、亚洲蠊(Blattella asahinai)、马德拉蜚蠊、角腹蠊属(Panchlora spp.)、木蠊属(Parcoblatta spp.)、澳洲大蠊(Periplaneta australasiae)、美洲大蠊、大褐大蠊(Periplaneta brunnea)、烟色大蠊(Periplaneta fuliginosa)、棕带蜚蠊(Supella longipalpa);
跳跃亚目(Saltatoria),例如家蟋;
革翅目,例如欧洲球螋;
等翅目,例如木白蚁属(Kalotermes spp.)、散白蚁属;
啮虫目(Psocoptera),例如Lepinatus spp.、粉啮虫属(Liposcelisspp.);
鞘翅目,例如圆皮蠹属、毛皮蠹属、皮蠹属、长头谷盗(Latheticusoryzae)、隐跗郭公虫属(Necrobia spp.)、蛛甲属、谷蠹、谷象(Sitophilus granarius)、米象(Sitophilus oryzae)、玉米象(Sitophilus zeamais)、药材甲(Stegobium paniceum);
双翅目,例如埃及伊蚊(Aedes aegypti)、白纹伊蚊(Aedesalbopictus)、带喙伊蚊(Aedes taeniorhynchus)、按蚊属、红头丽蝇、高额麻虻(Chrysozona pluvialis)、五带淡色库蚊(Culexquinquefasciatus)、尖音库蚊(Culexpipiens)、环喙库蚊(Culextarsalis)、果蝇属(Drosophila spp.)、夏厕蝇(Fannia canicularis)、家蝇(Musca domestica)、白蛉属、Sarcophaga carnaria、蚋属、厩螫蝇(Stomoxys calcitrans)、欧洲大蚊;
鳞翅目,例如小蜡螟(Achroia grisella)、大蜡螟、印度谷螟(Plodia interpunctella)、木塞谷蛾(Tinea cloacella)、袋谷蛾、幕谷蛾;
蚤目,例如犬栉首蚤(Ctenocephalides canis)、猫栉首蚤(Ctenocephalides felis)、人蚤(Pulexirritans)、穿皮潜蚤(Tungapenetrans)、印鼠客蚤;
膜翅目,例如广布弓背蚁(Camponotus herculeanus)、黑臭蚁(Lasius fuliginosus)、黑蚁(Lasius niger)、Lasius umbratus、小家蚁、Paravespula spp.、铺道蚁(Tetramorium caespitum),
虱目(Anoplura),例如头虱(Pediculus humanus capitis)、体虱、阴虱(Phthirus pubis);
异翅目,例如热带臭虫(Cimex hemipterus)、温带臭虫、长红猎蝽、侵扰锥猎蝽(Triatoma infestans)。
在家用杀虫剂领域可单独使用也可与其它合适的活性化合物结合使用,上述合适的活性化合物例如磷酸酯、氨基甲酸酯、拟除虫菊酯、新烟碱类、生长调节剂或来自其它已知的杀虫剂种类的活性化合物。
施用可以以下产品的形式进行:气雾剂、无压喷雾(pressure-freespray)产品例如泵及雾化器(atomizer)喷雾、自动弥雾系统、烟雾剂、泡沫剂、凝胶剂、具有由纤维素或聚合物制得的蒸发片(evaporatorteblet)的蒸发产品、液体蒸发器、凝胶和薄膜蒸发剂、推进剂驱动的蒸发剂、无动力(energy-free)或无源(passive)蒸发系统、捕蛾纸、捕蛾袋和捕蛾胶,以及作为颗粒剂或粉末剂用于抛撒的饵料中或毒饵站(bait station)中。
本发明的活性化合物/活性化合物结合物也可用作脱叶剂、干燥剂、除茎叶剂(haulm killer)以及特别是除杂草剂。最广义的杂草的含义应理解为在不需要其的地方生长的所有植物。本发明的物质用作非选择性还是选择性除草剂,主要取决于施用率。
本发明的活性化合物/活性化合物结合物可用于例如以下植物:
以下属的双子叶杂草:白麻属(Abutilon)、苋属(Amaranthus)、豚草属(Ambrosia)、Anoda、春黄菊属(Anthemis)、Aphanes、滨藜属(Atriplex)、雏菊属(Bellis)、鬼针属(Bidens)、荠属(Capsella)、飞廉属(Carduus)、决明属(Cassia)、矢车菊属(Centaurea)、藜属(Chenopodium)、蓟属(Cirsium)、旋花属(Convolvulus)、曼陀罗属(Datura)、山蚂蝗属(Desmodium)、刺酸模属(Emex)、糖芥属(Erysimum)、大戟属(Euphorbia)、鼬瓣花属(Galeopsis)、牛膝菊属(Galinsoga)、拉拉藤属(Galium)、芙蓉属(Hibiscus)、番薯属(Ipomoea)、地肤属(Kochia)、野芝麻属(Lamium)、独行菜属(Lepidium)、母草属(Lindernia)、母菊属(Matricaria)、薄荷属(Mentha)、山靛属(Mercurialis)、Mullugo、勿忘我属(Myosotis)、罂粟属(Papaver)、牵牛属(Pharbitis)、车前属(Plantago)、蓼属(Polygonum)、马齿苋属(Portulaca)、毛茛属(Ranunculus)、萝卜属(Raphanus)、蔊菜属(Rorippa)、节节菜属(Rotala)、酸模属(Rumex)、猪毛菜属(Salsola)、千里光属(Senecio)、田菁属(Sesbania)、黄花稔属(Sida)、白芥属(Sinapis)、茄属(Solanum)、苦苣菜属(Sonchus)、尖瓣花属(Sphenoclea)、繁缕属(Stellaria)、蒲公英属(Taraxacum)、菥蓂属(Thlaspi)、车轴草属(Trifolium)、荨麻属(Urtica)、婆婆纳属(Veronica)、堇菜属(Viola)、苍耳属(Xanthium);
以下属的双子叶作物:花生属(Arachis)、甜菜属(Beta)、芸苔属(Brassica)、黄瓜属(Cucumis)、南瓜属(Cucurbita)、向日葵属(Helianthus)、胡萝卜属(Daucus)、大豆属(Glycine)、棉属(Gossypium)、番薯属(Ipomoea)、莴苣属(Lactuca)、亚麻属(Linum)、番茄属(Lycopersicon)、烟草属(Nicotiana)、菜豆属(Phaseolus)、豌豆属(Pisum)、茄属(Solanum)、蚕豆属(Vicia);
以下属的单子叶杂草:山羊草属(Aegilops)、冰草属(Agropvron)、剪股颖属(Agrostis)、看麦娘属(Alopecurus)、Apera、燕麦属(Avena)、臂形草属(Brachiaria)、雀麦属(Bromus)、蒺藜草属(Cenchrus)、鸭跖草属(Commelina)、狗牙根属(Cynodon)、莎草属(Cyperus)、龙爪茅属(Dactyloctenium)、马唐属(Digitaria)、稗属(Echinochloa)、荸荠属(Eleocharis)、蟋蟀草属(Eleusine)、画眉草属(Eragrostis)、野黍属(Eriochloa)、羊茅属(Festuca)、飘拂草属(Fimbristylis)、异蕊花属(Heteranthera)、白茅属(Imperata)、鸭嘴草属(Ischaemum)、千金子属(Leptochloa)、黑麦草属(Lolium)、雨久花属(Monochoria)、黍属(Panicum)、雀稗属(Paspalum)、虉草属(Phalaris)、梯牧草属(Phleum)、早熟禾属(Poa)、筒轴茅属(Rottboellia)、慈姑属(Sagittaria)、莞草属(Scirpus)、狗尾草属(Setaria)、高粱属(Sorghum);
以下属的单子叶作物:葱属(Allium)、凤梨属(Ananas)、天门冬属(Asparagus)、燕麦属(Avena)、大麦属(Hordeum)、稻属(Oryza)、黍属(Panicum)、甘蔗属(Saccharum)、黑麦属(Secale)、高粱属(Sorghum)、小黑麦属(Triticale)、小麦属(Triticum)、玉蜀黍属(Zea)。
然而,本发明活性化合物/活性化合物结合物的使用决不仅限于上述属,而是以相同的方式推广至其它植物。
依据浓度,本发明的活性化合物/活性化合物结合物适于在例如工业地带和铁道以及有树和无树的道路和场所中用于非选择性防治杂草。同样,本发明的活性化合物也可用于防治多年生作物中的杂草,以及选择性防治一年生作物中的杂草;所述多年生作物包括例如森林、观赏树木栽植、果园、葡萄园、柑桔林、坚果林、香蕉种植园、咖啡种植园、茶叶种植园、橡胶种植园、油椰种植园、可可种植园、浆果(soft fruit)种植园和蛇麻草田(hop field)、草地、草坪和草场。
本发明的式(I)化合物/活性化合物结合物在用于土壤和地上植物部位时,具有很强的除草活性和很宽的作用谱。某种程度上,它们还适于选择性防治单子叶和双子叶作物中的单子叶和双子叶杂草,出苗前和出苗后均可。
本发明的活性化合物/活性化合物结合物也可以一定浓度或施用率用于防治动物害虫以及真菌或细菌植物病害。如果合适,它们还可用作合成其它活性化合物的中间体或前体。
本发明的活性化合物/活性化合物结合物可转化为常规制剂,例如溶液、乳剂、可湿性粉剂、悬浮剂、粉剂、喷粉剂、膏剂、可溶性粉剂、颗粒、悬乳浓缩剂、用活性化合物浸渍过的天然和合成材料以及聚合物中的微胶囊。
这些制剂以已知方式制备,例如将活性化合物与填充剂混合,即与液体溶剂和/或固体载体混合,同时可任选使用表面活性剂,即乳化剂和/或分散剂和/或发泡剂。
若使用的填充剂为水,还可使用例如有机溶剂作为助溶剂。适合的液体溶剂主要有:芳香族化合物,例如二甲苯、甲苯或烷基萘;氯化芳香族化合物和氯化脂族烃,例如氯苯、氯乙烯或二氯甲烷;脂族烃,例如环己烷或石蜡,如石油馏分;矿物油和植物油;醇,例如丁醇或乙二醇及其醚和酯;酮,例如丙酮、甲乙酮、甲基异丁基酮或环己酮;强极性溶剂,例如二甲基甲酰胺和二甲基亚砜;以及水。
适合的固体载体为:例如铵盐和粉碎的天然矿物,例如高岭土、粘土、滑石、白垩、石英、凹凸棒石、蒙脱石或硅藻土,以及粉碎的合成矿物,例如研细的二氧化硅、氧化铝和硅酸盐;适用于颗粒剂的固体载体有:例如粉碎并分级的天然岩石,例如方解石、大理石、浮石、海泡石和白云石,以及合成的无机和有机粉颗粒,以及有机物颗粒例如锯木屑、椰壳、玉米穗轴和烟草茎;适合的乳化剂和/或发泡剂为:例如非离子和阴离子乳化剂,如聚氧乙烯脂肪酸酯、聚氧乙烯脂肪醇醚例如烷基芳基聚乙二醇醚、烷基磺酸盐、烷基硫酸盐、芳基磺酸盐和蛋白质水解产物;适合的分散剂包括:例如木素亚硫酸盐废液和甲基纤维素。
制剂中可使用增粘剂,例如羧甲基纤维素以及粉末、颗粒或胶乳状的天然和合成聚合物,例如阿拉伯树胶、聚乙烯醇和聚乙酸乙烯酯,以及天然磷脂例如脑磷脂和卵磷脂,和合成磷脂。其它添加剂可以是矿物油和植物油。
可使用着色剂,例如无机颜料,如氧化铁、氧化钛和普鲁士蓝,以及有机着色剂,例如茜素着色剂、偶氮着色剂和金属酞菁着色剂,以及微量营养素例如铁盐、锰盐、硼盐、铜盐、钴盐、钼盐和锌盐。
制剂一般包括0.1至95重量%、优选0.5至90重量%的活性化合物。
本发明的活性化合物/活性化合物结合物也可以其本身或其制剂的形式与已知的除草剂和/或改善作物植物耐受性的物质(“安全剂”)混合用于杂草防治目的,可事先混合或桶内混合(tank mix)。从而也可与含有一种或多种已知除草剂和安全剂的除草剂产品混合。
适于混合的除草剂为已知除草剂,例如:
乙草胺(acetochlor)、三氟羧草醚(acifluorfen(-sodium))、苯草醚(aclonifen)、甲草胺(alachlor)、禾草灭(alloxydim(-sodium))、莠灭净(ametryne)、氨唑草酮(amicarbazone)、先甲草胺(amidochlor)、酰嘧磺隆(amidosulfuron)、氨草啶(aminopyralid)、莎稗磷(anilofos)、磺草灵(asulam)、莠去津(atrazine)、唑啶草酮(azafenidin)、四唑嘧磺隆(azimsulfuron),
氟丁酰草胺(beflubutamid)、草除灵(benazolin(-ethyl))、呋草黄(benfuresate)、苄嘧磺隆(bensulfuron(-methyl))、灭草松(bentazone)、bencarbazone、双苯嘧草酮(benzfendizone)、双环磺草酮(benzobicyclon)、吡草酮(benzofenap)、新燕灵(benzoylprop(-ethyl))、双丙氨膦(bialaphos)、甲羧除草醚(bifenox)、双草醚(bispyribac(-sodium))、溴丁酰草胺(bromobutide)、溴酚污(bromofenoxim)、溴苯腈(bromoxynil)、丁草胺(butachlor)、氟丙嘧草酯(butafenacil(-allyl))、丁苯草酮(butroxydim)、丁草敌(butylate),
唑草胺(cafenstrole)、醌肟草(caloxydim)、双酰草胺(carbetamide)、唑草酯(carfentrazone(-ethyl))、甲氧除草醚(chlomethoxyfen)、草灭畏(chloramben)、氯草敏(chloridazon)、氯嘧磺隆(chlorimuron(-ethyl))、草枯醚(chlornitrofen)、氯磺隆(chlorsulfuron)、绿麦隆(chlortoluron)、吲哚酮草酯(cinidon(-ethyl))、环庚草醚(cinmethylin)、醚磺隆(cinosulfuron)、环苯草酮(clefoxyd im)、烯草酮(clethodim)、炔草酸(clodinafop(-propargyl))、异恶草松(clomazone)、氯甲酰草胺(clomeprop)、二氯吡啶酸(clopyralid)、clopyrasulfuron(-methyl)、氯酯磺草胺(cloransulam(-methyl))、苄草隆、氰草津(cyanazine)、cybutryne、环草敌(cycloate)、环丙嘧磺隆(cyclosulfamuron)、噻草酮(cycloxydim)、氰氟草酯(cyhalofop(-butyl)),
