Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07D239/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazine or hydrogenated 1,3-diazine rings
  • C07D239/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazine or hydrogenated 1,3-diazine rings not condensed with other rings
  • C07D239/24—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazine or hydrogenated 1,3-diazine rings not condensed with other rings having three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
  • C07D239/28—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazine or hydrogenated 1,3-diazine rings not condensed with other rings having three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
  • C07D239/46—Two or more oxygen, sulphur or nitrogen atoms
  • C07D239/52—Two oxygen atoms
  • C07D239/54—Two oxygen atoms as doubly bound oxygen atoms or as unsubstituted hydroxy radicals
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
  • A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
  • A61K8/30—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds
  • A61K8/40—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds containing nitrogen
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
  • A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
  • A61K8/30—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds
  • A61K8/49—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds containing heterocyclic compounds
  • A61K8/4906—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds containing heterocyclic compounds with one nitrogen as the only hetero atom
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61Q—SPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILETRY PREPARATIONS
  • A61Q17/00—Barrier preparations; Preparations brought into direct contact with the skin for affording protection against external influences, e.g. sunlight, X-rays or other harmful rays, corrosive materials, bacteria or insect stings
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61Q—SPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILETRY PREPARATIONS
  • A61Q17/00—Barrier preparations; Preparations brought into direct contact with the skin for affording protection against external influences, e.g. sunlight, X-rays or other harmful rays, corrosive materials, bacteria or insect stings
  • A61Q17/04—Topical preparations for affording protection against sunlight or other radiation; Topical sun tanning preparations
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07C255/00—Carboxylic acid nitriles
  • C07C255/01—Carboxylic acid nitriles having cyano groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms
  • C07C255/30—Carboxylic acid nitriles having cyano groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms containing cyano groups and singly-bound nitrogen atoms, not being further bound to other hetero atoms, bound to the same unsaturated acyclic carbon skeleton
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07C255/00—Carboxylic acid nitriles
  • C07C255/01—Carboxylic acid nitriles having cyano groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms
  • C07C255/31—Carboxylic acid nitriles having cyano groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms having cyano groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of a carbon skeleton containing rings other than six-membered aromatic rings
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07D207/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
  • C07D207/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
  • C07D207/18—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having one double bond between ring members or between a ring member and a non-ring member
  • C07D207/20—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having one double bond between ring members or between a ring member and a non-ring member with only hydrogen atoms, hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07D231/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,2-diazole or hydrogenated 1,2-diazole rings
  • C07D231/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,2-diazole or hydrogenated 1,2-diazole rings not condensed with other rings
  • C07D231/10—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,2-diazole or hydrogenated 1,2-diazole rings not condensed with other rings having two or three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
  • C07D231/14—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,2-diazole or hydrogenated 1,2-diazole rings not condensed with other rings having two or three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
  • C07D231/28—Two oxygen or sulfur atoms
  • C07D231/30—Two oxygen or sulfur atoms attached in positions 3 and 5
  • C07D231/32—Oxygen atoms
  • C07D231/36—Oxygen atoms with hydrocarbon radicals, substituted by hetero atoms, attached in position 4
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07D263/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-oxazole or hydrogenated 1,3-oxazole rings
  • C07D263/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-oxazole or hydrogenated 1,3-oxazole rings not condensed with other rings
  • C07D263/08—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-oxazole or hydrogenated 1,3-oxazole rings not condensed with other rings having one double bond between ring members or between a ring member and a non-ring member
  • C07D263/10—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-oxazole or hydrogenated 1,3-oxazole rings not condensed with other rings having one double bond between ring members or between a ring member and a non-ring member with only hydrogen atoms, hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
  • C07D263/14—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-oxazole or hydrogenated 1,3-oxazole rings not condensed with other rings having one double bond between ring members or between a ring member and a non-ring member with only hydrogen atoms, hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms with radicals substituted by oxygen atoms
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07D277/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-thiazole or hydrogenated 1,3-thiazole rings
  • C07D277/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-thiazole or hydrogenated 1,3-thiazole rings not condensed with other rings
  • C07D277/08—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-thiazole or hydrogenated 1,3-thiazole rings not condensed with other rings having one double bond between ring members or between a ring member and a non-ring member
  • C07D277/10—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-thiazole or hydrogenated 1,3-thiazole rings not condensed with other rings having one double bond between ring members or between a ring member and a non-ring member with only hydrogen atoms, hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07D295/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing polymethylene-imine rings with at least five ring members, 3-azabicyclo [3.2.2] nonane, piperazine, morpholine or thiomorpholine rings, having only hydrogen atoms directly attached to the ring carbon atoms
  • C07D295/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing polymethylene-imine rings with at least five ring members, 3-azabicyclo [3.2.2] nonane, piperazine, morpholine or thiomorpholine rings, having only hydrogen atoms directly attached to the ring carbon atoms with substituted hydrocarbon radicals attached to ring nitrogen atoms
  • C07D295/14—Heterocyclic compounds containing polymethylene-imine rings with at least five ring members, 3-azabicyclo [3.2.2] nonane, piperazine, morpholine or thiomorpholine rings, having only hydrogen atoms directly attached to the ring carbon atoms with substituted hydrocarbon radicals attached to ring nitrogen atoms substituted by carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals
  • C07D295/145—Heterocyclic compounds containing polymethylene-imine rings with at least five ring members, 3-azabicyclo [3.2.2] nonane, piperazine, morpholine or thiomorpholine rings, having only hydrogen atoms directly attached to the ring carbon atoms with substituted hydrocarbon radicals attached to ring nitrogen atoms substituted by carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals with the ring nitrogen atoms and the carbon atoms with three bonds to hetero atoms attached to the same carbon chain, which is not interrupted by carbocyclic rings
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07D295/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing polymethylene-imine rings with at least five ring members, 3-azabicyclo [3.2.2] nonane, piperazine, morpholine or thiomorpholine rings, having only hydrogen atoms directly attached to the ring carbon atoms
  • C07D295/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing polymethylene-imine rings with at least five ring members, 3-azabicyclo [3.2.2] nonane, piperazine, morpholine or thiomorpholine rings, having only hydrogen atoms directly attached to the ring carbon atoms with substituted hydrocarbon radicals attached to ring nitrogen atoms
  • C07D295/14—Heterocyclic compounds containing polymethylene-imine rings with at least five ring members, 3-azabicyclo [3.2.2] nonane, piperazine, morpholine or thiomorpholine rings, having only hydrogen atoms directly attached to the ring carbon atoms with substituted hydrocarbon radicals attached to ring nitrogen atoms substituted by carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals
  • C07D295/155—Heterocyclic compounds containing polymethylene-imine rings with at least five ring members, 3-azabicyclo [3.2.2] nonane, piperazine, morpholine or thiomorpholine rings, having only hydrogen atoms directly attached to the ring carbon atoms with substituted hydrocarbon radicals attached to ring nitrogen atoms substituted by carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals with the ring nitrogen atoms and the carbon atoms with three bonds to hetero atoms separated by carbocyclic rings or by carbon chains interrupted by carbocyclic rings
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07D319/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings having two oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
  • C07D319/04—1,3-Dioxanes; Hydrogenated 1,3-dioxanes
  • C07D319/06—1,3-Dioxanes; Hydrogenated 1,3-dioxanes not condensed with other rings
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07C2601/00—Systems containing only non-condensed rings
  • C07C2601/12—Systems containing only non-condensed rings with a six-membered ring
  • C07C2601/16—Systems containing only non-condensed rings with a six-membered ring the ring being unsaturated

Definitions

• the present invention relates to the use of merocyanine derivatives in protecting human and animal hair and skin from UV radiation and to cosmetic compositions comprising such compounds.
