WO2018123821A1 - 分散体及びそれを用いたインクジェット用インク組成物、光変換層、及び液晶表示素子 - Google Patents
分散体及びそれを用いたインクジェット用インク組成物、光変換層、及び液晶表示素子 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2018123821A1 WO2018123821A1 PCT/JP2017/045993 JP2017045993W WO2018123821A1 WO 2018123821 A1 WO2018123821 A1 WO 2018123821A1 JP 2017045993 W JP2017045993 W JP 2017045993W WO 2018123821 A1 WO2018123821 A1 WO 2018123821A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- mass
- light
- group
- liquid crystal
- dispersion
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 443
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 239
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 212
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 title claims description 320
- 239000002159 nanocrystal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 351
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 123
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 111
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 94
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 296
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 256
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 209
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 172
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 102
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 93
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 93
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 87
- -1 Naphthalene-2,6-diyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 75
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 68
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 67
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 65
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 claims description 46
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 45
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims description 45
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims description 39
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 38
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 36
- 125000001153 fluoro group Chemical group F* 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- 125000001140 1,4-phenylene group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([*:2])=C([H])C([H])=C1[*:1] 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium hydroxide Substances [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 22
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000003505 polymerization initiator Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 125000001309 chloro group Chemical group Cl* 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 125000004093 cyano group Chemical group *C#N 0.000 claims description 15
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 125000005407 trans-1,4-cyclohexylene group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])[C@]([H])([*:2])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[C@@]1([H])[*:1] 0.000 claims description 13
- 125000003302 alkenyloxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 12
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 125000004955 1,4-cyclohexylene group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C1([H])[*:2] 0.000 claims description 10
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 10
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004925 Acrylic resin Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium sulfate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000002023 trifluoromethyl group Chemical group FC(F)(F)* 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000000876 trifluoromethoxy group Chemical group FC(F)(F)O* 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000004206 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])(*)C(F)(F)F 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000004786 difluoromethoxy group Chemical group [H]C(F)(F)O* 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000004785 fluoromethoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])(F)O* 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl urethane Chemical compound CCOC(N)=O JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000956 methoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])O* 0.000 claims description 2
- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001928 zirconium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 abstract description 16
- 238000004040 coloring Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000000638 stimulation Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 444
- GPXJNWSHGFTCBW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Indium phosphide Chemical compound [In]#P GPXJNWSHGFTCBW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 82
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 72
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 70
- 229910052984 zinc sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 70
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 63
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 49
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 49
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 42
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 40
- 238000001723 curing Methods 0.000 description 37
- CCCMONHAUSKTEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadec-1-ene Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC=C CCCMONHAUSKTEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 36
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 32
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 32
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 description 32
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 30
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 27
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 27
- 239000002096 quantum dot Substances 0.000 description 27
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 26
- SBIBMFFZSBJNJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N selenium;zinc Chemical compound [Se]=[Zn] SBIBMFFZSBJNJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 26
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 25
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 23
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 23
- 239000013110 organic ligand Substances 0.000 description 23
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 22
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 22
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 22
- UHYPYGJEEGLRJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium(2+);selenium(2-) Chemical compound [Se-2].[Cd+2] UHYPYGJEEGLRJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 21
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 21
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 20
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 19
- 239000011941 photocatalyst Substances 0.000 description 19
- IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N bisphenol A Chemical compound C=1C=C(O)C=CC=1C(C)(C)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 238000006862 quantum yield reaction Methods 0.000 description 17
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 16
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 16
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 description 16
- 230000002269 spontaneous effect Effects 0.000 description 16
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 15
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 15
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 15
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 15
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 14
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 14
- LNEPOXFFQSENCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N haloperidol Chemical compound C1CC(O)(C=2C=CC(Cl)=CC=2)CCN1CCCC(=O)C1=CC=C(F)C=C1 LNEPOXFFQSENCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 description 14
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 14
- 238000000206 photolithography Methods 0.000 description 14
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 13
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 13
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 description 13
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 12
- 230000001678 irradiating effect Effects 0.000 description 12
- 125000004430 oxygen atom Chemical group O* 0.000 description 12
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000004642 Polyimide Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 11
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 11
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 11
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 11
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 10
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000010894 electron beam technology Methods 0.000 description 10
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 9
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000004815 dispersion polymer Substances 0.000 description 9
- 125000003700 epoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 9
- 239000003446 ligand Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 9
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 8
- 150000001721 carbon Chemical group 0.000 description 8
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- BDOFFEYJSIJAFH-UHFFFAOYSA-K dodecanoate;indium(3+) Chemical compound [In+3].CCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O BDOFFEYJSIJAFH-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 8
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229920000178 Acrylic resin Polymers 0.000 description 7
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 238000000149 argon plasma sintering Methods 0.000 description 7
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 7
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 7
- 125000005842 heteroatom Chemical group 0.000 description 7
- 229910001507 metal halide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 150000005309 metal halides Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N monobenzene Natural products C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 7
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000005871 repellent Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000011342 resin composition Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 239000006228 supernatant Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000004448 titration Methods 0.000 description 7
- BTJPUDCSZVCXFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4-diethylthioxanthen-9-one Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)C3=CC(CC)=CC(CC)=C3SC2=C1 BTJPUDCSZVCXFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- RZVINYQDSSQUKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-phenoxyethyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound C=CC(=O)OCCOC1=CC=CC=C1 RZVINYQDSSQUKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclohexane Chemical compound C1CCCCC1 XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Naphthalene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 6
- PXKLMJQFEQBVLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N bisphenol F Chemical compound C1=CC(O)=CC=C1CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 PXKLMJQFEQBVLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000011258 core-shell material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 6
- POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 229920003986 novolac Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 238000000059 patterning Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 6
- ZMBHCYHQLYEYDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N trioctylphosphine oxide Chemical compound CCCCCCCCP(=O)(CCCCCCCC)CCCCCCCC ZMBHCYHQLYEYDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000009281 ultraviolet germicidal irradiation Methods 0.000 description 6
- RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-Dioxane Chemical compound C1COCCO1 RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- KWKAKUADMBZCLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-octene Chemical group CCCCCCC=C KWKAKUADMBZCLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- MGADZUXDNSDTHW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2H-pyran Chemical compound C1OC=CC=C1 MGADZUXDNSDTHW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical group OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene oxide Chemical group CC1CO1 GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229920001400 block copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 5
- ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenyl Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- VFHVQBAGLAREND-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenylphosphoryl-(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)methanone Chemical compound CC1=CC(C)=CC(C)=C1C(=O)P(=O)(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 VFHVQBAGLAREND-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000002189 fluorescence spectrum Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005227 gel permeation chromatography Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229920000578 graft copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- RGOVYLWUIBMPGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonivamide Chemical compound CCCCCCCCC(=O)NCC1=CC=C(O)C(OC)=C1 RGOVYLWUIBMPGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 5
- FSDNTQSJGHSJBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N piperidine-4-carbonitrile Chemical compound N#CC1CCNCC1 FSDNTQSJGHSJBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000000379 polymerizing effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000011164 primary particle Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000002940 repellent Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000012488 sample solution Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 5
- 125000005449 2-fluoro-1,4-phenylene group Chemical group [H]C1=C([*:2])C([H])=C(F)C([*:1])=C1[H] 0.000 description 4
- 125000005653 3,5-difluoro-1,4-phenylene group Chemical group [H]C1=C(F)C([*:2])=C(F)C([H])=C1[*:1] 0.000 description 4
- 125000005451 3-fluoro-1,4-phenylene group Chemical group [H]C1=C([*:1])C([H])=C(F)C([*:2])=C1[H] 0.000 description 4
- FVCSARBUZVPSQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-(2,4-dioxooxolan-3-yl)-7-methyl-3a,4,5,7a-tetrahydro-2-benzofuran-1,3-dione Chemical compound C1C(C(OC2=O)=O)C2C(C)=CC1C1C(=O)COC1=O FVCSARBUZVPSQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- SAPGBCWOQLHKKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-(2-methylprop-2-enoyloxy)hexyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCCCCCCOC(=O)C(C)=C SAPGBCWOQLHKKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical group C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- QIGBRXMKCJKVMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydroquinone Chemical compound OC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 QIGBRXMKCJKVMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 4
- 150000001252 acrylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000002723 alicyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000001797 benzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 4
- RLECCBFNWDXKPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(trimethylsilyl)sulfide Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)S[Si](C)(C)C RLECCBFNWDXKPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000002915 carbonyl group Chemical group [*:2]C([*:1])=O 0.000 description 4
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000003776 cleavage reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 4
- HQWPLXHWEZZGKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylzinc Chemical compound CC[Zn]CC HQWPLXHWEZZGKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- USIUVYZYUHIAEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenyl ether Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1OC1=CC=CC=C1 USIUVYZYUHIAEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 4
- LEQAOMBKQFMDFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N glyoxal Chemical compound O=CC=O LEQAOMBKQFMDFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 4
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000002161 passivation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 125000004368 propenyl group Chemical group C(=CC)* 0.000 description 4
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000007017 scission Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000565 sealant Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004054 semiconductor nanocrystal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (E)-8-Octadecenoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCC(O)=O WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000005450 2,3-difluoro-1,4-phenylene group Chemical group [H]C1=C([*:2])C(F)=C(F)C([*:1])=C1[H] 0.000 description 3
- 125000000954 2-hydroxyethyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])O[H] 0.000 description 3
- LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 20:1omega9c fatty acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9-Heptadecensaeure Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- HTTVIWWVPQQHRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N CC1CCC(CCC2COC(CCC3COC(C)OC3)CC2)CC1 Chemical compound CC1CCC(CCC2COC(CCC3COC(C)OC3)CC2)CC1 HTTVIWWVPQQHRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZTLZJZSCNZWXQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N CC1COC(CCC2COC(C)CC2)OC1 Chemical compound CC1COC(CCC2COC(C)CC2)OC1 ZTLZJZSCNZWXQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 3
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 108010010803 Gelatin Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 229920002153 Hydroxypropyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000005639 Lauric acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000005642 Oleic acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical group C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910007709 ZnTe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000004450 alkenylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 3
- AYJRCSIUFZENHW-DEQYMQKBSA-L barium(2+);oxomethanediolate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-][14C]([O-])=O AYJRCSIUFZENHW-DEQYMQKBSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 229910000416 bismuth oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 125000005587 carbonate group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 239000005018 casein Substances 0.000 description 3
- BECPQYXYKAMYBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N casein, tech. Chemical compound NCCCCC(C(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CC(C)C)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(C(C)O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(COP(O)(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(N)CC1=CC=CC=C1 BECPQYXYKAMYBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 235000021240 caseins Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 235000010980 cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 238000006356 dehydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- VBXWCGWXDOBUQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-K diacetyloxyindiganyl acetate Chemical compound [In+3].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O VBXWCGWXDOBUQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 3
- TYIXMATWDRGMPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibismuth;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Bi+3].[Bi+3] TYIXMATWDRGMPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XXBDWLFCJWSEKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylbenzylamine Chemical compound CN(C)CC1=CC=CC=C1 XXBDWLFCJWSEKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002612 dispersion medium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 3
- SNRUBQQJIBEYMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC SNRUBQQJIBEYMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000008273 gelatin Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920000159 gelatin Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 235000019322 gelatine Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 235000011852 gelatine desserts Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 229910052732 germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 3
- 239000001863 hydroxypropyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000010977 hydroxypropyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N imidazole Chemical group C1=CNC=N1 RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007641 inkjet printing Methods 0.000 description 3
- QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N isooleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 description 3
- SLCVBVWXLSEKPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N neopentyl glycol Chemical compound OCC(C)(C)CO SLCVBVWXLSEKPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N oleic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000000466 oxiranyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 3
- ABLZXFCXXLZCGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphonic acid group Chemical group P(O)(O)=O ABLZXFCXXLZCGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229920002401 polyacrylamide Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 235000019422 polyvinyl alcohol Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 3
- YLLIGHVCTUPGEH-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium;ethanol;hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+].CCO YLLIGHVCTUPGEH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 description 3
- LLHKCFNBLRBOGN-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene glycol methyl ether acetate Chemical compound COCC(C)OC(C)=O LLHKCFNBLRBOGN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004528 spin coating Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- CXWXQJXEFPUFDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetralin Chemical compound C1=CC=C2CCCCC2=C1 CXWXQJXEFPUFDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin dioxide Chemical compound O=[Sn]=O XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OUMZKMRZMVDEOF-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris(trimethylsilyl)phosphane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)P([Si](C)(C)C)[Si](C)(C)C OUMZKMRZMVDEOF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052724 xenon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N xenon atom Chemical compound [Xe] FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- PUPZLCDOIYMWBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N (+/-)-1,3-Butanediol Chemical compound CC(O)CCO PUPZLCDOIYMWBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XUKSWKGOQKREON-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-diacetoxybutane Chemical compound CC(=O)OCCCCOC(C)=O XUKSWKGOQKREON-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VXQBJTKSVGFQOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-butoxyethoxy)ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCCCOCCOCCOC(C)=O VXQBJTKSVGFQOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VPWNQTHUCYMVMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4'-sulfonyldiphenol Chemical compound C1=CC(O)=CC=C1S(=O)(=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 VPWNQTHUCYMVMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FKBMTBAXDISZGN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-methyl-3a,4,5,6,7,7a-hexahydro-2-benzofuran-1,3-dione Chemical compound C1C(C)CCC2C(=O)OC(=O)C12 FKBMTBAXDISZGN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RZVAJINKPMORJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetaminophen Chemical compound CC(=O)NC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 RZVAJINKPMORJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 101100378758 Anemone leveillei AL21 gene Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 229910004613 CdTe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004986 Cholesteric liquid crystals (ChLC) Substances 0.000 description 2
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910005540 GaP Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910004262 HgTe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910000673 Indium arsenide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 101150026452 Mal2 gene Proteins 0.000 description 2
- IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Heptane Chemical compound CCCCCCC IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JKRZOJADNVOXPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxalic acid dibutyl ester Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C(=O)OCCCC JKRZOJADNVOXPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 2
- YZCKVEUIGOORGS-IGMARMGPSA-N Protium Chemical compound [1H] YZCKVEUIGOORGS-IGMARMGPSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KYQCOXFCLRTKLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyrazine Chemical group C1=CN=CC=N1 KYQCOXFCLRTKLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N Selenium Chemical compound [Se] BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trimethylolpropane Chemical compound CCC(CO)(CO)CO ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MPIAGWXWVAHQBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N [3-prop-2-enoyloxy-2-[[3-prop-2-enoyloxy-2,2-bis(prop-2-enoyloxymethyl)propoxy]methyl]-2-(prop-2-enoyloxymethyl)propyl] prop-2-enoate Chemical compound C=CC(=O)OCC(COC(=O)C=C)(COC(=O)C=C)COCC(COC(=O)C=C)(COC(=O)C=C)COC(=O)C=C MPIAGWXWVAHQBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000003368 amide group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000987 azo dye Substances 0.000 description 2
- QVQLCTNNEUAWMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium oxide Chemical compound [Ba]=O QVQLCTNNEUAWMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012965 benzophenone Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004305 biphenyl Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000010290 biphenyl Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N bismuth atom Chemical compound [Bi] JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WERYXYBDKMZEQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N butane-1,4-diol Chemical compound OCCCCO WERYXYBDKMZEQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000001951 carbamoylamino group Chemical group C(N)(=O)N* 0.000 description 2
- 238000010538 cationic polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 2
- MVPPADPHJFYWMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorobenzene Chemical compound ClC1=CC=CC=C1 MVPPADPHJFYWMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052956 cinnabar Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000005725 cyclohexenylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000000113 cyclohexyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000004386 diacrylate group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 150000002009 diols Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000002296 dynamic light scattering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010828 elution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000001033 ether group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
- NIHNNTQXNPWCJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluorene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2CC3=CC=CC=C3C2=C1 NIHNNTQXNPWCJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000002485 formyl group Chemical group [H]C(*)=O 0.000 description 2
- 125000003055 glycidyl group Chemical group C(C1CO1)* 0.000 description 2
- 229940015043 glyoxal Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- RBTKNAXYKSUFRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N heliogen blue Chemical class [Cu].[N-]1C2=C(C=CC=C3)C3=C1N=C([N-]1)C3=CC=CC=C3C1=NC([N-]1)=C(C=CC=C3)C3=C1N=C([N-]1)C3=CC=CC=C3C1=N2 RBTKNAXYKSUFRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- GJWAEWLHSDGBGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexylphosphonic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCP(O)(O)=O GJWAEWLHSDGBGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920001519 homopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- WPYVAWXEWQSOGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium antimonide Chemical compound [Sb]#[In] WPYVAWXEWQSOGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RPQDHPTXJYYUPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium arsenide Chemical compound [In]#[As] RPQDHPTXJYYUPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000001023 inorganic pigment Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 2
- IQPQWNKOIGAROB-UHFFFAOYSA-N isocyanate group Chemical group [N-]=C=O IQPQWNKOIGAROB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000006317 isomerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000005647 linker group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004020 luminiscence type Methods 0.000 description 2
- 101150083490 mal1 gene Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 230000005499 meniscus Effects 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002052 molecular layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- QWVGKYWNOKOFNN-UHFFFAOYSA-N o-cresol Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1O QWVGKYWNOKOFNN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OHEMLAUGLPRNIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N octylphosphinic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCP(O)=O OHEMLAUGLPRNIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012860 organic pigment Substances 0.000 description 2
- AFEQENGXSMURHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxiran-2-ylmethanamine Chemical compound NCC1CO1 AFEQENGXSMURHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 101150077062 pal gene Proteins 0.000 description 2
- KJFMBFZCATUALV-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenolphthalein Chemical compound C1=CC(O)=CC=C1C1(C=2C=CC(O)=CC=2)C2=CC=CC=C2C(=O)O1 KJFMBFZCATUALV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000016 photochemical curing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920002120 photoresistant polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000006068 polycondensation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920001225 polyester resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004645 polyester resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000009719 polyimide resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000193 polymethacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229920001451 polypropylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000005297 pyrex Substances 0.000 description 2
- CYIDZMCFTVVTJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyromellitic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC(C(O)=O)=C(C(O)=O)C=C1C(O)=O CYIDZMCFTVVTJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007870 radical polymerization initiator Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229920005604 random copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000000467 secondary amino group Chemical group [H]N([*:1])[*:2] 0.000 description 2
- 229910052711 selenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011669 selenium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229920002050 silicone resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000005476 size effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052950 sphalerite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- VEALVRVVWBQVSL-UHFFFAOYSA-N strontium titanate Chemical class [Sr+2].[O-][Ti]([O-])=O VEALVRVVWBQVSL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000000475 sulfinyl group Chemical group [*:2]S([*:1])=O 0.000 description 2
- 125000000020 sulfo group Chemical group O=S(=O)([*])O[H] 0.000 description 2
- 125000000472 sulfonyl group Chemical group *S(*)(=O)=O 0.000 description 2
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000001302 tertiary amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- BVQJQTMSTANITJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetradecylphosphonic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCP(O)(O)=O BVQJQTMSTANITJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000000101 thioether group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000003396 thiol group Chemical group [H]S* 0.000 description 2
- URAYPUMNDPQOKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N triacetin Chemical compound CC(=O)OCC(OC(C)=O)COC(C)=O URAYPUMNDPQOKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FKIZDWBGWFWWOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethyl(trimethylsilylselanyl)silane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)[Se][Si](C)(C)C FKIZDWBGWFWWOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GETQZCLCWQTVFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylamine Chemical compound CN(C)C GETQZCLCWQTVFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RMZAYIKUYWXQPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N trioctylphosphane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCP(CCCCCCCC)CCCCCCCC RMZAYIKUYWXQPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RIOQSEWOXXDEQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenylphosphine Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 RIOQSEWOXXDEQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DTGKSKDOIYIVQL-WEDXCCLWSA-N (+)-borneol Chemical group C1C[C@@]2(C)[C@@H](O)C[C@@H]1C2(C)C DTGKSKDOIYIVQL-WEDXCCLWSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YBNMDCCMCLUHBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2,5-dioxopyrrolidin-1-yl) 4-pyren-1-ylbutanoate Chemical compound C=1C=C(C2=C34)C=CC3=CC=CC4=CC=C2C=1CCCC(=O)ON1C(=O)CCC1=O YBNMDCCMCLUHBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MJQHDSIEDGPFAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N (3-benzoylphenyl)-phenylmethanone Chemical compound C=1C=CC(C(=O)C=2C=CC=CC=2)=CC=1C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 MJQHDSIEDGPFAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QGLWBTPVKHMVHM-KTKRTIGZSA-N (z)-octadec-9-en-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCCN QGLWBTPVKHMVHM-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LEEANUDEDHYDTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-dimethoxypropane Chemical compound COCC(C)OC LEEANUDEDHYDTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BPXVHIRIPLPOPT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3,5-tris(2-hydroxyethyl)-1,3,5-triazinane-2,4,6-trione Chemical compound OCCN1C(=O)N(CCO)C(=O)N(CCO)C1=O BPXVHIRIPLPOPT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YJTKZCDBKVTVBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-Diphenylbenzene Chemical group C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 YJTKZCDBKVTVBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940058015 1,3-butylene glycol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- CBCKQZAAMUWICA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-phenylenediamine Chemical compound NC1=CC=C(N)C=C1 CBCKQZAAMUWICA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DKEGCUDAFWNSSO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,8-dibromooctane Chemical compound BrCCCCCCCCBr DKEGCUDAFWNSSO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ALVZNPYWJMLXKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,9-Nonanediol Chemical compound OCCCCCCCCCO ALVZNPYWJMLXKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LAVARTIQQDZFNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(1-methoxypropan-2-yloxy)propan-2-yl acetate Chemical compound COCC(C)OCC(C)OC(C)=O LAVARTIQQDZFNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UEIPWOFSKAZYJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(2-ethenoxyethoxy)-2-[2-(2-ethenoxyethoxy)ethoxy]ethane Chemical compound C=COCCOCCOCCOCCOC=C UEIPWOFSKAZYJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FJLUATLTXUNBOT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Hexadecylamine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCN FJLUATLTXUNBOT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HMIBQFXWSUBFTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-[4-(diethylamino)phenyl]ethanone Chemical compound CCN(CC)C1=CC=C(C(C)=O)C=C1 HMIBQFXWSUBFTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CZAVRNDQSIORTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethenoxy-2,2-bis(ethenoxymethyl)butane Chemical compound C=COCC(CC)(COC=C)COC=C CZAVRNDQSIORTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012956 1-hydroxycyclohexylphenyl-ketone Substances 0.000 description 1
- RERATEUBWLKDFE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methoxy-2-[2-(2-methoxypropoxy)propoxy]propane Chemical compound COCC(C)OCC(C)OCC(C)OC RERATEUBWLKDFE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HECLRDQVFMWTQS-RGOKHQFPSA-N 1755-01-7 Chemical compound C1[C@H]2[C@@H]3CC=C[C@@H]3[C@@H]1C=C2 HECLRDQVFMWTQS-RGOKHQFPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VILCJCGEZXAXTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,2-tetramine Chemical compound NCCNCCNCCN VILCJCGEZXAXTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LTMRRSWNXVJMBA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 2,2-diethylpropanedioate Chemical compound CCC(CC)(C([O-])=O)C([O-])=O LTMRRSWNXVJMBA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- AHDSRXYHVZECER-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4,6-tris[(dimethylamino)methyl]phenol Chemical compound CN(C)CC1=CC(CN(C)C)=C(O)C(CN(C)C)=C1 AHDSRXYHVZECER-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FPZWZCWUIYYYBU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-ethoxyethoxy)ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOCCOCCOC(C)=O FPZWZCWUIYYYBU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YATYDCQGPUOZGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-hydroxypropoxy)propan-1-ol;prop-2-enoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C=C.CC(O)COC(C)CO YATYDCQGPUOZGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FALRKNHUBBKYCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(chloromethyl)pyridine-3-carbonitrile Chemical compound ClCC1=NC=CC=C1C#N FALRKNHUBBKYCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DJOYTAUERRJRAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(n-methyl-4-nitroanilino)acetonitrile Chemical compound N#CCN(C)C1=CC=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C1 DJOYTAUERRJRAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LCZVSXRMYJUNFX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2-(2-hydroxypropoxy)propoxy]propan-1-ol Chemical compound CC(O)COC(C)COC(C)CO LCZVSXRMYJUNFX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KUAUJXBLDYVELT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[[2,2-dimethyl-3-(oxiran-2-ylmethoxy)propoxy]methyl]oxirane Chemical compound C1OC1COCC(C)(C)COCC1CO1 KUAUJXBLDYVELT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TXBCBTDQIULDIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[[3-hydroxy-2,2-bis(hydroxymethyl)propoxy]methyl]-2-(hydroxymethyl)propane-1,3-diol Chemical compound OCC(CO)(CO)COCC(CO)(CO)CO TXBCBTDQIULDIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UHFFVFAKEGKNAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-benzyl-2-(dimethylamino)-1-(4-morpholin-4-ylphenyl)butan-1-one Chemical compound C=1C=C(N2CCOCC2)C=CC=1C(=O)C(CC)(N(C)C)CC1=CC=CC=C1 UHFFVFAKEGKNAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004974 2-butenyl group Chemical group C(C=CC)* 0.000 description 1
- VUIWJRYTWUGOOF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethenoxyethanol Chemical compound OCCOC=C VUIWJRYTWUGOOF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KMNCBSZOIQAUFX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethoxy-1,2-diphenylethanone Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(OCC)C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 KMNCBSZOIQAUFX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SVONRAPFKPVNKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethoxyethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOCCOC(C)=O SVONRAPFKPVNKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QPXVRLXJHPTCPW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-(4-propan-2-ylphenyl)propan-1-one Chemical compound CC(C)C1=CC=C(C(=O)C(C)(C)O)C=C1 QPXVRLXJHPTCPW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XMLYCEVDHLAQEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-phenylpropan-1-one Chemical compound CC(C)(O)C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 XMLYCEVDHLAQEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LWRBVKNFOYUCNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methyl-1-(4-methylsulfanylphenyl)-2-morpholin-4-ylpropan-1-one Chemical compound C1=CC(SC)=CC=C1C(=O)C(C)(C)N1CCOCC1 LWRBVKNFOYUCNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CRWNQZTZTZWPOF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methyl-4-phenylpyridine Chemical compound C1=NC(C)=CC(C=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 CRWNQZTZTZWPOF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KTALPKYXQZGAEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-propan-2-ylthioxanthen-9-one Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)C3=CC(C(C)C)=CC=C3SC2=C1 KTALPKYXQZGAEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QKJWEMFCEHDWQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,3-bis(hydroxymethyl)butane-1,1,4-triol Chemical compound C(O)C(CC(O)O)(CO)CO QKJWEMFCEHDWQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KLJZSHGQOMNMAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-[2-oxo-2-[2-(2,3,5-tricarboxycyclopentyl)acetyl]oxyethyl]cyclopentane-1,2,4-tricarboxylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1CC(C(O)=O)C(C(O)=O)C1CC(=O)OC(=O)CC1C(C(O)=O)C(C(O)=O)CC1C(O)=O KLJZSHGQOMNMAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SXFJDZNJHVPHPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-methylpentane-1,5-diol Chemical compound OCCC(C)CCO SXFJDZNJHVPHPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ULKLGIFJWFIQFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5K8XI641G3 Chemical compound CCC1=NC=C(C)N1 ULKLGIFJWFIQFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical group [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical class CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910017115 AlSb Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- HWSISDHAHRVNMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bismuth subnitrate Chemical compound O[NH+]([O-])O[Bi](O[N+]([O-])=O)O[N+]([O-])=O HWSISDHAHRVNMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical group [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical group [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WUPCFMITFBVJMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N CC(C)(C1)N(C)C(C)(C)CC1OC(CC(C(CC(OC1CC(C)(C)N(C)C(C)(C)C1)=O)C(OC1CC(C)(C)N(C)C(C)(C)C1)=O)C(OC1CC(C)(C)N(C)C(C)(C)C1)=O)=O Chemical compound CC(C)(C1)N(C)C(C)(C)CC1OC(CC(C(CC(OC1CC(C)(C)N(C)C(C)(C)C1)=O)C(OC1CC(C)(C)N(C)C(C)(C)C1)=O)C(OC1CC(C)(C)N(C)C(C)(C)C1)=O)=O WUPCFMITFBVJMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NZNAAUDJKMURFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N CC(C)(C1)NC(C)(C)CC1OC(CC(C(CC(OC1CC(C)(C)NC(C)(C)C1)=O)C(OC1CC(C)(C)NC(C)(C)C1)=O)C(OC1CC(C)(C)NC(C)(C)C1)=O)=O Chemical compound CC(C)(C1)NC(C)(C)CC1OC(CC(C(CC(OC1CC(C)(C)NC(C)(C)C1)=O)C(OC1CC(C)(C)NC(C)(C)C1)=O)C(OC1CC(C)(C)NC(C)(C)C1)=O)=O NZNAAUDJKMURFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RFAFVAPNXFBQJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N CC(CC1)CCC1C1COC(CCC2COC(C)OC2)CC1 Chemical compound CC(CC1)CCC1C1COC(CCC2COC(C)OC2)CC1 RFAFVAPNXFBQJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- UUXZOQIZZROZNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cc1ccc(CCc2cc(F)c(CCc3cc(F)c(C)c(F)c3)cc2)cc1 Chemical compound Cc1ccc(CCc2cc(F)c(CCc3cc(F)c(C)c(F)c3)cc2)cc1 UUXZOQIZZROZNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910004611 CdZnTe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920000858 Cyclodextrin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- VIZORQUEIQEFRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl adipate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)CCCCC(=O)OCC VIZORQUEIQEFRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DKMROQRQHGEIOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl succinate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)CCC(=O)OCC DKMROQRQHGEIOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MUXOBHXGJLMRAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethyl succinate Chemical compound COC(=O)CCC(=O)OC MUXOBHXGJLMRAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IMROMDMJAWUWLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethenol Chemical compound OC=C IMROMDMJAWUWLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZMDDERVSCYEKPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl (mesitylcarbonyl)phenylphosphinate Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1P(=O)(OCC)C(=O)C1=C(C)C=C(C)C=C1C ZMDDERVSCYEKPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910005542 GaSb Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001218 Gallium arsenide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 241000764773 Inna Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910000661 Mercury cadmium telluride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004988 Nematic liquid crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910004727 OSO3H Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 101100326677 Onchocerca volvulus crt-1 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- OFSAUHSCHWRZKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Padimate A Chemical compound CC(C)CCOC(=O)C1=CC=C(N(C)C)C=C1 OFSAUHSCHWRZKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910002665 PbTe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ALQSHHUCVQOPAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pentane-1,5-diol Chemical compound OCCCCCO ALQSHHUCVQOPAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PCNDJXKNXGMECE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenazine Chemical group C1=CC=CC2=NC3=CC=CC=C3N=C21 PCNDJXKNXGMECE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002873 Polyethylenimine Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002396 Polyurea Polymers 0.000 description 1
- CZPWVGJYEJSRLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyrimidine Chemical group C1=CN=CN=C1 CZPWVGJYEJSRLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910006069 SO3H Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052581 Si3N4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000577 Silicon-germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004990 Smectic liquid crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910005642 SnTe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910002370 SrTiO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 244000028419 Styrax benzoin Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000000126 Styrax benzoin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000008411 Sumatra benzointree Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XSTXAVWGXDQKEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trichloroethylene Chemical compound ClC=C(Cl)Cl XSTXAVWGXDQKEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethanolamine Chemical compound OCCN(CCO)CCO GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QYKIQEUNHZKYBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl ether Chemical class C=COC=C QYKIQEUNHZKYBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000010724 Wisteria floribunda Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000005083 Zinc sulfide Substances 0.000 description 1
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DBHQYYNDKZDVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N [4-(4-methylphenyl)sulfanylphenyl]-phenylmethanone Chemical compound C1=CC(C)=CC=C1SC1=CC=C(C(=O)C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=C1 DBHQYYNDKZDVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GTDPSWPPOUPBNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N ac1mqpva Chemical compound CC12C(=O)OC(=O)C1(C)C1(C)C2(C)C(=O)OC1=O GTDPSWPPOUPBNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000008062 acetophenones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000008065 acid anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000003647 acryloyl group Chemical group O=C([*])C([H])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 238000007259 addition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001476 alcoholic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001338 aliphatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920003232 aliphatic polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000000304 alkynyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-acetylene Natural products C#C HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Al+3] WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920003180 amino resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000004397 aminosulfonyl group Chemical group NS(=O)(=O)* 0.000 description 1
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O ammonium group Chemical group [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- JRPBQTZRNDNNOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium titanate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[Ba+2].[O-][Ti]([O-])([O-])[O-] JRPBQTZRNDNNOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910002113 barium titanate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910021523 barium zirconate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DQBAOWPVHRWLJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium(2+);dioxido(oxo)zirconium Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-][Zr]([O-])=O DQBAOWPVHRWLJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HFACYLZERDEVSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzidine Chemical group C1=CC(N)=CC=C1C1=CC=C(N)C=C1 HFACYLZERDEVSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960002130 benzoin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- RWCCWEUUXYIKHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzophenone Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 RWCCWEUUXYIKHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000008366 benzophenones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- MQDJYUACMFCOFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis[2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)phenyl]methanone Chemical compound C=1C=CC=C(C(=O)C=2C(=CC=CC=2)C2(O)CCCCC2)C=1C1(O)CCCCC1 MQDJYUACMFCOFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VYHBFRJRBHMIQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis[4-(diethylamino)phenyl]methanone Chemical compound C1=CC(N(CC)CC)=CC=C1C(=O)C1=CC=C(N(CC)CC)C=C1 VYHBFRJRBHMIQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940036348 bismuth carbonate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960001482 bismuth subnitrate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001045 blue dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000005619 boric acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- UDSAIICHUKSCKT-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromophenol blue Chemical compound C1=C(Br)C(O)=C(Br)C=C1C1(C=2C=C(Br)C(O)=C(Br)C=2)C2=CC=CC=C2S(=O)(=O)O1 UDSAIICHUKSCKT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019437 butane-1,3-diol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000006226 butoxyethyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- AOWKSNWVBZGMTJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium titanate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][Ti]([O-])=O AOWKSNWVBZGMTJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VTJUKNSKBAOEHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N calixarene Chemical compound COC(=O)COC1=C(CC=2C(=C(CC=3C(=C(C4)C=C(C=3)C(C)(C)C)OCC(=O)OC)C=C(C=2)C(C)(C)C)OCC(=O)OC)C=C(C(C)(C)C)C=C1CC1=C(OCC(=O)OC)C4=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C1 VTJUKNSKBAOEHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003917 carbamoyl group Chemical group [H]N([H])C(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000012663 cationic photopolymerization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- VZWXIQHBIQLMPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromane Chemical group C1=CC=C2CCCOC2=C1 VZWXIQHBIQLMPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052570 clay Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- XCJYREBRNVKWGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper(II) phthalocyanine Chemical compound [Cu+2].C12=CC=CC=C2C(N=C2[N-]C(C3=CC=CC=C32)=N2)=NC1=NC([C]1C=CC=CC1=1)=NC=1N=C1[C]3C=CC=CC3=C2[N-]1 XCJYREBRNVKWGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MSBXTPRURXJCPF-DQWIULQBSA-N cucurbit[6]uril Chemical compound N1([C@@H]2[C@@H]3N(C1=O)CN1[C@@H]4[C@@H]5N(C1=O)CN1[C@@H]6[C@@H]7N(C1=O)CN1[C@@H]8[C@@H]9N(C1=O)CN([C@H]1N(C%10=O)CN9C(=O)N8CN7C(=O)N6CN5C(=O)N4CN3C(=O)N2C2)C3=O)CN4C(=O)N5[C@@H]6[C@H]4N2C(=O)N6CN%10[C@H]1N3C5 MSBXTPRURXJCPF-DQWIULQBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- ISAOCJYIOMOJEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N desyl alcohol Natural products C=1C=CC=CC=1C(O)C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 ISAOCJYIOMOJEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004985 diamines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- UYAAVKFHBMJOJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N diimidazo[1,3-b:1',3'-e]pyrazine-5,10-dione Chemical compound O=C1C2=CN=CN2C(=O)C2=CN=CN12 UYAAVKFHBMJOJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006471 dimerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- BEPAFCGSDWSTEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl malonate Chemical compound COC(=O)CC(=O)OC BEPAFCGSDWSTEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003618 dip coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- ZZTCPWRAHWXWCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenylmethanediamine Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(N)(N)C1=CC=CC=C1 ZZTCPWRAHWXWCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XVKKIGYVKWTOKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenylphosphoryl(phenyl)methanone Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1P(=O)(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 XVKKIGYVKWTOKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SZXQTJUDPRGNJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipropylene glycol Chemical compound OCCCOCCCO SZXQTJUDPRGNJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003438 dodecyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 238000000609 electron-beam lithography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000295 emission spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004185 ester group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229940052303 ethers for general anesthesia Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000005677 ethinylene group Chemical group [*:2]C#C[*:1] 0.000 description 1
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 1
- XXOYNJXVWVNOOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N fenuron Chemical compound CN(C)C(=O)NC1=CC=CC=C1 XXOYNJXVWVNOOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001087 glyceryl triacetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013773 glyceryl triacetate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001046 green dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019382 gum benzoic Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- XXMIOPMDWAUFGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexane-1,6-diol Chemical compound OCCCCCCO XXMIOPMDWAUFGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen iodide Chemical class I XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001841 imino group Chemical group [H]N=* 0.000 description 1
- AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium;oxotin Chemical compound [In].[Sn]=O AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HRHKULZDDYWVBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium;oxozinc;tin Chemical compound [In].[Sn].[Zn]=O HRHKULZDDYWVBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012948 isocyanate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002513 isocyanates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000468 ketone group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000031700 light absorption Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004611 light stabiliser Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011344 liquid material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001459 lithography Methods 0.000 description 1
- ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium carbonate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-]C([O-])=O ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000001095 magnesium carbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000021 magnesium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 101150088659 mal3 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000000 metal hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004692 metal hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000005395 methacrylic acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000000113 methacrylic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000007522 mineralic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910003465 moissanite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002808 molecular sieve Substances 0.000 description 1
- XTAZYLNFDRKIHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-dioctyloctan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCN(CCCCCCCC)CCCCCCCC XTAZYLNFDRKIHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000740 n-pentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001400 nonyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- OTLDLKLSNZMTTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N octahydro-1h-4,7-methanoindene-1,5-diyldimethanol Chemical compound C1C2C3C(CO)CCC3C1C(CO)C2 OTLDLKLSNZMTTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IOQPZZOEVPZRBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N octan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCN IOQPZZOEVPZRBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N octane Chemical compound CCCCCCCC TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OEIJHBUUFURJLI-UHFFFAOYSA-N octane-1,8-diol Chemical compound OCCCCCCCCO OEIJHBUUFURJLI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KZCOBXFFBQJQHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octane-1-thiol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCS KZCOBXFFBQJQHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002347 octyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001741 organic sulfur group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000003566 oxetanyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- MPQXHAGKBWFSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxidophosphanium Chemical group [PH3]=O MPQXHAGKBWFSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YPNZYYWORCABPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxiran-2-ylmethyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate;styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1.CC(=C)C(=O)OCC1CO1 YPNZYYWORCABPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000006353 oxyethylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000000913 palmityl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- FZUGPQWGEGAKET-UHFFFAOYSA-N parbenate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C1=CC=C(N(C)C)C=C1 FZUGPQWGEGAKET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentaerythritol Chemical compound OCC(CO)(CO)CO WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004965 peroxy acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- LYXOWKPVTCPORE-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenyl-(4-phenylphenyl)methanone Chemical compound C=1C=C(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=CC=1C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 LYXOWKPVTCPORE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002467 phosphate group Chemical group [H]OP(=O)(O[H])O[*] 0.000 description 1
- ACVYVLVWPXVTIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphinic acid Chemical group O[PH2]=O ACVYVLVWPXVTIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000005328 phosphinyl group Chemical group [PH2](=O)* 0.000 description 1
- 238000001296 phosphorescence spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001443 photoexcitation Effects 0.000 description 1
- IEQIEDJGQAUEQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalocyanine Chemical compound N1C(N=C2C3=CC=CC=C3C(N=C3C4=CC=CC=C4C(=N4)N3)=N2)=C(C=CC=C2)C2=C1N=C1C2=CC=CC=C2C4=N1 IEQIEDJGQAUEQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920005575 poly(amic acid) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002454 poly(glycidyl methacrylate) polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006122 polyamide resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000768 polyamine Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001228 polyisocyanate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005056 polyisocyanate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005749 polyurethane resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229940116423 propylene glycol diacetate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 description 1
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004076 pyridyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- HNJBEVLQSNELDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrrolidin-2-one Chemical group O=C1CCCN1 HNJBEVLQSNELDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FYNROBRQIVCIQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrrolo[3,2-b]pyrrole-5,6-dione Chemical compound C1=CN=C2C(=O)C(=O)N=C21 FYNROBRQIVCIQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000013441 quality evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010526 radical polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010948 rhodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium atom Chemical compound [Rh] MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052594 sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010980 sapphire Substances 0.000 description 1
- HFHDHCJBZVLPGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N schardinger α-dextrin Chemical compound O1C(C(C2O)O)C(CO)OC2OC(C(C2O)O)C(CO)OC2OC(C(C2O)O)C(CO)OC2OC(C(O)C2O)C(CO)OC2OC(C(C2O)O)C(CO)OC2OC2C(O)C(O)C1OC2CO HFHDHCJBZVLPGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003808 silyl group Chemical group [H][Si]([H])([H])[*] 0.000 description 1
- URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium aluminosilicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000527 sonication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004079 stearyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000003107 substituted aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229940014800 succinic anhydride Drugs 0.000 description 1
- WSANLGASBHUYGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfidophosphanium Chemical group S=[PH3] WSANLGASBHUYGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000213 sulfino group Chemical group [H]OS(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 125000000565 sulfonamide group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000542 sulfonic acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000004434 sulfur atom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfuric acid group Chemical group S(O)(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OCGWQDWYSQAFTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tellanylidenelead Chemical compound [Pb]=[Te] OCGWQDWYSQAFTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012085 test solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002803 thermoplastic polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000001391 thioamide group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000003573 thiols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011135 tin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001887 tin oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012780 transparent material Substances 0.000 description 1
- ILJSQTXMGCGYMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N triacetic acid Chemical class CC(=O)CC(=O)CC(O)=O ILJSQTXMGCGYMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960002622 triacetin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000003852 triazoles Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZNOKGRXACCSDPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten trioxide Chemical compound O=[W](=O)=O ZNOKGRXACCSDPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000870 ultraviolet spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001771 vacuum deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007740 vapor deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229960000834 vinyl ether Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- YVTHLONGBIQYBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc indium(3+) oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O--].[Zn++].[In+3] YVTHLONGBIQYBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DRDVZXDWVBGGMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc;sulfide Chemical compound [S-2].[Zn+2] DRDVZXDWVBGGMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D11/00—Inks
- C09D11/02—Printing inks
- C09D11/10—Printing inks based on artificial resins
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D11/00—Inks
- C09D11/30—Inkjet printing inks
- C09D11/38—Inkjet printing inks characterised by non-macromolecular additives other than solvents, pigments or dyes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41J—TYPEWRITERS; SELECTIVE PRINTING MECHANISMS, i.e. MECHANISMS PRINTING OTHERWISE THAN FROM A FORME; CORRECTION OF TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS
- B41J2/00—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed
- B41J2/005—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed characterised by bringing liquid or particles selectively into contact with a printing material
- B41J2/01—Ink jet
- B41J2/21—Ink jet for multi-colour printing
- B41J2/2107—Ink jet for multi-colour printing characterised by the ink properties
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
- B41M5/00—Duplicating or marking methods; Sheet materials for use therein
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D11/00—Inks
- C09D11/02—Printing inks
- C09D11/10—Printing inks based on artificial resins
- C09D11/101—Inks specially adapted for printing processes involving curing by wave energy or particle radiation, e.g. with UV-curing following the printing
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D11/00—Inks
- C09D11/30—Inkjet printing inks
- C09D11/32—Inkjet printing inks characterised by colouring agents
- C09D11/322—Pigment inks
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D11/00—Inks
- C09D11/30—Inkjet printing inks
- C09D11/32—Inkjet printing inks characterised by colouring agents
- C09D11/324—Inkjet printing inks characterised by colouring agents containing carbon black
- C09D11/326—Inkjet printing inks characterised by colouring agents containing carbon black characterised by the pigment dispersant
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D11/00—Inks
- C09D11/30—Inkjet printing inks
- C09D11/40—Ink-sets specially adapted for multi-colour inkjet printing
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D11/00—Inks
- C09D11/50—Sympathetic, colour changing or similar inks
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D11/00—Inks
- C09D11/52—Electrically conductive inks
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/20—Filters
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/20—Filters
- G02B5/201—Filters in the form of arrays
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/133509—Filters, e.g. light shielding masks
- G02F1/133514—Colour filters
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
- G02F1/133617—Illumination with ultraviolet light; Luminescent elements or materials associated to the cell
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F2/00—Demodulating light; Transferring the modulation of modulated light; Frequency-changing of light
- G02F2/02—Frequency-changing of light, e.g. by quantum counters
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
- B82Y20/00—Nanooptics, e.g. quantum optics or photonic crystals
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
- B82Y30/00—Nanotechnology for materials or surface science, e.g. nanocomposites
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
- B82Y40/00—Manufacture or treatment of nanostructures
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F2202/00—Materials and properties
- G02F2202/36—Micro- or nanomaterials
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a dispersion and an ink composition for inkjet using the same, a light conversion layer, and a liquid crystal display element.
- a color filter used in such an active matrix type liquid crystal display device is obtained by applying a photosensitive resin composition containing a pigment to a glass substrate, drying, exposing to a mask by UV irradiation, and removing an uncured portion by alkali development. Thereafter, it is baked to obtain a dye pattern, and this is repeated to produce a red, green, and blue color material pattern.
- an ink jet color filter manufacturing method has attracted attention in place of the above-described photolithography method.
- red, green, and blue color material patterns can be formed simultaneously, and the manufacturing efficiency can be improved.
- all of the ejected ink is used as the color material, There is no waste, and an increase in the size of the liquid crystal panel can be dealt with by increasing the number of scans and the number of nozzles, which is advantageous in terms of cost because it is not necessary to introduce new large equipment.
- Ink dispersions used in such an ink jet method have increased the concentration of pigment in the ink in order to meet the required performance of liquid crystal display elements such as high definition and high brightness.
- There have been problems such as lowering the stability and lowering the redispersibility of the pigment that has settled when the ink jet apparatus is stopped for a long period of time.
- the pigment concentration in the color filter is increased, the light transmittance is reduced and the amount of light must be increased, which increases the power consumption. Therefore, there is a limit to the improvement in color reproducibility and color purity. there were.
- an ink-jet ink in which nanocrystals for light emission such as quantum dots having a particle diameter of several nanometers to several tens of nanometers are dispersed is used for the electroluminescent light-emitting layer.
- the technique used is known (see Patent Document 1 below).
