WO2004066420A1 - 電極および電池 - Google Patents
電極および電池 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2004066420A1 WO2004066420A1 PCT/JP2004/000486 JP2004000486W WO2004066420A1 WO 2004066420 A1 WO2004066420 A1 WO 2004066420A1 JP 2004000486 W JP2004000486 W JP 2004000486W WO 2004066420 A1 WO2004066420 A1 WO 2004066420A1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/62—Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a battery provided with an electrolytic solution together with a positive electrode and a negative electrode, and particularly to a battery using lithium (L i) or the like as an electrode reactive species, and an electrode used therefor.
- a discharge capacity of about 60% is expected to be maintained even after charging and discharging are repeated for about 50,000 cycles. Since it gradually reacts and decomposes, the discharge capacity is about 60% in about 300 cycles, and it is difficult to achieve it. Therefore, it has been widely practiced to add various additives to the electrolyte to form a film on the surface of the electrode (for example, see Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2001-307773).
- the present invention has been made in view of such a problem, and an object of the present invention is to provide an electrode and a battery capable of improving battery characteristics by forming an effective film.
- the electrode according to the present invention has on its surface a coating containing at least one compound selected from the group consisting of siloxane, perfluoropolyether, perfluoroalkane and derivatives thereof.
- a first battery according to the present invention comprises a positive electrode and a negative electrode together with an electrolytic solution. At least one of the positive electrode and the negative electrode has siloxane, perfluoropolyether, perfluoroalkane, and a It has a coating containing at least one compound from the group consisting of derivatives.
- a second battery according to the present invention includes a positive electrode and a negative electrode together with an electrolytic solution. At least one of the positive electrode and the negative electrode has a surface tension smaller than that of the electrolytic solution and is insoluble in the electrolytic solution. It has a coating containing a compound.
- an effective coating can be formed without using a large amount of the compound forming the coating.
- FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a configuration of a secondary battery according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a characteristic diagram showing cycle characteristics of the secondary batteries according to Examples 11 to 11 of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 shows Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a characteristic diagram showing cycle characteristics of the secondary batteries according to Nos. 2 to 4; BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
- FIG. 1 shows a cross-sectional structure of a secondary battery according to one embodiment of the present invention.
- This secondary battery is a so-called cylindrical type.
- a band-shaped positive electrode 21 and a negative electrode 22 are wound around a separator 23 inside a substantially hollow cylindrical battery can 11.
- Wound electrode body 20 The battery can 11 is made of, for example, nickel (Ni) It is made of attached iron (F e), one end is closed and the other end is open.
- An electrolyte which is a liquid electrolyte, is injected into the battery can 11 and impregnated in the separator 23.
- a pair of insulating plates 12 and 13 are arranged perpendicularly to the wound peripheral surface so as to sandwich the wound electrode body 20.
- a battery ⁇ 14 At the open end of the battery can 11, there are a battery ⁇ 14, a safety valve mechanism 15 provided inside the battery lid 14, and a positive temperature sensitive element (PTC element) 1. 6 are attached by caulking through a gasket 17, and the inside of the battery can 11 is sealed.
- the battery cover 14 is made of, for example, the same material as the battery can 11.
- the safety valve mechanism 15 is electrically connected to the battery lid 14 via the thermal resistance element 16, and when the internal pressure of the battery exceeds a certain level due to an internal short circuit or external heating, the disk 15 A is inverted so that the electrical connection between the battery cover 14 and the wound electrode body 20 is cut off.
- the heat-sensitive resistor 16 limits the current by increasing the resistance value when the temperature rises, and prevents abnormal heat generation due to a large current.
- the heat-sensitive resistor 16 is made of barium titanate-based semiconductor ceramics.
- the gasket 17 is made of, for example, an insulating material, and its surface is coated with asphalt.
- the wound electrode body 20 is wound around, for example, a center pin 24.
