WO2016039007A1 - 空気入りタイヤ - Google Patents
空気入りタイヤ Download PDFInfo
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- WO2016039007A1 WO2016039007A1 PCT/JP2015/069832 JP2015069832W WO2016039007A1 WO 2016039007 A1 WO2016039007 A1 WO 2016039007A1 JP 2015069832 W JP2015069832 W JP 2015069832W WO 2016039007 A1 WO2016039007 A1 WO 2016039007A1
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- copolymer
- coupling agent
- silane coupling
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/54—Silicon-containing compounds
- C08K5/548—Silicon-containing compounds containing sulfur
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
- B60C1/00—Tyres characterised by the chemical composition or the physical arrangement or mixture of the composition
- B60C1/0016—Compositions of the tread
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
- B60C1/00—Tyres characterised by the chemical composition or the physical arrangement or mixture of the composition
- B60C1/0025—Compositions of the sidewalls
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
- B60C1/00—Tyres characterised by the chemical composition or the physical arrangement or mixture of the composition
- B60C1/0041—Compositions of the carcass layers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
- B60C11/00—Tyre tread bands; Tread patterns; Anti-skid inserts
- B60C11/0041—Tyre tread bands; Tread patterns; Anti-skid inserts comprising different tread rubber layers
- B60C11/005—Tyre tread bands; Tread patterns; Anti-skid inserts comprising different tread rubber layers with cap and base layers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/02—Elements
- C08K3/04—Carbon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/34—Silicon-containing compounds
- C08K3/36—Silica
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L15/00—Compositions of rubber derivatives
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
- B60C1/00—Tyres characterised by the chemical composition or the physical arrangement or mixture of the composition
- B60C2001/005—Compositions of the bead portions, e.g. clinch or chafer rubber or cushion rubber
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
- B60C1/00—Tyres characterised by the chemical composition or the physical arrangement or mixture of the composition
- B60C2001/0066—Compositions of the belt layers
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a pneumatic tire manufactured using a predetermined rubber composition.
- a rubber composition for an automobile tire a rubber composition containing a conjugated diene polymer such as polybutadiene or butadiene-styrene copolymer and a filler such as carbon black or silica is used.
- Patent Document 1 proposes a method using a diene rubber (modified rubber) modified with an organosilicon compound containing an amino group and an alkoxy group.
- a diene rubber modified rubber
- an organosilicon compound containing an amino group and an alkoxy group an organosilicon compound containing an amino group and an alkoxy group.
- An object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems and to provide a pneumatic tire in which fuel efficiency, rubber breaking strength, and wear resistance are improved satisfactorily.
- the present invention is a pneumatic tire produced using a rubber composition, wherein the rubber composition has a hydrogenation rate of a conjugated diene part obtained by copolymerizing an aromatic vinyl compound and a conjugated diene compound.
- Silane coupling agent 1 having a hydrogenated copolymer of 75 mol% or more, silica, a carbonylthio group (—S—C ( ⁇ O) —) and no mercapto group (—SH)
- / or a silane coupling agent 2 having a mercapto group (—SH)
- the content of the hydrogenated copolymer in a rubber component of 100% by mass is 75% by mass or more.
- the hydrogenated copolymer preferably has a weight average molecular weight of 200,000 to 2,000,000.
- the hydrogenation rate of the hydrogenated copolymer is 90 mol% or more.
- the hydrogenated copolymer is preferably a hydrogenated styrene butadiene copolymer.
- the hydrogenated styrene butadiene copolymer is preferably a hydrogenated styrene butadiene copolymer.
- the hydrogenated styrene-butadiene copolymer preferably has a styrene content of 5 to 40% by mass.
- the content of the hydrogenated styrene butadiene copolymer in 100% by mass of the rubber component is preferably 90 to 100% by mass.
- the rubber composition further contains carbon black, and the silica content is preferably 1 to 200 parts by mass and the carbon black content is 1 part by mass or more with respect to 100 parts by mass of the rubber component.
- the total content of the silane coupling agent 1 and the silane coupling agent 2 is preferably 1 to 10 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of silica.
- the silane coupling agent 1 is preferably a silane coupling agent represented by the following formula (2-1).
- the monovalent groups (R 106 , R 107 and R 108 ) selected from R 107 and — (OSiR 106 R 107 ) h (OSiR 106 R 107 R 108 ) may be the same or different, and each represents a hydrogen atom or carbon R is a monovalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms and an average value of 1 to 4), and R 102 is R 101 , a hydrogen atom, or a monovalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms.
- R 103 is R 101 , R 102 , a hydrogen atom or a — [O (R 109 O) j ] 0.5 — group (R 109 is an alkylene group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms, j is an integer of 1 to 4) .
- R 104 is a C1- 8 divalent hydrocarbon radical
- the silane coupling agent 2 is preferably a silane coupling agent containing a binding unit A represented by the following formula (2-2) and a binding unit B represented by the following formula (2-3).
- x is an integer of 0 or more
- y is an integer of 1 or more.
- R 201 is hydrogen, halogen, branched or unbranched C 1-30 alkyl.
- R 202 represents a branched or unbranched alkylene group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, a branched or unbranched alkenylene group having 2 to 30 carbon atoms, or a branched or unbranched alkynylene group having 2 to 30 carbon atoms.
- 201 and R 202 may form a ring structure.
- a specific hydrogenated copolymer having a hydrogenation rate of 75 mol% or more is contained in 75% by mass or more in 100% by mass of the rubber component, and further, silica and a silane coupling having a specific structure. Since it is a pneumatic tire produced using a rubber composition containing an agent, it has good fuel economy, rubber breaking strength and wear resistance.
- the pneumatic tire of the present invention is a conjugated diene obtained by copolymerizing an aromatic vinyl compound and a conjugated diene compound (hereinafter also referred to as a copolymer of an aromatic vinyl compound and a conjugated diene compound).
- the hydrogenated copolymer in which the conjugated diene part of the copolymer of the aromatic vinyl compound and the conjugated diene compound is hydrogenated and the hydrogenation rate is 75 mol% or more is obtained by adding 100 parts by mass of the rubber component.
- % Contains 75% by mass or more.
- the rubber composition in the present invention further includes silica, a silane coupling agent 1 having a carbonylthio group (—S—C ( ⁇ O) —) and not having a mercapto group (—SH) and / or And a silane coupling agent 2 having a mercapto group (—SH).
- the combined use of the hydrogenated copolymer and the silane coupling agent can significantly and synergistically improve fuel efficiency, rubber breaking strength and wear resistance, and good fuel efficiency. Rubber fracture strength and abrasion resistance (particularly rubber fracture strength and abrasion resistance) can be obtained.
- the rubber composition in the present invention is characterized in that it contains a hydrogenated copolymer in which the conjugated diene portion of a copolymer of an aromatic vinyl compound and a conjugated diene compound is hydrogenated as a rubber component. Since ordinary rubber has many double bond portions that serve as cross-linking reaction points, cross-linking density occurs, and this cross-linking density is considered to be a starting point of breakage due to stress concentration. In the present invention, the reactive sites for crosslinking are reduced by reducing the double bond portion by hydrogenation treatment. As a result, it is expected that the wear resistance and the like are improved by reducing the cross-link density and reducing the stress concentration.
- aromatic vinyl compound examples include styrene, ⁇ -methylstyrene, 1-vinylnaphthalene, 3-vinyltoluene, ethylvinylbenzene, divinylbenzene, 4-cyclohexylstyrene, 2,4,6-trimethylstyrene, and the like. These may be used singly or may be used in combination of two or more, but among them, the viewpoints of practical aspects such as the availability of monomers and the effect of the present invention can be more suitably obtained. To styrene is particularly preferred.
- Examples of the conjugated diene compound include 1,3-butadiene, isoprene, 1,3-pentadiene, 2,3-dimethylbutadiene, 2-phenyl-1,3-butadiene, 1,3-hexadiene, and the like. These may be used singly or may be used in combination of two or more, but among them, the viewpoints of practical aspects such as the availability of monomers and the effect of the present invention can be more suitably obtained. 1,3-butadiene and isoprene are preferred, and 1,3-butadiene is more preferred.
- the copolymer of the aromatic vinyl compound and the conjugated diene compound a copolymer of styrene and 1,3-butadiene (styrene butadiene copolymer) is preferable. Accordingly, a hydrogenated styrene butadiene copolymer is preferred as the hydrogenated copolymer. Furthermore, the hydrogenated styrene butadiene copolymer is preferably a hydrogenated styrene butadiene copolymer modified by a method described later.
- the order of copolymerization is not particularly limited as long as the styrene-butadiene copolymer is a copolymer of styrene and 1,3-butadiene, and may be random copolymer or block copolymer, but random copolymer is preferable. .
- the hydrogenation rate of the hydrogenated copolymer (ratio of hydrogenation with respect to the conjugated diene part of the copolymer of aromatic vinyl compound and conjugated diene compound) is 75 mol% or more, preferably 80 mol% or more, More preferably, it is 90 mol% or more, More preferably, it is 93 mol% or more.
- the hydrogenation rate of the hydrogenated copolymer is preferably 99 mol% or less, more preferably 98 mol% or less. If the hydrogenation rate exceeds 99 mol%, the rubber composition may become hard.
- the hydrogenation rate can be calculated from the spectrum reduction rate of the unsaturated bond portion of the spectrum obtained by measuring H 1 -NMR.
