Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
  • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
  • C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
  • C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
  • C21D8/04—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips to produce plates or strips for deep-drawing
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
  • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
  • C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
  • C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
  • C21D8/0221—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the working steps
  • C21D8/0226—Hot rolling
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
  • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
  • C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
  • C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
  • C21D8/0247—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the heat treatment
  • C21D8/0252—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the heat treatment with application of tension
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
  • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
  • C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
  • C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
  • C21D8/0247—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the heat treatment
  • C21D8/0263—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the heat treatment following hot rolling
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
  • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
  • C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
  • C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
  • C21D8/04—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips to produce plates or strips for deep-drawing
  • C21D8/0421—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips to produce plates or strips for deep-drawing characterised by the working steps
  • C21D8/0426—Hot rolling
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
  • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
  • C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
  • C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
  • C21D8/04—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips to produce plates or strips for deep-drawing
  • C21D8/0447—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips to produce plates or strips for deep-drawing characterised by the heat treatment
  • C21D8/0452—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips to produce plates or strips for deep-drawing characterised by the heat treatment with application of tension
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
  • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
  • C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
  • C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
  • C21D8/04—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips to produce plates or strips for deep-drawing
  • C21D8/0447—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips to produce plates or strips for deep-drawing characterised by the heat treatment
  • C21D8/0463—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips to produce plates or strips for deep-drawing characterised by the heat treatment following hot rolling
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
  • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
  • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
  • C21D9/46—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for sheet metals
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
  • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
  • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
  • C21D9/46—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for sheet metals
  • C21D9/48—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for sheet metals deep-drawing sheets
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
  • B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
  • B21B1/00—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations
  • B21B1/22—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling plates, strips, bands or sheets of indefinite length
  • B21B1/24—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling plates, strips, bands or sheets of indefinite length in a continuous or semi-continuous process
  • B21B1/26—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling plates, strips, bands or sheets of indefinite length in a continuous or semi-continuous process by hot-rolling, e.g. Steckel hot mill

Definitions

• the invention relates to a method for hot rolling and for heat treating a strip of steel.
• Hardening and subsequent tempering of steel components is common practice. This ensures that a desired combination of strength and toughness of the material can be adjusted specifically.
• This technology is also used in principle in the production of higher-strength steel sheets in sheet metal plants. It is described in EP 1 764423 A1.
• the sheet is cooled at high speed, for example, to room temperature, d. H. the hardening process is carried out. This is followed by the start-up process, d. H. the reheating of the strip to, for example, 600 ° C, followed by another cooling. In this way, sheets with different properties can be produced flexibly in small batches in a sheet metal frame.
• the present invention is therefore based on the object to provide a method by which a more economical production of high and very high-strength tapes with sufficient toughness in a belt system is possible.
• the coil is in a preferred embodiment of the invention in the implementation of step d) at a Aufhaspelstation, wherein the coil is in the implementation of step e) preferably at a spatially remote from the coiling station Abhaspelstation and wherein the coil between step d) and e) heat-insulated from the coiling station is possibly transported via a heat-insulating coil storage to Abhaspelstation.
• Step e) can be immediately followed by step d).
• the belt may be subjected to a straightening process during cooling or after cooling after step c) and / or step g). It can also be subjected to a straightening process between the uncoiling after step e) and the heating after step f). It may also be subjected to a straightening process between the heating after step f) and the removal after step h).
• the straightening process mentioned can be done by deflecting the belt around ground, deflection, driving or other roles.
• the straightening process is generally carried out with a roller straightening machine or employed band deflection rollers or, according to a special embodiment of the invention, on a so-called skin-pass framework.
• the tape may also be subjected to a straightening process during the heating of the above step f).
• the cooling of the belt after step c) may comprise laminar cooling and subsequent intensive cooling. Cooling the tape after step g) may also include laminar cooling or, alternatively or additively, air cooling.
• At least parts of the cooling device can be designed as zone cooling, which act zone-wise over the bandwidth.
• the cooling of the belt can also be done with a high-pressure beam, whereby a simultaneous cleaning or descaling of the belt is possible.
• the heating of the strip according to step f) may comprise inductive heating.
• a direct flame impingement of the strip can take place.
