CN100536122C - 混合集成电路器件及其制造方法和电子装置 - Google Patents

混合集成电路器件及其制造方法和电子装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN100536122C
CN100536122C CNB2007101481776A CN200710148177A CN100536122C CN 100536122 C CN100536122 C CN 100536122C CN B2007101481776 A CNB2007101481776 A CN B2007101481776A CN 200710148177 A CN200710148177 A CN 200710148177A CN 100536122 C CN100536122 C CN 100536122C
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circuit board
terminal
power amplifier
amplifier module
back side
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CN101110404A (zh
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森山伸治
山田富男
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Renesas Electronics Corp
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Hitachi Ltd
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Abstract

一种具有高度安装可靠性的混合集成电路器件,它包含是为陶瓷布线基板的模块基板、设置在模块基板主表面上的多个电子元件、设置在模块基板背面上的多个电极端子、以及被固定到模块基板以覆盖模块基板主表面的帽盖。电极端子包括多个沿模块基板边沿对准的电极端子以及位于比这些电极端子更里面的电源端子。沿基板边沿对准的电极端子至少在其靠近基板边沿的部分处,被厚度为几十微米或以下的保护膜涂敷。连接加固端子由多个彼此独立的是为接地端子的分离端子组成。

Description

混合集成电路器件及其制造方法和电子装置
本申请是申请号为02804647.1、申请日为2002年1月25日、发明名称为“混合集成电路器件及其制造方法和电子装置”的专利申请的分案申请。
技术领域
本发明涉及到混合集成电路器件及组合有此混合集成电路器件的电子装置,确切地说是涉及到有效地用于诸如蜂窝电话装置之类的无线通信装置的发射机的高频功率放大器模块的技术,以及涉及到组合有这种高频功率放大器模块的无线通信装置(便携式电话)。
背景技术
一种熟知的混合集成电路器件是用于诸如汽车电话和便携式电话之类的移动通信装置的无线通信部分的高频功率放大器模块。
日本未经审查的专利公开No.Hei 8(1996)-148597和No.Hei9(1997)-18145描述了混合集成电路器件。
专利公开No.Hei 8(1996)-148597描述了LGA(网格焊盘阵列)型的半导体模块。
专利公开No.Hei 9(1997)-18145描述了一种技术,此技术基于退火工艺之前的在层叠的坯层的表面上形成电极端子,然后在层叠的坯层上层叠图形化的坯层(在其面对电极端子的位置处形成有直径比电极端子小的通孔的坯层)同时留下小面积的电极端子的制造工艺,来防止在陶瓷多层基板中出现从其在电极端子边沿处的位置进入基板内部的裂纹。
就减小尺寸和性能升级而言,用于便携式电话装置的高频功率放大器的目的是技术进步。借助于将位于模块底部边沿的电极端子(连接端子)焊接到安装板上的焊盘,高频功率放大器模块被按照在安装板(电路板)上。具体地说,借助于置于安装板上而安置高频功率放大器模块,并对已经被涂敷到安装板的焊盘的焊料进行加热(以便回流),致使各个模块端子被焊接到各个焊盘并被固定到安装板。
近年来,用于高频功率放大器模块的LGA结构越来越倾向于满足尺寸减小、性能升级、管脚增加、以及安装面积减小的要求。
有关为便携式电话装置设计的高频功率放大器模块的LGA结构,本发明人已经确认了下列方案。
图24是示意图,解释了由本发明人在本发明之前进行的研究所发现的高频功率放大器模块的错误安装。高频功率放大器模块具有其由多层陶瓷布线基板组成的基板1,而各个电极端子2被制作在背面以便沿基板边沿对准。
借助于将电极端子2重叠在形成在板3上表面上的焊盘(脚印)4上,并熔融(以便回流)已经被涂敷到焊盘4和电极端子2表面的焊料5,致使电极端子2被焊接固定到焊盘4,高频功率放大器模块被安装(固定)在安装板3上。虽然此图仅仅示出了一个电极端子2,但沿模块基板1底部周围边沿形成的所有电极端子都被连接到焊盘,从而完成模块的安装。