- the positive electrode 21 of the wound electrode body 20 is connected to a positive electrode lead 25 made of aluminum (A 1) or the like, and the negative electrode 22 is connected to a negative electrode lead 26 made of nickel or the like.
- the positive electrode lead 25 is electrically connected to the battery cover 14 by welding to the safety valve mechanism 15, and the negative electrode lead 26 is welded and electrically connected to the battery can 11.
- the positive electrode 21 has a structure in which a positive electrode mixture layer is provided on both surfaces or one surface of a positive electrode current collector having a pair of opposing surfaces.
- the positive electrode current collector is made of, for example, a metal foil such as an aluminum foil, a nickel foil, or a stainless steel foil.
- the positive electrode mixture layer is made of, for example, any one of a positive electrode material capable of inserting and extracting lithium, which is a light metal, as a positive electrode active material (hereinafter, referred to as a positive electrode material capable of inserting and extracting lithium). Contains two or more types, and contains conductive agents such as carbon materials and binders such as polyvinylidene fluoride as necessary. You may.
- a lithium-containing compound such as lithium oxide, lithium sulfide, or an intercalation compound containing lithium is appropriate, and a mixture of two or more of these is used. Is also good.
- a lithium composite oxide represented by the general formula Li x M 2 or an intercalation compound containing lithium is preferable.
- M preferably contains one or more transition metals, specifically, cobalt (Co), nickel, manganese (Mn), iron, aluminum, vanadium (V), and titanium (Ti).
- X differs depending on the charge / discharge state of the battery, and is usually a value in the range of 0.05 ⁇ x ⁇ l.10.
- Specific examples of the lithium composite oxides lithium cobalt oxide (L i C o 0 2) , nickel acid lithium ⁇ beam (L i N i 0 2) , or manganese spinel (L i ⁇ ⁇ 2 ⁇ 4 ).
- Examples of the positive electrode material capable of inserting and extracting lithium include other metal compounds or polymer materials.
- Examples of other metal compounds include oxides such as titanium oxide, vanadium oxide and manganese dioxide, and disulfides such as titanium sulfide and molybdenum sulfide.
- Examples of the polymer material include polyaniline and polythiophene And the like.
- the negative electrode 22 has, for example, a structure in which a negative electrode mixture layer is provided on both surfaces or one surface of a negative electrode current collector having a pair of opposing surfaces, similarly to the positive electrode 21.
- the negative electrode current collector is made of, for example, a metal foil such as a copper foil, a nickel foil, or a stainless steel foil.
- the negative electrode mixture layer includes, for example, one or more negative electrode materials capable of inserting and extracting lithium (hereinafter, referred to as negative electrode materials capable of inserting and extracting lithium) as the negative electrode active material. It may contain the same binder as that of the positive electrode 21 as necessary.
- the anode material capable of inserting and extracting lithium include carbon materials, metal oxides, and polymer materials.
- Non-graphitizable carbon material Examples include synthetic carbon, artificial graphite, cokes, graphite, glassy carbons, fired organic polymer compounds, carbon fibers, activated carbon, and power pump racks. Among them, cokes include pitch coke, needle coke, and petroleum coke.
- An organic polymer compound fired body is obtained by firing a polymer material such as phenols or furans at an appropriate temperature.
- a polymer material such as phenols or furans
- the metal oxide include iron oxide, ruthenium oxide, molybdenum oxide and tin oxide
- examples of the polymer material include polyacetylene and polypropylene.
- anode material capable of inserting and extracting lithium examples include a simple substance, an alloy, and a compound of a metal element or a metalloid element capable of forming an alloy with lithium.
- alloys include those composed of one or more metal elements and one or more metalloid elements, in addition to those composed of two or more metal elements.
- the structure may be a solid solution, a eutectic (eutectic), an intermetallic compound, or a structure in which two or more of them coexist.