- the technology of using such a light-emitting nanocrystal as a light-emitting member is based on the quantum size effect and the multi-electron effect of the light-emitting nanocrystal, and has a high brightness and a small half-value width at different wavelengths depending on the particle diameter. The fluorescence can be emitted, and the color reproducibility and color purity can be improved.
- an ultraviolet curable ink is known as a method that does not require a drying step (see Patent Document 2 below).
- an ink-jet ink composition in which nanocrystals for light emission are dispersed so far as a color developing member corresponding to a color filter of a liquid crystal display element.
- an organic solvent system as described in Patent Document 1 is used. Even if an inkjet is used for a color filter for liquid crystal display, a process for drying an organic solvent is required, and there remains a problem in productivity, and the luminescent nanocrystal itself is easily deteriorated by the influence of heat, oxygen, and moisture. Then, after printing on the glass substrate, the luminescent nanocrystals themselves are exposed to the outside air while being dried, so that deterioration tends to occur, resulting in a problem that luminance and color reproducibility are lowered.
- the ultraviolet ray curable ink jet ink composition as disclosed in Patent Document 2 uses a polymerizable monomer as a main component, so that there is a great restriction on the selection of a dispersant used for this from the viewpoint of compatibility. Since the dispersant also affects the dispersibility of the pigment, it is difficult to select an optimal composition. If a nanocrystal for light emission is to be dispersed in an ultraviolet curable ink jet, the nanocrystal is several nanometers to several tens of nanometers. Therefore, the surface area is larger than that of a general pigment, and it becomes a coordination site. It has high surface atoms, so it has high reactivity and tends to aggregate particles.
- the light-emitting nanocrystal emits light by the quantum size effect, so that when the particles aggregate, a quenching phenomenon occurs, resulting in a decrease in fluorescence quantum yield and a decrease in luminance and color reproducibility.
- a color filter pixel portion (hereinafter also simply referred to as “pixel portion”) is formed by a dispersion or ink composition using a luminescent nanocrystal, light from the light source is absorbed by the luminescent nanocrystal. It has been confirmed that a new problem of leakage from the pixel portion occurs. Such leakage light needs to be reduced as much as possible in order to reduce the color reproducibility of the pixel portion.
- the problem to be solved by the present invention is to reduce leakage light in a curable dispersion (curable ink composition) that cures in response to external stimuli such as active energy rays such as ultraviolet rays and light and heat.
- Dispersion that is excellent in dispersibility of light-emitting nanocrystals and that can exhibit high light emission efficiency and color reproducibility in a light conversion member that is a printed product, an ink-jet ink composition using the same, and the ink composition
- An object of the present invention is to provide a liquid crystal display element having a light conversion layer formed of an object and excellent in luminous efficiency and color reproducibility.
- the present inventors use a polymer dispersant having a predetermined amine value as a dispersion, for example, a dispersant for luminescent nanocrystals in an ink composition for a color filter.
- a polymer dispersant having a predetermined amine value for example, a dispersant for luminescent nanocrystals in an ink composition for a color filter.
- the present invention comprises a dispersion characterized by comprising as essential components a luminescent nanocrystal, a polymer dispersant having an amine value of 5 mg / KOHg or more, and a stimulus-responsive curable material that cures in response to an external stimulus.
- a dispersion characterized by comprising as essential components a luminescent nanocrystal, a polymer dispersant having an amine value of 5 mg / KOHg or more, and a stimulus-responsive curable material that cures in response to an external stimulus.
- the present invention further relates to an ink-jet ink composition
- an ink-jet ink composition comprising a stimulus-responsive curable dispersion that cures in response to external stimuli such as active energy rays and heat.
- the present invention further relates to a light conversion layer obtained by printing and curing the ink composition on a substrate by an inkjet method.
- the present invention further includes a pair of substrates on which the first substrate and the second substrate are provided facing each other; A liquid crystal layer sandwiched between the first substrate and the second substrate; A pixel electrode provided on at least one of the first substrate and the second substrate; A common electrode provided on at least one of the first substrate and the second substrate; A light source unit including a light emitting element; A light conversion layer capable of light-converting light from the light source unit into any of red, green, and blue, and With The liquid crystal layer has the general formula (i)
- a liquid crystal composition comprising:
- the light conversion layer is composed of light-emitting nanocrystals, a polymer dispersant having an amine value of 5 mg / KOHg or more, and a stimulus-responsive curable material that cures in response to an external stimulus.
- the present invention relates to a liquid crystal display element.
- curable dispersion curable ink composition
- an external stimulus such as an active energy ray including an electron beam or light such as ultraviolet rays or an electron beam.
- dispersion of light-emitting nanocrystals in a curable dispersion that cures in response to an external stimulus such as an active energy ray including light such as ultraviolet rays or an electron beam or heat or heat.
- an external stimulus such as an active energy ray including light such as ultraviolet rays or an electron beam or heat or heat.
- Active energy ray-curable dispersion capable of exhibiting high luminous efficiency and color reproducibility in a light conversion member that is a printed product, an ink jet ink using the same, and light conversion formed by the ink
- the liquid crystal display element which has the luminous efficiency and color reproducibility which have a layer can be provided.
- an inkjet energy curable with an active energy ray such as ultraviolet rays the dispersibility of the luminescent nanocrystals is excellent, and the light conversion member that is the printed matter exhibits high luminous efficiency and color reproducibility.
- An active energy ray-curable dispersion capable of producing a liquid crystal, an ink-jet ink using the same, and a liquid crystal display device having a light conversion layer formed of the ink and excellent in luminous efficiency and color reproducibility can be provided.
- the liquid crystal display element of the present invention is excellent in transmittance and maintains the color reproduction region for a long time.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of the light conversion layer 6.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of the light conversion layer 6.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of the light conversion layer 6. It is a perspective view which shows other embodiment of the liquid crystal display element of this invention.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a cross section of the liquid crystal display element taken along the line II in FIG. 4, and is a schematic diagram showing an example of a light conversion layer in the liquid crystal display element of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a cross section of the liquid crystal display element taken along the line II in FIG. 4, and is a schematic view showing another example of the light conversion layer in the liquid crystal display element of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a cross section of the liquid crystal display element taken along the line II in FIG. 4, and is a schematic view showing another example of the light conversion layer in the liquid crystal display element of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a cross section of the liquid crystal display element taken along the line II in FIG. 4, and is a schematic view showing another example of the light conversion layer in the liquid crystal display element of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a cross section of the liquid crystal display element taken along the line II in FIG. 4, and is a schematic view showing another example of the light conversion layer in the liquid crystal display element of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a cross section of the liquid crystal display element taken along the line II in FIG. 4, and is a schematic view showing another example of the light conversion layer in the liquid crystal display element of the present invention. It is sectional drawing which cut
- FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of the color filter layer 60.
- the dispersion according to the present invention includes, as essential components, a luminescent nanocrystal, a polymer dispersant having an amine value of 5 mg / KOHg or more, and a stimulus-responsive curable material that cures in response to an external stimulus. . Since the dispersion according to the present invention has a polymer dispersant having an amine value of 5 mg / KOHg or more, aggregation of light emitting nanocrystals or quenching of light emitting nanocrystals can be reduced, thereby suppressing leakage light. -It can be reduced and exhibits excellent color development.
- the dispersion referred to in this specification includes the light-emitting nanocrystal, the polymer dispersant, and a stimulus-responsive curable material, and is suspended in a dispersion medium using a solid-phase “light-emitting nanocrystal” as a dispersoid.
- the stimulus-responsive curable material or the polymer dispersant may be a liquid phase (dispersion medium) or a solid phase, and the polymer dispersant and the stimulus-responsive curable material are solid phases. May further contain a solvent. Therefore, the dispersion according to the present invention is a concept including an ink composition, and the dispersion may be used as it is for forming a film or a layer as an ink composition without diluting with a solvent or adding an additive. .
- the ink composition as used in the present specification refers to a colored liquid used for writing or printing, including the light-emitting nanocrystal, the polymer dispersant, and the stimulus-responsive curable material. , Copying ink, pressure-sensitive copying marking ink, and the like, and includes a composition for forming a color filter used in a display. Therefore, the ink composition according to the present invention defines the application of the dispersion of the present invention.
- the active energy ray-curable dispersion of the present invention comprises a light emitting nanocrystal, a polymer dispersant having an amine value in the range of 8 to 50 mgKOH / g, and an active energy ray-curable monomer as essential components. is there.
- the dispersion since the dispersion exhibits excellent dispersibility in the polymerizable monomer, as described above, excellent high luminous efficiency can be obtained.
- the light-emitting nanocrystals that can be used here are preferably in the form of particles having at least one length of 100 nm or less, and the shape may be any geometric shape. It can be symmetric or asymmetric. Specific examples of the shape of the nanocrystal include a circular (spherical) shape, an elliptical shape, a pyramid shape, a disk shape, a branch shape, a net shape, or an arbitrary irregular shape, and are particularly particulate quantum dots. It is preferable.
- the luminescent nanocrystal according to the present invention is a nano-sized crystal that absorbs excitation light and emits fluorescence or phosphorescence.
- the maximum particle diameter measured by a transmission electron microscope or a scanning electron microscope is 100 nm. It is the following crystal.
- the luminescent nanocrystal according to the present invention can emit light (fluorescence or phosphorescence) having a wavelength different from the absorbed wavelength, for example, by absorbing light having a predetermined wavelength.
- the luminescent nanocrystal may be a red luminescent nanocrystal particle that emits light (red light) having an emission peak wavelength in the range of 605 to 665 nm, and has light emission peak wavelength in the range of 500 to 560 nm ( It may be a green light-emitting nanocrystal that emits green light) or a blue light-emitting nanocrystal that emits light (blue light) having an emission peak wavelength in the range of 420 to 480 nm.
- the ink composition contains at least one of these luminescent nanocrystals.
- the light absorbed by the luminescent nanocrystal may be, for example, light having a wavelength in the range of 400 nm to less than 500 nm (blue light) or light having a wavelength in the range of 200 nm to 400 nm (ultraviolet light).
- the emission peak wavelength of the luminescent nanocrystal can be confirmed, for example, in a fluorescence spectrum or a phosphorescence spectrum measured using an ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer.
- the light-emitting nanocrystal preferably has a core including at least one first semiconductor material and a shell that covers the core and includes a second semiconductor material that is the same as or different from the core.
- the light-emitting nanocrystal includes at least a core including the first semiconductor material and a shell including the second semiconductor material, and the first semiconductor material and the second semiconductor material may be the same or different. Further, the core and / or the shell may contain a third semiconductor material other than the first semiconductor and / or the second semiconductor. In addition, what is necessary is just to coat
- the light-emitting nanocrystal further includes a core including at least one first semiconductor material, a first shell covering the core and including a second semiconductor material that is the same as or different from the core, and It is preferable to have a second shell that covers the first shell and includes a third semiconductor material that is the same as or different from the first shell.
- the nanocrystal for light emission according to the present invention has a form having a core containing a first semiconductor material and a shell covering the core and containing the same second semiconductor material as the core, that is, one type or two
- core-only structure also referred to as core structure
- core structure also referred to as core structure
- the light-emitting nanocrystal according to the present invention preferably includes three forms of a core structure, a core / shell structure, and a core / shell / shell structure.
- the core has two or more kinds of semiconductors.
- a mixed crystal containing a material may be used (for example, CdSe + CdS, CIS + ZnS, etc.).
- the shell may also be a mixed crystal containing two or more semiconductor materials.
- a molecule having an affinity for the light emitting nanocrystal may be in contact with the light emitting nanocrystal.
- the above-mentioned molecules having affinity are low molecules and polymers having a functional group having affinity for the nanocrystals for light emission, and the functional group having affinity is not particularly limited. And a group containing one element selected from the group consisting of oxygen, sulfur and phosphorus. Examples include organic sulfur groups, organic phosphate groups pyrrolidone groups, pyridine groups, amino groups, amide groups, isocyanate groups, carbonyl groups, and hydroxyl groups.
- the semiconductor material according to the present invention is one selected from the group consisting of II-VI group semiconductors, III-V group semiconductors, I-III-VI group semiconductors, IV group semiconductors, and I-II-IV-VI group semiconductors. Or it is preferable that they are 2 or more types.
- Preferable examples of the first semiconductor material, the first semiconductor material, and the third semiconductor material according to the present invention are the same as the semiconductor materials described above.
- the semiconductor material according to the present invention includes CdS, CdSe, CdTe, ZnS, ZnSe, ZnTe, ZnO, HgS, HgSe, HgTe, CdSeS, CdSeTe, CdSTe, ZnSeS, ZnSeTe, ZnSTTe, HgSeS, HgSeS, HgSe CdZnS, CdZnSe, CdZnTe, CdHgS, CdHgSe, CdHgTe, HgZnS, HgZnSe, CdHgZnTe, CdZnSeS, CdZnSeTe, CdZnSTe, CdHgSeS, CdHgSeTe AlSb, InN, InP, InAs, InSb, GaNP, GANAS, GaNSb, GaP s, GaPSb, AlNP, AlNA
- red light emitting nanocrystals examples include CdSe nanocrystal particles and nanocrystal particles having a core / shell structure, where the shell portion is CdS and the inner core portion is CdSe.
- Nanocrystal particles having a core / shell structure, wherein the shell portion is CdS and the inner core portion is ZnSe, mixed crystal nanocrystal particles of CdSe and ZnS, InP nanocrystals A crystal particle, a nanocrystal particle having a core / shell structure, wherein the shell portion is ZnS and an inner core portion is InP, a nanocrystal particle having a core / shell structure, A nanocrystalline particle having a core / shell structure, wherein the shell portion is ZnSe and the inner core portion is InP, and the shell portion is made of ZnS and ZnSeS
- a nanocrystal particle having a mixed crystal and having an inner core portion of InP and a nanocrystal particle having a core / shell structure
- green light-emitting nanocrystals include CdSe nanocrystal particles, mixed crystal nanocrystal particles of CdSe and ZnS, and nanocrystal particles having a core / shell structure, where the shell portion is ZnS.
- the first shell part is ZnSe
- the second shell part is ZnS
- the inner core part is InP.
- Nanocrystal particles having a core / shell / shell structure are formed.
- Nanocrystalline particles, in which the first shell portion is ZnS, the second shell portion is ZnSeS, and the inner core portion is InP, etc.
- blue light-emitting nanocrystals include ZnSe nanocrystal particles, ZnS nanocrystal particles, and nanocrystal particles having a core / shell structure, where the shell portion is ZnSe and the inner core portion. , ZnS nanocrystal particles, CdS nanocrystal particles, nanocrystal particles having a core / shell structure, wherein the shell portion is ZnS and the inner core portion is InP, the core / shell A nanocrystalline particle having a structure, wherein the shell portion is a mixed crystal of ZnS and ZnSeS and the inner core portion is InP, and the nanocrystalline particle having a core / shell / shell structure.
- the first shell portion is made of ZnSe
- the second shell portion is made of ZnS
- the inner core portion is made of InP.
- the nanocrystalline particles have a core / shell / shell structure. A crystal grain, the first shell portion is a mixed crystal of ZnS and ZnSe, a second shell portion is ZnS, include nanocrystalline like core portion of the inner is InP.
- the semiconductor nanocrystal particles it is preferable to use particles having the least adverse effect on the human body or the like.
- semiconductor nanocrystal particles that do not contain the above elements are selected and used alone, It is preferable to use in combination with other light-emitting nanocrystals so as to reduce as much as possible.
- the light emitting nanocrystal according to the present invention is at least selected from the group consisting of a red light emitting nanocrystal that emits red light, a green light emitting nanocrystal that emits green light, and a blue light emitting nanocrystal that emits blue light. It preferably contains one kind of nanocrystal.
- the emission color of a light-emitting nanocrystal depends on the particle size according to the Schrodinger wave equation of the well-type potential model, but also depends on the energy gap of the light-emitting nanocrystal. The emission color is selected by adjusting the crystal and its particle size.
- the upper limit of the wavelength peak of the fluorescence spectrum of the red light emitting nanocrystal emitting red light is 665 nm, 663 nm, 660 nm, 658 nm, 655 nm, 653 nm, 651 nm, 650 nm, 647 nm, 645 nm, 643 nm, 640 nm, 637 nm, 635 nm. 632 nm or 630 nm
- the lower limit of the wavelength peak is preferably 628 nm, 625 nm, 623 nm, 620 nm, 615 nm, 610 nm, 607 nm or 605 nm.
- the upper limit of the wavelength peak of the fluorescence spectrum of the green light emitting nanocrystal emitting green light is 560 nm, 557 nm, 555 nm, 550 nm, 547 nm, 545 nm, 543 nm, 540 nm, 537 nm, 535 nm, 532 nm or 530 nm.
- the lower limit of the wavelength peak is preferably 528 nm, 525 nm, 523 nm, 520 nm, 515 nm, 510 nm, 507 nm, 505 nm, 503 nm or 500 nm.
- the upper limit of the wavelength peak of the fluorescence spectrum of the blue light emitting nanocrystal emitting blue light is 480 nm, 477 nm, 475 nm, 470 nm, 467 nm, 465 nm, 463 nm, 460 nm, 457 nm, 455 nm, 452 nm or 450 nm.
- the lower limit of the wavelength peak is 450 nm, 445 nm, 440 nm, 435 nm, 430 nm, 428 nm, 425 nm, 422 nm or 420 nm.
- the semiconductor material used for the red light emitting nanocrystal emitting red light has a peak wavelength of light emission in the range of 635 nm ⁇ 30 nm.
- the semiconductor material used for the green light emitting nanocrystal that emits green light preferably has a light emission peak wavelength in the range of 530 nm ⁇ 30 nm, and is used for the blue light emitting nanocrystal that emits blue light.
- the semiconductor material to be used preferably has a light emission peak wavelength in the range of 450 nm ⁇ 30 nm.
- the lower limit of the fluorescence quantum yield of the luminescent nanocrystal according to the present invention is preferably in the order of 40% or more, 30% or more, 20% or more, 10% or more.
- the upper limit of the half-value width of the fluorescence spectrum of the luminescent nanocrystal according to the present invention is preferably in the order of 60 nm or less, 55 nm or less, 50 nm or less, and 45 nm or less.
- the upper limit of the particle diameter (primary particle) of the red light emitting nanocrystal according to the present invention is preferably in the order of 50 nm or less, 40 nm or less, 30 nm or less, and 20 nm or less.
- the upper limit value of the peak wavelength of the nanocrystal for red light emission according to the present invention is 665 nm, and the lower limit value is 605 nm, and the compound and its particle size are selected so as to match this peak wavelength.
- the upper limit value of the peak wavelength of the green light emitting nanocrystal is 560 nm
- the lower limit value is 500 nm
- the upper limit value of the peak wavelength of the blue light emitting nanocrystal is 420 nm
- the lower limit value is 480 nm. Select the compound and its particle size.
- the liquid crystal display element comprises at least one pixel.
- the color constituting the pixel is obtained by three adjacent pixels, and each pixel is red (for example, CdSe light-emitting nanocrystal, CdSe rod-shaped light-emitting nanocrystal, and rod-shaped light-emitting device having a core-shell structure)
- red for example, CdSe light-emitting nanocrystal, CdSe rod-shaped light-emitting nanocrystal, and rod-shaped light-emitting device having a core-shell structure
- the shell portion is CdS
- the inner core portion is ZnSe
- the core shell the core shell.
- Inner core nanocrystal particles such as InP) and blue (ZnTe luminescent nanocrystals, ZnSe luminescent nanocrystals, ZnSe luminescent nanocrystals, ZnS luminescent nanocrystals, ZnS luminescent rods)
- Other colors for example, yellow
- nanocrystals for light emission can be used as the nanocrystals for light emission according to the present invention.
- examples of commercially available nanocrystals for light emission include NN-Labs' indium phosphide / zinc sulfide, D-dot, CuInS / ZnS, and Aldrich's InP / ZnS.
- the content of nanocrystals for light emission in the dispersion or ink composition according to the present invention is excellent in the effect of reducing leakage light, and from the viewpoint of further improving the light emission characteristics of the dispersion or ink composition, the dispersion or ink composition. 5 mass% or more, 10 mass% or more, 15 mass% or more, 20 mass% or more, 30 mass% % Or more, or 40 mass% or more.
- the content of the light-emitting nanocrystals may be 70% by mass or less and may be 60% by mass or less based on the mass of the non-volatile content of the dispersion or ink composition from the viewpoint of excellent ejection stability. 55 mass% or less, or 50 mass% or less.
- the total amount of the luminescent nanocrystal and the organic ligand that modifies the luminescent nanocrystal may be in the above range.
- the mass of the non-volatile content of the dispersion or ink composition means the mass obtained by subtracting the mass of the solvent from the total mass of the ink composition when the dispersion or the ink composition contains a solvent.
- the dispersion or ink composition does not contain a solvent, it refers to the total mass of the dispersion or ink composition.
- the average particle diameter (primary particles) of the luminescent nanocrystal according to the present invention can be measured by TEM observation.
- examples of the method for measuring the average particle size of nanocrystals include a light scattering method, a sedimentation type particle size measurement method using a solvent, and a method of actually observing particles with an electron microscope and measuring the average particle size.
- any number of crystals are directly observed with a transmission electron microscope (TEM) or a scanning electron microscope (SEM), and the length of the nanocrystals for light emission is reduced by projection two-dimensional images.
- TEM transmission electron microscope
- SEM scanning electron microscope
- a method is preferred in which the particle diameters are calculated from the diameter ratio and the average is obtained. Therefore, in the present invention, the average particle diameter is calculated by applying the above method.
- the average particle diameter (volume average diameter) of the luminescent nanocrystal according to the present invention is 1 nm from the viewpoint that light emission at a desired wavelength is easily obtained, and from the viewpoint of excellent dispersibility and storage stability. It may be above, may be 1.5 nm or more, and may be 2 nm or more. From the viewpoint of easily obtaining a desired emission wavelength, it may be 40 nm or less, 30 nm or less, or 20 nm or less.
- the average particle diameter (volume average diameter) of the nanocrystals for light emission is obtained by measuring with a transmission electron microscope or a scanning electron microscope and calculating the volume average diameter.
- the primary particle of the light emitting nanocrystal is a single crystal having a size of several to several tens of nanometers or a crystallite close thereto, and the size and shape of the primary particle of the light emitting nanocrystal is the primary particle. It is considered that it depends on the chemical composition, structure, manufacturing method and manufacturing conditions.
- the nanocrystals for light emission described in detail above are in the form of particles and dispersed in a colloidal form in an organic solution, and can be used for ink production.
- an organic ligand examples include TOP (trioctylphosphine), TOPO (trioctylphosphine oxide), oleic acid, oleylamine, octylamine, trioctylamine, hexadecylamine, octanethiol, dodecane.
- organic ligands examples include TOP (trioctylphosphine), TOPO (trioctylphosphine oxide), oleic acid, oleylamine, octylamine, trioctylamine, hexadecylamine, octanethiol, dodecane.
- Examples include thiol, hexylphosphonic acid (HPA), tetradecylphosphonic acid (TD
- organic ligands include aliphatic hydrocarbons having an ethylene oxide chain and / or a propylene oxide chain as an affinity group from the viewpoint of further improving the dispersibility and emission intensity of the luminescent nanocrystals. Is preferred.
- the preferred organic ligand may be, for example, an organic ligand represented by the following general formula (1).
- p represents an integer of 0 to 50
- q represents an integer of 0 to 50.
- at least one of p and q is preferably 1 or more, and both p and q are more preferably 1 or more.
- organic solvent used in the organic solvent solution examples include cyclohexane, hexane, heptane, chloroform, toluene, octane, chlorobenzene, tetralin, diphenyl ether, propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate, butyl carbitol acetate, or a mixture thereof. .
- the same solvent as that used in the dispersion or ink composition described later can be used.
- these organic ligands may be removed and replaced with a polymer dispersion described later. However, the organic ligands remain coordinated from the viewpoint of dispersion stability when an ink composition for ink jetting is used. It is preferable to add a polymer dispersant described later to the luminescent nanocrystal particles.
- the content of the dispersion of nanocrystals for light emission and the ink composition described in detail above are not particularly limited, but in the range of 20 to 70% by mass from the viewpoint of light conversion efficiency and color reproducibility. Is preferred.
- the surface area is large and the particles are likely to aggregate, it is usually difficult to add a large amount.
- it is excellent even when 20 to 70% by mass is added to the dispersion. Dispersibility is maintained, quenching phenomenon due to particle aggregation hardly occurs, and good luminance and color reproducibility can be expressed.
- the content of the luminescent nanocrystals described in detail above in the active energy ray-curable dispersion is not particularly limited, but is in the range of 20 to 70% by mass from the viewpoint of light conversion efficiency and color reproducibility. It is preferable.
- the surface area is large and the particles are likely to aggregate, it is usually difficult to add a large amount.
- it is excellent even when 20 to 70% by mass is added to the dispersion. Dispersibility is maintained, quenching phenomenon due to particle aggregation hardly occurs, and good luminance and color reproducibility can be expressed.
- the polymer dispersant according to the present invention is a polymer compound having an amine value of 5 mg KOH / g or more and having at least one basic functional group, and includes a light-diffusing nanocrystal or a light diffusing agent as an optional component. Has the function of dispersing.
- the polymer dispersant is adsorbed on the light diffusing particles through a functional group having affinity for the light-emitting nanocrystals and the light diffusing particles, in particular, the light diffusing particles.
- the light diffusion particles are dispersed in the ink composition by repulsion and / or steric repulsion.
- the polymer dispersant is preferably bonded to the surface of the light diffusing particle and adsorbed to the light diffusing particle, but may be bonded to the surface of the luminescent nanocrystal and adsorbed to the luminescent nanoparticle, It may be free in the ink composition.
- the polymer dispersant used in the present invention is characterized by having a basic polar group and an amine value of 5 mgKOH / g or more.
- the lower limit of the amine value of the polymer dispersant is preferably It is 6 mgKOH / g or more, More preferably, it is 7 mgKOH / g or more, More preferably, it is 8 mgKOH / g or more, More preferably, it is 8 mgKOH / g or more.
- the upper limit of the amine value of the polymer dispersant is preferably 90 mgKOH / g or less, more preferably 70 mgKOH / g or less, still more preferably 60 mgKOH / g or less, and particularly preferably 50 mgKOH / g or less. .
- the amine value is 90 mgKOH / g or less, the storage stability of the pixel portion (cured product of the ink composition) is unlikely to decrease.
- the amine value is in the range of 8 to 50 mgKOH / g.
- the basic polar group functions as an adsorbing group on the surface of the light-emitting nanocrystal, and when the amine value is less than 8 mgKOH / g, the dispersion performance of the light-emitting nanocrystal is lowered and the light emission efficiency is increased.
- the amine value is preferably in the range of 25 to 45 mg KOH / g from the viewpoint of better dispersibility.
- the amine value of the polymer dispersant can be measured as follows. A sample solution prepared by dissolving a polymer dispersant xg and 1 mL of bromophenol blue sample solution in 50 mL of a mixed solution in which toluene and ethanol were mixed at a volume ratio of 1: 1 was prepared, and the sample solution was prepared with 0.5 mol / L hydrochloric acid. Titration is performed until a green color is exhibited, and the amine value can be calculated by the following formula.
- Amine number y / x ⁇ 28.05
- y represents the titration amount (mL) of 0.5 mol / L hydrochloric acid required for titration
- x represents the mass (g) of the polymer dispersant.
- the polymer dispersant may have other functional groups in addition to the basic functional group.
- other functional groups include one or more functional groups selected from the group consisting of acidic functional groups and nonionic functional groups. These functional groups preferably have an affinity for the light diffusing particles.
- the acidic functional group has a dissociative proton and may be neutralized with a base such as an amine or hydroxide ion.
- bases such as an amine or hydroxide ion.
- Examples of basic functional groups include primary, secondary and tertiary amino groups, ammonium groups, imino groups, and nitrogen-containing heterocyclic groups such as pyridine, pyrimidine, pyrazine, imidazole and triazole.
- the basic functional group has a viewpoint of dispersion stability of the light diffusing particles, hardly causes a side effect that the luminescent nanocrystals are precipitated, and improves the luminescence intensity of the luminescent nanocrystals, and is easy to synthesize the polymer dispersant. From the viewpoint of the above, and from the viewpoint of the stability of the functional group, an amino group is preferable. A part of the basic functional group may be neutralized with an acid such as an organic acid or an inorganic acid.
- the polymer dispersant may have other functional groups in addition to the basic functional group.
- other functional groups include one or more functional groups selected from the group consisting of acidic functional groups and nonionic functional groups. These functional groups preferably have an affinity for the light diffusing particles.
- the acidic functional group has a dissociative proton and may be neutralized with a base such as an amine or hydroxide ion.
- Examples of the acidic functional group include a carboxyl group (—COOH), a sulfo group (—SO3H), a sulfuric acid group (—OSO3H), a phosphonic acid group (—PO (OH) 3), and a phosphoric acid group (—OPO (OH) 3). , Phosphinic acid groups (—PO (OH) —) and mercapto groups (—SH).
- Nonionic functional groups include hydroxy group, ether group, thioether group, sulfinyl group (—SO—), sulfonyl group (—SO 2 —), carbonyl group, formyl group, ester group, carbonate group, amide group, carbamoyl Group, ureido group, thioamide group, thioureido group, sulfamoyl group, cyano group, alkenyl group, alkynyl group, phosphine oxide group, phosphine sulfide group.
- the other functional group is preferably at least one acidic functional group, and more preferably, the acidic functional group includes a carboxyl group, a sulfo group, a phosphonic acid group, and At least one phosphoric acid group.
- the other functional group is more preferably at least one of a carboxyl group and a phosphonic acid group.
- the polymer dispersant having an acidic functional group has an acid value in addition to the amine value.
- the acid value of the polymer dispersant having an acidic functional group is preferably 50 mgKOH / g or less.
- the upper limit of the acid value of the polymer dispersant is more preferably 45 mgKOH / g or less, still more preferably 35 mgKOH / g or less, particularly preferably 30 mgKOH / g or less, and particularly preferably 24 mgKOH / g or less. It is.
- the acid value is 50 mgKOH / g or less, the storage stability of the pixel portion (cured product of the ink composition) is unlikely to decrease.
- the acid value of the polymer dispersant can be measured as follows. A sample solution prepared by dissolving 1 mL of the polymer dispersant pg and phenolphthalein test solution in 50 mL of a mixed solution in which toluene and ethanol were mixed at a volume ratio of 1: 1 was prepared, and a 0.1 mol / L ethanol potassium hydroxide solution was prepared. Titration was performed until the sample solution turned light red (dissolved in 7.0 mL of potassium hydroxide in 5.0 mL of distilled water and adjusted to 95 mL by adding 95 vol% ethanol). It can be calculated.
- Acid value q ⁇ r ⁇ 5.661 / p
- q represents the titration (mL) of the 0.1 mol / L ethanol potassium hydroxide solution required for titration
- r represents the titer of the 0.1 mol / L ethanol potassium hydroxide solution required for titration
- P represents the mass (g) of the polymer dispersant.
- the polymer dispersant may be a single monomer polymer (homopolymer), or may be a copolymer of multiple types of monomers.
- the polymer dispersant may be any of a random copolymer, a block copolymer, or a graft copolymer.
- the polymer dispersant is a graft copolymer, it may be a comb-shaped graft copolymer or a star-shaped graft copolymer.
- Polymer dispersants include, for example, acrylic resins, polyester resins, polyurethane resins, polyamide resins, polyethers, phenol resins, silicone resins, polyurea resins, amino resins, polyethylamines and other polyamines, epoxy resins, polyimides, etc. It may be.
- the content of the polymer dispersant may be 0.5 parts by mass or more with respect to 100 parts by mass of the light diffusing particles from the viewpoint of dispersibility of the light-emitting nanocrystals and the light diffusing particles, and 2 parts by mass or more. It may be 5 mass parts or more.
- the content of the polymer dispersion may be 50 parts by mass or less and 100 parts by mass or less with respect to 100 parts by mass of the light diffusing particles from the viewpoint of wet heat stability of the pixel part (cured product of the ink composition). It may be 10 parts by mass or less.
- the ejection stability from the inkjet nozzle may be deteriorated due to aggregation of light emitting nanocrystals and light diffusion particles.
- the ink composition containing the predetermined polymer dispersant of this embodiment it is possible to further reduce the leakage light while ensuring sufficient ejection stability.
- the polymer skeleton portion of the polymer dispersant having a polar group is a block copolymer of an acrylate polymer block and a polyethylene glycol structural site, polyethyleneimine, a higher fatty acid ester of an aliphatic polyester, polyacrylamine and a polyester or Examples thereof include block copolymers with polyamide.
- polar group-containing polymer dispersion specifically, “Ajisper PB821”, “PB822”, “PB817,” manufactured by Ajinomoto Fine Techno, “Solspers 24000GR”, “S32000”, “S32000”, “ S33000 “,” S39000 “,” Disparon DA-703-50 “,” DA-705 “,” DA-725 “manufactured by Enomoto Kasei, and” EFKA PX-4701 "manufactured by BASF.
- the amount of the polymer dispersant used is preferably in the range of 2 to 15% by mass, particularly preferably in the range of 3 to 10% by mass in the dispersion of the present invention.
- the amount used is too small, the dispersibility tends to be insufficient, and when too large, the discharge stability tends to be lowered, which is not preferable. If the polymer dispersant is not dissolved, the adsorption point to the light-emitting nanocrystals is not exposed.
- the weight average molecular weight of the polymer dispersant according to the present invention can favorably disperse the light-emitting nanocrystals and the light diffusing particles, further improve the leakage light reduction effect, and improve the light emission characteristics of the ink composition. From the viewpoint that can be achieved, it may be 750 or more, 1000 or more, 2000 or more, or 3000 or more.
- the weight average molecular weight of the polymer dispersant can favorably disperse the light-emitting nanocrystals and the light diffusing particles, can further improve the leakage light reduction effect, and can improve the light emission characteristics of the ink composition, Further, from the viewpoint of setting the viscosity of the ink jet ink to a viscosity suitable for stable discharge, it may be 100,000 or less, may be 50,000 or less, or may be 30000 or less. In the present specification, the weight average molecular weight is a polystyrene equivalent weight average molecular weight measured by GPC (Gel Permeation Chromatography, Gel Permeation Chromatography).
- the content of the polymer dispersant in the dispersion or ink composition is 0.5 parts by mass or more with respect to 100 parts by mass of the light diffusing particles from the viewpoint of dispersibility of the light-emitting nanocrystals and the light diffusing particles. It may be 2 mass parts or more, or 5 mass parts or more.
- the content of the polymer dispersion may be 50 parts by mass or less with respect to 100 parts by mass of the light diffusing particles from the viewpoint of wet heat stability of the pixel part (dispersed liquid or cured product of the ink composition), and 30 parts by mass. Or 10 parts by mass or less.
- the dispersion according to the present invention increases the chance of collision between light from the light source and the light-emitting nanocrystals in each pixel of the light conversion layer by blending light diffusing particles in addition to the light-emitting nanocrystals.
- the color conversion efficiency can be further improved, and the distribution of light converted into light in each pixel is uniform, so that a display element excellent in color reproducibility can be obtained.
- Such light diffusing particles may be optically inactive inorganic fine particles of sub-micron size or smaller, but are fine particles having a maximum particle size of 200 nm or less from the viewpoint of ejection stability when used as an ink jet.
- single metals such as tungsten, zirconium, titanium, platinum, bismuth, rhodium, palladium, silver, tin, platinum, gold; silica, barium sulfate, barium carbonate, calcium carbonate, talc, titanium oxide, Clay, kaolin, barium sulfate, barium carbonate, calcium carbonate, alumina white, titanium oxide, magnesium oxide, barium oxide, aluminum oxide, bismuth oxide, zirconium oxide, zinc oxide and other metal oxides; magnesium carbonate, barium carbonate, secondary carbonate Metal carbonate such as bismuth and calcium carbonate ; Metal hydroxides such as aluminum hydroxide; barium zirconate, calcium zirconate, calcium titanate, barium titanate, composite oxides such as
- titanium oxide, barium sulfate, or calcium carbonate is particularly preferable from the viewpoint of dispersion stabilization.
- the light diffusing particles are, for example, optically inactive inorganic fine particles.
- the light diffusing particles can scatter light from the light source irradiated to the color filter pixel portion.
- the shape of the light diffusing particles may be spherical, filamentous, indefinite, or the like, and is preferably particulate from the viewpoint of excellent light diffusion efficiency.
- the light diffusing particles it is possible to use particles having less directionality as the particle shape (for example, spherical, tetrahedral, etc. particles), and the uniformity, fluidity and light scattering properties of the dispersion or ink composition. Is preferable in that it can be further improved.
- the average particle diameter (volume average diameter) of the light diffusing particles in the dispersion or the ink composition is excellent in the effect of reducing the leakage light, and 0.05 ⁇ m from the viewpoint of further improving the light emission characteristics of the dispersion or the ink composition. It may be above, may be 0.1 ⁇ m or more, and may be 0.2 ⁇ m or more.
- the average particle diameter (volume average diameter) of the light diffusing particles in the dispersion or the ink composition may be 1.0 ⁇ m or less or 0.6 ⁇ m or less from the viewpoint of excellent ejection stability. 0.4 ⁇ m or less.
- the average particle diameter (volume average diameter) of the light diffusing particles in the dispersion or ink composition is 0.05 to 1.0 ⁇ m, 0.05 to 0.6 ⁇ m, 0.05 to 0.4 ⁇ m, 0.1 It may be -1.0 ⁇ m, 0.1-0.6 ⁇ m, 0.1-0.4 ⁇ m, 0.2-1.0 ⁇ m, 0.2-0.6 ⁇ m, or 0.2-0.4 ⁇ m. . From the viewpoint of easily obtaining such an average particle diameter (volume average diameter), the average particle diameter (volume average diameter) of the light diffusion particles to be used may be 50 nm or more and 1000 nm or less.
- the average particle diameter (volume average diameter) of the light diffusing particles in the dispersion or ink composition is obtained by measuring with a dynamic light scattering nanotrack particle size distribution meter and calculating the volume average diameter.
- the average particle diameter (volume average diameter) of the light-diffusion particle to be used is obtained by measuring the particle diameter of each particle, for example with a transmission electron microscope or a scanning electron microscope, and calculating a volume average diameter.
- the content of the light diffusing particles is excellent in the effect of reducing leakage light, and from the viewpoint of further improving the light emission characteristics of the dispersion and the ink composition, 0.1% by mass or more based on the mass of the non-volatile content of the ink composition 1 mass% or more, 5 mass% or more, 7 mass% or more, 10 mass% or more, or 12 mass% or more. There may be.
- the content of the light diffusing particles is excellent due to the effect of reducing leakage light, and from the viewpoint of further improving the light emission characteristics of the dispersion and the ink composition and from the viewpoint of excellent ejection stability, the mass of the nonvolatile content of the dispersion and the ink composition , 60% by mass or less, 50% by mass or less, 40% by mass or less, 30% by mass or less, or 25% by mass or less, 20 mass% or less may be sufficient and 15 mass% or less may be sufficient.
- the dispersion or the ink composition contains a polymer dispersant, the light diffusing particles can be favorably dispersed even when the content of the light diffusing particles is in the above range.
- the mass ratio of the content of the light diffusing particles to the content of the light emitting nanocrystals is superior in the effect of reducing leakage light, and further improves the light emission characteristics of the dispersion and the ink composition. From the viewpoint, it may be 0.1 or more, 0.2 or more, or 0.5 or more.
- the mass ratio (light diffusing particles / light emitting nanocrystals) is excellent from the viewpoint of reducing the leakage light, further improving the light emission characteristics of the dispersion and the ink composition, and from the viewpoint of excellent continuous discharge properties during ink jet printing. 0.0 or less, 2.0 or less, or 1.5 or less.
- leakage light reduction by the light diffusing particles is due to the following mechanism. That is, in the absence of light diffusing particles, it is considered that the backlight light passes almost straight through the pixel portion and is less likely to be absorbed by the light emitting nanocrystals. On the other hand, if the light diffusing particles are present in the same pixel portion as the light emitting nanocrystal, the backlight light is scattered in all directions in the pixel portion, and the light emitting nanocrystal can receive the light, so that the same Even if a backlight is used, it is considered that the amount of light absorption in the pixel portion increases and the emission intensity of the light-emitting nanocrystals is further improved. As a result, it is considered that such a mechanism can prevent light leakage and further improve the light emission characteristics of the dispersion and the ink composition.
- the above-described light diffusing particles can be favorably dispersed in the dispersion by the above-described polymer dispersant.
- the amount of the light diffusing particles used is preferably in the range of 10 to 50% by mass, particularly preferably in the range of 15 to 30% by mass in the dispersion of the present invention.
- a pigment having the same color as the luminescent color may be further added to the above-described nanocrystal for light emission. That is, when a light emitting nanocrystal dispersion layer is employed as the light conversion layer of the liquid crystal display element, the light from the light source is blue light or quasi-white light having a peak at 450 nm. However, when the liquid crystal display element is driven and the concentration of the light-emitting nanocrystals is not sufficient, light from the light source passes through the light conversion layer, and transmitted light from the light source (blue light). And light emitted from the light-emitting nanocrystals are mixed. From the viewpoint of preventing this, a pigment may be added to the light conversion layer.
- the dispersion or ink composition according to the present invention essentially includes a stimulus-responsive curable material that cures in response to an external stimulus. Thereby, it functions as a binder in the cured product.
- the external stimulus include active energy rays (light such as UV (ultraviolet rays) or EB (electron beam)) and heat.
- the stimulus-responsive curable material according to the present invention refers to a material that polymerizes and cures in response to light, electron beam, or heat.
- the curable material examples include an active energy ray-curable monomer (including a photopolymerizable compound), a photocurable resin, a thermosetting resin, and an electron beam curable resin.
- the stimuli-responsive curable material according to the present invention is preferably an active energy ray-curable monomer, a photocurable resin, or a thermosetting resin, and more preferably an active energy ray-curable monomer or a thermosetting resin.
- the stimulus-responsive curable material may be insoluble in alkali from the viewpoint of easily obtaining a color filter pixel portion having excellent reliability.
- photocurable resin examples include epoxy resins, acrylic resins, urethane acrylic resins, polyene-thiol resins, and the like.
- Examples of the electron beam curable resin include acrylic resin, methacrylic resin, urethane resin, polyester resin, polyether resin, and silicone resin.
- various monofunctional (meth) acrylates and polyfunctional (meth) acrylates can be used as the active energy ray-curable monomer used in the present invention. Each of these may be used alone or in combination of a plurality of types. In the present invention, it is particularly preferable to use a combination of monofunctional (meth) acrylate and polyfunctional (meth) acrylate. Is preferable from the viewpoint of balancing the property and the discharge property from the nozzle with the problem of smoothness caused by curing shrinkage during the production of the color filter.
- Examples of the monofunctional (meth) acrylate that can be used here include methyl (meth) acrylate, ethyl (meth) acrylate, propyl (meth) acrylate, butyl (meth) acrylate, amyl (meth) acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl ( (Meth) acrylate, octyl (meth) acrylate, nonyl (meth) acrylate, dodecyl (meth) acrylate, hexadecyl (meth) acrylate, octadecyl (meth) acrylate, cyclohexyl (meth) acrylate, methoxyethyl (meth) acrylate, butoxyethyl ( (Meth) acrylate, phenoxyethyl (meth) acrylate, nonylphenoxyethyl (meth) acrylate, glycidyl (meth) acrylate,
- polyfunctional (meth) acrylate examples include 1,3-butylene glycol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,5-pentanediol, 3-methyl-1,5-pentanediol, 1,6-hexanediol, neopentyl glycol, 1,8-octanediol, 1,9-nonanediol, Tricyclodecane dimethanol, ethylene glycol, Di (meth) acrylate such as polyethylene glycol, propylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, tripropylene glycol and polypropylene glycol, di (meth) acrylate of tris (2-hydroxyethyl) isocyanurate, 4 mol or more per 1 mol of neopentyl glycol Di (meth) acrylate of diol obtained by adding ethylene oxide or propylene oxide, di (meth) acrylate of diol obtained by adding 2 mol of ethylene oxide or propylene
- phenoxyethyl acrylate and dipropylene glycol diacrylate are particularly preferable from the viewpoint of reducing the viscosity of the ink and the strength of the cured film.
- Typical cationic polymerization type photopolymerizable compounds used in the present invention include epoxy compounds and vinyl ether compounds.
- epoxy compounds include aliphatic epoxy compounds such as bisphenol A type epoxy compounds, bisphenol F type epoxy compounds, phenol novolac type epoxy compounds, trimethylolpropane polyglycidyl ether, neopentyl glycol diglycidyl ether, and Daicel Chemical Industries.
- aliphatic epoxy compounds such as bisphenol A type epoxy compounds, bisphenol F type epoxy compounds, phenol novolac type epoxy compounds, trimethylolpropane polyglycidyl ether, neopentyl glycol diglycidyl ether, and Daicel Chemical Industries.
- examples thereof include alicyclic epoxy compounds such as Celoxide 2000, 3000, and 4000 manufactured by Co., Ltd.
- vinyl ether compound examples include 2-hydroxyethyl vinyl ether, triethylene glycol vinyl monoether, tetraethylene glycol divinyl ether, trimethylolpropane trivinyl ether, and the like.
- the above-mentioned active energy ray-curable monomer is preferably capable of dissolving the polymer dispersant, specifically, photopolymerization that dissolves 30% by mass or more of the polymer dispersant. It is preferable from the point which is excellent in the dispersibility of the nanocrystal for light emission.
- a polymer dispersant-soluble monomer in particular, as monofunctional (meth) acrylate, 2-hydroxy-3-phenoxypropyl (meth) acrylate, tetrahydrofurfuryl (meth) acrylate, 2-hydroxy Ethyl (meth) acrylate, benzyl (meth) acrylate, and phenoxyethyl (meth) acrylate are preferred, while neopentyl glycol di (meth) acrylate dipropylene glycol di (meth) acrylate is preferably used as the polyfunctional (meth) acrylate. be able to.
- phenoxyethyl acrylate is particularly preferable.
- PO-A manufactured by Kyoeisha Chemical
- Dipropylene glycol diacrylate is also preferable.
- M-222 manufactured by Miwon is also commercially available and can be easily obtained.
- the content of these (meth) acrylates capable of dissolving the polymer dispersant is equal to or more than the content of the polymer dispersant in the ink.
- a low-viscosity alicyclic epoxy compound As the cationic polymerization compound that dissolves the polymer dispersant, it is preferable to use a low-viscosity alicyclic epoxy compound, and specifically, “Celoxide 3000” can be mentioned.
- the active energy ray-curable dispersion of the present invention preferably uses (meth) acrylate, which is a radically polymerizable compound, as a photopolymerizable compound in order to obtain an ink having a low viscosity and a high curing and drying rate.
- an active energy ray curable composition comprising a radical polymerization type photopolymerizable compound.
- a binder resin therein, and examples of such a binder resin include polyurethane (meth) acrylate, epoxy (meth) acrylate, polyether poly (meth) acrylate, and polyester (meth) acrylate. From the viewpoint of coating film toughness, compatibility with the polymer dispersant, and curability, polyurethane (meth) acrylate is preferred.