• Ri and R 2 are each independently of the other hydrogen; cyclo-C 3 -C 8 alkyl; or unsubstituted or CrCeal yl- or C ⁇ -C 6 alkoxy-substituted C 6 -C 20 aryl; or R ⁇ and R 2 together with the nitrogen atom linking them form a -(CH 2 ) m - ring which is uninterrupted or interrupted by -O- or by -NH-; R 3 is a cyano group; -COOR 5 ; -CONHR 5 ; -COR 5 ; or -SO 2 R 5 ; -CONR ⁇ R 5; R 4 is a cyano group; -COOR 6 ; -CONHR 6 ; -COR 6 ; or -SO 2 R 6 ; -CONR 2 R 6 ; R 5 and R 6 are each independently of the other C -C 22 alkyl; cyclo-C3-C 8 alkyl; or unsubstituted or C ⁇
• R 7 is C ⁇ -C 5 alkyl
• I is from 1 to 4
• m is from 1 to 7
• n is from 1 to 4
• Ri, R 5 or R 6 is a bivalent alkyl group
• Ri, R 5 or R 6 is a trivalent alkyl group
• Ri, R 5 or R 6 is a tetravalent alkyl group
• Ri and R 2 in formula (1) are not simultaneously hydrogen.
• Ri and R are each independently of the other hydrogen; C ⁇ -C 22 alkyl; or unsubstituted or
• R 3 is a cyano group; -COOR 5 ; -CONHR 5 ; -COR 5 ; or -SO 2 R 5 ; R 4 is a cyano group; -COOR 6 ; -CONHR 6 ; -COR 6 ; or -SO 2 R 6 ; R 5 and R 6 are each independently of the other C 1 -C 22 alkyl; or unsubstituted or C ⁇ -C 5 alkyl- substituted C 6 -C 20 aryl; or R 5 and R 6 together form a 5- to 7-membered, monocyclic, carbocyclic or heterocyclic ring; Z is a -(CH 2 )r group which is uninterrupted or interrupted by -O-, -S-, or by -NR 7 -, and/or is unsubstituted or substituted by C ⁇ -C 6 alkyl; R 7 is C ⁇ -C 6 alkyl; I is from 1 to 4; m is from 1 to 7
• the compounds of formula (1 ) may be present in the form of E.E-, E,Z- or Z,Z-isomers.
• C ⁇ -C 22 Alkyl denotes a linear or branched, unsubstituted or substituted alkyl group such as, for example, methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, n-hexyl, cyclohexyl, n-decyl, n-dodecyl, n-octadecyl, eicosyl, methoxyethyl, ethoxypropyl, 2-ethylhexyl, hydroxyethyl, chloropropyl, N,N-diethylaminopropyl, cyanoethyl, phenethyl, benzyl, p-tert-butylphenethyl, p-tert-octyl- phenoxyethyl, 3-(2,4-di-tert-amylphenoxy)-propyl, ethoxycarbonylmethyl
• C ⁇ -C 6 alkoxy denotes methoxy, ethoxy, n-propoxy, isopropoxy, n-butoxy, sec-butoxy, tert- butoxy, amyloxy, isoamyloxy or tert-amyloxy.
• C 6 -C ⁇ 0 aryl denotes, for example, phenyl, tolyl, anisyl, mesityl, chlorophenyl, 2,4-di-tert- amylphenyl and naphthyl.
• Heterocyclic radicals contain one, two, three or four identical or different ring hetero atoms. Special preference is given to heterocycles which contain one, two or three, especially one or two, identical or different hetero atoms.
• the heterocycles may be mono- or poly-cyclic, for example mono-, bi- or tri-cyclic. They are preferably mono- or bi-cyclic, especially mono- cyclic.
• the rings preferably contain 5, 6 or 7 ring members.
• Examples of monocyclic and bicyclic heterocyclic systems from which radicals occurring in the compounds of formula (1) or (2) may be derived are, for example, pyrrole, furan, thiophene, imidazole, pyrazole, 1 ,2,3- triazole, 1 ,2,4-triazole, pyridine, pyridazine, pyrimidine, pyrazine, pyran, thiopyran, 1 ,4- dioxane, 1 ,2-oxazine, 1,3-oxazine, 1,4-oxazine, indole, benzothiophene, benzofuran, pyrrolidine, piperidine, piperazine, morpholine and thiomorpholine.
• R 5 and R 6 together form a 5- to 7-membered monocyclic carbocyclic or heterocyclic ring
• a ring is, for example, a 1 ,3-dioxocyclohexane ring such as, for example, a dimedone ring, a 1 ,3-dioxo-5,5-diethylcyclohexane ring, a 1,3-diaza-2,4,6-trioxocyclohexane ring such as, for example, a barbituric acid ring, a 1 ,3-dimethylbarbituric acid ring, a 1- phenylbarbituric acid ring, a 1 -methyl-3-octylbarbituric acid ring, a 1-ethyl-3-octyloxy- carbonylethylbarbituric acid ring, a 1 ,2-diaza-3,5-dioxocyclopentane ring such
• Ri and R 2 are each independently of the other C ⁇ -C 22 alkyl; or Ri and R 2 together with the nitrogen atom linking them form a -(CH 2 ) m - ring which is uninterrupted or interrupted by -O- or by -NH-;
• R 3 is a cyano group; -COOR 5 ; -CONHR 5 ; -COR s ; or -SO 2 R s ;
• R 4 is a cyano group; -COOR 6 ; -CONHR 6 ; -COR 6 ; or -SO 2 R 6 ;
• R 5 and R 6 are each independently of the other C ⁇ -C 22 alkyl; or C 6 -C 20 aryl; and
• R 3 is a cyano group
• R 4 is -CONHR 6 ;
• R 6 is C ⁇ -C 22 alkyl; or C 6 -C 2 oaryl, and especially to compounds of formula (1) or (2) wherein
• R 6 is C 4 -C 20 alkyl.
• R and R 2 are each independently of the other C 1 -C 22 alkyl; or Ri and R 2 together with the nitrogen atom linking them form a -(CH 2 ) m - ring which is uninterrupted or interrupted by
• R 3 is -COOR 5 ;
• R is a cyano group; -COOR 6 ; or -SO 2 R 6 ;
• R 5 and R 6 are each independently of the other or C 6 -C 20 aryl; and m is from 1 to 7.
• R ! and R 2 are each independently of the other C r C 22 alkyl; or Ri and R 2 together with the nitrogen atom linking them form a -(CH 2 ) m - ring which is uninterrupted or interrupted by
• R 3 is -COOR 5
• R 4 is -COOR 6 ;
• R 5 and R 6 are each independently of the other CrC ⁇ alkyl; or C 6 -C 20 aryl; and m is from 1 to 7; and to compounds of formula (1) or (2) wherein Ri and R 2 are each independently of the other or Ri and R 2 together with the nitrogen atom linking them form a -(CH 2 ) m - ring which is uninterrupted or interrupted by
• R 3 is -COOR 5 ;
• R is a cyano group;
• R 5 is C ⁇ -C 22 alkyl; or C 6 -C 20 aryl; and
• m is from 1 to 7; and to compounds of formula (1) or (2) wherein Ri and R 2 are each independently of the other CrC ⁇ alkyl; or Ri and R 2 together with the nitrogen atom linking them form a -(CH 2 ) m - ring which is uninterrupted or interrupted by
• R 3 is -COOR 5 ;
• R 4 is -SO 2 R 6 ;
• R 5 and R 6 are each independently of the other CrC alkyl; or C 6 -C 20 aryl; and m is from 1 to 7.