- metal elements or metalloid elements capable of forming an alloy with lithium include magnesium (Mg), boron (B), arsenic (As), aluminum, gallium (G a), indium (In), and gay element ( S i), germanium (G e), tin (S ⁇ ), lead (P b), antimony (S b), bismuth (B i), cadmium (Cd), silver (Ag), zinc ( ⁇ ⁇ ), Examples include hafnium (Hf), zirconium (Zr), yttrium (Y), palladium (Pd) or platinum (Pt).
- These alloys or compounds for example, those represented by the chemical formula Ma s Mb t L i u or a chemical formula M a p Mc q Md r, .
- Ma represents at least one of a metal element and a metalloid element capable of forming an alloy with lithium
- Mb represents at least one of a metal element and a metalloid element other than lithium and Ma.
- Mc represents at least one kind of non-metallic element
- Md represents at least one kind of metal element other than Ma and metalloid element.
- the values of s, t, u, p, q, and r are s> 0, t ⁇ 0, u ⁇ 0, p> 0, q> 0, r ⁇ 0, respectively.
- Alloys or compounds are preferred, and particularly preferred are silicon or tin, or alloys or compounds thereof. These may be crystalline or amorphous.
- Separation 23 separates the positive electrode 21 and the negative electrode 22 to prevent lithium current from flowing through the electrodes while preventing a current short circuit due to contact between the two electrodes.
- the separator 23 is made of, for example, a porous film made of a synthetic resin such as polytetrafluoroethylene, polypropylene, or polyethylene, or a porous film made of a ceramic. A structure in which films are stacked may be employed.
- the electrolytic solution impregnated in the separator 23 includes a solvent and a lithium salt as an electrolyte salt dissolved in the solvent.
- Examples of the solvent include ethylene carbonate shown in Chemical Formula 1, propylene carbonate shown in Chemical Formula 2, dimethyl carbonate, ethyl carbonate, ethyl methyl carbonate, butylene carbonate shown in Chemical Formula 3, fluoroethylene carbonate shown in Chemical Formula 4, and Chemical Formula 5 shown below.
- Carbonic acid esters such as trifluoropropylene carbonate or methyl formate, ethyl formate, methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, methyl propionate, ethyl propionate, methyl butyrate, ethyl butyrate, methyl isobutylate, or ethyl isobutyrate, etc.
- a cyclic carboxylic acid ester such as carboxylactone shown in Chemical Formula 6 or valerolactone shown in Chemical Formula 7 can be used.
- a cyclic ether such as tetrahydropyran or 1,3-dioxane can be used because it has a higher viscosity than a chain carboxylate.
- amide compounds such as N, N'-dimethylformamide, N-methylpyrrolidone shown in Chemical Formula 8, N-methyloxazolidinone shown in Chemical Formula 9, or sulfur such as sulfolane shown in Chemical Formula 10 Compound
- a room temperature molten salt such as 1-ethyl-3-fluoroimidazolidium tetrafluoroborate shown in Chemical Formula 11 can be used.
- a carbonate as the main solvent. This is because carbonate is stable against oxidation and reduction and can obtain a high voltage.
- Carboxylic acid esters are also preferable because they have low melting points and low viscosities, so that low-temperature characteristics can be improved, and electrical conductivity is high and load characteristics can be improved.
- the carboxylate ester is preferably used in combination with the carbonate ester since the carboxylate ester has a low reduction resistance and may decompose at the negative electrode 22 to deteriorate the cycle characteristics.
- lithium salts include lithium hexafluorophosphate (L i PF 6 ), lithium tetrafluoroborate (L i BF 4 ), lithium perchlorate (L i C 1 O 4 ), lithium hexafluorophosphate ( L i a s F 6), triflumizole Ruo b methanesulfonyl lithium acid (CF 3 S_ ⁇ 3 L 1), formula 1 2-bis [Torifuruoro methanesulfonyl] shown in imide ((CF 3 S 0 2) 2 NL i ), tris (tri full O b methanesulfonyl) methyl lithium ((CF 3 S_ ⁇ 2) 3 CL i) there had bis [pen evening full O b ethanesulfonyl] Imi Dorichiumu ((C 2 F 5 S_ ⁇ 2) 2 NL i) and the like, and one or more of these may be used in combination.