2,4-D、2,4-DB、甜菜安(desmedipham)、燕麦敌(diallate)、麦草畏、精2,4-滴丙酸(dichlorprop(-P))、禾草灵(diclofop(-methyl))、双氯磺草胺(diclosulam)、乙酰甲草胺(diethatyl(-ethyl))、野燕枯(difenzoquat)、吡氟酰草胺(diflufenican)、氟吡草腙(diflufenzopyr)、恶唑隆(dimefuron)、哌草丹、二甲草胺(dimethachlor)、异戊乙净(dimethametryn)、二甲吩草胺(dimethenamid)、dimexyflam、氨氟灵(dinitramine)、双苯酰草胺(diphenamid)、敌草快(diquat)、氟硫草定(dithiopyr)、敌草隆(diuron)、杀草隆,
epropodan、EPTC、戊草丹(esprocarb)、乙丁烯氟灵(ethalfluralin)、胺苯磺隆(ethametsulfuron(-methyl))、乙氧呋草黄(ethofumesate)、氟乳醚(ethoxyfen)、乙氧嘧磺隆(ethoxysulfuron)、乙氧苯草胺(etobenzanid),
精恶唑禾草灵(fenoxaprop(-P-ethyl))、四唑酰草胺(fentrazamide)、麦草氟(异丙酯、异丙酯-L、甲酯)(flamprop(-isopropyl,-isopropyl-L,-methyl))、啶嘧磺隆(flazasulfuron)、双氟磺草胺(florasulam)、精吡氟禾草灵(fluazifop(-P-butyl))、异丙吡草酯(fluazolate)、氟酮磺隆(flucarbazone(-sodium))、氟噻草胺(flufenacet)、唑嘧磺草胺(flumetsulam)、氟烯草酸(flumiclorac(-pentyl))、丙炔氟草胺(flumioxazin)、flumipropyn、唑嘧磺草胺(flumetsulam)、氟草隆(fluometuron)、氟咯草酮(fluorochloridone)、乙羧氟草醚(fluoroglycofen(-ethyl))、氟胺草唑(flupoxam)、flupropacil、flurpyrsulfuron(-methyl,-sodium)、芴丁酯(flurenol(-butyl))、氟啶草酮(fluridone)、氯氟吡氧乙酸(-丁氧基丙基,-meptyl)(fluroxypyr(-butoxypropyl,-meptyl))、呋嘧醇(flurprimidol)、呋草酮(flurtamone)、氟噻乙草酯(fluthiacet(-methyl))、fluthiamide、氟磺胺草醚(fomesafen)、甲酰氨磺隆(foramsulfuron)、草铵膦(glufosinate(-ammonium))、草甘膦异丙胺盐(glyphosate(-isopropylammonium),
氟硝磺酰胺(halosafen)、氟吡禾灵(吡氟氯禾灵、精吡氟氯禾灵)(haloxyfop(-ethoxyethyl,-P-methyl))、环嗪酮(hexazinone)、HOK-201,
咪草酸(imazamethabenz(-methyl))、imazamethapyr、氧咪草烟(imazamox)、imazapic、咪唑烟酸(imazapyr)、咪唑喹啉酸(imazaquin)、咪唑乙烟酸(imazethapyr)、唑吡嘧磺隆(imazosulfuron)、碘甲磺隆钠盐(iodosulfuron(-methyl,-sodium))、碘苯腈(ioxynil)、异丙乐灵(isopropalin)、异丙隆(isoproturon)、异恶隆(isouron)、异恶酰草胺(isoxaben)、异恶氯草酮(isoxachlortole)、异恶唑草酮(isoxaflutole)、异恶草醚(isoxapyrifop),
KIH 485,
乳氟禾草灵(lactofen)、环草定(lenacil)、利谷隆(linuron),
MCPA、2甲4氯丙酸、苯噻酰草胺(mefenacet)、甲基二磺隆(mesosulfuron)、甲基磺草酮(mesotrione)、恶唑酰草胺(metamifop)、苯嗪草酮(metamitron)、吡唑草胺(metazachlor)、甲基苯噻隆(methabenzthiazuron)、吡喃隆(metobenzuron)、溴谷隆(metobromuron)、α-异丙甲草胺((alpha-)metolachlor)、磺草唑胺(metosulam)、甲氧隆(metoxuron)、嗪草酮(metribuzin)、甲磺隆(metsulfuron(-methyl))、禾草敌(molinate)、绿谷隆(monolinuron),
萘丙胺(naproanilide)、敌草胺(napropamide)、草不隆(neburon)、烟嘧磺隆(nicosulfuron)、氟草敏(norflurazon),
坪草丹(orbencarb)、嘧苯胺磺隆(orthosulfamuron)、氨磺乐灵(oryzalin)、丙炔恶草酮(oxadiargyl)、恶草酮(oxadiazon)、环氧嘧磺隆(oxasulfuron)、恶嗪草酮(oxaziclomefone)、乙氧氟草醚(oxyfluorfen),
百草枯(paraquat)、壬酸(pelargonic acid)、二甲戊灵(pendimethalin)、pendralin、penoxsulam、环戊恶草酮(pentoxazone)、甜菜宁(phenmedipham)、氟吡酰草胺(picolinafen)、pinoxaden、哌草磷(piperophos)、丙草胺(pretilachlor)、氟嘧磺隆(primisulfuron(-methyl))、氟唑草胺(profluazol)、扑草净(prometryn)、毒草胺(propachlor)、敌稗(propanil)、恶草酸(propaquizafop)、异丙草胺(propisochlor)、propoxycarbazone(-sodium)、炔苯酰草胺(propyzamide)、苄草丹(prosulfocarb)、氟磺隆(prosulfuron)、吡草醚(pyraflufen(-ethyl))、pyrasulfotole、双唑草腈(pyrazogyl)、吡唑特(pyrazolate)、吡嘧磺隆(pyrazosulfuron(-ethyl))、苄草唑(pyrazoxyfen)、嘧啶肟草醚(pyribenzoxim)、稗草丹(pyributicarb)、哒草特(pyridate)、pyridatol、环酯草醚(pyriftalide)、嘧草醚(pyriminobac(-methyl))、pyrimisulfan、嘧草硫醚(pyrithiobac(-sodium)),
二氯喹啉酸(quinchlorac)、氯甲喹啉酸(quinmerac)、灭藻醌(quinoclamine)、喹禾灵(精喹禾灵、喹禾糖酯)(quizalofop(-P-ethyl,-P-tefuryl)),
砜嘧磺隆(rimsulfuron),
烯禾啶(sethoxydim)、西玛津(simazine)、西草净(simetryn)、磺草酮(sulcotrione)、甲磺草胺(sulfentrazone)、甲嘧磺隆(sulfometuron(-methyl))、草甘膦(sulfosate)、磺酰磺隆(sulfosulfuron),
牧草胺(tebutam)、丁噻隆(tebuthiuron)、tembotrione、tepraloxydim、特丁津(terbuthylazine)、特丁净(terbutryn)、噻吩草胺(thenylchlor)、thiafluamide、噻唑烟酸(thiazopyr)、噻二唑草胺(thidiazimin)、噻吩磺隆(thifensulfuron(-methyl))、禾草丹(thiobencarb)、仲草丹(tiocarbazil)、topramezone、三甲苯草酮(tralkoxydim)、野燕畏(triallate)、醚苯磺隆(triasulfuron)、苯磺隆(tribenuron(-methyl))、三氯吡氧乙酸(triclopyr)、灭草环(tridiphane)、氟乐灵(trifluralin)、三氟啶磺隆(trifloxysulfuron)、氟胺磺隆(triflusulfuron(-methyl))、三氟甲磺隆(tritosulfuron)和
也可与其它已知活性化合物混合,例如杀真菌剂、杀昆虫剂、杀螨虫剂、杀线虫剂、驱鸟剂、植物营养素和土壤结构改良剂。
本发明的活性化合物/活性化合物结合物可以其本身、其制剂形式或由其通过进一步稀释制备的使用形式,例如即用的溶液、悬浮剂、乳剂、粉剂、膏剂和颗粒施用。它们以常规方式施用,例如泼浇、喷雾、雾化(atomizing)、抛撒(spreading)。
本发明的活性化合物/活性化合物结合物既可在植物出苗前、也可在植物出苗后施用。还可在种植前将其混入土壤中。
本发明活性化合物的施用率可在相当宽的范围内变化。这本质上取决于所需药效的性质。一般而言,施用率为每公顷土地面积1g至10kg的活性化合物,优选每公顷5g至5kg。
本发明的物质/活性化合物结合物具有较强的杀微生物活性并可用于在作物保护和材料保护中防治不想要的微生物,例如真菌和细菌。
可使用杀真菌剂在作物保护中用于防治根肿菌(Plasmodiophoromycetes)、卵菌(Oomycetes)、壶菌(Chytridiomycetes)、接合菌(Zygomycetes)、子囊菌(Ascomycetes)、担子菌(Basidiomycetes)及半知菌(Deuteromycetes)。
杀细菌剂可在作物保护中用于防治假单孢菌(Pseudomonadaceae)、根瘤菌(Rhizobiaceae)、Enterobacteriaceae、Corynebacteriaceae以及链霉菌(Streptomycetaceae)。
作为实例可以非限制的方式提出以下归入上述属名的一些导致真菌病害和细菌病害的病原体:
黄单胞菌属(Xanthomonas)菌种,例如水稻白叶枯病菌(Xanthomonas campestris pv.oryzae);
假单胞菌(Pseudomonas)菌种,例如丁香假单胞菌(pseudomonassyringae pv.lachrymans);
欧文氏菌属(Erwinia)菌种,例如梨火疫菌(Erwinia amylovora);
腐霉(Pythium)菌种,例如终极腐霉(Pythium ultimum);
疫霉(Phytophthora)菌种,例如致病疫霉(Phytophthorainfestans);
假霜霉(Pseudoperonospora)菌种,例如草假霜霉(Pseudoperonospora humuli)或古巴假霜霉(Pseudoperonosporacubensis);
轴霜霉(Plasmopara)菌种,例如葡萄生轴霜霉(Plasmoparaviticola);
盘霜霉(Bremia)菌种,例如莴苣盘霜霉(Bremia lactucae);
霜霉(Peronospora)菌种,例如豌豆霜霉(Peronospora pisi)或十字花科霜霉(P.brassicae);
白粉菌(Erysiphe)属种,例如禾谷白粉菌(Erysiphe graminis);
单囊壳属(Sphaerotheca)属种,例如凤仙花单囊壳(Sphaerothecafuliginea);
叉丝单囊壳属(Podosphaera)属种,例如白叉丝单囊壳(Podosphaera leucotricha);
黑星菌属(Venturia)属种,例如苹果黑星病菌(Venturiainaequalis);
核腔菌属(Pyrenophora)属种,例如圆核腔菌(Pyrenophora teres)或麦类核腔菌(P.graminea)(分生孢子形式:Drechslera,Syn:Helminthosporium);
旋孢腔菌属(Cochliobolus)属种,例如禾旋孢腔菌(Cochliobolussativus)(分生孢子形式:Drechslera,Syn:Helminthosporium);
单胞锈菌属(Uromyces)属种,例如疣顶单胞锈菌(Uromycesappendiculatus);
柄锈菌(Puccinia)属种,例如隐匿柄锈菌(Puccinia recondita);
核盘菌属(Sclerotinia)属种,例如油菜菌核病菌(Sclerotiniasclerotiorum);
腥黑粉菌属(Tilletia)属种,例如小麦网腥黑粉菌(Tilletiacaries);
黑粉菌(Ustilago)属种,例如裸黑粉菌(Ustilago nuda)或燕麦黑粉菌(Ustilago avenae);
薄膜革菌属(Pellicularia)属种,例如佐佐木薄膜革菌(Pellicularia sasakii);
梨孢(Pyricularia)属种,例如稻梨孢(Pyricularia oryzae);
镰孢属(Fusarium)属种,例如黄色镰孢(Fusarium culmorum);
葡萄孢属(Botrytis)属种,例如灰葡萄孢(Botrytis cinerea);
壳针孢属(Septoria)属种,例如颖枯壳针孢(Septoria nodorum);
小球腔菌属(Leptosphaeria)属种,例如Leptosphaeria nodorum;
尾孢属(Cercospora)属种,例如变灰尾孢(Cercosporacanescens);
链格孢属(Alternaria)属种,例如芸薹链格孢(Alternariabrassicae);及
假小尾孢属(Pseudocercosporella)属种,例如小麦基腐病菌(Pseudocercosporella herpotrichoides)。
本发明的活性化合物结合物在植物体内还具有极好的激发作用。因此,它们还适用于调动植物的防御系统抵抗有害微生物的侵袭。
在本发明中,植物激发(抗性诱发)物质应被理解为这样的物质,它们能够激发植物的防御系统,从而,当经处理的植物之后被不想要的微生物接种时,所述植物表现出对上述微生物显著的抵抗性。
在本发明中,不想要的微生物应被理解为植物致病真菌、细菌和病毒。因此,本发明的物质可用于在处理后的某段时间内保护植物抵抗所述病原体的侵袭。所获得的保护作用的时间通常为自以活性化合物处理植物起延续1至10天,优选1至7天。
