WO2010122764A1 - はんだ材料および電子部品接合体 - Google Patents
はんだ材料および電子部品接合体 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2010122764A1 WO2010122764A1 PCT/JP2010/002812 JP2010002812W WO2010122764A1 WO 2010122764 A1 WO2010122764 A1 WO 2010122764A1 JP 2010002812 W JP2010002812 W JP 2010002812W WO 2010122764 A1 WO2010122764 A1 WO 2010122764A1
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- electronic component
- weight
- solder
- electrode
- substrate
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
- B23K35/26—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 400 degrees C
- B23K35/262—Sn as the principal constituent
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
- B32B15/01—Layered products comprising a layer of metal all layers being exclusively metallic
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C13/00—Alloys based on tin
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K3/00—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits
- H05K3/30—Assembling printed circuits with electric components, e.g. with resistor
- H05K3/32—Assembling printed circuits with electric components, e.g. with resistor electrically connecting electric components or wires to printed circuits
- H05K3/34—Assembling printed circuits with electric components, e.g. with resistor electrically connecting electric components or wires to printed circuits by soldering
- H05K3/341—Surface mounted components
- H05K3/3431—Leadless components
- H05K3/3442—Leadless components having edge contacts, e.g. leadless chip capacitors, chip carriers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K3/00—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits
- H05K3/30—Assembling printed circuits with electric components, e.g. with resistor
- H05K3/32—Assembling printed circuits with electric components, e.g. with resistor electrically connecting electric components or wires to printed circuits
- H05K3/34—Assembling printed circuits with electric components, e.g. with resistor electrically connecting electric components or wires to printed circuits by soldering
- H05K3/3457—Solder materials or compositions; Methods of application thereof
- H05K3/3463—Solder compositions in relation to features of the printed circuit board or the mounting process
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
- B23K2101/36—Electric or electronic devices
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K2201/00—Indexing scheme relating to printed circuits covered by H05K1/00
- H05K2201/10—Details of components or other objects attached to or integrated in a printed circuit board
- H05K2201/10613—Details of electrical connections of non-printed components, e.g. special leads
- H05K2201/10954—Other details of electrical connections
- H05K2201/10992—Using different connection materials, e.g. different solders, for the same connection
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a lead-free solder material, an electronic component assembly using such a solder material, and a method of manufacturing an electronic component assembly.
- a numerical value or numerical range may be indicated immediately before the metal element other than Sn, but this is generally used in the art. As shown, the weight percent of each element in the metal composition is shown as a numerical value or a numerical range, and the balance means that it consists of Sn.
- soldering connection having high electrical connectivity and high productivity and workability is used.
- Sn-Pb eutectic solder containing lead has conventionally been used as a solder material
- various lead-free solders have been studied and put into practical use as alternatives to Sn-Pb eutectic solder. .
- Sn-0.7Cu, Sn-3.0Ag-0.5Cu, Sn-3.5Ag-0.5Bi-8.0In, etc. are generally used as lead-free solders (eg, Patent Document 1) checking). These lead-free solders are considered to have the same connection reliability as Sn-Pb eutectic solder, and even if the temperature cycle test between -40 ° C and 85 ° C is performed for 1000 cycles, for example It is possible to obtain a junction quality that does not cause a connection failure leading to a malfunction.
- Patent Document 1 2 lead-free solder is proposed in which at least one selected from the group consisting of Sb, Zn, Ni, Ga, Ge and Cu is added to Sn-Ag-In-Bi solder (Patent Document 1 2)). More specifically, Patent Document 2 discloses that 0.5 to 5% by weight of Ag, 0.5 to 20% by weight of In, 0.1 to 3% by weight of Bi, Sb, Zn, Ni, Ga, Ge And a lead-free solder comprising at least one selected from the group consisting of and 3% by weight or less and the balance Sn, and in that example, between -40 ° C. and 125 ° C. It is described that no deformation was observed in the solder alloy even after 1000 to 2000 cycles of the temperature cycling test of
- Patent 3040929 Unexamined-Japanese-Patent No. 2004-188453
- connection failure For applications that are exposed to severe temperature environments such as automobile engine compartments, solder joints are required to have higher durability, and more specifically, thermal fatigue resistance.
- the temperature cycle test between -40 ° C and 150 ° C is carried out as reliability requirements equivalent to automobile engine compartments, and even if such a test is carried out for 3000 cycles, a connection failure leading to product malfunction (hereinafter referred to as “this” In the specification, it is required that no occurrence of “connection failure” occurs.
- an electronic component assembly obtained using a solder material of Sn-3.5Ag-0.5Bi-8.0In (Patent Document 1) is subjected to a temperature cycle test between -40.degree. C. and 150.degree. C. If it adds, connection failure will occur by 1000 cycles.
- the present inventors have found that a crack (or a crack) occurs in a solder joint between an electronic component and a substrate, and this crack eventually causes a break, resulting in a connection failure, We investigated the cause.