但已经发现,如图24所示,此高频功率放大器模块在模块基板1中出现裂纹,导致高频功率放大器模块的可靠性下降。
电极端子2和焊料5都是金属性的,其键合强度因而比陶瓷模块基板1与电极端子2之间的键合强度更大。此外,陶瓷模块基板1的热膨胀系数约为7×10-6/℃,而安装板3是玻璃-环氧树脂板(由玻璃纤维和环氧树脂制成),其热膨胀系数约为16×10-6/℃,表现出很大的差别。
结果,由于安装板3与电极端子2之间的热膨胀和收缩的差别所引起的应力,比较脆弱的模块基板1就易于出现裂纹6。如图24所示,此裂纹开始于受到大应力的位置(点),且深入发展到模块基板1内部。图中的虚线表示引起裂纹的应力的方向。裂纹6的发展能够使高频功率放大器模块的可靠性降低。
如上所述,上述专利公开No.Hei 9(1997)-18145描述了一种技术,此技术基于退火工艺之前的在层叠的坯层的表面上形成电极端子,然后在层叠的坯层上层叠图形化的坯层(在其靠近电极端子的位置处形成有直径比电极端子小的通孔的坯层)同时留下小面积的电极端子的制造工艺,来防止在陶瓷多层基板中出现从其在电极端子边沿处的位置进入基板内部的裂纹,但没有详细描述裂纹发展的机制。
本发明的发明人已经发现下列事实,即裂纹易于出现在模块基板中位于靠近模块基板二端边沿的电极端子靠近基板边沿的位置处。亦即,借助于至少用保护膜涂敷这些位置,能够减轻易于出现在位于靠近模块基板1边沿的电极端子2靠近基板边沿的位置处的裂纹的发展。
关于上述常规技术,亦即用在面对电极端子的位置处形成直径比电极端子小的通孔的坯层重叠,随后退火,为了防止损伤边沿部分,必须形成通孔最窄的宽的边沿部分,导致更大的坯层,从而导致尺寸增大的高频功率放大器模块。
而且,另一坯层上重叠有通孔的坯层必须有裕度,以便确保电极端子边沿的覆盖,导致更大得多的坯层。
因此,基于重叠坯层的常规技术引起坯层尺寸增大,这阻碍了模块板尺寸的减小,从而阻碍了高频功率放大器模决尺寸的减小。
为了无损伤的处理,具有通孔的坯层必须加厚到一定程度,额外的坯层材料的使用,导致模块成本上升。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种具有高度安装可靠性的混合集成电路器件以及一种组合有这种混合集成电路器件的电子装置。
本发明的另一目的是提供一种具有高度安装可靠性并具有降低制造成本潜力的混合集成电路器件以及一种组合有这种混合集成电路器件的电子装置。
本发明的再一目的是提供一种具有高度安装可靠性的高频功率放大器模块以及一种组合有这种高频功率放大器模块的无线通信装置。
本发明的又一目的是提供一种具有高度安装可靠性并具有降低制造成本潜力的高频功率放大器模块以及一种组合有这种高频功率放大器模块的无线通信装置。
从下列描述和附图中,本发明的这些和其它的目的和新颖特点将变的明显。
本说明书所公开的本发明概述如下:
(1)本发明的混合集成电路器件的结构如下。它包含是为矩形陶瓷布线基板的模块基板、设置在模块基板主表面上的多个电子元件、设置在模块基板背面上的多个电极端子、以及被固定到模块基板以覆盖模块基板主表面的金属帽盖。电极端子包括多个沿模块基板边沿对准的电极端子以及位于比这些电极端子更里面的电源端子。沿模块基板边沿对准的电极端子至少在其靠近基板边沿的部分被保护膜涂敷。多个半导体放大元件被串联连接在模块基板上,以便形成高频功率放大器模块。用印刷方法将是为玻璃层或焊料抗蚀剂层的保护膜形成为几十微米或以下的厚度。
用是为帽盖部分的弹性钩和提供在模块基板上的锁钩器,将金属帽盖固定到模块基板。4组钩和锁钩器被提供在帽盖和模块基板的4个角部。
模块基板具有4个向内切去的角部,其中排列由锁住帽盖钩的导体组成的锁钩器。帽盖保持矩形外形。模块基板的4个角部还提供有电连接到导电锁钩器的接地端子。这些钩向下延伸以便达及或几乎达及模块基板的背面。
连接加固端子由多个彼此独立的分离端子组成。例如,多个电源端子沿模块基板一边和正交于此边的一边对准。
(2)混合集成电路器件根据下列方法来制造。此混合集成电路器件包含陶瓷布线基板的模块基板、设置在模块基板主表面上的多个电子元件、设置在模块基板背面上的多个电极端子、以及被固定到模块基板以覆盖模块基板主表面的帽盖。此方法包括下列步骤:重叠其上形成有布线图形的多个坯层,并对这些层进行加压,以便形成背面具有电极端子区域的层叠的坯层;印胶步骤,以便形成保护膜,致使用保护膜涂敷位于靠近叠层的坯层边沿的端子至少在其靠近叠层的坯层的边沿部分;以及对层叠的坯层、电极端子区域、以及保护膜进行退火的步骤,以便完成具有被保护膜局部涂敷的电极端子的模块基板。