- the weight average molecular weight (Mw) of the hydrogenated copolymer is preferably 200,000 or more, more preferably 400,000 or more. If Mw is less than 200,000, good rubber breaking strength and wear resistance may not be obtained.
- the Mw of the hydrogenated copolymer is preferably 2,000,000 or less, more preferably 1,000,000 or less, and still more preferably 700,000 or less. When Mw exceeds 2,000,000, the workability tends to decrease.
- the weight average molecular weight (Mw) and the number average molecular weight (Mn) are gel permeation chromatograph (GPC) (GPC-8000 series manufactured by Tosoh Corporation), detector: differential refractometer, column: It can be determined by standard polystyrene conversion based on the measured value by TSKGEL SUPERMULTIIPORE HZ-M manufactured by Tosoh Corporation.
- GPC gel permeation chromatograph
- the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the hydrogenated copolymer is preferably ⁇ 45 ° C. or higher, more preferably ⁇ 35 ° C. or higher, still more preferably ⁇ 30 ° C. or higher, still more preferably ⁇ 25 ° C. or higher, and ⁇ 24.5 ° C or higher is particularly preferable and -24 ° C or higher is most preferable. If the Tg is less than -45 ° C, the breaking strength of the rubber may be reduced.
- the Tg of the hydrogenated copolymer is preferably less than -10 ° C, more preferably less than -12.5 ° C, still more preferably less than -13 ° C, still more preferably less than -15 ° C, and is more preferably -17.5 ° C.
- Tg glass transition temperature
- the styrene content of the hydrogenated styrene butadiene copolymer is preferably 5% by mass or more, more preferably 10% by mass or more, and further preferably 15% by mass. % Or more, particularly preferably 20% by mass or more, and most preferably 25% by mass or more. If the styrene content is less than 5% by mass, sufficient grip performance may not be obtained. Further, the styrene content of the hydrogenated styrene butadiene copolymer is preferably 40% by mass or less, more preferably 35% by mass or less.
- styrene content exceeds 40% by mass, sufficient rubber breaking strength and wear resistance cannot be obtained, and the fuel efficiency may be deteriorated.
- the styrene content is within the above range, the effect of the present invention can be more suitably obtained.
- styrene content is measured by the method as described in the Example mentioned later.
- the hydrogenated copolymer can be synthesized, for example, by subjecting a polymer obtained by polymerizing an aromatic vinyl compound and a conjugated diene compound to a hydrogenation treatment, and specifically, can be synthesized by the following method.
- Polymerization method There is no particular limitation on the polymerization method of the copolymer of the aromatic vinyl compound and the conjugated diene compound, and any of the solution polymerization method, the gas phase polymerization method, and the bulk polymerization method can be used, but the solution polymerization method is particularly preferable. Moreover, any of a batch type and a continuous type may be sufficient as the superposition
- the monomer concentration in the solvent (the total of styrene and 1,3-butadiene in the case of a styrene butadiene copolymer) is preferably 5% by mass or more, and more preferably 10% by mass or more. .
- the monomer concentration in the solvent is preferably 50% by mass or less, and more preferably 30% by mass or less.
- the monomer concentration in the solvent exceeds 50% by mass, the solution viscosity becomes too high, stirring becomes difficult, and polymerization tends to be difficult.
- the polymerization initiator is not particularly limited, but an organic lithium compound is preferably used.
- the organic lithium compound those having an alkyl group having 2 to 20 carbon atoms are preferable.
- n-butyllithium or sec-butyllithium is preferable from the viewpoints of availability, safety and the like.
- a functional group having an interaction with silica can be introduced into the polymerization initiation terminal of the copolymer.
- denatured is obtained.
- reaction refers to an intermolecular force that forms a covalent bond between molecules or is weaker than a covalent bond (for example, ion-dipole interaction, dipole-dipole interaction, It means the formation of electromagnetic force between molecules such as hydrogen bonds and van der Waals forces.
- the “functional group that interacts with silica” refers to a group having at least one atom that interacts with silica, such as a nitrogen atom, a sulfur atom, a phosphorus atom, or an oxygen atom.
- the compound (R) is preferably a reaction product of an organolithium compound and a nitrogen-containing compound such as a secondary amine compound.
- a nitrogen-containing compound such as a secondary amine compound.
- the nitrogen-containing compound include, for example, dimethylamine, diethylamine, dipropylamine, dibutylamine, dodecamethyleneimine, N, N′-dimethyl-N′-trimethylsilyl-1,6-diaminohexane, piperidine, pyrrolidine, Hexamethyleneimine, heptamethyleneimine, dicyclohexylamine, N-methylbenzylamine, di- (2-ethylhexyl) amine, diallylamine, morpholine, N- (trimethylsilyl) piperazine, N- (tert-butyldimethylsilyl) piperazine, 1, Examples include 3-ditrimethylsilyl-1,3,5-triazinane.
- a compound (R) when superposing
- Polymerization may be carried out by adding to the above.
- the polymerization may be carried out by preparing the compound (R) by adding the organolithium compound and the compound (B1) to the polymerization system and mixing both in the polymerization system.
- Method of anionic polymerization There is no restriction
- a hydrocarbon solvent such as an aliphatic, alicyclic, or aromatic hydrocarbon compound, for example, butyl lithium is used as a polymerization initiator, and a randomizer is used as necessary.
- styrene and 1,3-butadiene and the like By subjecting styrene and 1,3-butadiene and the like to anionic polymerization in the presence of styrene, a desired copolymer such as a styrene-butadiene copolymer can be obtained.
- the hydrocarbon solvent is preferably one having 3 to 8 carbon atoms.
- the randomizer is a microstructure control of a conjugated diene moiety in a copolymer, for example, an increase in 1,2-bond in butadiene, an increase in 3,4-bond in isoprene, or the composition of monomer units in the copolymer. It is a compound having an action of controlling distribution, for example, randomizing styrene units and butadiene units in a styrene-butadiene copolymer.
- the randomizer is not particularly limited, and any known compound generally used as a conventional randomizer can be used.
- the amount of randomizer used is preferably 0.01 molar equivalents or more, more preferably 0.05 molar equivalents or more per mole of the organic lithium compound. If the amount of randomizer used is less than 0.01 molar equivalent, the effect of addition tends to be small, and randomization tends to be difficult.
- the amount of randomizer used is preferably 1000 molar equivalents or less, more preferably 500 molar equivalents or less, per mole of the organic lithium compound. When the amount of the randomizer used exceeds 1000 molar equivalents, the monomer reaction rate changes greatly, and conversely, it tends to be difficult to randomize.
- the Tg of the copolymer can be adjusted by adjusting the type and amount of the randomizer. For example, the Tg of the copolymer can be lowered by reducing the amount of tetrahydrofuran.
- reaction temperature The reaction temperature in the anionic polymerization is not particularly limited as long as the reaction proceeds suitably, but it is usually preferably ⁇ 10 ° C. to 100 ° C., more preferably 25 ° C. to 70 ° C.
- the polymerization initiation terminal may be unmodified or modified.
- the compound (B2) is not particularly limited as long as it has a functional group that interacts with silica and can react with the polymerization active terminal.
- the compound (B2) include, for example, (I) a compound (B2-1) represented by the following formula (1);
- a 1 has at least one atom selected from the group consisting of a nitrogen atom, a phosphorus atom, and a sulfur atom, does not have active hydrogen, and is a nitrogen atom with respect to R 5 ;
- a monovalent functional group bonded with a phosphorus atom or a sulfur atom, R 3 and R 4 are hydrocarbyl groups, R 5 is a hydrocarbylene group, and n is an integer of 0 to 2, provided that R When a plurality of 3 and R 4 are present, the plurality of R 3 and R 4 may be the same or different.
- (II) In the molecule, at least one functional group (x1) selected from the group consisting of a cyclic ether group, a (thio) carbonyl group and an iso (thio) cyanate group, a nitrogen atom, a phosphorus atom, an oxygen atom
- the (thio) carbonyl group represents a carbonyl group and a thiocarbonyl group
- the iso (thio) cyanate group represents an isocyanate group and an isothiocyanate group.
- the hydrocarbyl group of R 3 and R 4 is a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl group having 3 to 20 carbon atoms, or a 6 to 20 carbon atom group.
- An aryl group is preferred.
- R 5 is preferably a linear or branched alkanediyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a cycloalkylene group having 3 to 20 carbon atoms, or an arylene group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms.
- n is preferably 0 or 1 from the viewpoint of increasing the reactivity with the copolymer.
- a 1 has at least one atom selected from the group consisting of a nitrogen atom, a phosphorus atom and a sulfur atom (hereinafter also referred to as a specific atom), and binds to R 5 with these specific atoms.
- the specific atom is not bonded to active hydrogen, and may be protected with, for example, a trisubstituted hydrocarbylsilyl group.
- active hydrogen refers to a hydrogen atom bonded to an atom other than a carbon atom, and preferably refers to an atom having a bond energy lower than that of polymethylene.
- a 1 is preferably a group capable of becoming an onium ion by the onium salt generator.
- the compound (B2) has such a group (A 1 )
- excellent shape retention can be imparted to the modified copolymer.
- Specific examples of A 1 include, for example, a nitrogen-containing group in which two hydrogen atoms of a primary amino group are substituted by two protecting groups, and one hydrogen atom of a secondary amino group is substituted by one protecting group.
- examples thereof include a phosphorus-containing group that is substituted by one protecting group, a tertiary phosphino group, and a sulfur-containing group in which one hydrogen atom of a thiol group is substituted by one protecting group.
