GB2594036A - A Process for surface planarization - Google Patents
A Process for surface planarization Download PDFInfo
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- GB2594036A GB2594036A GB2002261.2A GB202002261A GB2594036A GB 2594036 A GB2594036 A GB 2594036A GB 202002261 A GB202002261 A GB 202002261A GB 2594036 A GB2594036 A GB 2594036A
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- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 14
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- 229910004613 CdTe Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
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Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/30—Polarising elements
- G02B5/3025—Polarisers, i.e. arrangements capable of producing a definite output polarisation state from an unpolarised input state
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/133528—Polarisers
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
- G02F1/133617—Illumination with ultraviolet light; Luminescent elements or materials associated to the cell
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/133528—Polarisers
- G02F1/133548—Wire-grid polarisers
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F2202/00—Materials and properties
- G02F2202/36—Micro- or nanomaterials
Abstract
A process for surface planarization has the following steps: (1) providing a base structure and fabricating a bank structure 4 on the surface of the base structure, (2) inkjet printing the first ink 2 in pits 3 of the bank structure till the ink rises above the bank top but doesn’t spread out, (3) drying the first ink to form the first nanocrystal layer in pits of the bank structure, (4) inkjet printing the second ink 7 on the first nanocrystal layer to fill the vacant space of pits till the surface of the second ink layer is the same level as that of the bank top. (5) curing the second ink, wherein (a) the first ink is a dispersion comprising nanocrystals dispersed in a solvent, and (b) the second ink represents a solvent-free heat/photo-curable resin ink. A substrate is also provided where there is a step between the bank top and the second ink layer. The device may be used for a liquid crystal display with an in-cell polarizer made by the process.
Description
A process for surface planarization
Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to a process for surface planarization, a substrate with a surface planarized thereby, as well as use of such substrate for fabricating in-cell polarizers, and the fabricated in-cell polarizers. The present invention further relates to a liquid crystal display comprising the in-cell polarizer.
Background Art
A polarizer is an optical filter that lets light waves of a specific polarization pass through while blocking light waves of other polarizations. It can filter a beam of light of undefined or mixed polarization into a beam of well-defined polarization, that is polarized light. The common types of polarizers are linear polarizers and circular polarizers. Polarizers are used in many optical techniques and instruments, and polarizing filters find applications in photography and LCD (liquid crystal display) technology.
Regarding the application in LCD technology, since LC controls only polarization of incident light, a polarizer is used for implementing color pixel convertor to a LCD by placed between the color pixel convertor and the "LC" layer. In view of this, for preventing parallax problem caused by thicknesses of polarizer and glass substrate of usual configuration of LCD, in-cell polarizer is needed for LCD with color conversion pixels.
In case of color conversion pixels, patterned coating is required to place a proper color emission nanocrystals, such as quantum materials on a proper position. For this patterned coating of quantum materials there are generally three ways: photolithography, dry etching, and printing. In comparison with photolithography and dry etching, printing, especially ink jet printing can apply quantum materials only on proper places and hence would not waste the expensive quantum materials. Specifically, in case of ink jet printing, a polymeric bank structure developed by Merck KGaA can be used to keep ink droplets comprising quantum materials on a proper place without spreading out to other places. However, after drying the volume of printed ink shrinks due to the evaporation of solvent contained in the ink for controlling viscosity and a step appears between the dried ink surface and the bank top, which leads to an uneven surface of the color conversion pixels. The obtained color conversion pixels with uneven surface are hence not suitable for fabricating an in-cell polarizer.
In this regard US 2008/0252824 Al discloses that the planarization of the substrate for fabricating polarizer is realized by conducting rubbing treatment to aligned polyimide film, which is then applied to the substrate.
US 2016/0259210 Al discloses that liquid crystal molecules are injected into the microcavity formed on the pixel electrode on the substrate, the overcoat including an organic material or an inorganic material covers the liquid crystal injection hole of the microcavity, and a polarizer is disposed on the overcoat. It can be seen in US 2016/0259210 Al the planarization is realized by covering the liquid crystal injection hole of the microcavity with an overcoat. The specific information about this overcoat is not taught.