(3)本发明的电子装置的结构如下。它包含具有用来将混合集成电路器件固定在主表面上的焊盘的安装板以及其电极端子被焊接电连接到焊盘的高频功率放大器模块。此混合集成电路器件包含是为矩形陶瓷布线基板的模块基板、设置在模块基板主表面上的多个电子元件、设置在模块基板背面上的多个电极端子、以及被固定到模块基板以覆盖模块基板主表面的矩形金属帽盖。在模块基板的4个角部提供了接地端子。用是为帽盖部分的弹性钩和提供在模块基板上的锁钩器,将金属帽盖固定到模块基板。各个钩被焊接固定到形成在安装板主表面上的焊盘。模块基板的4个角部向内被切去,其中提供了锁钩器。帽盖具有矩形外形。电极端子包括多个沿模块基板边沿对准的电极端子以及位于比这些电极端子更里面的多个电源端子。电源端子借助于焊接到形成在安装板主表面上的焊盘而被固定。沿模块板边沿对准的电极端子至少在其靠近板边沿的部分处,被厚度为几十微米或以下的保护膜涂敷。此混合集成电路器件是一种构成无线通信装置的高频功率放大器模块。
如上述(1)所述排列的高频功率放大器模块(混合集成电路器件)达到了下列效果:
(a)在此高频功率放大器模块(混合集成电路器件)中,沿模块基板边沿对准的LGA结构的电极端子,在其靠近基板边沿的部分处被保护膜涂敷,因此,即使当模块被安装在便携式电话装置的安装板上时在电极端子与模块基板之间出现热应力,也防止了模块基板在其靠近基板边沿的端子边界部分内发生裂纹,封装件内部因而不会通过这些裂纹而渗透水之类,从而提高了高频功率放大器模块和便携式电话装置的可靠性和使用寿命。
(b)由印胶组成的保护膜能够薄到几十微米或以下,使得能够减小模块基板的厚度,且由于减少了胶的消耗而降低了制造成本。结果,能够降低便携式电话装置的制造成本。
(c)由印胶组成的保护膜比具有通孔的坯层更薄,使得能够减小模块基板的尺寸,因而能够减小高频功率放大器模块的尺寸。结果,能够减小便携式电话装置的尺寸。
(d)借助于除了电极端子之外还使用电源端子而将高频功率放大器模块固定到安装板,从而提高了高频功率放大器模块的安装牢固性。电源端子还用作接地端子,稳定了高频功率放大器模块各个电路区中的接地电压,从而可望得到稳定的工作。结果,便携式电话装置工作稳定,使用户得到舒适的通信。
(e)各个电源端子沿模块基板的长边和短边对准。因此,高频功率放大器模块被直立安装在多个回流的熔融焊料点上,致使模块基板被安装成均匀地与安装板分隔开,从而能够稳定诸如效率之类的电源性能。结果,便携式电话装置工作稳定,使用户得到舒适的通信。
(f)模块基板在长边二端形成有切去的部分,其中的帽盖具有其与模块基板锁钩器锁定的钩,从而建立封装件,且锁钩器的臂具有其凸出仅仅0.3微米的焊料凸块。因此,安装面积能够实际上在帽盖外形确定的面积以内,使得能够减小安装面积。结果,能够减小便携式电话装置的尺寸。
(g)锁钩器臂向下延伸达及或几乎达及模块基板的背面,因此,当用焊接方法将高频功率放大器模块安装在安装板上时,高频功率放大器模块被焊料电连接到接地的焊盘,从而提高了高频功率放大器模块的安装牢固性并确保了电接地。结果,便携式电话装置工作稳定,使用户得到舒适的通信。
(h)在矩形模块基板的4个角部提供接地端子,方便了包括高频功率放大器模块信号端子和电源端子在内的外部端子的布局设计,还方便了安装模块的安装板上的布线的布局。
附图说明
图1是根据本发明一个实施方案(实施方案1)的高频功率放大器模块的示意剖面图;
图2是实施方案1的高频功率放大器模块的透视图;
图3是实施方案1的高频功率放大器模块的模块基板底部的平面图;
图4是剖面图,示出了实施方案1的部分高频功率放大器模块;
图5是示意剖面图,示出了部分模块基板;
图6是流程图,示出了实施方案1的高频功率放大器模块的制造工艺;
图7是示意剖面图,示出了在实施方案1的高频功率放大器模块的制造工艺中其上形成有布线和电极端子的层叠的坯层;
图8是示意剖面图,示出了在实施方案1的高频功率放大器模块的制造工艺中具有其外边沿区域涂敷有保护膜的电极端子的模块基板;
图9是示意图,示出了保护膜的形成;
图10是示意剖面图,示出了在实施方案1的高频功率放大器模块的制造工艺中其上安装有电子元件的模块基板;
图11是示意剖面图,示出了在实施方案1的高频功率放大器模块的制造工艺中具有被树脂涂敷的半导体芯片和布线的模块基板;
图12是示意剖面图,示出了根据实施方案1的便携式电话装置安装板上的高频功率放大器模块的安装状态;
图13是剖面图,示出了高频功率放大器模块的部分安装状态;
图14是剖面图,示出了高频功率放大器模块的电极端子区域的部分安装状态;
图15是平面图,示出了安装板上焊盘的部分布局;
图16是高频功率放大器模块的等效电路图;
图17是方框图,示出了便携式电话装置的功能安排;
图18是根据本发明另一实施方案(实施方案2)的高频功率放大器模块的示意剖面图;
图19是实施方案2的高频功率放大器模块的模块基板底部的平面图;
图20是剖面图,部分地示出了实施方案2的高频功率放大器模块的电极端子到基板的连接;
图21是根据本发明再一实施方案(实施方案3)的高频功率放大器模块底部的平面图;
图22是根据本发明又一实施方案(实施方案4)的高频功率放大器模块的透视图;
图23是剖面图,示出了实施方案4的部分高频功率放大器模块;而
图24是示意图,解释了本发明之前由本发明人进行的研究所发现的高频功率放大器模块的错误安装。