- a group having a nitrogen atom is preferable from the viewpoint of good affinity with silica.
- the “protecting group” is a functional group that converts A 1 into a functional group that is inactive with respect to the polymerization active terminal, and examples thereof include a trisubstituted hydrocarbylsilyl group.
- the compound (B2-1) include a nitrogen-containing group in which two hydrogen atoms of a primary amine are substituted by two protecting groups, and one hydrogen atom of a secondary amine is substituted by one protecting group.
- the compound having a nitrogen-containing group or a tertiary amino group and an alkoxysilyl group include, for example, N, N-bis (trimethylsilyl) aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, N, N-bis (trimethylsilyl) aminopropylmethyl Diethoxysilane, N, N ′, N′-tris (trimethylsilyl) -N- (2-aminoethyl) -3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, 3- (4-trimethylsilyl-1-piperazino) propylmethyldimethoxysilane, Etc.
- Examples of the compound having an imino group or pyridyl group and an alkoxysilyl group include N- (1,3-dimethylbutylidene) -3- (triethoxysilyl) -1-propanamine, N- (1-methylpropylidene).
- a phosphorus-containing group in which two hydrogen atoms of a primary phosphino group are substituted by two protecting groups a phosphorus-containing group in which one hydrogen atom of a secondary phosphino group is substituted by one protecting group, a tertiary phosphino group
- a compound having a sulfur-containing group in which one hydrogen atom of a thiol group is substituted with one protecting group and an alkoxysilyl group include P, P-bis (trimethylsilyl) phosphinopropylmethyldimethoxysilane, P , P-bis (trimethylsilyl) phosphinopropyltrimethoxysilane, 3-dimethylphosphinopropyltrimethoxysilane, 3-dimethylphosphinopropylmethyldimethoxysilane, 3-diphenylphosphinopropyltrimethoxysilane, 3-diphenylphosphinopropyl Triethoxysi
- the group (x2) is preferably a group containing a nitrogen atom that is not bonded to active hydrogen.
- Specific examples thereof include compounds having a cyclic ether group such as tetra Epoxyamine compounds such as glycidyl-1,3-bisaminomethylcyclohexane;
- compounds having a (thio) carbonyl group include 4-aminoacetophenone such as 4-N, N-dimethylaminobenzophenone; bis (dihydrocarbylaminoalkyl) such as 1,7-bis (methylethylamino) -4-heptanone Ketones; dihydrocarbylaminoalkyl (meth) acrylates such as 2-dimethylaminoethyl acrylate; hydrocarbyl imidazolidinones such as 1,3-dimethyl-2-imidazolidinone; N-hydrocarbyl pyrrolidones such as 1-phenyl-2-pyrrolidone N
- Examples of the compound (B2-3) include 2,4-tolylene diisocyanate, 2,6-tolylene diisocyanate, diphenylmethane diisocyanate, naphthalene diisocyanate, triphenylmethane triisocyanate, and p-phenylene diene.
- Examples include an isocyanate.
- the compound (B2) it is particularly preferable to use the compound (B2-1) from the viewpoint of strong affinity with silica.
- silane compound (B2-1) for the purpose of adjusting the Mooney viscosity of the modified copolymer, together with the silane compound (B2-1), silicon tetrachloride, an epoxy-containing compound (for example, tetraglycidyl-1, 3-bisaminomethylcyclohexane etc.) may be used.
- an epoxy-containing compound for example, tetraglycidyl-1, 3-bisaminomethylcyclohexane etc.
- R 6 is a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbyl group, and a plurality of R 6 may be the same or different.
- a 4 , R 3 , R 5 and n are as defined above. (It is synonymous with A ⁇ 1 >, R ⁇ 3 >, R ⁇ 5 > and n of Formula (1).)
- the above terminal modification reaction can be performed as a solution reaction, for example.
- This solution reaction may be performed using a solution containing unreacted monomers after completion of the polymerization reaction in the polymerization step, and the copolymer contained in the solution is isolated and dissolved in a suitable solvent such as cyclohexane. You may do it above.
- the terminal modification reaction may be performed using either a batch system or a continuous system.
- the method for adding the compound (B2) is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a method of adding all at once, a method of adding in divided portions, and a method of adding continuously.
- the amount of the compound (B2) used for the terminal modification reaction may be appropriately set according to the type of the compound used for the reaction, but is preferably 0.8 with respect to the metal atom involved in the polymerization reaction possessed by the polymerization initiator. 1 molar equivalent or more, more preferably 0.3 molar equivalent or more. By setting it to 0.1 molar equivalent or more, the modification reaction can be sufficiently advanced, and the dispersibility of silica can be suitably improved.
- the temperature of the terminal modification reaction is usually the same as the temperature of the polymerization reaction, preferably ⁇ 20 to 150 ° C., more preferably 0 to 120 ° C., and particularly preferably 20 to 100 ° C. preferable.
- the reaction time of the denaturation reaction is preferably 1 minute to 5 hours, more preferably 2 minutes to 1 hour.
- the anionic polymerization can be stopped by adding a reaction terminator usually used in this field.
- a reaction terminator include polar solvents having active protons such as alcohols such as methanol, ethanol and isopropanol or acetic acid and mixtures thereof, or polar solvents and nonpolar solvents such as hexane and cyclohexane. A mixed solution is mentioned.
- the amount of the reaction terminator added is usually about the same molar amount or twice the molar amount relative to the anionic polymerization initiator.
- a coupling agent may be added to the hydrocarbon solution of the copolymer from the start of the polymerization of the monomer to the recovery of the polymer described later.
- the coupling agent include compounds represented by the following formula (3-1).
- R 1 a ML 4-a (3-1) (In Formula (3-1), R 1 represents an alkyl group, an alkenyl group, a cycloalkenyl group, or an aryl group, M represents a silicon atom or a tin atom, L represents a halogen atom or a hydrocarbyloxy group, and a represents Represents an integer of 0-2.
- Examples of the coupling agent represented by the above formula (3-1) include silicon tetrachloride, methyltrichlorosilane, dimethyldichlorosilane, trimethylchlorosilane, tin tetrachloride, methyltrichlorotin, dimethyldichlorotin, trimethylchlorotin, tetramethoxy
- Examples include silane, methyltrimethoxysilane, dimethoxydimethylsilane, methyltriethoxysilane, ethyltrimethoxysilane, dimethoxydiethylsilane, diethoxydimethylsilane, tetraethoxysilane, ethyltriethoxysilane, and diethoxydiethylsilane.
- the amount of the coupling agent added is preferably 0.03 mol or more, more preferably 0.05 mol or more, per 1 mol of alkali metal derived from the alkali metal catalyst in order to improve the processability of the polymer. Moreover, in order to improve low fuel consumption, Preferably it is 0.4 mol or less, More preferably, it is 0.3 mol or less.
- hydrogenation there are no particular limitations on the hydrogenation method and reaction conditions, and hydrogenation may be performed using known methods and known conditions. Usually, it is carried out in the presence of a hydrogenation catalyst at 20 to 150 ° C. under hydrogen pressure of 0.1 to 10 MPa.
- the hydrogenation rate can be arbitrarily selected by changing the amount of the hydrogenation catalyst, the hydrogen pressure during the hydrogenation reaction, the reaction time, and the like.
- a hydrogenation catalyst a compound containing any of metals in groups 4 to 11 of the periodic table can be used.
- a compound containing Ti, V, Co, Ni, Zr, Ru, Rh, Pd, Hf, Re, and Pt atoms can be used as the hydrogenation catalyst.
- More specific hydrogenation catalysts include metallocene compounds such as Ti, Zr, Hf, Co, Ni, Pd, Pt, Ru, Rh, and Re; metals such as Pd, Ni, Pt, Rh, and Ru are carbon, A supported heterogeneous catalyst supported on a carrier such as silica, alumina, diatomaceous earth; a homogeneous Ziegler catalyst in which an organic salt of a metal element such as Ni or Co or an acetylacetone salt and a reducing agent such as organoaluminum is combined; Examples include organometallic compounds or complexes such as Ru and Rh; fullerenes and carbon nanotubes in which hydrogen is occluded.
- metallocene compounds such as Ti, Zr, Hf, Co, Ni, Pd, Pt, Ru, Rh, and Re
- metals such as Pd, Ni, Pt, Rh, and Ru are carbon
- a supported heterogeneous catalyst supported on a carrier such as silica, alumina, diatomaceous
- metallocene compounds containing any one of Ti, Zr, Hf, Co, and Ni are preferable in that they can be hydrogenated in a homogeneous system in an inert organic solvent. Furthermore, a metallocene compound containing any of Ti, Zr, and Hf is preferable.
- a hydrogenation catalyst obtained by reacting a titanocene compound with an alkyl lithium is preferable because it is an inexpensive and industrially useful catalyst. Specific examples include, for example, JP-A-1-275605, JP-A-5-271326, JP-A-5-271325, JP-A-5-222115, JP-A-11-292924, and JP-A-11-292924.
- JP 2000-37632 A, JP 59-133203 A, JP 63-5401 A, JP 62-218403 A, JP 7-90017 A, JP 43-19960 A Mention may be made of the hydrogenation catalyst described in JP-B 47-40473.
- these hydrogenation catalysts can be used individually by 1 type or in combination of 2 or more types.