- the reason why the active energy ray-curable dispersion containing polyurethane (meth) acrylate exhibits excellent curability is that the terminal double bond of polyurethane (meth) acrylate is larger than the terminal double bond of general (meth) acrylate. It is considered that the bond is easily cleaved because a urethane bond exists in the vicinity.
- Polyurethane (meth) acrylate used for inkjet is low viscosity or easily reduced in viscosity by being diluted with (meth) acrylate even if the viscosity of polyurethane (meth) acrylate itself is high due to crystallinity etc. It is preferable to do. Specifically, those having a melt viscosity of 1 to 10 Pa ⁇ s at 60 ° C. are preferable.
- a polyisocyanate and a monohydroxy (meth) acrylate are used without using a polyol such as a long-chain polyether or polyester. It is desirable to use a polyurethane (meth) acrylate obtained by reacting.
- Polyurethane (meth) acrylate is preferably used in the range of 3 to 10% by mass with respect to the total amount of the dispersion from the viewpoints of the viscosity, curability, solvent resistance and abrasion resistance of the ink jet composition.
- radical photopolymerization initiator used in the present invention any known conventional one that can cure the active energy ray-curable monomer to be used can be used.
- photopolymerization initiator a molecular cleavage type or a hydrogen abstraction type is suitable for the present invention.
- Examples of the molecular cleavage type photo radical polymerization initiator used in the present invention include benzoin isobutyl ether, 2,4-diethylthioxanthone, 2-isopropylthioxanthone, benzyl, 2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyldiphenylphosphine oxide 6-trimethyl.
- Benzoyldiphenylphosphine oxide 2-benzyl-2-dimethylamino-1- (4-morpholinophenyl) -butan-1-one, bis (2,6-dimethoxybenzoyl) -2,4,4-trimethylpentylphos Finoxides and the like are preferably used, and other molecular cleavage types include 1-hydroxycyclohexyl phenyl ketone, benzoin ethyl ether, benzyl dimethyl ketal, 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-phenylpropane-1 ON, 1- (4-isopropylphenyl) -2-hydroxy-2-methylpropan-1-one, 2-methyl-1- (4-methylthiophenyl) -2-morpholinopropan-1-one, etc.
- hydrogen abstraction type photopolymerization initiators such as benzophenone, 4-phenylbenzophenone, isophthalphenone, 4-benzoyl-4′-methyl-diphenyl sulfide may be used. Further, a molecular cleavage type and a hydrogen abstraction type photopolymerization initiator can be used in combination.
- sensitizers such as trimethylamine, methyldimethanolamine, triethanolamine, p-diethylaminoacetophenone, ethyl p-dimethylaminobenzoate, isoamyl p-dimethylaminobenzoate, N , N-dimethylbenzylamine and 4,4′-bis (diethylamino) benzophenone can also be used in combination with amines that do not cause an addition reaction with the polymerizable component.
- the radical photopolymerization initiator and the sensitizer are used in the range of 0.1 to 20% by mass, preferably 4 to 12% by mass, based on the total amount of the active energy ray-curable dispersion.
- any known and conventional one that can cure the active energy ray-curable monomer to be used can be used.
- polyarylsulfonium salts such as triphenylsulfonium hexafluoroantimonate, triphenylsulfonium hexafluorophosphate, polyaryls such as diphenyliodonium hexafluoroantimonate, P-nonylphenyliodonium hexafluoroantimonate An iodonium salt etc. can be mentioned.
- These photocationic polymerization initiators can be used in combination of two or more.
- the photocationic polymerization initiator is used in the range of 0.1 to 20% by mass, preferably 1 to 10% by mass with respect to the active energy ray-curable dispersion.
- the cured product obtained by curing the active energy monomer may be alkali-insoluble from the viewpoint of easily obtaining a color filter pixel portion having excellent reliability.
- the dispersion or ink composition of the present invention can be blended with a resin, an additive or the like for the purpose of adjusting the surface tension and imparting adhesiveness to the printing material.
- the thermosetting resin according to the present invention is a resin that functions as a binder in a cured product and is crosslinked and cured by heat.
- the thermosetting resin has a curable group.
- the curable group include an epoxy group, an oxetane group, an isocyanate group, an amino group, a carboxyl group, a methylol group, and the like, and a viewpoint excellent in heat resistance and storage stability of a cured product of the dispersion or the ink composition, and From the viewpoint of excellent adhesion to a light shielding part (for example, a black matrix) and a substrate, an epoxy group is preferable.
- the thermosetting resin may have one type of curable group or may have two or more types of curable groups.
- the thermosetting resin may be a monomeric thermosetting resin (for example, a monomeric epoxy resin), or may be a polymeric thermosetting resin (for example, a polymeric epoxy resin).
- the polymeric thermosetting resin may be a polymer (homopolymer) of a single monomer or a copolymer (copolymer) of a plurality of types of monomers. Further, the thermosetting resin may be any of a random copolymer, a block copolymer, or a graft copolymer.
- thermosetting resin a compound having two or more thermosetting functional groups in one molecule is used, and it is usually used in combination with a curing agent.
- the catalyst curing accelerator
- the ink composition may contain a thermosetting component including a thermosetting resin (and a curing agent and a curing accelerator used as necessary).
- a polymer having no polymerization reactivity per se may be further used.
- an epoxy resin having two or more epoxy groups in one molecule may be used as a compound having two or more thermosetting functional groups in one molecule.
- “Epoxy resin” includes both monomeric epoxy resins and polymeric epoxy resins.
- the number of epoxy groups in one molecule of the polyfunctional epoxy resin is preferably 2 to 50, and more preferably 2 to 20.
- the epoxy group may be a structure having an oxirane ring structure, and may be a glycidyl group, an oxyethylene group, an epoxycyclohexyl group, or the like.
- an epoxy resin the well-known polyvalent epoxy resin which can be hardened
- Such epoxy resins are widely disclosed in, for example, published by Masaki Shinbo, “Epoxy Resin Handbook” published by Nikkan Kogyo Shimbun (1987), and these can be used.
- thermosetting resin having an epoxy group examples include a polymer of a monomer having an oxirane ring structure, and a copolymer of a monomer having an oxirane ring structure and another monomer.
- Specific polyfunctional epoxy resins include polyglycidyl methacrylate, methyl methacrylate-glycidyl methacrylate copolymer, benzyl methacrylate-glycidyl methacrylate copolymer, n-butyl methacrylate-glycidyl methacrylate copolymer, 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate-glycidyl.
- thermosetting resin of the present embodiment examples thereof include a methacrylate copolymer, (3-ethyl-3-oxetanyl) methyl methacrylate-glycidyl methacrylate copolymer, and styrene-glycidyl methacrylate.
- thermosetting resin of the present embodiment compounds described in paragraphs 0044 to 0066 of JP-A-2014-56248 can also be used.
- polyfunctional epoxy resin examples include bisphenol A type epoxy resin, bisphenol F type epoxy resin, brominated bisphenol A type epoxy resin, bisphenol S type epoxy resin, diphenyl ether type epoxy resin, hydroquinone type epoxy resin, and naphthalene type epoxy.
- biphenyl type epoxy resin biphenyl type epoxy resin, fluorene type epoxy resin, phenol novolac type epoxy resin, orthocresol novolac type epoxy resin, trishydroxyphenylmethane type epoxy resin, trifunctional type epoxy resin, tetraphenylolethane type epoxy resin, dicyclopentadiene Phenol type epoxy resin, hydrogenated bisphenol A type epoxy resin, bisphenol A nucleated polyol type epoxy resin, polypropylene glycol type epoxy resin Resins, glycidyl ester type epoxy resin, glycidyl amine type epoxy resin, glyoxal type epoxy resins, alicyclic epoxy resins, and the like heterocyclic epoxy resin.
- a bisphenol A type epoxy resin such as “Epicoat 828” (made by Japan Epoxy Resin), a bisphenol F type epoxy resin such as “YDF-175S” (made by Toto Kasei), a product name Brominated bisphenol A type epoxy resin such as “YDB-715” (manufactured by Toto Kasei Co., Ltd.), bisphenol S type epoxy resin such as “EPICLON EXA1514” (manufactured by DIC Corporation), product name “YDC-1312” (Toto) Hydroquinone type epoxy resins such as Kasei), Naphthalene type epoxy resins such as “EPICLON EXA4032”, “HP-4770”, “HP-4700”, “HP-5000” (manufactured by DIC Corporation), etc.
- “Epicoat YX4000H” (made by Japan Epoxy Resin Co., Ltd.) Biphenyl type epoxy resin such as bisphenol A type novolak epoxy resin such as “Epicoat 157S70” (made by Japan Epoxy Resin), trade name “Epicoat 154” (made by Japan Epoxy Resin), and product name “YDPN-638” ”(Manufactured by Toto Kasei Co., Ltd.), phenol novolac type epoxy resins such as“ YDCN-701 ”(manufactured by Toto Kasei Co., Ltd.), and brand names“ EPICLON HP-7200 ”,“ HP-7200H ” Dicyclopentadiene phenolic epoxy resin (made by DIC Corporation), trishydroxyphenylmethane type epoxy resin such as trade name “Epicoat 1032H60” (made by Japan Epoxy Resin), trade name “VG3101M80” (made by Mitsui Chemicals) Which trifunctional epoxy resin, te
- the epoxy group is replenished in the ink composition (inkjet ink) to increase the concentration of epoxy reactive sites and increase the crosslinking density. it can.
- polyfunctional epoxy resins from the viewpoint of increasing the crosslinking density, it is preferable to use an epoxy resin having four or more epoxy groups in one molecule (a polyfunctional epoxy resin having four or more functions).
- a polyfunctional epoxy resin having four or more functions when a thermosetting resin having a weight average molecular weight of 10,000 or less is used in order to improve the ejection stability from the ejection head in the ink jet system, the strength and hardness of the pixel portion (cured product of the ink composition) is reduced.
- thermosetting resin examples include 4-methylhexahydrophthalic anhydride, triethylenetetramine, diaminodiphenylmethane, phenol novolac resin, and tris (dimethylaminomethyl) phenol.
- 4-methylhexahydrophthalic anhydride triethylenetetramine
- diaminodiphenylmethane diaminodiphenylmethane
- phenol novolac resin tris (dimethylaminomethyl) phenol.
- N N-dimethylbenzylamine, 2-ethyl-4-methylimidazole, triphenylphosphine, 3-phenyl-1,1-dimethylurea and the like.
- the thermosetting resin may be insoluble in alkali from the viewpoint of easily obtaining a color filter pixel portion having excellent reliability.
- the thermosetting resin is alkali-insoluble means that the amount of the thermosetting resin dissolved in a 1% by mass potassium hydroxide aqueous solution at 25 ° C. is 30% by mass or less based on the total mass of the thermosetting resin. Means that.
- the dissolution amount of the thermosetting resin is preferably 10% by mass or less, and more preferably 3% by mass or less.
- the weight-average molecular weight of the thermosetting resin is such that an appropriate viscosity is easily obtained as an ink-jet ink, the ink composition has good curability, and the solvent resistance of the pixel portion (cured product of the ink composition). From the viewpoint of improving the wear resistance, it may be 750 or more, 1000 or more, or 2000 or more. From the viewpoint of obtaining an appropriate viscosity as an inkjet ink, it may be 500000 or less, 300000 or less, or 200000 or less. However, the molecular weight after crosslinking is not limited to this.
- the content of the thermosetting resin is such that an appropriate viscosity as an ink-jet ink is easily obtained, a viewpoint that the curability of the ink composition is good, and a resistance of the pixel portion (a dispersion or a cured product of the ink composition). From the viewpoint of improving the solvent property and the abrasion property, it may be 10% by mass or more, 15% by mass or more, or 20% by mass or more based on the mass of the nonvolatile content of the ink composition. Good. From the viewpoint that the viscosity of the inkjet ink is not too high and the thickness of the pixel portion is not too thick for the light conversion function, the content of the thermosetting resin is based on the mass of the non-volatile content of the ink composition. It may be 90% by mass or less, 80% by mass or less, 70% by mass or less, 60% by mass or less, or 50% by mass or less.
- the dispersion or ink composition contains a thermosetting resin, whereby the storage stability of the dispersion or ink composition containing luminescent nanocrystals (for example, quantum dots), and The durability (wet heat stability, etc.) of the pixel portion (dispersion or cured product of the ink composition) is excellent.
- a thermosetting resin whereby the storage stability of the dispersion or ink composition containing luminescent nanocrystals (for example, quantum dots), and The durability (wet heat stability, etc.) of the pixel portion (dispersion or cured product of the ink composition) is excellent.
- the content of the thermosetting resin in the dispersion or the ink composition includes a viewpoint that an appropriate viscosity is easily obtained as an inkjet ink, a viewpoint that the curability of the ink composition is good, and a pixel portion (curing of the ink composition). From the viewpoint of improving the light emission intensity, solvent resistance, and abrasion resistance of the ink composition), it may be 3% by mass or more, or 5% by mass or more, based on the mass of the nonvolatile content of the ink composition. It may be not less than mass%, may be not less than 15 mass%, and may be not less than 20 mass%.
- the content of the thermosetting resin is based on the non-volatile content of the ink composition from the viewpoint that the viscosity of the inkjet ink does not become too high and the thickness of the pixel portion does not become too thick for the light conversion function. 80 mass% or less, 60 mass% or less may be sufficient, and 50 mass% or less may be sufficient.
- the dispersion or ink composition according to the present invention essentially comprises a light-emitting nanocrystal, a polymer dispersant, and a stimulus-responsive curable material (thermosetting resin or active energy monomer). It preferably contains an agent, light diffusing particles, a stimulus-responsive curable material (thermosetting resin or active energy monomer), and an organic ligand.
- the dispersion or ink composition according to the present invention is a nanocrystal for light emission, a light diffusing particle, a polymer dispersant, a stimulus-responsive curable material (thermosetting resin or active energy) as long as the effects of the present invention are not impaired.
- Monomer) and other components other than the organic ligand may be further contained.
- the dispersion or ink composition according to the present invention may contain a solvent if necessary.
- the solvent may be the same as or different from the dispersion medium (solvent) of the nanocrystals for light emission.
- the solvents include monoacetate compounds such as diethylene glycol monoethyl ether acetate, ethylene glycol monoethyl ether acetate, diethylene glycol monobutyl ether acetate, dipropylene glycol methyl ether acetate, 1,4-butanediol diacetate, propylene glycol diacetate, and the like.
- Examples include triacetate compounds such as diacetate compounds and glyceryl triacetate.
- diethylene glycol dibutyl ether diethylene glycol dibutyl ether, propylene glycol dimethyl ether, tripropylene glycol dimethyl ether, diethyl adipate, dibutyl oxalate, dimethyl malonate, diethyl malonate, dimethyl succinate, diethyl succinate and the like can be mentioned.
- the boiling point of the solvent is preferably 180 ° C. or higher from the viewpoint of continuous ejection stability of the inkjet ink. Further, since it is necessary to remove the solvent from the ink composition before the ink composition is cured when the pixel portion is formed, the boiling point of the solvent is preferably 300 ° C. or less from the viewpoint of easy removal of the solvent.
- the dispersion or ink composition according to the present invention From the viewpoint of preparing the dispersion or ink composition according to the present invention to be uniform, and from the viewpoint of forming a color filter pixel portion (light conversion layer) with less unevenness by increasing the fluidity of the ink composition, It is preferable to use a solvent.
- the nanocrystal for light emission is unstable with respect to water, and the light-emitting property is easily impaired by moisture. For this reason, it is preferable to use it by an inkjet system.
- the viscosity of the dispersion or the ink composition according to the present invention is, for example, 2 mPa ⁇ s or more, 5 mPa ⁇ s or more, or 7 mPa ⁇ s or more from the viewpoint of ejection stability during ink jet printing. It may be.
- the viscosity of the ink composition may be 20 mPa ⁇ s or less, 15 mPa ⁇ s or less, or 12 mPa ⁇ s or less.
- the viscosity of the ink composition is 2 mPa ⁇ s or more, the meniscus shape of the ink composition at the tip of the ink discharge hole of the discharge head is stabilized, so that the discharge control of the ink composition (for example, the discharge amount and the discharge timing) Control).
- the viscosity is 20 mPa ⁇ s or less, the ink composition can be smoothly discharged from the ink discharge hole.
- the viscosity of the ink composition is 2 to 20 mPa ⁇ s, 2 to 15 mPa ⁇ s, 2 to 12 mPa ⁇ s, 5 to 20 mPa ⁇ s, 5 to 15 mPa ⁇ 2 to 20 mPa ⁇ s, 7 to 15 mPa ⁇ s, 7 to 12 mPa ⁇ s. It may be s or 7-12 mPa ⁇ s.
- the viscosity of the ink composition is measured by, for example, an E-type viscometer.
- the viscosity of the ink composition can be adjusted to a desired range by changing, for example, the weight average molecular weight of the thermosetting resin, the curing agent and the curing accelerator, the content of the solvent, and the like.
- the surface tension of the dispersion or ink composition according to the present invention is preferably a surface tension suitable for the ink jet system, specifically, it is preferably in the range of 20 to 40 mN / m, and preferably 25 to 35 mN / m. More preferably, it is m.
- the flight bend means that when the ink composition is ejected from the ink ejection hole, the landing position of the ink composition deviates by 30 ⁇ m or more from the target position.
- the surface tension of the ink composition can be adjusted to a desired range by using, for example, a silicon surfactant, a fluorine surfactant, an acetylene surfactant, and the like.
- the dispersion of the present invention can be prepared by blending the above-described components, and this dispersion can be used as an ink for ink jet.
- a specific method for preparing an inkjet ink composition is to disperse the light-emitting nanocrystals and the polymer dispersion in an organic solvent, and then remove the organic solvent to prepare a mill base, which is used as an active energy ray. It can adjust by mixing with the polymerizable monomer component containing a curable monomer and a photoinitiator, and stirring and mixing with a bead mill.
- the light diffusing particles and the polymer dispersion are dispersed in an organic solvent, and then the organic solvent is removed to separately prepare a mill base, which is polymerizable together with the light-emitting nanocrystals. It can be adjusted by mixing with monomer components and stirring and mixing with a bead mill.
- the ink composition can be obtained, for example, by mixing the constituent components of the ink composition described above and performing a dispersion treatment.
- the manufacturing method of the ink composition which further contains a polymer dispersing agent is demonstrated as an example of the manufacturing method of an ink composition.
- An example of a method for producing an ink composition according to the present invention includes, for example, a first step of preparing a dispersion of light diffusing particles containing a light diffusing particle and a polymer dispersant, A second step of mixing the light-emitting nanocrystals.
- the dispersion of light diffusing particles may further contain a photopolymerizable compound and / or a thermosetting resin.
- the photopolymerizable compound and / or the thermosetting resin is used. May be further mixed.
- the light diffusing particles can be sufficiently dispersed. For this reason, it is possible to reduce the leakage light in the pixel portion and easily obtain an ink composition having excellent ejection stability.
- the light diffusing particles, the polymer dispersant, and optionally a photopolymerizable compound and / or a thermosetting resin are mixed and dispersed.
- a dispersion of light diffusing particles may be prepared.
- the mixing and dispersing treatment may be performed using a dispersing device such as a bead mill, a paint conditioner, a planetary stirrer or the like. It is preferable to use a bead mill or a paint conditioner from the viewpoint of good dispersibility of the light diffusing particles and easy adjustment of the average particle diameter of the light diffusing particles to a desired range.
- the method for producing an ink composition prepares a dispersion of luminescent nanocrystals containing a luminescent nanocrystal, a photopolymerizable compound, and / or a thermosetting resin before the second step. You may further provide the process.
- a dispersion of light diffusing particles and a dispersion of luminescent nanocrystals are mixed. According to this method, the light-emitting nanocrystals can be sufficiently dispersed. For this reason, it is possible to reduce the leakage light in the pixel portion and easily obtain an ink composition having excellent ejection stability.
- the same dispersion apparatus as in the step of preparing a dispersion of light diffusing particles is used, and the light-emitting nanocrystals, photopolymerizable compounds, and / or thermosetting properties are used. Mixing with resin and dispersion treatment may be performed.
- the ink composition of the present embodiment is used as an ink composition for an ink jet system, it is preferably applied to a piezo jet ink jet recording apparatus using a mechanical ejection mechanism using a piezoelectric element.
- the ink composition is not instantaneously exposed to high temperatures during ejection, the nanocrystals for light emission do not easily change, and the color filter pixel portion (light conversion layer) has the light emission characteristics as expected. It is easier to obtain.
- an ink-jet ink composition containing luminescent nanocrystals exhibiting a desired color development such as R, G, B, etc.
- a colored hardened layer such as a pixel portion or a light shielding layer is formed by selectively adhering to a predetermined region on a transparent substrate by an inkjet method and irradiating an active energy ray to cure.
- a light-shielding portion that is a so-called black matrix is provided on a transparent substrate, and then the ink-jet ink of the present invention is printed on the pixel portion partitioned by the light-shielding portion by an ink jet method, and then protected. It can be obtained by forming a layer.
- examples of the ink jet system include a bubble jet (registered trademark) system using an electrothermal transducer as an energy generating element, a piezo jet system using a piezoelectric element, and the like.
- a transparent glass substrate such as quartz glass, Pyrex (registered trademark) glass, or a synthetic quartz plate, or a transparent flexible material such as a transparent resin film or an optical resin plate is used.
- quartz glass Pyrex (registered trademark) glass
- synthetic quartz plate or a transparent flexible material such as a transparent resin film or an optical resin plate
- a transparent flexible material such as a transparent resin film or an optical resin plate
- 7059 glass manufactured by Corning is particularly preferable because it is a material having a small coefficient of thermal expansion, excellent in dimensional stability and workability in high-temperature heat treatment, and is an alkali-free glass containing no alkali component in the glass.
- a method of forming a light-shielding portion that functions as a black matrix between pixels is formed by using a sputtering method, a vacuum vapor deposition method, or the like in a region that becomes a boundary between pixel portions on one side of a transparent substrate to have a thickness of 1000 to 2000 angstroms.
- a metal thin film such as chromium and patterning the thin film.
- the light shielding portion may be a layer in which light shielding particles such as carbon fine particles, metal oxides, inorganic pigments, and organic pigments are contained in a resin binder in addition to the above-described metal thin film.
- a resin binder polyimide resin, acrylic resin, epoxy resin, polyacrylamide, polyvinyl alcohol, gelatin, casein, cellulose, or a mixture of two or more kinds, photosensitive resin,
- An O / W emulsion type resin composition for example, an emulsion of reactive silicone can be used.
- the thickness of such a resin light-shielding portion can be set within a range of 0.5 to 10 ⁇ m. Examples of a method for performing patterning using such a particle-dispersed resin include a photolithography method and a printing method.
- an ink repellent layer by laminating a material having ink repellency narrower than that of the light shielding portion on the pattern of the light shielding portion.
- an emulsion of reactive silicone can be used.
- a photocurable resin is preferably used for reasons such as easy handling and curing.
- the surface may be treated with an ink-repellent treatment agent such as a silicone compound or a fluorine-containing compound.
- ink jet ink can then be ejected and fixed on the pixel portion by an ink jet method, but a general-purpose receiving layer such as hydroxypropylcellulose can be provided in advance on the pixel portion as an ink receiving layer.
- a known ink receiving layer such as hydroxypropylcellulose requires a baking step.
- no receiving layer is provided, or a photocatalyst-containing layer described later is provided.
- a photocatalyst containing layer as a wettability variable layer is formed in a solid coating shape in a region including the pixel portion forming region. In this state, the coated surface is in a state showing ink repellency.
- the photocatalyst-containing layer is exposed by irradiating light through a photomask to selectively increase the ink affinity of the pixel portion formation region.
- the width of the exposed portion is wider than the width of the pixel portion forming region while securing an unexposed portion on the light shielding portion. Further, when exposure is performed from the side opposite to the printing surface of the transparent substrate, the light shielding portion functions as a photomask, so that a photomask becomes unnecessary.
- the light applied to the photocatalyst-containing layer may be visible light or invisible light as long as it can activate the photocatalyst, but usually light including ultraviolet light is used.
- a light source including ultraviolet light include a mercury lamp, a metal halide lamp, and a xenon lamp.
- the wavelength of light used for the exposure can be set in a range of 400 nm or less, preferably in a range of 380 nm or less, and the amount of light irradiation at the time of exposure is such that the material constituting the wettability variable layer is a photocatalyst.
- a binder is dispersed in a solvent together with other additives to prepare a coating solution. After coating the coating solution, hydrolysis and polycondensation reactions are performed to immobilize the photocatalyst in the binder. Things.
- the photocatalyst that can be used here is one that expresses the function of increasing the surface free energy of the material itself by light irradiation.
- titanium oxide (TiO2), zinc oxide (ZnO), tin oxide (SnO2), strontium titanate. (SrTiO3), tungsten oxide (WO3), bismuth oxide (Bi2O3), and iron oxide (Fe2O3) is one that expresses the function of increasing the surface free energy of the material itself by light irradiation.
- titanium oxide TiO2
- ZnO zinc oxide
- SnO2 tin oxide
- SrTiO3 strontium titanate.
- WO3 tungsten oxide
- Bi2O3 bismuth oxide
- Fe2O3 iron oxide
- the binder used in the photocatalyst-containing layer preferably has a high binding energy such that the main skeleton is not decomposed by photoexcitation of the photocatalyst.
- a high binding energy such that the main skeleton is not decomposed by photoexcitation of the photocatalyst.
- chloro or alkoxysilane is hydrolyzed by sol-gel reaction or the like.
- the content of the photocatalyst in the photocatalyst containing layer can be set in the range of 5 to 60% by weight, preferably 20 to 40% by weight.
- the thickness of the photocatalyst-containing layer is preferably in the range of 0.05 to 10 ⁇ m.
- an alcoholic organic solvent such as ethanol or isopropanol is preferable.
- the application can be performed by a known application method such as spin coating, spray coating, dip coating, roll coating, or bead coating.
- an ultraviolet curable component is contained as a binder, the photocatalyst-containing layer can be formed by irradiating with ultraviolet rays and performing a curing treatment.
- the dispersion or ink composition according to the present invention may be used to produce a color filter by a photolithography method.
- the ink composition is applied onto a substrate, and if necessary, dried to form a coating film. It is preferable to pattern by processing with a developing solution.
- the ink composition is alkali-soluble even when the coating film of the ink composition is not subjected to the treatment with an alkali developer such as a light conversion layer or a color filter using the inkjet method described above.
- the coating film of the ink composition easily absorbs moisture in the atmosphere, and the light-emitting property (for example, fluorescence) of the light-emitting nanocrystals (quantum dots or the like) is impaired as time passes.
- the coating film of the dispersion or ink composition is preferably insoluble in alkali. That is, the dispersion or ink composition of this embodiment is preferably a dispersion or ink composition capable of forming an alkali-insoluble coating film.
- a dispersion or ink composition can be obtained by using an alkali-insoluble active energy monomer and / or an alkali-insoluble thermosetting resin as the active energy monomer and / or thermosetting resin. it can.
- the coating film of the dispersion or ink composition is insoluble in alkali. The amount of the coating film of the dispersion or ink composition dissolved in a 1% by mass aqueous potassium hydroxide solution at 25 ° C.
- the dispersion or ink composition is that of the dispersion or ink composition. It means 30% by mass or less based on the total mass of the coating film.
- the dissolution amount of the coating film of the dispersion or the ink composition is preferably 10% by mass or less, more preferably 3% by mass or less.
- the dispersion or ink composition is a dispersion or ink composition capable of forming an alkali-insoluble coating film when the dispersion or ink composition is coated on a substrate and then contains a solvent at 80 ° C. This can be confirmed by measuring the amount of dissolution of a coating film having a thickness of 1 ⁇ m obtained by drying under conditions of 3 minutes.
- Protective layer forming step In the manufacturing method of the light conversion layer in this invention, you may perform the protective layer formation process which forms a protective layer on a pixel part further. This protective layer is provided to flatten the color filter and to prevent elution of the components contained in the pixel portion or the pixel portion and the photocatalyst containing layer into the liquid crystal layer.
- any material used as a known protective layer for a color filter can be used, and an epoxy thermosetting type or an acrylic photocuring type can be preferably used. Since the former epoxy protective material requires baking at a high temperature for curing, a photo-curing acrylic protective material is preferable.
- Such an acrylic protective material can be used by appropriately combining the above-described monofunctional or polyfunctional (meth) acryloyl monomers according to desired properties.
- the thickness of the protective layer can be set in consideration of the surface state of the light conversion layer, and can be set, for example, in the range of 0.1 to 2.0 ⁇ m.
- Examples of the light conversion layer obtained in this way include those having the cross-sectional structure shown in FIG.
- a general liquid crystal display element performs wavelength display by selecting a wavelength of light from a white light source in a color filter and absorbing a part thereof, whereas the light conversion layer of the present invention
- the light conversion layer containing nanocrystals for light emission is used as an alternative member for a color filter. Therefore, the light conversion layer 6 in the present invention includes the three primary color pixels of red (R), green (G), and blue (B), and plays the same role as a so-called color filter.
- the light conversion layer 6 includes, for example, a red (R) pixel portion (red color layer portion) and a red light emitting nano-layer.
- a green (R) pixel portion (green color layer portion) includes a light conversion pixel layer (NC-Green) including a green light emitting nanocrystal
- the blue (R) pixel portion (blue color layer portion) includes a light conversion pixel layer (NC-Blue) including blue light emitting nanocrystals.
- the blue light emitted from the blue LED can be used as blue. Therefore, when the light from the light source is blue light, the light conversion pixel layer (NC-Blue) is omitted from the light conversion pixel layers (NC-Red, NC-Green, NC-Blue) of the respective colors.
- the backlight may be used as it is.
- the color layer displaying blue can be constituted by a transparent material or a color material layer (so-called blue color filter) containing a blue color material. Therefore, in FIG. 1, since the blue light-emitting nanocrystal can be an arbitrary component, the blue light-emitting nanocrystal is indicated by a one-dot broken line.
- the light emitting nanocrystal NC absorbs light (for example, blue light) emitted from the light source part and emits blue light, and absorbs light (for example, blue light) emitted from the light source part. It is represented by at least one selected from the group consisting of a green light emitting nanocrystal NC that emits green light and a red light emitting nanocrystal NC that emits red light by absorbing light (for example, blue light) emitted from the light source unit.
- the light emitting unit emits blue light by absorbing light emitted from the light source part (for example, blue light) NC, and the green light emitting nano crystal that emits green light by absorbing light emitted from the light source part (for example, blue light).
- the light conversion layer according to the present invention particularly preferably includes a layer containing nanocrystals for red light emission (NC-Red) and a layer containing nanocrystals for green light emission (NC-Green).
- the light conversion layer described in detail above has excellent conversion efficiency and excellent color reproducibility as a light conversion layer, and is useful as a substitute for a color filter in a liquid crystal display element or an organic EL display element.
- the light conversion layer requires a visible light source having a short wavelength or ultraviolet light as a light source in order to cause excitation of the quantum dots. Therefore, when a short wavelength or ultraviolet light source is used, the liquid crystal display element has a problem that the liquid crystal layer is easily decomposed by light having a high energy in the short wavelength region, so that the amount of light of the light source cannot be increased.
- the light conversion layer can obtain high light conversion efficiency, a practical display device can be constructed even with a slightly weak light source light. In this respect, the liquid crystal display element Application to is extremely useful.
- liquid crystal display element when a liquid crystal display element is configured by combining a liquid crystal layer having a predetermined liquid crystal composition and the light conversion layer as in the liquid crystal display element of the present invention described in detail below, the liquid crystal layer itself has high energy. It is worth noting that it will be able to withstand long-term exposure to light in the short wavelength region, so it will be a liquid crystal display device with unprecedented high brightness, long life, excellent color development and color reproducibility. .
- the light conversion layer described in detail above further includes a color containing a blue color material on the light source side surface of the light conversion layer, as shown in FIG. 2, depending on the type of light source used (blue LED as a light emitting element).
- a layer may be provided between them.
- FIG. 2 shows an example of an enlarged schematic diagram of the light conversion layer 6 according to the present invention.
- the light conversion layer 6 includes a red color layer R, a green color layer G, and a blue color layer B.
- a nanocrystal layer NCL and a color material layer (so-called color filter) CFL containing a color material may be laminated.
- the light conversion layer of the present invention exhibits excellent light conversion efficiency, but cannot completely convert light from the light source (excitation light, for example, blue light) by the light conversion layer, and passes through the light conversion layer.
- the unnecessary light of the transmitted light can be absorbed by laminating a color layer (so-called color filter) CFL containing a color material having the same color as the color of the layer (NC) containing the light emitting nanocrystals.
- a color material layer (so-called yellow color filter) including a yellow color material may be used for color adjustment instead of the color material layer (so-called green color filter) CF-Green including the green color material.
- the blue pixel layer may use the backlight light as it is.
- the color layer displaying blue is a color material layer containing a transparent resin or a blue color material (so-called blue color layer). Color filter) or the like.
- the red color layer R, the green color layer G, and the blue color layer B may appropriately include color materials as necessary.
- the layer (NCL) including the light emitting nanocrystals NC may include color materials corresponding to the respective colors.
- FIG. 13 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a color filter according to an embodiment.
- the color filter 60 includes a base material 40 and a light conversion layer 6 provided on the base material 40.
- the light conversion layer 6 includes a plurality of pixel units 50 and a light shielding unit 20.
- the light conversion layer 30 includes, as the pixel unit 50, a first pixel unit 50a, a second pixel unit 50b, and a third pixel unit 50c.
- the first pixel unit 50a, the second pixel unit 50b, and the third pixel unit 50c are arranged in a lattice pattern so as to be repeated in this order.
- the light shielding unit 20 is provided between adjacent pixel units, that is, between the first pixel unit 50a and the second pixel unit 50b, between the second pixel unit 50b and the third pixel unit 50c, and third.
- the pixel unit 50c and the first pixel unit 50a are provided. In other words, these adjacent pixel portions are separated from each other by the light shielding portion 20.
- the first pixel portion 50a and the second pixel portion 50b each include a cured product of the ink composition of the above-described embodiment.
- the cured product contains luminescent nanocrystals, light diffusing particles, and a curing component.
- the curing component is a cured product of a photopolymerizable compound and / or a thermosetting resin, and specifically, a cured product obtained by polymerization of the photopolymerizable compound and / or crosslinking of the thermosetting resin. That is, the first pixel unit 50a includes a first cured component 130a, and the first light emitting nanocrystals 110a and the first light diffusing particles 120a dispersed in the first cured component 130a, respectively.
- the second pixel portion 50b includes a second cured component 130b, and second light-emitting nanocrystals 110b and second light diffusion particles 120b dispersed in the second cured component 130b, respectively.
- the first curing component 130a and the second curing component 130b may be the same or different, and the first light diffusion particle 120a and the second pixel component 50b may be different from each other.
- the two light diffusion particles 120b may be the same or different.
- the first light-emitting nanocrystal 110a is a red light-emitting nanocrystal particle that absorbs light having a wavelength in the range of 420 to 480 nm and emits light having an emission peak wavelength in the range of 605 to 665 nm. That is, the first pixel unit 50a may be rephrased as a red pixel unit for converting blue light into red light.
- the second light-emitting nanocrystal 110b is a green light-emitting nanocrystal particle that absorbs light having a wavelength in the range of 420 to 480 nm and emits light having an emission peak wavelength in the range of 500 to 560 nm. That is, the second pixel unit 50b may be rephrased as a green pixel unit for converting blue light into green light.
- the content of the light-emitting nanocrystals in the pixel portion including the cured product of the ink composition is 5% by mass or more based on the total mass of the cured product of the ink composition, from the viewpoint of being excellent in the effect of reducing leakage light. It may be 10% by mass or more, 15% by mass or more, 20% by mass or more, 30% by mass or more, or 40% by mass or more. Good. From the viewpoint of excellent reliability of the pixel portion, the content of the light-emitting nanocrystals may be 70% by mass or less and 60% by mass or less based on the total mass of the cured product of the ink composition. 55 mass% or less, or 50 mass% or less.
- the content of the light diffusing particles in the pixel portion including the cured product of the ink composition is 0.1% by mass or more based on the total mass of the cured product of the ink composition from the viewpoint of being excellent in the effect of reducing leakage light. 1 mass% or more, 5 mass% or more, 7 mass% or more, 10 mass% or more, 12 mass% or more, Also good.
- the content of the light diffusing particles may be 60% by mass or less, based on the total mass of the cured product of the ink composition, from the viewpoint of being excellent in the effect of reducing leakage light and the reliability of the pixel portion. % By mass or less, 40% by mass or less, 30% by mass or less, 25% by mass or less, or 20% by mass or less, 15 The mass% or less may be sufficient.
- the third pixel unit 50c has a transmittance of 30% or more for light having a wavelength in the range of 420 to 480 nm. Therefore, the third pixel portion 50c functions as a blue pixel portion when a light source that emits light having a wavelength in the range of 420 to 480 nm is used.
- the third pixel portion 50c includes, for example, a cured product of a composition containing the above-described photopolymerizable compound and / or thermosetting resin. The cured product contains a third curing component 13c.
- the third curing component 13c is a cured product of a photopolymerizable compound and / or a thermosetting resin, and specifically, a cured product obtained by polymerization of the photopolymerizable compound and / or crosslinking of the thermosetting resin. It is. That is, the third pixel unit 50c includes the third curing component 13c.
- the composition containing the photopolymerizable compound and / or thermosetting resin has a transmittance of 30% for light having a wavelength in the range of 420 to 480 nm.
- the transmittance of the third pixel portion 50c can be measured by a microspectroscopic device.
- the thickness of the pixel portion (the first pixel portion 50a, the second pixel portion 50b, and the third pixel portion 50c) may be, for example, 1 ⁇ m or more, 2 ⁇ m or more, or 3 ⁇ m or more. May be.
- the thickness of the pixel portion (the first pixel portion 50a, the second pixel portion 50b, and the third pixel portion 50c) may be, for example, 30 ⁇ m or less, 20 ⁇ m or less, or 15 ⁇ m or less. May be.
- the light shielding unit 20 is a so-called black matrix provided for the purpose of preventing color mixture by separating adjacent pixel units and preventing light leakage from the light source.
- the material constituting the light-shielding part 20 is not particularly limited, and curing of a resin composition containing light-shielding particles such as carbon fine particles, metal oxides, inorganic pigments, and organic pigments in a binder polymer in addition to a metal such as chromium. A thing etc. can be used.
- polyimide resin acrylic resin, epoxy resin, polyacrylamide, polyvinyl alcohol, gelatin, casein, cellulose, or a mixture of one or more kinds, photosensitive resin, O / W
- An emulsion type resin composition (for example, an emulsion of reactive silicone) can be used.
- the thickness of the light shielding part 20 may be, for example, 0.5 ⁇ m or more and 10 ⁇ m or less.
- the base material 40 is a transparent base material having optical transparency.
- the base material 40 is a transparent glass substrate such as quartz glass, Pyrex (registered trademark) glass, or a synthetic quartz plate, a transparent resin film, an optical resin film, or the like.
- a flexible base material etc. can be used.
- the glass substrate which consists of an alkali free glass which does not contain an alkali component in glass.
- “7059 glass”, “1737 glass”, “Eagle 200” and “Eagle XG” manufactured by Corning, “AN100” manufactured by Asahi Glass, “OA-10G” and “OA10G” manufactured by Nippon Electric Glass OA-11 is preferred. These are materials having a small coefficient of thermal expansion, and are excellent in dimensional stability and workability in high-temperature heat treatment.
- the color filter 100 including the above light conversion layer 30 is preferably used when a light source that emits light having a wavelength in the range of 420 to 480 nm is used.
- the color filter 100 is formed by forming the light-shielding portion 20 on the base material 40 in a pattern, and then forming the ink composition (in the above-described embodiment) on the pixel portion forming region partitioned by the light-shielding portion 20 on the base material 40.
- Ink-jet ink can be selectively deposited by an ink-jet method and can be produced by a method of curing the ink composition by irradiation with active energy rays or heating.
- the light shielding part 20 is formed by forming a metal thin film such as chromium or a resin composition thin film containing light shielding particles in a region serving as a boundary between a plurality of pixel parts on one side of the substrate 40. And a method of patterning the thin film.
- the metal thin film can be formed by, for example, a sputtering method, a vacuum deposition method, or the like, and the thin film of the resin composition containing the light-shielding particles can be formed by, for example, a method such as coating or printing. Examples of the patterning method include a photolithography method.
- Examples of the ink jet system include a bubble jet (registered trademark) system using an electrothermal transducer as an energy generating element, a piezo jet system using a piezoelectric element, and the like.
- the ink composition When the ink composition is cured by irradiation with active energy rays (for example, ultraviolet rays), for example, a mercury lamp, a metal halide lamp, a xenon lamp, an LED, or the like may be used.
- active energy rays for example, ultraviolet rays
- the wavelength of the irradiated light may be, for example, 200 nm or more and 440 nm or less.
- the exposure amount may be, for example, 10 mJ / cm 2 or more and may be 4000 mJ / cm 2 or less.
- the heating temperature may be, for example, 110 ° C. or higher and 250 ° C. or lower.
- the heating time may be, for example, 10 minutes or more and 120 minutes or less.
- the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment.
- the light conversion layer may be a pixel portion including a cured product of an ink composition containing blue light emitting nanocrystal particles instead of or in addition to the third pixel portion 50c.
- a blue pixel portion may include a pixel portion (for example, a yellow pixel portion) including a cured product of an ink composition containing nanocrystal particles that emit light of a color other than red, green, and blue.
- each of the light-emitting nanocrystals contained in each pixel portion of the light conversion layer preferably has an absorption maximum wavelength in the same wavelength region.
- the pixel portion of the light conversion layer may include a cured product of a composition containing a pigment other than the light-emitting nanocrystal.
- the color filter may include an ink repellent layer made of a material having ink repellency narrower than that of the light shielding portion on the pattern of the light shielding portion.
- an ink repellent layer instead of providing an ink repellent layer, a photocatalyst-containing layer as a wettability variable layer is formed in a solid shape in a region including the pixel portion formation region, and then light is passed through the photocatalyst-containing layer through a photomask. Exposure may be performed by irradiation to selectively increase the ink affinity of the pixel portion formation region.
- the photocatalyst include titanium oxide.
- the color filter may include an ink receiving layer containing hydroxypropyl cellulose or the like between the base material and the pixel portion.
- the color filter may include a protective layer on the pixel portion.
- This protective layer flattens the color filter and prevents elution of components contained in the pixel portion, or components contained in the pixel portion and components contained in the photocatalyst containing layer into the liquid crystal layer. It is provided.
- the material constituting the protective layer those used as known color filter protective layers can be used.
- the pixel portion may be formed not by the ink jet method but by the photolithography method.
- the ink composition is applied to the base material in layers to form an ink composition layer.
- the ink composition layer is exposed in a pattern and then developed using a developer.
- a pixel portion made of a cured product of the ink composition is formed.
- the developer is usually alkaline, an alkali-soluble polymer is used as the binder polymer.
- the ink jet method is superior to the photolithography method in terms of material use efficiency. This is because, in the photolithography method, approximately 2/3 or more of the material is removed in principle, and the material is wasted. For this reason, in this embodiment, it is preferable to form a pixel part by an inkjet system using inkjet ink.
- the pixel portion of the light conversion layer of this embodiment may further contain a pigment having substantially the same color as the emission color of the nanocrystals for light emission.
- a pigment having substantially the same color as the emission color of the nanocrystals for light emission For example, when a pixel portion containing a light-emitting nanocrystal that absorbs blue light and emits light as the pixel portion of the liquid crystal display element, blue light or quasi-white light having a peak at 450 nm is used as light from the light source.
- the concentration of the light-emitting nanocrystal in the pixel portion is not sufficient, light from the light source passes through the light conversion layer when the liquid crystal display element is driven.
- the transmitted light (blue light, leakage light) from this light source and the light emitted from the light emitting nanocrystal are mixed.
- a pigment may be contained in the pixel portion of the light conversion layer.
- the ink composition may contain a pigment.
- one or two of the red pixel portion (R), the green pixel portion (G), and the blue pixel portion (B) in the light conversion layer of the present embodiment may be colored without containing a light emitting nanocrystal.
- a pixel portion containing a material may be used.
- the color material that can be used here a known color material can be used.
- a diketopyrrolopyrrole pigment and / or an anionic red organic dye can be used. Can be mentioned.
- Examples of the color material used for the green pixel portion (G) include at least one selected from the group consisting of a halogenated copper phthalocyanine pigment, a phthalocyanine green dye, and a mixture of a phthalocyanine blue dye and an azo yellow organic dye.
- Examples of the color material used for the blue pixel portion (B) include an ⁇ -type copper phthalocyanine pigment and / or a cationic blue organic dye. When used in the light conversion layer, these coloring materials are used in an amount of 1 to 5 masses based on the total mass of the pixel portion (cured product of the ink composition) from the viewpoint of preventing a decrease in transmittance. % Is preferred.
- FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing the entire example of the liquid crystal display element used in the present embodiment, and for the sake of convenience, the constituent elements are shown separated from each other.
- the liquid crystal display element 1000 includes a backlight unit 100 and a liquid crystal panel 10.
- the backlight unit 100 is a perspective view showing an entire example of a liquid crystal display element having a so-called direct-type backlight structure in which a plurality of light emitting elements L are arranged in a plane with respect to a flat light guide 102.
- each component is illustrated separately.
- the backlight 100 may be of a type in which a light source unit 101 including a plurality of light emitting elements L is disposed on one side surface of the light guide unit 102.
- first substrate 2 having a first electrode layer 3 (for example, a pixel electrode) on one surface and a first polarizing layer 1 on the other surface, and a second substrate.
- the second substrate 7 having the electrode layer 3 ′ (for example, a common electrode), and the liquid crystal layer 5 sandwiched between the first substrate 2 and the second substrate 7 are provided.
- a light conversion layer 6 is provided between the second substrate 7 and the second electrode layer 3 ′, and a second electrode layer 3 ′ on the light conversion layer 6 is disposed on the second electrode layer 3 ′ side.
- the polarizing layer 8 is provided.
- the liquid crystal display element 10 includes a backlight unit 100, a first polarizing plate 1, a first substrate 2, and an electrode layer including a thin film transistor (or a thin film transistor layer or a pixel electrode). ) 3, a layer 5 containing a liquid crystal composition, a second electrode layer 3 ′, a second polarizing plate 8, a light conversion layer 6, and a second substrate 7 are sequentially laminated. Become.
- the first (transparent insulating) substrate 2 is provided with the polarizing layer 1 on one surface and the electrode layer 3 on the other surface. Further, a second (transparent insulating) substrate 7 is disposed so as to face the first substrate 2 with the liquid crystal layer 5 interposed therebetween, and the light conversion layer 6 and the polarizing layer 8 of the present invention are formed on the substrate 7. In order.
- the light conversion layer 6 of the present invention is provided between the second substrate 7 and the liquid crystal layer 5.
- a so-called color filter on array (COA) as shown in FIG. 9 may be used.
- the light conversion layer 6 may be provided between the electrode layer 3 and the liquid crystal layer 5, or the electrode layer 3
- a light conversion layer 6 may be provided between the first substrate 2 and the first substrate 2.