具体实施方式
下面参照附图来详细解释本发明的各个实施方案。在所有附图中,用公共的符号来表示功能相同的部分,其解释不再重复。
(实施方案1)
图1-17涉及到组合有根据本发明一个实施方案(实施方案1)的模块的高频功率放大器模块和便携式电话装置。在这些图中,图1-11是高频功率放大器模块图,图12-17是便携式电话装置图。
本实施方案解释的是作为混合集成电路器件的高频功率放大器模块,它具有GSM(全球移动通信系统)和DCS(数字蜂窝系统)的放大系统以及组合有这种高频功率放大器模块的无线通信装置。
高频功率放大器模块10具有图1和图2所示的平坦长方体的外形。
高频功率放大器模块10被构造成具有是为陶瓷布线基板的模块基板11以及被置于模块基板11一个表面(主表面)上的帽盖12,从而构成一个平坦的长方体封装件13。
由金属制成的帽盖12具有电磁屏蔽作用。借助于将金属片弯曲成具有图2所示侧壁30的矩形盒子而形成帽盖12。帽盖12的二个长边末端区域向下延伸以形成锁钩器臂31。锁钩器臂31的末端区域形成为向内突出的钩32。如图4所示,锁钩器臂31使钩32与是为模块基板11台阶部分的锁钩器33弹性锁定。如图3所示,模块基板11的4个角部向内切去,以便能够容纳锁钩器臂31。此切去部分34沿厚度方向具有台阶,成为锁钩器33以便如图4所示与钩32锁定。
导体层35被制作成从锁钩器33延伸到模块基板11的背面。导体层35在其设置在模块基板11背面上的部分内成为端子35a,可以用作连接端子,用来将高频功率放大器模块10固定到安装板,也可以用作接地端子。利用对应于端子35a形成在安装板36主表面上的接地焊盘37,用于电磁屏蔽的帽盖12能够经由钩32和导体层35被连接到安装板的地。如图4所示,锁钩器臂31延伸到达及或几乎达及模块基板11的背面,且当高频功率放大器模块10被安装在安装板36上时,高频功率放大器模块10被焊料38电连接到接地焊盘37,从而提高了高频功率放大器模块的安装牢固性并确保了电接地。
在矩形模块基板11的4个角部提供接地端子,方便了包括高频功率放大器模块10的信号端子和电源端子在内的外部端子的布局设计,还方便了安装模块10的安装板上的布线的布局。
模块基板11是一种用例如层叠玻璃陶瓷并在低温下退火的方法制作的陶瓷布线基板。如图1所示,模块基板11在其主表面上安装芯片电阻器15和芯片电容器16等。模块基板11的主表面上具有凹陷区域,其底部上安装构成半导体放大元件的半导体芯片17。半导体芯片17的电极插脚(未示出)由引线18电连接到形成在模块基板11主表面上的布线(未示出)。半导体芯片17和引线18涂敷有绝缘树脂19,以便长期抗潮。
如图1和图3所示,模块基板11在其背面上形成有多个沿基板边沿对准的电极端子20以及多个排列在内部区域中的电源端子21。用于LGA结构表面安装的电极端子20和电源端子21,由形成在模块基板11背面上的导体层构成。
除了用电极端子20之外,还用电源端子21将高频功率放大器模块10固定到安装板,从而提高了高频功率放大器模块10的安装牢固性。电源端子21还用作接地端子,稳定了高频功率放大器模块10各个电路区中的接地电压,从而可望得到模块的稳定工作。借助于连接到形成在模块基板11主表面上的电极焊点22和安装焊点23,来固定芯片电阻器15、芯片电容器16、以及半导体芯片17。电极焊点22和安装焊点23由金属化的导体层构成。安装半导体芯片17的模块基板部分形成有多个填充有导体24的通孔(通道孔)。导体24将安装焊点23电连接到电源端子21。电源端子21偶然被用作电连接到半导体芯片17接地插脚的接地端子。亦即,电源端子21能够完全是接地端子,或能够部分地是接地端子和部分地是连接加固端子。
各个电源端子21沿模块基板11的长边和短边被排列。在仅仅有一个电源端子21的情况下,模块基板11亦即高频功率放大器模块10,在安装时被置于熔融的焊料上时,有可能相对于安装板倾斜。因此,在实施方案1中,焊料38被熔融在水平放置的安装板36上,同时用沿模块基板11长边和短边排列的电源端子21来水平支持模块基板11(高频功率放大器模块10),从而防止高频功率放大器模块10相对于安装板被倾斜固定,如图12所示。
沿模块基板11边沿对准的电极端子20具有下列功能。为了在图3中进行解释而对电极端子20进行编号。端子#1、#8、#9、#12、#13、#18、#19、#20、#24是非接触(NC)端子,#2、#10、#22是接地端子,#3、#4、#5是Vdd-GSM端子,#6是Vapc-GSM端子,#7是Pout-DCS端子,#11是Pout-GSM端子,#14是Vapc-DCS端子,#15、#16、#17是Vdd-DCS端子,#21是Pin-GSM端子,而#23是Pin-DCS端子。
作为本发明的一个特点,如图1、3、5、14所示,电极端子20在其靠近模块基板边沿的部分被保护膜40涂敷。在图3中,用虚线示出了都是导体的电源端子21和导体层35。