US 2018/019238A discloses an embodiment, wherein in a process of disposing a light blocking layer BM and a color conversion layer 330 on the second substrate 211, the yellow color filter 235 and the light blocking layer BM may be disposed on the second substrate 211, and then the color conversion portion 331 may be disposed on the yellow color filter 235. That is, the yellow color filter 235 is disposed to overlap the first color conversion portion 231 and the second color conversion portion 232. Subsequently, the buffer layer 332 is disposed on the light blocking layer BM and the color conversion portion 331. The buffer layer 332 is configured to planarize a step difference occurring by the color conversion portion 331 and the light blocking layer BM for fabricating a polarizer. The buffer layer may include a light transmissive organic material.
US2012164317 illustrates a method for fabricating a polarizer, wherein an unevenness pattern 102 is formed on a substrate 101. A nanoimprint process in which the substrate 101 may be pressed by a mould having a fine nano-unevenness pattern may be performed to form the unevenness structure pattern 102. Alternatively, an e-beam lithography process using an e-beam may be performed to directly form the unevenness structure pattern 102 on the substrate 101. Solution, paste or fine powder containing conductive nano-particles 103 may be coated to fill the conductive nano-particles 103 into the unevenness structure pattern 102. Extra conductive nano-particles 103 may be removed with respect to an entire surface of the substrate 101 using a doctor-blade 104 or a roller to planarize the resultant substrate, In can be concluded that the commonly used methods in the prior art to planarize the surface of a substrate for fabricating a polarizer include coating layers or smoothing. However all the mentioned planarization methods are obviously at macroscopic scale and hence the planarized surface is still not flat enough for fabricating in-cell polarizer. In view of this there is a need to provide a new process for surface planarization, especially a surface of inkjet printed quantum materials for fabricating in-cell polarizers.
Summary of the invention
The present application relates firstly to a new process for surface planarization, comprising the following steps: (1) providing a base structure and fabricating a bank structure on the surface of the base structure, (2) inkjet printing the first ink in pits of the bank structure till the ink rises above the bank top but not spread out, -4 - (3) drying the first ink to form a first nanocrystal layer in pits of the bank structure, (4) inkjet printing the second ink on the first nanocrystal layer to fill the vacant space of pits till the surface of the second ink layer is the same level as that of the bank top.
(5) curing the second ink, wherein (a) the first ink is a dispersion comprising nanocrystals dispersed in a solvent, and (b) the second ink represents a solvent-free heat/photo-curable resin ink.
The present application also relates to a substrate with a surface planarized by conducting the process according to the present application. Specifically, the substrate comprising (a) a base structure, (b) a bank structure fabricated on the base structure, (c) a first layer of nanocrystals and a second layer of cured resin in pits of the bank structure, wherein there is a step between the bank top and the second ink layer.
The present application further relates to use of the substrate according to the present application for fabricating in-cell polarizers for LCD with color pixel converter.
The present application also relates to an in-cell polarizer, comprising (a) the substrate according to the present application, (b) a polarizer fabricated on the planarized surface of the substrate, and (c) a reflecting unit provided on the opposite surface of the substrate.
The present application further relates to a liquid crystal display, comprising (a) a liquid crystal layer, (b) a nanocrystal color conversion layer, and (c) an in-cell polarizer according to the present application
Description of Drawings
Ficyl shows a schematic of one embodiment of a process for surface planarization according to the present application.
Fig. 2 shows a schematic of a bank structure used in the present application.
Fig. 3 shows a schematic of one embodiment of an in cell polarizer according to the present application.
Fig. 4 shows a microphotograph of a bank structure used in working
examples 1 and 2.
Fig. 5 shows the cross-section profile of the red nanocrystal layer and the bank top in working example 1.
Fig. 6 shows the cross-section profile of the red nanocrystal layer and the bank top after ink jet printing of curable ink in working example 1.
Fig. 7 shows the cross section profile of the red nanocrystal layer and the bank top in working example 2.
List of reference skins in figure 1 1. a printer head 2. ejected inks 3. a pit 4. a bank 5. an ink ejected into a pit, a solvent of ink are evaporating and nanocrystals are being concentrated in the ink 6. moving direction of the printer head a UV curable ink
Detailed description of the invention
Base structure According to the present invention, the used base structure may be made of transparent materials selected from glass or plastic.
In a preferred embodiment of the present application the base structure is made of glass.
Bank structure In a preferred embodiment of the present application the bank structure is provided in a partial region of the base structure.
In a preferred embodiment of the present application the bank structure is provided in a whole region of the base structure.