- an overcoat layer (not shown) may be provided so as to cover the light conversion layer 6 to prevent a substance contained in the light conversion layer from flowing out to the liquid crystal layer.
- the light emitted from the light emitting element L passes through the light guide 102 (via the light diffusion plate or the light diffusion plate) and enters the surface of the liquid crystal panel 10.
- the light incident on the liquid crystal panel 10 is polarized in a specific direction by the first polarizing layer 1 and then polarized in the liquid crystal layer 5 by driving the first electrode layer 3 and the second electrode layer 3 ′.
- the light whose direction is changed is blocked by the second polarizing layer 8 or polarized in a specific direction, and then enters the light conversion layer 6.
- the light incident on the light conversion layer 6 is absorbed by the light emitting nanocrystals and converted into an emission spectrum into any one of red (R), green (G), and blue (B).
- red (R), green (G), and blue (B) can be displayed.
- FIGS. 5 to 9 are schematic views of cross-sectional views of the liquid crystal panel 10 in the liquid crystal display element, in order to show the configuration of the liquid crystal panel used in the present embodiment.
- a substrate on the backlight unit (light source) side and a laminate laminated on the substrate are array substrate (A-SUB), and the array substrate and the liquid crystal layer 5 are connected to the liquid crystal layer 5.
- a substrate opposed to the substrate and a stacked body stacked on the substrate are referred to as a counter substrate (O-SUB).
- the configurations and preferred embodiments of the array substrate (A-SUB) and the counter substrate (O-SUB) will be described in detail in the description of the electrode structure in FIGS.
- the light conversion layer 6 having the cross-sectional structure shown in FIG. 1 is provided on the counter substrate (O-SUB), and the light conversion layer 6 and the second polarizing layer 8 are paired.
- a so-called in-cell polarizing layer is provided between the first substrate 2 and the second substrate 7.
- the embodiment shown in FIG. 5 is applied to a VA type liquid crystal display element, in the counter substrate side O-SUB, between the liquid crystal 5 and the second polarizing layer 8 or between the second polarizing layer 8 and the light conversion layer. 6 is provided with an electrode layer 3 ′ (common electrode), and the electrode layer 3 (pixel electrode) is preferably formed on the first substrate 2.
- the alignment layer 4 is preferably formed on the surface in contact with at least one liquid crystal layer on the counter substrate side (O-SUB) and the array substrate side (A-SUB).
- the pixel electrode and the common electrode are preferably formed on the first base 2.
- the light conversion layer 6 is provided on the counter substrate (O-SUB), and the light conversion layer 6 having the cross-sectional structure shown in FIG.
- the substrate 2 and the second substrate 7) are provided outside. Therefore, a support substrate 9 that supports the second polarizing layer 8 and the light conversion layer 6 is provided.
- the support substrate 9 is preferably a transparent substrate.
- an electrode layer 3 ′ (common electrode) is provided between the liquid crystal 5 and the second polarizing layer 8 on the counter substrate side O-SUB, and
- the electrode layer 3 (pixel electrode) is preferably formed on the first substrate 2.
- the alignment layer 4 is preferably formed on the surface in contact with at least one liquid crystal layer on the counter substrate side (O-SUB) and the array substrate side (A-SUB). Further, in FIG. 6, when the liquid crystal display element is an FFS type or an IPS type, it is preferable that the pixel electrode and the common electrode are formed on the first substrate 2.
- the light conversion layer 6 is provided on the counter substrate side O-SUB, and the light conversion layer 6 and the second polarizing layer 8 are formed of a pair of substrates (the first substrate 2 and the second substrate 2). And an in-cell polarizing plate provided between the substrates 7), and in each of the red and green color layer portions constituting the light conversion layer 6, the red color layer portion is a red light emitting nano-layer.
- a light conversion pixel layer (NC-Red) containing crystals and a color material layer (so-called red color filter) (CF-Red) containing a red color material are stacked, and the green color
- the layer part is composed of a light conversion pixel layer (NC-Green) containing nanocrystals for green light emission that emits green light and a color material layer (so-called green color filter) (CF-Green) containing a green color material. It has a two-layer structure.
- the color material containing a blue color material between the light conversion layer 6 and the 2nd polarizing layer 8 of FIG. A layer may be provided on one side between them.
- an electrode layer 3 ′ (common electrode) is provided between the liquid crystal 5 and the second polarizing layer 8 on the opposite substrate side O-SUB,
- the electrode layer 3 (pixel electrode) is preferably formed on the first substrate 2.
- the pixel electrode and the common electrode are formed on the first substrate 2.
- an alignment layer 4 is formed on a surface in contact with at least one liquid crystal layer on the counter substrate side (O-SUB) and the array substrate side (A-SUB). Preferably it is.
- light using a high energy light source such as short wavelength visible light or ultraviolet light is converted into light through a liquid crystal layer and a polarizing layer functioning as an optical switch.
- the light-emitting nanocrystal contained in the layer absorbs the light, and the absorbed light is converted into light of a specific wavelength by the light-emitting nanocrystal to emit light, thereby displaying a color.
- the light conversion layer 6 shown in FIG. 1 is provided on the array substrate side (A-SUB) side, and the second polarizing layer 8 is disposed outside the second substrate 7.
- a color filter on array type liquid crystal panel provided with an in-cell polarizing plate provided between the pair of substrates (first substrate 2 and second substrate 7). .
- an electrode layer 3 ′ (common electrode) is provided between the liquid crystal 5 and the second substrate 7 on the opposite substrate side O-SUB, and
- the electrode layer 3 (pixel electrode) is preferably formed on the first substrate 2.
- an alignment layer 4 is formed on the surface in contact with at least one liquid crystal layer on the counter substrate side (O-SUB) and the array substrate side (A-SUB).
- the pixel electrode and the common electrode are on the first substrate 2, for example, between the first substrate 2 and the light conversion layer 6, It is preferably formed between the one polarizing layer 1 and the light conversion layer 6 or between the first polarizing layer 1 and the liquid crystal layer 5.
- a blue color filter is provided between the light conversion layer 6 and the first substrate 2 so as to prevent unnecessary light from entering and suppress deterioration in image quality.
- the incident light is blue light
- the color layer for displaying blue does not have to use a nanocrystal for blue light emission.
- a color layer containing a transparent resin or a blue color material (so-called blue color filter). ) Or the like.
- the light conversion layer 6 shown in FIG. 1 is provided on the array substrate (A-SUB) side on the backlight unit (light source) side, and the first polarizing layer 1 and the second polarizing layer are provided.
- the layer 8 is provided outside the pair of substrates (the first substrate 2 and the second substrate 7). Therefore, a support substrate 9 that supports the first polarizing layer 1 and the light conversion layer 6 is provided closer to the light source unit (backlight unit) than the first substrate 2.
- the light conversion layer 6 shown in FIGS. 5 to 7 is disposed on the substrate side O ⁇ facing the substrate A-SUB on the backlight unit (light source) side.
- the structure provided on the SUB side is preferable in that the effect of the present invention that the deterioration of the liquid crystal layer due to irradiation with high-energy rays can be suppressed or prevented is significantly exhibited.
- the color filter used in each of the above-described embodiments may include the above-described transparent resin, a photocurable compound described later, a dispersant, and the like, if necessary. It can be formed by a lithography method or the like.
- FIG. 10 is one example of a cross-sectional view of the liquid crystal display element.
- the alignment layers 4 are stacked in this order.
- FIG. 10 shows an example in which two layers of the passivation film 18 and the flat film 33 are provided separately, a flattening film having both functions of the passivation film 18 and the flat film 33 may be provided.
- FIG. 10 shows an example in which the alignment layer 4 is provided, but the alignment layer 4 may not be formed.
- the common electrode 22 is a plate-like electrode formed on almost the entire surface of the gate insulating layer 12, while the pixel electrode 21 has the common electrode 22. It is a comb-shaped electrode formed on the insulating protective layer 18 to be covered. That is, the common electrode 22 is disposed at a position closer to the first substrate 2 than the pixel electrode 21, and these electrodes are disposed so as to overlap each other via the insulating protective layer 18.
- the pixel electrode 21 and the common electrode 22 are formed of a transparent conductive material such as ITO (Indium Tin Oxide), IZO (Indium Zinc Oxide), IZTO (Indium Zinc Tin Oxide), and the like. Since the pixel electrode 21 and the common electrode 22 are formed of a transparent conductive material, the area opened by the unit pixel area increases, and the aperture ratio and transmittance increase.
- the pixel electrode 21 and the common electrode 22 have a horizontal component of the inter-electrode path between the pixel electrode 21 and the common electrode 22 (both the horizontal component of the minimum separation path) in order to form a fringe electric field between these electrodes.
- R is formed to be smaller than the thickness G of the liquid crystal layer 5 between the first substrate 2 and the second substrate 7.
- the horizontal component R of the interelectrode path represents the distance in the horizontal direction on the substrate between the electrodes.
- the horizontal component (or interelectrode distance) of the minimum separation path is shown.
- the FFS type liquid crystal display element can use a horizontal electric field formed in a direction perpendicular to a line forming the comb shape of the pixel electrode 21 and a parabolic electric field.
- the electrode width of the comb-shaped portion of the pixel electrode 21: l and the width of the gap of the comb-shaped portion of the pixel electrode 21: m are such that all the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer 5 can be driven by the generated electric field. It is preferable to form.
- the horizontal component R of the minimum separation path between the pixel electrode and the common electrode can be adjusted by the (average) film thickness of the insulating film 35 or the like.
- the configuration of the liquid crystal panel 10 in the IPS liquid crystal display element is a structure in which an electrode layer 3 (including a common electrode, a pixel electrode, and a TFT) is provided on one substrate, and the first polarizing layer 1, One substrate 2, electrode layer 3, alignment layer 4, liquid crystal layer 5 containing a liquid crystal composition, alignment layer 4, second polarizing layer 8, light conversion layer 6, and second substrate 7 Are sequentially stacked.
- an electrode layer 3 including a common electrode, a pixel electrode, and a TFT
- FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view of an IPS liquid crystal panel cut.
- a gate insulating layer 32 provided so as to cover the gate bus line 26 (not shown) and to cover substantially the entire surface of the first substrate 2, and on the surface of the gate insulating layer 32
- the formed insulating protective layer 31 is provided, and the first electrode (pixel electrode) 21 and the second electrode (common electrode) 22 are provided on the insulating protective film 31 separately.
- the insulating protective layer 31 is a layer having an insulating function, and is formed of silicon nitride, silicon dioxide, silicon oxynitride film, or the like.
- the second substrate 7 on which the layer 8 and the light conversion layer 6 are formed on one surface is spaced apart from the alignment layer at a predetermined interval, and the space is filled with the liquid crystal layer 5 containing a liquid crystal composition.
- Thickness (cell gap): H satisfies the relationship G ⁇ H.
- the liquid crystal panel 10 of the liquid crystal display element according to the present invention includes a first polarizing layer 1, a first substrate 2, an electrode layer (also referred to as a thin film transistor layer) 3 including a thin film transistor, an alignment layer 4,
- the liquid crystal layer 5 containing the liquid crystal composition, the alignment layer 4, the common electrode 3 ′, the first polarizing layer 8, the light conversion layer 6, and the second substrate 7 are sequentially stacked. is there.
- a preferred embodiment of the structure of the thin film transistor (region IV in FIG. 12) of the liquid crystal display element according to the present invention is as described above, and is omitted here.
- the liquid crystal panel portion of the vertical alignment type liquid crystal display element as shown in FIG. 12 is different from the IPS type and FFS type, and the common electrode 3 ′ (not shown) is opposed to and separated from the pixel electrode 21. Are formed on the opposite substrate. In other words, the pixel electrode 21 and the common electrode 22 are formed on different substrates. On the other hand, in the aforementioned FFS or IPS type liquid crystal display element, the pixel electrode 21 and the common electrode 22 are formed on the same substrate.
- the liquid crystal display element according to the present invention described in detail above has a local dimming method for improving the contrast by controlling the brightness of the backlight unit 100 for each of a plurality of sections smaller than the number of pixels of the liquid crystal. good.
- the plurality of light emitting elements L may be arranged in a planar shape, or may be arranged in a line on one side of the liquid crystal panel 10.
- the light guide unit 102 may include a control layer that controls the amount of light of the backlight for each specific region smaller than the number of pixels of the liquid crystal.
- a liquid crystal element having fewer than the number of pixels of the liquid crystal may be further included, and various existing methods can be used as the liquid crystal element.
- An LCD layer containing is preferable in terms of transmittance.
- the layer containing the (nematic) liquid crystal in which the polymer network is formed (if necessary, the layer containing the (nematic) liquid crystal in which the polymer network is sandwiched between a pair of transparent electrodes) scatters light when the voltage is OFF,
- an LCD layer including a liquid crystal formed with a polymer network partitioned so as to divide the entire display screen into a plurality of partitions, a light guide plate (and / or a light diffusion plate) and a liquid crystal panel Local dimming can be realized by providing it between the substrate on the light source side.
- the liquid crystal display device has a retardation (Re) (25 ° C.) defined by the following formula (1) when a light source part having a main emission peak at 450 nm is used.
- ⁇ n the refractive index anisotropy
- d the cell thickness ( ⁇ m) of the liquid crystal layer of the liquid crystal display element. It is preferably 220 to 300 nm.
- liquid crystal display element that switches transmission of conventional white light including wavelengths in the entire visible light range, and transmission of blue visible light (so-called short wavelength region light) or ultraviolet light of about 500 nm or less that causes excitation of the quantum dots. Since liquid crystal display elements that are switched are different in the optical properties of the transmitted light and the transmitted light, the characteristics and the like required for each element are also different.
- the light source section the polarizing layer, the liquid crystal layer, and the alignment layer, which are the main components of the liquid crystal display element according to the present invention, will be described.
- the light source unit includes a light emitting element that emits ultraviolet or visible light.
- the light-emitting element is not particularly limited with respect to the wavelength region, but preferably has a main light emission peak in the blue region.
- a light emitting diode (blue light emitting diode) having a main light emission peak in a wavelength region of 420 nm or more and 480 nm or less can be suitably used.
- the light-emitting element (or light-emitting diode) according to the present invention is not particularly limited in the wavelength region, but preferably has a main light emission peak in the blue region.
- a light emitting diode having a main emission peak in a wavelength region of 430 nm to 500 nm (420 nm to 480 nm) can be suitably used.
- a known light emitting diode having a main light emission peak in the blue region can be used.
- the stacked semiconductor layer may be configured by stacking a base layer, an n-type semiconductor layer, a light emitting layer, and a p-type semiconductor layer in this order from the substrate side.
- the ultraviolet light source examples include a low-pressure mercury lamp, a medium-pressure mercury lamp, a high-pressure mercury lamp, an ultrahigh-pressure mercury lamp, a carbon arc lamp, an electrodeless lamp, a metal halide lamp, a xenon arc lamp, and an LED.
- L is preferably an LED that generates ultraviolet light other than the LED having the main emission peak in the wavelength region of 420 nm to 480 nm.
- light having an emission center wavelength in the wavelength band of 420 to 480 nm is referred to as blue light
- light having an emission center wavelength in the wavelength band of 500 to 560 nm is referred to as green light
- wavelength of 605 to 665 nm is referred to as red light
- the ultraviolet light in this specification refers to light having an emission center wavelength in a wavelength band of 300 nm or more and less than 420 nm.
- the “half-value width” refers to the width of the peak at the peak height 1 ⁇ 2.
- the polarizing layer according to the present invention is not particularly limited, and a known polarizing plate (polarizing layer) can be used. Examples thereof include a dichroic organic dye polarizer, a coating type polarizing layer, a wire grid type polarizer, or a cholesteric liquid crystal type polarizer.
- the wire grid polarizer is formed on the first substrate, the second substrate, and the color filter, and is formed by any one of nanoimprint method, block copolymer method, E-beam lithography method, and glansing angle deposition method. It is preferable.
- a coating type polarizing layer you may further provide the orientation layer demonstrated by this specification below. Therefore, when the polarizing layer which concerns on this invention is a coating type polarizing layer, it is preferable to have a coating type polarizing layer and an orientation layer.
- liquid crystal layer an alignment layer, and the like, which are components of the liquid crystal panel portion of the liquid crystal display element according to the present invention, will be described.
- the liquid crystal layer according to the present invention has the general formula (i):
- R i1 and R i2 are each independently an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, or 2 to 8 represents an alkenyloxy group,
- a i1 represents a 1,4-phenylene group or trans-1,4-cyclohexylene group, and n i1 represents 0 or 1.
- the liquid crystal layer containing a compound having high reliability with respect to light resistance can be constituted by the above compound, deterioration of the liquid crystal layer due to light from a light source, particularly blue light (from a blue LED) can be suppressed / prevented.
- the retardation of the liquid crystal layer can be adjusted, the decrease in the transmittance of the liquid crystal display element is suppressed or prevented.
- the preferred content of the compound represented by the general formula (i) The lower limit of is 1% by mass, 2% by mass, 3% by mass, 5% by mass, 7% by mass, and 10% by mass with respect to the total amount of the composition of the present invention.
- the upper limit of the preferable content is 95% by mass, 90% by mass, 85% by mass, 80% by mass, 75% by mass, and 70% by mass with respect to the total amount of the composition of the present invention.
- % By mass, 65% by mass, 60% by mass, 55% by mass, 50% by mass, 45% by mass, 40% by mass, 35% by mass, and 30% by mass And 25% by mass.
- the liquid crystal layer according to the present invention particularly preferably contains 10 to 50% by mass of the compound represented by the general formula (i).
- the compound represented by the general formula (i) is preferably a compound selected from the group of compounds represented by the general formulas (i-1) to (i-2).
- the compound represented by the general formula (i-1) is the following compound.
- R i11 and R i12 each independently represent the same meaning as R i1 and R i2 in the general formula (i).
- R i11 and R i12 are preferably a linear alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, a linear alkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and a linear alkenyl group having 2 to 5 carbon atoms. .
- the compound represented by the general formula (i-1) can be used alone, or two or more compounds can be used in combination. There are no particular restrictions on the types of compounds that can be combined, but they are used in appropriate combinations according to the required properties such as solubility at low temperatures, transition temperatures, electrical reliability, and birefringence.
- the kind of the compound used is, for example, one kind as one embodiment of the present invention, two kinds, three kinds, four kinds, and five kinds or more.
- the lower limit of the preferable content is 1% by mass, 2% by mass, 3% by mass, 5% by mass, 7% by mass, and 10% by mass with respect to the total amount of the composition of the present invention.
- the upper limit of the preferable content is 95% by mass, 90% by mass, 85% by mass, 80% by mass, 75% by mass, and 70% by mass with respect to the total amount of the composition of the present invention.
- % by mass 65% by mass, 60% by mass, 55% by mass, 50% by mass, 48% by mass, 45% by mass, 43% by mass, and 40% by mass. 38% by mass, 35% by mass, 33% by mass, 30% by mass, 28% by mass, 25% by mass, 23% by mass, and 20% by mass .
- the lower limit value is high and the upper limit value is preferably high. Moreover, maintaining high T NI of the compositions of the present invention, it is preferred if good composition temperature stability is required is the upper limit value in the lower limit of the above is moderate is moderate. When it is desired to increase the dielectric anisotropy in order to keep the driving voltage low, it is preferable that the lower limit value is low and the upper limit value is low.
- the compound represented by the general formula (i-1) is preferably a compound selected from the group of compounds represented by the general formula (i-1-1).
- the compound represented by the general formula (i-1-1) is a compound selected from the group of compounds represented by the formula (i-1-1.1) to the formula (i-1-1.3). And is preferably a compound represented by formula (i-1-1.2) or formula (i-1-1.3), and particularly represented by formula (i-1-1.3). It is preferable that it is a compound.
- the lower limit of the preferable content of the compound represented by the formula (i-1-1.3) with respect to the total amount of the composition of the present invention is 1% by mass, 2% by mass, 3% by mass 5% by mass, 7% by mass, and 10% by mass.
- the upper limit of the preferable content is 20% by mass, 15% by mass, 13% by mass, 10% by mass, 8% by mass, and 7% by mass with respect to the total amount of the composition of the present invention. % By mass, 6% by mass, 5% by mass, and 3% by mass.
- the compound represented by the general formula (i-1) is a compound selected from the group of compounds represented by the general formula (i-1-2), and the light having a wavelength of 200 to 400 nm in the ultraviolet region as a backlight. Even when it is irradiated, it is preferable in that it has excellent durability and can express a voltage holding ratio.
- R i12 represents the same meaning as in general formula (i-1).
- the lower limit of the preferable content of the compound represented by the formula (i-1-2) with respect to the total amount of the composition of the present invention is 1% by mass, 5% by mass, and 10% by mass. 15% by mass, 17% by mass, 20% by mass, 23% by mass, 25% by mass, 27% by mass, 30% by mass, and 35% by mass.
- the upper limit of the preferable content is 60% by mass, 55% by mass, 50% by mass, 45% by mass, 42% by mass, and 40% by mass with respect to the total amount of the composition of the present invention. % By mass, 38% by mass, 35% by mass, 33% by mass, and 30% by mass.
- the compound represented by the general formula (i-1-2) is a compound selected from the group of compounds represented by the formula (i-1-2.1) to the formula (i-1-2.4).
- it is a compound represented by the formula (i-1-2.2) to the formula (i-1-2.4).
- the compound represented by the formula (i-1-2.2) is preferable because the response speed of the composition of the present invention is particularly improved.
- it is preferable to use a compound represented by the formula (i-1-2.3) or the formula (i-1-2.4).
- the content of the compounds represented by the formulas (i-1-2.3) and (i-1-2.4) is preferably not more than 30% by mass in order to improve the solubility at low temperatures. .
- the lower limit of the preferable content of the compound represented by the formula (i-1-2.2) with respect to the total amount of the composition of the present invention is 10% by mass, 15% by mass, 18% by mass 20% by mass 23% by mass 25% by mass 27% by mass 30% by mass 33% by mass 35% by mass 38% by mass 40% by mass.
- the upper limit of the preferable content is 60% by mass, 55% by mass, 50% by mass, 45% by mass, 43% by mass, and 40% by mass with respect to the total amount of the composition of the present invention. % By mass, 38% by mass, 35% by mass, 32% by mass, 30% by mass, 20% by mass, 15% by mass and 10% by mass.
- the upper limit of the content is preferably 15% by mass, particularly 10% by mass.
- the lower limit of the preferable total content of the compound represented by formula (i-1-1.3) and the compound represented by formula (i-1-2.2) relative to the total amount of the composition of the present invention The values are 10% by weight, 15% by weight, 20% by weight, 25% by weight, 27% by weight, 30% by weight, 35% by weight, and 40% by weight.
- the upper limit of the preferable content is 60% by mass, 55% by mass, 50% by mass, 45% by mass, 43% by mass, and 40% by mass with respect to the total amount of the composition of the present invention. % By mass, 38% by mass, 35% by mass, 32% by mass, 30% by mass, 27% by mass, 25% by mass and 22% by mass.
- the compound represented by the general formula (i-1) is preferably a compound selected from the group of compounds represented by the general formula (i-1-3).
- R i13 and R i14 each independently represent an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms or an alkoxy group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms.
- R i13 and R i14 are preferably a linear alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, a linear alkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and a linear alkenyl group having 2 to 5 carbon atoms. .
- the lower limit of the preferable content of the compound represented by the formula (i-1-3) with respect to the total amount of the composition of the present invention is 1% by mass, 5% by mass, and 10% by mass. 13% by mass, 15% by mass, 17% by mass, 20% by mass, 23% by mass, 25% by mass, and 30% by mass.
- the upper limit of the preferable content is 60% by mass, 55% by mass, 50% by mass, 45% by mass, 40% by mass, and 37% with respect to the total amount of the composition of the present invention. % By mass, 35% by mass, 33% by mass, 30% by mass, 27% by mass, 25% by mass, 23% by mass, 20% by mass, and 17% by mass 15% by mass, 13% by mass, and 10% by mass.
- the compound represented by the general formula (i-1-3) is a compound selected from the group of compounds represented by the formula (i-1-3.1) to the formula (i-1-3.12).
- it is a compound represented by formula (i-1-3.1), formula (i-1-3.3) or formula (i-1-3.4).
- the compound represented by the formula (i-1-3.1) is preferable because the response speed of the composition of the present invention is particularly improved.
- the equation (i-1-3.3), the equation (i-1-3.4), the equation (L-1-3.11), and the equation (i It is preferable to use a compound represented by (1-3.12).
- Sum of compounds represented by formula (i-1-3.3), formula (i-1-3.4), formula (i-1-3.11) and formula (i-1-3.12) The content of is not preferably 20% by mass or more in order to improve the solubility at low temperatures.
- the lower limit of the preferable content of the compound represented by the formula (i-1-3.1) with respect to the total amount of the composition of the present invention is 1% by mass, 2% by mass, 3% by mass 5 mass% 7 mass% 10 mass% 13 mass% 15 mass% 18 mass% 20 mass%
- the upper limit of the preferable content is 20% by mass, 17% by mass, 15% by mass, 13% by mass, 10% by mass, and 8% by mass with respect to the total amount of the composition of the present invention. % By mass, 7% by mass, and 6% by mass.
- the compound represented by the general formula (i-1) is preferably a compound selected from the group of compounds represented by the general formula (i-1-4) and / or (i-1-5).
- R i15 and R i16 each independently represents an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms or an alkoxy group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms.
- R i15 and R i16 are preferably a linear alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, a linear alkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and a linear alkenyl group having 2 to 5 carbon atoms. .
- the lower limit of the preferable content of the compound represented by the formula (i-1-4) with respect to the total amount of the composition of the present invention is 1% by mass, 5% by mass, and 10% by mass. 13 mass%, 15 mass%, 17 mass%, and 20 mass%.
- the upper limit of the preferable content is 25% by mass, 23% by mass, 20% by mass, 17% by mass, 15% by mass, and 13% by mass with respect to the total amount of the composition of the present invention. % By mass, and 10% by mass.
- the lower limit of the preferable content of the compound represented by the formula (i-1-5) with respect to the total amount of the composition of the present invention is 1% by mass, 5% by mass, and 10% by mass. 13 mass%, 15 mass%, 17 mass%, and 20 mass%.
- the upper limit of the preferable content is 25% by mass, 23% by mass, 20% by mass, 17% by mass, 15% by mass, and 13% by mass with respect to the total amount of the composition of the present invention. % By mass, and 10% by mass.
- the compounds represented by the general formulas (i-1-4) and (i-1-5) are represented by the formulas (i-1-4.1) to (i-1-5.3). Are preferably selected from the group of compounds represented by formula (i-1-4.2) or (i-1-5.2).
- the lower limit of the preferable content of the compound represented by the formula (i-1-4.2) with respect to the total amount of the composition of the present invention is 1% by mass, 2% by mass, 3% by mass 5 mass% 7 mass% 10 mass% 13 mass% 15 mass% 18 mass% 20 mass%
- the upper limit of the preferable content is 20% by mass, 17% by mass, 15% by mass, 13% by mass, 10% by mass, and 8% by mass with respect to the total amount of the composition of the present invention. % By mass, 7% by mass, and 6% by mass.
- the compound represented by the general formula (i-1) is preferably a compound selected from the compound group represented by the general formula (i-1-6).
- R i17 and R i18 each independently represent a methyl group or a hydrogen atom.
- the lower limit of the preferable content of the compound represented by the formula (i-1-6) with respect to the total amount of the composition of the present invention is 1% by mass, 5% by mass, and 10% by mass. 15% by mass, 17% by mass, 20% by mass, 23% by mass, 25% by mass, 27% by mass, 30% by mass, and 35% by mass.
- the upper limit of the preferable content is 60% by mass, 55% by mass, 50% by mass, 45% by mass, 42% by mass, and 40% by mass with respect to the total amount of the composition of the present invention. % By mass, 38% by mass, 35% by mass, 33% by mass, and 30% by mass.
- the compound represented by the general formula (i-1-6) is a compound selected from the compound group represented by the formula (i-1-6.1) to the formula (i-1-6.3). Preferably there is.
- the compound represented by the general formula (i-2) is the following compound.
- R i21 and R i22 each independently represent the same meaning as R i1 and R i2 in formula (i)).
- R i21 is preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms or an alkenyl group having 2 to 5 carbon atoms
- R L22 is an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 4 to 5 carbon atoms, or a carbon atom.
- An alkoxy group of 1 to 4 is preferable.
- the compound represented by the general formula (i-2) can be used alone, or two or more compounds can be used in combination. There are no particular restrictions on the types of compounds that can be combined, but they are used in appropriate combinations according to the required properties such as solubility at low temperatures, transition temperatures, electrical reliability, and birefringence.
- the kind of the compound used is, for example, one kind as one embodiment of the present invention, two kinds, three kinds, four kinds, and five kinds or more.
- the lower limit of the preferable content of the compound represented by the formula (i-2) with respect to the total amount of the composition of the present invention is 1% by mass, 2% by mass, 3% by mass, Mass%, 7 mass%, and 10 mass%.
- the upper limit of the preferable content is 20% by mass, 15% by mass, 13% by mass, 10% by mass, 8% by mass, and 7% by mass with respect to the total amount of the composition of the present invention.
- the compound represented by the general formula (i-2) is preferably a compound selected from the group of compounds represented by the formulas (i-2.1) to (i-2.6)
- a compound represented by formula (L-2.1), formula (i-2.3), formula (i-2.4) and formula (i-2.6) is preferred.
- the liquid crystal composition of the present invention includes a compound that is dielectrically negative in addition to the compound represented by the general formula (i) having no dielectric anisotropy ( ⁇ is generally in the range of ⁇ 2 to 2).
- R N11 , R N12 , R N21 , R N22 , R N31 , R N32 , R N41 and R N42 each independently represents an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, or one or two or more non-adjacent —CH 2 — in the alkyl chain having 2 to 8 carbon atoms, each independently A structural moiety having a chemical structure substituted by CH ⁇ CH—, —C ⁇ C—, —O—, —CO—, —COO— or —OCO—, A N11 , A N12 , A N21 , A N22 , A N31 , A N32 , A N41 and A N42 each independently represents (a) a 1,4-cyclohexylene group (one —CH present in this group) 2 or two or more non-adjacent —CH 2 — may be replaced by —O—) and (b) a
- (D) represents a group selected from the group consisting of 1,4-cyclohexenylene groups, and the group (a), the group (b), the group (c) and the group (d) are each a hydrogen atom in the structure Each independently may be substituted with a cyano group, a fluorine atom or a chlorine atom, Z N11 , Z N12 , Z N21 , Z N22 , Z N31 , Z N32 , Z N41 and Z N42 are each independently a single bond, —CH 2 CH 2 —, — (CH 2 ) 4 —, —OCH.
- X N21 represents a hydrogen atom or a fluorine atom
- T N31 represents —CH 2 — or an oxygen atom
- X N41 represents an oxygen atom, a nitrogen atom, or —CH 2 —
- n N41 + n N42 represents an integer of 0 to 3, if a N41 and a N42, Z N41 and Z N42 there are multiple, they differ even for the same Even though it may.
- the compounds represented by the general formulas (N-1), (N-2), (N-3) and (N-4) are preferably compounds whose ⁇ is negative and whose absolute value is larger than 2. .
- R N11 , R N12 , R N21 , R N22 , R N31 , R N32 , R N41 and R N42 Each independently is preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms or an alkenyloxy group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms, An alkyl group having 1 to 5 atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 2 to 5 carbon atoms or an alkenyloxy group having 2 to 5 carbon atoms is preferable, and an alkyl having 1 to 5 carbon atoms is preferred.
- an alkyl group having 2 to 5 carbon atoms More preferably an alkyl group having 2 to 5 carbon atoms, an alkyl group having 2 to 5 carbon atoms or an alkenyl group having 2 to 3 carbon atoms, and an alkenyl group having 3 carbon atoms (propenyl group). Especially preferred There.
- the ring structure to which it is bonded is a phenyl group (aromatic)
- An alkenyl group having 4 to 5 atoms is preferable
- the ring structure to which the alkenyl group is bonded is a saturated ring structure such as cyclohexane, pyran and dioxane
- a straight-chain alkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms and a straight-chain alkenyl group having 2 to 5 carbon atoms are preferred.
- the total of carbon atoms and oxygen atoms, if present is preferably 5 or less, and is preferably linear.
- the alkenyl group is preferably selected from groups represented by any of the formulas (R1) to (R5). (The black dots in each formula represent carbon atoms in the ring structure.)
- a N11 , A N12 , A N21 , A N22 , A N31, and A N32 are preferably aromatic when it is required to increase ⁇ n independently, and in order to improve the response speed, fat
- fat Preferably a trans-1,4-cyclohexylene group, 1,4-phenylene group, 2-fluoro-1,4-phenylene group, 3-fluoro-1,4-phenylene group, 3,5 -Difluoro-1,4-phenylene group, 2,3-difluoro-1,4-phenylene group, 1,4-cyclohexenylene group, 1,4-bicyclo [2.2.2] octylene group, piperidine-1 , 4-diyl group, naphthalene-2,6-diyl group, decahydronaphthalene-2,6-diyl group or 1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene-2,6-diyl group Preferred, it is more preferable that represents the following
- it represents a trans-1,4-cyclohexylene group, a 1,4-cyclohexenylene group or a 1,4-phenylene group.
- Z N11, Z N12, Z N21 , Z N22, Z N31 and Z N32 -CH 2 each independently O -, - CF 2 O - , - CH 2 CH 2 -, - CF 2 CF 2 - or a single bond preferably represents an, -CH 2 O -, - CH 2 CH 2 - or a single bond is more preferable, -CH 2 O-or a single bond is particularly preferred.
- XN21 is preferably a fluorine atom.
- T N31 is preferably an oxygen atom.
- n N11 + n N12 , n N21 + n N22 and n N31 + n N32 are preferably 1 or 2, a combination in which n N11 is 1 and n N12 is 0, a combination in which n N11 is 2 and n N12 is 0, n A combination in which N11 is 1 and n N12 is 1, a combination in which n N11 is 2 and n N12 is 1, a combination in which n N21 is 1 and n N22 is 0, n N21 is 2 and n N22 is n A combination in which n N31 is 1 and n N32 is 0, and a combination in which n N31 is 2 and n N32 is 0 are preferable.
- the lower limit of the preferable content of the compound represented by the formula (N-1) with respect to the total amount of the composition of the present invention is 1% by mass, 10% by mass, 20% by mass, 30% % By mass, 40% by mass, 50% by mass, 55% by mass, 60% by mass, 65% by mass, 70% by mass, 75% by mass, and 80% by mass. It is.
- the upper limit of the preferable content is 95% by mass, 85% by mass, 75% by mass, 65% by mass, 55% by mass, 45% by mass, and 35% by mass, 25% by mass and 20% by mass.
- the lower limit of the preferable content of the compound represented by the formula (N-2) with respect to the total amount of the composition of the present invention is 1% by mass, 10% by mass, 20% by mass, 30% % By mass, 40% by mass, 50% by mass, 55% by mass, 60% by mass, 65% by mass, 70% by mass, 75% by mass, and 80% by mass. It is.
- the upper limit of the preferable content is 95% by mass, 85% by mass, 75% by mass, 65% by mass, 55% by mass, 45% by mass, and 35% by mass, 25% by mass and 20% by mass.
- the lower limit of the preferable content of the compound represented by the formula (N-3) with respect to the total amount of the composition of the present invention is 1% by mass, 10% by mass, 20% by mass, 30% % By mass, 40% by mass, 50% by mass, 55% by mass, 60% by mass, 65% by mass, 70% by mass, 75% by mass, and 80% by mass. It is.
- the upper limit of the preferable content is 95% by mass, 85% by mass, 75% by mass, 65% by mass, 55% by mass, 45% by mass, and 35% by mass, 25% by mass and 20% by mass.
- the lower limit value is preferably low and the upper limit value is preferably low. Moreover, maintaining high T NI of the compositions of the present invention, it is preferred if good composition temperature stability is required a low upper limit lower the lower limit of the above. When it is desired to increase the dielectric anisotropy in order to keep the driving voltage low, it is preferable that the above lower limit value is increased and the upper limit value is high.
- the liquid crystal composition according to the present invention includes a compound represented by general formula (N-1), a compound represented by general formula (N-2), a compound represented by general formula (N-3), and a general formula Among the compounds represented by (N-4), it is preferable to have a compound represented by the general formula (N-1).
- R J1 represents an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, and one or two or more non-adjacent —CH 2 — in the alkyl group are each independently —CH ⁇ CH—, — Optionally substituted by C ⁇ C—, —O—, —CO—, —COO— or —OCO—, n J1 represents 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4;
- a J1 , A J2 and A J3 are each independently (A) 1,4-cyclohexylene group (this is present in the group one -CH 2 - or nonadjacent two or more -CH 2 - may be replaced by -O-.)
- the group (a), the group (b) and the group (c) are each independently selected from the group consisting of cyano group, fluorine atom, chlorine atom, methyl group, trifluoromethyl group or trifluoro May be substituted with a methoxy group
- Z J1 and Z J2 are each independently a single bond, —CH 2 CH 2 —, — (CH 2 ) 4 —, —OCH 2 —, —CH 2 O—, —OCF 2 —, —CF 2 O—, Represents —COO—, —OCO— or —C ⁇ C—
- n J1 is 2, 3 or 4 and a plurality of A J2 are present, they may be the same or different, and n J1 is 2, 3 or 4 and a plurality of Z J1 is present.
- X J1 represents a hydrogen atom, a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a cyano group, a trifluoromethyl group, a fluoromethoxy group, a difluoromethoxy group, a trifluoromethoxy group, or a 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl group.
- R J1 represents an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms, or alkenyloxy having 2 to 8 carbon atoms.
- a group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 2 to 5 carbon atoms or an alkenyloxy group having 2 to 5 carbon atoms is preferable.
- An alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms or an alkenyl group having 2 to 5 carbon atoms is more preferable, an alkyl group having 2 to 5 carbon atoms or an alkenyl group having 2 to 3 carbon atoms is more preferable, and an alkenyl group having 3 carbon atoms. (Propenyl group) is particularly preferred.
- R J1 is preferably an alkyl group when emphasizing reliability, and is preferably an alkenyl group when emphasizing a decrease in viscosity.
- the ring structure to which it is bonded is a phenyl group (aromatic)
- An alkenyl group having 4 to 5 atoms is preferable
- the ring structure to which the alkenyl group is bonded is a saturated ring structure such as cyclohexane, pyran and dioxane
- a straight-chain alkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms and a straight-chain alkenyl group having 2 to 5 carbon atoms are preferred.
- the total of carbon atoms and oxygen atoms, if present is preferably 5 or less, and is preferably linear.
- the alkenyl group is preferably selected from groups represented by any of the formulas (R1) to (R5). (The black dot in each formula represents the carbon atom in the ring structure to which the alkenyl group is bonded.)
- a J1 , A J2 and A J3 are preferably aromatic when it is required to independently increase ⁇ n, and are preferably aliphatic to improve the response speed.
- Z J1 and Z J2 each independently preferably represent —CH 2 O—, —OCH 2 —, —CF 2 O—, —CH 2 CH 2 —, —CF 2 CF 2 — or a single bond, OCH 2 —, —CF 2 O—, —CH 2 CH 2 — or a single bond is more preferred, and —OCH 2 —, —CF 2 O— or a single bond is particularly preferred.
- X J1 is preferably a fluorine atom or a trifluoromethoxy group, and more preferably a fluorine atom.
- n J1 is preferably 0, 1, 2 or 3, preferably 0, 1 or 2, preferably 0 or 1 when emphasizing the improvement of ⁇ , and 1 or 2 when emphasizing TNI. preferable.
- the types of compounds that can be combined are used in combination according to desired properties such as solubility at low temperatures, transition temperatures, electrical reliability, and birefringence.
- desired properties such as solubility at low temperatures, transition temperatures, electrical reliability, and birefringence.
- the content of the compound represented by the general formula (J) is low temperature solubility, transition temperature, electrical reliability, birefringence, process compatibility, dripping marks, image sticking, It is necessary to appropriately adjust according to required performance such as dielectric anisotropy.
- the lower limit of the preferable content of the compound represented by the general formula (J) with respect to the total amount of the composition of the present invention is 1% by mass, 10% by mass, 20% by mass, and 30% by mass. %, 40% by mass, 50% by mass, 55% by mass, 60% by mass, 65% by mass, 70% by mass, 75% by mass, 80% by mass is there.
- the upper limit of the preferable content is, for example, 95% by mass, 85% by mass, 75% by mass, and 65% by mass with respect to the total amount of the composition of the present invention. , 55% by mass, 45% by mass, 35% by mass, and 25% by mass.
- R J1 is preferably an alkyl group when emphasizing reliability, and is preferably an alkenyl group when emphasizing a decrease in viscosity.
- the compound represented by the general formula (M) includes those having the following structure.
- R M1 represents an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, and one or two or more non-adjacent —CH 2 — in the alkyl group are each independently —CH ⁇ CH—, — Optionally substituted by C ⁇ C—, —O—, —CO—, —COO— or —OCO—, n M1 represents 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4;
- a M1 and A M2 are each independently (A) 1,4-cyclohexylene group (this is present in the group one -CH 2 - or nonadjacent two or more -CH 2 - may be replaced by -O- or -S- And (b) a 1,4-phenylene group (one —CH ⁇ present in this group or two or more non-adjacent —CH ⁇ may be replaced by —N ⁇ ).
- a hydrogen atom on the group (a) and the group (b) may be independently substituted with a cyano group, a fluorine atom or a chlorine atom
- Z M1 and Z M2 are each independently a single bond, —CH 2 CH 2 —, — (CH 2 ) 4 —, —OCH 2 —, —CH 2 O—, —OCF 2 —, —CF 2 O—, Represents —COO—, —OCO— or —C ⁇ C—
- n M1 is 2, 3 or 4 and a plurality of A M2 are present, they may be the same or different, and n M1 is 2, 3 or 4 and a plurality of Z M1 is present
- X M1 and X M3 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, a chlorine atom or a fluorine atom
- X M2 represents a hydrogen atom, a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a cyano group, a
- R M1 represents an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms, or an alkenyloxy having 2 to 8 carbon atoms.
- a group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 2 to 5 carbon atoms or an alkenyloxy group having 2 to 5 carbon atoms is preferable.
- An alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms or an alkenyl group having 2 to 5 carbon atoms is more preferable, an alkyl group having 2 to 5 carbon atoms or an alkenyl group having 2 to 3 carbon atoms is more preferable, and an alkenyl group having 3 carbon atoms. (Propenyl group) is particularly preferred.
- R M1 is preferably an alkyl group when emphasizing reliability, and is preferably an alkenyl group when emphasizing a decrease in viscosity.
- the ring structure to which it is bonded is a phenyl group (aromatic)
- An alkenyl group having 4 to 5 atoms is preferable
- the ring structure to which the alkenyl group is bonded is a saturated ring structure such as cyclohexane, pyran and dioxane
- a straight-chain alkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms and a straight-chain alkenyl group having 2 to 5 carbon atoms are preferred.
- the total of carbon atoms and oxygen atoms, if present is preferably 5 or less, and is preferably linear.
- the alkenyl group is preferably selected from groups represented by any of the formulas (R1) to (R5). (The black dot in each formula represents the carbon atom in the ring structure to which the alkenyl group is bonded.)
- a M1 and A M2 are preferably aromatic when it is required to independently increase ⁇ n, and are preferably aliphatic for improving the response speed, and trans-1,4 -Cyclohexylene group, 1,4-phenylene group, 2-fluoro-1,4-phenylene group, 3-fluoro-1,4-phenylene group, 3,5-difluoro-1,4-phenylene group, 2, 3-difluoro-1,4-phenylene group, 1,4-cyclohexenylene group, 1,4-bicyclo [2.2.2] octylene group, piperidine-1,4-diyl group, naphthalene-2,6- It preferably represents a diyl group, decahydronaphthalene-2,6-diyl group or 1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene-2,6-diyl group, and more preferably represents the following structure:
- Z M1 and Z M2 each independently -CH 2 O -, - CF 2 O -, - CH 2 CH 2 -, - CF 2 CF 2 - or preferably a single bond, -CF 2 O-, —CH 2 CH 2 — or a single bond is more preferable, and —CF 2 O— or a single bond is particularly preferable.
- n M1 is preferably 0, 1, 2 or 3, preferably 0, 1 or 2, preferably 0 or 1 when emphasizing the improvement of ⁇ , and 1 or 2 when emphasizing T NI preferable.
- the types of compounds that can be combined are used in combination according to desired properties such as solubility at low temperatures, transition temperatures, electrical reliability, and birefringence.
- desired properties such as solubility at low temperatures, transition temperatures, electrical reliability, and birefringence.
- the content of the compound represented by the general formula (M) is low-temperature solubility, transition temperature, electrical reliability, birefringence, process compatibility, dripping marks, image sticking, It is necessary to appropriately adjust according to required performance such as dielectric anisotropy.
- the lower limit of the preferable content of the compound represented by the formula (M) with respect to the total amount of the liquid crystal composition of the present invention is 1% by mass, 10% by mass, 20% by mass, and 30% by mass. %, 40% by mass, 50% by mass, 55% by mass, 60% by mass, 65% by mass, 70% by mass, 75% by mass, 80% by mass is there.
- the upper limit of the preferable content is, for example, 95% by mass, 85% by mass, 75% by mass, and 65% by mass with respect to the total amount of the liquid crystal composition of the present invention. Yes, 55% by mass, 45% by mass, 35% by mass, and 25% by mass.
- the compound represented by the general formula (K) has the following chemical structure.
- R K1 represents an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, and one or two or more non-adjacent —CH 2 — in the alkyl group are each independently —CH ⁇ CH—, — Optionally substituted by C ⁇ C—, —O—, —CO—, —COO— or —OCO—, n K1 represents 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4;
- a K1 and A K2 are each independently (A) 1,4-cyclohexylene group (this is present in the group one -CH 2 - or nonadjacent two or more -CH 2 - may be replaced by -O- or -S- And (b) a 1,4-phenylene group (one —CH ⁇ present in this group or two or more non-adjacent —CH ⁇ may be replaced by —N ⁇ ).
- a hydrogen atom on the group (a) and the group (b) may be independently substituted with a cyano group, a fluorine atom or a chlorine atom
- Z K1 and Z K2 are each independently a single bond, —CH 2 CH 2 —, — (CH 2 ) 4 —, —OCH 2 —, —CH 2 O—, —OCF 2 —, —CF 2 O—, Represents —COO—, —OCO— or —C ⁇ C—
- n K1 is 2, 3 or 4 and a plurality of A K2 are present, they may be the same or different, and n K1 is 2, 3 or 4 and a plurality of Z K1 is present
- X K1 and X K3 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, a chlorine atom or a fluorine atom
- X K2 represents a hydrogen atom, a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a cyano group, a
- R K1 represents an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms, or alkenyloxy having 2 to 8 carbon atoms.
- a group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 2 to 5 carbon atoms or an alkenyloxy group having 2 to 5 carbon atoms is preferable.
- An alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms or an alkenyl group having 2 to 5 carbon atoms is more preferable, an alkyl group having 2 to 5 carbon atoms or an alkenyl group having 2 to 3 carbon atoms is more preferable, and an alkenyl group having 3 carbon atoms. (Propenyl group) is particularly preferred.