• Ri and R 2 are each independently of the other d-C 22 alkyl; or Ri and R 2 together with the
• R 2 are each independently of the other C ⁇ -C 22 alkyl; or Ri and R 2 together with the nitrogen atom linking them form a -(CH 2 ) m - ring which is uninterrupted or interrupted by -O- or by -NH-;
• R 3 is a cyano group; -COOR 5 ; -CONHR 5 ; -COR 5 ; or -SO 2 R 5 ; and
• R 5 and R 6 are each independently of the other C ⁇ -C 22 alkyl; or C 6 -C 20 aryl; and very especially compounds of formula (4) wherein
• Ri and R 2 are each independently of the other or Ri and R 2 together with the
• Ri and R 2 are each independently of the other CrC ⁇ alkyl; or R, and R 2 together with the nitrogen atom linking them form a -(CH 2 ) m - ring which is uninterrupted or interrupted by -O- or by -NH-;
• R 3 is a cyano group; -COOR 5 ; -CONHR 5 ; -COR 5 ; or -SO 2 R 5 ; and
• R 5 is C ⁇ -C 22 alkyl; or C 6 -C 20 aryl; and very especially compounds of formula (4) wherein
• Ri and R 2 are each independently of the other CrC ⁇ alkyl; or R ⁇ and R 2 together with the
• R 8 and R 9 are each independently of the other hydrogen; or C ⁇ -C 5 alkyl
• Y is -O-; -S-; or -CH 2 -;
• R 4 and n are as defined in claim 1.
• R 3 is a cyano group; -COOR 5 ; -COR 5 ; or -SO 2 R 5 ; R 4 is -COR 6 ; or -COOR 6 ; and
• R 5 and R 6 are each independently of the other unsubstituted or C ⁇ -C 5 alkyl- or d-C 5 alkoxy- substituted C 6 -C 20 aryl.
• the merocyanine compounds of formula (1) or (2) used in accordance with the invention are, in some cases, known compounds but also include novel compounds.
• the novel compounds correspond to formula
• Ri is C r C alkylene
• R 2 is C ⁇ -C 5 alkyl; or Ri and R 2 together with the 2 nitrogen atoms linking them form a
• the UV absorbers according to the present invention can be used either in the dissolved state (soluble organic filters, solubilised organic filters) or in the micronised state (nanoscalar organic filters, particulate organic filters, UV-absorber pigments).
• any known process suitable for the preparation of microparticles can be used for the preparation of the micronised UV absorbers, for example: wet-milling (low-viscosity micronisation process for pumpable dispersions), with a hard grinding medium, for example zirconium silicate balls in a ball mill, and a protective surfactant or a protective polymer in water or in a suitable organic solvent; wet-kneading (high-viscosity micronisation process for non-pumpable pastes) using a continuous or discontinuous (batch) kneader.
• a solvent water or cosmetically acceptable oils
• a grinding aid surfactant, emulsifier
• a polymeric grinding aid may be used for a wet-kneading process.
• Both processes may be used preferably.
• spray-drying from a suitable solvent for example aqueous suspensions or suspensions containing organic solvents, or true solutions in water, ethanol, dichloroethane, toluene or N-methylpyrrolidone etc..
• a suitable solvent for example aqueous suspensions or suspensions containing organic solvents, or true solutions in water, ethanol, dichloroethane, toluene or N-methylpyrrolidone etc..
• supercritical fluids e.g. CO 2
• PCA process Precipitation with Compressed Anti- solvents
• milling apparatus for the preparation of the micronised organic UV absorbers there may be used, for example, a jet mill, ball mill, vibratory mill or hammer mill, preferably a highspeed mixing mill. Even more preferable mills are modern ball mills; manufacturers of these types of mill are, for example, Netzsch (LMZ mill), Drais (DCP-Viscoflow or Cosmo), B ⁇ hler AG (centrifugal mills) or Bachhofer.
• the grinding is preferably carried out with a grinding aid.
• kneading apparatus for the preparation of the micronised organic UV absorbers are typical sigma-blade batch kneaders but also serial batch kneaders (IKA-Werke) or continuous kneaders (Continua from Werner und Pfleiderer).
• Useful low molecular weight grinding aids for all the above micronisation processes are surfactants and emulsifiers as disclosed below in the sections entitled “Emulsifiers”, “Surfactants” and “Fatty alcohols”.
• Useful polymeric grinding aids for water dispersion are cosmetically acceptable water-soluble polymers with Mn > 500 g/mol, for example: acrylates (Salcare types), modified or non- modified polysaccharides, polyglucosides or xanthan gum. Furthermore an alkylated vinyl- pyrrolidone polymer, a vinylpyrrolidone/vinyl acetate copolymer, an acyl glutamate, an alkyl polyglucoside, Ceteareth-25 or a phospholipid may be used.
• Oil dispersions may comprise cosmetically acceptable waxy polymers or natural waxes as polymeric grinding aid to adjust the viscosity during and after processing. Examples of other useful polymeric grinding aids are disclosed below in the section entitled "Polymers”.
• Useful solvents are water, brine, (poly-)ethylene glycol, glycerol or cosmetically acceptable oils.
• Other useful solvents are disclosed below in the sections entitled “Esters of fatty acids”, “Natural and synthetic triglycerides, including glyceryl esters and derivatives”, “Pearlescent waxes”, “Hydrocarbon oils” and “Silicones or siloxanes”.
• the micronised UV absorbers so obtained usually have an average particle size from 0.02 to 2 micrometres, preferably from 0.03 to 1.5 micrometres and more especially from 0.05 to 1.0 micrometres.
• the UV absorbers according to the present invention can also be used dry in powder form.
• the UV absorbers are subjected to known grinding methods, such as vacuum atomisation, countercurrent spray-drying etc.. Such powders have a particle size of from 0.1 micrometres to 2 micrometres.
• the UV absorbers can be coated with a surface-active compound prior to the pulverisation process, for example with an anionic, non-ionic or amphoteric surfactant, e.g. a phospholipid or a known polymer, such as PVP, an acrylate etc.
• UV absorbers according to the present invention can also be used in specific carriers for cosmetics, for example in solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) or in inert sol-gel microcapsules wherein the UV absorbers are encapsulated.
• SSN solid lipid nanoparticles
• sol-gel microcapsules wherein the UV absorbers are encapsulated.
• the cosmetic formulations or pharmaceutical compositions according to the present invention can also comprise one or more than one further UV filter as described in Tables 1-3.
• the cosmetic or pharmaceutical preparations can be prepared by physically mixing the UV absorber(s) with the adjuvant using customary methods, for example by simply stirring together the individual components, especially by making use of the dissolution properties of already known cosmetic UV absorbers, for example octyl methoxycinnamate, salicylic acid isooctyl ester etc..
• the UV absorber can be used, for example, without further treatment, or in the micronised state, or in the form of a powder.
• Cosmetic or pharmaceutical preparations contain from 0.05 % to 40 % by weight, based on the total weight of the composition, of one UV absorber or a mixture of UV absorbers.
• mixing ratios of the UV absorber of formula (1) according to the present invention and optional further light-protective agents are useful for protecting skin, hair and/or natural or artificial hair colour.
• UV absorbers (The generic scope of the UV absorbers is described in the left-hand column; specific compounds are indicated in the right-hand column) p-aminobenzoic acid derivatives, for example 4-dimethylaminobenzoic acid 2-ethylhexyl ester; salicylic acid derivatives, for example salicylic acid 2-ethylhexyl ester; benzophenone derivatives, for example 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone and its 5-sulfonic acid derivative; diphenylacrylates, for example 2-ethylhexyl 2-cyano-3,3-diphenylacrylate, and 3-(benzo- furanyl) 2-cyanoacrylate;
• p-aminobenzoic acid derivatives for example 4-dimethylaminobenzoic acid 2-ethylhexyl ester
• salicylic acid derivatives for example salicylic acid 2-ethylhexyl ester
• benzophenone derivatives for example 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenz
• 3-imidazol-4-ylacrylic acid and esters benzofuran derivatives, especially 2-(p-aminophenyl)benzofuran derivatives, described in EP-A-582 189, US-A-5 338 539, US-A-5 518 713 and EP-A-613 893; polymeric UV absorbers, for example the benzylidene malonate derivatives described in EP-A-709 080; cinnamic acid derivatives, for example the 4-methoxycinnamic acid 2-ethylhexyl ester and isoamyl ester or cinnamic acid derivatives described in US-A-5 601 811 and WO 97/00851 ; camphor derivatives, for example 3-(4'-methyl)benzylidene-bornan-2-one, 3-benzylidene- boman-2-one, N-[2(and 4)-2-oxyborn-3-ylidene-methyl)-benzyl]acrylamide polymer, 3-(4'
• the primary particle size is, on average, 15 nm - 35 nm and the particle size distribution is in the range 100 nm - 300 nm.
