TWI774064B - 用於執行冷噴塗沉積物之現地黏貼測試之設備及其使用方法 - Google Patents

用於執行冷噴塗沉積物之現地黏貼測試之設備及其使用方法 Download PDF

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TWI774064B
TWI774064B TW109132009A TW109132009A TWI774064B TW I774064 B TWI774064 B TW I774064B TW 109132009 A TW109132009 A TW 109132009A TW 109132009 A TW109132009 A TW 109132009A TW I774064 B TWI774064 B TW I774064B
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麥可 Ｒ 艾基斯
阿拉旭 帕西
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美商西屋電器公司
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Abstract

本發明揭示一種執行一結構之一表面上之一冷噴塗沉積物之一現地黏貼測試時之測試配置及其使用方法。該測試配置包含：一樣品部件，其具有界定於其中之若干孔隙；及一負載配置，其耦合至該樣品部件。該負載配置經構形以對該樣品部件提供一已知量值之一機械力。在執行一結構上之一冷噴塗沉積物之一現地測試時，該方法包含：相對於該結構之一表面定位該測試配置；將該冷噴塗沉積物沉積於該結構之該表面上；及測試該冷噴塗沉積物至該表面之該黏貼。

Description

用於執行冷噴塗沉積物之現地黏貼測試之設備及其使用方法
本發明係關於用於執行冷噴塗沉積物之現地黏貼測試之設備。本發明亦係關於在執行冷噴塗沉積物之現地黏貼測試時使用此設備之方法。
冷噴塗係一種藉由使用一高溫/高壓氣體源使粉末顆粒加速通過一短德拉瓦式(de Laval type)噴嘴而將金屬及金屬/陶瓷摻和物沉積於一表面上之方法。考量將冷噴塗用於修復安裝於其中進出口可侷限於一小間隙或環帶之位置中之較大結構(諸如用過燃料罐或管道)。此等結構可能已使用達延長時段，結果為表面上沉積有氧化物或其他有害碎屑。冷噴塗沉積物至基板之結合強度可能受到此等表面沉積物及有限相隔距離之不利影響，此可迫使在沉積期間之噴嘴大小及定位次佳。因此，將期望一種用於確認在此一使用中結構上(或在「現場條件」下)進行之一冷噴塗沉積之品質的方法。
突耳剪力測試(lug shear test)係一種量化一沉積物與一基板之間之結合品質的方法。剪應力固有地考量基板/沉積物界面處之沉積物之冶金品質(孔隙率及內聚力)及基板之表面之條件(氧化、碎屑)。因 此，藉由量測將沉積物從所修復之表面驅逐所需之剪力來現地測試一冷噴塗沉積物之結合強度的能力將提供用於確保一冷噴塗沉積物之品質之手段作為現場應用之一緩解或修復技術。
作為本發明之一態樣，提供一種用於執行一結構之一表面上之一冷噴塗沉積物之一現地黏貼測試的測試配置。該測試配置包括：一樣品部件，其包括界定於其中之若干孔隙；及一負載配置，其耦合至該樣品部件，該負載配置經構形以對該樣品部件提供一已知量值之一機械力。
該若干孔隙可包括一單個矩形孔隙。該樣品部件可包括一扁平矩形條。該若干孔隙可包括複數個孔隙。該複數個孔隙可配置成一預定圖案。該樣品部件可包括藉由該負載配置之一對應形狀之連接部分接合之一連接部分。該樣品部件可包括藉由該負載配置之一對應形狀之連接部分接合之一連接部分，其中該樣品部件之該連接部分包括具有自該矩形條向上延伸之一負載面的一凸起部分。該負載配置可包括提供該機械力之一機械致動器及判定由該機械致動器提供之該機械力之一測力計(load cell)。該負載配置可包括經結構化以接合該結構之該表面之若干滾子部件。該負載配置可包括經結構化以接合安置成與該結構之該表面相對之該結構之另一表面的若干彈簧負載滾子導件。