- the electrode portion 63 a of the electronic component 63 made of copper is Sn-3.5Ag-0 on the electrode land 61 a (not covered with the resist 61 b) of copper of the substrate 61. .5 Bi-8.0 In-0.5 Sb is used for bonding.
- Cu-Sn intermetallic compound 65a grows on the surface of electrode part 63a and electrode land 61a with heating or progress of time, solder mother phase 65b remains continuously between these Cu-Sn intermetallic compounds 65a. Do.
- the Cu-Sn intermetallic compound 65a has a hard and brittle property, and a weak bonding interface is formed between the Cu-Sn intermetallic compound 65a and the solder matrix 65b, and the continuous phase of the solder matrix 65 passes through. It is considered that the crack 67 propagates and eventually causes a break, causing a connection failure.
- the present invention is a lead-free solder material that exhibits high thermal fatigue resistance even under severe temperature environments such as automobile engine compartments, and can effectively reduce the occurrence of connection failure leading to product malfunction. Intended to provide.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide an electronic component assembly using such a solder material and a method of manufacturing the electronic component assembly.
- the present inventors can control the stress relaxation property of a solder joint by the content of In to Sn, and add one or more elements selected from the group consisting of Cu, Ni, Co, Fe and Sb. It has been found that this additive element can be dissolved in the layer of the intermetallic compound formed between the solder material and the metal to be joined to promote its formation and growth, and the present invention has been completed.
- a solder material comprising 1% by weight or less (excluding 0% by weight in total) of one or more elements selected from the group consisting of Co, Fe and Sb, and the balance Sn.
- solder material of the present invention can form a portion (solder matrix) excellent in stress relaxation property in a solder joint by setting the content of In to 4.0 to 6.0% by weight. It is possible to effectively prevent the occurrence of cracks.
- the solder material of the present invention may be added by adding a total of one or more elements selected from the group consisting of Cu, Ni, Co, Fe and Sb in an amount of 1% by weight or less (excluding 0% by weight).
- a thermally and mechanically stable portion in the solder joint since it can promote the growth of a hard intermetallic compound (preferably Cu-Sn intermetallic compound) formed with a metal to be joined (preferably copper) (The growth phase of the intermetallic compound, preferably a closed structure by the intermetallic compound) can be formed, and the generation and elongation of cracks can be prevented.
- a solder material of the present invention high thermal fatigue resistance is exhibited even in a severe temperature environment such as an engine room of a car, and the occurrence of connection failure leading to a product function stop is effectively reduced. can do.
- solder material may include trace metals inevitably mixed as long as the metal composition is substantially composed of the listed metals, and / or other than metal It means that it may contain other components of (eg flux etc.).
- Cu-Sn intermetallic compound means an alloy containing Cu and Sn as main components
- closed structure by the intermetallic compound means that the members to be joined by the solder material are intermetallic compounds. It should be noted that it means that they are connected, and it is not necessary for the entire space between the members to be closed with the intermetallic compound.
- solder joint in which the copper-containing electrode portion of the electronic component is formed on the copper-containing electrode land of the substrate using a solder material
- the solder material comprises 1.0 to 4.0% by weight of Ag, 4.0 to 6.0% by weight of In, 0.1 to 1.0% by weight or less, the total of one or more elements selected from the group consisting of Cu, Ni, Co, Fe and Sb, containing 1% by weight or less (excluding 0% by weight) and the balance Sn
- Such an electronic component assembly of the present invention exhibits the same function and effect as those described above for the solder material of the present invention.
- Such an electronic component joined body may be an electronic circuit board, and can realize an electronic circuit board which is more excellent in durability (particularly heat-resistant fatigue property) than conventional.
- the space between the electrode portion of the electronic component and the electrode land of the substrate is at least partially closed by the Cu—Sn intermetallic compound.
- an electronic component joined body in which a copper-containing electrode portion of an electronic component is joined to a copper-containing electrode land of a substrate by a joint formed using a solder material.
- Method 1.0 to 4.0% by weight of Ag, 4.0 to 6.0% by weight of In, 0.1 to 1% of Bi on the electrode land containing copper of the substrate, in the electrode part containing copper of the electronic component .0% by weight, containing up to 1% by weight (excluding 0% by weight) of the total of one or more elements selected from the group consisting of Cu, Ni, Co, Fe and Sb, and the balance Sn
- a heat treatment is performed until a portion between an electrode portion of an electronic component and an electrode land of a substrate is at least partially closed by a Cu—Sn intermetallic compound in a joint joined by a solder material and formed using the solder material
- a manufacturing method comprising growing a Cu—Sn intermetallic compound from both the electrode part of the electronic component and the electrode land of the
- Such a manufacturing method of the present invention can intentionally manufacture an electronic component joined body which already has the above-mentioned closed structure by a very simple method.
- solder joint portion is a portion excellent in stress relaxation (solder matrix) and a thermally and mechanically stable portion (growth phase of intermetallic compound
- solder joint portion is a portion excellent in stress relaxation (solder matrix) and a thermally and mechanically stable portion (growth phase of intermetallic compound
- solder joint portion is a portion excellent in stress relaxation (solder matrix) and a thermally and mechanically stable portion (growth phase of intermetallic compound
- it can be constructed of a closed structure by an intermetallic compound, so that it exhibits high thermal fatigue resistance even in a severe temperature environment such as an engine room of a car, and a connection failure leading to a product malfunction Solder materials are provided that can effectively reduce the occurrence.