• aminohydroxy-benzophenone derivatives disclosed in DE 100 11 317, EP 1 133 980 and EP 1 046 391 phenyl-benzimidazole derivatives as disclosed in EP 1 167 358 Suitable UV filter substances which can additionally be used with the UV absorbers according to the present invention are any UV-A and UV-B filter substances.
• the cosmetic or pharmaceutical preparations may be, for example, creams, gels, lotions, alcoholic and aqueous/alcoholic solutions, emulsions, wax/fat compositions, stick preparations, powders or ointments.
• the cosmetic or pharmaceutical preparations may contain further adjuvants as described below.
• the preparations contain, for example, from 0.1 to 30 % by weight, preferably from 0.1 to 15 % by weight and especially from 0.5 to 10 % by weight, based on the total weight of the composition, of one or more UV absorbers, from 1 to 60 % by weight, especially from 5 to 50 % by weight and preferably from 10 to 35 % by weight, based on the total weight of the composition, of at least one oil component, from 0 to 30 % by weight, especially from 1 to 30 % by weight und preferably from 4 to 20 % by weight, based on the total weight of the composition, of at least one emulsifier, from 10 to 90 % by weight, especially from 30 to 90 % by weight, based on the total weight of the composition, of water, and from 0 to 88.9 % by weight, especially from
• compositions/preparations according to the invention may also comprise one or one more additional compounds as described below.
• ester oils are isopropyl myristate, isopropyl palmitate, isopropyl stearate, isopropyl isostearate, isopropyl oleate, n-butyl stearate, n-hexyl laurate, n-decyl oleate, isooctyl stearate, isononyl stearate, isononyl isononanoate, 2-ethylhexyl palmitate, 2-hexyl laurate, 2-hexyldecyl stearate, 2-octyldodecyl palmitate, oleyl oleate, oleyl erucate, erucyl oleate, erucyl erucate, cetearyl octanoate, cetyl palmitate, cetyl stearate, cetyl oleate, cetyl behenate, cetyl
• diol esters such as ethylene glycol dioleate, ethylene glycol diisotridecanoate, propylene glycol di(2-ethylhexanoate), propylene glycol diisostearate, propylene glycol dipelargonate, butanediol diisostearate and
• Natural or synthetic triglvcerides including glvceryl esters and derivatives Di- or tri-glycerides, based on C 6 -C ⁇ 8 fatty acids, modified by reaction with other alcohols (caprylic/capric triglyceride, wheatgerm glycerides, etc.).
• Fatty acid esters of polyglycerol (polyglyceryl-n such as polyglyceryl-4 caprate, polyglyceryl-2 isostearate, etc.) or castor oil, hydrogenated vegetable oil, sweet almond oil, wheatgerm oil, sesame oil, hydrogenated cottonseed oil, coconut oil, avocado oil, corn oil, hydrogenated castor oil, shea butter, cocoa butter, soybean oil, mink oil, sunflower oil, safflower oil, macadamia nut oil, olive oil, hydrogenated tallow, apricot kernel oil, hazelnut oil, borage oil etc..
• polyglycerol polyglyceryl-n such as polyglyceryl-4 caprate, polyglyceryl-2 isostearate, etc.
• castor oil hydrogenated vegetable oil, sweet almond oil, wheatgerm oil, sesame oil, hydrogenated cottonseed oil, coconut oil, avocado oil, corn oil, hydrogenated castor oil, shea butter, cocoa butter, soybean oil, mink oil, sunflower oil,
• Waxes including esters of long-chain acids and alcohols as well as compounds having waxlike properties, e.g. camauba wax, beeswax (white or yellow), lanolin wax, candelilla wax, ozokerite, japan wax, paraffin wax, microcrystalline wax, ceresin, cetearyl ester wax, synthetic beeswax etc.. Also, hydrophilic waxes such as cetearyl alcohol or partial glycerides.
• Alkylene glycol esters especially ethylene glycol distearate; fatty acid alkanolamides, especially coco fatty acid diethanolamide; partial glycerides, especially stearic acid monoglyceride; esters of polyvalent, unsubstituted or hydroxy-substituted carboxylic acids with fatty alcohols having from 6 to 22 carbon atoms, especially long-chained esters of tartaric acid; fatty substances, for example fatty alcohols, fatty ketones, fatty aldehydes, fatty ethers and fatty carbonates, which in total have at least 24 carbon atoms, especially laurone and distearyl ether; fatty acids, such as stearic acid, hydroxystearic acid or behenic acid, ring-opening products of olefin epoxides having from 12 to 22 carbon atoms with fatty alcohols having from 12 to 22 carbon atoms and/or polyols having from 2 to 15 carbon atoms and from 2 to 10
• Mineral oil light or heavy
• petrolatum yellow or white
• microcrystalline wax paraffinic and isoparaffinic compounds
• hydrogenated isoparaffinic molecules such as polydecenes and polybutene, hydrogenated polyisobutene, squalane, isohexadecane, isododecane and others of vegetable or animal origin.
• Silicones or siloxanes organo-substituted polvsiloxanes
• simethicones which are mixtures of dimethicones having an average chain length of from 200 to 300 dimethylsiloxane units with hydrogenated silicates.
• a detailed survey by Todd et al. of suitable volatile silicones may in addition be found in Cosm. Toil. 91 , 27 (1976).
• Perfluorohexane dimethylcyclohexane, ethylcyclopentane, polyperfluoromethylisopropyl ether.
• Emulsifier systems may comprise, for example: carboxylic acids and their salts: alkaline soaps of sodium, potassium and ammonium, metallic soaps of calcium or magnesium, organic-based soaps such as lauric, palmitic, stearic and oleic acid etc.. Alkyl phosphates or phosphoric acid esters, acid phosphates, diethanolamine phosphate, potassium cetyl phosphate. Ethoxylated carboxylic acids or polyethylene glycol esters, PEG-n acylates.
• Linear fatty alcohols having from 8 to 22 carbon atoms, branched, from 2 to 30 mol of ethylene oxide and/or from 0 to 5 mol of propylene oxide with fatty acids having from 12 to 22 carbon atoms and with alkylphenols having from 8 to 15 carbon atoms in the alkyl group.
• Fatty alcohol polyglycol ethers such as laureth-n, ceteareth-n, steareth-n, oleth-n.
• Fatty acid polyglycol ethers such as PEG-n-stearate, PEG-n-oleate, PEG-n-cocoate.
• Monoglycerides and polyol esters Monoglycerides and polyol esters.
• Fatty acid and polyglycerol esters such as glycerol monostearate, diisostearoyl polyglyceryl-3-diisostearates, polyglyceryl-3-diisostearates, triglyceryl diisostearates, polyglyceryl-2-sesquiisostearates or polyglyceryl dimerates. Mixtures of compounds from a plurality of those substance classes are also suitable.
• Fatty acid polyglycol esters such as diethylene glycol monostearate, fatty acid and polyethylene glycol esters, fatty acid and saccharose esters such as sucrose esters, glycerol and saccharose esters such as sucrose glycerides.
• Sorbitol and sorbitan sorbitan mono- and di-esters of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids having from 6 to 22 carbon atoms and ethylene oxide addition products.
• Polysorbate-n series, sorbitan esters such as sesquiisostearate, sorbitan, PEG-(6)-sorbitan isostearate, PEG-(10)-sorbitan laurate, PEG-17-sorbitan dioleate.
• Glucose derivatives C 8 -C 22 alkyl-mono and oligo-glycosides and ethoxylated analogues with glucose being preferred as the sugar component.
• O/W emulsifiers such as methyl gluceth-20 sesquistearate, sorbitan stearate/sucrose cocoate, methyl glucose sesquistearate, cetearyl alcohol/cetearyl glucoside.
• W/O emulsifiers such as methyl glucose dioleate/methyl glucose isostearate.