本发明的活性化合物/活性化合物结合物在防治植物病害所需浓度下具有的良好的植物耐受性,这就使得可对植物的地上部分、离体繁殖株(propagation stock)、种子以及土壤进行处理。
本发明的活性化合物还适于提高农作物的产量。此外,它们还表现出低毒性以及良好的植物耐受性。
如果合适,本发明的活性化合物/活性化合物结合物还可以在某些浓度和施用率下用作除草剂,以调节植物生长,并防治动物害虫。如果合适,它们还可用作合成其它活性化合物的中间体或前体。
在材料的保护中,本发明的化合物可用于保护工业材料免受不想要的微生物的侵染及破坏。
本发明中的工业材料的含义应理解为已制成准备用于工业的非活体材料。例如,拟由本发明的活性化合物保护以免受微生物改变或破坏的工业材料可为粘合剂、胶料、纸张及板材、织物、皮革、木材、漆及塑料制品、冷却润滑剂(cooling lubricant)及其它可受微生物侵染或破坏的材料。可被微生物繁殖损害的生产设备部件,例如冷却水回路,亦在可保护材料的范围内。在本发明范围内可提及的工业材料优选为粘合剂、胶料、纸张及板材、皮革、木材、漆、冷却润滑剂及传热液体,尤其优选木材。
可提及的可使工业材料发生劣化或改变的微生物为,例如细菌、真菌、酵母菌、藻类及粘液生物(slime organism)。本发明的活性化合物优选用于抵抗真菌,特别是霉菌、木材退色真菌及木腐真菌(担子菌),以及粘液生物及藻类。
可列举以下各属的微生物作为实例:
链格孢属(Alternaria),例如链格孢(Alternaria tenuis),
曲霉属(Aspergillus),例如黑曲霉(Aspergillus niger),
毛壳菌(Chaetomium),例如球毛壳菌(Chaetomium globosum),
粉革菌属(Coniophora),例如Coniophora puetana,
香菇属(Lentinus),例如虎皮香菇菌(Lentinus tigrinus),
青霉属(Penicillium),例如灰绿青霉(Penicilliumglaucum),
多孔菌(Polyporus),例如杂色多孔菌(Polyporus versicolor),
短梗霉属(Aureobasidium),例如出芽短梗霉(Aureobasidiumpullulans),
核茎点属(Sclerophoma),例如Sclerophoma pityophila,
木霉属(Trichoderma),例如绿色木霉(Trichoderma viride),
埃希氏菌属(Escherichia),例如大肠埃希氏菌(Escherichiacoli),
假单胞菌属(Pseudomonas),例如铜绿假单胞菌(Pseudomonasaeruginosa),及
葡萄球菌属(Staphylococcus),例如金黄色葡萄球菌(Staphylococcus aureus)。
依据其特定的物理和/或化学性质,本发明的活性化合物/活性化合物结合物可转化为常规制剂,例如溶液、乳剂、悬浮剂、粉剂、泡沫、膏剂、颗粒剂、气雾剂、聚合物及种子包衣(coating)组合物中的微胶囊剂以及ULV冷却与加温弥雾(fogging)制剂。
所述制剂以已知方式制备,例如将活性化合物/活性化合物结合物与填充剂(extender)混合,即与液体溶剂、加压液化气和/或固体载体混合,同时可任选使用表面活性剂,即乳化剂和/或分散剂和/或发泡剂。如果使用的填充剂为水,还可使用例如有机溶剂作为助溶剂。适合的液体溶剂主要有:芳香族化合物,例如二甲苯、甲苯或烷基萘;氯化芳香族化合物或氯化脂肪烃,例如氯苯、氯乙烯或二氯甲烷;脂肪烃,例如环己烷或石蜡,如石油馏分;醇,例如丁醇或乙二醇及其醚及酯;酮,例如丙酮、甲乙酮、甲基异丁基酮或环己酮;强极性溶剂,例如二甲基甲酰胺或二甲基亚砜;或水。液化气填充剂或载体的含义应理解为在标准温度及大气压下为气态的液体,例如气溶胶喷雾剂,如卤代烃,或丁烷、丙烷、氮气及二氧化碳。适合的固体载体为:例如粉碎的天然矿物,例如高岭土、粘土、滑石粉、白垩、石英、凹凸棒石、蒙脱石或硅藻土;以及粉碎的合成矿物,例如细分散二氧化硅、氧化铝及硅酸盐。适用于颗粒剂的固体载体为:例如粉碎并分级的天然岩石,如方解石、大理石、浮石、海泡石及白云石;或合成的无机及有机粉颗粒,以及有机物颗粒,如锯木屑、椰壳、玉米穗轴及烟草茎。适合的乳化剂和/或发泡剂为:例如非离子及阴离子乳化剂,如聚氧乙烯脂肪酸酯、聚氧乙烯脂肪醇醚例如烷基芳基聚乙二醇醚、烷基磺酸盐、烷基硫酸盐、芳基磺酸盐,或蛋白质水解产物。适合的分散剂为:例如木素亚硫酸盐废液及甲基纤维素。
制剂中可使用增粘剂,例如羧甲基纤维素,以及粉末、颗粒或胶乳形式的天然及合成聚合物,例如阿拉伯树胶、聚乙烯醇及聚乙酸乙烯酯,或天然磷脂,例如脑磷脂及卵磷脂,以及合成磷脂。其它添加剂可为矿物油及植物油。
可使用着色剂,例如无机颜料,例如氧化铁、氧化钛及普鲁士蓝,以及有机染料,例如茜素染料、偶氮染料及金属酞菁染料,以及微量营养素,例如铁盐、锰盐、硼盐、铜盐、钴盐、钼盐及锌盐。
制剂一般包括0.1至95重量%的活性化合物,优选0.5至90重量%。
本发明的活性化合物可以其本身或其制剂的形式使用,还可以与已知的杀真菌剂、杀细菌剂、杀螨剂、杀线虫剂或杀昆虫剂混合使用,以拓宽例如其作用谱或防止抗性的产生。在很多情况下,获得了协同效应,即混合物的活性大于单独组分的活性。
杀真菌剂:
联苯酚、8-羟基喹啉、苯丙噻重氮、4-十二烷基-2,6-二甲基吗啉、amidoflumet、氨丙膦酸、氨丙膦酸钾、andoprim、敌菌灵、氧环唑、嘧菌酯、苯霜灵、麦锈灵、苯菌灵、苯噻菌胺、苄烯酸、异丁基苄烯酸、双丙氨酰膦、乐杀螨、联苯、联苯三唑醇、灭瘟素、糠菌唑、乙嘧酚磺酸酯、丁硫啶、丁胺、石硫合剂、卡巴西霉素、敌菌丹、克菌丹、多菌灵、萎锈灵、环丙酰菌胺、香芹酮、灭螨猛(quinomethionate)、灭瘟唑、苯咪唑菌、地茂散、百菌清、乙菌利、clozylacon、氰霜唑、环氟菌胺、霜脲氰、环丙唑醇、嘧菌环胺、酯菌胺、咪草酸G、咪菌威、苯氟磺胺、二氯萘醌、双氯酚、双氯氰菌胺、哒菌酮、氯硝胺、乙霉威、苯醚甲环唑、氟嘧菌胺、二甲嘧酚、烯酰吗啉、醚菌胺、烯唑醇、烯唑醇-M、敌螨普、二苯胺、吡菌硫、灭菌磷、二氰蒽醌、多果定、肼菌酮、敌瘟磷、氧环唑、噻唑菌胺、乙嘧酚、土菌灵、恶唑菌酮、咪唑菌酮、咪菌腈、氯苯嘧啶醇、腈苯唑、甲呋酰胺、环酰菌胺、种衣酯、氰菌胺、拌种咯、苯锈啶、丁苯吗啉、福美铁、氟啶胺、氟苯亚胺噻唑、咯菌腈、氟酰菌胺、氟吗啉、氟氯菌核利、氟嘧菌酯、氟喹唑、呋嘧醇、氟硅唑、磺菌胺、氟酰胺、粉唑醇、灭菌丹、三乙膦酸铝、藻菌磷钠、麦穗宁、呋霜灵、呋吡唑灵、二甲呋酰胺、拌种胺、双胍盐、六氯苯、己唑醇、恶霉灵、抑霉唑、亚胺唑、双胍辛胺乙酸盐、双八胍盐、iodocarb、种菌唑、异稻瘟净、异菌脲、异丙菌胺、人间霉素、稻瘟灵、氯苯咪菌酮、春雷霉素、醚菌酯、代森锰锌、代森锰、meferimzone、嘧菌胺、灭锈胺、甲霜灵、高效甲霜灵、叶菌唑、磺菌威、呋菌胺、代森联、苯氧菌胺、噻菌胺、米多霉素、腈菌唑、甲菌利、多马霉素、BAS510、酞菌酯、多氟脲、氟苯嘧啶醇、呋酰胺、肟醚菌胺、恶霜灵、喹菌酮、恶咪唑、氧化萎锈灵、oxyfenthiin、多效唑、稻瘟酯、戊菌唑、戊菌隆、氯瘟磷、四氯苯酞、啶氧菌酯、病花灵、多抗霉素、多氧霉素、烯丙苯噻唑、咪鲜胺、腐霉利、霜霉威、propanosine-sodium、丙环唑、丙森锌、丙氧喹啉、丙硫菌唑、吡唑醚菌酯、吡菌磷、啶斑肟、嘧霉胺、咯喹酮、氯吡呋醚、硝吡咯菌素(pyrrolnitrin)、唑喹菌酮、苯氧喹啉、五氯硝基苯、硅氟唑、螺环菌胺、硫磺、戊唑醇、叶枯酞、四氯硝基苯、四环唑、四氟醚唑、噻菌灵、噻菌腈、噻氟菌胺、甲基硫菌灵、福美双、tioxymid、甲基立枯磷、甲苯氟磺胺、三唑酮、三唑醇、丁三唑、咪唑嗪、tricyclamide、三环唑、十三吗啉、肟菌酯、氟菌唑、嗪胺灵、灭菌唑、烯效唑、有效霉素A、乙烯菌核利、代森锌、福美锌、苯酰菌胺、(2S)-N-[2-[4-[[3-(4-氯苯基)-2-丙炔基]氧]-3-甲氧基苯基]乙基]-3-甲基-2-[(甲磺酰基)氨基]-丁酰胺、1-(1-萘基)-1H-吡咯-2,5-二酮、2,3,5,6-四氯-4-(甲磺酰基)-吡啶、2-氨基-4-甲基-N-苯基-5-噻唑甲酰胺、2-氯-N-(2,3-二氢-1,1,3-三甲基-1H-茚-4-基)-3-吡啶甲酰胺、3,4,5-三氯-2,6-吡啶二腈、actinovate、顺-1-(4-氯苯基)-2-(1H-1,2,4-三唑-1-基)-环庚醇、1-(2,3-二氢-2,2-二甲基-1H-茚-1-基)-1H-咪唑-5-羧酸甲酯、碳酸氢钾、N-(6-甲氧基-3-吡啶基)-环丙烷甲酰胺、N-丁基-8-(1,1-二甲基乙基)-1-氧杂螺[4.5]癸-3-胺、硫代碳酸钠;
以及铜盐及铜制剂,例如波尔多液、氢氧化铜、环烷酸铜、氯氧化铜、硫酸铜、硫杂灵、一氧化铜、代森锰铜、喹啉铜。
杀细菌剂:
溴硝丙二醇、双氯酚、三氯甲基吡啶、福美镍、春雷霉素、异噻菌酮、羧酸呋喃、土霉素、噻菌灵、链霉素、叶枯酞、硫酸铜和其它铜制剂。
杀昆虫剂/杀螨剂/杀线虫剂:
齐墩螨素(abamectin)、ABG-9008、高灭磷、灭螨醌、啶虫脒、acetoprole、氟酯菊酯、AKD-1022、AKD-3059、AKD-3088、棉铃威、涕灭威、砜灭威、丙烯除虫菊1R异构体、丙烯甲体氯氰菊酯(alpha-cypermethrin,alphamethrin)、amidoflumet、灭害威、虫螨脒、阿维菌素、AZ-60541、印楝素、唑啶磷、谷硫磷、乙基谷硫磷、唑环锡、
波林杆菌芽孢(Bacillus popilliae)、球形芽孢杆菌(Bacillussphaericus)、柯敌克菌(Bacillus subtilis)、苏云金杆菌、苏云金杆菌株EG-2348、苏云金杆菌株GC-91、苏云金杆菌株NCTC-11821、杆状病毒(baculoviruses)、巴西安白僵菌(Beauveria bassiana)、纤细白僵菌(Beauveria tenella)、噁虫威、丙硫克百威、杀虫磺、苯螨特、β-氟氯氰菊酯、乙体氯氰菊酯(beta-cypermethrin)、联苯肼酯、氟氯菊酯、乐杀螨、生物烯丙菊酯、生物烯丙菊酯-S-环戊基异构体、bioethanomethrin、生物氯菊酯、右旋反灭虫菊酯、双三氟虫脲、BPMC、brofenprox、乙基溴硫磷、溴螨酯、溴苯烯磷(-甲基)、BTG-504、BTG-505、合杀威、噻嗪酮、特嘧硫磷、丁叉威、氧丁叉威、丁基哒螨酮(butylpyridaben)、
硫线磷、毒杀芬、西维因、虫螨威、三硫磷、丁硫克百威、巴丹、CGA-50439、灭螨猛、氯丹、杀虫脒、chloethocarb、壤虫氯磷、氟唑虫清、毒虫畏、定虫隆、氯甲磷、乙酯杀螨醇、氯化苦、chlorproxyfen、甲基毒死蜱、毒死蜱(-乙基)、chlovaporthrin、环虫酰肼、顺-氯氰菊酯、顺-灭虫菊、顺-氯菊酯、功夫菊酯、除线威、四螨嗪、噻虫胺、clothiazoben、十二碳二烯醇、蝇毒磷、苯腈磷、杀螟腈、cycloprene、乙氰菊酯、Cydia pomonella、氟氯氰菊酯、氯氟氰菊酯、三环锡、氯氰菊酯、苯醚氯菊酯(1R-反式异构体)、灭蝇胺、
DDT、溴氰菊酯、甲基-○五九、磺吸磷、杀螨硫隆、氯亚磷、二嗪农、除线磷、敌敌畏、开乐散、百治磷、环虫腈、氟脲杀、乐果、甲基毒虫畏、敌螨通、敌螨普、呋虫胺、噁茂醚、乙拌磷、碘酰丁二辛(docusat-sodium)、苯氧炔螨(dofenapyn)、DOWCO-439、
eflusilanate、埃玛菌素、埃玛菌素苯甲酸盐、烯炔菊酯(1R异构体)、硫丹、虫霉属种(Entomopthora spp.)、EPN、高氰戊菊酯、苯虫威、乙虫腈、乙硫磷、灭克磷、醚菊酯、乙螨唑、氧嘧啶磷、
氨磺磷、克线磷、喹螨醚、杀螨锡、五氟苯菊酯、杀螟松、丁苯威、苯硫威、fenoxacrim、双氧威、甲氰菊酯、吡螨胺(fenpyrad)、吡氯氰菊酯、唑螨酯、丰索磷、倍硫磷、氟硝二苯胺、灭杀菊酯、锐劲特、氟啶虫酰胺、fluacrypyrim、氟啶蜱脲、噻唑螨、溴氟菊酯、氟螨脲、氟氰戊菊酯、flufenerim、氟虫脲、氟丙苄醚、氟氯苯菊酯、吡氟硫磷、氟螨嗪(flufenzine)、氟胺氰菊酯、地虫磷、伐虫脒、安果、丁苯硫磷、噻唑酮磷、氟丙苯醚(fluproxyfen)、呋线威、
林丹、红铃虫性诱剂、诱杀烯混剂(grandlure)、颗粒体病毒(granulosis virus)、
卤醚菊酯(halfenprox)、特丁苯酰肼、HCH、HCN-801、庚虫磷、氟铃脲、噻螨酮、灭蚁腙、烯虫乙酯、
IKA-2002、吡虫啉、炔咪菊酯、噁二唑虫、碘硫磷、异稻瘟净、氟唑磷、丙胺磷、异丙威、异噁唑啉、伊维菌素、
japonilure、
噻嗯菊酯、核多角体病毒(nuclear polyhedrosis virus)、烯虫炔酯、
氯氟氰菊酯(lamda-cyhalothrin)、林丹、氟丙氧脲、
马拉松(malathion)、灭蚜磷、甲亚砜磷(mesulfenfos)、蜗牛敌、威百亩、虫螨畏、甲胺磷、绿僵菌(Metharhiziumanisopliae)、黄绿绿僵菌(Metharhizium flavoviride)、杀扑磷、灭虫威、灭多虫、蒙五一五、甲氧滴滴涕、甲氧苯酰肼、速灭威、恶虫酮、速灭磷、米尔螨素(milbemectin)、米尔倍霉素、MKI-245、MON-45700、久效磷、莫昔克丁(moxidectin)、MTI-800、
二溴磷、NC-104、NC-170、NC-184、NC-194、NC-196、贝螺杀、烟碱、硝胺烯啶、硝虫噻嗪、NNI-0001、NNI-0101、NNI-0250、NNI-9768、双苯氟脲、多氟脲、
OK-5101、OK-5201、OK-9601、OK-9602、OK-9701、OK-9802、氧化乐果、甲氨叉威、砜吸磷、
玫烟色拟青霉(Paecilomyces fumosoroseus)、甲基一六○五、一六○五(-乙基)、氯菊酯(顺-、反-)、石油、PH-6045、苯醚菊酯(1R反式异构体)、稻丰散、甲拌磷、伏杀磷、亚胺硫磷、磷胺、乙丙磷威、辛硫磷、增效醚、抗蚜威、虫螨磷、乙基虫螨磷、炔酮菊酯、丙溴磷、猛杀威、丙虫磷、克螨特、烯虫磷、残杀威、丙硫磷、发果、protrifenbute、吡蚜酮、吡唑硫磷、反灭虫菊、除虫菊、哒螨酮、啶虫丙醚、打杀磷、pyridathion、嘧胺苯醚、蚊蝇醚(pyriproxyfen)、