- the gel electrolyte is obtained by holding an electrolyte solution in a holding body.
- the support is made of, for example, a polymer compound or an inorganic compound.
- the high molecular compound include ether high molecular compounds such as crosslinked products containing polyethylene oxide or polyethylene oxide, ester high molecular compounds such as polymethacrylate, acrylate high molecular compounds, and polyvinylidene fluoride or fluorine. Fluorinated polymer compounds such as a copolymer of pinylidene fluoride and hexafluoropropylene, and any one or a mixture of two or more thereof may be used.
- the positive electrode 21 and the negative electrode 22 has a film containing a compound having a surface tension smaller than that of the electrolytic solution and containing a compound insoluble in the electrolytic solution. These compounds form a thin film on the surface of the electrode and spread Therefore, even a small amount can widely cover the surface of the electrode. Therefore, in this secondary battery, a film effective for suppressing the decomposition reaction of the electrolytic solution is formed without using a large amount of the compound forming the film.
- the coating may include one kind of the above compound, or may include a plurality of kinds.
- the above-mentioned electrolytic solution is used as the compound having a lower surface tension than the electrolytic solution and being insoluble in the electrolytic solution, for example, siloxane, perfluoropolyether, perfluoroalkane (saturated fluorocarbon), or Derivatives of Above all, those which are liquid at room temperature are preferred, and those which are solid alone and are liquid in the form of a mixture of two or more are also preferred.
- siloxane specifically, a compound having a structural portion represented by Chemical Formula 13 can be given.
- R 1 and R 2 do not necessarily need to be of one type, and may include two or more types. Further, R 1 and R 2 may be the same or different.
- m and n are each an arbitrary integer.
- Specific examples of such siloxane include poly (dimethylsiloxane), poly (methylhydrosiloxane) and poly (methylphenylsiloxane), which are very inexpensive and economical.
- poly (dimethylsiloxane) and poly (methylphenylsiloxane) in particular have a material cost of about 1 yen per 10,000 batteries, and can be almost neglected in battery manufacturing costs. It is more preferable.
- the pearl fluoropolyether include compounds having a structural unit represented by Chemical Formula 14.
- R 3 for example, a fluorine group (-F), a perfluoroalkyl group (C IntelF 2m ⁇ 1 ), perfluoroalkyl ether group (- ⁇ C n F 2n + 1 ), perfluoro alcohol group (1 C m F 2B OH), perfluoro carboxylic acid group (1 C m F 2m C ⁇ OH) or a perfluorocarboxylic acid ester group (one C n F 2ll COOCm ⁇ 2 ⁇ + 1 ), and Q> p.
- p 0.
- R3 does not necessarily have to be one type, but may include two or more types.
- m, p and q are arbitrary integers. Specific examples of such perfluoropolyether include poly (tetrafluoroethylene oxide) and poly (hexafluoropropylene oxide).
- perfluoroalkanes examples include those represented by the following chemical formula 15.
- the structure may be linear or branched.
- a represents an arbitrary integer.
- Such path one Furuoroarukan is preferably one having a boiling point of not lower than room temperature A ⁇ 5, for example, Pafuruoropen evening decane (C, 5 F 32).
- the content of the compound having a lower surface tension than the electrolytic solution and being insoluble in the electrolytic solution is in a range of 100 to 1,000 ppm by mass relative to the electrolytic solution. This is because if it is within this range, the decomposition reaction of the electrolytic solution can be suppressed without increasing the thickness of the coating more than necessary.
- This secondary battery can be manufactured, for example, as follows.
- a positive electrode mixture is prepared by mixing a positive electrode active material, a conductive agent, and a binder, and this positive electrode mixture is dispersed in a solvent such as N-methylpyrrolidone to prepare a positive electrode mixture coating liquid.