According to the present invention, the bank structure is made of hydrophobic polymer.
As shown in Figure 1, there is more than one pits on the bank structure. There is spacing between the adjacent two pits.
According to the present invention the pits may in any form, such as a round, oval, square, or slotted form.
In a preferred embodiment of the present application the pits are slotted and arranged straight.
First ink -7 -According to the present application, the first ink is obtained by dispersing nanocrystals in a solvent, which is used to control the viscosity and evaporation rate of the first ink for forming a uniform layer after drying. In view of this, the solvent is selected from toluene or cyclohexylbenzene.
According to the present invention, the term "nanoparticle" includes quantum dots, quantum rods.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the nanoparticles comprise II-VI, III-V, IV-VI semiconductors and combinations of any of these.
In case of the nanoparticle does not have any core! shell structure, the nanocrystal can preferably be selected from the group consisting of InP, CdS, CdSe, CdTe, ZnS, ZnSe, ZnSeS, ZnTe, ZnO, InPZnS, InPZn, Cu2(ZnSn)S4, ZnSeTe.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the nanoparticles comprise a core! shell structure.
According to the present invention, the term "core / shell structure" means the structure having a core part and at least one shell part covering said core.
In some embodiments of the present invention, said core / shell structure can be core lone shell layer structure, core / double shells structure or core / multishells structure.
According to the present invention, the term "multishells" stands for the stacked shell layers consisting of three or more shell layers. -8 -
Each stacked shell layers of double shells and / or multishells can be made from same or different materials.
More preferably, a core of the nanoparticles is selected from the group consisting of Cds, CdSe, CdTe, ZnS, ZnSe, ZnSeS, ZnTe, ZnO, GaAs, GaP, GaAs, GaSb, HgS, HgSe, HgSe, HgTe, InAs, InP, InPZnS, InPZn, InSb, AIAs, AIR, AlSb, Cu2S, Cu2Se, CuInS2, CuInSe2, Cu2(ZnSn)S4, Cu2(InGa)S4, TiO2 alloys and combination of any of these.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, said shell is selected from the group consisting of II-VI, III-V, or IV-VI semiconductors.
For example, for red emission use CdSe/CdS, CdSeS/CdZnS, CdSeS/CdS/ZnS, ZnSe/CdS, CdSe/ZnS, InP/ZnS, InP/ZnSe, InP/ZnSe/ZnS, InPZn/ZnS, InPZn/ZnSe/ZnS dots or rods, ZnSe/CdS, ZnSe/ZnS or combination of any of these, can be used preferably.
For example, for green emission use CdSe/CdS, CdSeS/CdZnS, CdSeS/CdS/ZnS, ZnSe/CdS, CdSe/ZnS, InP/ZnS, InP/ZnSe, InP/ZnSe/ZnS, InPZn/ZnS, InPZn/ZnSe/ZnS, ZnSe/CdS, ZnSe/ZnS or combination of any of these can be used preferably.
And for blue emission use, such as ZnSe, ZnS, ZnSe/ZnS, or combination of any of these, can be used.
As a quantum dot, publically available quantum dot, for examples, CdSeS/ZnS alloyed quantum dots product number 753793, 753777, 753785, 753807, 753750, 753742, 753769, 753866, InP/ZnS quantum dots product number 776769, 776750, 776793, 776777, 776785, PbS core-type quantum dots product number 747017, 747025, 747076, 747084, or CdSe/ZnS alloyed quantum dots product number 754226, 748021, 694592, 694657, 694649, 694630, 694622 from Sigma-Aldrich, can be used preferably as desired.
In some embodiments, the semiconductor nanocrystal can be selected from an anisotropic shaped structure, for example quantum rod material to realize better out-coupling effect (for example ACS Nano, 2016, 10 (6), pp 5769-5781). Examples of quantum rod material have been described in, for example, the international patent application laid-open No.W02010/095140A, Luigi Carbone et.al, Nanoletters, 2007, Vol.7, No.10, 2942-2950.
According to the present application different first inks may be prepared, which comprise nanoparticles for different color emissions respectively. The amounts of nanocrystals in different first inks are independent from each other.
According to the present application the first ink is inkjet printed into the pits of the bank structure till the ink rises above the top of the bank but not spread out.
According to the present application the first ink is dried to form a nanocrystal layer in pits of the bank structure. Any drying methods commonly used in the prior art may be used.