• Sulfates and sulfonated derivatives dialkylsulfosuccinates, dioctyl succinate, alkyl lauryl sulfonate, linear sulfonated paraffins, sulfonated tetrapropylene sulfonate, sodium lauryl sulfates, ammonium and ethanolamine lauryl sulfates, lauryl ether sulfates, sodium laureth sulfates, sulfosuccinates, acetyl isothionates, alkanolamide sulfates, taurines, methyl taurines, imidazole sulfates.
• Amine derivatives, amine salts, ethoxylated amines, oxiy amines with chains containing a heterocycle such as alkyl imidazolines, pyridine derivatives, isoquinolines, cetylpyridinium chloride, cetylpyridinium bromide, quaternary ammonium such as cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTBA), stearylalkonium.
• Amide derivatives alkanolamides such as acylamide DEA, ethoxylated amides such as PEG-n acylamide, oxydiamides.
• Propoxylated or POE-n ethers (Meroxapols), Polaxamers or poly(oxyethylene)m-block-poly(oxypropylene)n- block(oxyethylene).
• Zwitterionic surfactants that carry at least one quaternary ammonium group and at least one carboxylate and/or sulfonate group in the molecule.
• Zwitterionic surfactants that are especially suitable are betaines, such as N-alkyl-N,N-dimethylammonium glycinates, cocoalkyldimethylam onium glycinate, N-acylaminopropyl-N,N-dimethyl- ammonium glycinates, cocoacylaminopropyldimethylammonium glycinate and 2-alkyl-3- carboxymethyl-3-hydroxyethylimidazolines each having from 8 to 18 carbon atoms in the alkyl or acyl group and also cocoacylaminoethylhydroxyethylcarboxymethylglycinate, N-alkylbetaine, N-alkylaminobetaines.
• betaines such as N-alkyl-N,N-dimethylammonium glycinates, cocoalkyldimethylam onium glycinate, N-acylaminopropyl-N,N-dimethyl- ammonium
• Non-ionic emulsifiers such as PEG-6 beeswax (and) PEG-6 stearate (and) polyglyceryl 2-isostearate [Apifac], glyceryl stearate (and) PEG-100 stearate.
• Anionic emulsifiers such as PEG-2 stearate SE, glyceryl stearate SE [Monelgine, Cutina KD], propylene glycol stearate [Tegin P], cetearyl alcohol and sodium cetearyl sulfate [Lanette N, Cutina LE, Crodacol GP], cetearyl alcohol and sodium lauryl sulfate [Lanette W], trilaneth-4 phosphate and glycol stearate and PEG-2 stearate [Sedefos 75], glyceryl stearate and sodium lauryl sulfate [Teginacid Special].
• Cationic acid bases such as cetearyl alcohol and cetrimonium bromide.
• the emulsifiers may be used in an amount of, for example, from 1 to 30 % by weight, especially from 4 to 20 % by weight and preferably from 5 to 10 % by weight, based on the total weight of the composition.
• the preferred amount of such emulsifier systems may constitute 5 % to 20 % of the oil phase.
• the cosmetic/pharmaceutical preparations for example creams, gels, lotions, alcoholic and aqueous/alcoholic solutions, emulsions, wax/fat compositions, stick preparations, powders or ointments, may in addition comprise, as further adjuvants and additives, mild surfactants, superfatting agents, consistency regulators, thickeners, polymers, stabilisers, biogenic active ingredients, deodorising active ingredients, anti-dandruff agents, film formers, swelling agents, further UV light-protective factors, antioxidants, hydrotropic agents, preservatives, insect repellents, self-tanning agents, solubilisers, perfume oils, colorants, bacteria-inhibiting agents and the like.
• mild surfactants for example creams, gels, lotions, alcoholic and aqueous/alcoholic solutions, emulsions, wax/fat compositions, stick preparations, powders or ointments
• Substances suitable for use as superfatting agents are, for example, lanolin and lecithin and also polyethoxylated or acrylated lanolin and lecithin derivatives, polyol fatty acid esters, monoglycerides and fatty acid alkanolamides, the latter simultaneously acting as foam stabilisers.
• Suitable mild surfactants include fatty alcohol polyglycol ether sulfates, monoglyceride sulfates, mono- and/or di-alkyl sulfosuccinates, fatty acid isothionates, fatty acid sarcosinates, fatty acid taurides, fatty acid glutamates, ⁇ -olefin sulfonates, ethercarboxylic acids, alkyl oligoglucosides, fatty acid glucamides, alkylamidobetaines and/or protein fatty acid condensation products, the latter preferably being based on wheat proteins.
• Silicon dioxide magnesium silicates, aluminium silicates, polysaccharides or derivatives thereof for example hyaluronic acid, xanthan gum, guar-guar, agar-agar, alginates, carragheenan, gellan, pectins, or modified cellulose such as hydroxycellulose, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose.
• polyacrylates or homopolymers of crosslinked acrylic acids and polyacrylamides carbomers (Carbopol types 980, 981 , 1382, ETD 2001 , ETD2020, Ultrez 10) or the Salcare range such as Salcare SC80 (steareth-10 allyl ether/acrylate copolymer), Salcare SC81 (acrylate copolymer), Salcare SC91 and Salcare AST (sodium acrylate copolymer/PPG-1 trideceth-6), Sepigel 305 (polyacrylamide/laureth-7), Simulgel NS and Simulgel EG (hydroxyethyl acrylate/sodium acryloyldimethyl taurate copolymer), Stabilen 30 (acrylate/vinyl isodecanoate crosspolymer), Pemulen TR-1 (acrylate/C ⁇ 0 -C 30 alkyl acrylate crosspolymer), Luvigel EM (sodium acrylate copolymer), Aculyn 28 (acrylate)
• Suitable cationic polymers are, for example, cationic cellulose derivatives, for example a quatemised hydroxymethyl cellulose obtainable under the name Polymer JR 400 from Amerchol, cationic starches, copolymers of diallylammonium salts and acrylamides, quatemised vinylpyrrolidone/vinyl imidazole polymers, for example Luviquat ® (BASF), condensation products of polyglycols and amines, quatemised collagen polypeptides, for example lauryldimonium hydroxypropyl hydrolysed collagen (Lamequat ® lJGr ⁇ nau), quatemised wheat polypeptides, polyethyleneimine, cationic silicone polymers, for example amidomethicones, copolymers of adipic acid and dimethylaminohydroxypropyl diethylene- triamine (Cartaretin/Sandoz), copolymers of acrylic acid with dimethyldiallylammonium chloride (Merquat
• anionic, zwitterionic, amphoteric and non-ionic polymers there come into consideration, for example, vinyl acetate/crotonic acid copolymers, vinylpyrrolidone/vinyl acrylate copolymers, vinyl acetate/butyl maleate/isobomyl acrylate copolymers, methyl vinyl ether/maleic anhydride copolymers and esters thereof, uncross- linked polyacrylic acids and polyacrylic acids crosslinked with polyols, acrylamidopropyl- trimethylammonium chloride/acrylate copolymers, octyl acrylamide/methyl methacrylate- tert-butylaminoethyl methacrylate/2-hydroxypropyl methacrylate copolymers, polyvinyl- pyrrolidone, vinylpyrrolidone/vinyl acetate copolymers, vinylpyrrolidone/dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate/vinyl cap
• Biogenic active ingredients are to be understood as meaning, for example, tocopherol, tocopherol acetate, tocopherol palmitate, ascorbic acid, deoxyribonucleic acid, retinol, bisabolol, allantoin, phytantriol, panthenol, AHA acids, amino acids, ceramides, pseudoceramides, essential oils, plant extracts and vitamin complexes.
• Deodorising active ingredients are to be understood as meaning, for example, tocopherol, tocopherol acetate, tocopherol palmitate, ascorbic acid, deoxyribonucleic acid, retinol, bisabolol, allantoin, phytantriol, panthenol, AHA acids, amino acids, ceramides, pseudoceramides, essential oils, plant extracts and vitamin complexes.