- the content of the hydrogenated copolymer in 100% by mass of the rubber component is 75% by mass or more, preferably 80% by mass or more, more preferably 90% by mass or more, and further preferably 100% by mass. is there. If the content of the hydrogenated copolymer is less than 75% by mass, it tends to be difficult to obtain an effect of improving rubber breaking strength and wear resistance (particularly rubber breaking strength).
- the hydrogenated copolymer is a hydrogenated styrene butadiene copolymer
- the content of the hydrogenated styrene butadiene copolymer in 100% by mass of the rubber component is preferably 90% by mass or more, more preferably. Is 95% by mass or more, more preferably 100% by mass.
- Examples of other rubber components that can be used other than the hydrogenated copolymer include conventional styrene butadiene copolymer rubber (SBR), polybutadiene rubber (BR), butadiene isoprene copolymer rubber, and butyl rubber. Moreover, natural rubber (NR), an ethylene propylene copolymer, an ethylene octene copolymer, etc. can be mentioned. Two or more of these rubber components may be used in combination.
- the NR is not particularly limited, and for example, those generally used in the tire industry such as SIR20, RSS # 3, and TSR20 can be used.
- the content of NR in 100% by mass of the rubber component is preferably 5% by mass or more.
- the NR content is preferably 25% by mass or less, more preferably 15% by mass or less.
- the silica is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include dry method silica (anhydrous silica), wet method silica (hydrous silica) and the like, and wet method silica is preferable because of its large number of silanol groups.
- the nitrogen adsorption specific surface area (N 2 SA) of silica is preferably 45 m 2 / g or more, more preferably 55 m 2 / g or more, still more preferably 60 m 2 / g or more, particularly preferably 100 m 2 / g or more, and most preferably. Is 150 m 2 / g or more. If it is less than 45 m 2 / g, the wear resistance and rubber breaking strength may be deteriorated. Further, N 2 SA of silica is preferably 350 m 2 / g or less, more preferably 300 m 2 / g or less, still more preferably 270 m 2 / g or less, and particularly preferably 220 m 2 / g or less.
- the nitrogen adsorption specific surface area of silica is a value measured by the BET method according to ASTM D3037-81.
- the content of silica is preferably 1 part by mass or more, more preferably 10 parts by mass or more, still more preferably 30 parts by mass or more, and particularly preferably 45 parts by mass or more with respect to 100 parts by mass of the rubber component. If the amount is less than 1 part by mass, the effect of blending silica cannot be sufficiently obtained, and the fuel economy and wear resistance tend to deteriorate.
- the content of the silica is preferably 200 parts by mass or less, more preferably 150 parts by mass or less, still more preferably 120 parts by mass or less, and particularly preferably 100 parts by mass or less. If the amount exceeds 200 parts by mass, silica is difficult to disperse, so that fuel efficiency, workability, and wear resistance tend to deteriorate.
- the rubber composition in the present invention preferably contains other fillers in addition to silica.
- the filler is blended in a rubber composition for the purpose of reinforcing rubber, for example, mica such as calcium carbonate and sericite, aluminum hydroxide, magnesium oxide, magnesium hydroxide, clay, White fillers such as talc, alumina, titanium oxide and mica; carbon black and the like. These fillers may be used in combination of two or more, and it is particularly preferable to add carbon black in terms of reinforcement.
- the rubber composition in this invention contains fillers other than a silica
- content of the silica in 100 mass% of fillers becomes like this.
- it is 80 mass% or more, More preferably, it is 90 mass% or more. If it is less than 80% by mass, the effects of the present invention may not be sufficiently obtained.
- carbon black is used as the remaining filler, wet grip performance tends to deteriorate. Further, if a filler other than carbon black is used, the wear resistance may be deteriorated.
- the carbon black may be a furnace black such as SAF, ISAF, HAF, MAF, FEF, SRF, GPF, APF, FF, CF, SCF and ECF.
- Acetylene black acetylene carbon black
- thermal black thermal carbon black
- channel black channel carbon black
- the nitrogen adsorption specific surface area (N 2 SA) of carbon black is usually 5 to 200 m 2 / g, and the lower limit is preferably 50 m 2 / g, and more preferably 80 m 2 / g. It is preferable that the upper limit is 150 meters 2 / g, more preferably 120 m 2 / g.
- Carbon black has a dibutyl phthalate (DBP) absorption of usually 5 to 300 ml / 100 g, preferably a lower limit of 80 ml / 100 g and an upper limit of 180 ml / 100 g.
- DBP dibutyl phthalate
- the reinforcing effect tends to be small and the wear resistance tends to decrease. If the upper limit of the above range is exceeded, dispersibility is poor and hysteresis loss increases. There is a tendency for fuel efficiency to decrease.
- the nitrogen adsorption specific surface area is measured according to ASTM D4820-93, and the DBP absorption is measured according to ASTM D2414-93.
- the content of carbon black is preferably 1 part by mass or more, more preferably 3 parts by mass or more with respect to 100 parts by mass of the rubber component. If the amount is less than 1 part by mass, sufficient reinforcement may not be obtained.
- the content of carbon black is preferably 60 parts by mass or less, more preferably 30 parts by mass or less, and still more preferably 15 parts by mass or less. If it exceeds 60 parts by mass, the fuel efficiency tends to deteriorate.
- the rubber composition in the present invention has a silane coupling agent 1 and / or a mercapto group (-) having a carbonylthio group (—S—C ( ⁇ O) —) and not having a mercapto group (—SH) together with silica.
- the silane coupling agent 1 is preferable because the effects of the present invention can be more suitably obtained.
- a silane coupling agent represented by the following formula (2-1) can be preferably used as the silane coupling agent 1 having a carbonylthio group and not having a mercapto group.
- the monovalent groups (R 106 , R 107 and R 108 ) selected from R 107 and — (OSiR 106 R 107 ) h (OSiR 106 R 107 R 108 ) may be the same or different, and each represents a hydrogen atom or carbon R is a monovalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms and an average value of 1 to 4), and R 102 is R 101 , a hydrogen atom, or a monovalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms.
- R 103 is R 101 , R 102 , a hydrogen atom or a — [O (R 109 O) j ] 0.5 — group (R 109 is an alkylene group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms, j is an integer of 1 to 4) .
- R 104 is a C1- 8 divalent hydrocarbon radical
- R 105 , R 106 , R 107 and R 108 are each independently a linear, cyclic or branched alkyl group, alkenyl group, aryl group and aralkyl group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms.
- R 102 is a monovalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms, it is a group selected from the group consisting of a linear, cyclic or branched alkyl group, alkenyl group, aryl group and aralkyl group.
- R 109 is preferably a linear, cyclic or branched alkylene group, particularly preferably a linear one.
- R 104 is, for example, an alkylene group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms, an alkenylene group having 2 to 18 carbon atoms, a cycloalkylene group having 5 to 18 carbon atoms, a cycloalkylalkylene group having 6 to 18 carbon atoms, or an arylene having 6 to 18 carbon atoms. And an aralkylene group having 7 to 18 carbon atoms.
- the alkylene group and alkenylene group may be linear or branched, and the cycloalkylene group, cycloalkylalkylene group, arylene group and aralkylene group are functional groups such as a lower alkyl group on the ring. You may have.
- R 104 is preferably an alkylene group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, particularly a linear alkylene group such as a methylene group, an ethylene group, a trimethylene group, a tetramethylene group, a pentamethylene group, or a hexamethylene group.
- R 102 , R 105 , R 106 , R 107 and R 108 in the above formula (2-1) include methyl group, ethyl group, n-propyl group, isopropyl group, n-butyl group, isobutyl group, sec-butyl, tert-butyl, pentyl, hexyl, octyl, decyl, dodecyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, vinyl, propenyl, allyl, hexenyl, octenyl, cyclopentenyl Group, cyclohexenyl group, phenyl group, tolyl group, xylyl group, naphthyl group, benzyl group, phenethyl group, naphthylmethyl group and the like.
- R 109 in the above formula (2-1) examples include a methylene group, an ethylene group, an n-propylene group, an n-butylene group, a hexylene group and the like as a linear alkylene group. Examples thereof include an isopropylene group, an isobutylene group, and a 2-methylpropylene group.
- silane coupling agent 1 represented by the above formula (2-1) include 3-hexanoylthiopropyltriethoxysilane, 3-octanoylthiopropyltriethoxysilane, and 3-decanoylthiopropyltriethoxy.
- Silane 3-lauroylthiopropyltriethoxysilane, 2-hexanoylthioethyltriethoxysilane, 2-octanoylthioethyltriethoxysilane, 2-decanoylthioethyltriethoxysilane, 2-lauroylthioethyltriethoxysilane, 3-hexanoylthiopropyltrimethoxysilane, 3-octanoylthiopropyltrimethoxysilane, 3-decanoylthiopropyltrimethoxysilane, 3-lauroylthiopropyltrimethoxysilane, 2-hexanoylthioethyltrimethoxysilane 2 octanoylthiopropyl ethyltrimethoxysilane, 2- deca Neu thio ethyltrimethoxysilane, and 2-lauroylthi
- 3-octanoylthiopropyltriethoxysilane (NXT manufactured by Momentive) is particularly preferable in terms of both workability and low fuel consumption.
- the silane coupling agent may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- silane coupling agent 2 having a mercapto group a silane coupling agent containing a bonding unit A represented by the following formula (2-2) and a bonding unit B represented by the following formula (2-3) is preferably used. It can.
- x is an integer of 0 or more
- y is an integer of 1 or more.
- R 201 is hydrogen, halogen, branched or unbranched C 1-30 alkyl.