- an electronic component joined body which can exhibit the same operation and effect as the above.
- Such an electronic component joined body may be an electronic circuit board, and can realize an electronic circuit board which is more excellent in durability (particularly heat-resistant fatigue property) than conventional.
- FIG. 7 is a partial schematic cross-sectional view (the right half of the electronic component is shown with the substrate therebelow) of the electronic component assembly in which the electronic component is bonded to the substrate using the solder material in one embodiment of the present invention. It is the figure which looked at the electronic component joined body of embodiment of FIG. 1 from the top, Comprising: It is the figure which projected the electrode part of the electronic component on the substrate surface. It is a graph which shows the relationship between Ag content in Sn-Ag, and liquidus temperature. It is a graph which shows the relationship between In content in Sn-In, the transformation temperature of Sn (solid line), and the shear strength (dotted line) of a solder joint part.
- FIG. 10 is a partial schematic cross-sectional view of an electronic component assembly in which the electronic component is bonded to a substrate using a conventional solder material.
- the copper-containing electrode portion 3 a of the electronic component 3 is not covered by the copper-containing electrode land 1 a (not covered with the resist 1 b) of the substrate 1. They are joined by a joint (solder joint) 5 formed using a solder material.
- Solder materials 1.0 to 4.0% by weight of Ag, 4.0 to 6.0% by weight of In, 0.1 to 1.0% by weight of Bi, Cu, Ni, Co, Fe and Sb
- a lead-free solder material is used which comprises not more than 1% by weight (excluding 0% by weight) of the total of one or more elements selected from the group consisting of and the balance Sn.
- the space between the electrode portion 3a of the electronic component 3 and the electrode land 1a of the substrate 1 is at least partially closed with the Cu-Sn intermetallic compound 5a (or connected ing.
- the Cu-Sn intermetallic compound 5a is formed of Sn in the solder material and Cu forming the electrode portion 3a and the electrode land 1a, and is grown from the electrode portion 3a and the electrode land 1a, respectively, and eventually contact each other or As it is coupled, the space between the electrode portion 3a and the electrode land 1a is closed (see FIG. 1).
- the portion other than the Cn-Sn intermetallic compound 5a in the joint 5 is composed of a solder matrix (or a solder bulk phase derived from a solder material and having a Cn-Sn intermetallic compound formed thereon) 5b.
- the solder matrix 5b may be present as a continuous phase over the entire region between the electrode portion 3a and the electrode land 1a because it is at least partially blocked by the Cn-Sn intermetallic compound 5a. It is disturbed.
- the outer shape of the bonding portion 5 is generally a quadrangular pyramid having the bottom surface of the electrode land 1a and the upper edge portion of the electrode portion 3a (the upper end portion with the lead wire of the electrode portion 3a in FIG. 1). It may have a shape in which the electronic component 3 and the electrode portion 3a are removed from the base.
- the joint portion 5 is a portion between the electrode land 1a and the electrode portion 3a facing each other (in FIG. 1, the projection range is indicated by a symbol “A”, and the electrode portion 3a in FIG.
- the remaining non-facing region of the electrode land 1a, the fillet portion surrounded by the surface including the remaining region of the electrode portion 3a and substantially perpendicular to the substrate surface, and the inclined surface connecting these edges (In FIG. 1, the projection range is shown by a symbol "B", and it is an area
- At least a part of the part A where the electrode part 3a and the electrode land 1a face each other is covered with the Cu-Sn intermetallic compound 5a over at least a part, preferably a large part, more preferably about the entire area.
- the presence as a continuous phase in part A is prevented and becomes present in its fillet part B.
- FIGS. 1 and 2 the case where a chip part is used as an example of the electronic part 3 is illustrated (in FIG. 2, the area surrounded by a dotted line is a projection area of the electronic part 3).
- the solder matrix 5b is relatively soft. Since the electrode portion 3a and the electrode land 1a are joined at a portion other than the above-described closed structure (the fillet portion B in the illustrated embodiment) by such a solder matrix 5b, it is possible to relieve the stress at that portion It is possible to effectively prevent the occurrence of cracks (or cracks).
- the Cn-Sn intermetallic compound 5a is hard, thermally and mechanically stable, a strong closed structure by the Cn-Sn intermetallic compound 5a is formed between the electrode portion 3a and the electrode land 1a (shown in FIG.
- the electronic component can be joined to the substrate with high strength.
- the total amount of one or more elements selected from the group consisting of Cu, Ni, Co, Fe and Sb is 1% by weight or less (excluding 0% by weight) in the solder material used.
- the element dissolves in the layer of the Cn-Sn intermetallic compound 5a to promote its growth, and a strong closed structure can be rapidly formed between the electrode portion 3a and the electrode land 1a. Extension can be effectively prevented.