• the direct application of flame to the strip takes place by means of a gas jet with at least 75% oxygen, preferably with almost pure oxygen, into which a gaseous or liquid fuel is mixed.
• a further development provides that the inductive heating of the strip takes place under inert gas (protective gas).
• the removal of the tape after step h) may comprise a winding of the tape.
• the removal of the tape after step h) may also include a pushing off of plate-like cut parts of the tape.
• the strip preferably has a temperature of at least 750 ° C. before cooling after step c).
• the strip has, after cooling according to step c) and prior to coiling according to step d) a temperature of at least 25 0 C and at most 400 ° C, preferably between 100 0 C and 300 0 C. Furthermore, a further development provides that after heating after step f) the strip has a temperature of at least 400 ° C., preferably between 400 ° C. and 700 ° C. However, the strip may preferably have a temperature of at most 200 ° C., preferably between 25 ° C. and 200 ° C., after cooling after step g) and before removal after step h).
• the heating of the tape can be done differently over the bandwidth.
• steps e) to g) are carried out in reversing operation, for which purpose a coiling station located behind the cooling after step g) is used.
• planarity of the strip and / or the temperature of the strip is measured at at least two locations of the strip treatment plant for monitoring the quality of the strip.
• the throughput speed of the belt through the belt treatment plant, in particular zone-related belt heating, the adjustment of the straightening rollers and / or the particular zone-related belt cooling can be controlled or regulated by a process model.
• the strip when passing through the strip treatment plant, the strip can be held at least in sections by means of drivers under a defined strip tension. This is especially true in the area of the intensive cooling section.
• a band side guide is preferably arranged in front of it.
• step e wherein the strip has a temperature above ambient temperature prior to heating in step e).
• the method steps a) to d) can also be used on their own.
• the band can be guided by means of a sof ⁇ hrung transverse to its longitudinal axis.
• the lateral guidance can preferably take place in the region of the cooling of the belt, in particular in the area of the laminar cooling of the belt.
• the side guide of the tape can also be done in front of the driver and open after passing the tape head and close again at the end of the tape for the purpose of leadership task.
• a measurement of the strip temperature can be carried out by means of a low-temperature radiation pyrometer.
• the measurement of the strip temperature can preferably take place before, inside and / or behind temperature-changing cooling and / or heating devices.
• the process presented can set properties for which higher alloy contents are necessary in conventional production.
• Coils or plates may also be cut, depending on the purpose of the tape or the windability. The cutting of the plates is preferably carried out at a higher temperature, d. H. especially at tempering temperature.
• FIG. 1 shows schematically a hot strip mill for the production of a steel strip according to a first embodiment of the invention
• FIG. 2 an alternative to FIG. 1 embodiment of the hot strip mill
• Fig. 5 as a section of the hot strip mill of FIG. 1 or 2, the basic structure of a straightening machine with integrated heating and
• FIG. 6 schematically shows a hot strip mill with an alternative embodiment of a first method step.
• a hot strip mill in which a band 1 first in a first process stage (indicated by I.) And anschnetend in a second process stage (indicated by II.) Is processed.
• a slab is first rolled in a multi-stand rolling mill. Shown are from the Walzée only the last three finishing stands 7, which have rolled the band 6 with an intermediate thickness. Following this, the temperature distribution in the strip or the flatness can be measured. Subsequently, the belt 1 passes in the conveying direction F in a belt cooling 8, which is here from an intensive laminar belt cooling 9 with so-called. Edge masking and a laminar belt cooling 10 divided. The conveying speed is for example 6 m / s. Subsequently, the cooled strip 1 passes into an intensive cooling 11, in which according to a preferred embodiment of the invention, a straightening machine and driver are integrated (details in Fig. 4). It can be provided before and behind the intensive cooling 11 drivers.
• a measurement of the temperature distribution and the flatness of the strip can again follow.
• a low-temperature radiation pyrometer is used at these low temperatures.
• a temperature measurement is conceivable between two pinch rolls or driver rolls for the purpose of temperature / coolant control.