- RK1 is preferably an alkyl group when importance is placed on reliability, and an alkenyl group is preferred when importance is placed on lowering viscosity.
- the ring structure to which it is bonded is a phenyl group (aromatic)
- An alkenyl group having 4 to 5 atoms is preferable
- the ring structure to which the alkenyl group is bonded is a saturated ring structure such as cyclohexane, pyran and dioxane
- a straight-chain alkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms and a straight-chain alkenyl group having 2 to 5 carbon atoms are preferred.
- the total of carbon atoms and oxygen atoms, if present is preferably 5 or less, and is preferably linear.
- the alkenyl group is preferably selected from groups represented by any of the formulas (R1) to (R5). (The black dot in each formula represents the carbon atom in the ring structure to which the alkenyl group is bonded.)
- a K1 and A K2 are preferably aromatic when it is required to independently increase ⁇ n, and are preferably aliphatic for improving the response speed, and trans-1,4 -Cyclohexylene group, 1,4-phenylene group, 2-fluoro-1,4-phenylene group, 3-fluoro-1,4-phenylene group, 3,5-difluoro-1,4-phenylene group, 2, 3-difluoro-1,4-phenylene group, 1,4-cyclohexenylene group, 1,4-bicyclo [2.2.2] octylene group, piperidine-1,4-diyl group, naphthalene-2,6- It preferably represents a diyl group, decahydronaphthalene-2,6-diyl group or 1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene-2,6-diyl group, and more preferably represents the following structure:
- Z K1 and Z K2 are each independently -CH 2 O -, - CF 2 O -, - CH 2 CH 2 -, - CF 2 CF 2 - or preferably a single bond, -CF 2 O-, —CH 2 CH 2 — or a single bond is more preferable, and —CF 2 O— or a single bond is particularly preferable.
- n K1 is preferably 0, 1, 2 or 3, preferably 0, 1 or 2, preferably 0 or 1 when emphasizing the improvement of ⁇ , and 1 or 2 when emphasizing TNI. preferable.
- the types of compounds that can be combined are used in combination according to desired properties such as solubility at low temperatures, transition temperatures, electrical reliability, and birefringence.
- desired properties such as solubility at low temperatures, transition temperatures, electrical reliability, and birefringence.
- the content of the compound represented by the general formula (K) is low temperature solubility, transition temperature, electrical reliability, birefringence, process compatibility, dripping marks, image sticking, It is necessary to appropriately adjust according to required performance such as dielectric anisotropy.
- the lower limit of the preferable content of the compound represented by the general formula (K) with respect to the total amount of the liquid crystal composition of the present invention is 1% by mass, 10% by mass, 20% by mass, and 30%. % By mass, 40% by mass, 50% by mass, 55% by mass, 60% by mass, 65% by mass, 70% by mass, 75% by mass, and 80% by mass. It is.
- the upper limit of the preferable content is, for example, 95% by mass, 85% by mass, 75% by mass, and 65% by mass with respect to the total amount of the composition of the present invention. , 55% by mass, 45% by mass, 35% by mass, and 25% by mass.
- the composition of the liquid crystal composition of the present invention When the composition of the liquid crystal composition of the present invention is kept low and a composition having a high response speed is required, it is preferable to lower the lower limit and lower the upper limit. Moreover, maintaining high T NI of the liquid crystal composition of the present invention, when temperature stability good composition is required for lowering the lower limit of the above, it is preferable to set the upper limit to lower. Further, when it is desired to increase the dielectric anisotropy in order to keep the driving voltage low, it is preferable to increase the upper limit value while increasing the lower limit value.
- the liquid crystal composition of the present invention is represented by the general formula (i) described above as having almost no dielectric anisotropy (compound having ⁇ of ⁇ 2 to 2 and hereinafter sometimes abbreviated as “nonpolar compound”).
- nonpolar compound compound having ⁇ of ⁇ 2 to 2 and hereinafter sometimes abbreviated as “nonpolar compound”.
- nonpolar compound one or two compounds represented by the following general formula (L) are used as the nonpolar compound. It is preferable to contain further.
- the compound represented by the general formula (L) corresponds to a dielectrically neutral compound ( ⁇ value is ⁇ 2 to 2).
- R L1 and R L2 each independently represents an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, and one or two or more non-adjacent —CH 2 — in the alkyl group are each independently Optionally substituted by —CH ⁇ CH—, —C ⁇ C—, —O—, —CO—, —COO— or —OCO—, n L1 represents 0, 1, 2 or 3,
- a L1 , A L2 and A L3 each independently represent (a) a 1,4-cyclohexylene group (one —CH 2 — present in the group or two or more —CH 2 — not adjacent to each other).
- the group (a), the group (b) and the group (c) may be each independently substituted with a cyano group, a fluorine atom or a chlorine atom
- n L1 is 2 or 3 and a plurality of A L2 are present, they may be the same or different, and when n L1 is 2 or 3, and a plurality of Z L2 are present, May be the same or different, but excludes compounds represented by general formulas (N-1), (N-2), (N-3), (J) and (i).
- the compound represented by general formula (L) may be used independently, it can also be used in combination.
- the types of compounds that can be combined but they are used in appropriate combinations according to desired properties such as solubility at low temperatures, transition temperatures, electrical reliability, and birefringence.
- the kind of the compound used is, for example, one kind as one embodiment of the present invention.
- the content of the compound represented by the general formula (L) is low-temperature solubility, transition temperature, electrical reliability, birefringence, process compatibility, dripping marks, image sticking, It is necessary to appropriately adjust according to required performance such as dielectric anisotropy.
- the lower limit of the preferable content of the compound represented by the formula (L) with respect to the total amount of the composition of the present invention is 1% by mass, 10% by mass, 20% by mass, and 30% by mass. 40% by mass 50% by mass 55% by mass 60% by mass 65% by mass 70% by mass 75% by mass 80% by mass .
- the upper limit of the preferable content is 95% by mass, 85% by mass, 75% by mass, 65% by mass, 55% by mass, 45% by mass, and 35% by mass, 25% by mass.
- the lower limit value is high and the upper limit value is preferably high. Moreover, maintaining high T NI of the compositions of the present invention, it is preferable if the temperature stability with good composition is required upper limit higher the lower limit of the above is high. Further, when it is desired to increase the dielectric anisotropy in order to keep the driving voltage low, it is preferable that the above lower limit value is lowered and the upper limit value is low.
- R L1 and R L2 are preferably both alkyl groups, and when importance is placed on reducing the volatility of the compound, it is preferably an alkoxy group, and importance is placed on viscosity reduction. In this case, at least one is preferably an alkenyl group.
- the number of halogen atoms present in the molecule is preferably 0, 1, 2 or 3, preferably 0 or 1, and 1 is preferred when importance is attached to compatibility with other liquid crystal molecules.
- R L1 and R L2 are each a linear alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms or a linear alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms when the ring structure to which R L1 is bonded is a phenyl group (aromatic).
- a phenyl group aromatic
- Alkyl groups, linear alkoxy groups having 1 to 4 carbon atoms and linear alkenyl groups having 2 to 5 carbon atoms are preferred.
- the total of carbon atoms and oxygen atoms, if present, is preferably 5 or less, and is preferably linear.
- the alkenyl group is preferably selected from groups represented by any of the formulas (R1) to (R5). (The black dots in each formula represent carbon atoms in the ring structure.)
- n L1 is preferably 0 when importance is attached to the response speed, 2 or 3 is preferred for improving the upper limit temperature of the nematic phase, and 1 is preferred for balancing these. In order to satisfy the properties required for the composition, it is preferable to combine compounds having different values.
- a L1 , A L2, and A L3 are preferably aromatic when it is required to increase ⁇ n, and are preferably aliphatic for improving the response speed, and are each independently trans- 1,4-cyclohexylene group, 1,4-phenylene group, 2-fluoro-1,4-phenylene group, 3-fluoro-1,4-phenylene group, 3,5-difluoro-1,4-phenylene group 1,4-cyclohexenylene group, 1,4-bicyclo [2.2.2] octylene group, piperidine-1,4-diyl group, naphthalene-2,6-diyl group, decahydronaphthalene-2,6 -It preferably represents a diyl group or a 1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene-2,6-diyl group, and more preferably represents the following structure:
- it represents a trans-1,4-cyclohexylene group or a 1,4-phenylene group.
- Z L1 and Z L2 are preferably single bonds when the response speed is important.
- the compound represented by the general formula (L) preferably has 0 or 1 halogen atom in the molecule.
- the compound represented by the general formula (L) is preferably a compound selected from the group of compounds represented by the general formulas (L-3) to (L-8).
- the compound represented by the general formula (L-3) is the following compound.
- R L31 and R L32 each independently represent the same meaning as R L1 and R L2 in General Formula (L).
- R L31 and R L32 are each independently preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 4 to 5 carbon atoms, or an alkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms.
- the compound represented by the general formula (L-3) can be used alone, or two or more compounds can be used in combination. There are no particular restrictions on the types of compounds that can be combined, but they are used in appropriate combinations according to the required properties such as solubility at low temperatures, transition temperatures, electrical reliability, and birefringence.
- the kind of the compound used is, for example, one kind as one embodiment of the present invention, two kinds, three kinds, four kinds, and five kinds or more.
- the lower limit of the preferable content of the compound represented by the formula (L-3) with respect to the total amount of the composition of the present invention is 1% by mass, 2% by mass, 3% by mass, Mass%, 7 mass%, and 10 mass%.
- the upper limit of the preferable content is 20% by mass, 15% by mass, 13% by mass, 10% by mass, 8% by mass, and 7% by mass with respect to the total amount of the composition of the present invention.
- the effect is high when the content is set to be large.
- the high TNI is emphasized, the effect is high when the content is set low.
- the compound represented by the general formula (L-4) is the following compound.
- R L41 and R L42 each independently represent the same meaning as R L1 and R L2 in General Formula (L).
- R L41 is preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms or an alkenyl group having 2 to 5 carbon atoms
- R L42 is an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 4 to 5 carbon atoms, or a carbon atom.
- An alkoxy group of 1 to 4 is preferable.
- the compound represented by the general formula (L-4) can be used alone, or two or more compounds can be used in combination.
- the kind of the compound used is, for example, one kind as one embodiment of the present invention, two kinds, three kinds, four kinds, and five kinds or more.
- the content of the compound represented by the general formula (L-4) is low-temperature solubility, transition temperature, electrical reliability, birefringence, process compatibility, dripping marks, It is necessary to adjust appropriately according to required performance such as image sticking and dielectric anisotropy.
- the lower limit of the preferable content of the compound represented by the formula (L-4) with respect to the total amount of the composition of the present invention is 1% by mass, 2% by mass, 3% by mass, % By mass, 7% by mass, 10% by mass, 14% by mass, 16% by mass, 20% by mass, 23% by mass, 26% by mass, 30% by mass It is 35% by mass and 40% by mass.
- the upper limit of the preferable content of the compound represented by the formula (L-4) with respect to the total amount of the composition of the present invention is 50% by mass, 40% by mass, 35% by mass, 30% % By mass, 20% by mass, 15% by mass, 10% by mass, and 5% by mass.
- the compound represented by the general formula (L-5) is the following compound.
- R L51 and R L52 each independently represent the same meaning as R L1 and R L2 in the general formula (L).
- R L51 is preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms or an alkenyl group having 2 to 5 carbon atoms
- R L52 is an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 4 to 5 carbon atoms, or a carbon atom.
- An alkoxy group of 1 to 4 is preferable.
- the compound represented by the general formula (L-5) can be used alone, or two or more compounds can be used in combination. There are no particular restrictions on the types of compounds that can be combined, but they are used in appropriate combinations according to the required properties such as solubility at low temperatures, transition temperatures, electrical reliability, and birefringence.
- the kind of the compound used is, for example, one kind as one embodiment of the present invention, two kinds, three kinds, four kinds, and five kinds or more.
- the content of the compound represented by the general formula (L-5) includes solubility at low temperature, transition temperature, electrical reliability, birefringence index, process suitability, dripping marks, It is necessary to adjust appropriately according to required performance such as image sticking and dielectric anisotropy.
- the lower limit of the preferable content of the compound represented by the formula (L-5) with respect to the total amount of the composition of the present invention is 1% by mass, 2% by mass, 3% by mass, % By mass, 7% by mass, 10% by mass, 14% by mass, 16% by mass, 20% by mass, 23% by mass, 26% by mass, 30% by mass It is 35% by mass and 40% by mass.
- the upper limit of the preferable content of the compound represented by the formula (L-5) with respect to the total amount of the composition of the present invention is 50% by mass, 40% by mass, 35% by mass, 30%
- the compound represented by the general formula (L-6) is 5% by mass, 20% by mass, 15% by mass, 10% by mass, and 5% by mass.
- R L61 and R L62 each independently represent the same meaning as R L1 and R L2 in the general formula (L), and X L61 and X L62 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or a fluorine atom.
- R L61 and R L62 are each independently preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms or an alkenyl group having 2 to 5 carbon atoms, and one of X L61 and X L62 is a fluorine atom and the other is a hydrogen atom. Is preferred.
- the compound represented by the general formula (L-6) can be used alone, or two or more compounds can be used in combination. There are no particular restrictions on the types of compounds that can be combined, but they are used in appropriate combinations according to the required properties such as solubility at low temperatures, transition temperatures, electrical reliability, and birefringence.
- the kind of the compound used is, for example, one kind as one embodiment of the present invention, two kinds, three kinds, four kinds, and five kinds or more.
- the lower limit of the preferable content of the compound represented by the formula (L-6) with respect to the total amount of the composition of the present invention is 1% by mass, 2% by mass, 3% by mass, % By mass, 7% by mass, 10% by mass, 14% by mass, 16% by mass, 20% by mass, 23% by mass, 26% by mass, 30% by mass It is 35% by mass and 40% by mass.
- the upper limit of the preferable content of the compound represented by the formula (L-6) with respect to the total amount of the composition of the present invention is 50% by mass, 40% by mass, 35% by mass, 30% % By mass, 20% by mass, 15% by mass, 10% by mass, and 5% by mass.
- the lower limit of the preferable content of these compounds with respect to the total amount of the composition of the present invention is 1% by mass, 2% by mass, 3% by mass, 5% by mass, and 7% by mass. is there.
- the upper limit of preferable content of these compounds is 20% by mass, 15% by mass, 13% by mass, 10% by mass, and 9% by mass.
- the compound represented by the general formula (L-7) is the following compound.
- R L71 and R L72 each independently represent the same meaning as R L1 and R L2 in Formula (L), A L71 and A L72 is A L2 and in the general formula (L) independently A L3 represents the same meaning, but the hydrogen atoms on A L71 and A L72 may be each independently substituted with a fluorine atom, Z L71 represents the same meaning as Z L2 in formula (L), X L71 and X L72 each independently represent a fluorine atom or a hydrogen atom.
- R L71 and R L72 are each independently preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 2 to 5 carbon atoms, or an alkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and
- a L71 and A L72 Are each independently preferably a 1,4-cyclohexylene group or a 1,4-phenylene group, the hydrogen atoms on A L71 and A L72 may be each independently substituted with a fluorine atom, and
- the kind of the compound used is, for example, one kind as one embodiment of the present invention, two kinds, three kinds, and four kinds.
- the content of the compound represented by the general formula (L-7) includes solubility at low temperature, transition temperature, electrical reliability, birefringence index, process suitability, dripping marks, It is necessary to adjust appropriately according to required performance such as image sticking and dielectric anisotropy.
- the lower limit of the preferable content of the compound represented by the formula (L-7) with respect to the total amount of the composition of the present invention is 1% by mass, 2% by mass, 3% by mass, % By mass, 7% by mass, 10% by mass, 14% by mass, 16% by mass, and 20% by mass.
- the upper limit of the preferable content of the compound represented by the formula (L-7) with respect to the total amount of the composition of the present invention is 30% by mass, 25% by mass, 23% by mass, % By mass, 18% by mass, 15% by mass, 10% by mass, and 5% by mass.
- the compound represented by the general formula (L-8) is the following compound.
- R L81 and R L82 each independently represent the same meaning as R L1 and R L2 in General Formula (L), and A L81 represents the same meaning or single bond as A L1 in General Formula (L)).
- each hydrogen atom on A L81 may be independently substituted with a fluorine atom
- X L81 to X L86 each independently represent a fluorine atom or a hydrogen atom.
- R L81 and R L82 are each independently an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group or an alkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms of 2 to 5 carbon atoms preferably, A L81 is 1, A 4-cyclohexylene group or a 1,4-phenylene group is preferable
- the hydrogen atoms on A L71 and A L72 may be each independently substituted with a fluorine atom, and the same in general formula (L-8)
- the number of fluorine atoms in the ring structure is preferably 0 or 1, and the number
- the kind of the compound used is, for example, one kind as one embodiment of the present invention, two kinds, three kinds, and four kinds.
- the content of the compound represented by the general formula (L-8) includes solubility at low temperature, transition temperature, electrical reliability, birefringence, process compatibility, dripping marks, It is necessary to adjust appropriately according to required performance such as image sticking and dielectric anisotropy.
- the lower limit of the preferable content of the compound represented by the formula (L-8) with respect to the total amount of the composition of the present invention is 1% by mass, 2% by mass, 3% by mass, % By mass, 7% by mass, 10% by mass, 14% by mass, 16% by mass, and 20% by mass.
- the upper limit of the preferable content of the compound represented by the formula (L-8) with respect to the total amount of the composition of the present invention is 30% by mass, 25% by mass, 23% by mass, 20% % By mass, 18% by mass, 15% by mass, 10% by mass, and 5% by mass.
- any one of the compounds represented by the general formula (N-1), (N-2), (N-3) or (J) is 0. It is preferable that it is mass%.
- the lower limit value of the total content of the compounds represented by 1) is 80% by mass, 85% by mass, 88% by mass, 90% by mass, and 92% by mass.
- the upper limit of preferable content is 100% by mass, 99% by mass, 98% by mass, and 95% by mass.
- composition of the present invention preferably does not contain a compound having a structure in which oxygen atoms such as a peracid (—CO—OO—) structure are bonded in the molecule.
- the content of the compound having a carbonyl group is preferably 5% by mass or less, preferably 3% by mass or less, based on the total mass of the composition. Is more preferable, and it is still more preferable to set it as 1 mass% or less, and it is most preferable not to contain substantially.
- the content of the compound substituted with chlorine atoms is preferably 15% by mass or less, and preferably 10% by mass or less, based on the total mass of the composition. 8% by mass or less, preferably 5% by mass or less, more preferably 3% by mass or less, and still more preferably substantially not contained.
- the content of a compound in which all the ring structures in the molecule are 6-membered rings is 80% of the total mass of the composition. It is preferably at least 90% by mass, more preferably at least 90% by mass, even more preferably at least 95% by mass, and it is composed of only a compound having substantially all 6-membered ring structures in the molecule. Most preferably it constitutes a product.
- the content of the compound having a cyclohexenylene group as a ring structure, and the content of the compound having a cyclohexenylene group as the total mass of the composition is preferably 10% by mass or less, preferably 8% by mass or less, more preferably 5% by mass or less, and preferably 3% by mass or less, and substantially not contained. Further preferred.
- a hydrogen atom to reduce the content of the compound having the optionally substituted 2-methyl-1,4-diyl group halogen in the molecule is preferably 10% by mass or less, and preferably 8% by mass or less with respect to the total mass of the composition. It is preferably 5% by mass or less, more preferably 3% by mass or less, and still more preferably substantially not contained.
- substantially not contained in the present application means that it is not contained except for an unintentionally contained product.
- the alkenyl group when the compound contained in the composition of the first embodiment of the present invention has an alkenyl group as a side chain, when the alkenyl group is bonded to cyclohexane, the alkenyl group has 2 to 5 carbon atoms.
- the alkenyl group is bonded to benzene, the number of carbon atoms of the alkenyl group is preferably 4 to 5, and the unsaturated bond of the alkenyl group and benzene are directly bonded. Preferably not.
- the average elastic constant (K AVG ) of the liquid crystal composition used in the present invention is preferably 10 to 25, and the lower limit thereof is preferably 10, preferably 10.5, preferably 11 and preferably 11.5.
- 12 is preferable, 12.3 is preferable, 12.5 is preferable, 12.8 is preferable, 13 is preferable, 13.3 is preferable, 13.5 is preferable, 13.8 is preferable, 14 is preferable, 14 .3 is preferred, 14.5 is preferred, 14.8 is preferred, 15 is preferred, 15.3 is preferred, 15.5 is preferred, 15.8 is preferred, 16 is preferred, 16.3 is preferred, 16 .5, 16.8 is preferable, 17 is preferable, 17.3 is preferable, 17.5 is preferable, 17.8 is preferable, and 18 is preferable.
- 25 is preferable, 24.5 is preferable, 24 is preferable, 23.5 is preferable, 23 is preferable, 22.8 is preferable, 22.5 is preferable, 22.3 is preferable, 22 is preferable, and 21.8 is 21.5 is preferred, 21.3 is preferred, 21 is preferred, 20.8 is preferred, 20.5 is preferred, 20.3 is preferred, 20 is preferred, 19.8 is preferred, 19.5 is preferred 19.3 is preferred, 19 is preferred, 18.8 is preferred, 18.5 is preferred, 18.3 is preferred, 18 is preferred, 17.8 is preferred, 17.5 is preferred, 17.3 is preferred 17 is preferable.
- the value of K AVG should be set low. preferable. It is preferable to set a higher value of K AVG in the case of emphasizing improved response speed.
- the composition of the present invention may contain a polymerizable compound in order to produce a liquid crystal display element such as a PS mode, a PSA mode, an NPS mode, a lateral electric field type PSA mode, or a lateral electric field type PSVA mode.
- a polymerizable compound such as a PS mode, a PSA mode, an NPS mode, a lateral electric field type PSA mode, or a lateral electric field type PSVA mode.
- the polymerizable compound that can be used include a photopolymerizable monomer that undergoes polymerization by energy rays such as light.
- the structure has, for example, a liquid crystal skeleton in which a plurality of six-membered rings such as biphenyl derivatives and terphenyl derivatives are connected. Examples thereof include a polymerizable compound. More specifically, the general formula (XX)
- Z 201 represents —OCH 2 —, —CH 2 O—, —COO—, —OCO—, —CF 2 O—, —OCF 2 —, —CH 2 CH 2 —, —CF 2 CF 2 —, —CH ⁇ CH—COO—, —CH ⁇ CH—OCO—, —COO—CH ⁇ CH—, —OCO—CH ⁇ CH—, —COO—CH 2 CH 2 —, —OCO—CH 2 CH 2 —, —CH 2 CH 2 —COO—, —CH 2 CH 2 —, —OCO—CH 2 CH 2 —, —CH 2 CH 2 —COO—, —CH 2 CH 2 —OCO—, —COO—CH 2 CH 2 —, —OCO—CH 2 CH 2 —, —CH 2 CH 2 —COO—, —CH 2 CH 2 —OCO—, —COO—CH 2 CH 2 —, —OCO—CH 2 CH
- X 201 and X 202 are each preferably a diacrylate derivative that represents a hydrogen atom, or a dimethacrylate derivative that has a methyl group, and a compound in which one represents a hydrogen atom and the other represents a methyl group.
- diacrylate derivatives are the fastest, dimethacrylate derivatives are slow, asymmetric compounds are in the middle, and a preferred embodiment can be used depending on the application.
- a dimethacrylate derivative is particularly preferable.
- Sp 201 and Sp 202 each independently represent a single bond, an alkylene group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, or —O— (CH 2 ) s —, but at least one of them is a single bond in a PSA display element.
- a compound in which both represent a single bond or one in which one represents a single bond and the other represents an alkylene group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms or —O— (CH 2 ) s — is preferable.
- 1 to 4 alkyl groups are preferable, and s is preferably 1 to 4.
- Z 201 represents —OCH 2 —, —CH 2 O—, —COO—, —OCO—, —CF 2 O—, —OCF 2 —, —CH 2 CH 2 —, —CF 2 CF 2 — or a single bond
- —COO—, —OCO— or a single bond is more preferred, and a single bond is particularly preferred.
- M 201 represents a 1,4-phenylene group, a trans-1,4-cyclohexylene group or a single bond in which any hydrogen atom may be substituted by a fluorine atom, but the 1,4-phenylene group or the single bond is preferable.
- C represents a ring structure other than a single bond
- Z 201 is preferably a linking group other than a single bond.
- M 201 is a single bond
- Z 201 is preferably a single bond.
- the ring structure between Sp 201 and Sp 202 is specifically preferably the structure described below.
- both ends shall be bonded to Sp 201 or Sp 202.
- the polymerizable compounds containing these skeletons are optimal for PSA-type liquid crystal display elements because of the alignment regulating power after polymerization, and a good alignment state can be obtained, so that display unevenness is suppressed or does not occur at all.
- general formula (XX-1) to general formula (XX-4) are particularly preferable, and among them, general formula (XX-2) is most preferable.
- the content is preferably 0.01% by mass to 5% by mass, more preferably 0.05% by mass to 3% by mass, and The content is preferably 1% by mass to 2% by mass.
- the polymerization proceeds even when no polymerization initiator is present, but may contain a polymerization initiator in order to accelerate the polymerization.
- the polymerization initiator include benzoin ethers, benzophenones, acetophenones, benzyl ketals, acylphosphine oxides, and the like.
- the liquid crystal display element of the present invention may have the alignment layer 4, but without providing the alignment layer, a spontaneous alignment agent is added to the liquid crystal composition constituting the liquid crystal layer according to the present invention. It is possible to include liquid crystal without an alignment film, or to align it using a solvent-soluble alignment polyimide, or to align the liquid crystal with a photo-alignment film, particularly a non-polyimide-based photo-alignment film.
- the display element is preferable because it is easy to manufacture.
- the liquid crystal composition according to the present invention preferably contains a spontaneous alignment agent.
- the spontaneous alignment agent can control the alignment direction of the liquid crystal molecules contained in the liquid crystal composition constituting the liquid crystal layer. It is considered that the alignment direction of the liquid crystal molecules can be controlled by accumulating or adsorbing the components of the spontaneous alignment agent at the interface of the liquid crystal layer. Thereby, when a spontaneous alignment agent is included in the liquid crystal composition, the alignment layer of the liquid crystal panel can be eliminated.
- the content of the spontaneous alignment agent in the liquid crystal composition according to the present invention is preferably 0.1 to 10% by mass in the whole liquid crystal composition. Further, the spontaneous alignment agent in the liquid crystal composition according to the present invention may be used in combination with the polymerizable compound.
- the spontaneous alignment agent has a polar group and a mesogenic group, and preferably has a polymerizable group if necessary.
- the above mesogenic group means a group capable of inducing the behavior of the liquid crystal phase, but the surface modifying compound containing the mesogenic group does not necessarily need to exhibit the liquid crystal phase itself.
- the “mesogenic group” is a group that easily induces structural order, and typically includes a rigid portion such as a cyclic group such as an aromatic ring.
- the “liquid crystal phase” herein refers to a phase having both the fluidity of liquid and the anisotropy of crystal, and examples thereof include nematic liquid crystal, smectic liquid crystal, and cholesteric liquid crystal.
- the shape of the mesogenic group and the shape of the molecule of the surface modification compound in the surface modification compound according to the present invention are not particularly limited, and are rod-shaped, disk-shaped, banana-shaped, L-shaped, T-shaped, or cyclodextrin , Inclusion type such as calixarene or cucurbituril, and the like, but a shape capable of inducing liquid crystal phase behavior is more preferable.
- the polymerizable group is preferably represented by the following general formula (P-1) to general formula (P-15).
- the polar group is preferably an atomic group of a polar element having a heteroatom (a state where charges are separated), and includes a heteroatom such as N, O, S, P, B and Si in the structure. It is more preferable that the atomic group is. Further, the polar group according to the present invention may be either a cyclic structure atomic group including a polar element having a hetero atom or a linear or branched structure atomic group including a polar element having a hetero atom.
- the valence of the polar element having the hetero atom is not particularly limited, such as monovalent, divalent, trivalent, etc., and the number of the polar element having the hetero atom is also particularly limited. There is no.
- the polar element having a hetero atom includes a nitrogen-containing group; a cyano group (—CN), a primary amino group (—NH 2 ), a secondary amino group (—NH—), a tertiary amino group ( —NRR ′; wherein R and R ′ are alkyl groups), pyridyl groups, oxygen-containing groups; hydroxyl groups (—OH), alkoxy groups (—OR; where R is an alkyl group), formyl groups (—CHO), carboxyls A group (—COOH), an ether group (—R a ′ OR a ′′ —, where R a ′ and R a ′′ are an alkylene group or an alkenylene group), a ketone group (—R a ′ C ( ⁇ O) R a ′′ —; where R a ′ and R a ′′ are an alkylene group or an alkenylene group), a carbonate group (—O—C ( ⁇ O) —O—),
- the spontaneous alignment agent is preferably the following general formula (al-1) and / or general formula (al-2).
- R al1 represents a hydrogen atom, a halogen, a straight chain, branched or cyclic alkyl having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, wherein in the alkyl group, one or two or more non-adjacent CH 2 The group is substituted by —O—, —S—, —CO—, —CO—O—, —O—CO—, —O—CO—O— so that the O and / or S atoms are not directly bonded to each other.
- one or more hydrogen atoms may be
- Spal1 , Spal2 and Spal3 each independently represent an alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms or a single bond
- Xal1 , Xal2 and Xal3 each independently represent an alkyl group, an acrylic group, a methacrylic group or a vinyl group
- Z al1 is —O—, —S—, —CO— , —CO—O— , —OCO— , —O—CO—O—, —OCH 2 —, —CH 2 O—, —SCH 2 —, —CH 2 S—, —CF 2 O—, —OCF 2 —, —CF 2 S—, —SCF 2 —, — (CH 2 ) n al —, —CF 2 CH 2 —, —CH 2 CF 2 — , — (CF 2 ) n al —, —CH ⁇ CH—, —CF ⁇ CF—, —C ⁇ C—, —CH ⁇ CH— CO
- na1 -, - CH (-Sp al1 -X al1) -, - CH 2 CH (-Sp al1 -X al1) -, - CH (-Sp al1 -X al1) CH (- Sp al1 -X al1 )- L al1 , L al2 and L al3 are each independently a hydrogen atom, fluorine atom, chlorine atom, bromine atom, iodine
- Z i1 and Z i2 are each independently a single bond, —CH ⁇ CH—, —CF ⁇ CF—, —C ⁇ C—, —COO—, —OCO—, —OCOO—, —OOCO.
- a AL21 and Aa 122 each independently represents a divalent 6-membered ring aromatic group or a divalent 6-membered ring aliphatic group, a divalent unsubstituted 6-membered ring aromatic group, a divalent An unsubstituted 6-membered cycloaliphatic group or a hydrogen atom in these ring structures is unsubstituted or substituted with an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, or a halogen atom It is preferable that a divalent unsubstituted 6-membered
- R al21 represents a hydrogen atom, a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a halogenated alkyl group, or P i1 —Sp i1 —
- —CH 2 — in the alkyl group represents —O —, —OCO—, or —COO— is preferable (where —O— is not continuous), more preferably a hydrogen atom, a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms, or P i1 —.
- Sp i1 — represents —CH 2 — in the alkyl group represents —O— or —OCO— (however, —O— is not continuous).
- K i1 represents a substituent represented by the following general formula (K-1) to general formula (K-11),
- P i1 represents a polymerizable group, and represents a substituent selected from the group represented by the following general formulas (P-1) to (P-15) (in the formula, the black dot on the right end represents a bond). To express.),
- Z ii1 is at least —CH 2 —CH 2 COO—, —OCOCH 2 —CH 2 —, —CH 2 Including —CH (CH 3 ) COO—, —OCOCH (CH 3 ) —CH 2 —, —OCH 2 CH 2 O—,
- m iii1 represents an integer of 1 to 5
- m iii2 represents an integer of 1 to 5
- G i1 represents a divalent, trivalent or tetravalent branched structure, or a divalent, trivalent or tetravalent aliphatic or aromatic ring structure;
- R bl1 represents a linear alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms
- R bl2 and R bl3 each independently represents a hydrogen atom or 1 to 3 carbon atoms.
- L bl1 and L bl1 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or a linear alkyl group having 1 to 7 carbon atoms.
- composition in the present invention can further contain a compound represented by the general formula (Q).
- RQ represents a straight-chain alkyl group or a branched-chain alkyl group having 1 to 22 carbon atoms, and one or more CH 2 groups in the alkyl group are —O—so that oxygen atoms are not directly adjacent to each other.
- MQ represents a trans-1,4-cyclohexylene group, a 1,4
- the compound represented by the general formula (Q) is preferably a compound represented by the following general formula (Qa) to general formula (Qd).
- R Q1 is preferably a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms
- R Q2 is preferably a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms
- R Q3 is A straight-chain alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, a branched-chain alkyl group, a straight-chain alkoxy group or a branched-chain alkoxy group is preferred
- L Q is preferably a straight-chain alkylene group or branched-chain alkylene group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms.
- compounds represented by general formula (Qa) to general formula (Qd) compounds represented by general formula (Qc) and general formula (Qd) are more preferable.
- the compound represented by the general formula (Q) preferably contains one or two kinds, more preferably contains 1 to 5 kinds, and the content thereof is from 0.001.
- the content is preferably 1% by mass, more preferably 0.001 to 0.1% by mass, and particularly preferably 0.001 to 0.05% by mass.
- antioxidants or light stabilizers are preferred as antioxidants or light stabilizers that can be used in the present invention.
- composition of the present invention preferably contains one or more compounds represented by general formula (Q) or compounds selected from general formulas (III-1) to (III-38). It is more preferable to contain 5 types, and the content is preferably 0.001 to 1% by mass, more preferably 0.001 to 0.1% by mass, and 0.001 to 0.05% by mass. Particularly preferred.
- the polymerizable compound contained therein is polymerized by ultraviolet irradiation to impart liquid crystal alignment ability, and the amount of transmitted light is controlled using the birefringence of the composition. Used for liquid crystal display elements.
- the liquid crystal composition of the present invention contains a polymerizable compound
- an appropriate polymerization rate is desirable for obtaining a good alignment performance of the liquid crystal as a method for polymerizing the polymerizable compound, such as ultraviolet rays or electron beams.
- ultraviolet rays are used, a polarized light source or a non-polarized light source may be used.
- the polymerization is carried out in a state where the polymerizable compound-containing composition is sandwiched between two substrates, at least the substrate on the irradiated surface side must be given adequate transparency to the active energy rays. Don't be.
- the orientation state of the unpolymerized part is changed by changing conditions such as an electric field, a magnetic field, or temperature, and further irradiation with active energy rays is performed. Then, it is possible to use a means for polymerization.
- a means for polymerization In particular, when ultraviolet exposure is performed, it is preferable to perform ultraviolet exposure while applying an alternating electric field to the polymerizable compound-containing composition.
- the alternating electric field to be applied is preferably an alternating current having a frequency of 10 Hz to 10 kHz, more preferably a frequency of 60 Hz to 10 kHz, and the voltage is selected depending on a desired pretilt angle of the liquid crystal display element.
- the pretilt angle of the liquid crystal display element can be controlled by the applied voltage.
- the pretilt angle is preferably controlled from 80 degrees to 89.9 degrees from the viewpoint of alignment stability and contrast.
- the temperature during irradiation is preferably within a temperature range in which the liquid crystal state of the composition of the present invention is maintained. Polymerization is preferably performed at a temperature close to room temperature, that is, typically at a temperature of 15 to 35 ° C.
- a lamp for generating ultraviolet rays a metal halide lamp, a high-pressure mercury lamp, an ultra-high pressure mercury lamp, or the like can be used.
- a wavelength of the ultraviolet-ray to irradiate it is preferable to irradiate the ultraviolet-ray of the wavelength range which is not the absorption wavelength range of a composition, and it is preferable to cut and use an ultraviolet-ray as needed.
- Intensity of ultraviolet irradiation is preferably from 0.1mW / cm2 ⁇ 100W / cm 2 , 2mW / cm 2 ⁇ 50W / cm 2 is more preferable.
- the amount of energy of ultraviolet rays to be irradiated can be adjusted as appropriate, but is preferably 10 mJ / cm 2 to 500 J / cm 2, and more preferably 100 mJ / cm 2 to 200 J / cm 2.
- the intensity may be changed.
- the time for irradiating with ultraviolet rays is appropriately selected depending on the intensity of the irradiating ultraviolet rays.
- an appropriate polymerization rate is desirable in order to obtain good alignment performance of liquid crystals. Therefore, active energy rays such as ultraviolet rays or electron beams are irradiated singly or in combination or sequentially.
- the method of polymerizing by is preferred.
- ultraviolet rays When ultraviolet rays are used, a polarized light source or a non-polarized light source may be used.
- the polymerization is carried out in a state where the polymerizable compound-containing composition is sandwiched between two substrates, at least the substrate on the irradiated surface side must be given adequate transparency to the active energy rays. Don't be.
- the orientation state of the unpolymerized part is changed by changing conditions such as an electric field, a magnetic field, or temperature, and further irradiation with active energy rays is performed. Then, it is possible to use a means for polymerization.
- a means for polymerization In particular, when ultraviolet exposure is performed, it is preferable to perform ultraviolet exposure while applying an alternating electric field to the polymerizable compound-containing composition.
- the alternating electric field to be applied is preferably an alternating current having a frequency of 10 Hz to 10 kHz, more preferably a frequency of 60 Hz to 10 kHz, and the voltage is selected depending on a desired pretilt angle of the liquid crystal display element.
- the pretilt angle of the liquid crystal display element can be controlled by the applied voltage.
- the pretilt angle is preferably controlled from 80 degrees to 89.9 degrees from the viewpoint of alignment stability and contrast.
- the temperature during irradiation is preferably within a temperature range in which the liquid crystal state of the composition of the present invention is maintained. Polymerization is preferably performed at a temperature close to room temperature, that is, typically at a temperature of 15 to 35 ° C.
- a lamp for generating ultraviolet rays a metal halide lamp, a high-pressure mercury lamp, an ultra-high pressure mercury lamp, or the like can be used.
- a wavelength of the ultraviolet-ray to irradiate it is preferable to irradiate the ultraviolet-ray of the wavelength range which is not the absorption wavelength range of a composition, and it is preferable to cut and use an ultraviolet-ray as needed.
- Intensity of ultraviolet irradiation is preferably from 0.1mW / cm 2 ⁇ 100W / cm 2, 2mW / cm 2 ⁇ 50W / cm 2 is more preferable.
- the amount of energy of ultraviolet rays to be irradiated can be adjusted as appropriate, but is preferably 10 mJ / cm 2 to 500 J / cm 2, and more preferably 100 mJ / cm 2 to 200 J / cm 2.
- the intensity may be changed.
- the time for irradiating with ultraviolet rays is appropriately selected depending on the intensity of the irradiating ultraviolet rays.
- the liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal layer 5 are aligned on the surface in contact with the liquid crystal composition between the first substrate and the second substrate. It may be provided. In a liquid crystal display element that requires an alignment layer, it is arranged between the light conversion layer and the liquid crystal layer. Even if the alignment layer is thick, it is as thin as 100 nm or less and constitutes the light conversion layer. It does not completely block the interaction between the dyes such as nanocrystals and pigments and the liquid crystal compound constituting the liquid crystal layer.
- the interaction between the light-emitting nanocrystals constituting the light conversion layer, pigments such as pigments, and the liquid crystal compound constituting the liquid crystal layer becomes greater.
- the alignment layer according to the present invention is preferably at least one selected from the group consisting of a rubbing alignment layer and a photo alignment layer.
- a rubbing alignment layer there is no particular limitation, and a known polyimide-based alignment layer can be suitably used.
- rubbing alignment layer material transparent organic materials such as polyimide, polyamide, BCB (Penzocyclobutene Polymer), polyvinyl alcohol and the like can be used, and in particular, p-phenylenediamine, 4,4′-diaminodiphenyl.
- Diamines such as aliphatic or alicyclic diamines such as methane and butanetetracarboxylic anhydride, aliphatic or alicyclic tetracarboxylic anhydrides such as 2,3,5-tricarboxycyclopentylacetic anhydride, pyromellitic acid
- a polyimide alignment layer obtained by imidizing a polyamic acid synthesized from an aromatic tetracarboxylic anhydride such as dianhydride is preferable. When used for a vertical alignment layer or the like, it can also be used without imparting alignment.
- the alignment layer according to the present invention is a photo-alignment layer, it may be one containing at least one photoresponsive molecule.
- the photoresponsive molecule is a photoresponsive dimerization-type molecule that forms a cross-linked structure by dimerization in response to light, and is a photoresponsive molecule that isomerizes in response to light and is oriented substantially perpendicular or parallel to the polarization axis.
- At least one selected from the group consisting of an isomerized molecule and a photoresponsive decomposable polymer in which a polymer chain is cleaved in response to light is preferred, and the photoresponsive isomerized molecule is sensitive and has an orientation regulating ability. This is particularly preferable.
- the light used when isomerizing in response to light and oriented substantially perpendicular to the polarization axis is preferably 200 to 500 nm, and preferably 300 to 500 nm. It is more preferable that the thickness is 300 to 400 nm.
- the weight average molecular weight of the photoresponsive isomerization polymer according to the present invention is preferably 10,000 to 800,000, more preferably 10,000 to 400,000, still more preferably 50,000 to 400,000, and 50,000 to 300,000. It is particularly preferred that
- the weight average molecular weight (Mw) is obtained as a result of GPC (Gel Permeation Chromatography) measurement.
- the present invention will be specifically described by way of examples. However, the present invention is not limited only to the following examples. Note that all the materials used in the examples were those in which nitrogen gas was introduced and dissolved oxygen was replaced with nitrogen gas.
- the operation for producing the luminescent nanocrystal and the operation for producing the ink were carried out in a glove box filled with nitrogen, or in a flask under a nitrogen stream while blocking the atmosphere.
- IBA manufactured by MIWON EOEOA: manufactured by MIWON HEA: manufactured by Kanto Chemical Co., Ltd.
- DPGDA manufactured by MIWON GTA: manufactured by Toagosei Co., Ltd.
- TMETA manufactured by Shin-Nakamura Chemical Co., Ltd.
- HDDMA manufactured by Shin-Nakamura Chemical Industrial Co., Ltd.
- the precipitated indium laurate in the solution (ODE mixture) is heated to about 90 ° C. to be transparent. After forming the solution, the desired amount was weighed and used.
- Trioctylphosphine oxide (TOPO) 5 g, indium acetate 1.46 g (5 mmol) and lauric acid 3.16 g (15.8 mmol) were added to the reaction flask to obtain a mixture.
- the mixture was heated at 160 ° C. for 40 minutes under a nitrogen (N 2 ) environment, and then heated at 250 ° C. for 20 minutes under vacuum. Subsequently, the reaction temperature (temperature of the mixture) was raised to 300 ° C. under a nitrogen (N 2 ) environment.
- a hexane dispersion of InP nanocrystal particles obtained above and an indium laurate solution were charged into a reaction flask to obtain a mixture.
- the amounts of the hexane dispersion of InP nanocrystal particles and the indium laurate solution were adjusted to 0.5 g (25 mg for InP nanocrystal particles) and 5 g (178 mg for indium laurate), respectively.
- the inside of the flask was returned to normal pressure with nitrogen gas, the temperature of the mixture was raised to 230 ° C., and maintained at that temperature for 2 hours to remove hexane from the inside of the flask. .
- InP core InP nanocrystal particles
- InP core InP nanocrystal particles
- the obtained InP nanocrystal particles (InP core) were dispersed in hexane to obtain a dispersion liquid (hexane dispersion liquid) containing 5% by mass of InP nanocrystal particles (InP core).
- the reaction mixture is cooled to room temperature, and the resulting white precipitate is removed by centrifugation, whereby a transparent nanocrystal particle dispersion (InP / ZnSeS) in which red light-emitting InP / ZnSeS / ZnS nanocrystal particles are dispersed is obtained. / ODE dispersion of ZnS nanocrystal particles).
- nanocrystal particles (InP / ZnSeS / ZnS nanocrystal particles modified with the organic ligands) were obtained by decanting the supernatant and drying under vacuum.
- the content of the organic ligand in the total amount of the nanocrystal particles modified with the organic ligand was 30% by mass.
- the obtained nanocrystal particles (InP / ZnSeS / ZnS nanocrystal particles modified with the above-mentioned organic ligand) are dispersed in EOEOA so that the content in the dispersion is 34.5% by mass, thereby emitting red light.
- a nanocrystal dispersion 1 was obtained.
- the content of EOEOA in the dispersion was 65.5% by mass.
- a nanocrystal dispersion 2 for red light emission was obtained in the same manner as described above except that HDDMA was used instead of EOEOA. Further, a red light emitting nanocrystal dispersion 3 was obtained in the same manner as described above except that DPGDA was used instead of EOEOA.
- InP core InP nanocrystal particles
- hexane dispersion liquid containing 5% by mass of InP nanocrystal particles
- the reaction temperature was maintained at 80 ° C. for 10 minutes. The temperature was then raised to 140 ° C. and held for 30 minutes.
- a ZnS precursor solution obtained by dissolving 69 mg of diethylzinc and 66 mg of hexamethyldisilathian in 2 ml of ODE was dropped to form a 2 monolayer ZnS shell.
- the reaction was stopped by removing the heater.
- reaction mixture is cooled to room temperature, and the resulting white precipitate is removed by centrifugation, whereby a transparent nanocrystal particle dispersion liquid (ODE dispersion liquid) in which green light-emitting InP / ZnSeS / ZnS nanocrystal particles are dispersed is obtained.
- ODE dispersion liquid transparent nanocrystal particle dispersion liquid
- nanocrystal particles (InP / ZnSeS / ZnS nanocrystal particles modified with the organic ligands) were obtained by decanting the supernatant and drying under vacuum.
- the content of the organic ligand in the total amount of the nanocrystal particles modified with the organic ligand was 35% by mass.
- a nanocrystal dispersion 2 for green light emission was obtained in the same manner as above except that HDDMA was used instead of EOEOA. Further, a nanocrystal dispersion 3 for green light emission was obtained in the same manner as above except that DPGDA was used instead of EOEOA.
- titanium oxide (trade name: CR-60-2, manufactured by Ishihara Sangyo Co., Ltd., average particle diameter (volume average diameter): 210 nm) was 33.0 g
- a polymer dispersant (Proufactured by Ajinomoto Fine Techno Co., Ltd.) and 1.00 g of DPGDA were mixed with 26.0 g, and zirconia beads (diameter: 1.25 mm) were added to the resulting mixture.
- the mixture was dispersed by shaking for 2 hours using a conditioner, and the light diffusing particle dispersion 1 (titanium oxide content: 55% by mass) was obtained by removing the zirconia beads with a polyester mesh filter.
- the content of DPGDA in the dispersion was 43.3% by mass.
- a light diffusing particle dispersion 2 was obtained in the same manner as described above except that TMETA was used instead of DPGDA. Further, a light diffusing particle dispersion 3 was obtained in the same manner as described above except that GTA was used instead of DPGDA. Further, a light diffusing particle dispersion 4 was obtained in the same manner as above except that HDDMA was used instead of DPGDA. Further, a light diffusing particle dispersion 5 was obtained in the same manner as described above except that HEA was used instead of DPGDA.