作為本發明之另一態樣，提供一種執行一結構上之一冷噴塗沉積物之一現地黏貼測試之方法。該方法包括：相對於該結構之一表面定位諸如先前所描述之一測試配置；將該冷噴塗沉積物沉積於該結構之該表面上；及測試該冷噴塗沉積物至該表面之該黏貼。
將該冷噴塗沉積物沉積於該結構之該表面上可包括：提供 一定量之一冷噴塗材料通過該若干孔隙且至該表面上。提供一定量之一冷噴塗材料通過該若干孔隙且至該表面上可包括：噴塗該一定量之該冷噴塗材料。測試該沉積物至該表面之該黏貼可包括：在實行該測試之前判定該若干孔隙被填充至一預定程度；及對該測試樣品施加一已知機械力直至將該冷噴塗沉積物自該表面去結合。
在參考隨附圖式考量以下描述及隨附發明申請專利範圍之後將變得更明白本發明之此等及其他目的、特徵及特性，以及相關結構元件之操作方法及功能，及零件與製造經濟性之組合，其等之所有形成本說明書之一部分，其中相同元件符號指定各種圖中之對應部分。然而，應明確地理解，圖式僅出於繪示及描述之目的且並不意欲作為本發明之限制之一定義。
10:樣品部件/測試樣品
12:扁平矩形條
14:孔隙
16:連接部分
18:負載配置
20:凸起部分
22:負載面
24:螺紋孔隙
26:連接部分
28:機械力源
30:測力計
32:測試配置
34:滾子部件
36:滾子導件
38:機械力方向
40:冷噴塗噴嘴
42:輸送管/導管
44:冷噴塗材料
46:結構
48:結構
在結合隨附圖式閱讀時可自較佳實施例之以下描述獲得本發明之進一步理解，其中：圖1係根據本發明之一項實例實施例之一樣品部件之一等角視圖；圖2係圖1之樣品部件之一俯視圖；圖3係根據本發明之一項實例實施例之用於執行一冷噴塗沉積物之一現地黏貼測試的一測試配置之一示意圖，該測試配置被展示為在將一塗層施覆至該配置之樣品部件之前相對於待塗佈之一結構定位；圖4係圖3之測試配置之另一示意圖，該測試配置被展示為具有施覆至樣品部件之塗層及施加至樣品之一機械力；圖5係根據本發明之另一實例之用於執行一冷噴塗沉積物 之一現地黏貼測試的一測試配置的一透視圖；圖6係圖5之測試配置之一俯視圖；圖7係圖5之測試配置之一仰視圖；及圖8係根據本發明之一項實例實施例之圖5之測試配置之一前視圖，該測試配置被展示為定位於一結構內之一空間中。
相關申請案之交叉參考
本申請案主張2019年9月19日申請之美國臨時申請案序號62/902,553之權利，該案內容之全文以引用的方式併入本文中。
在以下描述中，在圖式之數個視圖各處，相同元件符號指定相同或對應部分。再者，在以下描述中，應理解，如「向前」、「向後」、「左」、「右」、「向上」、「向下」及類似者之此等術語係方便用語且不應被解釋為限制性術語。如本文中所使用，術語「數目」應用於指代任何非零整數數量，即，一或大於一之任何整數(例如，1、2、3、…)。
圖1及圖2中描繪根據本發明之一項實例實施例之一樣品部件10。樣品部件10可具有許多不同形狀，其中最簡單形狀係諸如圖1及圖2中所展示之一扁平矩形條12。樣品部件10包含界定於其中之若干孔隙14，施覆至樣品部件10之一定量之一冷噴塗沉積物將通過孔隙14而接觸一下層結構之表面，樣品部件10定位於該下層結構上。在圖1及圖2中所展示之實例中，樣品部件10僅包含一單個矩形孔隙14，然而，應瞭解，在不脫離本發明之範疇之情況下，(若干)孔隙14之數量、形狀、圖案、大小、橫截面壁形狀等之一或多者可變化。