• the coil 2 is first unwound in a unwinding station 4 and then fed to a straightening machine 14 (this can be arranged in front of and / or behind the adjoining oven). After temperature compensation has taken place over the length and width of the strip in a zone 15, the strip 1 enters an oven 16. It is possible and advantageous to integrate a straightening machine into the oven 16 analogously to the cooling (details in this regard in FIG. 5) ).
• the belt 1 can be heated in continuous or reverse operation. Preferably comes an oxyfuel furnace or an induction furnace is used, the heating time is between 10 and 600 seconds.
• the strip 1 enters a laminar belt cooling or, alternatively, an air cooling system 19. This can be followed by a straightening machine 20.
• a Plattenabschiebeech 21 and a reel 22 in a Aufhaspelstation 5 is then further indicated.
• a skin-pass scaffold can also be arranged here.
• Coils from other hot strip mills can also be introduced at the location of the unwinding station 4.
• Fig. 2 can be seen (the system is not shown fully equipped).
• the last stands of a hot strip mill (finishing line 7), the belt cooling 8 and the reels 12 and 13 of the 1st process stage are shown here.
• the last reel 23 is provided for winding the higher strength belts. This may advantageously be a special reel for easy winding of high-strength steels.
• the reel 23 is in this case a so-called Ü bergabehaspel.
• the coil does not need to be bound there. Pivoting pinch rollers hold the tape under tension as it is rotated to the unwind position. Immediately after winding, therefore, the further processing takes place in the starting line (2nd process stage).
• the further transport takes place analogously as in the solution according to FIG. 1.
• the band 1 before heating in the oven 16 already has a temperature above the ambient temperature T 0 .
• a direct further transport of the band 1 from the first stage to the second stage without intermediate reels of the band 1 and / or subsequent reversing of the reel 22 on the reel 23 is provided.
• the reel 23 is not used, but performed directly after the end of the tape end of the rolling mill with low or high and then low speed, the annealing process.
• this procedure can be applied to tapes regardless of thickness and speed. Then reel 23 is initially not used and the oven is out of service. The tape is wound on reel 22. The annealing process is then performed reversing between reel 22 and 23.
• a preferred temperature profile for the strip 1 along the strip line is reproduced corresponding to FIG. 2 in FIG. 3.
• the cooling to the end of the line is preferably a water or air cooling.
• a cooling can also be done with a high pressure bar. This is carried out at the same time a cleaning or descaling of the strip surface.
• the production volume of the rolling mill is generally higher than during the tempering process, since the rolling speed of the strip is greater than the starting speed. It is therefore also a so-called.
• Mixed Rolling rolling operation possible to optimally utilize the rolling mill. This means that a number of ribbons are wound on reels 12 and 13 while the further processing of the higher strength ribbon occurs in the tempering line.
• the production of the strip is thus essentially divided into two process stages, which are given below by way of example with further optional steps:
• strip edge heaters in front of a conventional finishing line, edge masking in the first cooling line units, and a straightening machine are advantageous.
• the bands can be cut into sheets in front of the oven, behind the oven and / or immediately before the sheet removal unit.
• the cutting of panels is particularly advantageous in difficult to be wound tapes. Cutting at tempering temperature is advantageous because the strip has a lower strength there.
• a flame cutting machine For thicker strips and / or high strength steels that can no longer be cut, a flame cutting machine, a laser cutting machine or a thermal cutting machine is provided for cutting.
• the scaling properties are also favorable or the growth of scale is very low (operate with low air).
• the high flow rate of the gases even has a cleaning effect on the strip surface. With regard to strip surface quality, this type of heating is particularly advantageous. With this method similar high heat densities can be achieved with good efficiency, as in inductive heating.
• the straightening machine and the belt cooling can also be accommodated in a combined unit.
• the straightening rollers are then used simultaneously as water squeezing rollers and thus ensure as uniform a cooling effect as possible over the width of the belt, because possible transverse strains and unevenness are eliminated directly during formation.
• the adjustment of the straightening rollers is done individually depending on the belt temperature and the material quality with the support of a straightening machine model, so that overstretching of the belt surface can be avoided.
• Drivers in front of and behind the cooling drafting unit ensure that the strip pulls as long as possible, even if the scaffolding or reel puller is not set up.
• Part of the strip cooling may be in the form of a strip zone cooling in order to be able to actively influence the temperature distribution.