- Such a closed structure can be stably and reliably formed by adding a predetermined amount of one or more elements of Cu, Ni, Co, Fe and Sb.
- Such an electronic component assembly 10 exhibits high thermal fatigue resistance even under a severe temperature environment such as an automobile engine room, and effectively reduces the occurrence of connection failure leading to a product malfunction. Can. For example, even if a temperature cycle test between -40 ° C. and 150 ° C. is performed for 3000 cycles, it is possible to obtain a junction quality free of connection failure leading to a product failure.
- solder material solder material
- a lead-free solder material is used which comprises not more than 1% by weight (excluding 0% by weight) of the total of one or more elements selected from the group consisting of and the balance Sn.
- Ag Content Ag can be crystallized as an Ag 3 Sn compound around a ⁇ -Sn phase in Sn—Ag based solder, and can play a role of reducing deformation of the solder due to heat or mechanical external force. In order to obtain high thermal fatigue resistance, it needs to contain a certain amount of Ag, and in order to pass the temperature cycle test from -40 ° C to 150 ° C, the Ag content should be 1.0% by weight or more Is preferred.
- FIG. 3 is a graph showing the relationship between the Ag content in Sn—Ag and the liquidus temperature for the Sn—Ag solder.
- the Ag content was 0% by weight, it showed 232 ° C., which is the melting point of Sn.
- the liquidus temperature decreased as the Ag content was increased from 0 wt%, and decreased to 221 ° C., which is the Sn—Ag eutectic temperature, when the Ag content was 3.5 wt%.
- the liquidus temperature rapidly increased.
- the reflow peak temperature is preferably 240 ° C. or less. Therefore, the liquidus temperature of the solder is preferably 230 ° C. or less. From FIG. 3, it is recognized that the Ag content in Sn is 1.0 to 4.0 wt% when the liquidus temperature is 230 ° C. or lower.
- the Ag content in the metal composition is set to 1.0 to 4.0% by weight.
- In Content In is contained in an Ag—Sn compound phase or ⁇ Sn phase in a Sn—Ag—Bi—In solder, or exists as a ⁇ Sn (In) phase.
- the proportion of ⁇ Sn phase in the solder varies with the In content and temperature.
- Sn-Ag-Bi-In solder when heat is applied, transformation behavior in which the ⁇ Sn phase changes to the ⁇ Sn phase occurs above a certain temperature, the solder self-deforms, and the fillet shape largely collapses. It will Therefore, it is preferred that during the temperature cycling test or actual use by the user, there is no overlap of the temperature at which the transformation behavior occurs (transformation temperature).
- a graph indicated by a solid line is a graph in which the transformation temperature of Sn with respect to the In content in Sn—In is examined.
- the transformation temperature of Sn decreased.
- the transformation temperature of Sn decreased.
- the transformation temperature of Sn decreased to 150 ° C.
- the transformation temperature of Sn decreased to 100 ° C.
- the In content is preferably 6.0% by weight or less.
- the In content also affects the strength of the solder joint, and more specifically, when the In content increases, the ⁇ Sn (In) phase increases and the strength of the solder joint is improved.
- a graph indicated by a dotted line is a graph in which the shear strength with respect to the In content in Sn—In is examined.
- Substrate 1 High Tg type high heat resistance substrate R-1755T, double-sided copper-clad, thickness 1.2 mm (manufactured by Panasonic Electric Works Co., Ltd.)
- Electrode land 1a Cu land, thickness 35 ⁇ m, surface-treated with a preflux treatment agent (Tough Ace, manufactured by Shikoku Kasei Kogyo Co., Ltd.)
- Resist 1b high heat resistant resist (manufactured by Solar Ink Mfg. Co., Ltd.)
- Electronic component 3 Chip capacitor 1005 size (C1005 manufactured by TDK Corporation)
- Electrode part 3a Cu electrode (made by TDK Corporation C1005)
- Mounting method Reflow soldering (240 ° C)
- the In content is preferably 4.0% by weight or more.
- the In content in the metal composition is set to 4.0 to 6.0% by weight.
- Bi content When Bi is added to a Sn—Ag—In solder, the Young's modulus of the solder joint increases and the mechanical strength improves. In order to obtain the effect of improving the mechanical strength, it is necessary to contain Bi to some extent, and the Bi content is preferably 0.1% by weight or more.
- FIG. 5 is a graph showing the relationship between the elongation at break and the Bi content in Sn-3.5Ag-Bi when Bi is added to the Sn-3.5Ag solder.
- the Bi content was in the range of 0 to 1.0% by weight or less, the elongation at break was approximately 41.5%, substantially independent of the Bi content.
- the content of Bi was 1.0% by weight or more, the solder became hard rapidly, and when the content of Bi was 2.0% by weight, the breaking elongation decreased to 22%.
- the ductility (breaking elongation) of the solder does not decrease. Therefore, in order not to substantially cause a reduction in breaking elongation, the Bi content is preferably 1.0% by weight or less.