- the positive electrode mixture coating liquid is applied to a positive electrode current collector, dried, and then compression-molded to form a positive electrode mixture layer, thereby producing a positive electrode 21.
- a negative electrode mixture is prepared by mixing a negative electrode active material and a binder, and this negative electrode mixture is dispersed in a solvent such as N-methylpyrrolidone to prepare a negative electrode mixture coating liquid.
- the negative electrode mixture coating liquid is applied to a negative electrode current collector, dried, and then compression-molded to form a negative electrode mixture layer, thereby producing a negative electrode 22.
- the positive electrode lead 25 is attached to the positive electrode current collector by welding or the like, and the negative electrode lead 26 is attached to the negative electrode current collector by welding or the like.
- the positive electrode 21 and the negative electrode 22 are wound through a separator 23, and the tip of the positive electrode lead 25 is connected to a safety valve.
- the tip of the negative electrode lead 26 is welded to the battery can 11, and the wound positive electrode 21 and negative electrode 22 are sandwiched between a pair of insulating plates 12, 13 to form the battery can 1.
- a suspension is prepared by dispersing a compound having a lower surface tension than the electrolyte and being insoluble in the electrolyte, and the suspension is poured into the battery can 11.
- the compound spreads on at least one surface of the positive electrode 21 and the negative electrode 22 to form a thin film.
- the battery cover 14, the safety valve mechanism 15, and the thermal resistance element 16 are fixed to the open end of the battery can 11 by caulking through the gasket 17.
- the secondary battery shown in FIG. 1 is completed.
- lithium ions when charged, for example, lithium ions are released from the positive electrode 21 and occluded in the negative electrode 22 via the electrolyte.
- discharging for example, lithium ions are released from the negative electrode 22 and occluded in the positive electrode 21 via the electrolyte. At this time, the decomposition reaction of the electrolytic solution is suppressed by the coating.
- At least one of the positive electrode 21 and the negative electrode 22 has a surface tension smaller than that of the electrolytic solution and is insoluble in the electrolytic solution, for example, siloxane, perfluorinated compound.
- the coating containing at least one compound selected from the group consisting of perfluoropolyethers, perfluoroalkanes and their derivatives is provided.
- the decomposition reaction of the electrolytic solution can be effectively suppressed. Therefore, battery characteristics such as cycle characteristics can be improved while suppressing the adverse effects and manufacturing costs due to the formation of the coating. Therefore, the life until battery replacement can be extended, and if the battery is replaced at the same frequency as before, the battery can be used with a larger discharge capacity.
- the content of the compound having a lower surface tension than the electrolyte and being insoluble in the electrolyte is set to be in a range of 100 ppm or more and 100 ppm or less by mass ratio to the electrolyte. Higher effects can be obtained.
- the battery can be manufactured with less manufacturing cost.
- the characteristics can be improved.
- a so-called lithium ion secondary battery using a negative electrode material capable of inserting and extracting lithium as a negative electrode active material has been described as an example.
- the same effect can be obtained by having. That is, battery characteristics such as cycle characteristics can be improved.
- a so-called lithium secondary battery using lithium metal as a negative electrode active material may be mentioned.
- the lithium secondary battery has a configuration similar to that of the above-described secondary battery except that the negative electrode is made of, for example, lithium metal, and can be manufactured in a similar manner.
- the positive electrode active material in which lithium cobaltate (L i C O_ ⁇ 2) 6 4 and graphite 3 parts by weight of the mass portion and the conductive agent, and uniformly 3 parts by weight of polyvinylidene fluoride as a binder
- N-methylpyrrolidone was added to the mixture to obtain a positive electrode mixture coating solution.
- the obtained positive electrode mixture coating liquid was uniformly applied to a positive electrode current collector made of aluminum foil having a width of 56 mm, a length of 550 mm, and a thickness of 20 jam, followed by drying.
- a positive electrode mixture layer of 0 im was formed on both surfaces of the positive electrode current collector, and a positive electrode 21 was produced.