- Example 2 An ink composition 2 was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the light diffusing particle dispersion 2 was used instead of the light diffusing particle dispersion 1.
- Example 3 Ink composition 3 was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that red light-emitting nanocrystal dispersion 1 was used instead of red light-emitting nanocrystal dispersion 1.
- Example 4 Except for using the red light emitting nanocrystal dispersion 2 in place of the red light emitting nanocrystal dispersion 1 and using the light diffusing particle dispersion 3 in place of the light diffusing particle dispersion 1 Ink composition 4 was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1.
- Example 5 Except for using the red light emitting nanocrystal dispersion 3 in place of the red light emitting nanocrystal dispersion 1 and using the light diffusing particle dispersion 4 in place of the light diffusing particle dispersion 1 Ink composition 5 was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1.
- Green Ink Composition (Inkjet Ink)] Green light emitting nanocrystal dispersion 1 6.83 g, light diffusion particle dispersion 1 2.82 g, photopolymerization initiator ethyl phenyl (2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl) phosphinate (IGM resin) (Product name: Omnirad TPO-L) 0.35 g was uniformly mixed in a container filled with nitrogen gas, and the mixture was filtered through a filter having a pore size of 5 ⁇ m in a glove box. Furthermore, nitrogen gas was introduced into a container containing the obtained filtrate, and the inside of the container was saturated with nitrogen gas. Next, the ink composition 7 was obtained by removing the nitrogen gas under reduced pressure.
- IGM resin photopolymerization initiator ethyl phenyl (2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl) phosphinate
- Example 7 An ink composition 8 was prepared in the same manner as in Example 6 except that the light diffusing particle dispersion 2 was used instead of the light diffusing particle dispersion 1.
- Example 8 An ink composition 9 was prepared in the same manner as in Example 6 except that the green light emitting nanocrystal dispersion 2 was used in place of the green light emitting nanocrystal dispersion 1.
- Example 9 Example except that the green light emitting nanocrystal dispersion 2 was used in place of the green light emitting nanocrystal dispersion 1 and the light diffusing particle dispersion 3 was used in place of the light diffusing particle dispersion 1.
- Ink composition 10 was prepared in the same manner as in Example 6.
- Example 10 Except for using the green light emitting nanocrystal dispersion 3 in place of the green light emitting nanocrystal dispersion 1 and using the light diffusing particle dispersion 4 in place of the light diffusing particle dispersion 1 Ink composition 11 was prepared in the same manner as in Example 6.
- the ink compositions of Examples 1 to 10 were evaluated for curability. Specifically, each ink composition was applied on a glass substrate (slide glass) with a spin coater so as to have a film thickness of 4 ⁇ m. The obtained film was placed in a nitrogen substitution box, the nitrogen substitution box was filled with nitrogen, and the film was irradiated with ultraviolet rays at an exposure dose of 500 mJ / cm 2 . Subsequently, the surface of the layer after ultraviolet irradiation was rubbed with a cotton swab, and the curability was evaluated according to the following criteria. The results are shown in Tables 2-4.
- a layer (light conversion layer) made of a cured product of the ink composition could be formed on the glass substrate.
- E (Blue), P1 (Red), and P2 (Grenn) represent the following, respectively.
- Quantaurus-QY Quantaurus-QY manufactured by Hamamatsu Photonics. Specifically, first, 4000 ⁇ l of PGMEA (propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate) was put in a dedicated cell, and then 12 ⁇ l of the ink composition of Example 1 was added to prepare a measurement sample. The measurement samples of Examples 2 to 10 were prepared in the same manner except that the ink compositions of Examples 2 to 10 were used instead of the ink composition of Example 1, respectively. Next, the quantum yield (QY) of the ink compositions of Examples 1 to 10 was measured using the measurement samples of Examples 1 to 10.
- PGMEA propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate
- the quantum yield (QY) of the ink compositions (red ink compositions) of Examples 1 to 5 was evaluated.
- the evaluation criteria are as follows.
- the results are shown in Tables 2 and 3. A: 60% or more B: 50% or more and less than 60% C: less than 50%
- the quantum yield (QY) of the ink compositions (green ink compositions) of Examples 6 to 10 was evaluated.
- the evaluation criteria are as follows. The results are shown in Table 4. A: 50% or more B: 40% or more and less than 50% C: less than 40%
- the first monomer represents the ethylenically unsaturated monomer contained in the luminescent nanocrystal dispersion
- the second monomer represents the ethylenically unsaturated monomer contained in the light diffusion particle dispersion.
- red light-emitting nanocrystal particle dispersion indicates “red light-emitting nanocrystal dispersion”
- green light-emitting nanocrystal particle dispersion indicates “green light-emitting nanocrystal dispersion”.
- Light scattering particle dispersion indicates “light diffusion particle dispersion”.
- Reference Example 2 (Adjustment example of mill base 2 containing green light emitting quantum dots) InP / ZnS quantum dots (manufactured by SIGMA-ALDRICH, product number: 767793-5 mg / mL) 10000 parts by mass of a toluene solution containing 50 parts by mass of solids (solid content 0.5% by mass), 45 parts by mass of phenoxyethyl acrylate, amine After 5 parts by mass of an acrylic polymer dispersion having a value of 40 mg KOH (“EFKA-PX4701” manufactured by BASF) was stirred and mixed with a stirrer for 1 hour, the pressure was reduced to remove toluene. The solution was treated with a bead mill for 4 hours to prepare a mill base.
- SIGMA-ALDRICH product number: 767793-5 mg / mL
- Reference Example 3 (Example of adjustment of mill base 3 containing light diffusing particles)
- Acrylic polymer dispersion (“EFKA-PX4701” manufactured by BASF) with 60 parts by mass of light diffusing particles (titanium oxide “TTO-55 (D)” manufactured by Ishihara Sangyo Co., Ltd.), 34 parts by mass of dipropylene glycol diacrylate and 40 mg KOH amine value “) 6 parts by mass were stirred and mixed with a stirrer for 1 hour. The solution was treated with a bead mill for 4 hours to prepare a mill base.
- EKA-PX4701 manufactured by BASF
- TTO-55 (D) manufactured by Ishihara Sangyo Co., Ltd.
- KOH amine value “) 6 parts by mass were stirred and mixed with a stirrer for 1 hour.
- the solution was treated with a bead mill for 4 hours to prepare a mill base.
- Example 11 Adjustment of red light emitting quantum dot ink> 30 parts by mass of dipropylene glycol diacrylate, 3 parts by mass of polymerization initiator 1 (“Irgacure 819” manufactured by BASF), 4 parts by mass of polymerization initiator 2 (“Irgacure TPO” manufactured by BASF), polymerization initiator (manufactured by Lambson)
- Example 12 (adjustment of quantum dot ink for green light emission)> 30 parts by mass of dipropylene glycol diacrylate, 3 parts by mass of polymerization initiator 1 (“Irgacure 819” manufactured by BASF), 4 parts by mass of polymerization initiator 2 (“Irgacure TPO” manufactured by BASF), polymerization initiator (manufactured by Lambson)
- ⁇ Example 13 (Adjustment of light-diffusing particle-containing red light emitting quantum dot ink)> 3 parts by mass of polymerization initiator 1 (“Irgacure 819” manufactured by BASF), 4 parts by mass of polymerization initiator 2 (“Irgacure TPO” manufactured by BASF), 3 parts by mass of polymerization initiator (“DETX” manufactured by Rambson), surface Tension adjuster (EO-modified polysiloxane, BYK-378, 0.3 parts by mass of BYK-378), 60 parts by mass of mill base 1 obtained in Reference Example 1 and 40 parts by mass of Mill Base 3 obtained in Reference Example 3
- the ink composition 14 for a jet printer containing 30% by mass of the red light emitting quantum dots and 18% by mass of the light diffusing particles was prepared by filtering with a 4.5 ⁇ m membrane filter. .
- Example 14 (adjustment of light-emitting particle-containing green light emitting quantum dot ink)> 3 parts by mass of polymerization initiator 1 (“Irgacure 819” manufactured by BASF), 4 parts by mass of polymerization initiator 2 (“Irgacure TPO” manufactured by BASF), 3 parts by mass of polymerization initiator (“DETX” manufactured by Rambson), surface Tension modifier (EO-modified polysiloxane, BYK-378 "BYK-378" 0.3 parts by weight, 60 parts by weight of mill base 2 obtained in Reference Example 2 and 40 parts by weight of Mill Base 3 obtained in Reference Example 3 was added and mixed well, followed by filtration with a 4.5 ⁇ m membrane filter to prepare an ink composition 15 for a jet printer containing 30% by mass of green light emitting quantum dots and 18% by mass of light diffusing particles. .
- ⁇ Comparative example 1 (Adjustment example of the comparative red light emitting quantum dot-containing mill base 4)> InP / ZnS quantum dots (manufactured by SIGMA-ALDRICH, “Product No. 7767785-5 mg / mL”) 10000 parts by mass of a toluene solution containing 50 parts by mass of solids (solid content 0.5% by mass), 45 parts by mass of phenoxyethyl acrylate, amino group 5 parts by mass of a polymer dispersant (“DISPER BYK-102” manufactured by Big Chemie) without stirring was stirred and mixed with a stirrer for 1 hour, and then the pressure was reduced to remove toluene, and the solution was treated with a bead mill for 4 hours. A mill base was produced, and the obtained mill base had no fluidity and was not practical, so the subsequent ink adjustment was abandoned.
- InP / ZnS quantum dots manufactured by SIGMA-ALDRICH, “Product No. 7767785
- ⁇ Comparative example 2 (adjustment example of the comparative green light emission quantum dot containing mill base 5)> InP / ZnS quantum dots (manufactured by SIGMA-ALDRICH, product number: 767793-5 mg / mL) 10000 parts by mass of a toluene solution containing 50 parts by mass of solids (solid content 0.5% by mass), 45 parts by mass of phenoxyethyl acrylate, amino 5 parts by mass of a polymer dispersant having no group (“DISPER BYK-102” manufactured by Big Chemie) was stirred and mixed with a stirrer for 1 hour, and then the pressure was reduced to remove toluene. The solution was treated with a bead mill for 4 hours to prepare a mill base. The obtained mill base had no fluidity and was not practical. Therefore, the subsequent ink adjustment was abandoned.
- InP / ZnS quantum dots manufactured by SIGMA-ALDRICH, product number: 767793-5 mg / mL
- titanium oxide (trade name: MPT141, manufactured by Ishihara Sangyo Co., Ltd., average particle diameter (volume average diameter): 100 nm) was prepared.
- Polymer dispersant 1 DISPERBYK-2164 (amine value 14 mgKOH / g, acid value 0 mgKOH / g, trade name of BYK, “DISPERBYK” is a registered trademark)
- Polymer dispersing agent 2 Ajisper PB821 (amine value 10 mgKOH / g, acid value 17 mgKOH / g, trade name of Ajinomoto Fine Techno Co., Ltd., “Azisper” is a registered trademark)
- Polymer Dispersant 3 Azisper PB881 (amine value 17 mgKOH / g, acid value 17 mgKOH / g, trade name of Ajinomoto Fine Techno Co., Ltd., “Azisper” is a registered trademark)
- Polymer dispersing agent 4 DISPERBYK-2155 (amine value 48 mgKOH / g, acid value 0 mgKOH
- thermosetting resin An acrylic resin having an epoxy group (trade name: Finedick A-254, manufactured by DIC Corporation, “Finedick” is a registered trademark) was prepared as a thermosetting resin.
- ⁇ Preparation of light diffusion particle dispersion> In a container filled with nitrogen gas, 2.4 g of titanium oxide, 0.4 g of polymer dispersant 1 and solvent 1 were mixed, and zirconia beads (diameter: 1.25 mm) were added to the resulting mixture. In addition, the mixture was dispersed by shaking for 2 hours using a paint conditioner, and zirconia beads were removed with a polyester mesh filter to obtain a light diffusing particle dispersion 6 (nonvolatile content: 44 mass%). Light diffusing particle dispersions 7 to 15 were obtained in the same manner as described above except that the polymer dispersants 2 to 10 were used in place of the polymer dispersant 1.
- thermosetting resin solution 0.28 g of the thermosetting resin, 0.09 g of the curing agent, and 0.004 g of the curing catalyst are dissolved in the solvent 1 to obtain the thermosetting resin solution 1 (nonvolatile content: 30% by mass). It was.
- Example 15 (1) Preparation of Ink Composition 16 (Inkjet Ink) 2.25 g of red light emitting nanocrystal dispersion (TR1), 0.75 g of light diffusing particle dispersion 1 and thermosetting resin After 1.25 g of solution 1 was mixed, the mixture was filtered with a filter having a pore size of 5 ⁇ m to obtain ink composition 16.
- the average particle diameter (volume average diameter MV) of the light diffusing particles in the ink composition was 0.26 ⁇ m.
- the average particle diameter (volume average diameter MV) of the light diffusing particles in the ink composition is a dynamic light scattering nanotrack particle size distribution meter (trade name “Nanotrack” manufactured by Nikkiso Co., Ltd.). ).
- an ink composition 17 was obtained using a nanocrystal dispersion for green light emission (TG1).
- the light emission characteristics of the ink composition were evaluated by the following procedure. That is, a sample for evaluating quantum dot emission characteristics (QD emission characteristics) was prepared by adding 5 mL of a solvent to 50 ⁇ L of the ink composition 16. As QD emission characteristics, QD emission intensity was measured with a spectrofluorometer (manufactured by JASCO Corporation, trade name “FP8600”). As the measurement cell, a cell with an optical path length of 10 mm was used, and “very low” was selected as the detection sensitivity. The value of the obtained emission intensity was a numerical value at the peak top of the spectrum.
- the evaluation criteria for affinity evaluation are as follows. The results are shown in Table 1. a: Emission intensity is 250 (arb.u) or more b: Emission intensity is less than 250 (arb.u)
- Examples 16 to 21 and Comparative Examples 3 to 5 In place of the light diffusing particle dispersion 6, Examples 16 to 21, and Example 15 except that a light diffusing particle dispersion prepared with a polymer dispersant described in the following table was used. Ink compositions of Comparative Examples 3 to 5 were obtained. The average particle diameter (volume average diameter MV) of the light diffusing particles in each ink composition was 0.275 ⁇ m, 0.266 ⁇ m, 0.227 ⁇ m, 0.246 ⁇ m, 0.295 ⁇ m, and 0 in Examples 2 to 7, respectively. .265 ⁇ m and Comparative Examples 3 to 4 were 0.210 ⁇ m and 0.281 ⁇ m, respectively. Using the ink compositions obtained in Examples 16 to 21 and Comparative Examples 3 to 5, light emission characteristics were evaluated in the same manner as in Example 15. The results are shown in the table below. *: Aggregation of luminescent nanocrystals occurred.
- Example 22 [creation of light conversion layer 1]> A black matrix pattern having a line width of 20 ⁇ m and a film thickness of 1.2 ⁇ m was formed by photolithography on a glass substrate (manufactured by Asahi Glass Co., Ltd.) having a thickness of 0.7 mm and a size of 10 cm ⁇ 10 cm.
- the red color ink-jet ink jet obtained in Example 11 and the green color ink jet ink obtained in Example 12 were dropped onto the pixel forming portion partitioned by the black matrix of the substrate with a drop diameter of 30 ⁇ m by the ink jet method.
- colorless transparent ink was dropped on the pixel forming portion in blue.
- this is a film in which a red color developing layer, a green color developing layer, and a transparent clear layer are formed in stripes by curing with UV irradiation under a condition of a 120 W / cm metal halide lamp of 0.5 J / cm 2 by a conveyor type UV irradiation device.
- An inventive light conversion layer was obtained.
- Example 23 [Creation of light conversion layer 2]> A black matrix pattern having a line width of 20 ⁇ m and a film thickness of 1.2 ⁇ m was formed by photolithography on a glass substrate (manufactured by Asahi Glass Co., Ltd.) having a thickness of 0.7 mm and a size of 10 cm ⁇ 10 cm.
- the red color ink-jet ink jet obtained in Example 13 and the green color ink-jet ink jet obtained in Example 14 were dropped onto the pixel forming section partitioned by the black matrix of the substrate with a drop diameter of 30 ⁇ m by the ink jet method.
- a colorless transparent ink was dropped on the pixel forming portion in blue.
- this is a film in which a red color developing layer, a green color developing layer, and a transparent clear layer are formed in stripes by curing with UV irradiation under a condition of a 120 W / cm metal halide lamp of 0.5 J / cm 2 by a conveyor type UV irradiation device.
- An inventive light conversion layer was obtained.
- Example 24 [Creation of light conversion layer 3]> After sputtering metal chromium on a glass substrate made of alkali-free glass (“OA-10G” manufactured by Nippon Electric Glass Co., Ltd.) and patterning it by photolithography, photoresist SU-8 (manufactured by Nippon Kayaku Co., Ltd.) ) was applied, exposed, developed and post-baked to form a SU-8 pattern on the chromium pattern.
- OA-10G alkali-free glass
- photoresist SU-8 manufactured by Nippon Kayaku Co., Ltd.
- the design of the partition pattern thus created was a pattern having an opening corresponding to a sub-pixel of 100 ⁇ m ⁇ 300 ⁇ m, the line width was 20 ⁇ m, and the thickness was 8 ⁇ m.
- This BM substrate was used for forming the light conversion layer 6.
- a solid pattern was prepared by the same method, and the contact angle of the solvent (1,4-BDDA) used for the ink was measured. As a result, it was confirmed that it was 45 ° and showed liquid repellency with respect to the solvent.
- the ink composition 1 and the ink composition 9 were ejected to the opening using an inkjet printer (trade name “DMP-2850” manufactured by Fuji Film Dimatix). Further, a light-scattering ink composition UVScB was prepared in the same manner as the red light-emitting ink composition 1 except that the monomer used in the ink composition 1 was used instead of the light-emitting nanocrystal dispersion liquid. The ink composition (blue pixel portion) was discharged into the opening.
- a black matrix (hereinafter also referred to as BM) is placed on the platen (base table) of DMP-2850, the black matrix pattern on the base is aligned with the scanning direction of the head, and alignment is performed. Ink was ejected to the opening at a speed of 6 m / sec.
- the ink was discharged and formed into a film until the thickness of the cured ink film reached 80% or more of the black matrix partition wall thickness.
- the thickness of the ink cured film printed and cured in the opening of the BM was measured with a light interference type film thickness meter (Vert Scan).
- the ink was dried and cured as follows.
- the printed substrate was placed in a sealed container (purge box) having a light-transmitting window filled with nitrogen gas, and UV light was irradiated with an ultraviolet irradiation device to effect.
- blue light is applied to the BM substrate with a pixel portion that converts blue light into red light, a pixel portion that converts blue light into green light, and a light scattering agent-containing dispersion that does not contain luminescent nanocrystals. And a pixel portion to be transmitted (without color conversion).
- a patterned light conversion layer 3 having a plurality of types of pixel portions was obtained.
- Example 25 [creation of light conversion layer 4]> After sputtering metal chromium on a glass substrate made of alkali-free glass (“OA-10G” manufactured by Nippon Electric Glass Co., Ltd.) and patterning it by photolithography, photoresist SU-8 (manufactured by Nippon Kayaku Co., Ltd.) ) was applied, exposed, developed and post-baked to form a SU-8 pattern on the chromium pattern.
- OA-10G alkali-free glass
- photoresist SU-8 manufactured by Nippon Kayaku Co., Ltd.
- the design of the partition pattern thus created was a pattern having an opening corresponding to a sub-pixel of 100 ⁇ m ⁇ 300 ⁇ m, the line width was 20 ⁇ m, and the thickness was 8 ⁇ m.
- This BM substrate was used for forming the light conversion layer 6.
- a solid pattern was prepared by the same method, and the contact angle of the solvent (1,4-BDDA) used for the ink was measured. As a result, it was confirmed that it was 45 ° and showed liquid repellency with respect to the solvent.
- the ink compositions 16 and 17 were ejected into the openings using an inkjet printer (trade name “DMP-2850” manufactured by Fujifilm Dimatix). Further, instead of the luminescent nanocrystal dispersion, 1,4-BDDA was used, and the light-scattering ink composition TScB (blue pixel portion) was otherwise obtained in the same manner as the red luminescent nanocrystal-containing ink composition 16. The ink composition was prepared and discharged to the opening. In addition, 16 nozzles were formed in the head portion for ejecting ink of the ink jet printer, and the amount of ink composition used per ejection per nozzle was 10 pL.
- a black matrix (hereinafter also referred to as BM) is placed on the platen (base table) of DMP-2850, the black matrix pattern on the base is aligned with the scanning direction of the head, and alignment is performed. Ink was ejected to the opening at a speed of 6 m / sec.
- the ink was discharged and formed into a film until the thickness of the cured ink film reached 80% or more of the black matrix partition wall thickness.
- the thickness of the ink cured film printed and cured in the opening of the BM was measured with a light interference type film thickness meter (Vert Scan).
- the ink was dried and cured as follows.
- the ink was thermosetting, since it contained a solvent, it was dried under reduced pressure, then heated in a nitrogen atmosphere at 100 ° C. for 3 minutes, and then heated and cured at 150 ° C. for 30 minutes.
- blue light is applied to the BM substrate with a pixel portion that converts blue light into red light, a pixel portion that converts blue light into green light, and a light scattering agent-containing dispersion that does not contain luminescent nanocrystals. And a pixel portion to be transmitted (without color conversion).
- a patterned light conversion layer 4 having a plurality of types of pixel portions was obtained.
- Examples 26, 27, and 28 production of liquid crystal display elements
- a liquid crystal display element of the present invention was prepared using the light conversion layer 1 obtained in Example 22, the light conversion layer 3 obtained in Example 24, and the light conversion layer 4 obtained in Example 25.
- the measured characteristics are as follows.
- T NI Nematic phase-isotropic liquid phase transition temperature (° C) ⁇ n: Refractive index anisotropy at 20 ° C. ⁇ : Dielectric anisotropy at 20 ° C. ⁇ : Viscosity at 20 ° C. (mPa ⁇ s) ⁇ 1 : rotational viscosity at 20 ° C. (mPa ⁇ s) K 11 : elastic constant K 11 (pN) at 20 ° C. K 33 : Elastic constant at 20 ° C.
- LED light resistance test with main emission peak at 385 nm The VHR before and after irradiation with 130 J for 60 seconds was measured with a monochromatic LED having a peak at 385 nm.
- VA type liquid crystal panel 1 After the polyimide vertical alignment layer is formed on the ITO of the counter substrate 1 and the transparent electrode of the first substrate, respectively, the first substrate on which the transparent electrode and the polyimide vertical alignment layer are formed, and the polyimide vertical alignment
- the counter substrate 1 on which the alignment layer is formed is arranged so that the respective alignment layers face each other and the alignment direction of the alignment layer is an anti-parallel direction (180 °), and a certain gap is provided between the two substrates. In a state where (4 ⁇ m) was maintained, the peripheral part was bonded with a sealant.
- composition Examples 1 to 9 are filled into the cell gap defined by the alignment layer surface and the sealing agent by vacuum injection, and the polarizing plate is bonded onto the first substrate.
- a VA type liquid crystal panel 1 was produced.
- the liquid crystal panel thus fabricated was used as an evaluation element, and VHR measurement and display quality evaluation for UV were performed.
- the liquid crystal display element is excellent in light resistance, and it is considered that the deterioration of the liquid crystal layer due to the deterioration of the light-emitting nanocrystals or the partial irradiation spot of high-energy rays can be suppressed or prevented.
- the liquid crystal display element having the composition example 2 has the lowest decrease rate of the VHR value.
- ⁇ 1 related to the high-speed response of the liquid crystal display element is observed, it is confirmed that the composition example 3 is the highest.
- the cause of the former is considered to be related to the fact that it contains two or more liquid crystal compounds including a condensed ring (naphthalene) and thus easily absorbs light.
- the latter is considered to be due to the increase in viscosity because the liquid crystal compound contains two or more rings including a chroman ring.
- VA type liquid crystal panel A1 Composition Example 1
- the counter substrate 4 provided with the light conversion layer 3 was used instead of the counter substrate 1 used in the VA liquid crystal panel 1.
- the liquid crystal composition was used. As a result, no decrease in the VHR value after the 14 hour light resistance test was observed.
- VA type liquid crystal panel B1 A VA liquid crystal panel B1 was produced in the same manner as the VA liquid crystal panel 1 except that the counter substrate 7 provided with the light conversion layer 4 was used instead of the counter substrate 1 used in the VA liquid crystal panel 1. As a result, no decrease in the VHR value after the 14 hour light resistance test was observed.
- composition example 8 0.05 parts by mass of an antioxidant of the following formula (III-22) is added to 100 parts by mass of the liquid crystal composition of the composition example 8, and the same as the above composition example 8.
- a VA-type liquid crystal panel may be manufactured and a light resistance test using blue light having a main emission peak at 450 nm and a light resistance test using light having a main emission peak at 385 nm may be evaluated.
- Polymeric compound-containing liquid crystal composition 1 in which 0.3 part by mass and 99.7 parts by mass of composition example 5 are mixed is coated with a polyimide alignment film that induces vertical alignment with a cell gap of 4 ⁇ m, and then a fishbone structure.
- the liquid crystal panel including the first substrate with ITO and the counter substrate 1 was injected by a vacuum injection method.
- JALS2096 manufactured by JSR Corporation was used as a material for forming a vertical alignment film.
- the liquid crystal panel into which the liquid crystal composition containing the polymerizable compound was injected was irradiated with ultraviolet rays through a filter that cuts out ultraviolet rays of 325 nm or less using a high-pressure mercury lamp with a voltage of 10 V applied at a frequency of 100 Hz.
- illuminance measured at the center wavelength of 365nm condition was adjusted to 100 mW / cm 2, was irradiated with ultraviolet light at an accumulated light intensity of 10J / cm 2.
- the illuminance was measured at a center wavelength of 313nm is adjusted to 3 mW / cm 2, further irradiated with ultraviolet light at an accumulated light intensity 10J / cm 2, the PSVA liquid crystal panel 1 As in Composition Example 5, the light resistance test using blue light having a main light emission peak at 450 nm and the light resistance test using light having a main light emission peak at 385 nm were evaluated. As a result, no display defect was observed in both cases of blue light having a main emission peak at 450 nm and light having a main emission peak at 385 nm.
- a polymerizable compound-containing liquid crystal composition 2 obtained by mixing 99.7 parts by mass of Composition Example 1 was applied with a polyimide alignment film that induces vertical alignment at a cell gap of 4 ⁇ m, and then a fishbone-structured first substrate with ITO And the liquid crystal panel including the counter substrate 4 was injected by a vacuum injection method.
- a material for forming a vertical alignment film JALS2096 manufactured by JSR Corporation was used.
- the liquid crystal panel into which the liquid crystal composition containing the polymerizable compound was injected was irradiated with ultraviolet rays through a filter that cuts out ultraviolet rays of 325 nm or less using a high-pressure mercury lamp with a voltage of 10 V applied at a frequency of 100 Hz.
- illuminance measured at the center wavelength of 365nm condition was adjusted to 100 mW / cm 2, was irradiated with ultraviolet light at an accumulated light intensity of 10J / cm 2.
- the illuminance was measured at a center wavelength of 313nm is adjusted to 3 mW / cm 2, further irradiated with ultraviolet light at an accumulated light intensity 10J / cm 2, the PSVA liquid crystal panel 2
- the light resistance test using a blue LED having a main light emission peak at 450 nm and the light resistance test using an LED having a main light emission peak at 385 nm were evaluated. As a result, no display defect was observed in any of a blue LED having a main emission peak at 450 nm and an LED having a main emission peak at 385 nm.