- the Bi content in the metal composition is set to 0.1 to 1.0% by weight.
- the additive element when such an element is added in excess, the additive element is not only dissolved in the interface reaction layer but also in the solder matrix, or the added element is dissolved or crystallized out, and the solder joint becomes hard and brittle.
- Table 1 shows the drop strength test when various elements described above are added to Sn- (1.0 to 4.0) Ag- (4.0 to 6.0) In- (0.1 to 1.0) Bi. Indicates the number of samples that did not pass.
- Sn- (1.0 to 4.0) Ag- (4.0 to 6.0) In- (0.1 to 1.0) Bi it is in the metal composition range of the solder material of the present invention.
- the solder composition Sn-4.0Ag-1.0Bi-6.0In, which can be the hardest, and Sn-1.0Ag-0.1Bi-4.0In, the solder composition that can be the softest, are selected.
- the “addition amount” of the additive element is the amount obtained by substituting Sn with the additive element, and thus the “addition amount” of the additive element is equal to the content of the additive element in the metal composition of the solder material, and Ag, In and Bi The content of each does not change before and after addition.
- Substrate 1 FR-4 substrate, double-sided copper-clad, 1.2 mm thick (manufactured by Panasonic Electric Works Co., Ltd.)
- Electrode land 1a Cu land, thickness 35 ⁇ m, surface-treated with a preflux treatment agent (Tough Ace, manufactured by Shikoku Kasei Kogyo Co., Ltd.)
- Resist 1b high heat resistant resist (manufactured by Solar Ink Mfg. Co., Ltd.)
- Electronic parts 3 Chip parts 5750 size (Nippon Chemi-Con Corporation C5750)
- Electrode unit 3a Cu electrode (C5750 manufactured by Nippon Chemi-Con Corporation) Mounting method: Reflow soldering (240 ° C)
- the total of one or more elements selected from the group consisting of Cu, Ni, Co, Fe and Sb is preferably 1.0% by weight or less (excluding 0% by weight).
- the above-mentioned elements may be present in a very small amount, for example, 0.05% by weight or more and 0.1% by weight or less. With such an additive element content, a Cu--Sn intermetallic compound can form a closed structure between the electrode portion of the electronic component and the electrode land of the substrate prior to the generation and elongation of the crack.
- the total content of one or more elements selected from the group consisting of Cu, Ni, Co, Fe and Sb in the metal composition is 1.0% by weight or less (where 0 For example, 0.05% by weight or more, excluding 0.1% by weight, and in particular, 0.1% by weight or less.
- the additive element is most preferably Co, and then the preference decreases in the order of Ni, Cu and Fe, and Sb (Cu and Fe are equivalent).
- the effects of the respective elements of Cu, Ni, Co, Fe and Sb will be described below.
- Ni, Co, and Fe are transition metals similar to Cu, and their atomic radii are similar to each other, but first, they are largely different from Cu in that they are not main components of the Cu—Sn intermetallic compound, and Ni, Co, There is also a difference between Fe. Both Ni and Co do not affect the meltability of the solder, and uniformly dissolve in the Cu-Sn intermetallic compound to promote the growth of the Cu-Sn intermetallic compound (thus, the closed structure Act to form). In particular, since Co is more easily dissolved in Sn than Ni, it is possible to reproducibly prepare a solder material (more specifically, a solder alloy) to be supplied to a joint of an electronic component (in other words, variation in solder composition) Is less likely to occur). Also, Fe has no problem in the action and effect of promoting the growth of the Cu—Sn intermetallic compound (and consequently forming a closed structure), but tends to be apt to be easily oxidized as compared with other elements.
- Sb also forms a solid solution in the Cu—Sn intermetallic compound and acts to promote the growth of the Cu—Sn intermetallic compound.
- Sb easily dissolves in Sn as compared with other elements, so the degree of promotion is small, and it takes a long time to form a closed structure by the Cu—Sn intermetallic compound.
- solder paste (also referred to as cream solder) is prepared as a solder material, and this is printed on substrate 1 by a printing method, and a printing mask is formed on electrode lands 1a of substrate 1 Apply selectively through.
- the printing mask used was 1.5 mm thick, and the manufacturer's recommended values were used for the electrode land size and the mask opening size.
- the solder paste is prepared by blending a solder powder (for example, with a particle diameter of 20 to 40 ⁇ m) having a metal composition of the solder material of the present invention and a flux in a ratio of about 9: 1 and adjusting the viscosity to about 200 Pa ⁇ s. is there.
- solder powder two or more kinds of solder powders different in particle diameter and / or composition may be used together as long as the metal composition of the solder material of the present invention can be obtained as the final metal composition.
- the electronic component 3 is mounted on the substrate 1 using the component mounting machine so that the electrode portion 3a of the electronic component 3 is disposed on the solder paste printed on the electrode lands 1a of the substrate 1.
- the solder powder is melted by heating the substrate 1 on which the electronic component 3 is mounted through a reflow furnace, and the electrode portion 3a of the electronic component 3 is formed on the electrode land 1a of the substrate 1 using a solder material. It joins by the joined part.