喹噁磷、
灭虫菊、RH-5849、利巴韦林、RU-12457、RU-15525、
S-421、S-1833、杀抗松(salithion)、硫线磷、SI-0009、氟硅菊酯、多杀菌素、螺螨酯、螺甲螨酯、氟虫胺、硫特普、乙丙硫磷、SZI-121、
氟胺氰菊酯、双苯酰肼、吡螨胺、嘧丙磷(tebupirimfos)、伏虫磷、七氟菊酯、双硫磷、灭虫畏、叔丁威、特丁磷、杀虫畏、三氯杀螨砜、胺菊酯、胺菊酯(1R异构体)、杀螨好、辛体氯氰菊酯(theta-cypermethrin)、噻虫啉、噻虫嗪、噻丙腈、thiatriphos、硫环杀(thiocyclam hydrogenoxalate)、硫双灭多威、特氨叉威、甲基乙拌磷、杀虫双、敌贝特(thuringiensin)、tolfenpyrad、氟溴氰菊酯、四溴菊酯、四氟菊酯、苯赛螨、唑蚜威、三唑磷、triazuron、trichlophenidine、敌百虫、杀虫隆、混杀威、
蚜灭多、氟吡唑虫、verbutin、蜡蚧轮枝菌(Verticilliumlecanii)、
WL-108477、WL-40027、
YI-5201、YI-5301、YI-5302、
灭除威、灭杀威、
ZA-3274、己体氯氰菊酯(zeta-cypermethrin)、zolaprofos、ZXI-8901、
化合物丙基氨基甲酸3-甲基苯基酯(速灭威Z)、
化合物3-(5-氯-3-吡啶基)-8-(2,2,2-三氟乙基)-8-氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛-3-腈(CAS注册号185982-80-3)及相应的3-内型异构体(CAS注册号185984-60-5)(参见WO-96/37494、WO-98/25923)、
以及包括有杀虫活性植物提取物、线虫、真菌或病毒的制剂。
还可与其它已知的活性化合物例如除草剂混合,或者与肥料和生长调节剂混合。
此外,本发明的式(I)化合物/活性化合物结合物还具有非常好的抗真菌活性。这些化合物具有非常宽的抗真菌作用谱,特别是针对皮肤癣菌(dermatophyte)和酵母菌、霉菌和双相真菌(diphasic fungi)(例如针对念珠菌属(Candida)菌种,例如白念珠菌(Candidaalbicans)、光滑念珠菌(Candida glabrata)),以及絮状表面癣菌(Epidermophyton floccosum),曲霉(Aspergillus)菌种,例如黑曲霉(Aspergillus niger)和烟曲霉(Aspergillus fumigatus),毛癣菌属(Trichophyton)菌种,例如须癣毛癣菌(Trichophytonmentagrophytes),
小孢霉属(Microsporon)菌种例如犬小孢霉(Microsporon canis)和Microsporon audouinii。所列真菌仅为说明目的,而并非限制可涵盖的真菌谱。
本发明的活性化合物可以其本身、其制剂形式或由其制备的使用形式使用,例如即用的溶液剂、悬浮剂、可湿性粉剂、膏剂、可溶性粉剂、粉末剂和颗粒剂。施用以常规方式进行,例如浇灌、喷雾、雾化、撒播、喷粉、发泡、抛撒等。还可通过超低容量法(ultra-low volume method)施用活性化合物,或者将活性化合物制剂或活性化合物本身注入土壤内。还可处理植物种子。
本发明的活性化合物/活性化合物结合物用作杀真菌剂时,施用率可依据施用类型在较宽的范围内变化。对于植物部位的处理,活性化合物施用率一般为0.1至10000g/ha,优选10至1000g/ha。对于拌种,活性化合物施用率一般为0.001至50g每千克种子,优选0.01至10g每千克种子。对于土壤处理,活性化合物施用率一般为0.1至10000g/ha,优选1至5000g/ha。
本发明的活性化合物/活性化合物结合物的制备和用途通过以下实施例进行说明。
制备实施例
实施例I-1-a-1
首先将4.88g(0.042mol)叔丁醇钾加入到13ml无水二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)中,60℃下逐滴加入14ml无水DMF中的6.82g实例Ⅱ-1物质,将混合物在80℃下搅拌并通过薄层色谱进行监测。
反应结束后,将反应溶液倒入150ml冰水中,并且在0至10℃下用浓盐酸酸化至pH=2,抽滤出沉淀,用冰水洗涤然后干燥。然后用硅胶柱色谱进行纯化(二氯甲烷/丙酮=5∶1)。
产量:2.5g(理论产量的40%),熔点:233℃。
实施例I-1-a-8
在氩保护气下,首先将0.644g(2mmol)实例XIV-1-1的化合物加入到30ml二甲苯中,室温下加入2.083g(20mmol)1,2-戊二醇和0.059g(0.29mmol)对甲苯磺酸,加入0.5g分子筛(粉末)并将该混合物在回流下搅拌三天并通过薄层色谱进行监测。
反应结束后,蒸馏掉溶剂。将产物通过硅胶柱色谱进行纯化(二氯甲烷/丙酮=5∶1)。
以下式(I-1-a)化合物根据对制备过程的一般描述以与实施例(I-1-a-1)类似的方式制得
*1H-NMR(400MHz,d6-DMSO):δ=1.05-1.09(2d,6H,2xCHCH 3);4.18-4.23(m,2H,2xCHCH3)ppm
实施例I-1-b-1
首先在回流条件下将1.82g实施例I-1-a-4的化合物加入到50ml无水乙酸乙酯和0.77ml(5.5mmol)三乙胺中。加入5ml无水乙酸乙酯中的0.55ml(0.0055mol)异丁酰氯,并在回流下搅拌混合物。
反应结束后(通过薄层色谱进行监测),蒸馏掉溶剂并将剩余物溶于二氯甲烷中。将混合物用30ml 0.5N的NaOH洗涤两次并干燥,蒸馏掉溶剂。
将产物用硅胶柱色谱进行纯化(二氯甲烷/乙酸乙酯=3∶1)。
产量:0.3g(理论产量的14%),熔点215℃。
以下式(I-1-b)化合物根据对制备过程的一般描述以与实施例(I-1-b-1)类似的方式制得
*1H-NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):位移δ以ppm表示
**1H-NMR(300MHz,CDCl3):位移δ以ppm表示
实施例I-1-c-1
将1.82g实施例I-1-a-4的化合物在10至20℃下在30ml无水二氯甲烷和0.7ml三乙胺中搅拌。加入2ml无水二氯甲烷中的0.5ml氯甲酸乙酯并在室温下搅拌混合物。
反应结束后(通过薄层色谱进行监测),将混合物用10ml 0.5N的NaOH洗涤两次并用硫酸镁干燥。然后蒸馏掉溶剂。
将产物用硅胶柱色谱进行纯化(二氯甲烷/乙醇=30∶1)。
产量:1.15g(理论产量的52%),熔点198℃。
以下式(I-1-c)化合物根据对制备过程的一般描述以与实施例(I-1-c-1)类似的方式制得
*1H-NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):位移δ以ppm表示
**1H-NMR(300MHz,CDCl3):位移δ以ppm表示
实施例I-1-d-1
首先将0.159g实施例I-1-a-44的化合物加入到10ml三氯甲烷中,室温下加入0.098ml二异丙基乙胺和1.5mg DMAP,加入0.037ml甲磺酰氯并将该混合物搅拌20小时,加入5ml NaCl溶液,将混合物在室温下搅拌约0.5小时,分离出有机相,用硫酸钠干燥并使用旋转蒸发器进行浓缩。将所得粗产物用正庚烷/乙酸乙酯梯度为4∶1至0∶100的的硅胶柱色谱进行纯化。
产量:0.07g(理论产量的37%),熔点:217。
实施例I-1-g-1
首先将0.233g实施例I-1-a-72的化合物加入到8ml氯仿中,加入0.098ml二异丙基乙胺和1.5mg DMAP,然后加入0.056ml吗啉碳酰氯,将该混合物在室温下搅拌20小时,加入5ml浓度5%的碳酸氢钠溶液,将该混合物再搅拌0.5小时,分离出有机相,用硫酸钠干燥并使用旋转蒸发器进行浓缩。将粗产物通过正庚烷/乙酸乙酯梯度为4∶1至0∶100的硅胶柱色谱进行纯化。
产量:0.148g(理论产量的64%),油状物
1H-NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ=2.31(2,3H,Ar-CH 3),3.1,3.2(每个m,2H,CH2O)ppm。
实施例Ⅱ-1
首先将9.56g 1,4-二氧杂螺[4.5]癸-8-羧酸8-氨基甲酯盐酸盐加入到38ml无水乙腈中,并在5℃到10℃加入17.5g(0.127mol)粉碎的碳酸钾。然后用12分钟逐滴加入10ml无水乙腈中的6.94g 2,5-二甲基苯基乙酰氯。
将该混合物在室温下搅拌3小时。
将反应溶液倒入250ml冰水中,抽滤出沉淀。将沉淀用水洗涤并溶解在二氯甲烷中,将该混合物干燥并蒸馏掉溶剂。将产物通过硅胶柱色谱纯化(二氯甲烷/乙酸乙酯=3∶1)。
产量:6.82g(理论产量的49%),熔点115℃。
实施例(Ⅱ-2)
首先加入154.6g(1.579mol)浓硫酸,在内部温度为30至40℃的条件下,以悬浮液形式逐滴加入630ml二氯甲烷中的107.9g实施例(XXI-1)的化合物。将混合物在30至40℃下搅拌2小时,然后逐滴加入220ml无水甲醇使内部温度达到40℃。
将该混合物在外部温度为40至70℃的条件下再搅拌6小时。
将反应溶液倒在1.5kg冰上,用二氯甲烷萃取并用NaHCO3溶液洗涤。将混合物干燥并蒸馏掉溶剂。
将产物通过硅胶柱色谱进行纯化(甲苯/乙酸乙酯=1∶)。
产量:11.4g(理论产量的10%)。
以下式(Ⅱ)化合物根据对制备过程的一般描述以与实施例(Ⅱ-1)和(Ⅱ-2)类似的方式制得
实施例序号 | W | X | Y | Z | A B | R8 | 熔点℃ |
II-2 | CH3 | CH3 | CH3 | H | 4’-O-(CH2)2-O- | CH3 | logP 2.68 |
II-3 | CH3 | CH3 | CH3 | CH3 | 4’-O-(CH2)2-O- | CH3 | 141 |
II-4 | CH3 | CH3 | Cl | H | 4’-O-(CH2)2-O- | CH3 | 181 |
实施例序号 | W | X | Y | Z | A B | R8 | 熔点℃ |
II-5 | H | CH3 | CH3 | CH3 | 4’-O-(CH2)2-O- | CH3 | 129 |
II-6 | CH3 | Cl | Cl | H | 4’-O-(CH2)2-O- | CH3 | 159 |
II-7 | CH3 | CH3 | Br | H | 4’-O-(CH2)2-O- | CH3 | 蜡状物log P2.81* |
II-8 | CH3 | C2H5 | CH3 | H | 4’-O-(CH2)2-O- | CH3 | 蜡状物log P2.95* |
II-9 | CH3 | C2H5 | Br | H | 4’-O-(CH2)2-O- | CH3 | 蜡状物log P3.19* |
II-11 | CH3 | Cl | Cl | H | 4’-O-(CH2)3-O- | CH3 | 175 |
实施例序号 | W | X | Y | Z | A B | R8 | 熔点℃ |
II-12 | H | CH3 | H | CH3 | 4’-O-(CH2)3-O- | CH3 | 144 |
II-13 | CH3 | CH3 | CH3 | CH3 | 4’-O-(CH2)3-O- | CH3 | 148 |
II-14 | CH3 | CH3 | Cl | H | 4’-O-(CH2)3-O- | CH3 | 184 |
II-15 | H | Cl | H | 4-Cl-Ph | 4’-O-(CH2)3-O- | CH3 | 177 |
II-16 | H | CH3 | H | 4-Cl-Ph | 4’-O-(CH2)3-O- | CH3 | 181 |
II-17 | H | CH3 | CH3 | CH3 | 4’-O-(CH2)3-O- | CH3 | log P2.59* |
II-18 | CH3 | CH3 | CH3 | H | 4’-O-(CH2)3-O- | CH3 | 143 |
II-19 | CH3 | CH3 | Br | H | 4’-O-(CH2)3-O- | CH3 | 189 |
II-20 | CH3 | CH3 | Cl | H | 4’-O-CH2-C(CH3)2-CH2-O- | CH3 | 178 |
II-21 | CH3 | CH3 | Cl | H | 4’-O-CH2-CHCH3-CH2-O- | CH3 | 170 |
II-22 | CH3 | CH3 | Br | H | 4’-O-CH2-C(CH3)2-CH2-O- | CH3 | 181 |
II-23 | CH3 | CH3 | Br | H | 4’-O-CH2-CHCH3-CH2-O- | CH3 | 177 |
II-24 | CH3 | OCH3 | CH3 | H | 4’-O-(CH2)3-O- | CH3 | log P2.49* |
II-25 | CH3 | CH3 | Br | H | 4’-O-CHCH3-CHCH3-O- | CH3 | 189 |
II-26 | CH3 | CH3 | Br | H | 4’-O-CHCH3-CH2-O- | CH3 | 161 |
实施例序号 | W | X | Y | Z | A B | R8 | 熔点℃ |
II-27 | H | CH3 | H | CH3 | 4’-O-CHCH3-CHCH3-O- | CH3 | 166 |
II-28 | CH3 | CH3 | Cl | H | 4’-O-CHCH3-CHCH3-O- | CH3 | 183 |
II-29 | CH3 | CH3 | Cl | H | 4’-O-CHCH3-CH2-O- | CH3 | 170 |
II-30 | H | CH3 | H | CH3 | 4’-O-CHCH3-CH2-O- | CH3 | 141 |
实施例序号 | W | X | Y | Z | A B | R8 | 熔点℃ |
II-31 | H | CH3 | H | 5-(4-Cl-Ph) | 4’-O-(CH2)2-O- | CH3 | log P3.47* |