• Deodorising active ingredients are to be understood as meaning, for example, tocopherol, tocopherol acetate, tocopherol palmitate, ascorbic acid
• deodorising active ingredients there come into consideration, for example, anti- perspirants, for example aluminium chlorohydrates (see J. Soc. Cosm. Chem. 24, 281 (1973)). Under the trade mark Locron ® of Hoechst AG, Frankfurt (FRG), there is available commercially, for example, an aluminium chlorohydrate corresponding to formula AI 2 (OH) 5 CI x 2.5 H 2 O, the use of which is especially preferred (see J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 26, 531 (1975)). Besides the chlorohydrates, it is also possible to use aluminium hydroxy- acetates and acidic aluminium/zirconium salts. Esterase inhibitors may be added as further deodorising active ingredients.
• Such inhibitors are preferably trialkyl citrates, such as trimethyl citrate, tripropyl citrate, triisopropyl citrate, tributyl citrate and especially triethyl citrate (Hydagen CAT, Henkel), which inhibit enzyme activity and hence reduce odour formation.
• trialkyl citrates such as trimethyl citrate, tripropyl citrate, triisopropyl citrate, tributyl citrate and especially triethyl citrate (Hydagen CAT, Henkel), which inhibit enzyme activity and hence reduce odour formation.
• esterase inhibitors are sterol sulfates or phosphates, for example lanosterol, cholesterol, campesterol, stigmasterol and sitosterol sulfate or phosphate, dicarboxylic acids and esters thereof, for example glutaric acid, glutaric acid monoethyl ester, glutaric acid diethyl ester, adipic acid, adipic acid monoethyl ester, adipic acid diethyl ester, malonic acid and malonic acid diethyl ester and hydroxycarboxylic acids and esters thereof, for example citric acid, malic acid, tartaric acid or tartaric acid diethyl ester.
• dicarboxylic acids and esters thereof for example glutaric acid, glutaric acid monoethyl ester, glutaric acid diethyl ester, adipic acid, adipic acid monoethyl ester, adipic acid diethyl ester, malonic acid and malonic
• Antibacterial active ingredients that influence the germ flora and kill or inhibit the growth of sweat-decomposing bacteria can likewise be present in the preparations (especially in stick preparations).
• Examples include chitosan, phenoxyethanol and chlorhexidine gluconate.
• 5-chloro-2-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)-phenol Triclosan, Irgasan, Ciba Specialty Chemicals Inc. has also proved especially effective.
• anti-dandruff agents there may be used, for example, climbazole, octopirox and zinc pyrithione.
• Customary film formers include, for example, chitosan, microcrystalline chitosan, quatemised chitosan, polyvinylpyrrolidone, vinylpyrrolidone/vinyl acetate copolymers, polymers of quaternary cellulose derivatives containing a high proportion of acrylic acid, collagen, hyaluronic acid and salts thereof and similar compounds.
• Antioxidants include, for example, chitosan, microcrystalline chitosan, quatemised chitosan, polyvinylpyrrolidone, vinylpyrrolidone/vinyl acetate copolymers, polymers of quaternary cellulose derivatives containing a high proportion of acrylic acid, collagen, hyaluronic acid and salts thereof and similar compounds.
• secondary light-protective substances of the antioxidant kind that interrupt the photochemical reaction chain triggered when UV radiation penetrates the skin or hair.
• anti- oxidants are amino acids (e.g. glycine, histidine, tyrosine, tryptophan) and derivatives thereof, imidazoles (e.g. urocanic acid) and derivatives thereof, peptides, such as D,L- camosine, D-carnosine, L-carnosine and derivatives thereof (e.g. anserine), carotinoids, carotenes, lycopene and derivatives thereof, chlorogenic acid and derivatives thereof, lipoic acid and derivatives thereof (e.g.
• thiols e.g. thioredoxin, glutathione, cysteine, cystine, cystamine and the glycosyl, N- acetyl, methyl, ethyl, propyl, amyl, butyl, lauryl, palmitoyl, oleyl, linoleyl, cholesteryl and glyceryl esters thereof
• salts thereof dilauryl thiodipropionate, distearyl thiodipropionate, thiodipropionic acid and derivatives thereof (esters, ethers, peptides, lipids, nucleotides, nucleosides and salts) and also sulfoximine compounds (e.g.
• buthionine sulfoximines homocysteine sulfoximine, buthionine sulfones, penta-, hexa-, hepta-thionine sulfoximine
• metal chelating agents e.g. hydroxy fatty acids, palmitic acid, phytic acid, lactoferrin), hydroxy acids (e.g. citric acid, lactic acid, malic acid), humic acid, bile acid, bile extracts, bilirubin, biliverdin, EDTA, EDDS, EGTA and derivatives thereof, unsaturated fatty acids and derivatives thereof (e.g.
• vitamin C and derivatives e.g. ascorbyl palmitate, magnesium ascorbyl phosphate, ascorbyl acetate), tocopherols and derivatives (e.g. vitamin E acetate), vitamin A and derivatives (e.g.
• vitamin A palmitate and also coniferyl benzoate of benzoin resin, rutinic acid and derivatives thereof, glycosylrutin, ferulic acid, furfurylidene glucitol, carnosine, butyl hydroxytoluene, butyl hydroxyanisole, nordihydroguaiaretic acid, trihydroxybutyrophenone, uric acid and derivatives thereof, mannose and derivatives thereof, superoxide dismutase, N-[3-(3,5-di- tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propionyl]sulfanilic acid (and salts thereof, for example the disodium salts), zinc and derivatives thereof (e.g.
• ZnO, ZnSO 4 selenium and derivatives thereof (e.g. selenium methionine), stilbene and derivatives thereof (e.g. stilbene oxide, trans-stilbene oxide) and the derivatives suitable according to the invention (salts, esters, ethers, sugars, nucleotides, nucleosides, peptides and lipids) of those mentioned active ingredients.
• HALS "Hindered Amine Light Stabilizers" compounds may also be mentioned.
• Further synthetic and natural antioxidants are listed e.g. in patent WO 0025731 : structures 1-3 (page 2), structure 4 (page 6), structures 5-6 (page 7) and compounds 7-33 (page 8-14).
• the amount of antioxidants present is usually from 0.001 to 30 % by weight, preferably from 0.01 to 3 % by weight, based on the weight of the UV absorber of formula (1).
• hydrotropic agents for example ethoxylated or non ethoxylated mono-alcohols, diols or polyols with a low number of carbon atoms or their ethers (e.g.
• ethanol isopropanol, 1 ,2-dipropanediol, propylene glycol, glycerol, ethylene glycol, ethylene glycol monoethyl ether, ethylene glycol monobutyl ether, propylene glycol monomethyl ether, propylene glycol monoethyl ether, propylene glycol monobutyl ether, diethylene glycol monomethyl ether; diethylene glycol monoethyl ether, diethylene glycol monobutyl ether and similar products).
• the polyols that come into consideration for that purpose have preferably from 2 to 15 carbon atoms and at least two hydroxy groups.
• the polyols may also contain further functional groups, especially amino groups, and/or may be modified with nitrogen.
• Typical examples are as follows: glycerol, alkylene glycols, for example ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, propylene glycol, butylene glycol, hexylene glycol and also polyethylene glycols having an average molecular weight of from 100 to 1000 Dalton; technical-grade oligoglycerol mixtures having an intrinsic degree of condensation of from 1.5 to 10, for example technical-grade diglycerol mixtures having a diglycerol content of from 40 to 50 % by weight; methylol compounds, such as, especially, trimethylolethane, trimethylolpropane, trimethylolbutane, pentaerythritol and dipentaerythritol; lower alkyl-glucosides, especially those having from 1 to 8 carbon atoms in the alkyl radical, for example methyl and butyl glucoside; sugar alcohols having from 5 to 12 carbon atoms, for example sorbitol or mannitol; sugars having from 5 to 12
• Suitable preservatives include, for example, methyl, ethyl, propyl and butyl parabens, benzalkonium chloride, 2-bromo-2-nitro-propane-1 ,3-diol, dehydroacetic acid, diazolidinyl urea, 2-dichloro-benzyl alcohol, DMDM hydantoin, formaldehyde solution, methyldibromo- glutanitrile, phenoxyethanol, sodium hydroxymethylglycinate, imidazolidinyl urea, triclosan and further substance classes listed in the following reference: K.F.DePolo - A short textbook of cosmetology, Chapter 7, Table 7-2, 7-3, 7-4 and 7-5, p210-219.