- R 202 represents a branched or unbranched alkylene group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, a branched or unbranched alkenylene group having 2 to 30 carbon atoms, or a branched or unbranched alkynylene group having 2 to 30 carbon atoms.
- 201 and R 202 may form a ring structure.
- a silane coupling agent containing a bond unit A represented by formula (2-2) and a bond unit B represented by formula (2-3) is a polysulfide silane such as bis- (3-triethoxysilylpropyl) tetrasulfide.
- a polysulfide silane such as bis- (3-triethoxysilylpropyl) tetrasulfide.
- the shortening of the scorch time is suppressed as compared with mercaptosilane such as 3-mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane.
- mercaptosilane such as 3-mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane.
- the bonding unit A has a mercaptosilane structure, but the —C 7 H 15 portion of the bonding unit A covers the —SH group of the bonding unit B, so that it does not easily react with the polymer and scorch is less likely to occur. This is probably because of this.
- the content of the bond unit A is preferably 30 mol% or more, more preferably 50 mol% or more, preferably 99 mol% or less, more preferably. Is 90 mol% or less.
- the content of the bond unit B is preferably 1 mol% or more, more preferably 5 mol% or more, still more preferably 10 mol% or more, and preferably 70 mol% or less, from the viewpoint of reactivity with silica. More preferably, it is 65 mol% or less, More preferably, it is 55 mol% or less.
- the total content of the binding units A and B is preferably 95 mol% or more, more preferably 98 mol% or more, and particularly preferably 100 mol%.
- the content of the bond units A and B is an amount including the case where the bond units A and B are located at the terminal of the silane coupling agent.
- the form in which the bonding units A and B are located at the end of the silane coupling agent is not particularly limited, and forms units corresponding to the formulas (2-2) and (2-3) representing the bonding units A and B. It only has to be.
- halogen for R 201 examples include chlorine, bromine, and fluorine.
- Examples of the branched or unbranched alkyl group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms of R 201 include a methyl group, an ethyl group, an n-propyl group, an isopropyl group, an n-butyl group, an iso-butyl group, a sec-butyl group, and a tert-butyl group. Examples thereof include a butyl group, a pentyl group, a hexyl group, a heptyl group, a 2-ethylhexyl group, an octyl group, a nonyl group and a decyl group.
- the alkyl group preferably has 1 to 12 carbon atoms.
- Examples of the branched or unbranched alkenyl group having 2 to 30 carbon atoms of R 201 include a vinyl group, 1-propenyl group, 2-propenyl group, 1-butenyl group, 2-butenyl group, 1-pentenyl group, and 2-pentenyl group. Group, 1-hexenyl group, 2-hexenyl group, 1-octenyl group and the like.
- the alkenyl group preferably has 2 to 12 carbon atoms.
- Examples of the branched or unbranched alkynyl group having 2 to 30 carbon atoms of R 201 include ethynyl group, propynyl group, butynyl group, pentynyl group, hexynyl group, heptynyl group, octynyl group, nonynyl group, decynyl group, undecynyl group, And dodecynyl group.
- the alkynyl group preferably has 2 to 12 carbon atoms.
- Examples of the branched or unbranched alkylene group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms of R 202 include ethylene group, propylene group, butylene group, pentylene group, hexylene group, heptylene group, octylene group, nonylene group, decylene group, undecylene group, Examples include dodecylene group, tridecylene group, tetradecylene group, pentadecylene group, hexadecylene group, heptadecylene group, octadecylene group and the like.
- the alkylene group preferably has 1 to 12 carbon atoms.
- Examples of the branched or unbranched C 2-30 alkenylene group of R 202 include vinylene group, 1-propenylene group, 2-propenylene group, 1-butenylene group, 2-butenylene group, 1-pentenylene group, 2-pentenylene. Group, 1-hexenylene group, 2-hexenylene group, 1-octenylene group and the like.
- the alkenylene group preferably has 2 to 12 carbon atoms.
- Examples of the branched or unbranched alkynylene group having 2 to 30 carbon atoms of R 202 include ethynylene group, propynylene group, butynylene group, pentynylene group, hexynylene group, heptynylene group, octynylene group, nonynylene group, decynylene group, undecynylene group, And dodecynylene group.
- the alkynylene group preferably has 2 to 12 carbon atoms.
- the repeating number (x) of the bonding unit A and the repetition of the bonding unit B is preferably in the range of 3 to 300. Within this range, the mercaptosilane of the bond unit B is covered with —C 7 H 15 of the bond unit A, so that it is possible to suppress the scorch time from being shortened and to have good reactivity with silica and rubber components. Can be secured.
- Examples of the silane coupling agent 2 containing the bond unit A represented by the formula (2-2) and the bond unit B represented by the formula (2-3) include NXT-Z30, NXT-Z45 manufactured by Momentive, NXT-Z60 or the like can be used. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- Silane coupling agent 1 and silane coupling agent 2 may be used alone or in combination.
- the total content of the silane coupling agent 1 and the silane coupling agent 2 is preferably 0.5 parts by mass or more, more preferably 1 part by mass or more, and still more preferably 5 parts by mass or more with respect to 100 parts by mass of silica. If the amount is less than 0.5 parts by mass, the coupling effect is insufficient and high silica dispersion tends not to be obtained. Therefore, there is a possibility that the rubber breaking strength is lowered. Moreover, 15 mass parts or less are preferable with respect to 100 mass parts of silica, as for total content of the silane coupling agent 1 and the silane coupling agent 2, 12 mass parts or less are more preferable, and 10 mass parts or less are still more preferable. When it exceeds 15 parts by mass, an excess silane coupling agent remains, which may cause deterioration in processability and fracture characteristics of the resulting rubber composition.
- the rubber composition in the present invention can be used in combination with silane coupling agents other than those listed above, and conventionally known silane coupling agents can be used, for example, bis (3-triethoxysilylpropyl) Tetrasulfide, bis (2-triethoxysilylethyl) tetrasulfide, bis (3-trimethoxysilylpropyl) tetrasulfide, bis (2-trimethoxysilylethyl) tetrasulfide, bis (3-triethoxysilylpropyl) trisulfide Bis (3-trimethoxysilylpropyl) trisulfide, bis (3-triethoxysilylpropyl) disulfide, bis (3-trimethoxysilylpropyl) disulfide, 3-trimethoxysilylpropyl-N, N-dimethylthiocarbamoyltetra Sulfide, 3- Sulfide series such as limethoxys
- the rubber composition in the present invention includes a vulcanizing agent such as sulfur; a thiazole vulcanization accelerator, a thiuram vulcanization accelerator, a sulfenamide vulcanization accelerator, and a guanidine vulcanization accelerator.
- Vulcanization accelerators such as agents; vulcanization activators such as stearic acid and zinc oxide; organic peroxides; processing aids such as extenders (oils) and lubricants; Can be used.
- extending oil oil
- aromatic mineral oil viscosity specific gravity constant (VGC value) 0.900 to 1.049
- naphthenic mineral oil VCC value 0. 850 to 0.899
- paraffinic mineral oil VCC value 0.790 to 0.849
- the polycyclic aromatic content of the extender oil is preferably less than 3% by mass, more preferably less than 1% by mass.
- the polycyclic aromatic content is measured according to the British Petroleum Institute 346/92 method.
- the aromatic compound content (CA) of the extending oil is preferably 20% by mass or more.
- vulcanization accelerators include thiazole vulcanization accelerators such as 2-mercaptobenzothiazole, dibenzothiazyl disulfide, and N-cyclohexyl-2-benzothiazylsulfenamide; tetramethylthiuram monosulfide, tetramethylthiuram disulfide Thiuram vulcanization accelerators such as: N-cyclohexyl-2-benzothiazole sulfenamide, Nt-butyl-2-benzothiazole sulfenamide, N-oxyethylene-2-benzothiazole sulfenamide, N- Sulfenamide vulcanization accelerators such as oxyethylene-2-benzothiazole sulfenamide, N, N′-diisopropyl-2-benzothiazole sulfenamide; diphenylguanidine, dioltolylguanidine, orthotolylbiguanidine, etc.
- emission-based vulcanization accelerator It can be mentioned emission-based vulcanization accelerator. Of these, sulfenamide-based vulcanization accelerators are preferable and N-cyclohexyl-2-benzothiazole sulfenamide is more preferable because the effects of the present invention can be more suitably obtained. It is also preferable to use a guanidine vulcanization accelerator in combination.
- the amount of the vulcanization accelerator used is preferably 0.1 to 5 parts by mass, more preferably 0.2 to 4 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the rubber component.
- Sulfur can be used conveniently.
- the sulfur content is preferably 0.5 to 5 parts by mass, more preferably 1 to 3 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the rubber component. Thereby, the effect of this invention is acquired more suitably.
- the rubber composition in the present invention is produced by a general method. That is, it can be produced by a method of kneading the above components with a Banbury mixer, a kneader, an open roll or the like and then vulcanizing.
- the rubber composition in the present invention can be used for each member of a tire (tread, sidewall, carcass, belt, bead, clinch, chafer, etc.), and is particularly preferably used as a tire tread.
- the tread includes a surface layer (cap tread) and an inner surface layer (base tread).
- a tread having a multilayer structure is manufactured by a method in which a sheet is bonded to a predetermined shape, or a method in which two or more extruders are loaded and two or more layers are formed at the head outlet of the extruder. Can do.