II-32 | C2H5 | C2H5 | CH3 | H | 4’-O-(CH2)2-O- | CH3 | log P3.28* |
II-33 | CH3 | OCH3 | CH3 | H | 4’-O-(CH2)2-O- | CH3 | 139 |
II-34 | H | CH3 | Cl | CH3 | 4’-O-(CH2)2-O- | CH3 | 182 |
II-35 | C2H5 | OCH3 | Cl | H | 4’-O-(CH2)2-O- | CH3 | 153 |
II-36 | C2H5 | Br | CH3 | H | 4’-O-(CH2)2-O- | CH3 | log P3.04* |
II-37 | H | CH3 | H | CH3 | 4’-O-CHCH3-CH2-CHCH3-O- | CH3 | 122 |
II-38 | CH3 | CH3 | Cl | H | 4’-O-CHCH3-CH2-CHCH3-O- | CH3 | 208 |
II-39 | H | CH3 | H | CH3 | 4’-O-CHCH3-(CH2)2-O- | CH3 | 144 |
II-40 | CH3 | CH3 | Cl | H | 4’-O-CHCH3-(CH2)2-O- | CH3 | 174 |
II-41 | CH3 | CH3 | Br | H | 4’-O-CHCH3-(CH2)2-O- | CH3 | 175 |
II-42 | CH3 | CH3 | Br | H | 4’-O-CHCH3-CH2-CHCH3-O- | CH3 | 202 |
II-43 | CH3 | C2H5 | Br | H | 4’-O-CHCH3-CH2-CHCH3-O- | CH3 | 200 |
II-44 | H | CH3 | H | CH3 | 4’-O-CH2-C(CH3)2-CH2-O- | CH3 | 157 |
II-45 | H | CH3 | H | CH3 | 4’-O-CH2-CHCH3-CH2-O- | CH3 | 154 |
II-46 | CH3 | C2H5 | Br | H | 4’-O-CHCH3-(CH2)2-O- | CH3 | 158 |
II-47 | CH3 | Cl | Cl | H | 4’-O-CH2-C(CH3)2-CH2-O- | CH3 | 197 |
II-48 | CH3 | Cl | Cl | H | 4’-O-CH2-CHCH3-CH2-O- | CH3 | 174 |
实施例序号 | W | X | Y | Z | A B | R8 | 熔点℃ |
实施例序号 | W | X | Y | Z | A B | R8 | 熔点℃ |
II-49 | H | Cl | H | 4-Cl-Ph | 4’-O-CH2-C(CH3)2-CH2-O- | CH3 | 205 |
II-50 | H | Cl | H | 4-Cl-Ph | 4’-O-CH2-CHCH3-CH2-O- | CH3 | 166 |
II-51 | H | CH3 | H | 4-Cl-Ph | 4’-O-CH2-C(CH3)2-CH2-O- | CH3 | 184 |
II-52 | H | CH3 | H | 4-Cl-Ph | 4’-O-CH2-CHCH3-CH2-O- | CH3 | 163 |
II-53 | H | CH3 | H | 4-Cl-Ph | 4’-O-CHCH3-CH2-CHCH3-O- | CH3 | 149 |
II-54 | CH3 | C2H5 | Br | H | 4’-O-CH2-C(CH3)2-CH2-O- | CH3 | 241 |
II-55 | CH3 | C2H5 | Br | H | 4’-O-CH2-CHCH3-CH2-O- | CH3 | 147 |
II-56 | CH3 | C2H5 | Br | H | 4’-O-CHCH3-CH2-O- | CH3 | 157 |
II-57 | CH3 | C2H5 | Br | H | 4’-O-CHCH3-CHCH3-O- | CH3 | 167 |
II-58 | C2H5 | Cl | Cl | H | 4’-O-(CH2)2-O- | CH3 | 281 |
II-59 | H | Cl | H | 4-Cl-Ph | 4’-O-(CH2)2-O- | CH3 | |
II-60 | CH3 | CH3 | H | 4-Cl-Ph | 4’-O-CHCH3-CH2-O- | CH3 | 173 |
II-61 | H | CH3 | Cl | CH3 | 4’-O-CHCH3-CH2-O- | CH3 | 165 |
II-62 | H | CH3 | H | 4-Cl-Ph | 4’-O-CHCH3-CH2-O- | CH3 | 174 |
II-63 | H | CH3 | H | 4-Cl-Ph | 4’-O-CHCH3-CHCH3-O- | CH3 | 151 |
II-64 | H | Cl | H | 4-Cl-Ph | 4’-O-CHCH3-CH2-O- | CH3 | 181 |
II-65 | H | Cl | H | 4-Cl-Ph | 4’-O-CHCH3-CHCH3-O- | CH3 | 182 |
II-66 | H | CH3 | H | CH3 | 3’-O-(CH2)2-O- | CH3 | 111 |
II-67 | C2H5 | Br | CH3 | H | 3’-O-(CH2)2-O- | CH3 | 174 |
II-68 | CH3 | CH3 | Cl | H | 3’-O-(CH2)2-O- | CH3 | 154 |
*上述制备实施例和表中给出的logP值根据EEC Directive 79/831附录V.A8通过HPLC(高效液相色谱法)使用反相柱(C18)测定。温度:43℃。
在酸性范围内,在pH 2.3的条件下使用0.1%的磷酸水溶液和乙腈作为流动相进行测定;线性梯度为10%乙腈至95%乙腈。
酸性范围内使用LC-MS的测定在pH 2.7的条件下使用0.1%的甲酸水溶液和乙腈(包含0.1%甲酸)作为流动相进行;线性梯度为10%乙腈至95%乙腈。
在中性范围内使用LC-MS的测定在pH 7.8的条件下使用0.001摩尔碳酸氢铵水溶液和乙腈作为流动相进行;线性梯度为10%乙腈至95%乙腈。
使用logP值已知的无支链的烷-2-酮类(具有3至16个碳原子)进行校准(通过在两个连续的烷酮之间线性内插由保留时间确定logP值)。
λ最大值使用200nm至400nm的UV光谱通过最大色谱信号来测定。
实施例(XXI-1)
将49.4ml三乙胺加入到800ml无水四氢呋喃(THF)中的65g 1,4-二氧杂螺[4.5]癸-8-氨基-8-腈中。在0至10℃,逐滴加入80ml无水THF中的70.2g均三甲苯乙酰氯。
将该混合物在室温下搅拌。
反应结束后(通过薄层色谱进行监测),将反应溶液搅拌加入到1.21冰水中,加入200ml 1N的HCl,抽滤出沉淀。将沉淀溶解在二氯甲烷中,去除水相。将有机相干燥,蒸馏掉溶剂,将剩余物用320ml甲苯/640ml正己烷重结晶。
产量:107.9g(理论产量的88%),熔点>220℃。
实施例XIV-1-1
室温下,将24g中等浓度的氢氧化钠水溶液和约100ml乙醇中的20.6g实施例I-1-c-2的化合物在氩保护气下搅拌一小时,然后蒸发掉乙醇。然后使用盐酸将溶液酸化,将全部混合物溶解在二氯甲烷中,分离出有机相并通过蒸发进行浓缩。将剩余物在60℃下在4N盐酸中搅拌两小时。
分离出沉淀并在乙酸乙酯中搅拌。
产量:6.67g;熔点:293.9℃。
实施例XVI-1
首先将46g 1,4-二氧杂[4.5]癸-8-氨基-8-羧酸加入350ml无水甲醇中,在0至5℃逐滴加入32.6g(0.275mol)亚硫酰氯。将该混合物在0℃下搅拌30分钟(悬浮液)然后在40℃下搅拌过夜。
将混合物冷却,抽滤掉氯化钾并蒸馏掉溶剂。将剩余物与MTB醚一起研磨并进行抽滤。
产量:48.63g(理论产量的83%),熔点:分解
以与实施例XVI-1类似的方式获得以下式(XVI)的新化合物
实施例序号 | A B | R8 | 熔点℃ |
XVI-2 | 4’-O-CHCH3-CH2-O- | CH3 | *1.18-1.19(2d,3H,CHCH3)3.76(2s,3H,OCH3) |
XVI-3 | 4’-O-CHCH3-CHCH3-O- | CH3 | *3.76(s,3H,OCH3)4.18-4.23(m,2H,2xCH-O) |
XVI | 4’-O-(CH2)3-O- | CH3 | 树脂 |
XVI-5 | 4’-O-CHCH3-(CH2)2-O- | CH3 | *1.07-1.08(d,3H,CHCH3)3.77(s,3H,OCH3) |
XVI-6 | -O-CH2-CHCH3-CH2-O- | CH3 | *0.77(d,3H,CHCH 3)8.71(3H,br,NH 3 +) |
*1H-NMR(400MHz,d6-DMSO):位移δ以ppm表示
式(XVI’)的取代的1,4-二氧杂[4.5]癸-8-氨基-8-羧酸酯和其盐、式(XVI”)的任选取代的1,4-二氧杂[4.5]癸-7-氨基-7-羧酸酯和其盐以及式(XVI’”)的任选取代的1,5-二氧杂[5.5]十一烷-9-氨基-9-羧酸酯和其盐为新化合物并构成本发明主题的一部分,其中可能的取代基为本文开篇处在A、B的定义中提及的取代基:
其中
Q3代表C1-C4烷基、C1-C3卤代烷基、C1-C4烷氧基或C1-C4烷氧基-C1-C2烷基,
q代表1、2或3,并且在式(XVI”)和(XVI’”)化合物中也可代表0,
R8定义如上。
实施例XIX-1
将112g实施例XXⅢ-8的化合物悬浮在710ml浓度为30%的KOH中,并且在回流条件下在氮气氛中搅拌。
在0至20℃,将混合物用浓HCl酸化至pH为5.2至5.3并进行抽滤,将滤液与甲醇进行共沸蒸馏直至体积达到约0.5l,抽滤掉氯化钾,将滤液用旋转蒸发器进行浓缩并与甲醇一起进行共沸脱水。
产量:46g(理论产量的46%)。
以与实施例XIX-1类似的方式获得以下式(XIX)的新化合物
实施例序号 | A B |
XIX-2 | 4’-O-CHCH3-CH2-O- |
XIX-3 | 4’-O-CHCH3-CHCH3-O- |
XIX-4 | 4’-O-(CH2)3-O- |
XIX-5 | 4’-O-CHCH3-(CH2)2-O- |
XIX-6 | 4’-O-CH2-CHCH3-CH2-O- |
XIX-7 | 4’-O-CHCH3-CH2-CHCH3-O- |
XIX-8 | 4’-O-CH2-C(CH3)2-CH2-O- |
不进行进一步纯化,将该氨基酸直接进行酯化获得化合物(XVI)。对其进行表征。取代的1,4-二氧杂[4.5]癸-8-氨基-8-羧酸(XIX’)、式(XIX”)的任选取代的1,4-二氧杂[4.5]癸-7-氨基-7-羧酸以及式(XIX’”)的任选取代的1,5-二氧杂[5.5]十一烷-9-氨基羧酸为新化合物并构成本发明主题的一部分,其中可能的取代基为本文开篇处在A、B的定义中提及的取代基:
其中
Q3定义如上并且,
q代表1、2或3,并且在式(XIX”)和(XIX’”)化合物中也可代表0。
实施例XXⅢ-1
首先将16.4g(335mmol)氰化钠和128.7g(1339mmol)碳酸铵加入到600ml水中,并且在室温下缓慢滴加溶于30ml乙醇中的57g(335mmol)1,4-二氧杂[4.5]癸-2-甲基-8-酮(XXIV-1)。
将混合物在55至60℃搅拌约12至15小时。
将混合物冷却至0℃,抽滤出固体并重新悬浮在水中,将悬浮液抽滤,产物用己烷洗涤并干燥。
产量:73.6g(理论产量的92%),两种异构体1∶1。
以与实施例(XXⅢ-1)类似的方式获得以下式(XXⅢ)的新化合物
实施例序号 | A B | 1H-NMR(400MHz) | 位移δ,ppm |
XXIII-1 | 4’-O-CHCH3-CH2-O- | d6-DMSO | 10.53(s);8.35(s);4.15(m,1H);4.02(m,1H);3.37(m,1H);1.93-1.50(6m,8H);1.18(dd,J=6.2Hz,6.5Hz.3H) |
XXIII-2 | 4’-O-CHCH3-CHCH3-O- | d6-DMSO2种非对映体2∶1 | 10.52(s);8.35(s);4.18(m)+3.59(m):∑2H;1.90-1.50(bm,∑8H);1.18(dd,J=6.3Hz,5.8Hz)+1.06(dd,J=6.1Hz,7.7Hz):∑6H |
XXIII-3 | 4’-O-(CH2)3-O- | d6-DMSO | 10.50(s);8.35(s);3.81(m,4H);2.12(m,2H);1.78(m,2H);1.60(m,4H);1.48(m,2H) |
XXIII-4 | 4’-O-CHCH3-(CH2)2-O- | d6-DMSO | 10.50(s);8.31/8.30(每个s.);4.09-3.67(6m,3H);2.54(m,1H); |
式(XXⅢ’)、(XXⅢ”)和(XXⅢ’”)化合物为新化合物并构成本发明主题的一部分,
其中
Q3定义如上并且,
q代表1、2或3,并且在式(XXⅢ”)和(XXⅢ’”)化合物中也可代表0。
实施例XXIV-1
首先将53.7g(423mmol)草酰氯加入到1000ml二氯甲烷中。在-70℃,逐滴加入60ml二甲基亚砜在100ml二氯甲烷中的溶液,将该混合物搅拌20分钟。将66g(385mmol)1,4-二氧杂[4.5]癸-2-甲基-8-醇溶于300ml二氯甲烷中,并且在相同温度下用1小时的时间逐滴加入到反应溶液中。将混合物再搅拌一小时,然后移除冰浴并使混合物用30分钟的时间升温到-40℃。将混合物在此温度下搅拌30分钟,然后加入三乙胺(140ml),使混合物升温至室温(1小时)并搅拌过夜。
用500ml水使反应骤停并将混合物再搅拌15分钟。
分离掉有机相,将水溶液每次用200ml二氯甲烷萃取3次。将合并的有机相用硫酸钠干燥并蒸馏掉溶剂。通过己烷/乙酸乙酯2∶1的硅胶色谱法进行纯化。
产量:58g(理论产量的88%)
1H-NMR(400MHz,d6-DMSO):δ=4.24(m,1H),3.46(t,1H),4.10(dd,1H),2.36(m,4H),1.94(m,4H),1.23(d,3H)ppm.