• bacteria-inhibiting agents are preservatives that have a specific action against gram-positive bacteria, such as 2,4,4'-trichloro-2'-hydroxydiphenyl ether, chlor- hexidine (1 ,6-di(4-chlorophenyl-biguanido)hexane) or TCC (3,4,4' -trichlorocarbanilide).
• gram-positive bacteria such as 2,4,4'-trichloro-2'-hydroxydiphenyl ether, chlor- hexidine (1 ,6-di(4-chlorophenyl-biguanido)hexane) or TCC (3,4,4' -trichlorocarbanilide).
• TCC 3,4,4' -trichlorocarbanilide
• a large number of aromatic substances and ethereal oils also have antimicrobial properties.
• Typical examples are the active ingredients eugenol, menthol and thymol in clove oil, mint oil and thy
• a natural deodorising agent of interest is the terpene alcohol farnesol (3,7,11- trimethyl-2,6,10-dodecatrien-1-ol), which is present in lime blossom oil.
• Glycerol monolaurate has also proved to be a bacteriostatic agent.
• the amount of the additional bacteria-inhibiting agents present is usually from 0.1 to 2 % by weight, based on the solids content of the preparations.
• Natural aromatic substances are, for example, extracts from blossom (lilies, lavender, roses, jasmine, neroli, ylang-ylang), from stems and leaves (geranium, patchouli, petitgrain), from fruit (aniseed, coriander, carraway, juniper), from fruit peel (bergamot, lemons, oranges), from roots (mace, angelica, celery, cardamom, costus, iris, calmus), from wood (pinewood, sandalwood, guaiacum wood, cedarwood, rosewood), from herbs and grasses (tarragon, lemon grass, sage, thyme), from needles and twigs (spruce, pine, Scots pine, mountain pine), from resins and balsams (galbanum, elemi, benzoin, myrrh, olibanum, opoponax).
• Typical synthetic aromatic substances are, for example, products of the ester, ether, aldehyde, ketone, alcohol or hydrocarbon type.
• Aromatic substance compounds of the ester type are, for example, benzyl acetate, phenoxyethyl isobutyrate, p-tert-butylcyclohexyl acetate, linalyl acetate, dimethylbenzylcarbinyl acetate, phenylethyl acetate, linalyl benzoate, benzyl formate, ethylmethylphenyl glycinate, allylcyclohexyl propionate, styrallyl propionate and benzyl salicylate.
• the ethers include, for example, benzyl ethyl ether;
• the aldehydes include, for example, the linear alkanals having from 8 to 18 hydrocarbon atoms, citral, citronellal, citronellyl oxyacetaldehyde, cyclamen aldehyde, hydroxycitronellal, lilial and bourgeonal;
• the ketones include, for example, the ionones, isomethylionone and methyl cedryl ketone;
• the alcohols include, for example, anethol, citronellol, eugenol, isoeugenol, geraniol, linalool, phenyl ethyl alcohol and terpinol; and
• the hydrocarbons include mainly the terpenes and balsams.
• Ethereal oils of relatively low volatility which are chiefly used as aroma components, are also suitable as perfume oils, e.g. sage oil, camomile oil, clove oil, melissa oil, oil of cinnamon leaves, lime blossom oil, juniper berry oil, vetiver oil, olibanum oil, galbanum oil, labdanum oil and lavandin oil.
• the cosmetic preparations may comprise, as adjuvants, anti- foams, such as silicones, structurants, such as maleic acid, solubilisers, such as ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, glycerol or diethylene glycol, opacifiers, such as latex, styrene/PVP or styrene/acrylamide copolymers, complexing agents, such as EDTA, NTA, alaninediacetic acid or phosphonic acids, propellants, such as propane/butane mixtures, N 2 O, dimethyl ether, CO 2 , N 2 or air, so-called coupler and developer components as oxidation dye precursors, reducing agents, such as thioglycolic acid and derivatives thereof, thiolactic acid, cysteamine, thiomalic acid or mercaptoethanesulfonic acid, or oxidising agents, such as hydrogen peroxide, potassium bromate or sodium bromate.
• anti- foams such as silicones
• Suitable insect repellents are, for example, N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide, 1 ,2-pentanediol or insect repellent 3535; suitable self-tanning agents are, for example, dihydroxyacetone and/or erythrulose or dihydroxy acetone and/or dihydroxy acetone precursors as described in WO 01/85124 and/or erythrulose.
• UV-absorbers and UV-absorber combinations listed above, with SPF enhancers, such as non-active ingredients like styrene/acrylate copolymers, silica beads, spheroidal magnesium silicate, crosslinked polymethylmethacrylates (PMMA; Micopearl M305 Seppic), can maximize the UV protection of the sun products.
• Hollow-sphere additives (Sunspheres® ISP, Silica Shells Kobo.) deflect radiation and the effective path length of the photon is therefore increased (EP 0 893 119).
• Some beads as mentioned previously, provide a soft feel during spreading.
• the optical activity of such beads e.g. Micropearl M305, can modulate skin-shine by eliminating reflection phenomena and may indirectly scatter the UV light.
• Cosmetic or pharmaceutical formulations are contained in a wide variety of cosmetic preparations. There come into consideration, for example, especially the following preparations:
• skin-care preparations e.g. skin-washing and cleansing preparations in the form of tablet-form or liquid soaps, soapless detergents or washing pastes
• bath preparations e.g. liquid (foam baths, milks, shower preparations) or solid bath preparations, e.g. bath cubes and bath salts
• skin-care preparations e.g. skin emulsions, multi-emulsions or skin oils
• cosmetic personal care preparations e.g. facial make-up in the form of day creams or powder creams, face powder (loose or pressed), rouge or cream make-up, eye-care preparations, e.g.
• eyeshadow preparations mascara, eyeliner, eye creams or eye-fix creams
• lip-care preparations e.g. lipsticks, lip gloss, lip contour pencils, nail-care preparations, such as nail varnish, nail varnish removers, nail hardeners or cuticle removers
• foot-care preparations e.g. foot baths, foot powders, foot creams or foot balsams, special deodorants and antiperspirants or callus-removing preparations
• light-protective preparations such as sun milks, lotions, creams or oils, sunblocks or tropicals, pre-tanning preparations or after-sun preparations
• skin-tanning preparations e.g.
• depigmenting preparations e.g. preparations for bleaching the skin or skin-lightening preparations
• insect-repellents e.g. insect-repellent oils, lotions, sprays or sticks
• deodorants such as deodorant sprays, pump-action sprays, deodorant gels, sticks or roll-ons
• antiperspirants e.g. antiperspirant sticks, creams or roll-ons
• preparations for cleansing and caring for blemished skin e.g. synthetic detergents (solid or liquid), peeling or scrub preparations or peeling masks
• hair-removal preparations in chemical form (depilation) e.g.
• hair-removing powders liquid hair-removing preparations, cream- or paste-form hair-removing preparations, hair- removing preparations in gel form or aerosol foams
• shaving preparations e.g. shaving soap, foaming shaving creams, non-foaming shaving creams, foams and gels, preshave preparations for dry shaving, aftershaves or aftershave lotions
• fragrance preparations e.g. fragrances (eau de Cologne, eau de toilette, eau de perfume, perfume de toilette, perfume), perfume oils or perfume creams
• cosmetic hair-treatment preparations e.g. hair-washing preparations in the form of shampoos and conditioners, hair-care preparations, e.g.