- the temperature profile of reflow heating may be, for example, preheating from 150 ° C. to 170 ° C. for about 100 seconds, and then main heating may be held at 240 ° C. for 3 minutes.
- the reflow heating includes aging (heating for growing the intermetallic compound), during which the electronic component is joined and the Cu-Sn intermetallic compound 5a is grown.
- the electronic component joined body 10 as shown in FIG. 1 is obtained.
- the space between the electrode portion 3a of the electronic component 3 and the electrode land 1a of the substrate 1 is at least partially closed by the Cu-Sn intermetallic compound 5a.
- the part of is composed of the solder matrix 5b.
- aging is not performed by the reflow heating but after the reflow heating, aging is performed by heating for at least a predetermined time at the heat resistance temperature of the electronic component 3 or less. May grow.
- the electrode part of the electronic component and the electrode land of the substrate both contain copper, at least the surface is made of metal other than copper (for example, surface treatment with Ni / Au etc. Applied)).
- the solder material of the present invention Sn and Cu in the solder material will be intermetallic compounds (eg Cu-Ni-Sn) with the metal to be joined (eg Ni).
- the compound can be formed and grown to form a closed structure similar to that shown in FIG.
- aging is included in reflow heating or aging is performed after reflow heating, but aging is not necessarily required, and reflow heating is usually performed. Only the degree (for example, holding 220 degrees or more for 20 seconds) may be performed. In this case, although the growth of the intermetallic compound is not sufficient in the electronic component joined body, a closed structure by the intermetallic compound may be formed during actual use by the user, and the excellent durability equivalent to the above-described embodiment is obtained. (Heat-resistant fatigue characteristics) can be developed.
- FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 showed the electronic component joined body which used the chip component as an electronic component, it is good if it is an electronic component which has high temperature (for example, 150 degreeC) heat resistance.
- the same function and effect can be obtained when SMT (Surface Mount Technology) mounting of lead-type electronic components and semiconductor packages such as diodes, transistors, QFPs (Quad Flat Packages), SOPs (Small Outline Packages), etc.
- the substrate is not limited to a resin-based substrate such as epoxy, and may be an inorganic substrate such as iron-based or ceramic-based.
- Substrate 1 High Tg type high heat resistance substrate R-1755T, double-sided copper-clad, thickness 1.2 mm (manufactured by Panasonic Electric Works Co., Ltd.)
- Electrode land 1a Cu land, thickness 35 ⁇ m, surface-treated with a preflux treatment agent (Tough Ace, manufactured by Shikoku Kasei Kogyo Co., Ltd.)
- Resist 1b high heat resistant resist (manufactured by Solar Ink Mfg.
- Electronic component 3 Chip capacitor 1005 size (C1005 manufactured by TDK Corporation)
- Electrode part 3a Cu electrode (made by TDK Corporation C1005)
- Mounting method Reflow soldering (preheat from 150 ° C to 170 ° C for about 100 seconds, then hold main heating at 240 ° C for 3 minutes)
- a sample of the electronic component assembly thus produced is subjected to 3000 cycles of a temperature cycle test between -40 ° C. and 150 ° C., and then cross-sectional observation between the electrode portion of the electronic component and the electrode land of the substrate It was evaluated by whether the crack (crack) which corresponds to disconnection generate
- the number of samples (N number) was five for each metal composition. The determination results are shown together in Tables 2 and 3.
- Examples 1 to 32 of the present invention in the solder joint portion, in the portion between the electrode portion of the electronic component and the electrode land of the substrate facing each other, the closed structure by the Cu—Sn intermetallic compound is formed It was confirmed that a junction with high junction reliability was realized. On the other hand, in Comparative Examples 1 to 32, such a Cu--Sn intermetallic compound does not form a closed structure, and the solder matrix is a continuous phase across the entire region between the electrode portion of the electronic component and the electrode land of the substrate. As existed.
- FIGS. 7A and 7B SEM photographs of portions of the electrode portion of the electronic component and the electrode land of the substrate while facing each other are shown in FIGS. 7A and 7B.
- FIG. 7A in Example 2, a closed structure by the Cu—Sn intermetallic compound 5a is formed between the electrode land 1a of the substrate 1 and the electrode portion 3a of the electronic component 3 to form a crack (formation and It was confirmed that it did not extend.
- FIG. 7A in Example 2, a closed structure by the Cu—Sn intermetallic compound 5a is formed between the electrode land 1a of the substrate 1 and the electrode portion 3a of the electronic component 3 to form a crack (formation and It was confirmed that it did not extend.
- FIG. 7A in Example 2, a closed structure by the Cu—Sn intermetallic compound 5a is formed between the electrode land 1a of the substrate 1 and the electrode portion 3a of the electronic component 3 to form a crack (formation and It was confirmed that it did not extend.
- FIG. 7A in Example 2, a closed structure by the
- Sn- (1.0 to 4.0) Ag- (4.0 to 6.0) In- (0.1 to 1.0) Bi may be Cu, Ni, Co, Fe or Sb was added.