实施例XXIV-7
将50g环己-1,3-二酮、27.67g 1,2-乙二醇、500ml甲苯和0.849g一水合4-甲苯磺酸混合,并在脱水器中沸腾回流3至4小时。将混合物用100ml饱和NaHCO3溶液洗涤并用饱和NaCl溶液洗涤2次,干燥并用旋转蒸发器浓缩。然后使用高真空将混合物分馏(在85℃/1mbar下或在62-75℃/0.15mmHg下蒸馏产物)。
产量:21.9g(理论产量的27%)
1H-NMR(400MHz,CD3CN):δ=3.9(m,4H),2.52(s,2H),2.27(m,2H),1.87(m,2H),1.79(m,2H)ppm.
以与实施例(XXIV-1)和(XXIV-7)类似的方式获得以下式(XXIV)的新化合物
实施例序号 | A B | 1H-NMR(400MHz) | 位移δ,ppm |
XXIV-1 | 4’-O-CHCH3-CH2-O- | d6-DMSO | 4.24(m,1H);3.46(t,1H,J=7.7Hz);4.10(dd,1H, |
实施例序号 | A B | 1H-NMR(400MHz) | 位移δ,ppm |
J=5.8HZ,7.9Hz);2.36(m,4H);1.94(m,4H);1.23(d,J=6Hz/3H) | |||
XXIV-2 | 4’-O-CHCH3-CHCH3-O- | d6-DMSO2种异构体2∶1 | 4.28/3.68(每个m,∑2H);2.35/1.94(每个m,∑8H);1.22(d,J=5.7Hz)+1.10(d,J=6.1Hz);∑6H |
实施例序号 | A B | 1H-NMR(400MHz) | 位移δ,ppm |
XXIV-3 | 4’-O-(CH2)3-O- | d6-DMSO | 3.88(dd,J=5.6Hz,4H);2.25(m,4H);2.08(m,4H);1.64(m,2H) |
XXIV-4 | 4’-O-CHCH3-(CH2)2-O- | d6-DMSO中 | 4.03(m,1H);3.93(m,1H);3.80(m,1H);2.30(m,2H);2.22(m,4H);1.87(m,2H);1.51(m,2H);1.10(d,3H,J=6.1Hz) |
XXIV-5 | 4’-O-CH2-CHCH3-CH2-O- | d6-DMSO1种异构体 | 3.81(dd,J=4.7Hz,12.0Hz,2H);3.52(dd,2H,J=9.7Hz);2.28(m,2H);2.21(m,4H);1.95(m,2H);1.91(m,1H);0.80(d,J=6.8Hz,1H) |
XXIV-6 | 4’-O-CHCH3-CH2-CHCH3-O- | d6-DMSO2种异构体=45∶55 | 4.02(m,2H);2.31/2.21/1.97/1.87/1.61(各种m,∑10H);1.17(d,3H,J=6.3Hz);1.12(d,3H,J=6.1Hz) |
一些式(XXIV)的酮可从市面购得,一些为已知的(JACS 108,2691-2699;1986;JACS 109,1363-1370,1987),一些为新化合物。
实施例XXV-1
将114g 4-羟基环己酮、80g 1,2-丙二醇(77ml)和2g二水合4-甲苯磺酸加入到500ml甲苯中。将混合物在脱水器上沸腾直至不再有水分离出来。为进行后处理,加入1ml三乙胺,将反应溶液用200ml水洗涤,干燥并使用旋转蒸发器浓缩。剩余物(104g)在减压下蒸馏。
以与实施例(XXIV-1)类似的方式获得以下式(XXIV)的新化合物
实施例序号 | A B | 1H-NMR(400MHz,d6-DMSO)位移δ,ppm |
XXV-1 | -O-CHCH3-CH2-O- | 4.38(dd,1HJ=4.2Hz,5.3Hz); |
4.12(m,1H);3.97(m,1H);3.54(6s,1H);3.33(m,1H);1.67(m,4H);1.44(m,4H);1.16(dd,J=6.1HZ,3H); | ||
XXV-2 | -O-CHCH3-CHCH3-O- | 4.35(m);4.16(m);3.54(m);1.67(m);1.44(m);1.15(dd,J=5.7Hz);1.03(dd,J=6.1Hz) |
XXV-3 | -O-(CH2)3-O- | 4.35(OH);3.77(m,4H);3.52(m,1H);1.96(m,2H);1.57(m,4H);1.50-128(m,4H) |
实施例序号 | A B | 1H-NMR(400MHz,d6-DMSO)位移δ,ppm |
XXV-4 | -O-CHCH3-(CH2)2-O- | 4.34(m,1H);3.95(m,1H);3.87(m,1H);3.67(m,1H);3.53(m,1H);2.25(m,1H);2.66-2.20(m,10H);1.06(dd,J=6.1Hz,3H) |
XXV-5 | -O-CH2-CHCH3-CH2-O- | 4.41(bs,OH);3.69(m)+3.53(m)+3.43(m)+3.35(m)+3.25(m):∑5H;2.12(m,1H);1.74(m,2H);1.62-1.23(m,5H);0.80(d.J=6.8Hz)+0.75(d,J=6.8Hz):∑3H |
XXV-6 | -O-CHCH3-CH2-CHCH3-O- | 4.34(s,OH);3.94(m);3,53(m)2.20(m);1.78(m);2.65-2.20(bm);1.10(dd,J=6.3Hz);1.05(dd,J=6Hz) |
一些式(XXV)的酮可从市面购得,一些为已知的(J.Med.Chem.24,341-346,1981),一些为新化合物。
实施例I-2-a-1
将15ml甲苯中的0.32g(1.00mmol)实施例XIV-2-1的化合物、0.62g(10mmol)乙二醇和50mg 4-甲苯磺酸在回流条件下加热过夜。
为进行后处理,将混合物冷却,抽滤出固体并干燥。
产量:0.35g(理论产量的96%),熔点:267℃。
根据对制备过程的一般描述并以与实施例(I-2-a-1)类似的方式获得以下式(I-2-a)的化合物
实施例序号 | W | X | Y | Z | A B | 熔点℃ |
I-2-a-2 | CH3 | CH3 | CH3 | H | 4’-O-(CH2)2-O- | >250 |
I-2-a-3 | CH3 | CH3 | Cl | H | 4’-O-CHCH3-CH2-O- | 198 |
I-2-a-4 | CH3 | CH3 | Cl | H | 4’-O-CHCH2Cl-CH2-O- | 248 |
I-2-a-5 | CH3 | CH3 | Br | H | 4’-O-(CH2)2-O- | 266 |
I-2-a-6 | CH3 | CH3 | Cl | H | 4’-O-(CH2)3-O- | 227 |
I-2-a-7 | CH3 | CH3 | Cl | H | 4’-O-CH2-C(CH3)2-CH2-O- | 270 |
I-2-a-8 | H | CH3 | H | 4-Cl-Ph | 4’-O-(CH2)2-O- | * |
*1H-NMR(400MHz,d6-DMSO):δ=2.19(s,3H,Ar-CH 3),3.92(s,4H,(O-CH 2-)2),7.3(m,1H,Ar-H),7.4(m,1H,Ar-H),7.5(m,3H,Ar-H),7.65(m,2H-Ar-H)ppm.
实施例I-2-b-1
首先将0.22g(0.60mmol)实施例(I-2-a-1)的化合物加入到10ml二氯甲烷中,加入0.067g(0.66mmol)三乙胺,在冰冷却条件下逐滴加入0.071g(0.66mmol)异丁酰氯并将混合物在室温下搅拌过夜。
为进行后处理,将混合物用浓度10%的柠檬酸溶液和饱和碳酸氢钠溶液萃取,将有机相用硫酸钠干燥并使用旋转蒸发器浓缩。
产量:0.22g(理论产量的77%),熔点142℃
根据对制备过程的一般描述并以与实施例(I-2-b-1)类似的方式获得以下式(I-2-b)的化合物:
实施例序号 | W | X | Y | Z | A B | R1 | 熔点℃ |
I-2-b-2 | CH3 | CH3 | CH3 | H | 4’-O-(CH2)2-O- | t-C4H9 | 165-169 |
I-2-b-3 | CH3 | CH3 | Cl | H | 4’-O-CHCH2Cl-CH2-O- | i-C3H7 | 240-243 |
I-2-b-4 | CH3 | CH3 | Cl | H | 4’-O-CHCH3-CH2-O- | i-C3H7 | 232 |
实施例XIV-2-1
首先在冰冷却条件下将4.59g(40.89mmol)叔丁醇钾加入到35ml二甲基甲酰胺中,在0至10℃逐滴加入10.00g(27.26mmol)实施例(Ⅲ-A-1)的化合物溶于15ml二甲基甲酰胺中的溶液,将混合物在室温下搅拌过夜。
为进行后处理,使用旋转蒸发器将大部分DMF蒸馏掉,将剩余物分配在水和乙酸乙酯中。将水相用盐酸酸化,将沉淀的产物抽滤出来,用水洗涤并干燥。
通过制备型HPLC(硅胶RP-18,流动相乙腈/水)进行进一步纯化。
产量:2.20g(理论产量的25%),熔点210℃。
根据WO 99/16 748中对制备式(XIV-2)化合物的过程的一般描述并以与实施例(XIV-2-1)类似的方式获得以下式(XIV-2)化合物:
实施例Ⅲ-A-1
首先在冰冷却条件下将5.00g(26.85mmol)4-氧代-1-羟基环己羧酸乙酯和3.26g(32.22mmol)三乙胺加入到35ml二氯甲烷中,在0至10℃加入溶于15ml二氯甲烷的6.41g(29.53mmol)2,6-二甲基-4-氯苯基乙酰氯的溶液,将混合物在室温下搅拌过夜。
为进行后处理,将混合物用浓度10%的柠檬酸溶液和饱和碳酸氢钠溶液萃取,将有机相用硫酸钠干燥并使用旋转蒸发器进行浓缩。
产量:10.00g油状物(理论产量的67%)。
根据对制备过程的一般描述并以与实施例(Ⅲ-A-1)类似的方式获得以下式(Ⅲ-A)化合物:
实施例序号 | W | X | Y | Z | R8 | 熔点℃ |
III-A-2 | CH3 | CH3 | CH3 | H | C2H5 | 油状物 |
III-A-3 | CH3 | CH3 | Br | H | C2H5 | 油状物 |
将该油状物用于合成式(XIV-2)化合物而不进行进一步表征。
实施例A
桃蚜试验(7∶1)
溶剂: 7重量份的二甲基甲酰胺
乳化剂:1重量份的烷基芳基聚乙二醇醚
为制备合适的活性化合物制剂,将1重量份的活性化合物与所述量的溶剂和乳化剂混合,并将浓液用含有乳化剂的水稀释至所需浓度。
将被桃蚜(Myzus persicae)严重侵染的甘蓝(Brassica oleracea)叶浸入所需浓度的活性化合物制剂中处理。
经过所需时间后,确定以%计的死亡率。100%表示已杀死所有蚜虫;0%表示无蚜虫被杀死。
本试验中,例如,下列制备实施例的化合物在1000ppm的浓度下表现出≥80%的活性:实施例I-1-a-2、实施例I-1-a-1、实施例I-1-a-3、实施例I-1-a-4、实施例I-1-b-1、实施例I-1-c-3、实施例I-1-c-4、实施例I-1-c-1。
实施例B
棉蚜试验(7∶1)
溶剂: 7重量份二甲基甲酰胺
乳化剂:1重量份烷基芳基聚乙二醇醚
为制备合适的活性化合物制剂,将1重量份的活性化合物与所述量的溶剂和乳化剂混合,并将浓液用含有乳化剂的水稀释至所需浓度。
将被棉蚜(Aphis gossypii)严重侵染的陆地棉(Gossypiumhirsutum)叶浸入所需浓度的活性化合物制剂中处理。
经过所需时间后,确定以%计的死亡率。100%表示已杀死所有蚜虫;0%表示无蚜虫被杀死。
本试验中,例如,下列制备实施例的化合物在200ppm的浓度下表现出≥80%的活性:实施例I-1-a-2、实施例I-1-a-3、实施例I-1-a-4、实施例I-1-c-1。
实施例C
辣根猿叶甲——幼虫试验(7∶1)
溶剂: 7重量份二甲基甲酰胺
乳化剂:1重量份烷基芳基聚乙二醇醚
为制备合适的活性化合物制剂,将1重量份的活性化合物与所述量的溶剂和乳化剂混合,并将浓液用含有乳化剂的水稀释至所需浓度。
将甘蓝叶片浸入所需浓度的活性化合物制剂中处理,在叶片仍湿润时接入辣根猿叶甲(Phaedon cochleariae)幼虫。
经过所需时间后,确定以%计的死亡率。100%表示已杀死所有猿叶甲幼虫;0%表示无猿叶甲幼虫被杀死。
本试验中,例如,下列制备实施例的化合物在1000ppm的浓度下表现出≥90%的活性:实施例I-2-a-2、实施例I-2-b-2、实施例I-1-a-2、实施例I-1-a-1、实施例I-1-a-3、实施例I-1-a-4、实施例I-1-c-3、实施例I-1-c-4、实施例I-1-c-5、实施例I-1-b-1、实施例I-1-c-1。
实施例D
小菜蛾试验(7∶1)
溶剂: 7重量份二甲基甲酰胺
乳化剂:1重量份烷基芳基聚乙二醇醚
为制备合适的活性化合物制剂,将1重量份的活性化合物与所述量的溶剂和乳化剂混合,并将浓液用含有乳化剂的水稀释至所需浓度。
将甘蓝叶片浸入所需浓度的活性化合物制剂中进行处理,在叶子仍湿润时接入小菜蛾(Plutell axylostella)幼虫。
经过所需时间后,确定以%计的死亡率。100%表示已杀死所有幼虫;0%表示无幼虫被杀死。
本试验中,例如,下列制备实施例的化合物在1000ppm的浓度下表现出100%的活性:实施例I-2-a-2、I-2-b-2、I-1-a-2。
实施例E
草地贪夜蛾试验(7∶1)
溶剂: 7重量份二甲基甲酰胺
乳化剂:1重量份烷基芳基聚乙二醇醚
为制备合适的活性化合物制剂,将1重量份的活性化合物与所述量的溶剂和乳化剂混合,并将浓液用含有乳化剂的水稀释至所需浓度。
将甘蓝叶片浸入所需浓度的活性化合物制剂中进行处理,在叶子仍湿润时接入草地贪夜蛾(Spodoptera frugiperda)幼虫。
经过所需时间后,确定以%计的死亡率。100%表示已杀死所有幼虫;0%表示无幼虫被杀死。
本试验中,例如,下列制备实施例的化合物在1000ppm的浓度下表现出≥85%的活性:实施例I-2-a-2、实施例I-2-b-2、实施例I-1-a-2、实施例I-1-a-3、实施例I-1-c-3。
实施例F
黑尾叶蝉试验(7∶1)
溶剂: 7重量份二甲基甲酰胺
乳化剂:1重量份烷基芳基聚乙二醇醚
为制备合适的活性化合物制剂,将1重量份的活性化合物与所述量的溶剂和乳化剂混合,并将浓液用含有乳化剂的水稀释至所需浓度。
将稻(Oryza sativa)秧苗浸入所需浓度的活性化合物制剂中进行处理,在叶子仍湿润时接入黑尾叶蝉(Nephotettix cincticeps)幼虫。
经过所需时间后,确定以%计的死亡率。100%表示已杀死所有叶蝉幼虫;0%表示无叶蝉幼虫被杀死。
本试验中,例如,下列制备实施例的化合物在1000ppm的浓度下表现出100%的活性:实施例I-2-a-2、实施例I-2-b-2、实施例I-1-a-2。