- an aluminum positive electrode lead 25 was attached to one end of the positive electrode current collector.
- N-methylpyrrolidone was added to the mixture to obtain a negative electrode mixture coating liquid.
- the obtained negative electrode mixture coating liquid was uniformly applied to a negative electrode current collector made of a copper foil having a width of 58 mm, a length of 600 mm, and a thickness of 15 im, and dried to obtain a thickness of 70 mm. Im negative electrode mixture layers were formed on both surfaces of the negative electrode current collector, and negative electrode 22 was produced. Thereafter, a negative electrode lead 26 made of nickel was attached to one end of the negative electrode current collector.
- the positive electrode 21 and the negative electrode 22 are laminated via a separator 23 made of a microporous polypropylene film having a thickness of 25 m, and then wound up by a winder to form a wound electrode body 20.
- the wound electrode body 20 was formed and housed in a battery can 11 made of stainless steel having a diameter of 18 mm and a length of 65 mm. The capacity of this battery is 2000 mAh.
- ethylene carbonate, propylene carbonate, dimethyl carbonate and hexafluorolin Lithium oxide is mixed at a mass ratio of 20: 10: 50: 20 to an electrolyte with a surface tension of about 70 mN / m (dyn / cm) to 80 mNZm, and a kinematic viscosity insoluble in this electrolyte of 10 Omm 2
- a suspension was prepared by dispersing ZS (cSt) and poly (dimethylsiloxane) having a surface tension of about 20 mNZm, and 4.5 g of the suspension was injected into the battery can 11.
- the content of poly (dimethylsiloxane) with respect to the electrolyte was 100 ppm by mass in Examples 1-11, 500 ppm by Example 1-2, and 1 OOO ppm by Example 1-3. did.
- the battery cover 14 was swaged to the battery can 11 via the gasket 17 to obtain the cylindrical secondary batteries shown in FIG. 1 for Examples 1-1 to 1-3.
- the obtained secondary batteries of Examples 11 to 11 were disassembled and observed. As a result, it was confirmed that a film containing poly (dimethylsiloxane) was formed on the surfaces of the positive electrode 21 and the negative electrode 22.
- Fig. 2 shows the results.
- the horizontal axis shows the number of cycles (times), and the vertical axis shows the discharge capacity retention rate (%).
- Charging was performed at a constant current of 2 A until the battery voltage reached 4.2 V, then at a constant voltage of 4.2 V until the total charging time reached 4 hours, and discharging was performed for 30 minutes.
- the test was performed at a constant current of 2 A until the battery voltage reached 3 V.
- the discharge capacity retention rate was calculated as the ratio (%) of the discharge capacity at each cycle to the discharge capacity at the first cycle.
- Example 11 As Comparative Example 1 for Examples 1-1 to 1-3, a secondary battery was fabricated in the same manner as in Examples 1-1 to 1-3 except that poly (dimethylsiloxane) was not used.
- a charge / discharge test was performed in the same manner as in Examples 1-1 to 1-3, and cycle characteristics were examined. The results are also shown in FIG. As can be seen from FIG. 2, in Examples 1-1 to 1-3 in which the positive electrode 21 and the negative electrode 22 each had a coating containing poly (dimethylsiloxane), the charge and discharge were higher than in Comparative Example 1 where the coating was not provided.
- Example 1-2 had the smallest decrease in the discharge capacity retention ratio after repeated charging and discharging. That is, the surface of the positive electrode 21 and the negative electrode 22 has a coating containing siloxane. Cycle characteristics can be improved with a small addition amount, and higher effects can be obtained if the mass ratio of siloxane to the electrolyte is within the range of 100 ppm or more and 100 ppm or less. I knew I could do it.
- Example 2 In place of poly (dimethylsiloxane), the kinematic viscosity insoluble in the electrolyte was 100 mm 2 ZS, and the surface tension was about 2 Om. Except for using Nm of poly (methylhydrosiloxane), poly (methylphenylsiloxane), poly (hexafluoropropylene oxide), and perfluoropene decane, respectively.