- the additive elements are most preferably Co in consideration of the effects of the respective elements, and then the preference decreases in the order of Ni, Cu and Fe, and Sb (Cu and Fe are equivalent).
- the most preferred of Examples 1 to 32 is Example 24 (Sn-3.5Ag-0.5Bi-6.0In-0.1Co).
- solder material of the present invention If an electronic component assembly is manufactured using the solder material of the present invention, long-term repair and maintenance, such as applications exposed to severe temperature environments such as automobile engine rooms, applications of solar cells and satellites, etc. Even when used in places where it is difficult to achieve high thermal fatigue characteristics, it is possible to effectively reduce the occurrence of connection failure leading to product failure.
Abstract
Description
電子部品の銅を含む電極部を、基板の銅を含む電極ランドに、Agを1.0~4.0重量%、Inを4.0~6.0重量%、Biを0.1~1.0重量%、Cu、Ni、Co、FeおよびSbからなる群より選択される1種類以上の元素の合計を1重量%以下(但し0重量%を除く)、および残部のSnを含んで成るはんだ材料によって接合し、および
該はんだ材料を用いて形成された接合部において、電子部品の電極部と基板の電極ランドとの間がCu-Sn金属間化合物で少なくとも部分的に閉塞するまで、熱処理により、電子部品の電極部および基板の電極ランドの双方からCu-Sn金属間化合物を成長させる
ことを含んで成る、製造方法が提供される。
図1に示すように、本実施形態の電子部品接合体10は、電子部品3の銅を含む電極部3aが、基板1の銅を含む電極ランド1a(レジスト1bで覆われていない)に、はんだ材料を用いて形成された接合部(はんだ接合部)5によって接合されている。
次に、本発明のはんだ材料の組成について詳述する。上記の通り、Agを1.0~4.0重量%、Inを4.0~6.0重量%、Biを0.1~1.0重量%、Cu、Ni、Co、FeおよびSbからなる群より選択される1種類以上の元素の合計を1重量%以下(但し0重量%を除く)、および残部のSnを含んで成る、鉛フリーのはんだ材料を使用する。
Agは、Sn-Ag系はんだにおいて、βSn相の周りにAg3Sn化合物として晶出し、熱または機械的な外力によるはんだの変形を低減する役割を果たし得る。高い耐熱疲労特性を得るには、Agをある程度含有している必要があり、-40℃から150℃までの温度サイクル試験に合格するには、Ag含有量は1.0重量%以上であることが好ましい。
Inは、Sn-Ag-Bi-In系はんだにおいて、Ag-Sn化合物相またはβSn相へ溶け込むか、あるいはγSn(In)相として存在する。はんだ中でのγSn相の割合はIn含有量および温度によって変化する。特にSn-Ag-Bi-In系はんだの場合、熱を加えると、ある温度以上でβSn相がγSn相へと変化する変態挙動が発生し、はんだの自己変形が起こり、フィレットの形状が大きく崩れてしまう。従って、温度サイクル試験またはユーザーによる実使用の間に、変態挙動が発生する温度(変態温度)をまたがないことが好ましい。
基板1:高Tgタイプ高耐熱基板R-1755T、両面銅張、厚さ1.2mm(パナソニック電工株式会社製)
電極ランド1a:Cuランド、厚さ35μm、プリフラックス処理剤(タフエース、四国化成工業株式会社製)により表面処理を施したもの
レジスト1b:高耐熱レジスト(太陽インキ製造株式会社製)
電子部品3:チップコンデンサ 1005サイズ(TDK株式会社製 C1005)
電極部3a:Cu電極(TDK株式会社製 C1005)
実装方法:リフローはんだ付け(240℃)
BiをSn-Ag-In系はんだに添加すると、はんだ接合部のヤング率が上昇し、機械的強度が向上する。機械的強度の向上の効果が得られるには、Biをある程度含有している必要があり、Bi含有量は0.1重量%以上であることが好ましい。
以上のようなSn-(1.0~4.0)Ag-(4.0~6.0)In-(0.1~1.0)Biに、Cu、Ni、Co、FeおよびSbからなる群より選択される1種類以上の元素を添加すると、かかる添加元素が界面反応層に溶け込んで、Cu-Sn金属間化合物の形成および成長を促進することができる。
基板1:FR-4基板、両面銅張、厚さ1.2mm(パナソニック電工株式会社製)
電極ランド1a:Cuランド、厚さ35μm、プリフラックス処理剤(タフエース、四国化成工業株式会社製)により表面処理を施したもの
レジスト1b:高耐熱レジスト(太陽インキ製造株式会社製)
電子部品3:チップ部品 5750サイズ(日本ケミコン株式会社製 C5750)
電極部3a:Cu電極(日本ケミコン株式会社製 C5750)
実装方法:リフローはんだ付け(240℃)
添加元素はCoが最も好ましく、次いでNi、CuおよびFe、ならびにSbの順に好ましさが低下していく(CuおよびFeは同等である)。以下、Cu、Ni、Co、FeおよびSbの各元素について、その作用効果を述べる。