According to the present application, different inks comprising respectively nanoparticles for different color emissions may be printed in different pits of the bank structure.
Second ink According to the present application the second ink represents a solvent-free heat/photo-curable resin ink, having the following composition: -10 -For making the surface of the second ink layer the same level as that of the bank top, the printed amount of the second ink is dependent on the vacant space of pits over the nanocrystal layer. Specifically, the step between the bank top and the surface of the nanocrystal layer is measured with a proper instrument to obtain the volume of the vacant space. Then the same volume of the second ink is inkjet printed into the pits.
According to the present application the second ink is cured by heating or photo irradiation to form the second layer.
In a preferred embodiment of the present application the second ink is cured by UV irradiation.
After curing the second ink layer, there appears a step between the bank top and the second ink layer.
Substrate with a planarized surface According to the present application, the substrate with a surface planarized by conducting the process according to the present application has steps (height difference) between the bank top and the second ink layer.
According to the present application, the cured resins are heat/photocurable resins.
In-cell polarizer According to the present application, the polarizer fabricated on the planarized surface of the substrate may be wire grid polarizer.
Liquid crystal display According to the present application, the liquid crystal layer and nanocrystal color conversion layer may be any commercially available products in the prior art.
Effect of the invention It has been surprisingly found that, with the application of the process according to the present application, since the volume reduction of a solvent-free heat/photo-curable resin ink is very small and negligible, inkjet printing it as the second ink on the nanocrystal layer for filling the vacant space of pits can planarize the surface of the substrate to reduce the step between the bank top and the second ink layer.
It has been also surprisingly found that, with the application of the in-cell polarizer according to the present application, the spacing between the LC layer and the color conversion layer is decreased.
The working examples 1 -8 below provide descriptions of the present invention, as well as an in detail description of their fabrication.
-12 -
Working Examples
Working Example 1: Preparation a substrate with planarized surface Nanocrystals having CdSe core and Cds shell are dispersed in toluene by immobilization of tri-n-octylphosphine oxide (TOPO) on their surface. Nanocrystals were dispersed in toluene for obtaining a dispersion. After the dispersion was evaporated and dried, cyclohexylbenzene (CHB) was added and sonicated to obtain nanocrystals/CHB dispersion ink.
The ink was inkjet printed into the pits of a bank structure fabricated on a glass substrate shown in Fig. 4, wherein the depth of the pits was brim. Then the ink was dried to form a nanocrystals layer in the pits. The height of steps between the surface of the red nanocrystals layer and that of the bank top was measured, which was 5.3urn, as shown in Fig. 5.
Then a photo curable ink was inkjet printed into the vacant space over the nanocrystals layer in the pits till the surface of the curable ink layer was the same as that of the bank top. The ink was cured by irradiation with a UV light at wavelength of 356nm.
The height of steps between the surface of the red nanocrystals layer after ink jet printing the curable ink and that of the bank top was measured, which was 0.0188mm, as shown in Fig. 6.
Working Example 2: Preparation a substrate with planarized surface Nanocrystals having InP core and ZnSe shell are dispersed in toluene by immobilization of tri-n-octyphosphine oxide (TOPO) on their surface.
Nanocrystals were dispersed in toluene for obtaining dispersion. After the dispersion was evaporated and dried, cyclohexylbenzene (CHB) was added -13 -and sonicated to obtain nanocrystals/CHB dispersion ink.
The ink was inkjet printed into the pits of a bank structure fabricated on a glass substrate shown in Fig. 4, wherein the depth of the pits was 10pm.
Then the ink was dried to form a nanocrystals layer in the pits. The height of steps between the surface of the red nanocrystals layer and that of the bank top was measured, which was 7.5pm, as shown in Fig. 7.
Then a photo curable ink was inkjet printed into the vacant space over the nanocrystals layer in the pits till the surface of the curable ink layer was the same as that of the bank top. The ink was cured by irradiation with a UV light at wavelength of 356nm.
The height of steps between the surface of the red nanocrystals layer after ink jet printing the curable ink and that of the bank top was measured, which was 1.4p.m, as shown in Fig. 8.