- the pneumatic tire of the present invention is produced by a usual method using the rubber composition. That is, a rubber composition containing a hydrogenated copolymer and, if necessary, a rubber composition containing the above-mentioned various compounding agents are extruded in accordance with the shape of each tire member such as a tread at an unvulcanized stage. Together with the tire member, an unvulcanized tire is formed by molding by a normal method on a tire molding machine.
- the pneumatic tire of the present invention is obtained by heating and pressurizing the unvulcanized tire in a vulcanizer.
- the pneumatic tire of the present invention is preferably used as a tire for passenger cars, a tire for trucks and buses, a tire for motorcycles, a tire for competition, and the like, and particularly preferably used as a tire for passenger cars.
- n-hexane Kanto Chemical Co., Ltd.
- Styrene Kanto Chemical Co., Ltd.
- Butadiene Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.
- 1,3-butadiene TMEDA Kanto Chemical Co., Ltd. N, N, N ', N '-Tetramethylethylenediamine n-butyllithium solution: 1.6M n-butyllithium hexane solution manufactured by Kanto Chemical Co., Inc.
- Ethanol 2,6-di-tert-butyl-p-cresol manufactured by Kanto Chemical Co., Ltd .: Large NOCRACK 200 manufactured by Inner Shin Chemical Co., Ltd.
- Amine-based modifier N, N-bis (trimethylsilyl) aminopropylmethyldiethoxysilane
- H 1 -NMR was measured at 25 ° C. using a JEOL JNM-A 400 NMR apparatus, and phenyl protons based on 6.5 to 7.2 ppm styrene units and 4.9 to 5.4 ppm butadiene were obtained from the spectrum.
- the styrene content was determined from the ratio of vinyl protons based on units.
- the weight average molecular weight (Mw) and number average molecular weight (Mn) of the copolymer were determined by gel permeation chromatography (GPC) (GPC-8000 series, manufactured by Tosoh Corporation), detector: differential refractometer, column: Tosoh Corporation ) Obtained by TSKGEL SUPERMULTIPORE HZ-M, manufactured by TSKGEL).
- GPC gel permeation chromatography
- TSKGEL SUPERMULTIPORE HZ-M manufactured by TSKGEL
- the glass transition temperature (Tg) is measured in accordance with JIS K 7121 using a differential scanning calorimeter (Q200) manufactured by TA Instruments Japan while raising the temperature at a heating rate of 10 ° C./min. Thus, the glass transition start temperature was determined.
- the obtained copolymer (1) had a weight average molecular weight (Mw) of 490,000 and a styrene content of 30% by mass.
- Synthesis Example 2 (Synthesis of copolymer (2): hydrogenation rate 60 mol%, hydrogenated SBR) A copolymer (2) was obtained by the same formulation as the copolymer (1) except that the obtained polymer was hydrogenated. That is, after the polymerization conversion reaction in the copolymer (1), ethanol was not added to stop the polymerization reaction, and then the mixture was stirred for 20 minutes while supplying hydrogen gas at a pressure of 0.4 MPa-Gauge, to obtain an unreacted polymer. Reaction with terminal lithium gave lithium hydride. Hydrogenation was performed using a catalyst mainly composed of titanocene dichloride at a hydrogen gas supply pressure of 0.7 MPa-Gauge, a reaction temperature of 90 ° C.
- the reaction temperature is brought to room temperature, the hydrogen pressure is returned to normal pressure, the reaction vessel is withdrawn from the reaction vessel, the reaction solution is stirred into water, and the solvent is steamed.
- the copolymer (2) was obtained by removing by stripping.
- the resulting copolymer (2) had a hydrogenation rate of 60 mol% and a weight average molecular weight (Mw) of 450,000.
- Synthesis Example 3 (Synthesis of copolymer (3): hydrogenation rate 80 mol%, hydrogenated SBR) A copolymer (3) was obtained by the same formulation as the copolymer (2) except that the cumulative amount of hydrogen suction was adjusted so as to achieve the target hydrogenation rate. The resulting copolymer (3) had a hydrogenation rate of 80 mol% and a weight average molecular weight (Mw) of 480,000.
- Synthesis Example 4 (Synthesis of copolymer (4): hydrogenation rate 95 mol%, hydrogenated SBR) A copolymer (4) was obtained by the same formulation as the copolymer (2) except that the integrated amount of hydrogen suction was adjusted so as to achieve the target hydrogenation rate. The resulting copolymer (4) had a hydrogenation rate of 95 mol% and a weight average molecular weight (Mw) of 450,000.
- Synthesis Example 5 (Synthesis of copolymer (5): hydrogenation rate 95 mol%, hydrogenated modified SBR) Add 2000 ml of n-hexane, 60 g of styrene, 140 g of 1,3-butadiene, 0.93 g of TMEDA, and 0.45 mmol of n-butyllithium to a heat-resistant reaction vessel sufficiently purged with nitrogen, and stir at 50 ° C. for 5 hours to carry out the polymerization reaction. went. Thereafter, 0.15 mol of an amine-based modifier was added and stirred at 0 ° C. for 1 hour.
- a copolymer (5) was obtained according to the same formulation as the copolymer (2) except that the integrated amount of hydrogen suction was adjusted.
- the resulting copolymer (5) had a hydrogenation rate of 95 mol% and a weight average molecular weight (Mw) before modification of 460,000.