繼續參考圖1及圖2，樣品部件10進一步包含用於將樣品部 件10連接至諸如下文結合圖3至圖7所論述之一負載配置18的一連接部分16。在圖1及圖2中所展示之實例中，連接部分16包含具有自矩形條12向上延伸之一負載面22的一凸起部分20。凸起部分可與矩形條12一體地形成或作為經由任何合適配置耦合至矩形條12之一分離部件。凸起部分20及負載面22之此配置藉由負載配置18提供對樣品部件10之一「肩式負載(shoulder-loading)」，如下文進一步論述。凸起部分20可進一步包含界定於其中之用於將負載配置18固定至樣品部件10的一螺紋孔隙24。
樣品部件10可由任何合適材料形成。在一項實例實施例中，樣品部件10已由工具鋼形成以增加壽命且減少冷噴塗之顆粒在樣品部件10上之結合。
現參考圖3及圖4之示意圖，負載配置18包含：一連接部分26，其經結構化以協同接合樣品部件10之連接部分16；一機械力源28，其經結構化以在平行於樣品部件10之一縱軸及一冷噴塗沉積物將施覆至之一結構48之表面之一機械力方向38上提供一機械力(如藉由圖4中之箭頭展示)；及一測力計30，其經定位以量測藉由機械力源28施加至樣品部件10之力。在一項實例實施例中，機械力源28係一機械致動器且測力計30定位於機械力源28與負載配置18之連接部分26之間。
繼續參考圖3及圖4，在使用中，樣品部件10及負載配置18(在本文中統稱為測試配置32)連同用於將一定量之一經冷噴塗材料44供應至樣品部件10上之一合適冷噴塗噴嘴40及合適輸送管/導管42一起插入至一結構(包括元件46及48)中之一間隙或環帶中(例如，在諸如進出一經負載用過燃料罐之兩個同心圓柱體之間的一環帶中，或在一管道之直徑內)。測試配置32經操縱使得樣品部件10及更特定言之界定於其中之若干 孔隙14定位於結構48(其上將施覆冷噴塗材料44)之表面上之一所要位置上。一旦樣品部件10之若干孔隙14相對於冷噴塗材料44將施覆至之結構48以所要定位定位(諸如圖3中所展示)，便可藉由冷噴塗噴嘴40將足夠數量之冷噴塗材料44提供至樣品部件10上，使得在若干孔隙14下方之結構之下層表面經塗佈且若干孔隙14填充有冷噴塗材料44，使得冷噴塗材料44稍微重疊至樣品部件10上(而未進一步重疊至下層上而超出周邊樣品部件10)，諸如圖4中所展示。此可需要在一預程式化路徑中以與施覆實際沉積物相同之速度或間距光柵化或以其他方式移動噴嘴，兩者皆為了完全填充若干孔隙14及確保測試沉積物與實際沉積物之間的一致性。一旦已提供該一定量之冷噴塗材料44，便可將樣品部件10結合至待藉由在若干孔隙14之大小中之冷噴塗材料44之一區域塗佈之結構之下層表面。
在樣品部件10已經由冷噴塗材料44成功結合至下層結構之後，接著對樣品部件10施加一張力以引起沉積物與結構48之表面之界面處的剪應力，直至沉積物發生機械故障(即，將冷噴塗材料44之沉積物自表面之結構去結合)。此力係藉由通常定位於在沉積物所施加至之結構外部之負載配置18及測試配置32之端部處的機械力源28施加。藉由測力計30量測並記錄由機械力源28施加之力。因為若干孔隙14之大小、數量及形狀將控制噴塗沉積物之尺寸及樣品部件10與下層結構之間之相互作用的幾何形狀，所以沉積物之力及橫截面積可用於判定故障時之一剪應力。在此故障已發生之後，若需要另一測試則可自結構移除測試配置32或重新定位測試配置32。
應瞭解，僅實際上測試之區域係在若干孔隙14內部之冷噴塗沉積物與下層基板之間的界面。若干孔隙14上方之過度噴塗對量測無影 響。