用下列工艺来形成保护膜40。首先,重叠其上形成有布线图形的多个坯层,并对这些层进行加压,以便使层叠的坯层在背面上具有电极端子区域。接着,印刷玻璃胶或焊料抗蚀剂以至少覆盖电极端子的边沿区域,从而形成保护涂层。接着,用退火工艺处理坯层、电极端子区域、以及保护膜。
退火工艺使层叠的坯层成为模块基板,其表面上的电极端子区域和端子区域的保护膜变成电极端子和保护膜。胶被印刷得更薄,致使保护膜被形成为薄至几十微米或以下。结果减少了胶的消耗,因而能够降低模块基板的制造成本,从而能够完成较薄的模块基板11。
印刷位置可以根据丝网图形的设计而任意选择,这使得能够准确印刷精确的图形。结果,模块基板能够按照电极端子在基板边沿处裕度面积的减小量而做得更小,模块基板因而能够做得更小,高频功率放大器模块因而能够做得更紧凑。
图9示意地示出了根据丝网印刷方法保护膜48在层叠的坯层43上的形成,电极端子区域47被形成在其背面。伸展在框架41上的丝网42被定位并使之靠近层叠的坯层43的背面,接着移动滑板44,致使丝网42上的胶45被印刷在层叠的坯层43背面上的选定位置上,从而形成保护膜48。
随后,包括电极端子区域47和保护膜48的层叠的坯层43,被退火工艺处理。如图5所示,退火工艺使电极端子区域和保护膜转变成电极端子20和保护膜40,层叠的坯层43从而成为模块基板11。
图15是安装高频功率放大器模块10的部分安装板36的平面图。焊盘包括位于对应于端子35a的4个基板角部的接地焊盘37、电极端子20固定于其上的对准于各个接地焊盘37之间的端子焊盘49a、以及电源端子21固定于其上的焊盘49b。这些焊盘的表面上涂敷有焊料。
接着,参照图6的流程图来简要解释实施方案1的高频功率放大器模块10的制造工艺。通过图6流程图所示的工艺步骤来制造高频功率放大器模块10,此工艺步骤包括:制备层叠的坯层(步骤101),印刷保护膜(步骤102),退火(步骤103),将焊料涂敷到模块基板(步骤104),安装零件(步骤105),焊料回流(步骤106),清洗(步骤107),引线键合(步骤108),涂敷树脂(步骤109),烘焙(步骤110),固定帽盖(CAP)(步骤111),模块基板切割(步骤112),选择(步骤113),以及封装(步骤114)。可以为各个器件制造模块基板,或可以在安置帽盖之后将模块基板分成各个器件。
例如,如图7所示,借助于重叠多个介质层(坯层),并对这些层进行加压,来形成层叠的坯层43。此图示出了包括5个层叠的坯层的结构。此图相当于图1。
层叠的坯层43在其背面上形成有成为电极端子20和电源端子21的导体层70,且其主表面上形成有成为电极焊点22和用来安装电子元件的安装焊点23的另一个导体层70。如先前所述,电极端子20的导体层70部分被称为电极端子区域47。在安装半导体芯片的区域中,上部的第一和第二坯层被切去,以便在层叠的坯层43上形成凹陷区域。此凹陷区域的底部上形成有导体层70(步骤101)。
接着,将层叠的坯层43翻过来,将上述胶印刷在靠近层叠的坯层43边沿的电极端子20的边沿上,从而形成保护膜48(步骤102),并用退火方法处理层43(步骤103),从而如图8所示形成具有电极端子20和电源端子21的模块基板11。电极端子20在其靠近模块基板11边沿的边沿部分处被保护膜40涂敷。还形成了电极焊点22、安装焊点23、以及导体24。此模块基板11的布线具有条形结构或微条形结构。
接着,将焊料涂敷到所有导体层的表面(步骤104),安装电子元件,包括半导体芯片17、芯片电阻器15、以及芯片电容器16(步骤105),并对焊料进行加热以便回流而连接电子元件(步骤106)。
例如,模块基板11的厚度约为0.8mm,宽度约为15mm,而长度约为8mm。电极端子的电极厚度约为10微米。部分地覆盖电极端子的保护膜的厚度约为几十微米或以下。
接着,对模块基板进行清洗,以便洗去焊药(步骤107),半导体芯片17从其端子(未示出)被导电引线18连接到布线(步骤108),并用绝缘树脂19涂敷半导体芯片17和引线18(步骤109)。
接着,对模块基板进行烘焙以硬化绝缘树脂19(步骤110)。
接着,将帽盖12置于模块基板11上(步骤111),并如图2所示,将基板分成各个高频功率放大器模块10(步骤112)。接着,按照质量而选择模块10(步骤113),并封装好的模块以便发货(步骤113)。
下面解释电子装置,亦即组合有本发明高频功率放大器模块10的便携式电话装置(无线通信装置)。高频功率放大器模块10被安装在便携式电话装置(无线通信装置)的安装板36上。图12示出了安装在安装板36上的高频功率放大器模块10。借助于被定位在具有图15所示的焊盘图形的安装板36上,来放置高频功率放大器模块10。已经被涂敷到焊盘(37、49a、49b)和端子(20、21、35a)表面的焊料,被加热回流,致使模块被连接到其上,从而完成图12所示的便携式电话装置(仅仅示出了模块安装部分)。