实施例G
二斑叶螨试验(7∶1)(OP抗性/浸入处理)
溶剂: 7重量份二甲基甲酰胺
乳化剂:1重量份烷基芳基聚乙二醇醚
为制备合适的活性化合物制剂,将1重量份的活性化合物与所述量的溶剂和乳化剂混合,并将浓液用含有乳化剂的水稀释至所需浓度。
将被所有生长阶段的二斑叶螨(Tetranychus urticae)严重侵害的菜豆(Phaseolus vulgaris)植株浸入所需浓度的活性化合物制剂中进行处理。
经过所需时间后,确定以%计的活性。100%表示已杀死所有螨虫;0%表示无螨虫被杀死。
本试验中,例如,下列制备实施例的化合物在100ppm的浓度下表现出≥98%的活性:实施例I-1-a-1、实施例I-1-a-3、实施例I-1-a-4、实施例I-1-c-4。
实施例H
南方根结线虫试验(7∶1)
溶剂: 7重量份二甲基甲酰胺
乳化剂:1重量份烷基芳基聚乙二醇醚
为制备合适的活性化合物制剂,将1重量份的活性化合物与所述量的溶剂和乳化剂混合,并将浓液用水稀释至所需浓度。
将容器中装入沙、活性化合物溶液、南方根结线虫(Meloidogyneincognita)卵/幼虫悬浮液和莴苣种子。莴苣种子发芽并长出植株。在根部形成虫瘿。
经过所需时间后,通过形成的虫瘿确定以%计的杀线虫活性。100%表示没有发现虫瘿;0%表示处理过的植株的虫瘿数量与未处理对照组的虫瘿数量相当。
本试验中,例如,下列制备实施例的化合物在20ppm的浓度下表现出95%的活性:实施例I-1-a-4。
实施例I
桃蚜试验
溶剂: 7重量份的二甲基甲酰胺
乳化剂:2重量份的烷基芳基聚乙二醇醚
为制备合适的活性化合物制剂,将1重量份的活性化合物与所述量的溶剂和乳化剂混合,并将浓液用含有乳化剂的水稀释至所需浓度。
将被桃蚜严重侵染的甘蓝叶浸入所需浓度的活性化合物制剂中处理。
经过所需时间后,确定以%计的死亡率。100%表示已杀死所有蚜虫;0%表示无蚜虫被杀死。
本试验中,例如,下列制备实施例的化合物在100ppm的浓度下表现出≥80%的活性:实施例I-2-a-5、I-1-a-11、I-1-a-14、I-1-a-12、I-1-a-13。
实施例J
二斑叶螨试验(OP抗性/浸入处理)
溶剂: 7重量份二甲基甲酰胺
乳化剂:2重量份烷基芳基聚乙二醇醚
为制备合适的活性化合物制剂,将1重量份的活性化合物与所述量的溶剂和乳化剂混合,并将浓液用含有乳化剂的水稀释至所需浓度。
将被所有生长阶段的二斑叶螨严重侵染的菜豆植株浸入所需浓度的活性化合物制剂中进行处理。
经过所需时间后,确定以%计的活性。100%表示已杀死所有螨虫;0%表示无螨虫被杀死。
本试验中,例如,下列制备实施例的化合物在100ppm的浓度下表现出≥90%的活性:实施例I-1-a-11、实施例I-1-a-14、实施例I-1-a-12、实施例I-1-a-21、实施例I-1-a-22、实施例I-1-a-9、实施例I-1-a-43、实施例I-1-a-46、实施例I-1-a-53、实施例I-1-a-70、实施例I-1-c-16、实施例I-1-c-20。
实施例K
南方根结线虫试验
溶剂: 7重量份二甲基甲酰胺
乳化剂:2重量份烷基芳基聚乙二醇醚
为制备合适的活性化合物制剂,将1重量份的活性化合物与所述量的溶剂和乳化剂混合,并将浓液用水稀释至所需浓度。
将容器中装入沙、活性化合物溶液、南方根结线虫卵/幼虫悬浮液和莴苣种子。莴苣种子发芽并长出植株。在根部形成虫瘿。
经过所需时间后,通过形成的虫瘿确定以%计的杀线虫活性。100%表示没有发现虫瘿;0%表示处理过的植株的虫瘿数量与未处理对照组的虫瘿数量相当。
本试验中,例如,下列制备实施例的化合物在20ppm的浓度下表现出80%的活性:实施例I-1-a-12。
实施例L
棉蚜试验
溶剂: 7重量份二甲基甲酰胺
乳化剂:2重量份烷基芳基聚乙二醇醚
为制备合适的活性化合物制剂,将1重量份的活性化合物与所述量的溶剂和乳化剂混合,并将浓液用含有乳化剂的水稀释至所需浓度。
将被棉蚜严重侵染的陆地棉叶浸入所需浓度的活性化合物制剂中处理。
经过所需时间后,确定以%计的死亡率。100%表示已杀死所有蚜虫;0%表示无蚜虫被杀死。
本试验中,例如,下列制备实施例的化合物在100ppm的浓度下表现出≥80%的活性:实施例I-1-a-19、实施例I-1-a-7、实施例I-1-a-14、实施例I-1-a-30、实施例I-1-a-31、实施例I-1-a-38、实施例I-1-a-48、实施例I-1-a-50、实施例I-1-a-53、实施例I-1-a-56、实施例I-1-a-58、实施例I-1-a-63、实施例I-1-b-4、实施例I-1-c-15、实施例I-1-c-19、实施例I-1-c-20、实施例I-1-c-32、实施例I-2-a-5。
实施例M
辣根猿叶甲幼虫试验
溶剂: 7重量份二甲基甲酰胺
乳化剂:2重量份烷基芳基聚乙二醇醚
为制备合适的活性化合物制剂,将1重量份的活性化合物与所述量的溶剂和乳化剂混合,并将浓液用含有乳化剂的水稀释至所需浓度。
将甘蓝叶片浸入所需浓度的活性化合物制剂中处理,在叶片仍湿润时接入辣根猿叶甲幼虫。
经过所需时间后,确定以%计的死亡率。100%表示已杀死所有猿叶甲幼虫;0%表示无猿叶甲幼虫被杀死。
本试验中,例如,下列制备实施例的化合物在100ppm的浓度下表现出100%的活性:实施例I-1-a-23。
实施例N
辣根猿叶甲试验(喷雾处理)
溶剂: 78重量份丙酮
1.5重量份二甲基甲酰胺
乳化剂:0.5重量份烷基芳基聚乙二醇醚
为制备合适的活性化合物制剂,将1重量份的活性化合物与所述量的溶剂和乳化剂混合,并将浓液用含有乳化剂的水稀释至所需浓度。
将大白菜(Brassica pekinensis)圆叶片用所需浓度的活性化合物制剂喷雾,变干后接入辣根猿叶甲幼虫。
经过所需时间后,确定以%计的活性。100%表示已杀死所有猿叶甲幼虫;0%表示无猿叶甲幼虫被杀死。
本试验中,例如,下列制备实施例的化合物在100g/ha的施用率下表现出≥80%的活性:实施例I-1-a-15、实施例I-1-c-9、实施例I-1-a-21,以及下列制备实施例的化合物在500g/ha的施用率下表现出100%的活性:实施例I-1-a-18、实施例I-1-a-20、实施例I-1-a-22、实施例I-1-a-8、实施例I-1-a-10、实施例I-1-a-7、实施例I-1-a-9、实施例I-1-c-6、实施例I-1-a-16、实施例I-1-a-24、实施例I-1-a-27、实施例I-1-a-30、实施例I-1-a-31、实施例I-1-a-32、实施例I-1-a-33、实施例I-1-a-34、实施例I-1-a-38、实施例I-1-a-39、实施例I-1-a-43、实施例I-1-a-45、实施例I-1-a-46、实施例I-1-a-47、实施例I-1-a-49、实施例I-1-a-51、实施例I-1-a-52、实施例I-1-a-53、实施例I-1-a-54、实施例I-1-a-56、实施例I-1-a-61、实施例I-1-a-63、实施例I-1-a-64、实施例I-1-a-65、实施例I-1-a-66、实施例I-1-a-67、实施例I-1-a-68、实施例I-1-a-71、实施例I-1-c-19、实施例I-1-c-31、实施例I-1-c-34。
实施例O
二斑叶螨试验(OP抗性/喷雾处理)
溶剂: 78重量份丙酮
1.5重量份二甲基甲酰胺
乳化剂:0.5重量份烷基芳基聚乙二醇醚
为制备合适的活性化合物制剂,将1重量份的活性化合物与所述量的溶剂和乳化剂混合,并将浓液用含有乳化剂的水稀释至所需浓度。
将被所有生长阶段的二斑叶螨严重侵害的菜豆植株浸入所需浓度的活性化合物制剂中进行处理。
经过所需时间后,确定以%计的活性。100%表示已杀死所有螨虫;0%表示无螨虫被杀死。
本试验中,例如,下列制备实施例的化合物在100g/ha的施用率下表现出≥80%的活性:实施例I-2-b-1、实施例I-1-a-16、实施例I-1-a-15、实施例I-1-c-9、实施例I-1-c-11、实施例I-1-a-23、实施例I-1-c-6、实施例I-1-a-24、实施例I-1-a-27和实施例I-1-a-38、实施例I-1-a-50、实施例I-1-a-58、实施例I-1-c-24、实施例I-1-c-43。
实施例P
南方根结线虫试验(喷雾处理)
溶剂:80重量份丙酮
为制备合适的活性化合物制剂,将1重量份的活性化合物与所述量的溶剂混合,并将浓液用水稀释至所需浓度。
将容器中装入沙、活性化合物溶液、南方根结线虫卵/幼虫悬浮液和莴苣种子。莴苣种子发芽并长出植株。在根部形成虫瘿。
经过所需时间后,通过形成的虫瘿确定以%计的杀线虫活性。100%表示没有发现虫瘿;0%表示处理过的植株的虫瘿数量与未处理对照组的虫瘿数量相当。
本试验中,例如,下列制备实施例的化合物在20ppm的浓度下表现出100%的活性:实施例I-1-a-15。
实施例Q
桃蚜试验(喷雾处理)
溶剂: 78重量份丙酮
1.5重量份二甲基甲酰胺
乳化剂:0.5重量份烷基芳基聚乙二醇醚
为制备合适的活性化合物制剂,将1重量份的活性化合物与所述量的溶剂和乳化剂混合,并将浓液用含有乳化剂的水稀释至所需浓度。
将被所有阶段的桃蚜侵染的大白菜圆叶片用所需浓度的活性化合物制剂喷雾。
经过所需时间后,确定以%计的活性。100%表示已杀死所有蚜虫;0%表示无蚜虫被杀死。
本试验中,例如,下列制备实施例的化合物在500g/ha的施用率下表现出≥90%的活性:实施例I-1-a-18、实施例I-1-a-19、实施例I-1-c-10、实施例I-1-a-20、实施例I-1-c-11、实施例I-1-a-23、实施例I-1-a-21、实施例I-1-a-22、实施例I-1-a-8、实施例I-1-a-10、实施例I-1-a-7、实施例I-1-a-9、实施例I-1-c-6、实施例I-2-a-1、实施例I-2-a-3、实施例I-2-a-4、实施例I-2-a-7、实施例I-2-b-1、实施例I-2-b-3、实施例I-2-b-4、实施例I-2-a-5、实施例I-1-a-16、实施例I-1-a-24、实施例I-1-a-26、实施例I-1-a-28、实施例I-1-a-29、实施例I-1-a-30、实施例I-1-a-31、实施例I-1-a-32、实施例I-1-a-33、实施例I-1-a-34、实施例I-1-a-35、实施例I-1-a-36、实施例I-1-a-37、实施例I-1-a-38、实施例I-1-a-39、实施例I-1-a-40、实施例I-1-a-41、实施例I-1-a-42、实施例I-1-a-43、实施例I-1-a-44、实施例I-1-a-45、实施例I-1-a-46、实施例I-1-a-47、实施例I-1-a-48、实施例I-1-a-49、实施例I-1-a-50、实施例I-1-a-51、实施例I-1-a-52、实施例I-1-a-53、实施例I-1-a-54、实施例I-1-a-56、实施例I-1-a-57、实施例I-1-a-58、实施例I-1-a-59、实施例I-1-a-60、实施例I-1-a-61、实施例I-1-a-62、实施例I-1-a-63、实施例I-1-a-64、实施例I-1-a-65、实施例I-1-a-66、实施例I-1-a-67、实施例I-1-a-69、实施例I-1-a-70、实施例I-1-a-71、实施例I-1-b-4、实施例I-1-b-6、实施例I-1-b-7、实施例I-1-b-8、实施例I-1-b-10、实施例I-1-b-11、实施例I-1-c-14、实施例I-1-c-15、实施例I-1-c-16、实施例I-1-c-17、实施例I-1-c-18、实施例I-1-c-19、实施例I-1-c-20、实施例I-1-c-21、实施例I-1-c-22、实施例I-1-c-23、实施例I-1-c-24、实施例I-1-c-25、实施例I-1-c-26、实施例I-1-c-30、实施例I-1-c-31、实施例I-1-c-32、实施例I-1-c-33、实施例I-1-c-34、实施例I-1-c-35、实施例I-1-c-36、实施例I-1-c-40、实施例I-1-c-41、实施例I-1-c-42、实施例I-1-c-43。
实施例R
草地贪夜蛾试验(喷雾处理)
溶剂: 78重量份丙酮
1.5重量份二甲基甲酰胺
乳化剂:0.5重量份烷基芳基聚乙二醇醚
为制备合适的活性化合物制剂,将1重量份的活性化合物与所述量的溶剂和乳化剂混合,并将浓液用含有乳化剂的水稀释至所需浓度。
将玉米(Zea mays)圆叶片用所需浓度的活性化合物制剂喷雾,变干后接入草地贪夜蛾幼虫。
经过所需时间后,确定以%计的活性。100%表示已杀死所有幼虫;0%表示无幼虫被杀死。
本试验中,例如,下列制备实施例的化合物在500g/ha的施用率下表现出≥80%的活性:实施例I-2-a-7、实施例I-1-a-16、实施例I-1-a-21、实施例I-1-a-22、实施例I-1-a-8、实施例I-1-a-10、实施例I-1-a-27、实施例I-1-a-31、实施例I-1-a-49、实施例I-1-a-51、实施例I-1-a-52、实施例I-1-a-54、实施例I-1-a-64、实施例I-1-a-65、实施例I-1-a-66、实施例I-1-a-67、实施例I-1-c-16、实施例I-1-c-19、实施例I-1-c-31、实施例I-1-c-36、实施例I-1-c-40。
实施例S
桃蚜试验(水培处理)
溶剂: 7重量份二甲基甲酰胺
乳化剂:2重量份烷基芳基聚乙二醇醚
为制备合适的活性化合物制剂,将1重量份的活性化合物与所述量的溶剂和乳化剂混合,并将浓液用水稀释至所需浓度。
将活性化合物制剂与水混合。给出的浓度以每单位体积水中活性化合物的量表示(mg/l=ppm)。在带有一株豌豆植株(Pisum sativum)的容器中加入经处理的水。经过所需时间后用桃蚜侵染植株。
经过所需时间后,确定以%计的死亡率。100%表示已杀死所有蚜虫;0%表示无蚜虫被杀死。
本试验中,例如,下列制备实施例的化合物在20ppm的浓度下表现出≥95%的活性:实施例I-1-a-23、实施例I-1-a-21、实施例I-1-a-7、实施例I-1-a-24、实施例I-1-a-26、实施例I-1-a-30、实施例I-1-a-32、实施例I-1-a-34、实施例I-1-a-35、实施例I-1-a-36、实施例I-1-a-38、实施例I-1-a-39、实施例I-1-a-40、实施例I-1-a-42、实施例I-1-a-43、实施例I-1-a-44、实施例I-1-a-45、实施例I-1-a-46、实施例I-1-a-47、实施例I-1-a-48、实施例I-1-a-50、实施例I-1-a-53、实施例I-1-a-56、实施例I-1-a-57、实施例I-1-a-58、实施例I-1-a-59、实施例I-1-a-69、实施例I-1-a-70、实施例I-1-a-71、实施例I-1-b-4、实施例I-1-b-8、实施例I-1-b-10、实施例I-1-b-11、实施例I-1-c-15、实施例I-1-c-17、实施例I-1-c-19、实施例I-1-c-20、实施例I-1-c-23、实施例I-1-c-24、实施例I-1-c-25、实施例I-1-c-32、实施例I-1-c-43。