- a secondary battery was produced in the same manner as in Example 1-2.
- the secondary batteries of Examples 2_1 to 2-4 were also disassembled and observed in the same manner as in Example 1-2, and the surface of the positive electrode 21 and the negative electrode 22 was found to be poly (methylhydrosiloxane).
- polysiloxanes, perfluoropolyethers and perfluoroalkanes were described with specific examples. However, other polysiloxanes, other perfluoropolyethers or other perfluoropolyethers were used.
- a similar result can be obtained even if a coating of oloalkane is provided. Similar results can be obtained by providing a coating having a surface tension smaller than that of the electrolytic solution and containing another compound that is insoluble in the electrolytic solution. Further, in the above-described embodiment, the case where the electrolytic solution is used has been described. However, similar results can be obtained by using an electrolyte in which the electrolytic solution is held on a support made of a polymer compound or an inorganic compound.
- the present invention has been described with reference to the embodiment and the example.
- the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment and example, and can be variously modified.
- a compound having a lower surface tension than the electrolytic solution and being insoluble in the electrolytic solution is dispersed in the electrolytic solution to form a film containing the compound in the battery. After forming a film on the electrode, the battery may be assembled.
- the case where lithium is used as the electrode reactive species has been described.
- other alkali metals such as sodium (Na) or potassium (K), or magnesium or calcium (Ca) are used.
- the present invention can be applied to the case where an alkaline earth metal such as aluminum, another light metal such as aluminum, or lithium or an alloy thereof is used, and the same effect can be obtained.
- the positive electrode active material, the negative electrode active material, and the electrolyte salt are appropriately selected according to the light metal. Otherwise, the configuration can be the same as in the above embodiment.
- the present invention is not limited to a cylindrical secondary battery having a wound structure, but may be an elliptical or polygonal secondary battery having a wound structure, or a structure in which a positive electrode and a negative electrode are folded or stacked.
- the present invention can also be applied to a secondary battery having the same.
- it can be applied to so-called coin-type, button-type or card-type secondary batteries.
- the present invention is not limited to the secondary battery, and can be applied to other batteries such as a primary battery. Further, the present invention can be applied to an electric double layer capacity using an electrolytic solution.
- a coating containing at least one compound selected from the group consisting of siloxane, perfluoropolyether, perfluoroalkane, and derivatives thereof Since the coating has a surface tension lower than that of the electrolytic solution and contains a compound that is insoluble in the electrolytic solution, the decomposition reaction of the electrolytic solution can be effectively suppressed without using a large amount of the compound that forms the coating. be able to. Therefore, the battery characteristics such as cycle characteristics can be improved while the adverse effects of the film formation and the manufacturing cost are kept small.
- the content of the compound is set to be in a range of 100 ppm or more and 100 ppm or less by mass ratio to the electrolyte. Higher effects can be obtained.
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Abstract
Description
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Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US10/542,335 US20060063073A1 (en) | 2003-01-23 | 2004-01-21 | Electrode and battery |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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JP2003014657A JP4501344B2 (ja) | 2003-01-23 | 2003-01-23 | 二次電池 |
JP2003/14657 | 2003-01-23 |
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WO2004066420A1 true WO2004066420A1 (ja) | 2004-08-05 |
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PCT/JP2004/000486 WO2004066420A1 (ja) | 2003-01-23 | 2004-01-21 | 電極および電池 |
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US (1) | US20060063073A1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4501344B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR20050092372A (ja) |
CN (1) | CN100367544C (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2004066420A1 (ja) |
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CN100367544C (zh) | 2008-02-06 |
CN1739208A (zh) | 2006-02-22 |
JP4501344B2 (ja) | 2010-07-14 |
JP2004265609A (ja) | 2004-09-24 |
KR20050092372A (ko) | 2005-09-21 |
US20060063073A1 (en) | 2006-03-23 |
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