图13是剖面图,示出了钩32的装配。导体层35、钩32、以及锁钩器臂31的下端,被焊料固定到接地焊盘37。锁钩器臂31在其外表面上具有例如凸出小到大约0.3微米的焊料突起。根据由模块基板11和帽盖12建立的封装件结构,利用由提供在模块基板11长边二端处的切去部分34中的模块基板11的锁钩器33锁定的帽盖的钩32,以及根据小到0.3微米的焊料凸出的突起长度,有可能在基板边延长线上产生的矩形面积内布局接地焊盘37。结果,能够减小便携式电话装置的安装板36的尺寸,因而能够减小便携式电话装置的尺寸。
如图14所示,沿模块基板11边沿对准的LGA结构的电极端子20在其靠近基板边沿的部分被保护膜40涂敷,因此,即使在电极端子20与模块基板11之间出现热应力,也能够在其靠近基板边沿的端子边界部分中防止出现图24所示的裂纹6。
结果,封装件13内部不出现水之类通过裂纹的渗透,从而提高了高频功率放大器模块10的可靠性和使用寿命。
实施方案1的高频功率放大器模块10具有图16所示的电路安排,它包括线条图形以及包括制作和安装在模块基板11上的半导体放大元件在内的电子元件。
此高频功率放大器模块具有GSM的放大系统“e”以及另一个DCS的放大系统“f”。这些放大系统“e”和“f”具有相同的电路安排,而其某些元件不同。下面是对放大系统“e”的解释,对放大系统“f”也是通用的,其元件被写在括号中。
在模块的各个外部电极端子之中,放大系统“e”具有输入端子Pin-GSM(Pin-DCS)、输出端子Pout-GSM(Pout-DCS)、第一参考电压亦即电源电压端子Vdd-GSM(Vdd-DCS)、偏置电压端子Vapc-GSM(Vapc-DCS)、以及第二参考电压亦即接地电压端子GND(共用)。
3个放大级被串联连接在端子Pin-GSM(Pin-DCS)与Pout-GSM(Pout-DCS)之间。第一、第二、第三(末)放大级分别是晶体管Q1、Q2、Q3(Q4、Q5、Q6)。
各级的晶体管具有接收对本级的输入信号或偏置电压的控制端子(栅电极)、释放本级输出信号的第一端子(漏电极)、以及接收本级参考电压(接地电压)的第二端子(源电极)。
Pin-GSM(Pin-DCS)通过匹配电路L1(L8)被连接到晶体管Q1(Q4)的栅电极。第二和第三晶体管的栅电极分别通过匹配电路L3(L10)和L5(L12)被连接到各个前级晶体管的漏电极。末级亦即输出晶体管Q3(Q6)的漏电极通过匹配电路L3(L6)被连接到Pout-GSM(Pout-DCS)。
所有晶体管Q1、Q2、Q3(Q4、Q5、Q6)通过匹配电路L2、L4、L6(L9、L11、L13)被连接到Vdd-GSM(Vdd-DCS)。
所有晶体管Q1、Q2、Q3(Q4、Q5、Q6)的栅电极被连接到Vapc-GSM(Vapc-DCS)。排列在这些栅电极与Vapc-GSM(Vapc-DCS)之间的路径上的是控制栅电极偏置电压的偏置电路。此偏置电路由分压电阻器R1-R5(R6-R10)构成。
虚线包围的图16部分是半导体芯片(FET芯片)17。半导体芯片17组合了GSM放大系统“e”的晶体管Q1和Q2以及晶体管Q1和Q2的偏置电压设定电阻器R1、R2、R3、R4、R5、以及DCS放大系统“f”的晶体管Q4和Q5以及晶体管Q4和Q5的偏置电压设定电阻器R6、R7、R8、R9、R10。根据这些元件的单片结构,能够使高频功率放大器模块做得紧凑,从而能够降低制造成本。
如图17所示,此高频功率放大器模块被建立在便携式电话装置中。此图是双频带无线通信装置部分的方框图,示出了从高频信号处理集成电路(RF线性放大器)50直至天线51的部分。电路安排被分成分别包括功率放大器(PA)58a和功率放大器(PA)58b的GSM放大系统和DCS放大系统。
天线51被连接到天线发射/接收转换装置52的天线端子。天线发射/接收转换装置52具有用来接收PA 58a和PA 58b的输出的端子Pout1和Pout2、接收端子RX1和RX2、以及控制端子control 1和control 2。
GSM信号从高频信号处理器集成电路50被输入到PA 58a,并被释放到Pout1。PA 58a的输出被耦合器54a探测,且探测到的信号被反馈到自动输出控制电路(APC电路)53。APC电路53根据探测到的信号工作,以便控制PA 58a。
同样,DCS信号从高频信号处理器集成电路50被输入到PA58b,并被释放到Pout2。PA 58b的输出被耦合器54b探测,且探测到的信号被反馈到APC电路53。APC电路53根据探测到的信号工作,以便控制PA 58b。
天线发射/接收转换装置52具有双工器55。双工器55的一个端子被连接到天线端子,另二个端子被连接到GSM发射/接收开关56a和DCS发射/接收开关56b。
发射/接收开关56a的a接触通过滤波器57a被连接到Pout1,其b接触通过电容器C1被连接到接收端子RX1。发射/接收开关56a利用控制端子1上接收到的控制信号而工作,以选择a接触或b接触。
发射/接收开关56b的a接触通过滤波器57b被连接到Pout2,其b接触通过电容器C2被连接到接收端子RX2。发射/接收开关56b利用控制端子2上接收到的控制信号而工作,以选择a接触或b接触。