实施例T
苗后试验
溶剂: 5重量份丙酮
乳化剂:1重量份烷基芳基聚乙二醇醚
为制备合适的活性化合物制剂,将1重量份的活性化合物与所述量的溶剂混合,加入所述量的乳化剂并将该浓液用水稀释至所需浓度。
用该活性化合物制剂对高度为5-15cm的供试植株喷雾,使单位面积上施用所需的特定量的活性化合物。喷雾液的浓度选择为使得所需的特定量的活性化合物以1000l水/ha施用。
三周后,评估与未处理对照组相比以%计的对植株的损坏程度。
数字表示
0%=无效果(类似于未处理对照组)
100%=完全损坏
实施例U
苗前试验(活性化合物除草剂Monheim的检验)
溶剂: 5重量份丙酮
乳化剂:1重量份烷基芳基聚乙二醇醚
为制备合适的活性化合物制剂,将1重量份的活性化合物与所述量的溶剂混合,加入所述量的乳化剂并将浓液用水稀释至所需浓度。
将供试植物的种子播种在常规土壤中。约24小时后,用该活性化合物制剂在土壤上喷雾,使单位面积上施用所需的特定量的活性化合物。喷洒液的浓度选择为使得所需的特定量的活性化合物以1000l水/ha施用。
三周后,评估与未处理对照组相比以%计的对植株的损坏程度。
数字表示
0%=无效果(类似于未处理对照组)
100%=完全损坏
温室 | 活性化合物浓度g有效成分/ha | 稗 | 狗尾草 | 苋 | 拉拉藤 | 白芥 |
实施例I-1-a-4 | 250 | 100 | 100 | 95 | 70 | 70 |
温室 | 活性化合物浓度g有效成分/ha | 看麦娘 | 野燕麦(Avenafatua) | 稗 | 狗尾草 | 白芥 |
实施例I-1-c-4 | 250 | 80 | - | 90 | 99 | 80 |
实施例I-1-b-1 | 250 | 70 | 70 | 80 | 95 | 70 |
实施例I-1-a-11 | 250 | 90 | 70 | 80 | 90 | - |
温室 | 活性化合物浓度g有效成分/ha | 甜菜 | 看麦娘 | 野燕麦 | 稗 | 狗尾草 |
实施例I-1-a-14 | 250 | 0 | 95 | 80 | 80 | 90 |
实施例I-1-a-15 | 250 | 0 | 95 | 80 | 99 | 70 |
温室 | 活性化合物浓度g有效成分/ha | 看麦娘 | 稗 | 狗尾草 |
实施例I-1-a-11 | 250 | 80 | 80 | 100 |
实施例V
1.苗前除草作用
将单子叶和双子叶的杂草和作物植物的种子放入木纤维容器中的沙质壤土中并用土壤覆盖。然后将制剂为可湿性粉剂(WP)的供试化合物以添加了0.2%湿润剂的水悬浮液的形式以600l/ha的水施用率(已换算)以不同剂量施用于覆盖土壤的表面。
处理后,将容器置于温室中并保持在对供试植物而言较好的生长条件下。经过3周试验期后,通过与未处理对照组进行比较目测评价试验植株出苗损坏情况(以百分比(%)表示除草效果:100%效果=植株死亡,0%效果=与对照植株类似)。
除以上提及的化合物外,通过该苗前方法以320g有效成分/ha施用的以下化合物对Solium multiflorum和狗尾草(Setaria viridis)表现出≥80%的活性:实施例I-1-a-24、实施例I-1-a-39、实施例I-1-a-40、实施例I-1-a-42、实施例I-1-a-43、实施例I-1-a-44、实施例I-1-a-45、实施例I-1-a-48、实施例I-1-a-69、实施例I-1-a-71、实施例I-1-b-4、实施例I-1-b-5、实施例I-1-b-8、实施例I-1-b-9、实施例I-1-b-10、实施例I-1-c-14、实施例I-1-c-15、实施例I-1-c-23、实施例I-1-c-25、实施例I-1-c-42和实施例I-1-c-43。
2.苗后除草作用
将单子叶和双子叶的杂草和作物植物的种子放入木纤维容器中的沙质壤土中,用土壤覆盖并在温室中在较好的生长条件下培养。播种后2-3周,在一叶期处理供试植物。然后将制剂为可湿性粉剂(WP)的供试化合物以添加了0.2%湿润剂的形式以600l/ha的水施用率(已换算)以不同剂量喷雾在植物的绿色部位上。将供试植物在温室中在最佳生长条件下保持约3周后,通过与未处理对照组相比较目测评价制剂的效果(以百分比(%)表示除草效果:100%效果=植株死亡,0%效果=与对照植株类似)。
温室 | 活性化合物浓度g有效成分/ha | 黑麦草 | 狗尾草 | 白芥 | 稗 |
实施例I-1-a-18 | 320 | 80 | 100 | - | 90 |
温室 | 活性化合物浓度g有效成分/ha | 黑麦草 | 狗尾草 | 白芥 | 稗 |
实施例I-1-a-19 | 320 | 90 | 90 | 70 | 90 |
实施例I-2-a-6 | 320 | 80 | 80 | 60 | 60 |
实施例I-2-b-3 | 320 | 100 | 90 | - | 80 |
实施例I-1-a-2 | 320 | 70 | 90 | 60 | 80 |
实施例I-1-a-7 | 320 | 80 | 80 | 60 | 60 |
实施例I-1-a-21 | 320 | 80 | 90 | 70 | 80 |
实施例I-1-a-22 | 320 | 70 | 80 | 70 | 100 |
实施例I-1-c-6 | 320 | 90 | 90 | 60 | 80 |
温室 | 活性化合物浓度g有效成分/ha | 黑麦草 | 狗尾草 | 苋 | 白芥 | 稗 |
实施例I-2-a-2 | 320 | 90 | 100 | 60 | 70 | 80 |
温室 | 活性化合物浓度g有效成分/ha | 黑麦草 | 狗尾草 | 苋 | 繁缕 |
实施例I-2-a-5 | 320 | 100 | 70 | 70 | 60 |
除以上提及的化合物外,通过该苗后方法以320g有效成分/ha施用的以下化合物对稗(Echinocloa crus-galli)、黑麦草(Loliummultiflorum)和狗尾草表现出≥80%的活性:实施例I-1-a-10、实施例I-1-a-18、实施例I-1-a-19、实施例I-1-a-21、实施例I-1-a-24、实施例I-1-a-25、实施例I-1-a-27、实施例I-1-a-39、实施例I-1-a-40、实施例I-1-a-42、实施例I-1-a-45、实施例I-1-a-48、实施例I-1-a-71、实施例I-1-b-8、实施例I-1-b-9、实施例I-1-b-10、实施例I-1-b-11、实施例I-1-c-6、实施例I-1-c-15、实施例I-1-c-23、实施例I-1-c-25、实施例I-1-c-26、实施例I-1-c-42、实施例I-1-c-43、实施例I-2-a-2和实施例I-2-b-3。
Profiling试验的试验说明
2.苗后除草作用
将单子叶和双子叶的杂草和作物植物的种子放入木纤维容器或塑料容器中的沙质壤土中,用土壤覆盖并在温室中——在植物生长期也置于温室外——在较好的生长条件下培养。播种后2-3周,在一叶期至三叶期处理供试植物。将制剂为可湿性粉剂(WP)或乳油(EC)的供试化合物以添加了湿润剂(0.2%至0.3%)的形式以300l/ha的水施用率(已换算)以不同剂量喷雾在植物上和土壤表面。供试植物处理3-4周后,通过与未处理对照组相比较目测评价制剂的效果(以百分比(%)表示除草效果:100%效果=植株死亡,0%效果=与对照植株类似)。
使用安全剂:
如果另外测试安全剂是否能提高供试物质对作物植物的植物相容性,则使用以下选项的方法施用安全剂:
-将作物植物的种子在播种之前用安全剂物质拌种(安全剂的量以百分比表示,基于种子的重量计)
-在施用供试物质之前,将作物植物用安全剂以每公顷一定的施用率喷雾(通常在施用供试物质之前1天)
-将安全剂与供试物质以桶混制剂的形式共同施用(安全剂的量以g/ha或以基于除草剂计的比例表示)。
通过比较供试物质在用或不用安全剂处理的情况下对作物植物的影响,可评价安全剂物质的效果。
温室中谷类的容器试验
施用除草剂之前1天施用吡咯二酸(mefenpyr)
表1
施用后10天
表2
施用后28天
表3
施用后28天
实施例W
关键浓度(critical concentration)试验/土壤昆虫——处理转基因植物
供试昆虫:黄瓜条叶甲(Diabrotica balteata)——土壤中的幼虫
溶剂: 7重量份丙酮
乳化剂:1重量份烷基芳基聚乙二醇醚
为制备合适的活性化合物制剂,将1重量份的活性化合物与所述量的溶剂混合,加入所述量的乳化剂并将浓液用水稀释至所需浓度。
将该活性化合物制剂倒在土壤上。此处制剂中活性化合物的浓度实际上不重要;只与以ppm(mg/l)表示的每单位体积土壤中的活性化合物的重量有关。将土壤装入0.25l容器中,使其保持在20℃。
制备后,立刻将5颗YIELD GUARD(商标,来自Monsanto Comp.,美国)品种的经过催芽的玉米置于每个容器中。2天后,将适合的供试昆虫放入经过处理的土壤中。再过7天后,通过计数长出的玉米植株数确定活性化合物的药效(1株植物=20%活性)。
实施例X
美洲烟夜蛾试验——处理转基因植物
溶剂: 7重量份丙酮
乳化剂:1重量份烷基芳基聚乙二醇醚
为制备合适的活性化合物制剂,将1重量份的活性化合物与所述量的溶剂和所述量的乳化剂混合,并将浓液用水稀释至所需浓度。
将Roundup Ready(商标,来自Monsanto Comp.,美国)品种的大豆(Glycine max)幼苗浸入所需浓度的活性化合物制剂中处理,在叶片仍湿润时接入美洲烟夜蛾(Heliothis virescens)幼虫。
经过所需时间后,确定昆虫死亡率。
Claims (9)
9.式(XXⅢ’”)化合物
其中
Q3如权利要求1所定义,并且
q代表0、1、2或3。
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DE10351647A1 (de) | 2003-11-05 | 2005-06-09 | Bayer Cropscience Ag | 2-Halogen-6-alkyl-phenyl substituierte Tetramsäure-Derivate |
DE10354628A1 (de) | 2003-11-22 | 2005-06-16 | Bayer Cropscience Ag | 2-Ethyl-4,6-dimethyl-phenyl-substituierte Tetramsäure-Derivate |
DE10354629A1 (de) | 2003-11-22 | 2005-06-30 | Bayer Cropscience Ag | 2-Ethyl-4,6-dimethyl-phenyl substituierte spirocyclische Tetramsäure-Derivate |
DE102004001433A1 (de) | 2004-01-09 | 2005-08-18 | Bayer Cropscience Ag | cis-Alkoxyspiro-substituierte Tetramsäure-Derivate |
DE102004014620A1 (de) | 2004-03-25 | 2005-10-06 | Bayer Cropscience Ag | 2,4,6-phenylsubstituierte cyclische Ketoenole |
DE102004030753A1 (de) | 2004-06-25 | 2006-01-19 | Bayer Cropscience Ag | 3'-Alkoxy spirocyclische Tetram- und Tretronsäuren |
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2005
- 2005-02-22 DE DE102005008021A patent/DE102005008021A1/de not_active Withdrawn
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2006
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- 2006-02-08 DK DK06701829.1T patent/DK1855529T3/en active
- 2006-02-08 AU AU2006218154A patent/AU2006218154B2/en active Active
- 2006-02-08 EP EP06701829.1A patent/EP1855529B1/de active Active
- 2006-02-08 CA CA2597777A patent/CA2597777C/en active Active
- 2006-02-08 CN CN2010102161847A patent/CN101885700A/zh active Pending
- 2006-02-08 JP JP2007555500A patent/JP5095419B2/ja active Active
- 2006-02-08 KR KR1020077020676A patent/KR101351261B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2006-02-08 CN CN2010102161743A patent/CN101885719A/zh active Pending
- 2006-02-08 UA UAA200710559A patent/UA88949C2/ru unknown
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- 2006-02-08 CN CN201010216182A patent/CN101863873A/zh active Pending
- 2006-02-21 TW TW095105685A patent/TWI389640B/zh active
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2007
- 2007-08-14 IL IL185253A patent/IL185253A/en active IP Right Grant
- 2007-08-17 ZA ZA200706980A patent/ZA200706980B/xx unknown
- 2007-09-10 MA MA30206A patent/MA29324B1/fr unknown
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2011
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