圖5至圖8中繪示根據本發明之一項實例實施例之一個測試配置32之一部分之一更詳細實例，其中用諸如先前所利用之對應數字標記先前所描述之部分。測試配置32利用諸如先前所描述之一樣品部件10。負載配置32之連接部分26具有可移除滑動軸承(例如但不限於塑膠或諸如鋁之軟金屬)以容許連接部分26以最小磨損在目標表面上滑行。負載配置18亦包含經定位以幫助使測試樣品10沿著結構之下層表面移動的若干滾子部件34。在圖5至圖8中所繪示之實例中，滾子部件34係容許在不刮擦表面之情況下容易地將樣品部件10定位於目標表面上之球形滾子軸承。負載配置18進一步包含若干滾子導件36，滾子導件36在張力下且經偏置遠離負載配置18以騎坐抵靠(ride against)上覆結構，且因此大體迫使負載配置18之連接部分26及連接至其之樣品部件10與目標表面齊平。張緊滾子導件36可使用若干不同機構完成，但在此實施例中，滾子導件藉由彈簧張力推抵於上覆結構。一冷噴塗噴嘴40及相關進料/控制元件亦可提供為測試配置32之一部分。
雖然已詳細描述本發明之特定實施例，但熟習此項技術者將瞭解，可鑑於本發明之總體教示發展該等細節之各種修改及替代。因此，關於將被給予隨附發明申請專利範圍及其任何及所有等效物之全部廣度之本發明之範疇，所揭示之特定實施例僅意欲為闡釋性的而非限制性的。
在以下實例中陳述本文中所描述之標的物之各種態樣。
實例1-一種用於執行一結構之一表面上之一冷噴塗沉積物之一現地黏貼測試的測試配置，該測試配置包括：一樣品部件，其包括界 定於其中之若干孔隙；及一負載配置，其耦合至該樣品部件，該負載配置經構形以對該樣品部件提供一已知量值之一機械力。
實例2-如實例1之測試配置，其中該若干孔隙包括一單個矩形孔隙。
實例3-如實例1或2之測試配置，其中該樣品部件包括一扁平矩形條。
實例4-如實例1或3中任一項之測試配置，其中該若干孔隙包括複數個孔隙。
實例5-如實例4之測試配置，其中該複數個孔隙配置成一預定圖案。
實例6-如實例1至5中任一項之測試配置，其中該樣品部件包括藉由該負載配置之一對應形狀之連接部分接合之一連接部分。
實例7-如實例3至5中任一項之測試配置，其中該樣品部件包括藉由該負載配置之一對應形狀之連接部分接合之一連接部分，其中該樣品部件之該連接部分包括具有自該矩形條向上延伸之一負載面的一凸起部分。
實例8-如實例1至7中任一項之測試配置，其中該負載配置包括提供該機械力之一機械致動器及判定由該機械致動器提供之該機械力之一測力計。
實例9-如實例1至8中任一項之測試配置，其中該負載配置包括經結構化以接合該結構之該表面之若干滾子部件。
實例10-如實例9之測試配置，其中該負載配置包括經結構化以接合安置成與該結構之該表面相對之該結構之另一表面的若干彈簧負 載滾子導件。
實例11-一種執行一結構上之一冷噴塗沉積物之一現地黏貼測試之方法，該方法包括：相對於該結構之一表面定位諸如技術方案1中所敘述之測試配置；將該冷噴塗沉積物沉積於該結構之該表面上；及測試該冷噴塗沉積物至該表面之該黏貼。
實例12-如實例11之方法，其中將該冷噴塗沉積物沉積於該結構之該表面上包括：提供一定量之一冷噴塗材料通過該若干孔隙且至該表面上。
實例13-如實例12之方法，其中提供一定量之一冷噴塗材料通過該若干孔隙且至該表面上包括：噴塗該一定量之該冷噴塗材料。
實例14-如實例11至13中任一項之方法，其中測試該沉積物至該表面之該黏貼包括：在實行該測試之前判定該若干孔隙被填充至一預定程度；及對該測試樣品施加一已知機械力直至將該冷噴塗沉積物自該表面去結合。
實例15-一種用於執行一結構之一表面上之一冷噴塗沉積物之一現地黏貼測試的測試配置，該測試配置包括：一樣品部件，其包括界定於其中之一孔隙；及一負載配置，其可操作地耦合至該樣品部件，該負載配置經構形以對該樣品部件提供一機械力。
實例16-如實例15之測試配置，其中該樣品部件包括藉由該負載配置之一對應形狀之連接部分接合之一連接部分。
實例17-如實例16之測試配置，其中該樣品部件之該連接部分包括具有一負載面之一凸起部分。
實例18-如實例15至17中任一項之測試配置，其中該負載 配置包括經構形以施加該機械力之一機械致動器及經構形以判定由該機械致動器提供之該機械力之一測力計。