- Copolymers (1) to (5) Synthetic natural rubber by the above method: TSR20 Carbon black: Dia Black N339 manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation (N 2 SA: 96 m 2 / g, DBP absorption: 124 ml / 100 g) Oil: X-140 manufactured by JX Nippon Oil & Energy Silica: ULTRASIL VN3 manufactured by EVONIK (N 2 SA: 180 m 2 / g)
- Stearic acid Beads manufactured by NOF Corporation
- Zinc stearate Zinc oxide Zinc flower No. 1 manufactured by Mitsui Kinzoku Mining Co., Ltd.
- Wax Sunnock N manufactured by Ouchi Shinsei Chemical Co., Ltd.
- Sulfur Powder sulfur vulcanization accelerator manufactured by Tsurumi Chemical Co., Ltd. (1): Soxinol CZ (N-cyclohexyl-2-benzothiazolylsulfenamide) manufactured by Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd.
- Vulcanization accelerator (2) Soxinol D (1,3-diphenylguanidine) manufactured by Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd.
- tan ⁇ of the vulcanized rubber composition was measured at a dynamic strain amplitude of 1%, a frequency of 10 Hz, and a temperature of 50 ° C.
- the reciprocal value of tan ⁇ was expressed as an index with Comparative Example 1 being 100. Larger values indicate lower rolling resistance and better fuel efficiency.
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Abstract
Description
なお、水素添加率は、H1-NMRを測定して得られたスペクトルの不飽和結合部のスペクトル減少率から計算することができる。
なお、水添共重合体のガラス転移温度(Tg)は、後述の実施例の記載の方法により測定される。
なお、スチレン含有量は、後述する実施例に記載の方法により測定される。
(重合方法)
芳香族ビニル化合物及び共役ジエン化合物の共重合体の重合方法については特に制限はなく、溶液重合法、気相重合法、バルク重合法のいずれも用いることができるが、特に溶液重合法が好ましい。また、重合形式は、回分式及び連続式のいずれであってもよい。
アニオン重合を行う場合、重合開始剤としては特に制限はないが、有機リチウム化合物が好ましく用いられる。前記有機リチウム化合物としては、炭素数2~20のアルキル基を有するものが好ましく、例えばエチルリチウム、n-プロピルリチウム、イソプロピルリチウム、n-ブチルリチウム、sec-ブチルリチウム、tert-ブチルリチウム、tert-オクチルリチウム、n-デシルリチウム、フェニルリチウム、2-ナフチルリチウム、2-ブチルーフェニルリチウム、4-フェニル-ブチルリチウム、シクロヘキシルリチウム、シクロペンチルリチウム、ジイソプロペニルベンゼンとブチルリチウムとの反応生成物などが挙げられるが、これらの中で、入手容易性、安全性等の観点からn-ブチルリチウムまたはsec-ブチルリチウムが好ましい。
前記重合開始剤を用いてアニオン重合し、共重合体を製造する方法としては、特に制限はなく、従来公知の方法を用いることができる。
具体的には、反応に不活性な有機溶剤、例えば脂肪族、脂環族、芳香族炭化水素化合物などの炭化水素系溶剤中において、例えばブチルリチウムを重合開始剤とし、必要に応じてランダマイザーの存在下でスチレン及び1,3-ブタジエン等をアニオン重合させることにより、スチレンブタジエン共重合体等の目的の共重合体を得ることができる。
前記炭化水素系溶剤としては、炭素数3~8のものが好ましく、例えばプロパン、n-ブタン、イソブタン、n-ペンタン、イソペンタン、n-ヘキサン、シクロヘキサン、プロペン、1-ブテン、イソブテン、トランス-2-ブテン、シス-2-ブテン、1-ペンテン、2-ペンテン、1-ヘキセン、2-ヘキセン、ベンゼン、トルエン、キシレン、エチルベンゼンなどを挙げることができる。これらは単独で用いてもよく、2種以上を混合して用いてもよい。
また、前記ランダマイザーとは、共重合体中の共役ジエン部分のミクロ構造制御、例えばブタジエンにおける1,2-結合、イソプレンにおける3,4-結合の増加など、あるいは共重合体におけるモノマー単位の組成分布の制御、例えばスチレンブタジエン共重合体におけるスチレン単位、ブタジエン単位のランダム化などの作用を有する化合物のことである。このランダマイザーとしては、特に制限はなく、従来ランダマイザーとして一般に使用されている公知の化合物の中から任意のものを用いることができる。例えば、ジメトキシベンゼン、テトラヒドロフラン、ジメトキシエタン、ジエチレングリコールジブチルエーテル、ジエチレングリコールジメチルエーテル、ビステトラヒドロフリルプロパン、トリエチルアミン、ピリジン、N-メチルモルホリン、N,N,N’,N’-テトラメチルエチレンジアミン、1,2-ジピペリジノエタンなどのエーテル類及び第三級アミン類などを挙げることができる。また、カリウム-t-アミレート、カリウム-t-ブトキシドなどのカリウム塩類、ナトリウム-t-アミレートなどのナトリウム塩類も用いることができる。これらのランダマイザーは、1種を単独で用いてもよく、2種以上を組み合わせて用いてもよい。また、ランダマイザーの使用量は、有機リチウム化合物1モル当たり、0.01モル当量以上が好ましく、0.05モル当量以上がより好ましい。ランダマイザーの使用量が0.01モル当量未満では、添加効果が小さく、ランダム化しにくい傾向がある。また、ランダマイザーの使用量は、有機リチウム化合物1モル当たり1000モル当量以下が好ましく、500モル当量以下がより好ましい。ランダマイザーの使用量が1000モル当量を超えると、モノマーの反応速度が大きく変化してしまい、逆にランダム化しにくくなる傾向がある。
アニオン重合の際の反応温度は、好適に反応が進行する限り特に限定はないが、通常-10℃~100℃であることが好ましく、25℃~70℃であることがより好ましい。
上記重合の工程により得られた共重合体の活性末端と、シリカと相互作用する官能基を有する化合物(B2)とを反応させる工程により、共重合体の重合終了末端に、シリカと相互作用する官能基を導入することができる。これにより、重合終了末端が変性された共重合体が得られる。なお、本発明において末端とは、分子鎖の端に存在する、炭素-炭素二重結合を有するモノマーに由来する構造以外の部分を意味する。
(I)下記式(1)で表される化合物(B2-1);
(II)分子中に、環状エーテル基、(チオ)カルボニル基及びイソ(チオ)シアナート基からなる群より選択される少なくとも1種の官能基(x1)と、窒素原子、リン原子、酸素原子及び硫黄原子からなる群より選択される少なくとも一種の原子(但し、窒素原子、リン原子及び硫黄原子は、少なくともいずれかが3置換のヒドロカルビルシリル基で保護されていてもよい。)を有し、かつ活性水素を有していない、前記官能基(x1)とは異なる基(x2)と、を各々1つ以上有する化合物(B2-2);
(III)分子中に、イソ(チオ)シアナート基を2つ以上有する化合物(B2-3);
等が挙げられる。化合物(B2)としては、これらを一種単独で又は二種以上を組み合わせて使用することができる。なお、本明細書において、(チオ)カルボニル基は、カルボニル基及びチオカルボニル基を示し、イソ(チオ)シアナート基は、イソシアナート基及びイソチオシアナート基を示す。
R5は、炭素数1~20の直鎖状若しくは分岐状のアルカンジイル基、炭素数3~20のシクロアルキレン基又は炭素数6~20のアリーレン基であることが好ましい。
nは、共重合体との反応性を高める観点から、0又は1が好ましい。
A1は、窒素原子、リン原子及び硫黄原子からなる群より選択される少なくとも一種の原子(以下、特定原子ともいう。)を有し、これら特定原子でR5に結合する。特定原子は活性水素に結合しておらず、例えば3置換のヒドロカルビルシリル基等で保護されていてもよい。なお、ここでいう「活性水素」とは、炭素原子以外の原子に結合した水素原子をいい、好ましくはポリメチレンの炭素-水素結合よりも結合エネルギが低いものを指す。
A1の具体例としては、例えば1級アミノ基の2つの水素原子が2つの保護基によって置換されてなる窒素含有基、2級アミノ基の1つの水素原子が1つの保護基によって置換されてなる窒素含有基、3級アミノ基、イミノ基、ピリジル基、1級ホスフィノ基の2つの水素原子が2つの保護基によって置換されてなるリン含有基、2級ホスフィノ基の1つの水素原子が1つの保護基によって置換されてなるリン含有基、3級ホスフィノ基、及び、チオール基の1つの水素原子が1つの保護基によって置換されてなる硫黄含有基等が挙げられる。これらの中でも、シリカとの親和性が良好である観点から、窒素原子を有する基であることが好ましい。なお、「保護基」とは、A1を重合活性末端に対して不活性な官能基に変換しておく官能基であり、例えば3置換のヒドロカルビルシリル基等が挙げられる。
(チオ)カルボニル基を有する化合物として、例えば4-N,N-ジメチルアミノベンゾフェノン等の4-アミノアセトフェノン;1,7-ビス(メチルエチルアミノ)-4-ヘプタノン等のビス(ジヒドロカルビルアミノアルキル)ケトン;2-ジメチルアミノエチルアクリレート等のジヒドロカルビルアミノアルキル(メタ)アクリレート;1,3-ジメチル-2-イミダゾリジノン等のヒドロカルビルイミダゾリジノン;1-フェニル-2-ピロリドン等のN-ヒドロカルビルピロリドン;N-メチル-ε-カプロラクタム等のN-ヒロドカルビルカプトラクタム;N,N-ジエチルホルムアミド等のN-ジヒドロカルビルホルムアミド;N,N-ジメチルアセトアミド等のN,N-ジヒドロカルビルアセトアミド;N,N-ジメチルアクリルアミド等の(メタ)アクリルアミド;などを;
イソ(チオ)シアナート基を有する化合物として、例えば3-イソシアナトプロピルトリメトキシシランなどを;挙げることができる。
末端変性反応の温度は、通常、上記重合反応の温度と同じであり、-20~150℃であることが好ましく、0~120℃であることがより好ましく、20~100℃であることが特に好ましい。変性反応の温度が低いと、変性共重合体の粘度が上昇する傾向がある。一方、変性反応の温度が高いと、重合活性末端が失活しやすくなる。変性反応の反応時間は、好ましくは1分~5時間であり、より好ましくは2分~1時間である。
上記アニオン重合は、この分野で通常使用する反応停止剤の添加により、停止させることができる。そのような反応停止剤としては、例えば、メタノール、エタノール、イソプロパノールなどのアルコールまたは酢酸などの活性プロトンを有する極性溶媒およびこれらの混液、またはそれらの極性溶媒とヘキサン、シクロヘキサンなどの無極性溶媒との混液が挙げられる。反応停止剤の添加量は、通常、アニオン重合開始剤に対し、同モル量もしくは2倍モル量程度で充分である。
上記共重合体の製造方法においては、単量体の重合開始から、後述する重合体の回収までに、共重合体の炭化水素溶液にカップリング剤を添加してもよい。カップリング剤としては、下記式(3-1)で表される化合物を挙げることができる。