• the cooling-straightening unit is indicated in FIGS. 1 and 2. Details on this are shown in FIG. 4. In this figure, any possible combinations for straightening, cooling and squeezing can be seen.
• the cooling-straightening unit can be raised and pivoted, especially in the case of thinner tape, which is also indicated in FIG. 4 (see double arrow).
• the straightening rollers are individually adjustable.
• a temperature scanner for the band can be provided.
• a tape head shape detector for detecting a ski or waves
• a tape head shape detector for detecting a ski or waves
• drivers 24, a pure cooling units 25, straightening rollers 26 and combined pinch rollers / drivers 27 can also be seen in detail.
• nozzles of intensive cooling 28 can be seen.
• the directing amount is set individually depending on the material of the tape and the temperature.
• the straightening and cooling unit can be lifted and swiveled.
• the direction and heating process 14, 16 of the second process stage can also be combined with the system shown.
• the indicative amount can be adjusted to the existing strip temperature and the strip material.
• the effect of the skin effect (higher surface temperature) of the induction heating (or a direct application of flame in the DFI oxyfuel process) has a positive effect.
• the straightening rollers keep the belt in position and avoid unevenness, so that the most efficient (inductive) heating in the long filet part of the belt is possible.
• Driver 29 in front and behind the heating-straightening unit keep the tape under tension 30.
• the induction coils 32 and Rieht- and transfer rollers 31 are designed to be vertically adjustable.
• the use of the cooling / straightening unit (FIG. 4) or the heating / straightening unit (FIG. 5) is not limited to a belt installation, but can also be provided in the case of a heavy plate installation. Before and / or behind the joint arrangement of straightening machine and heating, which can be seen in FIG. 5, a temperature scanner for the band can be provided.
• the strip temperature can be equalized over the length and width of the strip by controlled cooling (zone cooling) or heating to warm or cold strip abrasion.
• controlled cooling zone cooling
• heating to warm or cold strip abrasion.
• the passage of the coils can be shortened by the Coillager.
• a coil tracking system (model) and the measured temperature distributions during unwinding of the coil are used to optimally control the heating or cooling units.
• job-welded high-wear roller materials are used to ensure a long service life and good strip quality.
• Temperature scanners and flatness measuring devices within the line indirectly monitor the quality of the strip and serve as a signal for actuators and control elements, such.
• the heating power, the straightening roller adjustment and the cooling which are controlled by a process model.
• FIG. 6 shows the rear part of the finishing train 7, laminar belt cooling units 9, 10 and an intensive cooling 11 and the coiling stations 3.
• the intensive cooling 11 and a belt straightening unit 36.1, 36.2 are arranged at different locations. Before and behind the intensive cooling 11 drivers 34 and 35 are positioned. This makes it possible to maintain a strip tension within the intensive cooling 11 almost for the entire strip length, without the strip being clamped in the frame or coiler. This will be pulled out possibly occurring tape shafts, thus achieving the most uniform cooling effect.
• a band side guide 33.1 is arranged in front of it in a particularly advantageous manner. After the tape head has passed the driver 33.1 and the intensive cooling 11, the side guide 33.1 is opened again, so that the water flow in the laminar belt cooling 10 is not hindered. The leadership task then takes over the leadership of the rest of the band 33.2. Analogously, the guide 33.1 is briefly made again for the end of the tape after the end has left the finishing line to counteract a running of the tape end. Therefore, in order to minimize the cooling path length, the side guide 33. 1 is preferably arranged within the laminar belt cooling unit 10.
• the straightening rollers 36.1, 36.2 before each Aufhaspelstationen 3 are immersed in the band level after construction of the strip tension and ensure by wrapping the bottom, deflection or drive rollers for a band straightening effect.
• a similar procedure is practiced when 11 deflection rollers 26 (see Fig. 4) are arranged within the intensive cooling section.

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Thermal Sciences (AREA)
• Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
• Materials Engineering (AREA)
• Metallurgy (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Heat Treatment Of Strip Materials And Filament Materials (AREA)
• Metal Rolling (AREA)
• Winding, Rewinding, Material Storage Devices (AREA)

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• 2008
  • 2008-02-20 DE DE102008010062A patent/DE102008010062A1/de not_active Withdrawn
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