滤波器60a和低噪声放大器(LNA)61a按此顺序被连接在接收端子RX1和高频信号处理器集成电路50之间。滤波器60b和低噪声放大器(LNA)61b按此顺序被连接在接收端子RX2和高频信号处理器集成电路50之间。
此无线通信装置执行GSM通信和DCS通信。
实施方案1具有下列效果。
(1)在此高频功率放大器模块(混合集成电路器件)中,沿模块基板11边沿对准的LGA结构的电极端子20,在其靠近基板边沿的部分被保护膜40涂敷,因此,即使当模块被安装在便携式电话装置的安装板36上时在电极端子20与模块基板11之间出现热应力,也防止了模块基板11在其靠近基板边沿的端子边界部分内发生裂纹,封装件13内部因而不会通过这些裂纹而渗透水之类,从而提高了高频功率放大器模块10和便携式电话装置的可靠性和使用寿命。
(2)由印胶组成的保护膜40能够薄到几十微米或以下,使得能够减小模块基板的厚度,且由于减少了胶的消耗而降低了制造成本。结果,能够降低便携式电话装置的制造成本。
(3)由印胶代替具有通孔的坯层来形成保护膜40,使得能够减小模块基板11的尺寸,因而能够减小高频功率放大器模块10的尺寸。结果,能够减小便携式电话装置的尺寸。
(4)借助于除了电极端子20之外还使用电源端子21而将高频功率放大器模块10固定到安装板36,从而提高了高频功率放大器模块10的安装牢固性。电源端子21还用作接地端子,稳定了高频功率放大器模块10各个电路区中的接地电压,从而可望得到稳定的工作。结果,便携式电话装置工作稳定,使用户得到舒适的通信。
(5)各个电源端子21沿模块基板11的长边和短边对准。因此,高频功率放大器模块10被直立安装在多个回流的熔融焊料点上,致使模块基板11被安装成均匀地与安装板分隔开,从而能够稳定诸如效率之类的电源性能。结果,便携式电话装置工作稳定,使用户得到舒适的通信。
(6)模块基板11在长边二端形成有切去的部分,其中的帽盖12具有其与模块基板11的锁钩器33锁定的钩32,从而建立封装件,且锁钩器臂31具有其凸出小到0.3微米的焊料凸块。因此,安装面积能够实际上在帽盖12外形确定的面积以内,使得能够减小安装面积。结果,能够减小便携式电话装置的尺寸。
(7)锁钩器臂31向下延伸达及或几乎达及模块基板11的背面,因此,当用焊接方法将高频功率放大器模块10安装在安装板36上时,高频功率放大器模块10被焊接电连接到接地的焊盘37,从而提高了高频功率放大器模块10的安装牢固性,并确保了电接地。结果,便携式电话装置工作稳定,使用户得到舒适的通信。
(8)在矩形模块基板11的4个角部提供接地端子,方便了包括高频功率放大器模块10信号端子和电源端子在内的外部端子的布局设计,还方便了安装模块10的安装板上的布线的布局。
(实施方案2)
图18是根据本发明另一实施方案(实施方案2)的高频功率放大器模块的示意剖面图。图19是高频功率放大器模块的平面图。图20是剖面图,部分地示出了高频功率放大器模块的电极端子到安装板的连接。
在实施方案2的这一例子中,如图8、图19、图20所示,保护膜40被涂敷在电极端子20和电源端子21的整个边沿周围。实施方案2具有与实施方案1相同的效果。
(实施方案3)
图21是根据本发明再一实施方案(实施方案3)的高频功率放大器模块的底部平面图。在实施方案3的这一例子中,锁钩器33被排列在模块基板11的各边的中部。对应于这些锁钩器33,帽盖12的锁钩器臂31(未示出)位于帽盖12各边的中部。在实施方案3中,能够连接端子侧上的脚印而无需突起模块基板,使用户电路板能够具有更大的安装面积。
(实施方案4)
图22是根据本发明又一实施方案(实施方案4)的高频功率放大器模块的透视图,而图23是模块基板11和帽盖12的钩/锁钩器区域的剖面图。在实施方案4中,模块基板11在其二个面对的边上具有切去的部分80,且帽盖12具有栓塞81,以便与基板的切去部分锁定。帽盖12被置于模块基板11上,且栓塞81和切去部分被焊料82连接和固定。
根据实施方案4,当帽盖在基板被切割之前被焊接到基板时,能够有效地避免由在相邻帽盖之间搭桥的错误焊接所造成的不成功的分割。
虽然结合特定的实施方案已经描述了本发明,但本发明不局限于这些实施方案,而是显然可以作各种改变而不偏离本发明的实质。例如,上述各个实施方案是作为混合集成电路器件的高频功率放大器模块,但本发明也可以应用于其它的混合集成电路器件以及组合有这些器件的电子装置。例如,本发明也可以被应用于便携式电话装置中使用的电路装置中的电压控制振荡器(VCO)和天线开关。
虽然用于实施方案1的放大级的半导体放大元件是MOS(金属氧化物半导体)FET,但这些元件也可以用诸如硅双极晶体管、GaAs-MES(金属-半导体)FET、HBT(异质结双极晶体管)、HEMT(高电子迁移率晶体管)、以及Si-Ge FET之类的其它类型的晶体管来代替。
如上所述,借助于组合成用于诸如蜂窝电话装置之类的无线通信装置的发射机的高频功率放大器模块,使用了本发明的混合集成电路器件。确切地说,本发明的高频功率放大器模块的模块基板在靠近基板边沿的部分被保护膜涂层加固了,从而减少模块安装时出现基板裂纹,并能够提高模块安装的可靠性。