R1 aML4-a (3-1)
(式(3-1)中、R1はアルキル基、アルケニル基、シクロアルケニル基またはアリール基を表し、Mはケイ素原子またはスズ原子を表し、Lはハロゲン原子またはヒドロカルビルオキシ基を表し、aは0~2の整数を表す。)
水添共重合体の製造方法においては、これまでに説明した共重合体を水素添加して、水素添加率が75モル%以上の水添共重合体を得る。共重合体を水素添加することによって、耐熱性が向上するという利点がある。また、水素添加率が低いと、ゴム破壊強度及び耐摩耗性の改善効果が充分に得られない。
なお、シリカの窒素吸着比表面積は、ASTM D3037-81に準じてBET法で測定される値である。
該窒素吸着比表面積は、ASTM D4820-93に従って測定され、該DBP吸収量は、ASTM D2414-93に従って測定される。
なお、上記シランカップリング剤としては、本発明の効果がより好適に得られるという理由から、シランカップリング剤1が好ましい。
上記式(2-1)におけるR109の例として、直鎖状アルキレン基としては、メチレン基、エチレン基、n-プロピレン基、n-ブチレン基、ヘキシレン基等が挙げられ、分枝状アルキレン基としては、イソプロピレン基、イソブチレン基、2-メチルプロピレン基等が挙げられる。
なお、結合単位A、Bの含有量は、結合単位A、Bがシランカップリング剤の末端に位置する場合も含む量である。結合単位A、Bがシランカップリング剤の末端に位置する場合の形態は特に限定されず、結合単位A、Bを示す式(2-2)、(2-3)と対応するユニットを形成していればよい。
n-ヘキサン:関東化学(株)製
スチレン:関東化学(株)製
ブタジエン:東京化成工業(株)製の1,3-ブタジエン
TMEDA:関東化学(株)製のN,N,N’,N’-テトラメチルエチレンジアミン
n-ブチルリチウム溶液:関東化学(株)製の1.6M n-ブチルリチウムヘキサン溶液
エタノール:関東化学(株)製
2,6-ジ-tert-ブチル-p-クレゾール:大内新興化学工業(株)製のノクラック200
アミン系変性剤:N,N-ビス(トリメチルシリル)アミノプロピルメチルジエトキシシラン
四塩化炭素を溶媒として用いて15質量%濃度の溶液を調製して、100MHzのH1-NMRの不飽和結合部のスペクトル減少率から算出した。
25℃にてJEOL JNM-A 400NMR装置を用いてH1-NMRを測定し、そのスペクトルより求めた6.5~7.2ppmのスチレン単位に基づくフェニルプロトンと4.9~5.4ppmのブタジエン単位に基づくビニルプロトンの比からスチレン含有量を決定した。
共重合体の重量平均分子量(Mw)及び数平均分子量(Mn)は、ゲルパーミエーションクロマトグラフ(GPC)(東ソー(株)製GPC-8000シリーズ、検出器:示差屈折計、カラム:東ソー(株)製のTSKGEL SUPERMULTIPORE HZ-M)による測定値を基に標準ポリスチレン換算により求めた。また、共重合体が変性基を有する場合、変性処理を実施する前にMw、Mnを測定した。これは、変性基を有する共重合体を測定した場合、変性基とカラムのシリカゲルとが相互作用を起こし、正確なMw、Mnが得られないためである。
ガラス転移温度(Tg)は、JIS K 7121に従い、ティー・エイ・インスツルメント・ジャパン社製の示差走査熱量計(Q200)を用いて昇温速度10℃/分で昇温しながら測定することにより、ガラス転移開始温度として求めた。
合成例1(共重合体(1)の合成:水素添加率0モル%、SBR)
十分に窒素置換した耐熱反応容器にn-ヘキサン2000ml、スチレン60g、ブタジエン140g、TMEDA0.93g、n-ブチルリチウム0.45mmolを加えて、50℃で5時間攪拌し、重合反応を行った。その後、エタノールを加えて反応を止め、反応溶液に2,6-ジ-tert-ブチル-p-クレゾール1gを添加後、再沈殿精製により共重合体(1)を得た。得られた共重合体(1)は重量平均分子量(Mw)490,000、スチレン含有量30質量%であった。
得られた重合体を水素添加する以外は、共重合体(1)と同様の処方にて共重合体(2)を得た。すなわち、共重合体(1)において重合転化反応後、エタノールを加えて重合反応を停止させず、次いで、水素ガスを0.4MPa-Gaugeの圧力で供給しながら20分間撹拌し、未反応のポリマー末端リチウムと反応させ、水素化リチウムとした。水素ガス供給圧力を0.7MPa-Gauge、反応温度を90℃とし、チタノセンジクロリドを主体とする触媒を用いて水素添加を行った。水素の吸収が目的の水素添加率となる積算量に達した時点で、反応温度を常温とし、水素圧を常圧に戻して反応容器より抜き出し、反応溶液を水中に撹拌投入して溶媒をスチームストリッピングにより除去することによって、共重合体(2)を得た。得られた共重合体(2)の水素添加率は60モル%であり、重量平均分子量(Mw)は450,000であった。
目的の水素添加率となるように、水素の吸引の積算量を調整した以外は、共重合体(2)と同様の処方により、共重合体(3)を得た。得られた共重合体(3)の水素添加率は80モル%であり、重量平均分子量(Mw)は480,000であった。
目的の水素添加率となるように、水素の吸引の積算量を調整した以外は、共重合体(2)と同様の処方により、共重合体(4)を得た。得られた共重合体(4)の水素添加率は95モル%であり、重量平均分子量(Mw)は450,000であった。
十分に窒素置換した耐熱反応容器にn-ヘキサン2000ml、スチレン60g、1,3-ブタジエン140g、TMEDA0.93g、n-ブチルリチウム0.45mmolを加えて、50℃で5時間攪拌し、重合反応を行った。その後アミン系変性剤を0.15mol加えて、0℃で1時間撹拌した。その後の工程については、水素の吸引の積算量を調整した以外は、共重合体(2)と同様の処方により、共重合体(5)を得た。得られた共重合体(5)の水素添加率は95モル%であり、変性前の重量平均分子量(Mw)は460,000であった。
共重合体(1)~(5):上記方法で合成
天然ゴム:TSR20
カーボンブラック:三菱化学(株)製のダイアブラックN339(N2SA:96m2/g、DBP吸収量:124ml/100g)
オイル:JX日鉱日石エネルギー(株)製のX-140
シリカ:EVONIK社製のULTRASIL VN3(N2SA:180m2/g)
シランカップリング剤A:デグッサ社製のSi69(ビス(3-トリエトキシシリルプロピル)テトラスルフィド)
シランカップリング剤B:Momentive社製のNXT(3-オクタノイルチオプロピルトリエトキシシラン)
シランカップリング剤C:Momentive社製のNXT-Z45(結合単位A及び結合単位Bとの共重合体(結合単位A:55モル%、結合単位B:45モル%))
老化防止剤:住友化学(株)製のアンチゲン3C
ステアリン酸:日油(株)製のビーズステアリン酸つばき
酸化亜鉛:三井金属鉱業(株)製の亜鉛華1号
ワックス:大内新興化学工業(株)製のサンノックN
硫黄:鶴見化学工業(株)製の粉末硫黄
加硫促進剤(1):住友化学(株)製のソクシノールCZ(N-シクロヘキシル-2-ベンゾチアゾリルスルフェンアミド)
加硫促進剤(2):住友化学(株)製のソクシノールD(1,3-ジフェニルグアニジン)
表2~4に示す配合内容に従い、(株)神戸製鋼所製の1.7Lバンバリーミキサーを用いて、硫黄及び加硫促進剤以外の材料を150℃の条件下で5分間混練りし、混練り物を得た。次に、得られた混練り物に硫黄及び加硫促進剤を添加し、オープンロールを用いて、80℃の条件下で5分間練り込み、未加硫ゴム組成物を得た。得られた未加硫ゴム組成物を170℃で20分間、0.5mm厚の金型でプレス加硫し、加硫ゴム組成物を得た。
得られた加硫ゴム組成物について、下記の評価を行った。結果を表2~4に示す。
上記加硫ゴム組成物について、JIS K 6251に準じて引張試験を行い、破断伸びを測定した。測定結果を、比較例1を100とした指数で示した。指数が大きいほどゴム破壊強度が大きいことを示している。
(ゴム破壊強度指数)=(各配合のゴム破壊強度)/(比較例1のゴム破壊強度)×100
LAT試験機(Laboratory Abration and Skid Tester)を用い、荷重50N、速度20km/h、スリップアングル5°の条件にて、各加硫ゴム組成物の容積損失量を測定した。比較例1の容積損失量を100として指数表示した。数値が大きいほど耐摩耗性に優れることを示している。
(株)上島製作所製スペクトロメーターを用いて、動的歪振幅1%、周波数10Hz、温度50℃で加硫ゴム組成物のtanδを測定した。tanδの逆数の値について比較例1を100として指数表示した。数値が大きいほど転がり抵抗が小さく、低燃費性に優れることを示している。
Claims (11)
- ゴム組成物を用いて作製した空気入りタイヤであって、
前記ゴム組成物は、芳香族ビニル化合物及び共役ジエン化合物を共重合して得られた、共役ジエン部の水素添加率が75モル%以上である水添共重合体と、シリカと、カルボニルチオ基(-S-C(=O)-)を有し、かつメルカプト基(-SH)を有しないシランカップリング剤1及び/又はメルカプト基(-SH)を有するシランカップリング剤2とを含み、
ゴム成分100質量%中の前記水添共重合体の含有量が75質量%以上である空気入りタイヤ。 - 前記水添共重合体の重量平均分子量が200,000~2,000,000である請求項1に記載の空気入りタイヤ。
- 前記水添共重合体の水素添加率が90モル%以上である請求項1又は2に記載の空気入りタイヤ。
- 前記水添共重合体が水添スチレンブタジエン共重合体である請求項1~3のいずれかに記載の空気入りタイヤ。
- 前記水添スチレンブタジエン共重合体が水添変性スチレンブタジエン共重合体である請求項4に記載の空気入りタイヤ。
- 前記水添スチレンブタジエン共重合体のスチレン含有量が5~40質量%である請求項4又は5に記載の空気入りタイヤ。
- ゴム成分100質量%中の前記水添スチレンブタジエン共重合体の含有量が90~100質量%である請求項4~6のいずれかに記載の空気入りタイヤ。
- 前記ゴム組成物は、カーボンブラックを更に含み、
ゴム成分100質量部に対して、シリカの含有量が1~200質量部、カーボンブラックの含有量が1質量部以上である請求項1~7のいずれかに記載の空気入りタイヤ。 - 前記シランカップリング剤1及び前記シランカップリング剤2の合計含有量が、シリカ100質量部に対して、1~10質量部である請求項1~8のいずれかに記載の空気入りタイヤ。
- 前記シランカップリング剤1が、下記式(2-1)で表されるシランカップリング剤である請求項1~9のいずれかに記載の空気入りタイヤ。
- 前記シランカップリング剤2が、下記式(2-2)で示される結合単位Aと下記式(2-3)で示される結合単位Bとを含むシランカップリング剤である請求項1~10のいずれかに記載の空気入りタイヤ。
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JP2015558261A JP6801183B2 (ja) | 2014-09-08 | 2015-07-10 | 空気入りタイヤ |
US15/503,236 US10428203B2 (en) | 2014-09-08 | 2015-07-10 | Pneumatic tire |
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US10428203B2 (en) | 2019-10-01 |
JPWO2016039007A1 (ja) | 2017-06-15 |
EP3181629A1 (en) | 2017-06-21 |
JP6801183B2 (ja) | 2020-12-16 |
US20170226325A1 (en) | 2017-08-10 |
EP3181629A4 (en) | 2018-03-07 |
EP3181629B1 (en) | 2020-04-15 |
CN106661282A (zh) | 2017-05-10 |
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