• pretreatment preparations hair tonics, styling creams, styling gels, pomades, hair rinses, treatment packs, intensive hair treatments, hair-structuring preparations, e.g. hair-waving preparations for permanent waves (hot wave, mild wave, cold wave), hair-straightening preparations, liquid hair- setting preparations, hair foams, hairsprays, bleaching preparations, e.g. hydrogen peroxide solutions, lightening shampoos, bleaching creams, bleaching powders, bleaching pastes or oils, temporary, semi-permanent or permanent hair colourants, preparations containing self-oxidising dyes, or natural hair colourants, such as henna or camomile.
• hair-structuring preparations e.g. hair-waving preparations for permanent waves (hot wave, mild wave, cold wave), hair-straightening preparations, liquid hair- setting preparations, hair foams, hairsprays, bleaching preparations, e.g. hydrogen peroxide solutions, lightening shampoos, bleaching cream
• the final formulations listed may exist in a wide variety of presentation forms, for example: in the form of liquid preparations as a W/O, O/W, O/W/O, W/O/ or PIT emulsion and all kinds of microemulsions, in the form of a gel, in the form of an oil, a cream, milk or lotion, in the form of a powder, a lacquer, a tablet or make-up, in the form of a stick, in the form of a spray (spray with propellent gas or pump-action spray) or an aerosol, in the form of a foam, or in the form of a paste.
• a spray spray with propellent gas or pump-action spray
• aerosol aerosol
• cosmetic preparations for the skin are light-protective preparations, such as sun milks, lotions, creams, oils, sunblocks or tropicals, pretanning preparations or after-sun preparations, also skin-tanning preparations, for example self-tanning creams.
• sun protection creams, sun protection lotions, sun protection milk and sun protection preparations in the form of a spray are special interest.
• hair-washing preparations in the form of shampoos, hair conditioners, hair-care preparations, e.g. pretreatment preparations, hair tonics, styling creams, styling gels, pomades, hair rinses, treatment packs, intensive hair treatments, hair-straightening preparations, liquid hair-setting preparations, hair foams and hairsprays.
• hair-washing preparations in the form of shampoos.
• a shampoo has, for example, the following composition: from 0.01 to 5 % by weight of a UV absorber according to the invention, 12.0 % by weight of sodium laureth-2-sulfate, 4.0 % by weight of cocamidopropyl betaine, 3.0 % by weight of sodium chloride, and water ad 100%.
• hair-cosmetic formulations may be used:
• spontaneously emulsifying stock formulation consisting of the UV absorber according to the invention, PEG-6-C 10 oxoalcohol and sorbitan sesquioleate, to which water and any desired quaternary ammonium compound, for example 4 % minkamidopropyl dimethyl- 2-hydroxyethylammonium chloride or Quatemium 80, is added;
• a 2 spontaneously emulsifying stock formulation consisting of the UV absorber according to the invention, tributyl citrate and PEG-20-sorbitan monooleate, to which water and any desired quaternary ammonium compound, for example 4 % minkamidopropyl dimethyl- 2-hydroxyethylammonium chloride or Quaternium 80, is added;
• compositions are preservatives, bactericides and bacterio- static agents, perfumes, dyes, pigments, thickening agents, moisturising agents, humectants, fats, oils, waxes or other typical ingredients of cosmetic and personal care formulations such as alcohols, poly-alcohols, polymers, electrolytes, organic solvents, silicon derivatives, emollients, emulsifiers or emulsifying surfactants, surfactants, dispersing agents, antioxidants, anti-irritants and anti-inflammatory agents etc.
• UV absorber as described in Tables 1-3 0 % - 30 %
• N-(3-Anilino-allylidene)-aniline (4.5 g, 0.02 mol) and cyanoacetic acid 2-ethylhexyl ester (4.2 g, 0.021 mol) are stirred in 10 ml of acetanhydride for 2 hours at 85-90°C.
• the reaction batch is poured onto ice, and the resulting precipitate is filtered off and washed with copious amounts of water.
• the intermediate product is taken up in 10 ml of dry ethanol, and diethylamine (3.1 g, 0.042 mol) is added.
• N-(3-Anilino-allylidene)-aniline (4.5 g, 0.02 mol) and cyanoacetic acid 2-ethylhexyl ester (4.2 g, 0.021 mol) are stirred in 10 ml of acetanhydride for 2 hours at 85-90°C.
• the reaction batch is poured onto ice, and the resulting precipitate is filtered off and washed with copious amounts of water.
• the intermediate product is taken up in 10 ml of dry ethanol, and diethyl- 1 ,3-propanediamine (1.3 g, 0.01 mol) is added.
• N-(3-Anilino-allylidene)-aniline (4.5 g, 0.02 mol) and cyanoacetic acid 2-ethylhexyl ester (4.2 g, 0.021 mol) are stirred in 10 ml of acetanhydride for 2 hours at 85-90°C.
• the reaction batch is poured onto ice, and the resulting precipitate is filtered off and washed with copious amounts of water. After drying in vacuo at 60°C, the intermediate product is taken up in 10 ml of dry ethanol, and piperazine (0.8 g, 0.01 mol) is added.
• UV absorber of formula (101) 3 g sesame oil 10 g glyceryl stearate 4 g stearic acid 1 g cetyl alcohol 0.5 g polysorbate 20 0.2 g
• the UV absorber is dissolved in sesame oil.
• the other components of (A) are added thereto and combined.
• Propylparaben and methylparaben are dissolved in propylene glycol. 60 ml of water are then added, heating to 70°C is carried out and then carbomer 934 is emulsified therein.
• (A) is slowly added to (B) with vigorous application of mechanical energy.
• the volume is adjusted to 100 ml by the addition of water.
• Example 5 Daily care cream, type O/W
• Part A and part B are heated separately to 80°C.
• Part A is poured into part B, whilst stirring continuously. Afterwards the mixture is homogenized with an Ultra Turrax at 11 000 rpm for 20 sec. The mixture is cooled to 60°C and part C is added. At a temperature below 30°C, part D is added and the pH value is adjusted with sodium hydroxide to between 6.5 and 7.0. Finally, fragrance is added.
• Example 6 Sun-protection cream, type O/W INCI name % w/w (as used)
• Part A and part B are heated separately to 75°C.
• Part A is poured into part B whilst stirring.
• the mixture is homogenised with an Ultra Turrax at 11 000 rpm for 15 sec.
• the mixture is cooled to 60°C and part C and part D are incorporated.
• the mixture is homogenised again for a short time (5 sec/11 000 rpm) and further cooled, with moderate stirring.
• the pH is adjusted with sodium hydroxide solution to between 5.5 and 6.0. Finally, fragrance is added.
• Part A and part B are heated separately to 75°C.
• Part A is poured into part B whilst stirring.
• the mixture is homogenised with an Ultra Turrax at 11 000 rpm for 15 se .
• the mixture is cooled to 60°C, and part C and part D are incorporated.
• the mixture is homogenised again for a short time (5 sec/11 000 rpm).
• the pH is adjusted with sodium hydroxide at room temperature. A solution between pH 5.50 and 6.00 is obtained. Finally, fragrance is added.
• Example 9 Sun-protection cream, type O/W
• Part A and part B are heated separately to 75°C.
• Part A is poured into part B whilst stirring.
• the mixture is homogenised with an Ultra Turrax at 11 000 rpm for 15 sec.
• part C and part D are incorporated.
• the mixture is homogenised again for a short time (5 sec/11 000 rpm).
• the pH is adjusted at room temperature with sodium hydroxide solution to between 5.50 and 6.00. Finally, fragrance is added.
• Part A and part B are heated separately to 75°C.
• Part A is poured into part B whilst stirring.
• the mixture is homogenised with an Ultra Turrax at 11 000 rpm for 15 sec.
• part C and part D are incorporated.
• the mixture is homogenised again for a short time (5 sec/11 000 rpm).
• the pH is adjusted at room temperature with sodium hydroxide. A solution between pH 5.50 and 6.00 is obtained. Finally, fragrance is added.

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• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
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• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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• 2003
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