Claims (17)

1.一种功率放大器模块,具有功率放大电路,所述功率放大电路包括:
第一布线基板,具有主表面和与主表面相对的背面;
具有功率放大电路的放大元件的半导体芯片,安装在第一布线基板的主表面上;
多个第一电极端子,排列在第一布线基板的背面;
多个第二电极端子,排列在第一布线基板的背面;
其中网格焊盘阵列结构包括所述第一和第二电极端子;
所述多个第一电极端子用于为功率放大电路输入和输出信号;
所述多个第二电极端子用于地电位供应;
所述第一布线基板具有在平面图上彼此相对的两对边沿;
所述多个第一电极端子沿第一布线基板的背面的所述两对边沿排列;
所述多个第二电极端子在第一布线基板的背面上所述多个第一电极端子的内侧排列;
所述第二电极端子不在第一布线基板的背面的所述两对边沿处排列。
2.根据权利要求1的功率放大器模块,其中所述功率放大器模块被安装在第二布线基板的主表面上;
其中多个焊盘排列在第二布线基板的主表面上;及
第一布线基板的第一和第二电极端子通过焊料连接到第二布线基板的所述多个焊盘。
3.根据权利要求1的功率放大器模块,其中所述多个第二电极端子成行排列。
4.根据权利要求1的功率放大器模块,其中所述功率放大器模块用于移动通信单元中。
5.根据权利要求4的功率放大器模块,其中所述功率放大器模块具有多个放大系统。
6.根据权利要求5的功率放大器模块,其中所述多个放大系统包括GSM系统和DCS系统。
7.根据权利要求1的功率放大器模块,其中第一布线基板由陶瓷构成。
8.根据权利要求1的功率放大器模块,其中半导体芯片中的放大元件由MOSFET构成。
9.根据权利要求1的功率放大器模块,其中半导体芯片由绝缘树脂覆盖。
10.根据权利要求1的功率放大器模块,其中电容器元件或电阻器元件安装在第一布线基板的主表面上。
11.根据权利要求1的功率放大器模块,
其中在所述第一布线基板中排列每个都填充有电导体的多个通孔;
所述通孔直接位于所述半导体芯片的下面;及
所述通孔中的电导体与第二电极端子电连接。
12.根据权利要求11的半导体芯片,其中所述通孔中的电导体与半导体芯片电连接。
13.根据权利要求1的功率放大器模块,其中所述第二电极端子的每一个的面积大于所述第一电极端子的每一个的面积。
14.一种功率放大器模块,具有功率放大电路,所述功率放大电路包括:
第一布线基板,具有主表面和与主表面相对的背面;
具有功率放大电路的放大元件的半导体芯片,安装在第一布线基板的主表面上;
信号端子和地端子,排列在第一布线基板的背面;
其中网格焊盘阵列结构包括所述信号和地端子;
所述信号端子用于为功率放大电路输入和输出信号;
所述地端子用于地电位供应;
所述第一布线基板具有在平面图上彼此相对的两对边沿;
功率放大器模块的所有信号端子都沿第一布线基板的背面的所述两对边沿排列;
所有地端子都在第一布线基板的背面上所述信号端子的内侧排列;
没有地端子在第一布线基板的背面的所述两对边沿处排列;以及
所述地端子的每一个的面积大于所述信号端子的每一个的面积。
15.一种功率放大器模块,具有功率放大电路,所述功率放大电路包括:
第一布线基板,具有主表面和与主表面相对的背面;
具有功率放大电路的放大元件的半导体芯片,安装在第一布线基板的主表面上;
排列在第一布线基板的背面的信号端子、地端子和电源端子,所述信号端子用于为功率放大电路输入和输出信号,所述地端子用于提供用于功率放大电路的地电位,且所述电源端子用于提供高于地电位的用于功率放大电路的电源电位;
其中网格焊盘阵列结构包括所述信号端子、地端子和电源端子;
所述第一布线基板具有在平面图上彼此相对的两对边沿;
功率放大器模块的所有信号端子都沿第一布线基板的背面的所述两对边沿排列;
功率放大器模块的所有地端子都在第一布线基板的背面上所述信号端子的内侧排列;及
没有地端子在第一布线基板的背面的所述两对边沿处排列。
16.根据权利要求15的功率放大器模块,其中所述地端子的每一个的面积大于所述信号端子的每一个的面积。
17.一种功率放大器模块,具有功率放大电路,所述功率放大电路包括:
第一布线基板,具有主表面和与主表面相对的背面;
具有功率放大电路的放大元件的半导体芯片,安装在第一布线基板的主表面上;
多个第一电极端子,排列在第一布线基板的背面;
多个第二电极端子,排列在第一布线基板的背面;
其中网格焊盘阵列结构包括所述第一和第二电极端子;
所述多个第一电极端子用于为功率放大电路输入和输出信号;
所述多个第二电极端子用于地电位供应;
所述第一布线基板具有在平面图上彼此相对的两对边沿;
所述多个第一电极端子沿第一布线基板的背面的所述两对边沿排列;
所述多个第二电极端子在第一布线基板的背面上所述多个第一电极端子的内侧排列;
所述第二电极端子的每一个的面积大于所述第一电极端子的每一个的面积。
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