- the liquid crystal composition mixed with was injected by a vacuum injection method into a liquid crystal panel including a substrate with ITO having a cell gap of 4 ⁇ m and no alignment film.
- the liquid crystal panel into which the liquid crystal composition containing the polymerizable compound was injected was irradiated with ultraviolet rays through a filter that cuts out ultraviolet rays of 325 nm or less using a high-pressure mercury lamp with a voltage of 10 V applied at a frequency of 100 Hz.
- illuminance measured at the center wavelength of 365nm condition was adjusted to 100 mW / cm 2, was irradiated with ultraviolet light at an accumulated light intensity of 10J / cm 2.
- the liquid crystal composition mixed with was injected by a vacuum injection method into a liquid crystal panel including a substrate with ITO having a cell gap of 3.5 ⁇ m and no alignment film.
- the liquid crystal panel into which the liquid crystal composition containing the polymerizable compound was injected was irradiated with ultraviolet rays through a filter that cuts out ultraviolet rays of 325 nm or less using a high-pressure mercury lamp with a voltage of 10 V applied at a frequency of 100 Hz.
- illuminance measured at the center wavelength of 365nm condition was adjusted to 100 mW / cm 2, was irradiated with ultraviolet light at an accumulated light intensity of 10J / cm 2.
- IPS liquid crystal panel An alignment layer solution was formed on the pair of comb-shaped electrodes formed on the first substrate by a spin coating method to form an alignment layer.
- the alignment layers face each other and are arranged so that the direction of linearly polarized light irradiation or rubbing in the horizontal direction is the anti-parallel direction (180 °), and a constant gap (4 ⁇ m) is provided between the two substrates. With the active energy ray kept, the peripheral part was pasted with a sealant.
- liquid crystal composition (liquid crystal composition 6) is filled into the cell gap defined by the alignment layer surface and the sealant by a vacuum injection method, and then the pair of polarizing plates is placed on the first substrate and the second substrate.
- An IPS type liquid crystal panel was produced by pasting on the substrate.
- FFS type liquid crystal panel After forming a flat common electrode on the first transparent substrate, an insulating layer film is formed, a transparent comb electrode is further formed on the insulating layer film, and an alignment layer solution is then applied on the transparent comb electrode.
- a first electrode substrate was formed by spin coating. The alignment layer was formed in the same manner on the second substrate on which the alignment layer, the in-cell polarizing layer, the light conversion layer 1 and the planarizing film were formed.
- the first substrate on which the comb-shaped transparent electrode and the alignment layer are formed, and the alignment layer, the polarizing layer, the light conversion layer 1, and the second substrate on which the planarizing film is formed on the light conversion layer 1, are arranged in such a way that the direction where the linearly polarized light is radiated or rubbed is in the anti-parallel direction (180 °) and a constant gap (4 ⁇ m) is maintained between the two substrates.
- the liquid crystal composition liquid crystal composition (liquid crystal composition 9) was filled in the cell gap partitioned by the alignment layer surface and the sealing agent by a dropping method, and an FFS type liquid crystal panel was produced.
- a blue LED is arranged in a lattice pattern on the lower reflection plate that scatters and reflects light, a diffusion plate is arranged immediately above the irradiation side, and a diffusion sheet is further arranged on the irradiation side to produce a backlight unit 2. .
- VA type liquid crystal panel 1 VA type liquid crystal panel A1, VA type liquid crystal panel B1 and VA type liquid crystal panel 2 obtained above. Units 1 and 2 were attached, and the color reproduction area was measured. As a result, it was confirmed that in both the liquid crystal display element having the light conversion layer and the conventional liquid crystal display element not having the light conversion layer, the color reproduction region is expanded in the former.
- a VA liquid crystal panel containing light diffusing particles in the light change layer has high light conversion efficiency and exhibits excellent color reproducibility.
- the above-obtained backlight units 1 and 2 were attached to the IPS liquid crystal panel obtained above, and the color reproduction region was measured. As a result, it was confirmed that in both the liquid crystal display element having the light conversion layer and the conventional liquid crystal display element not having the light conversion layer, the color reproduction region is expanded in the former.
- the backlight units 1 and 2 produced above were attached to the obtained FFS type liquid crystal panel, and the color reproduction area was measured. As a result, it was confirmed that in both the liquid crystal display element having the light conversion layer and the conventional liquid crystal display element not having the light conversion layer, the color reproduction region is expanded in the former.
- Liquid crystal display element 100 Backlight unit (101: light source unit, 102: light guide unit, 103: light conversion unit) 101: light source part (L: light emitting element (105: light emitting diode, 110: light source substrate), 112a, b: fixing member) 102: Light guide section (106: diffusion plate, 104: light guide plate) 103: light source / light guide unit 110: light source substrate 111: transparent filling container 112a, b: fixing member NC: nanocrystal for light emission (compound semiconductor) DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1, 8: Polarizing layer 2, 7: Transparent substrate 3: 1st electrode layer 3 ': 2nd electrode layer 4: Orientation layer 5: Liquid crystal layer 6: Color filter (When the pigment
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Nonlinear Science (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Mathematical Physics (AREA)
- Inks, Pencil-Leads, Or Crayons (AREA)
- Luminescent Compositions (AREA)
- Optical Filters (AREA)
- Electroluminescent Light Sources (AREA)
- Ink Jet Recording Methods And Recording Media Thereof (AREA)
- Liquid Crystal (AREA)
Abstract
Description
前記第一の基板と第二の基板と間に挟持された液晶層と、
前記第一の基板または第二の基板の少なくとも一方に設けられた画素電極と、
前記第一の基板または第二の基板の少なくとも一方に設けられた共通電極と、
発光素子を備えた光源部と、
前記光源部からの光を赤色、緑色、青色の何れかへ光変換可能な光変換層と、
を備え、
前記液晶層が一般式(i)
前記光変換層が発光用ナノ結晶、アミン価5mg/KOHg以上である高分子分散剤、及び外部刺激に応答して硬化する刺激応答性硬化材料を必須の構成要素とするものであることを特徴とする液晶表示素子に関する。
ここで使用し得る発光用ナノ結晶は、具体的には100nm以下の少なくとも1つの長さを有する粒子状のものであることが好ましく、その形状は、任意の幾何学的形状を有してもよく、対称または不対称であってよい。当該ナノ結晶の形状の具体例としては、円形(球状)、楕円形、角錐の形状、ディスク状、枝状、網状または任意の不規則な形状等を含むが、特に粒子状の量子ドットであることが好ましい。
上記一般式(1)で表される有機リガンドにおいて、p及びqのうち少なくとも一方が1以上であることが好ましく、p及びqの両方が1以上であることがより好ましい。
びブロモフェノールブルー試液1mLを、トルエンとエタノールとを体積比1:1で混合
した混合溶液50mLに溶解させた試料液を準備し、0.5mol/L塩酸にて試料液が
緑色を呈するまで滴定を行い、次式によりアミン価を算出できる。
アミン価=y/x×28.05
式中、yは滴定に要した0.5mol/L塩酸の滴定量(mL)を示し、xは高分子分散
剤の質量(g)を示す。
の官能基としては、酸性官能基、及び非イオン性官能基からなる群より選択される1種以
上の官能基が挙げられる。これらの官能基は、好ましくは光拡散粒子に対し親和性を有
する。酸性官能基は解離性のプロトンを有しており、アミン、水酸化物イオン等の塩基に
より中和されていてもよい。塩基性官能基としては、一級、二級及び三級アミノ基、アンモニウム基、イミノ基、並びに、ピリジン、ピリミジン、ピラジン、イミダゾール、トリアゾール等の含窒素ヘテロ環基等が挙げられる。塩基性官能基は、光拡散粒子の分散安定性の観点、発光用ナノ結晶が沈降するという副作用を起こしにくく、発光用ナノ結晶の発光強度を向上させる観点、高分子分散剤の合成の容易性の観点、及び官能基の安定性の観点から、好ましくは、アミノ基である。塩基性官能基は、その一部が有機酸、無機酸等の酸により中和されていてもよい。
酸価=q×r×5.611/p
式中、qは滴定に要した0.1mol/Lエタノール製水酸化カリウム溶液の滴定量(mL)を示し、rは滴定に要した0.1mol/Lエタノール製水酸化カリウム溶液の力価を示し、pは高分子分散剤の質量(g)を示す。
本発明に係る分散体又はインク組成物は、外部刺激に応答して硬化する刺激応答性硬化材料を必須に含む。これにより、硬化物中においてバインダとして機能する。
当該外部刺激としては、活性エネルギー線(UV(紫外線)などの光又はEB(電子線))や熱などが挙げられる。従って、本発明に係る刺激応答性硬化材料は、光、電子線又は熱に応答して重合して硬化する材料をいう。
1,4-ブタンジオール、1,5-ペンタンジオール、3-メチル-1,5-ペンタンジオール、1,6-ヘキサンジオール、ネオペンチルグリコール、1,8-オクタンジオール、1,9-ノナンジオール、トリシクロデカンジメタノール、エチレングリコール、
ポリエチレングリコール、プロピレングリコール、ジプロピレングリコール、トリプロピレングリコール、ポリプロピレングリコール等のジ(メタ)アクリレート、トリス(2-ヒドロキシエチル)イソシアヌレートのジ(メタ)アクリレート、ネオペンチルグリコール1モルに4モル以上のエチレンオキサイドもしくはプロピレンオキサイドを付加して得たジオールのジ(メタ)アクリレート、ビスフェノールA1モルに2モルのエチレンオキサイドもしくはプロピレンオキサイドを付加して得たジオールのジ(メタ)アクリレート、トリメチロールプロパン1モルに3モル以上のエチレンオキサイドもしくはプロピレンオキサイドを付加して得たトリオールのジまたはトリ(メタ)アクリレート、ビスフェノールA1モルに4モル以上のエチレンオキサイドもしくはプロピレンオキサイドを付加して得たジオールのジ(メタ)アクリレート、トリメチロールプロパントリ(メタ)アクリレート,ペンタエリスリトールトリ(メタ)アクリレート、ジペンタエリスリトールのポリ(メタ)アクリレート、エチレンオキサイド変性リン酸(メタ)アクリレート、エチレンオキサイド変性アルキルリン酸(メタ)アクリレート等が挙げられる。
このような高分子分散剤可溶型の単量体として、特に、単官能(メタ)アクリレートとして、2-ヒドロキシ-3-フェノキシプロピル(メタ)アクリレート、テトラヒドロフルフリル(メタ)アクリレート、2-ヒドロキシエチル(メタ)アクリレート、ベンジル(メタ)アクリレート、フェノキシエチル(メタ)アクリレートが好ましく、一方、多官能(メタ)アクリレートとして、ネオペンチルグリコールジ(メタ)アクリレートジプロピレングリコールジ(メタ)アクリレートを好ましく用いることができる。
以上詳述したインクジェット用インクから、通常の表示デバイスにおけるカラーフィルタに相当する光変換層を製造するには、R、G、B等の所望の発色を呈する発光用ナノ結晶を含むインクジェット用インク組成物に透明基板上の所定領域にインクジェット方式により選択的に付着させ、活性エネルギー線を照射させて硬化させることによって、画素部や遮光層などの着色硬化層を形成する方法が挙げられる。
上記した濡れ性可変層を構成する材料は、光触媒とバインダとを必要に応じて他の添加剤とともに溶剤中に分散して塗布液を調製し、この塗布液を塗布した後、加水分解、重縮合反応を進行させてバインダ中に光触媒を固定化したものが挙げられる。
本発明における光変換層の製造方法においては、さらに画素部上に保護層を形成する保護層形成工程を行ってもよい。この保護層は、カラーフィルタを平坦化するとともに、画素部、あるいは、画素部と光触媒含有層に含有される成分の液晶層への溶出を防止するために設けられるものである。
本発明の光変換層は、優れた光変換効率を発現するものの、光源からの光(励起光、例えば青色光)を全て光変換層で変換できず、光変換層を透過してしまう場合に、発光用ナノ結晶を含む層(NC)の発行色と同色の色材を含む色層(いわゆるカラーフィルタ)CFLとを積層させることにより、該透過光の不要光を吸収させることができる。なお、緑色の色材を含む色材層(いわゆる緑色カラーフィルタ)CF‐Greenの代わりに、色調整のため黄色の色材を含む色材層(いわゆる黄色カラーフィルタ)を使用してもよい。
(上記数式(1)中、Δnは屈折率異方性を表し、dは液晶表示素子の液晶層のセル厚(μm)を表す。)
220~300nmであることが好ましい。
本発明に係る光源部は、紫外または可視光を発光する発光素子を有する。当該発光素子は、波長領域について特に制限されることはないが、青色領域に主発光ピークを有することが好ましい。例えば、420nm以上480nm以下の波長領域に主発光ピークを有する発光ダイオード(青色発光ダイオード)を好適に使用できる。
本発明に係る偏光層は特に制限されることは無く、公知の偏光板(偏光層)を使用することができる。例えば、二色性有機色素偏光子、塗布型偏光層、ワイヤーグリッド型偏光子、またはコレステリック液晶型偏光子などが挙げられる。たとえば、ワイヤーグリッド型偏光子は、第1基板、第2基板、カラーフィルタ上に形成され、ナノインプリント法、ブロックコポリマー法、Eビームリソグラフィ法またはグランシングアングル蒸着法のうちいずれか一つによって形成されることが好ましい。また、塗布型偏光層を形成する場合、本明細書の以下で説明する配向層をさらに設けてもよい。そのため、本発明に係る偏光層が塗布型偏光層である場合、塗布型偏光層と配向層とを有することが好ましい。
本発明に係る液晶層において、上記一般式(i)で表される化合物の好ましい含有量の下限値は、本発明の組成物の総量に対して、1質量%であり、2質量%であり、3質量%であり、5質量%であり、7質量%であり、10質量%であり、15質量%であり、20質量%であり、25質量%であり、30質量%であり、35質量%であり、40質量%であり、45質量%であり、50質量%であり、55質量%である。好ましい含有量の上限値は、本発明の組成物の総量に対して、95質量%であり、90質量%であり、85質量%であり、80質量%であり、75質量%であり、70質量%であり、65質量%であり、60質量%であり、55質量%であり、50質量%であり、45質量%であり、40質量%であり、35質量%であり、30質量%であり、25質量%である。
Ri11及びRi12は、直鎖状の炭素原子数1~5のアルキル基、直鎖状の炭素原子数1~4のアルコキシ基及び直鎖状の炭素原子数2~5のアルケニル基が好ましい。
一般式(i-1-1)で表される化合物は、式(i-1-1.1)から式(i-1-1.3)で表される化合物群から選ばれる化合物であることが好ましく、式(i-1-1.2)又は式(i-1-1.3)で表される化合物であることが好ましく、特に、式(i-1-1.3)で表される化合物であることが好ましい。
本発明の組成物の総量に対しての式(i-1-2)で表される化合物の好ましい含有量の下限値は、1質量%であり、5質量%であり、10質量%であり、15質量%であり、17質量%であり、20質量%であり、23質量%であり、25質量%であり、27質量%であり、30質量%であり、35質量%である。好ましい含有量の上限値は、本発明の組成物の総量に対して、60質量%であり、55質量%であり、50質量%であり、45質量%であり、42質量%であり、40質量%であり、38質量%であり、35質量%であり、33質量%であり、30質量%である。
Ri13及びRi14は、直鎖状の炭素原子数1~5のアルキル基、直鎖状の炭素原子数1~4のアルコキシ基及び直鎖状の炭素原子数2~5のアルケニル基が好ましい。
Ri15及びRi16は、直鎖状の炭素原子数1~5のアルキル基、直鎖状の炭素原子数1~4のアルコキシ基及び直鎖状の炭素原子数2~5のアルケニル基が好ましい。
本発明の組成物の総量に対しての式(i-1-6)で表される化合物の好ましい含有量の下限値は、1質量%であり、5質量%であり、10質量%であり、15質量%であり、17質量%であり、20質量%であり、23質量%であり、25質量%であり、27質量%であり、30質量%であり、35質量%である。好ましい含有量の上限値は、本発明の組成物の総量に対して、60質量%であり、55質量%であり、50質量%であり、45質量%であり、42質量%であり、40質量%であり、38質量%であり、35質量%であり、33質量%であり、30質量%である。
Ri21は炭素原子数1~5のアルキル基又は炭素原子数2~5のアルケニル基が好ましく、RL22は炭素原子数1~5のアルキル基、炭素原子数4~5のアルケニル基又は炭素原子数1~4のアルコキシ基が好ましい。
本発明の液晶組成物は、上記した誘電率異方性を持たない(Δεが大凡―2~2の範囲)にある一般式(i)で表される化合物に加え、誘電的に負の化合物(Δεの符号が負で、その絶対値が2より大きい。)として、下記一般式(N-1)、(N-2)、(N-3)および(N-4)で表される化合物から選ばれる化合物を1種類又は2種類以上さらに含有することが好ましい。
AN11、AN12、AN21、AN22、AN31、AN32、AN41及びAN42はそれぞれ独立して
(a) 1,4-シクロヘキシレン基(この基中に存在する1個の-CH2-又は隣接していない2個以上の-CH2-は-O-に置き換えられてもよい。)及び
(b) 1,4-フェニレン基(この基中に存在する1個の-CH=又は隣接していない2個以上の-CH=は-N=に置き換えられてもよい。)
(c) ナフタレン-2,6-ジイル基、1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロナフタレン-2,6-ジイル基又はデカヒドロナフタレン-2,6-ジイル基(ナフタレン-2,6-ジイル基又は1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロナフタレン-2,6-ジイル基中に存在する1個の-CH=又は隣接していない2個以上の-CH=は-N=に置き換えられても良い。)
(d) 1,4-シクロヘキセニレン基
からなる群より選ばれる基を表し、上記の基(a)、基(b)、基(c)及び基(d)は、その構造中の水素原子が、それぞれ独立してシアノ基、フッ素原子又は塩素原子で置換されていても良く、
ZN11、ZN12、ZN21、ZN22、ZN31、ZN32、ZN41及びZN42は、それぞれ独立して、単結合、-CH2CH2-、-(CH2)4-、-OCH2-、-CH2O-、-COO-、-OCO-、-OCF2-、-CF2O-、-CH=N-N=CH-、-CH=CH-、-CF=CF-又は-C≡C-を表し、
XN21は水素原子又はフッ素原子を表し、TN31は-CH2-又は酸素原子を表し、XN41は、酸素原子、窒素原子、又は-CH2-を表し、YN41は、単結合、又は-CH2-を表し、nN11、nN12、nN21、nN22、nN31、nN32、nN41、及びnN42は、それぞれ独立して0~3の整数を表すが、nN11+nN12、nN21+nN22及びnN31+nN32はそれぞれ独立して1、2又は3であり、AN11~AN32、ZN11~ZN32が複数存在する場合は、それらは同一であっても異なっていても良く、nN41+nN42は0~3の整数を表すが、AN41及びAN42、ZN41及びZN42が複数存在する場合は、それらは同一であっても異なっていても良い。]
一般式(N-1)、(N-2)、(N-3)及び(N-4)で表される化合物は、Δεが負でその絶対値が2よりも大きな化合物であることが好ましい。
本発明の組成物は、液晶表示素子としてp型のものを採用する場合には、前記一般式(i)で表される化合物に、下記一般式(J)で表される化合物を1種類又は2種類以上さらに含有することが好ましい。これら化合物は誘電的に正の化合物(Δεが2より大きい。)に該当する。
nJ1は、0、1、2、3又は4を表し、
AJ1、AJ2及びAJ3はそれぞれ独立して、
(a) 1,4-シクロヘキシレン基(この基中に存在する1個の-CH2-又は隣接していない2個以上の-CH2-は-O-に置き換えられてもよい。)
(b) 1,4-フェニレン基(この基中に存在する1個の-CH=又は隣接していない2個以上の-CH=は-N=に置き換えられてもよい。)及び
(c) ナフタレン-2,6-ジイル基、1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロナフタレン-2,6-ジイル基又はデカヒドロナフタレン-2,6-ジイル基(ナフタレン-2,6-ジイル基又は1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロナフタレン-2,6-ジイル基中に存在する1個の-CH=又は隣接していない2個以上の-CH=は-N=に置き換えられても良い。)
からなる群より選ばれる基を表し、上記の基(a)、基(b)及び基(c)はそれぞれ独立してシアノ基、フッ素原子、塩素原子、メチル基、トリフルオロメチル基又はトリフルオロメトキシ基で置換されていても良く、
ZJ1及びZJ2はそれぞれ独立して単結合、-CH2CH2-、-(CH2)4-、-OCH2-、-CH2O-、-OCF2-、-CF2O-、-COO-、-OCO-又は-C≡C-を表し、
nJ1が2、3又は4であってAJ2が複数存在する場合は、それらは同一であっても異なっていても良く、nJ1が2、3又は4であってZJ1が複数存在する場合は、それらは同一であっても異なっていても良く、
XJ1は、水素原子、フッ素原子、塩素原子、シアノ基、トリフルオロメチル基、フルオロメトキシ基、ジフルオロメトキシ基、トリフルオロメトキシ基又は2,2,2-トリフルオロエチル基を表す。)
一般式(J)中、RJ1は、炭素原子数1~8のアルキル基、炭素原子数1~8のアルコキシ基、炭素原子数2~8のアルケニル基又は炭素原子数2~8のアルケニルオキシ基が好ましく、炭素原子数1~5のアルキル基、炭素原子数1~5のアルコキシ基、炭素原子数2~5のアルケニル基又は炭素原子数2~5のアルケニルオキシ基が好ましく、炭素原子数1~5のアルキル基又は炭素原子数2~5のアルケニル基が更に好ましく、炭素原子数2~5のアルキル基又は炭素原子数2~3のアルケニル基が更に好ましく、炭素原子数3のアルケニル基(プロペニル基)が特に好ましい。
nM1は、0、1、2、3又は4を表し、
AM1及びAM2はそれぞれ独立して、
(a) 1,4-シクロヘキシレン基(この基中に存在する1個の-CH2-又は隣接していない2個以上の-CH2-は-O-又は-S-に置き換えられてもよい。)及び
(b) 1,4-フェニレン基(この基中に存在する1個の-CH=又は隣接していない2個以上の-CH=は-N=に置き換えられてもよい。)
からなる群より選ばれる基を表し、上記の基(a)及び基(b)上の水素原子はそれぞれ独立してシアノ基、フッ素原子又は塩素原子で置換されていても良く、
ZM1及びZM2はそれぞれ独立して単結合、-CH2CH2-、-(CH2)4-、-OCH2-、-CH2O-、-OCF2-、-CF2O-、-COO-、-OCO-又は-C≡C-を表し、
nM1が2、3又は4であってAM2が複数存在する場合は、それらは同一であっても異なっていても良く、nM1が2、3又は4であってZM1が複数存在する場合は、それらは同一であっても異なっていても良く、
XM1及びXM3はそれぞれ独立して水素原子、塩素原子又はフッ素原子を表し、
XM2は、水素原子、フッ素原子、塩素原子、シアノ基、トリフルオロメチル基、フルオロメトキシ基、ジフルオロメトキシ基、トリフルオロメトキシ基又は2,2,2-トリフルオロエチル基を表す。
nK1は、0、1、2、3又は4を表し、
AK1及びAK2はそれぞれ独立して、
(a) 1,4-シクロヘキシレン基(この基中に存在する1個の-CH2-又は隣接していない2個以上の-CH2-は-O-又は-S-に置き換えられてもよい。)及び
(b) 1,4-フェニレン基(この基中に存在する1個の-CH=又は隣接していない2個以上の-CH=は-N=に置き換えられてもよい。)
からなる群より選ばれる基を表し、上記の基(a)及び基(b)上の水素原子はそれぞれ独立してシアノ基、フッ素原子又は塩素原子で置換されていても良く、
ZK1及びZK2はそれぞれ独立して単結合、-CH2CH2-、-(CH2)4-、-OCH2-、-CH2O-、-OCF2-、-CF2O-、-COO-、-OCO-又は-C≡C-を表し、
nK1が2、3又は4であってAK2が複数存在する場合は、それらは同一であっても異なっていても良く、nK1が2、3又は4であってZK1が複数存在する場合は、それらは同一であっても異なっていても良く、
XK1及びXK3はそれぞれ独立して水素原子、塩素原子又はフッ素原子を表し、
XK2は、水素原子、フッ素原子、塩素原子、シアノ基、トリフルオロメチル基、フルオロメトキシ基、ジフルオロメトキシ基、トリフルオロメトキシ基又は2,2,2-トリフルオロエチル基を表す。)
一般式(K)中、RK1は、炭素原子数1~8のアルキル基、炭素原子数1~8のアルコキシ基、炭素原子数2~8のアルケニル基又は炭素原子数2~8のアルケニルオキシ基が好ましく、炭素原子数1~5のアルキル基、炭素原子数1~5のアルコキシ基、炭素原子数2~5のアルケニル基又は炭素原子数2~5のアルケニルオキシ基が好ましく、炭素原子数1~5のアルキル基又は炭素原子数2~5のアルケニル基が更に好ましく、炭素原子数2~5のアルキル基又は炭素原子数2~3のアルケニル基が更に好ましく、炭素原子数3のアルケニル基(プロペニル基)が特に好ましい。
nL1は0、1、2又は3を表し、
AL1、AL2及びAL3はそれぞれ独立して
(a) 1,4-シクロヘキシレン基(この基中に存在する1個の-CH2-又は隣接していない2個以上の-CH2-は-O-に置き換えられてもよい。)及び
(b) 1,4-フェニレン基(この基中に存在する1個の-CH=又は隣接していない2個以上の-CH=は-N=に置き換えられてもよい。)
(c) ナフタレン-2,6-ジイル基、1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロナフタレン-2,6-ジイル基又はデカヒドロナフタレン-2,6-ジイル基(ナフタレン-2,6-ジイル基又は1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロナフタレン-2,6-ジイル基中に存在する1個の-CH=又は隣接していない2個以上の-CH=は-N=に置き換えられても良い。)
からなる群より選ばれる基を表し、上記の基(a)、基(b)及び基(c)はそれぞれ独立してシアノ基、フッ素原子又は塩素原子で置換されていても良く、
ZL1及びZL2はそれぞれ独立して単結合、-CH2CH2-、-(CH2)4-、-OCH2-、-CH2O-、-COO-、-OCO-、-OCF2-、-CF2O-、-CH=N-N=CH-、-CH=CH-、-CF=CF-又は-C≡C-を表し、
nL1が2又は3であってAL2が複数存在する場合は、それらは同一であっても異なっていても良く、nL1が2又は3であってZL2が複数存在する場合は、それらは同一であっても異なっていても良いが、一般式(N-1)、(N-2)、(N-3)、(J)及び(i)で表される化合物を除く。)
一般式(L)で表される化合物は単独で用いてもよいが、組み合わせて使用することもできる。組み合わせることができる化合物の種類に特に制限は無いが、低温での溶解性、転移温度、電気的な信頼性、複屈折率などの所望の性能に応じて適宜組み合わせて使用する。使用する化合物の種類は、例えば本発明の一つの実施形態としては1種類である。あるいは本発明の別の実施形態では2種類であり、3種類であり、4種類であり、5種類であり、6種類であり、7種類であり、8種類であり、9種類であり、10種類以上である。
RL31及びRL32はそれぞれ独立して炭素原子数1~5のアルキル基、炭素原子数4~5のアルケニル基又は炭素原子数1~4のアルコキシ基が好ましい。
RL41は炭素原子数1~5のアルキル基又は炭素原子数2~5のアルケニル基が好ましく、RL42は炭素原子数1~5のアルキル基、炭素原子数4~5のアルケニル基又は炭素原子数1~4のアルコキシ基が好ましい。)
一般式(L-4)で表される化合物は単独で使用することもできるが、2以上の化合物を組み合わせて使用することもできる。組み合わせることができる化合物の種類に特に制限は無いが、低温での溶解性、転移温度、電気的な信頼性、複屈折率などの求められる性能に応じて適宜組み合わせて使用する。使用する化合物の種類は、例えば本発明の一つの実施形態としては1種類であり、2種類であり、3種類であり、4種類であり、5種類以上である。
RL51は炭素原子数1~5のアルキル基又は炭素原子数2~5のアルケニル基が好ましく、RL52は炭素原子数1~5のアルキル基、炭素原子数4~5のアルケニル基又は炭素原子数1~4のアルコキシ基が好ましい。
一般式(L-6)で表される化合物は下記の化合物である。
RL61及びRL62はそれぞれ独立して炭素原子数1~5のアルキル基又は炭素原子数2~5のアルケニル基が好ましく、XL61及びXL62のうち一方がフッ素原子他方が水素原子であることが好ましい。
式中、RL71及びRL72はそれぞれ独立して炭素原子数1~5のアルキル基、炭素原子数2~5のアルケニル基又は炭素原子数1~4のアルコキシ基が好ましく、AL71及びAL72はそれぞれ独立して1,4-シクロヘキシレン基又は1,4-フェニレン基が好ましく、AL71及びAL72上の水素原子はそれぞれ独立してフッ素原子によって置換されていてもよく、ZL71は単結合又はCOO-が好ましく、単結合が好ましく、XL71及びXL72は水素原子が好ましい。
式中、RL81及びRL82はそれぞれ独立して炭素原子数1~5のアルキル基、炭素原子数2~5のアルケニル基又は炭素原子数1~4のアルコキシ基が好ましく、AL81は1,4-シクロヘキシレン基又は1,4-フェニレン基が好ましく、AL71及びAL72上の水素原子はそれぞれ独立してフッ素原子によって置換されていてもよく、一般式(L-8)中の同一の環構造上にフッ素原子は0個又は1個が好ましく、分子内にフッ素原子は0個又は1個であることが好ましい。
Sp201及びSp202はそれぞれ独立して、単結合、炭素原子数1~8のアルキレン基又は-O-(CH2)s-(式中、sは2から7の整数を表し、酸素原子は芳香環に結合するものとする。)が好ましく、
Z201は-OCH2-、-CH2O-、-COO-、-OCO-、-CF2O-、-OCF2-、-CH2CH2-、-CF2CF2-、-CH=CH-COO-、-CH=CH-OCO-、-COO-CH=CH-、-OCO-CH=CH-、-COO-CH2CH2-、-OCO-CH2CH2-、-CH2CH2-COO-、-CH2CH2-OCO-、-COO-CH2-、-OCO-CH2-、-CH2-COO-、-CH2-OCO-、-CY1=CY2-(式中、Y1及びY2はそれぞれ独立して、フッ素原子又は水素原子を表す。)、-C≡C-又は単結合を表し、
L201およびL202はそれぞれ独立して、フッ素原子、炭素原子数1~8のアルキル基または炭素原子数1~8のアルコキシ基であり、
M201は1,4-フェニレン基、トランス-1,4-シクロヘキシレン基又は単結合を表し、式中の全ての1,4-フェニレン基は、任意の水素原子がフッ素原子、炭素原子数1~8のアルキル基または炭素原子数1~8のアルコキシ基により置換されていても良く、n201およびn202はそれぞれ独立して、0~4の整数である。)で表される二官能モノマーが好ましい。
これらの骨格を含む重合性化合物は重合後の配向規制力がPSA型液晶表示素子に最適であり、良好な配向状態が得られることから、表示ムラが抑制されるか、又は、全く発生しない。
本発明の組成物に重合性化合物を含有する場合の含有量は、0.01質量%~5質量%であることが好ましく、0.05質量%~3質量%であることが好ましく、0.1質量%~2質量%であることが好ましい。
Ral1は、水素原子、ハロゲン、1~20個の炭素原子を有する直鎖状、分枝状もしくは環状アルキルを示し、ここで当該アルキル基において、1または2つ以上の隣接していないCH2基は、-O-、-S-、-CO-、-CO-O-、-O-CO-、-O-CO-O-によって、Oおよび/またはS原子が互いに直接結合しないように置換されてもよく、さらに1個または2個以上の水素原子は、FまたはClによって置き換えられていてもよい、
Ral2は、以下のいずれかの部分構造を備えた基を表し、
Xal1、Xal2およびXal3はそれぞれ互いに独立して、アルキル基、アクリル基、メタクリル基またはビニル基を示し、
Zal1は、-O-、-S-、-CO-、-CO-O-、-OCO-、-O-CO-O-、-OCH2-、-CH2O-、-SCH2-、-CH2S-、-CF2O-、-OCF2-、-CF2S-、-SCF2-、-(CH2)n al-、-CF2CH2-、-CH2CF2-、-(CF2)n al-、-CH=CH-、-CF=CF-、-C≡C-、-CH=CH-COO-、-OCO-CH=CH-、-(CRal3Ral4)n a1-、-CH(-Spal1-Xal1)-、-CH2CH(-Spal1-Xal1)-、-CH(-Spal1-Xal1)CH(-Spal1-Xal1)-を示し、
Zal2はそれぞれ互いに独立して、単結合、-O-、-S-、-CO-、-CO-O-、-OCO-、-O-CO-O-、-OCH2-、-CH2O-、-SCH2-、-CH2S-、-CF2O-、-OCF2-、-CF2S-、-SCF2-、-(CH2)n1-、-CF2CH2-、-CH2CF2-、-(CF2)n al-、-CH=CH-、-CF=CF-、-C≡C-、-CH=CH-COO-、-OCO-CH=CH-、-(CRal3Ral4)na1-、-CH(-Spal1-Xal1)-、-CH2CH(-Spal1-Xal1)-、-CH(-Spal1-Xal1)CH(-Spal1-Xal1)-を示し、
Lal1、Lal2、Lal3はそれぞれ互いに独立して、水素原子、フッ素原子、塩素原子、臭素原子、ヨウ素原子、-CN、-NO2、-NCO、-NCS、-OCN、-SCN、-C(=O)N(Ral3)2、-C(=O)Ral3、3~15個の炭素原子を有する任意に置換されたシリル基、任意に置換されたアリール基もしくはシクロアルキル基または1~25個の炭素原子を表すが、ここで、1個もしくは2個以上の水素原子がハロゲン原子(フッ素原子、塩素原子)によって置き換えられていてもよく、
上記Ral3は、1~12個の炭素原子を有するアルキル基を表し、上記Ral4は、水素原子または1~12個の炭素原子を有するアルキル基を表し、上記nalは、1~4の整数を表し、
pal1、pal2およびpal3はそれぞれ互いに独立して、0または1を表し、mal1、mal2およびmal3はそれぞれ互いに独立して、0~3の整数を表し、nal1、nal2およびnal3はそれぞれ互いに独立して、0~3の整数を表す。)
一般式(Al-2):
Aal21およびAa122はそれぞれ独立して、2価の6員環芳香族基又は2価の6員環脂肪族基を表すが、2価の無置換の6員環芳香族基、2価の無置換の6員環脂肪族基又はこれらの環構造中の水素原子は、置換されていないか炭素原子数1~6のアルキル基、炭素原子数1~6のアルコキシ基、ハロゲン原子で置換されていていることが好ましく、2価の無置換の6員環芳香族基若しくはこの環構造中の水素原子がフッ素原子で置換された基、又は2価の無置換の6員環脂肪族基が好ましく、置換基上の水素原子が、ハロゲン原子、アルキル基又はアルコキシ基によって置換されていても良い1,4-フェニレン基、2,6-ナフタレン基又は1,4-シクロヘキシル基が好ましいが、少なくとも一つの置換基はPi1-Spi1-で置換されており、
Zi1、Aal21およびAa122がそれぞれ複数存在する場合は、それぞれ互いに同一であっても異なっていてもよく、
Spi1は、好ましくは炭素原子数1~18の直鎖状アルキレン基又は単結合を表し、より好ましくは炭素原子数2~15の直鎖状アルキレン基又は単結合を表し、更に好ましくは炭素原子数3~12の直鎖状アルキレン基又は単結合を表し、
Ral21は、水素原子、炭素原子数1~20の直鎖又は分岐のアルキル基、ハロゲン化アルキル基、又はPi1-Spi1-を表し、該アルキル基中の-CH2-は、-O-、-OCO-、又は-COO-が好ましく(ただし-O-は連続にはならない)、より好ましくは、水素原子、炭素原子数1~18の直鎖又は分岐のアルキル基、又はPi1-Spi1-を表し、該アルキル基中の-CH2-は、-O-、-OCO-(ただし-O-は連続にはならない)を表す。
miii1は、1~5の整数を表し、
miii2は、1~5の整数を表し、
Gi1は、2価、3価、4価のいずれかの分岐構造、または2価、3価、4価のいずれかの脂肪族または芳香族の環構造を表し、
miii3は、Gi1の価数より1小さい整数を表す。)
本発明に係る自発配向剤は、以下の一般式(al-1-1)で表される化合物がより好ましい。
その他、液晶パネルの配向層を無くす手段としては、重合性化合物を含有する液晶組成物を第1の基板および第2の基板間に充填する際に、当該晶組成物をTni以上の状態で充填し、重合性化合物を含有する液晶組成物に対してUV照射を行い重合性化合物を硬化させる方法などが挙げられる。
RQは炭素原子数1から22の直鎖アルキル基又は分岐鎖アルキル基を表し、該アルキル基中の1つ又は2つ以上のCH2基は、酸素原子が直接隣接しないように、-O-、-CH=CH-、-CO-、-OCO-、-COO-、-C≡C-、-CF2O-、-OCF2-で置換されてよいが、炭素原子数1から10の直鎖アルキル基、直鎖アルコキシ基、1つのCH2基が-OCO-又は-COO-に置換された直鎖アルキル基、分岐鎖アルキル基、分岐アルコキシ基、1つのCH2基が-OCO-又は-COO-に置換された分岐鎖アルキル基が好ましく、炭素原子数1から20の直鎖アルキル基、1つのCH2基が-OCO-又は-COO-に置換された直鎖アルキル基、分岐鎖アルキル基、分岐アルコキシ基、1つのCH2基が-OCO-又は-COO-に置換された分岐鎖アルキル基が更に好ましい。MQはトランス-1,4-シクロへキシレン基、1,4-フェニレン基又は単結合を表すが、トランス-1,4-シクロへキシレン基又は1,4-フェニレン基が好ましい。
本願発明の組成物において、一般式(Q)で表される化合物又は一般式(III-1)~(III-38)から選ばれる化合物を1種又は2種以上含有することが好ましく、1種から5種含有することが更に好ましく、その含有量は0.001から1質量%であることが好ましく、0.001から0.1質量%が更に好ましく、0.001から0.05質量%が特に好ましい。
本発明の好適な液晶表示素子において、第一の基板と、第二の基板との間の液晶組成物と接する面には液晶層5の液晶分子を配向させるため、必要に応じて配向層を設けてもよい。配向層を必要とする液晶表示素子においては、光変換層と液晶層と間に配置するものであるが、配向層の膜厚が厚いものでも100nm以下と薄く、光変換層を構成する発光用ナノ結晶、顔料等の色素と液晶層を構成する液晶化合物との相互作用を完全に遮断するものでは無い。
本発明に係る配向層が光配向層の場合は、光応答性分子を1種以上含むものであればよい。前記光応答性分子は、光に応答して二量化により架橋構造を形成する光応答性二量化型分子、光に応答して異性化し偏光軸に対して略垂直または平行に配向する光応答性異性化型分子、および光に応答して高分子鎖が切断する光応答性分解型高分子からなる群から選択される少なくとも1種が好ましく、光応答性異性化型分子が感度、配向規制力の点から特に好ましい。
酸化チタンについては、混合前に、1mmHgの減圧下、2時間、120℃で加熱し、窒素ガス雰囲気下で放冷したものを用いた。実施例で用いた液状の材料は、混合前にあらかじめ、モレキュラーシーブス3Aで48時間以上脱水して用いた。
エチレン性不飽和モノマーとして、下記表1に示すモノマーを準備した。
EOEOA:MIWON社製
HEA:関東化学社製
DPGDA:MIWON社製
GTA:東亜合成社製
TMETA:新中村化学工業社製
HDDMA:新中村化学工業社製
[ラウリン酸インジウム溶液の調製]
1-オクタデセン(ODE)10g、酢酸インジウム146mg(0.5mmol)及びラウリン酸300mg(1.5mmol)を反応フラスコに添加し混合物を得た。真空下において混合物を140℃にて2時間加熱することで透明な溶液(ラウリン酸インジウム溶液)を得た。この溶液は、必要になるまで室温でグローブボックス中に維持した。なお、ラウリン酸インジウムは室温では溶解性が低く沈殿しやすいため、ラウリン酸インジウム溶液を使用する際は、該溶液(ODE混合物)中の沈殿したラウリン酸インジウムを約90℃に加熱して透明な溶液を形成した後、所望量を計量して用いた。
トリオクチルホスフィンオキサイド(TOPO)5g、酢酸インジウム1.46g(5mmol)及びラウリン酸3.16g(15.8mmol)を反応フラスコに添加し混合物を得た。窒素(N2)環境下において混合物を160℃にて40分間加熱した後、真空下で250℃にて20分間加熱した。次いで、反応温度(混合物の温度)を窒素(N2)環境の下で300℃に昇温した。この温度で、1-オクタデセン(ODE)3gとトリス(トリメチルシリル)ホスフィン0.25g(1mmol)との混合物を反応フラスコに迅速に導入し、反応温度を260℃に維持した。5分後、ヒーターの除去により反応を停止させ、得られた反応溶液を室温に冷却した。次いで、トルエン8ml及びエタノール20mlをグローブボックス中の反応溶液に添加した。続いて遠心分離を行いInPナノ結晶粒子を沈殿させた後、上澄みの傾瀉によってInPナノ結晶粒子を得た。次いで、得られたInPナノ結晶粒子をヘキサンに分散させた。これにより、InPナノ結晶粒子を5質量%含有する分散液(ヘキサン分散液)を得た。
上記で得られたInPナノ結晶粒子(InPコア)のヘキサン分散液を反応フラスコに2.5g加えた後、室温にて、オレイン酸0.7gを反応フラスコに添加し、温度を80℃に上げて2時間保持した。次いで、この反応混合物中に、ODE1mlに溶解したジエチル亜鉛14mg、ビス(トリメチルシリル)セレニド8mg及びヘキサメチルジシラチアン7mg(ZnSeS前駆体溶液)を滴下し、200℃に昇温して10分保持することによって、厚さが0.5モノレイヤーのZnSeSシェルを形成させた。
窒素ガス気流下、JEFAMINE M-1000(Huntsman社製)及び、JEFAMINE M-1000と等モル量の無水コハク酸(Sigma-Aldrich社製)とから、下記式(1A)で表されるリガンドを得た。
上記有機リガンド30mgを上記で得られたInP/ZnSeS/ZnSナノ結晶粒子のODE分散液1mlに添加した。次いで、90℃で5時間加熱することによりリガンド交換を行った。リガンド交換の進行に伴い、ナノ結晶粒子の凝集が見られた。リガンド交換終了後、上澄みの傾瀉を行い、ナノ結晶粒子を得た。次いで、得られたナノ結晶粒子にエタノール3mlを加え、超音波処理して再分散させた。得られたナノ結晶粒子のエタノール分散液3mLにn-ヘキサン10mlを添加した。続いて、遠心分離を行いナノ結晶粒子を沈殿させた後、上澄みの傾瀉及び真空下での乾燥によってナノ結晶粒子(上記有機リガンドで修飾されたInP/ZnSeS/ZnSナノ結晶粒子)を得た。有機リガンドで修飾されたナノ結晶粒子全量に占める有機リガンドの含有量は30質量%であった。得られたナノ結晶粒子(上記有機リガンドで修飾されたInP/ZnSeS/ZnSナノ結晶粒子)を、分散体中の含有量が34.5質量%となるようにEOEOAに分散させることにより、赤色発光用ナノ結晶分散体1を得た。分散体中のEOEOAの含有量は65.5質量%であった。
[緑色発光用ナノ結晶のコア(InPコア)の合成]
トリオクチルホスフィンオキサイド(TOPO)5g、酢酸インジウム1.46g(5mmol)及びラウリン酸3.16g(15.8mmol)を反応フラスコに添加し混合物を得た。窒素(N2)環境下において混合物を160℃にて40分間加熱した後、真空下で250℃にて20分間加熱した。次いで、反応温度(混合物の温度)を窒素(N2)環境の下で300℃に昇温した。この温度で、1-オクタデセン(ODE)3gとトリス(トリメチルシリル)ホスフィン0.25g(1mmol)との混合物を反応フラスコに迅速に導入し、反応温度を260℃に維持した。5分後、ヒーターの除去により反応を停止させ、得られた反応溶液を室温に冷却した。次いで、トルエン8ml及びエタノール20mlをグローブボックス中の反応溶液に添加した。続いて遠心分離を行いInPナノ結晶粒子(InPコア)を沈殿させた後、上澄みの傾瀉によってInPナノ結晶粒子(InPコア)を得た。次いで、得られたInPナノ結晶粒子(InPコア)をヘキサンに分散させて、InPナノ結晶粒子(InPコア)を5質量%含有する分散液(ヘキサン分散液)を得た。
上記で得られたInPナノ結晶粒子(InPコア)のヘキサン分散液を反応フラスコに2.5g加えた後、室温にて、オレイン酸0.7gを反応フラスコに添加し、温度を80℃に上げた。次いで、この反応混合物中に、ODE1mlに溶解したジエチル亜鉛14mg、ビス(トリメチルシリル)セレニド8mg及びヘキサメチルジシラチアン7mg(ZnSeS前駆体溶液)を滴下することによって、0.5モノレイヤーに相当する厚みのZnSeSシェルを形成させた。
上記有機リガンド30mgを上記で得られたナノ結晶粒子のODE分散液1mlに添加した。次いで、90℃で5時間加熱することによりリガンド交換を行った。リガンド交換の進行に伴い、ナノ結晶粒子の凝集が見られた。リガンド交換終了後、上澄みの傾瀉を行い、ナノ結晶粒子にエタノール3mlを加え、超音波処理して再分散させた。得られたナノ結晶粒子のエタノール分散液3mLにn-ヘキサン10mlを添加した。続いて、遠心分離を行いナノ結晶粒子を沈殿させた後、上澄みの傾瀉及び真空下での乾燥によってナノ結晶粒子(上記有機リガンドで修飾されたInP/ZnSeS/ZnSナノ結晶粒子)を得た。有機リガンドで修飾されたナノ結晶粒子全量に占める有機リガンドの含有量は35質量%であった。得られたナノ結晶粒子(上記有機リガンドで修飾されたInP/ZnSeS/ZnSナノ結晶粒子)を、分散体中の含有量が30.0質量%となるようにEOEOAに分散させることにより、緑色発光用ナノ結晶分散体1を得た。分散体中のEOEOAの含有量は70.0質量%であった。
窒素ガスで満たした容器内で、酸化チタン(商品名:CR-60-2、石原産業(株)製、平均粒子径(体積平均径):210nm)を33.0gと、高分子分散剤(商品名:アジスパーPB-821、味の素ファインテクノ(株)製)を1.00gと、DPGDAを26.0gに混合した後、得られた混合物にジルコニアビーズ(直径:1.25mm)を加え、ペイントコンディショナーを用いて2時間振とうさせることで混合物を分散処理し、ポリエステルメッシュフィルタにてジルコニアビーズを除去することで光拡散粒子分散液1(酸化チタン含有量:55質量%)を得た。分散体中のDPGDAの含有量は、43.3質量%であった。
2.1 活性エネルギー線硬化型(UV硬化型)インク組成物1~10の調製とその評価
<実施例1>
[赤色インク組成物(インクジェットインク)の調製]
赤色発光用ナノ結晶分散体1を5.95gと、光拡散粒子分散液1を3.68gと、光重合開始剤であるフェニル(2,4,6-トリメチルベンゾイル)ホスフィン酸エチル(IGM resin社製、商品名:Omnirad TPO-L)を0.35gとを、窒素ガスで満たした容器内で均一に混合した後、グローブボックス内で、混合物を孔径5μmのフィルタでろ過した。さらに、窒素ガスを得られた濾過物を入れた容器内に導入し、容器内を窒素ガスで飽和させ、インク組成物1を得た。
光拡散粒子分散液1に代えて光拡散粒子分散液2を用いたこと以外は、実施例1と同様にしてインク組成物2を調製した。
赤色発光用ナノ結晶分散体1に代えて赤色発光用ナノ結晶分散体2を用いたこと以外は、実施例1と同様にしてインク組成物3を調製した。
赤色発光用ナノ結晶分散体1に代えて赤色発光用ナノ結晶分散体2を用いたこと、及び、光拡散粒子分散液1に代えて光拡散粒子分散液3を用いたこと以外は、実施例1と同様にしてインク組成物4を調製した。
赤色発光用ナノ結晶分散体1に代えて赤色発光用ナノ結晶分散体3を用いたこと、及び、光拡散粒子分散液1に代えて光拡散粒子分散液4を用いたこと以外は、実施例1と同様にしてインク組成物5を調製した。
[緑色インク組成物(インクジェットインク)の調製]
緑色発光用ナノ結晶分散体1を6.83gと、光拡散粒子分散液1を2.82gと、光重合開始剤であるフェニル(2,4,6-トリメチルベンゾイル)ホスフィン酸エチル(IGM resin社製、商品名:Omnirad TPO-L)を0.35gとを、窒素ガスで満たした容器内で均一に混合した後、グローブボックス内で、混合物を孔径5μmのフィルタでろ過した。さらに、窒素ガスを得られた濾過物を入れた容器内に導入し、容器内を窒素ガスで飽和させた。次いで、減圧して窒素ガスを除去することにより、インク組成物7を得た。
光拡散粒子分散液1に代えて光拡散粒子分散液2を用いたこと以外は、実施例6と同様にしてインク組成物8を調製した。
緑色発光用ナノ結晶分散体1に代えて緑色発光用ナノ結晶分散体2を用いたこと以外は、実施例6と同様にしてインク組成物9を調製した。
緑色発光用ナノ結晶分散体1に代えて緑色発光用ナノ結晶分散体2を用いたこと、及び、光拡散粒子分散液1に代えて光拡散粒子分散液3を用いたこと以外は、実施例6と同様にしてインク組成物10を調製した。
緑色発光用ナノ結晶分散体1に代えて緑色発光用ナノ結晶分散体3を用いたこと、及び、光拡散粒子分散液1に代えて光拡散粒子分散液4を用いたこと以外は、実施例6と同様にしてインク組成物11を調製した。
[吐出安定性評価]
インク組成物を、調製後、23℃、50%RHの環境下で1週間保管した。保管後のインク組成物について、インクジェットプリンター(富士フイルムDimatix社製、商品名「DMP-2831」)を用いて吐出試験を実施した。吐出試験では、インクジェットヘッドの温度を40℃に加温し、インク組成物を10分間連続で吐出させた。なお、本インクジェットプリンターのインクを吐出するヘッド部には16個のノズルが形成されており、1ノズル当たり、吐出一回あたりのインク組成物の使用量は10pLとした。実施例1~10のインク組成物の吐出安定性を以下の基準で評価した。結果を表2~4に示す。
A:連続吐出可能(16個のノズル中、10ノズル以上で連続吐出可能)
B:連続吐出不可(16個のノズル中、連続吐出可能なノズル数が9ノズル以下)
C:吐出不可
実施例1~10のインク組成物について硬化性評価を行った。具体的には、各インク組成物を、ガラス基板(スライドガラス)上に、膜厚が4μmとなるように、スピンコーターにて塗布した。得られた膜を窒素置換ボックスに入れ、窒素置換ボックスを窒素で満たした状態にし、膜に対して紫外線を500mJ/cm2の露光量で照射した。次いで、紫外線照射後の層の表面を綿棒でこすり、以下の基準で硬化性を評価した。結果を表2~4に示す。評価がAの実施例では、ガラス基板上にインク組成物の硬化物からなる層(光変換層)を形成することができた。
A:硬化(綿棒の先にインク組成物が付sd着しない)
B:未硬化(綿棒の先にインク組成物が付着する)
面発光光源としてシーシーエス(株)社製の青色LED(ピーク発光波長:450nm)を用いた。測定装置は、大塚電子(株)製の放射分光光度計(商品名「MCPD-9800」)に積分球を接続し、青色LEDの上側に積分球を設置した。青色LEDと積分球との間に、上記硬化性評価と同じ手順で作製した光変換層を有する基材を挿入し、青色LEDを点灯させて観測されるスペクトル、各波長における照度を測定した。
Red EQE(%)=P1(Red)/E(Blue)×100
Green EQE(%)=P2(Green)/E(Blue)×100
E(Blue):380~490nmの波長域における「照度×波長÷hc」の合計値を表す。
P1(Red):590~780nmの波長域における「照度×波長÷hc」の合計値を表す。
P2(Green):500~650nmの波長域における「照度×波長÷hc」の合計値を表す。
A:20%以上
B:15%以上20%未満
C:15%未満
A:15%以上
B:10%以上15%未満
C:5%未満
実施例1~10のインク組成物の量子収率(QY)を、浜松ホトニクス株式会社製の絶対量子収率測定装置Quantaurus-QYの溶液測定モードにより測定した。具体的には、まず、専用セルにPGMEA(プロピレングリコールモノメチルエーテルアセテート)を4000μl入れ、続いて実施例1のインク組成物を12μl加えて測定試料を調製した。実施例1のインク組成物に代えて、実施例2~10のインク組成物をそれぞれ用いたこと以外は、同様にして、実施例2~10の測定試料を調整した。次いで、実施例1~10の測定試料を用いて、実施例1~10のインク組成物の量子収率(QY)を測定した。
A:60%以上
B:50%以上60%未満
C:50%未満
A:50%以上
B:40%以上50%未満
C:40%未満
[インクジェット用インクの製造]
参考例1(赤色発光量子ドット含有ミルベース1の調整例)
InP/ZnS量子ドット(SIGMA-ALDRICH製「製品番号776785-5mg/mL」固形分50質量部を含むトルエン溶液10000質量部(固形分0.5質量%)、フェノキシエチルアクリレート45質量部、アミン価40mgKOHのアクリル系高分子分散体(BASF社製「EFKA-PX4701」)5質量部を攪拌機で1時間攪拌混合した後、減圧を行い、トルエンを除去した。その溶液をビーズミルで4時間処理してミルベースを作製した。
InP/ZnS量子ドット(SIGMA-ALDRICH製、製品番号:776793-5mg/mL)固形分50質量部を含むトルエン溶液10000質量部(固形分0.5質量%)、フェノキシエチルアクリレート45質量部、アミン価40mgKOHのアクリル系高分子分散体(BASF社製「EFKA-PX4701」)5質量部を攪拌機で1時間攪拌混合した後、減圧を行い、トルエンを除去した。その溶液をビーズミルで4時間処理してミルベースを作製した。
光拡散粒子(石原産業社製酸化チタン「TTO-55(D)」)60質量部、ジプロピレングリコールジアクリレート34質量部、アミン価40mgKOHのアクリル系高分子分散体(BASF社製「EFKA-PX4701」)6質量部を攪拌機で1時間攪拌混合した。その溶液をビーズミルで4時間処理してミルベースを作製した。
ジプロピレングリコールジアクリレート30質量部、重合開始剤1(BASF社製「イルガキュア819」)3質量部、重合開始剤2(BASF社製「イルガキュアTPO」)4質量部、重合開始剤(ランブソン社製「DETX」)3質量部、表面張力調整剤(EO変性ポリシロキサン、ビックケミー社「BYK-378」0.3質量部を加えて光重合開始剤を60℃で溶解した溶液に、参考例1で得られたミルベース1の60質量部を加えて十分に混合後、4.5μmのメンブレンフィルタでろ過することにより、赤色発光用量子ドットを30質量%で含有するジェットプリンター用インク組成物12を作製した。
ジプロピレングリコールジアクリレート30質量部、重合開始剤1(BASF社製「イルガキュア819」)3質量部、重合開始剤2(BASF社製「イルガキュアTPO」)4質量部、重合開始剤(ランブソン社製「DETX」)3質量部、表面張力調整剤(EO変性ポリシロキサン、ビックケミー社「BYK-378」0.3質量部を加えて光重合開始剤を60℃で溶解した溶液に、参考例2で得られたミルベース2の60質量部を加えて十分に混合後、4.5μmのメンブレンフィルタでろ過することにより、緑色発光用量子ドットを30質量%で含有するジェットプリンター用インク組成物13を作製した。
重合開始剤1(BASF社製「イルガキュア819」)3質量部、重合開始剤2(BASF社製「イルガキュアTPO」)4質量部、重合開始剤(ランブソン社製「DETX」)3質量部、表面張力調整剤(EO変性ポリシロキサン、ビックケミー社「BYK-378」0.3質量部を、参考例1で得られたミルベース1の60質量部と参考例3で得られたミルベース3の40質量部を加えて十分に混合後、4.5μmのメンブレンフィルタでろ過することにより、赤色発光用量子ドットを30質量%及び光拡散粒子を18質量%で含有するジェットプリンター用インク組成物14を作製した。
重合開始剤1(BASF社製「イルガキュア819」)3質量部、重合開始剤2(BASF社製「イルガキュアTPO」)4質量部、重合開始剤(ランブソン社製「DETX」)3質量部、表面張力調整剤(EO変性ポリシロキサン、ビックケミー社「BYK-378」0.3質量部を、参考例2で得られたミルベース2の60質量部と参考例3で得られたミルベース3の40質量部を加えて十分に混合後、4.5μmのメンブレンフィルタでろ過することにより、緑色発光用量子ドットを30質量%及び光拡散粒子を18質量%で含有するジェットプリンター用インク組成物15を作製した。
InP/ZnS量子ドット(SIGMA-ALDRICH製「製品番号776785-5mg/mL」固形分50質量部を含むトルエン溶液10000質量部(固形分0.5質量%)、フェノキシエチルアクリレート45質量部、アミノ基を有しない高分子分散剤(ビックケミー社製「DISPER BYK-102」)5質量部を攪拌機で1時間攪拌混合した後、減圧を行い、トルエンを除去した。その溶液をビーズミルで4時間処理してミルベースを作製した。得らえたミルベースは流動性が無く実用性が無いものであった。よって、その後のインク調整を断念した。
InP/ZnS量子ドット(SIGMA-ALDRICH製、製品番号:776793-5mg/mL)固形分50質量部を含むトルエン溶液10000質量部(固形分0.5質量%)、フェノキシエチルアクリレート45質量部、アミノ基を有しない高分子分散剤(ビックケミー社製「DISPER BYK-102」)5質量部を攪拌機で1時間攪拌混合した後、減圧を行い、トルエンを除去した。その溶液をビーズミルで4時間処理してミルベースを作製した。得らえたミルベースは流動性が無く実用性が無いものであった。よって、その後のインク調整を断念した。
<溶剤の準備>
溶剤として、1,4-ブタンジオールジアセテート(商品名:1,4-BDDA、株式会社ダイセル製)を準備した。
光拡散粒子として、酸化チタン(商品名:MPT141、石原産業株式会社製、平均粒子径(体積平均径):100nm)を準備した。
高分子分散剤として、以下の高分子分散剤1~10を準備した。
高分子分散剤1:DISPERBYK-2164(アミン価14mgKOH/g、酸価0mgKOH/g、BYK社製の商品名、「DISPERBYK」は登録商標)
高分子分散剤2:アジスパーPB821(アミン価10mgKOH/g、酸価17mgKOH/g、味の素ファインテクノ株式会社製の商品名、「アジスパー」は登録商標)
高分子分散剤3:アジスパーPB881(アミン価17mgKOH/g、酸価17mgKOH/g、味の素ファインテクノ株式会社製の商品名、「アジスパー」は登録商標)
高分子分散剤4:DISPERBYK-2155(アミン価48mgKOH/g、酸価0mgKOH/g、BYK社製の商品名、「DISPERBYK」は登録商標)
高分子分散剤5:ソルスパース33000(アミン価43.2±6.8mgKOH/g、酸価26±2mgKOH/g、ルーブリゾール社製の商品名、「ソルスパース」は登録商標)
高分子分散剤6:ソルスパース39000(アミン価29.5±4.8mgKOH/g、酸価16.5±2mgKOH/g、ルーブリゾール社製の商品名、「ソルスパース」は登録商標)
高分子分散剤7:ソルスパース71000(アミン価77.4±8.1mgKOH/g、酸価0mgKOH/g、ルーブリゾール社製の商品名、「ソルスパース」は登録商標)