Claims (11)
- -14 -Patent claims 1 A process for surface planarization, comprising the following steps: (1) providing a base structure and fabricating a bank structure on the surface of the base structure, (2) inkjet printing the first ink in pits of the bank structure till the ink rises above the bank top but not spread out, (3) drying the first ink to form the first nanocrystal layer in pits of the bank structure, (4) inkjet printing the second ink on the first nanocrystal layer to fill the vacant space of pits till the surface of the second ink layer is the same level as that of the bank top.(5) curing the second ink, wherein (a) the first ink is a dispersion comprising nanocrystals dispersed in a solvent, and (b) the second ink represents a solvent-free heat/photo-curable resin ink.
- 2. The process according to the claim 1, characterised in that, the base structure is selected from the group consisting of glass or plastic.
- 3. The process according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that, the nanocrystals comprise semiconductors selected from elements of Group II-VI, III-V, IV-VI of the periodic table and combinations of any of these.
- 4. The process according to the any one of claims 1-3, characterised in that, the nanocrystals are selected from the group consisting of InP, CdS, CdSe, CdTe, ZnS, ZnSe, ZnSeS, ZnTe, ZnO, InPZnS, InPZn, Cu2(ZnSn)S4,ZnSeTe, CdSe/CdS, CdSeS/CdZnS, CdSeS/CdS/ZnS, ZnSe/CdS, CdSe/ZnS, InP/ZnS, InP/ZnSe, InP/ZnSe/ZnS, InPZn/ZnS, -15 -InPZn/ZnSe/ZnS dots or rods, ZnSe/CdS, ZnSe/Zn or combination of any of these.
- 5. The process according to the any one of claims 1-4, characterised in that, the solvent is selected from the group consisting of toluene or cyclohexylbenzene.
- 6. The process according to the any one of claims 1-5, characterised in that, the second ink is cured by heating or photo irradiation to form the second layer.
- 7. A substrate, comprising (a) a base structure, (b) a bank structure fabricated on the base structure, (c) a first layer of nanocrystals and a second layer of a cured resin in pits of the bank structure, wherein, there is a step between the bank top and the second ink layer.
- 8. The substrate according to the claim 7, characterised in that, the base structure is selected from the group consisting of glass or plastic.
- 9. The substrate according to f claim 7 or 8, characterised in that, the nanocrystals are selected from the group consisting of InP, CdS, CdSe, CdTe, ZnS, ZnSe, ZnSeS, ZnTe, ZnO, InPZnS, InPZn, Cu2(ZnSn)S4, ZnSeTe, CdSe/CdS, CdSeS/CdZnS, CdSeS/CdS/ZnS, ZnSe/CdS, CdSe/ZnS, InP/ZnS, InP/ZnSe, InP/ZnSe/ZnS, InPZn/ZnS, InPZn/ZnSe/ZnS dots or rods, ZnSe/CdS, ZnSe/Zn or combination of any of these.
- 10.An in-cell polarizer, comprising (a) the substrate according to any one of claims 7-9, -16 - (b) a polarizer fabricated on the planarized surface of the substrate, and (c) a reflecting unit provided on the opposite surface of the substrate.
- 11.A liquid crystal display, comprising (a) a liquid crystal layer, (b) a nanocrystal color conversion layer, and (c) an in-cell polarizer according to claim 10.15 20 25
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| GB2002261.2A GB2594036A (en) | 2020-02-19 | 2020-02-19 | A Process for surface planarization |
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20180239191A1 (en) * | 2015-10-20 | 2018-08-23 | Dongwoo Fine-Chem Co., Ltd. | Window substrate integrated with polarizing plate and method of preparing the same |
| WO2019017423A1 (en) * | 2017-07-21 | 2019-01-24 | Dic株式会社 | Ink composition, method for producing same, light conversion layer and color filter |
| US20190390076A1 (en) * | 2016-12-28 | 2019-12-26 | Dic Corporation | Dispersion and inkjet ink composition, light conversion layer, and liquid crystal display element using the dispersion |
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2020
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20180239191A1 (en) * | 2015-10-20 | 2018-08-23 | Dongwoo Fine-Chem Co., Ltd. | Window substrate integrated with polarizing plate and method of preparing the same |
| US20190390076A1 (en) * | 2016-12-28 | 2019-12-26 | Dic Corporation | Dispersion and inkjet ink composition, light conversion layer, and liquid crystal display element using the dispersion |
| WO2019017423A1 (en) * | 2017-07-21 | 2019-01-24 | Dic株式会社 | Ink composition, method for producing same, light conversion layer and color filter |
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