NiおよびCoは、いずれも、はんだの溶融性に影響を与えず、かつ、Cu-Sn金属間化合物中に均一に固溶し、Cu-Sn金属間化合物の成長を促進する(ひいては閉塞構造を形成する)ように作用する。
特にCoは、NiよりもSn中へ固溶し易いので、電子部品の接合部に供給すべきはんだ材料(より詳細にははんだ合金)を再現性よく調製できる(換言すれば、はんだ組成のバラツキが起こり難い)という利点がある。
また、Feは、Cu-Sn金属間化合物の成長を促進する(ひいては閉塞構造を形成する)作用効果に問題はないが、他の元素に比べて若干酸化し易い傾向にある。
次に、図1を参照して上述した電子部品接合体の製造方法について説明する。
基板1:高Tgタイプ高耐熱基板R-1755T、両面銅張、厚さ1.2mm(パナソニック電工株式会社製)
電極ランド1a:Cuランド、厚さ35μm、プリフラックス処理剤(タフエース、四国化成工業株式会社製)により表面処理を施したもの
レジスト1b:高耐熱レジスト(太陽インキ製造株式会社製)
電子部品3:チップコンデンサ 1005サイズ(TDK株式会社製 C1005)
電極部3a:Cu電極(TDK株式会社製 C1005)
実装方法:リフローはんだ付け(150℃から170℃までのプリヒートを約100秒間行った後、本加熱を240℃で3分間保持する)
1a 電極ランド
1b レジスト
3 電子部品
3a 電極部
5 接合部(またははんだ接合部)
5a Cu-Sn金属間化合物
5b はんだ母相
10 電子部品接合体
A 電子部品の電極部と基板の電極ランドとが互いに対向している間の部分
B フィレット部分
61 基板
61a 電極ランド
61b レジスト
63 電子部品
63a 電極部
65 接合部
65a Cu-Sn金属間化合物
65b はんだ母相
67 亀裂
70 電子部品接合体
Claims (4)
- Agを1.0~4.0重量%、Inを4.0~6.0重量%、Biを0.1~1.0重量%、Cu、Ni、Co、FeおよびSbからなる群より選択される1種類以上の元素の合計を1重量%以下(但し0重量%を除く)、および残部のSnを含んで成るはんだ材料。
- 電子部品の銅を含む電極部が、基板の銅を含む電極ランドに、はんだ材料を用いて形成された接合部によって接合されており、該はんだ材料は、Agを1.0~4.0重量%、Inを4.0~6.0重量%、Biを0.1~1.0重量%、Cu、Ni、Co、FeおよびSbからなる群より選択される1種類以上の元素の合計を1重量%以下(但し0重量%を除く)、および残部のSnを含んで成る、電子部品接合体。
- はんだ材料を用いて形成された接合部において、電子部品の電極部と基板の電極ランドとの間がCu-Sn金属間化合物で少なくとも部分的に閉塞されている、請求項2に記載の電子部品接合体。
- 電子部品の銅を含む電極部が、基板の銅を含む電極ランドに、はんだ材料を用いて形成された接合部によって接合された電子部品接合体の製造方法であって、
電子部品の銅を含む電極部を、基板の銅を含む電極ランドに、Agを1.0~4.0重量%、Inを4.0~6.0重量%、Biを0.1~1.0重量%、Cu、Ni、Co、FeおよびSbからなる群より選択される1種類以上の元素の合計を1重量%以下(但し0重量%を除く)、および残部のSnを含んで成るはんだ材料によって接合し、および
該はんだ材料を用いて形成された接合部において、電子部品の電極部と基板の電極ランドとの間がCu-Sn金属間化合物で少なくとも部分的に閉塞するまで、熱処理により、電子部品の電極部および基板の電極ランドの双方からCu-Sn金属間化合物を成長させる
ことを含んで成る、製造方法。
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US12/999,411 US8598464B2 (en) | 2009-04-20 | 2010-04-19 | Soldering material and electronic component assembly |
EP10766826.1A EP2422918B1 (en) | 2009-04-20 | 2010-04-19 | Soldering material and electronic component assembly |
JP2011510189A JP5280520B2 (ja) | 2009-04-20 | 2010-04-19 | はんだ材料および電子部品接合体 |
CN201080001875.3A CN102066044B (zh) | 2009-04-20 | 2010-04-19 | 焊锡材料及电子部件接合体 |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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JP5280520B2 (ja) | 2013-09-04 |
CN102066044A (zh) | 2011-05-18 |
CN103962744A (zh) | 2014-08-06 |
JPWO2010122764A1 (ja) | 2012-10-25 |
CN102066044B (zh) | 2014-05-21 |
US20110120769A1 (en) | 2011-05-26 |
EP2422918B1 (en) | 2017-12-06 |
CN103962744B (zh) | 2016-05-18 |
EP2422918A1 (en) | 2012-02-29 |
EP2422918A4 (en) | 2012-12-05 |
US8598464B2 (en) | 2013-12-03 |
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