實例19-如實例15至18中任一項之測試配置，其中該負載配置包括經結構化以接合該結構之該表面之若干滾子部件。
實例20-如實例19之測試配置，其中該負載配置包括經結構化以接合安置成與該結構之該表面相對之該結構之另一表面的若干彈簧負載滾子導件。
10:樣品部件/測試樣品
12:扁平矩形條
14:孔隙
16:連接部分
20:凸起部分
22:負載面
24:螺紋孔隙

Claims (20)

  1. 一種用於執行一結構之一表面上之一冷噴塗沉積物之一現地黏貼測試的測試配置，該測試配置包括：一樣品部件，其包括界定於其中之用於允許該冷噴塗沉積物通過其而沉積到該結構之該表面上之若干孔隙；及一負載配置，其耦合至該樣品部件，該負載配置經構形以對該樣品部件提供一已知量值之一機械力。
  2. 如請求項1之測試配置，其中該若干孔隙包括一單個矩形孔隙。
  3. 如請求項1之測試配置，其中該樣品部件包括一扁平矩形條。
  4. 如請求項1之測試配置，其中該若干孔隙包括複數個孔隙。
  5. 如請求項4之測試配置，其中該複數個孔隙配置成一預定圖案。
  6. 如請求項1之測試配置，其中該樣品部件包括藉由該負載配置之一對應形狀之連接部分接合之一連接部分。
  7. 如請求項3之測試配置，其中該樣品部件包括藉由該負載配置之一對應形狀之連接部分接合之一連接部分，其中該樣品部件之該連接部分包括具有自該矩形條向上延伸之一負載面之一凸起部分。
  8. 如請求項1之測試配置，其中該負載配置包括提供該機械力之一機械致動器及判定由該機械致動器提供之該機械力之一測力計。
  9. 如請求項1之測試配置，其中該負載配置包括經結構化以接合該結構之該表面之若干滾子部件。
  10. 如請求項9之測試配置，其中該負載配置包括經結構化以接合安置成與該結構之該表面相對之該結構之另一表面的若干彈簧負載滾子導件。
  11. 一種執行一結構上之一冷噴塗沉積物之一現地黏貼測試之方法，該方法包括：相對於該結構之一表面定位如請求項1之測試配置；將該冷噴塗沉積物沉積於該結構之該表面上；及測試該冷噴塗沉積物至該表面之該黏貼。
  12. 如請求項11之方法，其中將該冷噴塗沉積物沉積於該結構之該表面上包括：提供一定量之一冷噴塗材料通過該若干孔隙且至該表面上。
  13. 如請求項12之方法，其中提供一定量之一冷噴塗材料通過該若干孔隙且至該表面上包括：噴塗該一定量之該冷噴塗材料。
  14. 如請求項11之方法，其中測試該沉積物至該表面之該黏貼包括： 在實行該測試之前判定該若干孔隙被填充至一預定程度；及對該測試樣品施加一已知機械力直至將該冷噴塗沉積物自該表面去結合。
  15. 一種用於執行一結構之一表面上之一冷噴塗沉積物之一現地黏貼測試的測試配置，該測試配置包括：一樣品部件，其包括界定於其中之用於允許該冷噴塗沉積物通過其而沉積到該結構之該表面上之一孔隙；及一負載配置，其可操作地耦合至該樣品部件，該負載配置經構形以對該樣品部件提供一機械力。
  16. 如請求項15之測試配置，其中該樣品部件包括藉由該負載配置之一對應形狀之連接部分接合之一連接部分。
  17. 如請求項16之測試配置，其中該樣品部件之該連接部分包括具有一負載面之一凸起部分。
  18. 如請求項15之測試配置，其中該負載配置包括經構形以施加該機械力之一機械致動器及經構形以判定由該機械致動器提供之該機械力之一測力計。
  19. 如請求項15之測試配置，其中該負載配置包括經結構化以接合該結構之該表面之若干滾子部件。
  20. 如請求項19之測試配置，其中該負載配置包括經結構化以接合安置成與該結構之該表面相對之該結構之另一表面的若干彈簧負載滾子導件。
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