高分子分散剤8:DISPERBYK-111(アミン価0mgKOH/g、酸価129mgKOH/g、BYK社製の商品名、「DISPERBYK」は登録商標)
高分子分散剤9:DISPERBYK-118(アミン価0mgKOH/g、酸価36mgKOH/g、BYK社製の商品名、「DISPERBYK」は登録商標)
高分子分散剤10:DISPERBYK-2009(アミン価4mgKOH/g、酸価0mgKOH/g、BYK社製の商品名、「DISPERBYK」は登録商標)
熱硬化性樹脂として、エポキシ基を有するアクリル樹脂(商品名:ファインディックA-254、DIC株式会社製、「ファインディック」は登録商標)を準備した。
酸無水物系硬化剤として、1-メチルシクロヘキサン-4,5-ジカルボン酸無水物(試薬、東京化成工業株式会社製)を準備した。
硬化触媒として、ジメチルベンジルアミン(試薬、東京化成工業株式会社製)を準備した。
窒素ガスで満たした容器内で、酸化チタンを2.4gと、高分子分散剤1を0.4gと、溶剤1を混合した後、得られた混合物にジルコニアビーズ(直径:1.25mm)を加え、ペイントコンディショナーを用いて2時間振とうさせることで混合物の分散処理し、ポリエステルメッシュフィルタにてジルコニアビーズを除去することで光拡散粒子分散液6(不揮発分:44質量%)を得た。高分子分散剤1に代えて、高分子分散剤2~10を用いたこと以外は、上記と同様にして、光拡散粒子分散液7~15を得た。
熱硬化性樹脂を0.28gと、硬化剤を0.09gと、硬化触媒を0.004gと、を溶剤1に溶解させて、熱硬化性樹脂溶液1(不揮発分:30質量%)を得た。
<熱硬化性インク用、ナノ結晶粒子分散体>
前記の赤色発光用ナノ結晶分散体1、および前記の緑色発光用ナノ結晶分散体1における、EOEOAの代わりに1,4-BDDAを用いて赤色発光用ナノ結晶分散体(TR1)および前記の緑色発光用ナノ結晶分散体(TG1)を得た。尚、分散体中の固形分濃度は30%となるように調整した。
赤色発光用ナノ結晶分散体(TR1)を2.25gと、光拡散粒子分散液1を0.75gと、熱硬化性樹脂溶液1を1.25gと、を混合した後、混合物を孔径5μmのフィルタでろ過することにより、インク組成物16を得た。インク組成物中の光拡散粒子の平均粒子径(体積平均径MV)は0.26μmであった。なお、本実施例において、上記インク組成物中の光拡散粒子の平均粒子径(体積平均径MV)は、動的光散乱式ナノトラック粒度分布計(日機装株式会社製、商品名「ナノトラック」)を用いて測定した。
また、同様にして、緑色発光用ナノ結晶分散体(TG1)を用いてインク組成物17を得た。
光拡散粒子分散液6~15について、分散体の目視により、光拡散粒子の分散性を評価した。光拡散粒子分散液6~14については、分散体が流動性をもち、酸化チタンが良好な分散状態にあることが確認された。光拡散粒子分散液15については、分散体がゲル化し、分散不良であることが確認された。
上記で得られたインク組成物16を用いて、以下の手順でインク組成物の発光特性を評価した。すなわち、インク組成物16を50μLに対して、溶剤を5mL添加することで量子ドット発光特性(QD発光特性)評価用試料を調製した。QD発光特性としてQD発光強度を分光蛍光光度計(日本分光株式会社製、商品名「FP8600」)にて測定した。測定セルは、光路長10mmセルを用い、検出感度は「very low」を選択した。得られた発光強度の値はスペクトルのピークトップの数値とした。親和性評価の評価基準は以下のとおりである。結果を表1に示す。
a:発光強度が250(arb.u)以上
b:発光強度が250(arb.u)未満
光拡散粒子分散液6に代えて、以下の表に記載の高分子分散剤により作製した光拡散粒子分散液を用いたこと以外は、実施例15と同様にして、実施例16~21、及び比較例3~5のインク組成物を得た。各インク組成物中の光拡散粒子の平均粒子径(体積平均径MV)は、実施例2~7がそれぞれ0.275μm、0.266μm、0.227μm、0.246μm、0.295μm、及び0.265μmであり、比較例3~4がそれぞれ0.210μm、及び0.281μmであった。実施例16~21、及び比較例3~5で得られた各インク組成物を用いて、実施例15と同様にして、発光特性評価を行った。結果を以下の表に示す。※:発光用ナノ結晶の凝集が発生した。
厚み0.7mmで10cm×10cmのガラス基板(旭硝子(株)製)上に、フォトリソグラフィ法により線幅20μm、膜厚1.2μmのブラックマトリックスパターンを形成した。
厚み0.7mmで10cm×10cmのガラス基板(旭硝子(株)製)上に、フォトリソグラフィ法により線幅20μm、膜厚1.2μmのブラックマトリックスパターンを形成した。
無アルカリガラスからなるガラス基板(日本電気硝子社製の「OA-10G」)上に金属クロムをスパッタリング後、フォトリソグラフィ法にてパターン形成したのち、フォトレジストSU-8(日本化薬株式会社製)を塗布、露光、現像、ポストベークして、クロムパターン上に、SU-8パターンを形成した。
以上の操作により、複数種の画素部を備えるパターン付き光変換層3を得た。
無アルカリガラスからなるガラス基板(日本電気硝子社製の「OA-10G」)上に金属クロムをスパッタリング後、フォトリソグラフィ法にてパターン形成したのち、フォトレジストSU-8(日本化薬株式会社製)を塗布、露光、現像、ポストベークして、クロムパターン上に、SU-8パターンを形成した。
以上の操作により、複数種の画素部を備えるパターン付き光変換層4を得た。
「4.表示素子の製造」
上記した実施例22で得られた光変換層1、実施例24で得られた光変換層3及び実施例25で得られた光変換層4を用いて本発明の液晶表示素子を作成した。
-n -CnH2n+1 炭素原子数nの直鎖状のアルキル基
n- CnH2n+1- 炭素原子数nの直鎖状のアルキル基
-On -OCnH2n+1 炭素原子数nの直鎖状のアルコキシル基
nO- CnH2n+1O- 炭素原子数nの直鎖状のアルコキシル基
-V -CH=CH2
V- CH2=CH-
-V1 -CH=CH-CH3
1V- CH3-CH=CH-
-2V -CH2-CH2-CH=CH3
V2- CH2=CH-CH2-CH2-
-2V1 -CH2-CH2-CH=CH-CH3
1V2- CH3-CH=CH-CH2-CH2
(連結基)
-n- -CnH2n-
-nO- -CnH2n-O-
-On- -O-CnH2n-
-COO- -C(=O)-O-
-OCO- -O-C(=O)-
-CF2O- -CF2-O-
-OCF2- -O-CF2-
(環構造)
Δn :20℃における屈折率異方性
Δε :20℃における誘電率異方性
η :20℃における粘度(mPa・s)
γ1 :20℃における回転粘度(mPa・s)
K11 :20℃における弾性定数K11(pN)
K33 :20℃における弾性定数K33(pN)
KAVG :K11とK33の平均値(KAVG=(K11+K33)/2)(pN)
VHR測定
(周波数60Hz,印加電圧1Vの条件下で333Kにおける電圧保持率(%))
450nmに主発光ピークを有するLED耐光試験:
2万cd/m2の450nmに主発光ピークを有する可視光LED光源で1週間暴露する前と後のVHRを測定した。
385nmをピークにもつ単色LEDで60秒130J照射する前と後のVHRを測定した。
前記光変換層1上にクラレ社製「ポバール103」水溶液(固形分濃度4質量%)を塗布・乾燥させた後、ラビング処理を施した。
上記対向基板1のITO上および第1基板の透明電極上に、ポリイミド系垂直配向層をそれぞれ形成した後、前記透明電極およびポリイミド系垂直配向層が形成された第1基板と、前記ポリイミド系垂直配向層が形成された対向基板1とを、それぞれの配向層が対向し、当該配向層の配向方向がアンチパラレル方向(180°)となるように配置し、2枚の基板間に一定の間隙(4μm)を保った状態で、周辺部をシール剤により貼り合わせた。
また、VA型液晶パネル1で使用した対向基板1の代わりに光変換層3を備えた対向基板4を用いた以外はVA型液晶パネル1と同様の方法でVA型液晶パネルA1(組成例1の液晶組成物を使用)を作製した。その結果、14時間耐光試験後のVHR値の低下は見られなかった。
また、VA型液晶パネル1で使用した対向基板1の代わりに光変換層4を備えた対向基板7を用いた以外はVA型液晶パネル1と同様の方法でVA型液晶パネルB1を作製した。その結果、14時間耐光試験後のVHR値の低下は見られなかった。
次に、組成例1に記載の液晶組成物を、VA型液晶パネル1の間隙(4μm)を間隙(3.5μm)に変更したVA型液晶パネル2と、VA型液晶パネル1の間隙(4μm)を間隙(2.8μm)に変更したVA型液晶パネル3とを用いて、透過率のシミュレーションを行った(シンテック社製LCDMasterを使用)。その結果を以下に示す。
Re=Δn×d
(上記数式(1)中、Δnは589nmにおける屈折率異方性を表し、dは液晶表示素子の液晶層のセル厚(μm)を表す。)
同様に、上記組成例2~9においても透過率が向上することが確認される。そのため、
リタデーション(Re)が、220~300nmの範囲であると透過率が向上すると考えられる。
以下の重合性化合物
以下の重合性化合物(XX-5)と、
透明電極が形成された第1基板と、上記インセル偏光層を表面備えた光変換層4が形成された対向基板4(上記第2の透明電極基板)とを、それぞれの電極が対向するように配置し、2枚の基板間に一定の間隙(4μm)を保った状態で、周辺部をシール剤により貼り合わせた。次に、配向層表面及びシール剤により区画されたセルギャップ内に、以下の自発配向剤(以下の式(SA-1))2質量部と、上記重合性化合物(XX-2)0.5質量部と、上記組成例7を99.7質量部と、
透明電極が形成された第1基板と、上記インセル偏光層を表面備えた光変換層3が形成された対向基板3(上記第2の透明電極基板)とを、それぞれの電極が対向するように配置し、2枚の基板間に一定の間隙(4μm)を保った状態で、周辺部をシール剤により貼り合わせた。次に、配向層表面及びシール剤により区画されたセルギャップ内に、以下の自発配向剤(以下の式(SA-2))2質量部と、上記重合性化合物(XX-5)0.5質量部と、上記組成物例4を99.7質量部と、
第1基板に形成された一対の櫛歯電極の上に、配向層溶液をスピンコート法により形成し、配向層を形成した。櫛形透明電極および配向層が形成された第1基板と、配向層、上記インセル偏光層、光変換層1および前記光変換層1上に平坦化膜が形成された形成された第2基板を、それぞれの配向層が対向し、かつ直線偏光を照射した、または水平方向にラビングした方向がアンチパラレル方向(180°)となるように配置し、2枚の基板間に一定の間隙(4μm)を保った状態活性エネルギー線で、周辺部をシール剤により張り合わせた。次に、配向層表面及びシール剤により区画されたセルギャップ内に、上記の液晶組成物(液晶組成物6)を、真空注入法により充填し、その後一対の偏光板を第1基板および第2基板上に貼りあわせIPS型の液晶パネルを作製した。
第1の透明基板に平板状の共通電極を形成した後、絶縁層膜を形成し、さらに当該絶縁層膜上に透明櫛歯電極を形成した後、当該透明櫛歯電極上に配向層溶液をスピンコート法により形成し、第1の電極基板を形成した。配向層、上記インセル偏光層、光変換層1および平坦化膜が形成された第2基板にも同様にして配向層を形成した。次いで、櫛形透明電極および配向層が形成された第1基板と、配向層、偏光層、光変換層1および光変換層1上に平坦化膜が形成された第2基板を、それぞれの配向層が対向し、かつ直線偏光を照射した、またはラビングした方向がアンチパラレル方向(180°)となるように配置し、2枚の基板間に一定の間隙(4μm)を保った状態で、周辺部をシール剤により張り合わせた。次に、配向層表面及びシール剤により区画されたセルギャップ内に、上記の液晶組成物(液晶組成物9)を、滴下法により充填しFFS型の液晶パネルを作製した。
(バックライトユニット1の作製)
青色LED光源を導光板の一辺の端部に設置し、反射シートで照射面を除く部分を覆い、導光板の照射側に拡散シートを配置してバックライトユニット1を作製した。
光を散乱反射する下側反射板上に格子状に青色LEDが配置され、さらにその照射側直上には拡散板を配置し、さらにその照射側に拡散シートを配置しバックライトユニット2を作製した。
上記得られたVA型液晶パネル1、VA型液晶パネルA1、VA型液晶パネルB1およびVA型液晶パネル2対して、上記で作製したバックライトユニット1~2をそれぞれ取り付けて色再現領域を測定した。その結果、いずれも光変換層を備えた液晶表示素子と光変換層を備えていない従来の液晶表示素子とでは、前者の方が色再現領域が拡大することが確認された。とりわけ光変化層中に光拡散粒子を含有するVA型液晶パネルは、光変換効率が高く優れた色再現性を発現した。
100:バックライトユニット(101:光源部、102:導光部、103:光変換部)
101:光源部(L:発光素子(105:発光ダイオード、110:光源基板)、112a、b:固定部材)
102:導光部(106:拡散板、104:導光板)
103:光源・導光部
110:光源基板
111:透明充填容器
112a、b:固定部材
NC:発光用ナノ結晶(化合物半導体)
1、8:偏光層
2、7:透明基板
3:第一の電極層
3’:第二の電極層
4:配向層
5:液晶層
6:カラーフィルタ(樹脂に色素が含まれる場合も含む)
9:支持基板
11:ゲート電極
12:ゲート絶縁膜
13:半導体層
14:保護層
16:ドレイン電極
17:ソース電極
18:パッシベーション膜
21:画素電極
22:共通電極
23、25:絶縁層
Claims (35)
- 発光用ナノ結晶、アミン価5mg/KOHg以上である高分子分散剤、及び外部刺激に応答して硬化する刺激応答性硬化材料を必須成分とすることを特徴とする分散体。
- 前記高分子分散剤の酸価が50mgKOH/g以下である、請求項1に記載の分散体。
- 前記高分子分散剤の重量平均分子量は1000以上である、請求項1又は2に記載の分散体。
- 光拡散粒子をさらに含む請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載の分散体。
- 前記光拡散粒子は、酸化チタン、アルミナ、酸化ジルコニウム、酸化亜鉛、炭酸カルシウム、硫酸バリウム及びシリカからなる群より選択される少なくとも1種を含む、請求項4に記載の分散体。
- 前記刺激応答性硬化材料は、活性エネルギー線硬化性単量体又は熱硬化性樹脂である、請求項1~5のいずれか1項に記載の分散体。
- 前記刺激応答性硬化材料は、アルカリ不溶性である、請求項1~6のいずれか1項に記載の分散体。
- アルカリ不溶性の塗膜を形成可能である、請求項1~7のいずれか1項に記載の分散体。
- 前記発光用ナノ結晶の前記分散体中の含有率が10~70質量%の範囲にある請求項1~8のいずれか1項に記載の分散体。
- 前記発光用ナノ結晶は、第一の半導体材料を少なくとも1種又は2種以上含むコアと、
前記コアを被覆し、かつ前記コアと同一または異なる第二の半導体材料を含むシェルとを有する、請求項1~9に記載の分散体。 - 前記高分子分散剤が、ポリエーテル鎖、ポリエステル鎖、ポリアルキレンイミン鎖、ポリオレフィン鎖を主骨格とし、かつ、塩基性官能基を樹脂構造中に有するものである請求項1~10のいずれか1項に記載の分散体。
- 前記発光用ナノ結晶、アミン価が8~50mgKOH/gの範囲にある前記高分子分散剤、及び前記活性エネルギー線硬化性単量体を必須成分とする、活性エネルギー線硬化性を示す請求項6に記載の分散体。
- 前記活性エネルギー線硬化性単量体が光ラジカル重合性化合物である、請求項12に記載の分散体。
- 発光用ナノ結晶、アミン価が8~50mgKOH/gの範囲にある塩基性高分子分散剤、及び活性エネルギー線硬化性単量体に加え、ウレタン(メタ)アクリレート樹脂、ポリエステル(メタ)アクリレート樹脂、及びエポキシ(メタ)アクリレート樹脂からなる群から選択される活性エネルギー線硬化型樹脂を含有する請求項12又は13に記載の分散体。
- 前記活性エネルギー線硬化性単量体が、単官能(メタ)アクリレート及び/又は多官能(メタ)アクリレートである請求項12~14のいずれか1項に記載の分散体。
- 更に、重合開始剤を配合してなる請求項12~15のいずれか1項に記載の分散体。
- 前記刺激応答性硬化材料が熱硬化性樹脂であり、前記発光用ナノ結晶と、前記光拡散粒子と、前記高分子分散剤と、前記熱硬化性樹脂と、を含有し、前記高分子分散剤のアミン価が5mgKOH/g以上である、請求項6に記載の分散体。
- 表面張力が20~40mN/mである、請求項1~17のいずれか1項に記載の分散体。
- 粘度が2~20mPa・sである、請求項1~18のいずれか1項に記載の分散体。
- 沸点が180℃以上である溶剤を更に含有する、請求項1~19のいずれか1項に記載の分散体。
- 前記請求項1~20のいずれか1つの分散体から構成されるインク組成物。
- インクジェット方式で用いられる、請求項21に記載のインク組成物。
- カラーフィルタ用である、請求項21又は22に記載のインク組成物。
- 請求項22記載のインク組成物をインクジェット方式により基材上に印刷、硬化させてなる光変換層。
- 複数の画素部を備える光変換層であって、
前記複数の画素部は、請求項21~13のいずれか1項に記載のインク組成物の硬化物を含む画素部を有する、光変換層。 - 前記複数の画素部間に設けられた遮光部を更に備え、
前記複数の画素部は、
前記硬化物を含み、且つ、前記発光性ナノ結晶粒子として、420~480nmの範囲の波長の光を吸収し605~665nmの範囲に発光ピーク波長を有する光を発する発光用ナノ結晶を含有する、第1の画素部と、
前記硬化物を含み、且つ、前記発光性ナノ結晶粒子として、420~480nmの範囲の波長の光を吸収し500~560nmの範囲に発光ピーク波長を有する光を発する発光用ナノ結晶を含有する、第2の画素部と、
を有する、請求項24または25に記載の光変換層。 - 前記複数の画素部は、420~480nmの範囲の波長の光に対する透過率が30%以上である第3の画素部を更に有する、請求項26に記載の光変換層。
- 請求項24~27のいずれか1項に記載の光変換層を備える、カラーフィルタ。
- 第一の基板および第二の基板が対向して設けられる一対の基板と、
前記第一の基板と第二の基板と間に挟持された液晶層と、
前記第一の基板または第二の基板の少なくとも一方に設けられた画素電極と、
前記第一の基板または第二の基板の少なくとも一方に設けられた共通電極と、
発光素子を備えた光源部と、
前記光源部からの光を赤色、緑色、青色のいずれかへ光変換可能な光変換層と、
を備え、
前記液晶層が一般式(i)
前記光変換層が発光用ナノ結晶、アミン価5mg/KOHg以上である高分子分散剤、及び外部刺激に応答して硬化する刺激応答性硬化材料 を必須の構成要素とするものであることを特徴とする液晶表示素子。 - 前記光変換層が、請求項24記載のインクジェット用インク組成物の硬化物で構成されている請求項29記載の液晶表示素子。
- 前記光変換層が、ブラックマトリクスを有し、青色光を吸収し赤色光を発光する第一の発光用ナノ結晶及び青色光を吸収し緑色光を発光する第二の発光用ナノ結晶を含有するものである請求項29記載の液晶表示素子。
- 前記光源部からの発光が青色光であって、かつ、光変換層における青色画素を形成する青色画素領域が該青色光を透過させるものである請求項32記載の表示素子。
- 前記光変換層は、前記光源部側の基板と対向する基板側に設けられている、請求項29~32のいずれか1つに記載の液晶表示素子。
- 前記液晶組成物が、一般式(N-1)
AN11及びAN12はそれぞれ独立して
(a) 1,4-シクロヘキシレン基(この基中に存在する1個の-CH2-又は隣接していない2個以上の-CH2-は-O-に置き換えられてもよい。)及び
(b) 1,4-フェニレン基(この基中に存在する1個の-CH=又は隣接していない2個以上の-CH=は-N=に置き換えられてもよい。)
(c) ナフタレン-2,6-ジイル基、1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロナフタレン-2,6-ジイル基又はデカヒドロナフタレン-2,6-ジイル基(ナフタレン-2,6-ジイル基又は1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロナフタレン-2,6-ジイル基中に存在する1個の-CH=又は隣接していない2個以上の-CH=は-N=に置き換えられても良い。)
(d) 1,4-シクロヘキセニレン基
からなる群より選ばれる基を表し、上記の基(a)、基(b)、基(c)及び基(d)はそれぞれ独立してシアノ基、フッ素原子又は塩素原子で置換されていても良く、
ZN11及びZN12はそれぞれ独立して、単結合、-CH2CH2-、-(CH2)4-、-OCH2-、-CH2O-、-COO-、-OCO-、-OCF2-、-CF2O-、-CH=N-N=CH-、-CH=CH-、-CF=CF-又は-C≡C-を表し、
nN11及びnN12はそれぞれ独立して、0~3の整数を表すが、nN11+nN12はそれぞれ独立して1、2又は3であり、AN11~AN12、ZN11~ZN12が複数存在する場合は、それらは同一であっても異なっていても良い。)で表される化合物を20~80質量%含有し誘電率異方性(Δε)が-1以下の液晶組成物を含む請求項29~33のいずれか1つに記載の液晶表示素子。 - 前記液晶組成物は、一般式(J)
nJ1は、0、1、2、3又は4を表し、
AJ1、AJ2及びAJ3はそれぞれ独立して、
(a) 1,4-シクロヘキシレン基(この基中に存在する1個の-CH2-又は隣接していない2個以上の-CH2-は-O-に置き換えられてもよい。)
(b) 1,4-フェニレン基(この基中に存在する1個の-CH=又は隣接していない2個以上の-CH=は-N=に置き換えられてもよい。)及び
(c) ナフタレン-2,6-ジイル基、1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロナフタレン-2,6-ジイル基又はデカヒドロナフタレン-2,6-ジイル基(ナフタレン-2,6-ジイル基又は1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロナフタレン-2,6-ジイル基中に存在する1個の-CH=又は隣接していない2個以上の-CH=は-N=に置き換えられても良い。)
からなる群より選ばれる基を表し、上記の基(a)、基(b)及び基(c)はそれぞれ独立してシアノ基、フッ素原子、塩素原子、メチル基、トリフルオロメチル基又はトリフルオロメトキシ基で置換されていても良く、
ZJ1及びZJ2はそれぞれ独立して単結合、-CH2CH2-、-(CH2)4-、-OCH2-、-CH2O-、-OCF2-、-CF2O-、-COO-、-OCO-又は-C≡C-を表し、
nJ1が2、3又は4であってAJ2が複数存在する場合は、それらは同一であっても異なっていても良く、nJ1が2、3又は4であってZJ1が複数存在する場合は、それらは同一であっても異なっていても良く、
XJ1は、水素原子、フッ素原子、塩素原子、シアノ基、トリフルオロメチル基、フルオロメトキシ基、ジフルオロメトキシ基、トリフルオロメトキシ基又は2,2,2-トリフルオロエチル基を表す。)で表される化合物を5~60質量%含有し、誘電率異方性(Δε)が1以上の液晶組成物を含む請求項29~34のいずれか1つに記載の液晶表示素子。
Priority Applications (7)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2018557436A JP6547915B2 (ja) | 2016-12-28 | 2017-12-21 | 分散体及びそれを用いたインクジェット用インク組成物、光変換層、及び液晶表示素子 |
KR1020197018135A KR102232006B1 (ko) | 2016-12-28 | 2017-12-21 | 분산체 및 그것을 사용한 잉크젯용 잉크 조성물, 광변환층, 및 액정 표시 소자 |
US16/474,357 US10947403B2 (en) | 2016-12-28 | 2017-12-21 | Dispersion and inkjet ink composition, light conversion layer, and liquid crystal display element using the dispersion |
CN202111170967.0A CN113861760B (zh) | 2016-12-28 | 2017-12-21 | 分散体 |
CN201780077697.4A CN110088650B (zh) | 2016-12-28 | 2017-12-21 | 分散体和使用其的喷墨用油墨组合物、光转换层、和液晶显示元件 |
KR1020217008251A KR102470362B1 (ko) | 2016-12-28 | 2017-12-21 | 분산체 및 그것을 사용한 잉크젯용 잉크 조성물, 광변환층, 및 액정 표시 소자 |
US17/133,773 US20210139730A1 (en) | 2016-12-28 | 2020-12-24 | Dispersion and inkjet ink composition, light conversion layer, and liquid crystal display element using the dispersion |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2016-255102 | 2016-12-28 | ||
JP2016255102 | 2016-12-28 | ||
JP2017177108 | 2017-09-14 | ||
JP2017-177108 | 2017-09-14 |
Related Child Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US16/474,357 A-371-Of-International US10947403B2 (en) | 2016-12-28 | 2017-12-21 | Dispersion and inkjet ink composition, light conversion layer, and liquid crystal display element using the dispersion |
US17/133,773 Continuation US20210139730A1 (en) | 2016-12-28 | 2020-12-24 | Dispersion and inkjet ink composition, light conversion layer, and liquid crystal display element using the dispersion |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2018123821A1 true WO2018123821A1 (ja) | 2018-07-05 |
Family
ID=62708209
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2017/045993 WO2018123821A1 (ja) | 2016-12-28 | 2017-12-21 | 分散体及びそれを用いたインクジェット用インク組成物、光変換層、及び液晶表示素子 |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US10947403B2 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP6547915B2 (ja) |
KR (2) | KR102470362B1 (ja) |
CN (2) | CN110088650B (ja) |
TW (1) | TWI766927B (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2018123821A1 (ja) |
Cited By (19)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2019167640A1 (ja) * | 2018-03-01 | 2019-09-06 | Dic株式会社 | 重合性化合物並びにそれを使用した液晶組成物及び液晶表示素子 |
WO2020008896A1 (ja) * | 2018-07-03 | 2020-01-09 | Dic株式会社 | 配向助剤、液晶組成物および液晶表示素子 |
JP2020015838A (ja) * | 2018-07-26 | 2020-01-30 | Dic株式会社 | インク組成物、光変換層及びカラーフィルタ |
JP2020015895A (ja) * | 2018-07-13 | 2020-01-30 | Dic株式会社 | インク組成物、光変換層及びカラーフィルタ |
KR20200010008A (ko) * | 2018-07-20 | 2020-01-30 | 한양대학교 산학협력단 | 디스플레이 및 그 제조방법 |
JP2020045440A (ja) * | 2018-09-20 | 2020-03-26 | 東洋インキScホールディングス株式会社 | 半導体微粒子組成物、該組成物を用いてなる塗工液、インキ組成物、及びインクジェットインキ、塗工物、印刷物、波長変換フィルム、カラーフィルター、発光素子 |
JP2020070427A (ja) * | 2018-10-31 | 2020-05-07 | 東洋インキScホールディングス株式会社 | インク組成物、インクジェットインキ、印刷物及びカラーフィルタ |
KR20200062664A (ko) * | 2018-11-27 | 2020-06-04 | 한국생산기술연구원 | 잉크젯 패터닝이 가능한 페로브스카이트 양자점 나노복합체 잉크 |
JP2020094174A (ja) * | 2018-11-30 | 2020-06-18 | 東洋インキScホールディングス株式会社 | 量子ドット、インク組成物及び印刷物 |
WO2020162552A1 (ja) * | 2019-02-07 | 2020-08-13 | Dic株式会社 | カラーフィルタ用インクジェットインク、光変換層及びカラーフィルタ |
JP2020128457A (ja) * | 2019-02-07 | 2020-08-27 | Dic株式会社 | インク組成物、光変換層、カラーフィルタ及び発光性画素部の形成方法 |
JP2020129034A (ja) * | 2019-02-07 | 2020-08-27 | Dic株式会社 | カラーフィルタ用インクジェットインク、光変換層及びカラーフィルタ |
WO2021132333A1 (ja) * | 2019-12-26 | 2021-07-01 | 住友化学株式会社 | 感光性組成物 |
CN113795535A (zh) * | 2019-03-14 | 2021-12-14 | 路博润先进材料公司 | 经由酸酐中间体制备的多胺聚酯分散剂 |
US20230174854A1 (en) * | 2020-08-05 | 2023-06-08 | Shenzhen China Star Optoelectronics Semiconductor Display Technology Co., Ltd. | Manufacturing method of optical film and optical film |
EP3976672A4 (en) * | 2019-05-24 | 2023-07-05 | Applied Materials, Inc. | COLOR CONVERSION LAYERS FOR LIGHT EMITTING DEVICES |
US11760934B2 (en) | 2017-11-17 | 2023-09-19 | Dic Corporation | Polymerizable compound, and liquid crystal composition and liquid crystal display element in which the compound is used |
US11888096B2 (en) | 2020-07-24 | 2024-01-30 | Applied Materials, Inc. | Quantum dot formulations with thiol-based crosslinkers for UV-LED curing |
US11908979B2 (en) | 2020-08-28 | 2024-02-20 | Applied Materials, Inc. | Chelating agents for quantum dot precursor materials in color conversion layers for micro-LEDs |
Families Citing this family (22)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
KR100986249B1 (ko) * | 2008-03-11 | 2010-10-07 | (주)에이씨티 | 관중추출물 및 이를 이용한 천연 항균, 방부제 조성물. |
TWI814843B (zh) * | 2018-07-03 | 2023-09-11 | 日商Dic股份有限公司 | 液晶顯示元件之製造方法 |
CN108878671A (zh) * | 2018-07-05 | 2018-11-23 | 武汉华星光电半导体显示技术有限公司 | Oled封装结构、oled显示面板及其制作方法 |
KR20200006652A (ko) | 2018-07-10 | 2020-01-21 | 삼성디스플레이 주식회사 | 잉크조성물, 그 제조 방법, 및 이를 이용한 양자점-폴리머 복합체 패턴 제조방법 |
JP7371098B2 (ja) * | 2018-08-17 | 2023-10-30 | エンリッチ バイオシステムズ インコーポレイテッド | 粒子および細胞を選択かつ単離するシステムおよび方法ならびにその使用 |
KR102285669B1 (ko) * | 2018-08-27 | 2021-08-04 | 동우 화인켐 주식회사 | 컬러 필터, 그 제조 방법, 및 컬러 필터를 포함하는 화상표시장치 |
JP2020062834A (ja) * | 2018-10-18 | 2020-04-23 | 株式会社ミマキエンジニアリング | 印刷装置、印刷方法、パウダリング装置、及びパウダリング方法 |
CN109491136A (zh) * | 2019-01-16 | 2019-03-19 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | 一种滤光结构及其制备方法、显示装置 |
JP2021031669A (ja) * | 2019-08-28 | 2021-03-01 | 東京応化工業株式会社 | 硬化性インク組成物、硬化物、及びナノコンポジット |
CN110673244B (zh) * | 2019-09-27 | 2021-02-02 | 南京贝迪新材料科技股份有限公司 | 一种量子点复合增亮膜及其制备方法 |
TWI722587B (zh) * | 2019-10-02 | 2021-03-21 | 清颺科技有限公司 | 光轉換單元、led顯示面板及led背光模組 |
CN110596950A (zh) * | 2019-10-29 | 2019-12-20 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | 一种量子点彩色滤光层及其制作方法、显示面板及装置 |
GB2594036A (en) * | 2020-02-19 | 2021-10-20 | Merck Patent Gmbh | A Process for surface planarization |
AU2021260107A1 (en) * | 2020-04-23 | 2022-12-22 | Sicpa Holding Sa | Process for producing dichroic security features for securing value documents |
JP7052937B1 (ja) * | 2020-09-10 | 2022-04-12 | Dic株式会社 | 発光粒子含有インク組成物、光変換層および発光素子 |
TWI811582B (zh) * | 2020-11-09 | 2023-08-11 | 優美特創新材料股份有限公司 | 高穩定性半導體奈米材料 |
US11870018B2 (en) | 2020-11-12 | 2024-01-09 | Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. | Display panel and production method thereof |
US11466205B2 (en) | 2020-11-25 | 2022-10-11 | Unique Materials Co., Ltd. | Semiconductor nanomaterial with high stability |
CN112231941B (zh) * | 2020-12-10 | 2021-03-23 | 季华实验室 | Oled喷印液滴质量预估方法、装置、存储介质和终端 |
US20220267667A1 (en) * | 2021-02-23 | 2022-08-25 | Lawrence Livermore National Security, Llc | Smart nanoscale materials with colloidal core/shell nanoparticles |
CN115491080B (zh) * | 2021-06-18 | 2023-08-29 | 苏州星烁纳米科技有限公司 | 光转换层油墨组合物及其制备方法、光转换层及滤色器 |
CN113917757B (zh) * | 2021-11-26 | 2023-10-13 | 浙江精一新材料科技有限公司 | 含有非线性结构液体聚合物的光阀装置、非线性结构液体聚合物及其制备方法 |
Citations (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH1060442A (ja) * | 1996-08-14 | 1998-03-03 | Chisso Corp | 液晶組成物および液晶表示素子 |
JP2000033778A (ja) * | 1998-07-16 | 2000-02-02 | Dainippon Printing Co Ltd | 熱転写シート及び画像形成方法 |
JP2012502322A (ja) * | 2008-09-10 | 2012-01-26 | メルク パテント ゲゼルシャフト ミット ベシュレンクテル ハフツング | 偏光を発する蛍光バックライトを有する液晶ディスプレイ |
JP2015120900A (ja) * | 2013-12-18 | 2015-07-02 | ダウ グローバル テクノロジーズ エルエルシー | 変形力のある波長変換媒体 |
US20150301408A1 (en) * | 2013-05-28 | 2015-10-22 | Boe Technology Group Co., Ltd. | Quantum dot color filter and manufacturing method thereof, and display apparatus |
US20160011506A1 (en) * | 2013-12-30 | 2016-01-14 | Boe Technology Group Co., Ltd. | Photosensitive resin composition and method for forming quantum dot pattern using the same |
WO2016047588A1 (ja) * | 2014-09-26 | 2016-03-31 | 富士フイルム株式会社 | 水性顔料分散液及びその製造方法、着色組成物、インク組成物、インクジェット記録用インク組成物、並びに、インクジェット記録方法 |
WO2016104401A1 (ja) * | 2014-12-26 | 2016-06-30 | Nsマテリアルズ株式会社 | 波長変換部材及びその製造方法 |
US20160215212A1 (en) * | 2015-01-23 | 2016-07-28 | Dongwoo Fine-Chem Co., Ltd. | Photosensitive resin composition and display device |
JP2016526174A (ja) * | 2013-04-25 | 2016-09-01 | 東友ファインケム株式会社Dongwoo Fine−Chem Co., Ltd. | 光学積層体 |
JP2017021322A (ja) * | 2015-07-07 | 2017-01-26 | 東友ファインケム株式会社Dongwoo Fine−Chem Co., Ltd. | 量子ドット分散体及びこれを含む自発光型感光性樹脂組成物、並びにこれを利用して製造されたカラーフィルター及び画像表示装置 |
Family Cites Families (28)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4670178A (en) | 1985-09-09 | 1987-06-02 | Allergan Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | Method for the simultaneous cleaning and disinfecting of contact lenses |
RU2092183C1 (ru) | 1988-05-26 | 1997-10-10 | Ника Хелт Продактс Лимитед (Лихтенштейн) | Антивирусный или антибактериальный состав и способ его употребления |
IL109705A (en) | 1993-06-17 | 1998-07-15 | Allergan Inc | Enzyme compositions and methods for contact lens cleaning |
JP3730269B2 (ja) | 1994-07-11 | 2005-12-21 | 太陽化学株式会社 | 変性リゾチーム含有抗菌剤 |
US7838275B2 (en) | 2000-07-07 | 2010-11-23 | New York University | Anti-HIV and anti-tumor peptides and fragments of lysozyme |
JP5043650B2 (ja) | 2005-03-25 | 2012-10-10 | 大日本印刷株式会社 | カラーフィルター用インクジェットインク組成物、カラーフィルターの製造方法、及びカラーフィルター |
KR20060103976A (ko) | 2005-03-29 | 2006-10-09 | 주식회사 대우일렉트로닉스 | 세탁기용 수납함 |
KR20080032222A (ko) * | 2005-07-25 | 2008-04-14 | 후지필름 가부시키가이샤 | 유기 입자 분산 조성물의 제조 방법 |
JP2007113059A (ja) | 2005-10-19 | 2007-05-10 | Fujifilm Corp | 金属微粒子分散物の製造方法、金属微粒子分散物、並びに、これを用いた着色組成物、感光性転写材料、遮光画像付き基板、カラーフィルターおよび液晶表示装置 |
US7348301B2 (en) | 2006-02-16 | 2008-03-25 | Buckman Laboratories International, Inc. | Lysozyme-based method and composition to control the growth of microorganisms in aqueous systems |
JP5522768B2 (ja) | 2006-05-29 | 2014-06-18 | アサマ化成株式会社 | 食品用抗菌組成物 |
JP2008181067A (ja) | 2006-06-09 | 2008-08-07 | Fujifilm Corp | カラーフィルタ用インクジェットインク、カラーフィルタ、カラーフィルタの製造方法、及び表示装置 |
WO2008001693A1 (fr) | 2006-06-29 | 2008-01-03 | Idemitsu Kosan Co., Ltd. | Composition fluorescente et substrat de conversion de fluorescence l'utilisant |
US7393618B2 (en) * | 2006-09-15 | 2008-07-01 | Idemitsu Kosan Co., Ltd. | Composition for color converting member and production method of color conversion substrate using the same |
JP4996934B2 (ja) | 2007-02-05 | 2012-08-08 | 独立行政法人農業・食品産業技術総合研究機構 | 組換え型リゾチームの製造法 |
EP2153838B1 (en) | 2007-06-12 | 2014-01-08 | Hiroshima University | Anti-norovirus agent, and composition comprising the same |
KR100894294B1 (ko) | 2007-11-22 | 2009-04-24 | 배광열 | 과수용 해충 포살시트 |
JP2009280766A (ja) * | 2008-05-26 | 2009-12-03 | Sharp Corp | インク組成物 |
WO2010038669A1 (ja) | 2008-09-30 | 2010-04-08 | 大日本印刷株式会社 | カラーフィルター用インクジェットインク組成物、カラーフィルター、カラーフィルターの製造方法、及び液晶表示装置 |
US9726928B2 (en) * | 2011-12-09 | 2017-08-08 | Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. | Backlight unit and liquid crystal display including the same |
JP5958803B2 (ja) * | 2012-03-28 | 2016-08-02 | 富士フイルム株式会社 | 活性光線硬化型インクジェットインク組成物及びその製造方法、インクジェット記録方法、並びに、印刷物 |
JP6079118B2 (ja) | 2012-10-10 | 2017-02-15 | コニカミノルタ株式会社 | 発光層形成用インク組成物、発光素子の作製方法及びエレクトロルミネッセンスデバイス |
KR101879016B1 (ko) | 2014-11-21 | 2018-07-16 | 동우 화인켐 주식회사 | 자발광 감광성 수지 조성물, 이로부터 제조된 컬러필터 및 상기 컬러필터를 포함하는 화상표시장치 |
JP6707348B2 (ja) * | 2015-01-09 | 2020-06-10 | 三星ディスプレイ株式會社Samsung Display Co.,Ltd. | 感光性樹脂組成物、これを用いた色変換パネル及び表示装置 |
WO2016189827A1 (ja) * | 2015-05-28 | 2016-12-01 | 富士フイルム株式会社 | 重合性組成物、波長変換部材、バックライトユニット、および液晶表示装置 |
CN105372867A (zh) * | 2015-12-02 | 2016-03-02 | 深圳市华星光电技术有限公司 | 量子点彩膜基板的制作方法 |
CN105353555B (zh) * | 2015-12-08 | 2018-08-14 | 深圳市华星光电技术有限公司 | 量子点彩膜基板的制作方法 |
JP2019532473A (ja) * | 2016-10-12 | 2019-11-07 | カティーバ, インコーポレイテッド | 量子ドットおよびそのインクジェット印刷技法を利用するディスプレイデバイス |
-
2017
- 2017-12-21 KR KR1020217008251A patent/KR102470362B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2017-12-21 CN CN201780077697.4A patent/CN110088650B/zh active Active
- 2017-12-21 WO PCT/JP2017/045993 patent/WO2018123821A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2017-12-21 CN CN202111170967.0A patent/CN113861760B/zh active Active
- 2017-12-21 JP JP2018557436A patent/JP6547915B2/ja active Active
- 2017-12-21 US US16/474,357 patent/US10947403B2/en active Active
- 2017-12-21 KR KR1020197018135A patent/KR102232006B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2017-12-28 TW TW106146263A patent/TWI766927B/zh active
-
2020
- 2020-12-24 US US17/133,773 patent/US20210139730A1/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH1060442A (ja) * | 1996-08-14 | 1998-03-03 | Chisso Corp | 液晶組成物および液晶表示素子 |
JP2000033778A (ja) * | 1998-07-16 | 2000-02-02 | Dainippon Printing Co Ltd | 熱転写シート及び画像形成方法 |
JP2012502322A (ja) * | 2008-09-10 | 2012-01-26 | メルク パテント ゲゼルシャフト ミット ベシュレンクテル ハフツング | 偏光を発する蛍光バックライトを有する液晶ディスプレイ |
JP2016526174A (ja) * | 2013-04-25 | 2016-09-01 | 東友ファインケム株式会社Dongwoo Fine−Chem Co., Ltd. | 光学積層体 |
US20150301408A1 (en) * | 2013-05-28 | 2015-10-22 | Boe Technology Group Co., Ltd. | Quantum dot color filter and manufacturing method thereof, and display apparatus |
JP2015120900A (ja) * | 2013-12-18 | 2015-07-02 | ダウ グローバル テクノロジーズ エルエルシー | 変形力のある波長変換媒体 |
US20160011506A1 (en) * | 2013-12-30 | 2016-01-14 | Boe Technology Group Co., Ltd. | Photosensitive resin composition and method for forming quantum dot pattern using the same |
WO2016047588A1 (ja) * | 2014-09-26 | 2016-03-31 | 富士フイルム株式会社 | 水性顔料分散液及びその製造方法、着色組成物、インク組成物、インクジェット記録用インク組成物、並びに、インクジェット記録方法 |
WO2016104401A1 (ja) * | 2014-12-26 | 2016-06-30 | Nsマテリアルズ株式会社 | 波長変換部材及びその製造方法 |
US20160215212A1 (en) * | 2015-01-23 | 2016-07-28 | Dongwoo Fine-Chem Co., Ltd. | Photosensitive resin composition and display device |
JP2017021322A (ja) * | 2015-07-07 | 2017-01-26 | 東友ファインケム株式会社Dongwoo Fine−Chem Co., Ltd. | 量子ドット分散体及びこれを含む自発光型感光性樹脂組成物、並びにこれを利用して製造されたカラーフィルター及び画像表示装置 |
Cited By (39)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US11760934B2 (en) | 2017-11-17 | 2023-09-19 | Dic Corporation | Polymerizable compound, and liquid crystal composition and liquid crystal display element in which the compound is used |
WO2019167640A1 (ja) * | 2018-03-01 | 2019-09-06 | Dic株式会社 | 重合性化合物並びにそれを使用した液晶組成物及び液晶表示素子 |
US11739270B2 (en) | 2018-03-01 | 2023-08-29 | Dic Corporation | Polymerizable compound as well as liquid crystal composition and liquid crystal display device each including polymerizable compound |
JPWO2020008896A1 (ja) * | 2018-07-03 | 2021-03-11 | Dic株式会社 | 配向助剤、液晶組成物および液晶表示素子 |
WO2020008896A1 (ja) * | 2018-07-03 | 2020-01-09 | Dic株式会社 | 配向助剤、液晶組成物および液晶表示素子 |
CN112313310A (zh) * | 2018-07-03 | 2021-02-02 | Dic株式会社 | 取向助剂、液晶组合物及液晶显示元件 |
JP7294864B2 (ja) | 2018-07-13 | 2023-06-20 | Dic株式会社 | インク組成物、光変換層及びカラーフィルタ |
JP2020015895A (ja) * | 2018-07-13 | 2020-01-30 | Dic株式会社 | インク組成物、光変換層及びカラーフィルタ |
KR20200010008A (ko) * | 2018-07-20 | 2020-01-30 | 한양대학교 산학협력단 | 디스플레이 및 그 제조방법 |
KR102197737B1 (ko) | 2018-07-20 | 2021-01-04 | 한양대학교 산학협력단 | 디스플레이 및 그 제조방법 |
JP2020015838A (ja) * | 2018-07-26 | 2020-01-30 | Dic株式会社 | インク組成物、光変換層及びカラーフィルタ |
JP7087775B2 (ja) | 2018-07-26 | 2022-06-21 | Dic株式会社 | インク組成物、光変換層及びカラーフィルタ |
JP2020045440A (ja) * | 2018-09-20 | 2020-03-26 | 東洋インキScホールディングス株式会社 | 半導体微粒子組成物、該組成物を用いてなる塗工液、インキ組成物、及びインクジェットインキ、塗工物、印刷物、波長変換フィルム、カラーフィルター、発光素子 |
JP7147408B2 (ja) | 2018-09-20 | 2022-10-05 | 東洋インキScホールディングス株式会社 | 半導体微粒子組成物、該組成物を用いてなる塗工液、インキ組成物、及びインクジェットインキ、塗工物、印刷物、波長変換フィルム、カラーフィルター、発光素子 |
JP7326975B2 (ja) | 2018-10-31 | 2023-08-16 | 東洋インキScホールディングス株式会社 | インク組成物、インクジェットインキ、印刷物及びカラーフィルタ |
JP2020070427A (ja) * | 2018-10-31 | 2020-05-07 | 東洋インキScホールディングス株式会社 | インク組成物、インクジェットインキ、印刷物及びカラーフィルタ |
KR102173414B1 (ko) * | 2018-11-27 | 2020-11-03 | 한국생산기술연구원 | 잉크젯 패터닝이 가능한 페로브스카이트 양자점 나노복합체 잉크 |
KR20200062664A (ko) * | 2018-11-27 | 2020-06-04 | 한국생산기술연구원 | 잉크젯 패터닝이 가능한 페로브스카이트 양자점 나노복합체 잉크 |
JP2020094174A (ja) * | 2018-11-30 | 2020-06-18 | 東洋インキScホールディングス株式会社 | 量子ドット、インク組成物及び印刷物 |
JP7255412B2 (ja) | 2018-11-30 | 2023-04-11 | 東洋インキScホールディングス株式会社 | 量子ドット、インク組成物及び印刷物 |
WO2020162552A1 (ja) * | 2019-02-07 | 2020-08-13 | Dic株式会社 | カラーフィルタ用インクジェットインク、光変換層及びカラーフィルタ |
JP2020128457A (ja) * | 2019-02-07 | 2020-08-27 | Dic株式会社 | インク組成物、光変換層、カラーフィルタ及び発光性画素部の形成方法 |
KR102632511B1 (ko) * | 2019-02-07 | 2024-01-31 | 디아이씨 가부시끼가이샤 | 컬러 필터용 잉크젯 잉크, 광변환층 및 컬러 필터 |
JPWO2020162552A1 (ja) * | 2019-02-07 | 2021-09-09 | Dic株式会社 | カラーフィルタ用インクジェットインク、光変換層及びカラーフィルタ |
JP7238445B2 (ja) | 2019-02-07 | 2023-03-14 | Dic株式会社 | インク組成物、光変換層、カラーフィルタ及び発光性画素部の形成方法 |
KR20210104870A (ko) * | 2019-02-07 | 2021-08-25 | 디아이씨 가부시끼가이샤 | 컬러 필터용 잉크젯 잉크, 광변환층 및 컬러 필터 |
JP2020129034A (ja) * | 2019-02-07 | 2020-08-27 | Dic株式会社 | カラーフィルタ用インクジェットインク、光変換層及びカラーフィルタ |
CN113286866A (zh) * | 2019-02-07 | 2021-08-20 | Dic株式会社 | 彩色滤光片用喷墨墨水、光转换层及彩色滤光片 |
JP7318225B2 (ja) | 2019-02-07 | 2023-08-01 | Dic株式会社 | カラーフィルタ用インクジェットインク、光変換層及びカラーフィルタ |
CN113795535A (zh) * | 2019-03-14 | 2021-12-14 | 路博润先进材料公司 | 经由酸酐中间体制备的多胺聚酯分散剂 |
EP3976672A4 (en) * | 2019-05-24 | 2023-07-05 | Applied Materials, Inc. | COLOR CONVERSION LAYERS FOR LIGHT EMITTING DEVICES |
EP4083149A4 (en) * | 2019-12-26 | 2023-07-05 | Sumitomo Chemical Company, Limited | LIGHT SENSITIVE COMPOSITION |
WO2021132333A1 (ja) * | 2019-12-26 | 2021-07-01 | 住友化学株式会社 | 感光性組成物 |
KR20230165347A (ko) | 2019-12-26 | 2023-12-05 | 스미또모 가가꾸 가부시키가이샤 | 감광성 조성물 |
KR20230165348A (ko) | 2019-12-26 | 2023-12-05 | 스미또모 가가꾸 가부시키가이샤 | 감광성 조성물 |
KR20220123418A (ko) | 2019-12-26 | 2022-09-06 | 스미또모 가가꾸 가부시키가이샤 | 감광성 조성물 |
US11888096B2 (en) | 2020-07-24 | 2024-01-30 | Applied Materials, Inc. | Quantum dot formulations with thiol-based crosslinkers for UV-LED curing |
US20230174854A1 (en) * | 2020-08-05 | 2023-06-08 | Shenzhen China Star Optoelectronics Semiconductor Display Technology Co., Ltd. | Manufacturing method of optical film and optical film |
US11908979B2 (en) | 2020-08-28 | 2024-02-20 | Applied Materials, Inc. | Chelating agents for quantum dot precursor materials in color conversion layers for micro-LEDs |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN113861760B (zh) | 2023-05-05 |
CN110088650A (zh) | 2019-08-02 |
TW201842090A (zh) | 2018-12-01 |
KR102470362B1 (ko) | 2022-11-25 |
KR20190098150A (ko) | 2019-08-21 |
US20190390076A1 (en) | 2019-12-26 |
TWI766927B (zh) | 2022-06-11 |
KR102232006B1 (ko) | 2021-03-25 |
JP6547915B2 (ja) | 2019-07-24 |
JPWO2018123821A1 (ja) | 2019-02-28 |
CN110088650B (zh) | 2021-09-07 |
CN113861760A (zh) | 2021-12-31 |
US10947403B2 (en) | 2021-03-16 |
US20210139730A1 (en) | 2021-05-13 |
KR20210034114A (ko) | 2021-03-29 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
WO2018123821A1 (ja) | 分散体及びそれを用いたインクジェット用インク組成物、光変換層、及び液晶表示素子 | |
WO2018105545A1 (ja) | 液晶表示素子 | |
JP7020016B2 (ja) | インク組成物、光変換層及びカラーフィルタ | |
JP6628012B2 (ja) | 光変換フィルム及びそれを用いた画像表示素子 | |
JP2020129034A (ja) | カラーフィルタ用インクジェットインク、光変換層及びカラーフィルタ | |
JP7087775B2 (ja) | インク組成物、光変換層及びカラーフィルタ | |
JP7020015B2 (ja) | インク組成物、光変換層及びカラーフィルタ | |
JP6972656B2 (ja) | インク組成物及びその製造方法、光変換層並びにカラーフィルタ | |
JP6933311B2 (ja) | カラーフィルタ用インクジェットインク、光変換層及びカラーフィルタ | |
JP2020177071A (ja) | 液晶表示素子 | |
WO2021161860A1 (ja) | 半導体ナノ粒子含有組成物、カラーフィルタ、及び画像表示装置 | |
JP2019026778A (ja) | インク組成物及びその製造方法、光変換層並びにカラーフィルタ | |
JP2021096323A (ja) | カラーフィルタ用インク組成物、光変換層及びカラーフィルタ | |
JP6797361B2 (ja) | 液晶表示素子 | |
JP2019218422A (ja) | インク組成物セット、光変換層及びカラーフィルタ | |
JP7238445B2 (ja) | インク組成物、光変換層、カラーフィルタ及び発光性画素部の形成方法 | |
JP2021024946A (ja) | インク組成物、光変換層、光変換部材及びバックライトユニット | |
JP2021017481A (ja) | インク組成物及びその製造方法、光変換層、並びに、カラーフィルタ | |
JP2021152652A (ja) | 半導体ナノ粒子含有組成物、カラーフィルタ、及び画像表示装置 | |
JP2021152651A (ja) | 半導体ナノ粒子含有組成物、カラーフィルタ、及び画像表示装置 | |
JP2023132985A (ja) | 半導体ナノ粒子含有組成物、硬化物、カラーフィルタ及び画像表示装置 | |
JP2021128338A (ja) | 半導体ナノ粒子含有組成物、カラーフィルタ、及び画像表示装置 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 2018557436 Country of ref document: JP Kind code of ref document: A |
|
121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application |
Ref document number: 17889504 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |
|
ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 20197018135 Country of ref document: KR Kind code of ref document: A |
|
NENP | Non-entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: DE |
|
122 | Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase |
Ref document number: 17889504 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |