TWI305528B - 9-substituted minocycline compounds - Google Patents
9-substituted minocycline compounds Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- TWI305528B TWI305528B TW093140806A TW93140806A TWI305528B TW I305528 B TWI305528 B TW I305528B TW 093140806 A TW093140806 A TW 093140806A TW 93140806 A TW93140806 A TW 93140806A TW I305528 B TWI305528 B TW I305528B
- Authority
- TW
- Taiwan
- Prior art keywords
- group
- substituted
- pharmaceutically acceptable
- acceptable salt
- alkyl
- Prior art date
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- DYKFCLLONBREIL-KVUCHLLUSA-N minocycline Chemical class C([C@H]1C2)C3=C(N(C)C)C=CC(O)=C3C(=O)C1=C(O)[C@@]1(O)[C@@H]2[C@H](N(C)C)C(O)=C(C(N)=O)C1=O DYKFCLLONBREIL-KVUCHLLUSA-N 0.000 title 1
- -1 tetracycline compound Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 296
- 239000004098 Tetracycline Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 219
- 229960002180 tetracycline Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 218
- 235000019364 tetracycline Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 216
- 229930101283 tetracycline Natural products 0.000 claims abstract description 215
- 229960004023 minocycline Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 208000035143 Bacterial infection Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 208000022362 bacterial infectious disease Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 96
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 68
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 68
- ROSDSFDQCJNGOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N protonated dimethyl amine Natural products CNC ROSDSFDQCJNGOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 53
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 44
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 44
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 42
- 125000000304 alkynyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 41
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 40
- 125000003396 thiol group Chemical class [H]S* 0.000 claims description 39
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims description 33
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 29
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 27
- 125000003282 alkyl amino group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 26
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 21
- OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrazine Chemical compound NN OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000651 prodrug Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 229940002612 prodrug Drugs 0.000 claims description 16
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 125000000449 nitro group Chemical group [O-][N+](*)=O 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 125000004076 pyridyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 11
- 125000004453 alkoxycarbonyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000004457 alkyl amino carbonyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000002704 decyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000002023 trifluoromethyl group Chemical group FC(F)(F)* 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000005036 alkoxyphenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000003806 alkyl carbonyl amino group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000004448 alkyl carbonyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000002915 carbonyl group Chemical group [*:2]C([*:1])=O 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000000392 cycloalkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 9
- 150000001335 aliphatic alkanes Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000002877 alkyl aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 241000124008 Mammalia Species 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003937 drug carrier Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000002433 cyclopentenyl group Chemical group C1(=CCCC1)* 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 5
- BAVYZALUXZFZLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N mono-methylamine Natural products NC BAVYZALUXZFZLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000008194 pharmaceutical composition Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine Chemical compound FF PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000282414 Homo sapiens Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000003973 alkyl amines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000000499 benzofuranyl group Chemical group O1C(=CC2=C1C=CC=C2)* 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000001624 naphthyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940072172 tetracycline antibiotic Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004800 4-bromophenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(*)=C([H])C([H])=C1Br 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001255 4-fluorophenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(*)=C([H])C([H])=C1F 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000636 p-nitrophenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(=C([H])C([H])=C1*)[N+]([O-])=O 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001725 pyrenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000003601 C2-C6 alkynyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims 7
- 125000006552 (C3-C8) cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims 4
- 125000004656 alkyl sulfonylamino group Chemical group 0.000 claims 3
- 125000002490 anilino group Chemical group [H]N(*)C1=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims 3
- 150000005690 diesters Chemical group 0.000 claims 3
- 125000000882 C2-C6 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims 2
- 125000003236 benzoyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C(*)=O 0.000 claims 2
- 235000010290 biphenyl Nutrition 0.000 claims 2
- 239000004305 biphenyl Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 125000006612 decyloxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims 2
- ZNPKAOCQMDJBIK-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrocyanamide Chemical group [O-][N+](=O)NC#N ZNPKAOCQMDJBIK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenylbenzene Natural products C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 125000000229 (C1-C4)alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 125000004169 (C1-C6) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 125000004172 4-methoxyphenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(OC([H])([H])[H])=C([H])C([H])=C1* 0.000 claims 1
- 229920000877 Melamine resin Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 206010036790 Productive cough Diseases 0.000 claims 1
- 125000005276 alkyl hydrazino group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 125000005600 alkyl phosphonate group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 claims 1
- PZYVINVQDNKZQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N dinitrocyanamide Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)N(C#N)[N+]([O-])=O PZYVINVQDNKZQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 125000005567 fluorenylene group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 125000001245 hexylamino group Chemical group [H]N([*])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C(C([H])([H])[H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims 1
- 229960000485 methotrexate Drugs 0.000 claims 1
- VMGAPWLDMVPYIA-HIDZBRGKSA-N n'-amino-n-iminomethanimidamide Chemical group N\N=C\N=N VMGAPWLDMVPYIA-HIDZBRGKSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 125000001820 oxy group Chemical group [*:1]O[*:2] 0.000 claims 1
- 125000003170 phenylsulfonyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=C1)S(=O)(=O)* 0.000 claims 1
- 125000000394 phosphonato group Chemical group [O-]P([O-])(*)=O 0.000 claims 1
- BOLDJAUMGUJJKM-LSDHHAIUSA-N renifolin D Chemical group CC(=C)[C@@H]1Cc2c(O)c(O)ccc2[C@H]1CC(=O)c3ccc(O)cc3O BOLDJAUMGUJJKM-LSDHHAIUSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 210000003802 sputum Anatomy 0.000 claims 1
- 208000024794 sputum Diseases 0.000 claims 1
- 150000003522 tetracyclines Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 51
- FFTVPQUHLQBXQZ-KVUCHLLUSA-N (4s,4as,5ar,12ar)-4,7-bis(dimethylamino)-1,10,11,12a-tetrahydroxy-3,12-dioxo-4a,5,5a,6-tetrahydro-4h-tetracene-2-carboxamide Chemical class C1C2=C(N(C)C)C=CC(O)=C2C(O)=C2[C@@H]1C[C@H]1[C@H](N(C)C)C(=O)C(C(N)=O)=C(O)[C@@]1(O)C2=O FFTVPQUHLQBXQZ-KVUCHLLUSA-N 0.000 abstract description 8
- 206010028980 Neoplasm Diseases 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000014509 gene expression Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 abstract 2
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 62
- 125000004414 alkyl thio group Chemical group 0.000 description 20
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 20
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 19
- 125000001072 heteroaryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 18
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 17
- 125000003983 fluorenyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=2C3=CC=CC=C3CC12)* 0.000 description 17
- 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 17
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 16
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 125000003710 aryl alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 15
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 15
- 125000004644 alkyl sulfinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 13
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 13
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 13
- 125000001769 aryl amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 12
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- UMGDCJDMYOKAJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiourea Chemical compound NC(N)=S UMGDCJDMYOKAJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 125000004390 alkyl sulfonyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 10
- 125000005199 aryl carbonyloxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 10
- 125000000472 sulfonyl group Chemical group *S(*)(=O)=O 0.000 description 10
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 125000005196 alkyl carbonyloxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 9
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 9
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 8
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 125000005194 alkoxycarbonyloxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 8
- 125000005200 aryloxy carbonyloxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 8
- 125000004093 cyano group Chemical group *C#N 0.000 description 8
- 125000005842 heteroatom Chemical group 0.000 description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000001225 therapeutic effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- RSPCKAHMRANGJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiohydroxylamine Chemical group SN RSPCKAHMRANGJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 125000005110 aryl thio group Chemical group 0.000 description 7
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 7
- ACVYVLVWPXVTIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphinic acid Chemical group O[PH2]=O ACVYVLVWPXVTIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
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- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
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- GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QKKXKWKRSA-N Lactose Natural products OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O[C@H]2[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)O[C@@H]2CO)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QKKXKWKRSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
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- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 6
- 125000004658 aryl carbonyl amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 125000000852 azido group Chemical group *N=[N+]=[N-] 0.000 description 6
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/65—Tetracyclines
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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Description
1305528 九、發明說明: 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本申請案主張2_年3月13日申請之美國臨時專利" 案序號60/275,621,發明名稱”9邊取代:曱胺四環素化人 物",及2_年7月7日t請之美國臨時專利申請案㈣ 60/2W580’發明名.稱"9·經取代二甲胺四環素化合物"; 追些申請案均在此併人作為參考。本申請案關於1999年9 月14日申請之美國臨時專利申請案序號6〇/ΐ54,7〇ι ; 2〇〇〇 年3月31日申請之60/193,972 ; 2〇〇〇年3月31日申請之 6〇/193,879 ; 2_年 5 月 15 日申請之 6〇/2()4,158 ; 2_ 年 6月 16曰申請之60/212,030 ;及2000年6月16曰申請之 60/212,471,其全部内容在此併入作為參考。 【先前技術】 四環素抗生素之發展為系統性篩選由世界許多部份收集 之土壤樣本以證明可製造殺菌及/或制菌組合物之微生物 之直接結果。這些新穎化合物首先在〗948年以氯四環素之 名稱引進。2年後,得到氧基四環素。這些化合物之化學 結構之說明證實其類似性且在丨952年提供此組之第三成員 四環素之分析基礎。在先前四環素中不存在環連接甲基之 新穎四環素化合物族在1957年製備且在1967年公開,及二 甲胺四環素在1972年使用。 近來’研究努力已集中在發展在不同治療條件及施藥路 徑下有效之新穎四環素抗生素組合物。亦已調查新穎之四 環素同系物’其可證明等於或比原始製造之四環素化合物 98503.doc 1305528 更有效。實例包括美國專利2,980,584 ; 2,990,331 ; 3,062,717 ; 3,165,53 1 ; 3,454,697 ; 3,557,280 ; 3,674,859 ; 3,957,980 ; 4,018,889 ; 4,024,272 ;及 4,126,680。這些專利為醫藥活性四環素及四環素同系組合 物範圍之代表。 歷史上,在初始發展及引進之後,立即發現四環素對抗 立克次氏體症;許多格蘭陽性及格蘭陰性細菌;及引起腹 股溝淋巴肉芽腫(包括結膜炎)與鸚鵡熱之試劑在藥理上非 常有效。因此,四環素以”廣用”抗生素而眾所周知。隨著 後續建立其活體外抗微生物活性、實驗感染之效果、及藥 理性質,四環素-族快速地廣泛地用於治療目I然而, 四環素廣泛用於大病及小病直接造成對這些抗生素之抗性 之出現,即使是極易感染之共生及病原細菌物種(例如, 肺炎球菌與沙門氏菌屬)。抗四環素生物之發生已一般造 成四環素與四環素同系組合物作為精選抗生素之用途下 【發明内容】 本發明至少部份地關於式!之二甲胺四環素化合物:
1305528 X為 chc(r13y’y)、CR6,r6、s、nr6、或 〇 ; R R R、R與r7各為氫、烧基、烯基、快基、烧 氧基、烧硫基、烧基亞伽基、絲伽基、絲基、芳 烧基、^基 '雜環、雜芳族、或前藥部份; R4為NRf、烷基、烯基、炔基、芳基、羥基、齒素、 或氫; 1^2’、113、1^、1111、與1112各為氫或前藥部份; R5為羥基、氫、硫醇基、烷醯基、芳醯基、烷芳醯基、 芳基、雜芳族、烷基、烯基、炔基、烷氧基、烷硫基、烷 基亞磺醯基、烷基磺醯基 '烷胺基、芳烷基、烷基羰氧 基、或芳基羰氧基; R與R6獨立地為氫、亞甲基、不存在、羥基、鹵素、硫 醇基、烷基'烯基、炔基、芳基、烷氧基、烷硫基、烷基 亞磺醯基、烷基磺醯基、烷胺基、或芳烷基; R9為硝基、烷基、烯基、炔基、芳基、烷氧基、烷硫 基、烷基亞磺醯基、烷基磺醯基、芳烷基、胺基、芳烯 基、芳炔基、硫亞硝基、或-(CHJwNRkcpZJZR93 ; Z為 CR9dR9e、S、NR9b、或 Ο ; Z,為 NR9f、〇、或 S ; R9a、R9b、R9e、R9d、R9e、與R9f各獨立地為氫、醯基、 烧基、細基、快基、烧氧基、烧硫基、烧基亞續醯墓、烧 基磺醯基、烷胺基、芳烷基、芳基、雜環、雜芳族、或前 藥部份; R8為氫、經基、鹵素、硫醇基、烧基、稀基、块基、芳 98503.doc -10- 1305528 基、烷氧基、烷硫基、烷基亞磺醯基、烷基磺醯基、烷胺 基、或芳烷基; R13為氫、經基、烧基、烯基、炔基、烧氧基、烧硫 基、烷基亞磺醯基、烷基磺醯基、烷胺基、或芳烷基; Y’與Y各獨立地為氫、鹵素、羥基、氰素、氫硫基、胺 基、烷基、烯基、炔基、烷氧基、烷硫基、烷基亞磺醯 基、烷基磺醯基、烷胺基、或芳烷基,及其醫藥可受鹽、 酉旨或前藥。 本發明亦至少部份地關於下式(II)之9-經取代二曱胺四 環素化合物:
其中: R4_、R4’_、R7_、與R7"各為烷基;及 R9為吡啶基乙炔基;烯基胺曱醯基;鹵基;烷基丙烯酸 基;萘基;鹵乙醯基;烷基胺曱醯基;環戊基或環戊烯 基;苯并呋喃基;苯基丙酮胺基;曱苯磺醯基胺基;曱氧 基吡啶基;烯胺基;N-第三丁基;第三丁醯胺基;羥基丁 胺基;羥基丙胺基;苯基;硝基苯基;硝基苯基炔基;胺 基苯基;烷氧基苯基;i苯基脲基;氰基苯基;羧基苯 基;醯基苯基;烷基苯基;鹵苯基;烷氧基苯基;羧基烷 98503.doc -11 - 1305528 基苯基;苯基炔基;炔基;烷基甘胺酸乙酯基;苯乙稀 基;嘆吩基;與烷基胺基磷基;及其醫藥可接受鹽、g旨與 前藥。 本發明亦關於使用本發明之二甲胺四環素化合物治療遭 受可使用本發明之二曱胺四環素化合物治療之狀態之病患 之方法。 本發明亦關於包含本發明之二甲胺四環素化合物及醫藥 可接受載劑之醫藥組合物。本發明亦關於使用本發明之二 甲胺四環素化合物製造醫藥劑,例如,治療四環素反應性 狀態之醫藥劑。 發明之詳細說明 本發明至少部份地關於新穎之9_經取代二曱胺四環素化 合物。這些二甲胺四環素化合物可用以治療許多四環素化 合物反應性狀態,如細菌感染與贅瘤,及二甲胺四環素與 四環素化合物之其他一般已知應用,如阻止四環素流失及 基因表現之調整。
本發明至少部份地關於式I之二曱胺四環素化合物: nrtr7"
其中: X為 CHC(R13Y,Y)、CR6’r6、s、NR6、或 〇 . 98503.doc •12- 1305528 R、R4、R4'、R7'、與R7"各為氫、烷基、烯基、炔基、 烷氧基、烷硫基、烷基亞磺醯基、烷基磺醯基、烷胺基、 芳燒基、芳基、雜環、雜芳族、或前藥部份; R4為NR4 R4"、烷基、烯基、炔基、芳基、羥基、鹵素、 或氫; R_2、R3、Rl〇、R11、與Rl2各為氫或前藥部份; R5為羥基、氫、硫醇基、烷醯基、芳醯基、烷芳醯基、 芳基、雜芳族、烷基、烯基、炔基、烷氧基、烷硫基、烷 基亞磺醯基、烷基磺醯基、烷胺基、芳烷基、烷基羰氧 基、或芳基羰氧基; R6與R6’獨立地為氫、亞甲基、不存在、羥基、鹵素、硫 醇基、烷基、烯基、炔基、芳基、烷氧基、烷硫基、烷基 亞磺醯基、烷基磺醯基'烷胺基、或芳烷基; R9為硝基、烷基、烯基、炔基、芳基、烷氧基、烷硫 基、烷基亞磺醯基、烷基磺醯基、芳烷基、胺基、芳烯 基、芳炔基 '硫亞硝基、或-(CH2)〇.3NR9cC(=Z,)ZR9a; Z 為 CR9dR9e ' S、NR9b、或 〇 ; Z'為 NR9f、Ο、或 S ; C、R9b、R9e、R9d、R9e、與R9f各獨立地為氫、醢基、 烷基、烯基、炔基、烷氧基、烷硫基、烷基亞磺醯基、烷 基績醯基、烧胺基、芳烷基、芳基、雜環、雜芳族、或前 藥部份; R8為氫、羥基、鹵素、硫醇基、烷基、烯基、炔基、芳 基、炫氧基、烧硫基、炫*基亞績醯基、烧基項酿基、烧胺 98503.doc -13- 1305528 基、或芳烧基; R13為氫、羥基、烷基、烯基、炔基、烷氧基、烷硫 基、烷基亞磺醯基、烷基磺醯基、烷胺基、或芳烷基; Y'與Y各獨立地為氫、_素、羥基、氰素、氫硫基、胺 基、燒基、埽基、块基、烧氧基、烧硫&、烧基亞績酿 基、烷基磺醯基、烷胺基、或芳烷基,及其醫藥可受鹽、 酯或前藥。 名詞二曱胺四環素化合物指以上之式⑴化合物。在一個 八體實加例中,名詞二曱胺四環素化合物包括其中X為 CR6R6 ; R2、R2’、R5、R6、r6.、r8、r9、R丨。、Rll、與 r12 各為氫;R4為NR4,R4";及R4'、R4"、r7,、與尺7"各為低碳烷 基,例如,f基之化合物。 R9之實例包括經取代與未取代芳基。芳基包括經取代與 未取代雜芳基(例如,呋喃基、咪唑基、苯并苯硫基、苯 并P夫喃基、峻琳基、異峻p林基、苯并二吟β坐基、苯并P号嗤 基、苯并嚓唑基、苯并咪唑基、亞甲二氧基苯基、吲哚 基、嘧吩基、嘧啶基、哌畊基、嘌呤基、哌唑基、噚唑 基、異呤唑基、喑啶基、嘍唑基'異嘧唑基、或去氮嘌呤 基)、經取代或未取代苯基、及具有超過一個芳環之基, 如莕基。 R9之取代基之實例包括但不限於烷基、烯基、!I素、羥 基、烧氧基、烷基羰氧基、烷氧基羰基、芳基羰氡基、烷 氧基羰氧基、芳氧基羰氧基、羧酸基、烷基羰基、烷胺基 Ik基、^烧基胺基纟炭基、烯胺基擬基、烧基幾基、芳基罗炭 98503.doc -14- 1305528 基、乙醯基、烷基、氰基、疊氮基、雜環基、烷芳基、芳 基、及雜芳基。 在特定具體實施例中,經取代苯基之至少一個取代基為 硝基、燒氧基(例如,甲氧基、亞甲二氧基、全氟甲氧 基)、烷基(例如,曱基、乙基、丙基、丁基、或戊基)、乙 酿基、鹵素(例如,氟、氯、溴、或埃)、或胺基(例如,二 烷胺基)。在特定具體實施例中,烷氧基被_化,例如, 全氟甲基。 芳基R9a之實例包括但不限於未取代苯基、對硝基苯 基、對曱氧基苯基、對全氟曱氧基苯基、對乙醯基苯基、 3,5-亞甲二氧基苯基、3,5-二全氟甲基苯基、對溴苯基、 對氣苯基、與對氟苯基。 芳基尺93之其他實例包括經取代與未取代雜環(例如,呋 喃基、味σ坐基、苯并苯硫基、苯并咬喃基、p奎1#基、異p奎 淋基、苯并二崎唑基、苯并4唑基、苯并噻唑基、苯并咪 唑基、亞甲二氧基苯基、吲哚基、噻吩基、嘧啶基、哌畊 基、嗓呤基、底吐基、p比咯D定基、p号哇基、異崎σ坐基、峰 啶基、嘧唑基、異嘧唑基、或去氮嘌呤基)、及經取代或 未取代二芳基,如莕基與苐。 R9a亦可為經取代或未取代烷基,例如,曱基、乙基、 丙基、丁基、戊基等。取代基之包括但不限於i素(例 如,氟、氯、溴、碘等)、羥基、烷氧基(例如,甲氧基、 丁氧基、丙氧基、丁氧基等)、烷基羰氧基、芳基羰氧 基、烧氧基幾氧基、芳氧基数氧基、缓酸基、烧基幾基、 98503.doc -18- 1305528
98503.doc -20- 1305528
>〇yv 亦包括這些化合物之醫藥可接受鹽。本發明之其他化合 物列於表1。 本發明亦至少部份地關於下式之9-經取代二甲胺四環素 化合物:
其中: R4'、R4"、R7'、與R7'’各為烷基;及 R9為吡啶基乙炔基;烯基胺甲酸酯基;鹵基;烷基丙稀 酸基;萘基脲基;鹵乙醯基;烷基胺甲酸酯基;環戊基或 環戊烯基;苯并呋喃基;苯基丙酮胺基;甲苯磺醯基胺 基;甲氧基吡啶基;烯胺基;N-第三丁基;第三丁醯胺 基;經基丁胺基;羥基丙胺基;苯基;硝基苯基;硝基苯 基快基,胺基苯基;_苯基|尿基;烧氧基苯基;氰基苯 基;羧基苯基;醯基苯基;烷基苯基;_苯基;烷氧基苯 基,羧基烧基本基,苯基块基;炔基;燒基甘胺酸乙酯 基,苯乙烯基;嘍吩基;與烷基胺基磷基;及其醫藥可接 受鹽。 名詞”9-經取代二甲胺四環素化合物”包括在9位置具有取 98503.doc 1305528 代基之二甲胺四環素化合物。在另一個具體實施例中,此 化合物為二曱胺四瓖素之衍生物。 在一個具體實施例中’ R9為烯基胺曱酸酯基。具有此R9 取代基之四環素化合物之實例包括9-異丙烯基胺甲酸酯基 二甲胺四環素。 在—個具體實施例中’ r9為吡啶基乙炔基。具有此R9取 代基之四環素化合物之實例包括9-(2^比咬基乙炔基)二甲
胺四環素。 在一個具體實施例中’ R9為鹵基。具有此R9取代基之四 環素化合物之實例包括9_碘二曱胺四環素。 在一個具體實施例中’ r9為烷基丙烯酸基。具有此R9取 代基之四環素化合物之實例包括9-丁基丙烯酸基二曱胺四 環素。 在一個具體實施例中,R9為莕基脲基。具有此R9取代基 之四環素化合物之實例包括9_奈基一甲胺四環素膽。 在一個具體實施例中’ r9為鹵乙醯基。具有此r9取代基 之四環素化合物之實例包括9_亂乙醯基一甲胺四環素ϋ尿。 在一個具體實施例中,r9為烷基胺曱酸酯基。具有此R9 取代基之四環素化合物之實例包括9_新戊基二甲胺四環素 胺甲酸醋。 在一個具體實施例中,R9為環戊基或環戊烯基。具有此 R9取代基之四環素化合物之實例包括9_環戊烯二甲胺四環 素。 在一個具體實施例中,R9為苯并吱喃基。具有此R9取代 -22· 98503.doc 1305528 基之四環素化合物之音 之實例包括9-苯并呋喃基二甲胺四環 素。 在一個具體實施例中, R為本基丙酮胺基。具有此R9取 代基之四環素化合物之音 貫例包括9-(本基丙酮胺基)二甲胺 四環素。 在-個具體實施例中,R9為甲苯績醯基胺基。具有此r9 取代基之四環素化合物之實例包括9_甲苯磺醯基胺基二甲 胺四環素。 在一個具體實施例中,R9為甲氧基吡啶基。具有此R9取 代基之四環素化合物之實例包括9-(2-甲氧基-3-吡啶基)二 甲胺四環素。 在一個具醴實施例中’ r9為烯胺基。具有此R9取代基之 四環素化合物之實例包括9-(Ν·2|-羥基癸-9,-烯基胺基)二甲 胺四環素。 在一個具體實施例中,R9為Ν-第三丁基。具有此R9取代
甘> ΙΒ >化合物之實例包括Ν-第三丁基二甲胺四環素 基之四環IA HC1 鹽。 > / β栌實施例中’ R9為第三丁醯胺基。具有此R9取 在一個具膠只 ,〆者化合物之實例包括9-BOC-NH二甲胺四環 代基之四琢% 素。 在一個具撼實施例中,R9為羥基丁胺基。具有此R9取代 * > #支仆合物之實例包括9-(Ν-2,-經基丁胺基)二曱胺 基之四環素彳13 口 四環素。 士 &曰滅资施例中’ R9為羥基丙胺基。具有此R9取代 在一個具髁只 98503.doc -23- 1305528 基之四環素化合物之實例包括9-(N-3-氯-2-羥基丙胺基)二 甲胺四環素。 在個具體實施例中’ R9為苯基。具有此R9取代基之四 環素化合物之實例包括9-苯基二甲胺四環素HC1鹽及9-對 甲苯基二甲胺四環素。 在一個具體實施例中,R9為硝基苯基。具有此R9取代基 之四環素化合物之實例包括9_(3,_硝基苯基)二曱胺四環 素。 在一個具體實施例中’ R9為硝基苯基炔基。.具有此尺9取 代基之四環素化合物之實例包括9-(4'-硝基苯基乙炔基)二 曱胺四環素。 在一個具體實施例中’ r9為胺基苯基。具有此R9取代基 之四%素化合物之實例包括9-(3-胺基苯基)二曱胺四環 素。 在一個具體實施例中’ R9為鹵苯基脲基。具有此R9取代 基之四環素化合物之實例包括9-(4-氯-2-三氟甲基苯基)二 甲胺四環素脲。 在一個具體實施例中,R9為烷氧基苯基。具有此R9取代 基之四環素化合物之實例包括9-(對曱氡基苯基)二曱胺四 環素、9-(4,-曱氧基苯基)二曱胺四環素 '及9_(3,4_亞曱二 氧基苯基)二甲胺四環素。 在一個具體實施例中,R9為氰基笨基。具有此R9取代基 之四環素化合物之實例包括9-(4、氰基笨基)二甲胺四環 素0 98503.doc -24- 1305528 在一個具體實施例中,R9為羧基烷基苯基。具有此R9取 代基之四環素化合物之貫例包括9-(4'-敌基苯基)二甲胺四 , 環素。 在一個具體實施例中’ R9為醯基苯基。具有此R9取代基 之四環素化合物之實例包括9-(3-甲醯基苯基)二甲胺四環 素。 在一個具體實施例中,R9為烷基苯基。具有此R9取代基 之四環素化合物之實例包括9-(4’-第三丁基苯基)二曱胺四 環素。 在一個具體實施例中’ R9為鹵苯基。具有此R9取代基之 四環素化合物之實例包括9-(3-氯苯基)二甲胺四環素、9-(2’,4,-二氟苯基)二甲胺四環素、9-(3,4-二氟苯基)二曱胺四 環素、9-(4'-氣苯基)二甲胺四環素、9-(3,4-二氯苯基)二曱 胺四環素、及9-(4,-三氟甲基苯基)二甲胺四環素。 在一個具體實施例申,R9為烷氧基苯基具有此R9取代基 之四環素化合物之實例包括9-(3-乙氧基苯基)二T胺四環 素。 在一個具體實施例中,R9為羧基烷基苯基。具有此R9取 代基之四環素化合物之實例包括9-(4-羧基甲基苯基)二甲 胺四環素。 在一個具體實施例中,R9為苯基炔基。具有此R9取代基 之四環素化合物之實例包括9-(苯基乙炔基)二甲胺四環 素、9-(3-羥基苯基乙炔基)二甲胺四環素、9_(對甲苯基乙 炔基)二甲胺四環素、及9-(對甲氧基苯基乙炔基)二甲胺四 98503.doc -25- 1305528 環素。 在一個具體實施例中,R9為炔基。具有此R9取代基之四 環素化合物之實例包括9-乙块基二甲胺四環素、9-(對氟乙 快基)二曱胺四環素、9-(三甲基矽烷基乙炔基)二甲胺四環 素、9-(丙炔基)二甲胺四環素、9-(環己烯基乙炔基)二甲胺 四環素、及9-(卜環己基-1-羥基乙炔基)二甲胺四環素。 在〆個具體實施例中,R9為烷基甘胺酸乙酯基。具有此 R9取代基之四環素化合物之實例包括9-丙基甘胺酸乙酯二 甲胺四環素HC1鹽、及9-甲基甘胺酸乙酯二甲胺四環素。 在一個具體實施例中,R9為苯乙稀基。具有此R9取代基 之四環素化合物之實例包括9-(笨乙烯)二曱胺四環素、9-(4'-氟苯乙烯)二甲胺四環素。 在一個具體實施例中,R9為嚙吩基。具有此R9取代基之 四環素化合物之實例包括9-(2-u塞吩)二曱胺四環素、及9_ (5·-氯-2’-噻吩)二曱胺四環素。 在一個具體實施例中,R9為烷基胺基磷基。具有此反9取 代基之四環素化合物之實例包括9•(對甲氧基苯基胺基填) 二甲胺四環素、及9_(苯基胺基鱗)二甲胺四環素。 【實施方式】 本發明之二甲胺四環素化合物可使用略圖Μ所述之方 法合成。 9-經取代二甲胺四環素可藉以下略圖丨所示之一般方法 合成。 98503.doc -26- 1305528
略圖1 通常’ 9 -經取代一甲胺四淨去儿 ^ 衣素化合物可如略圖2所示, 藉由以硫酸及硝酸鈉處理-甲 心王一甲胺四環素(1A)而合成。生成 產物為9·硝基(1B)—甲胺四環素。然後以氫氣及始觸媒處 理硝基二甲胺四環素化合物產生9_胺基二甲胺四環素化合 物1C。為了合成9-衍生物,以HONO處理9-胺基二曱胺四 環素化合物產生重氮鹽(1D)。鹽可繼而以呈現烯屬烴或7Γ 鍵官能基之許多化合物處理,如烯屬烴、芳基、及炔基 (例如,R9Br),產生9-經取代二甲胺四環素化合物(1E)。 98503.doc 27- 1305528
如略圖3所示,其中R9為胺甲醯基或脲衍生物之本發明 二甲胺四環素化合物可使用以下之協定合成。在酸性條件 下以NaN02處理二曱胺四環素(2A)形成9-硝基二曱胺四環 素(2B)。然後以H2氣體及鉑觸媒處理9-硝基二曱胺四環素 (2B)形成9-胺基二曱胺四環素衍生物(2C)。為了形成脲衍 生物(2E),以異氰酸酯(2D)處理9-胺基二甲胺四環素衍生 物(2C)。為了形成胺曱酸酯(2G),以適當之酸氣酯(2F)反 應2C。 98503.doc -28- 1305528
略圖3 如略圖3所示,其中R9為經雜環(即,噻唑)取代胺基之 本發明二曱胺四環素化合物可使用以上之協定合成。以 Fmoc-異硫氰酸鹽(π)反應9_胺基二f胺四環素(3a)製造經 保護硫脲(3C)。然後將經保護硫脲(3C)去保護產生活性四 環素脲或係四環素硫脲(3D)化合物。以α __酮(3e)反應四 環素硫脲(3D)製造經嘧唑取代9-胺基二甲胺四環素(3F)。
略圖4 如略圖4所示,可將、烯基二甲胺四環素化合物(4八)氫化 形成烷基9-經取代二甲胺四環素化合物(4B)。略圖4敘述以 氫氣及鈀/碳觸媒將9-位置雙鍵選擇性氫化。類似地,亦可 將9-炔基二甲胺四環素氫形成9_烷基二甲胺四環素化合 98503.doc -29- 1305528 物。
略圖5 在略圖5中顯示合成二曱胺四環素化合物之9-位置芳基 衍生物之一般合成略圖。在略圖5中顯示芳基棚酸與蛾二 曱胺四環素化合物之Suzuki偶合。蛾二甲胺四環素化合物 (5B)可藉由在酸性條件下以至少1當量N-碘琥珀醯亞胺 (NIS)處理二曱胺四環素(5 A)而由去曱去氧四環素合成。將 反應驟冷,然後使用此技藝已知之標準技術將生成9-碘二 曱胺四環素(5B)純化。為了形成芳基衍生物,以硼酸(5C) 加碳酸鈉水溶液處理9-碘二曱胺四環素(5B),及以鈀催 化。產物(5D)可藉此技藝已知之方法(如HPLC)純化。其他 之9-芳基二甲胺四環素化合物可使用類似之協地合成。 本發明之9-經取代二甲胺四環素化合物亦可使用Stille交 叉偶合合成。Stille交叉偶合可使用適當之錫試劑(例如, R-SuBu3)及鹵化四環素化合物(例如,9-碘二甲胺四環素) 實行。錫試劑及碘二曱胺四環素化合物可以鈀觸媒(例 98503.doc -30- 1305528 如’ Pd(PPh3)2Cl2或Pd(AsPh3)2Cl2),及視情況地以額外之 銅鹽(例如,Cul)處理。然後使用此技藝已知之技術將生成 化合物純化。
略圖6 本發明之化合物亦可使用Heck型交叉偶合反應合成。如 略圖ό所示,Heck型交叉偶合可使用鹵化四環素化合物(例 如’ 9-埃二甲胺四環素6A)、反應性烯屬烴(6B)或炔屬烴 (6D)、及適當之鈀或其他過渡金屬觸媒實行。然後使用此 技藝已知之技術將生成之9_經取代烯基或9_經取代炔 基(6E)二甲胺四環素化合物純化。 名凋烷基”包括飽和脂族基,其包括直鏈烷基(例如,甲 基、乙基、丙基、丁基、戊基、己基、庚基、辛基、壬 基、癸基等)、分支鏈烷基(異丙基、第三丁基、異丁基 等)、%烷(脂環)基(環丙基、環戊基、環己基、環庚基、 環辛基)、烷基取代環烷基、及環烷基取代烷基。名詞烷 98503.doc 1305528 基更包括以氧、氮、硫、或磷原子取代烴基主幹之一或更 多個碳之烷基。在特定具體實施例中,直鏈或分支鏈烷基 在其主幹具有6或更少個碳原子(例如,直鏈為&_c6,分支 鏈為Cs-C6),而且更佳為4或更少個。同樣地,較佳環烷基 在其環結構具有3-8個碳原子,而且更佳為在環結構具有5 或6個碳原子。名詞Cl_C6包括含丨至6個碳原子之烷基。 此外,名詞烷基包括"未取代烷基"及"經取代烷基",後 者指以取代基取代烴主幹之一或更多個碳上之氫之烷基部 伤。此取代基可包括,例如,烯基、炔基、齒素、羥基、 烷基羰氧基、芳基羰氧基、烷氧基羰氧基、芳氧基羰氧 基、叛酸基、烧基幾基、芳基幾基、烧氧基幾基 '胺基幾 基、烷胺基羰基、二烷胺基羰基、烷硫基羰基、羥基、磷 酸基、膦酸基、次膦酸基、氰基、胺基(包括烷胺基、二 烧胺基、芳基胺基、=芳胺基、與院芳基胺基)、醯基胺 基(包括烷基羰基胺基、芳基羰基胺基、胺甲醯基、與脲 基)、甲脒基、亞胺基、氫硫基、烷硫基、芳硫基、硫羧 酸基、硫酸基、烷基亞磺醯基、磺醯基、胺磺醯基、磺醯 胺基、石肖基、三氟甲基、氰基、疊氮基、雜環基、烧芳 基、或芳族或雜芳族部份。環烷基可更經,例如,上述之 取代基取代。"烷芳基"或"芳烷基”部份為經芳基(例如,苯 基甲基(苄基))取代之烷基。名詞”烷基”亦包括天然與非天 然胺基之側鏈。 名詞"芳基"包括5_與6-員單環芳族基,其可包括〇至4個 雜原子’例如,苯、苯基、,比嘻、南、p塞吩、p塞唾、異 98503.doc -32- 1305528 P塞σ坐、p米σ坐、三嗤、四唾、喊哇、p号唾、異崎c坐、p比0定、 哌畊、嗒畊、與嘧啶等。此外,名詞”芳基”包括多環芳 基,例如,三環,雙環,例如,茶、苯并吟η坐、苯并二崎 β坐、苯并ρ 塞α坐、苯并味。坐、苯并ρ塞吩、亞曱二氧基苯基、 Ρ奎琳、異Ρ奎琳、喑啶、叫丨哚、苯并Ρ失喃、嘌呤、苯并Ρ夫 喃、去氮嘌呤、或啕哚畊。環結構具有雜原子之芳基亦可 稱為’’芳基雜環”、”雜環”、"雜芳基”、或'’雜芳族”。芳族 環可在一或更多個環位置經上述之取代基取代,例如,鹵 素、羥基、烷氧基、烷基羰氧基、芳基羰氧基、烷氧基羰 氧基、芳氧基羰氧基、羧酸基、烷基羰基、烷胺基羰基、 芳烷基胺基羰基、烯胺基羰基、烷基羰基、芳基羰基、芳 烷基羰基、烯基羰基、烷氧基羰基、胺基羰基、烷硫基羰 基、磷酸基、膦酸基、次膦酸基、氰基、胺基(包括烷胺 基、二炫胺基、芳基胺基、二芳胺基、與烧芳基胺基)、 醯基胺基(包括烷基羰基胺基、芳基羰基胺基、胺甲醯 基、與脲基)、曱脒基、亞胺基、氳硫基、烷硫基、芳硫 基、硫叛酸基、硫酸基、烧基亞續酿基、續酿基、胺績酿 基、磺酿胺基、确基、三氟甲基、氰基、疊氮基、雜環 基、烧芳基、或芳族或雜芳族部份。芳基亦可炫融或橋接 脂環或不為芳族之雜環以形成多環(例如,四啉)。 名詞”烯基'’包括長度與可能取代基類似上述烷基之不飽 和脂族基,但是其含至少一個雙鍵。 例如,名詞’’烯基’’包括直鏈烯基(例如,乙烯基、丙烯 基、丁烯基、戊烯基、己烯基、庚烯基、辛烯基、壬烯 98503.doc -33 - 1305528 基、癸烯基等)、分支鏈烯基、環烯(脂環)基(環丙烯基、 環戊烯基、環己烯基、環庚烯基、環辛烯基)、烷基或烯 基取代環烯基、及環烷基或環烯基取代烯基。名詞烯基更 包括以氧、氮、硫、或磷原子取代烴基主幹之一或更多個 碳之烯基。在特定具體實施例中,直鏈或分支鏈烯基在其 主幹具有6或更少個碳原子(例如,直鏈為c^c:6,分支鏈為 c3-c6)。同樣地,環烯基在其環結構具有3_8個碳原子,而 且更佳為在環結構具有5或6個碳原子。名詞c2-C6包括含2 至6個碳原子之烯基。 此外’名詞烯基包括"未取代烯基"及"經取代烯基”,後 者指以取代基取代烴主幹之一或更多個碳上之氫之烯基部 份。此取代基可包括,例如,烷基、炔基、齒素、羥基、 烷基羰氧基、芳基羰氧基、烷氧基羰氧基、芳氧基羰氧 基、羧酸基、烷基羰基、芳基羰基、烷氧基羰基、胺基羰 基、烷胺基羰基、二烷胺基羰基、烷硫基羰基、烷氧基、 磷酸基、麟酸基、次膦酸基、氰基、胺基(包括烧胺基、 二烷胺基、芳基胺基、二芳胺基、與烷芳基胺基)、醯基 胺基(包㈣基㈣絲、芳隸基胺基、胺甲醯基、與 脉基)、甲腺基、亞胺基、氫硫基、烷硫基、芳硫基、硫 缓S夂基石爪^基、烧基亞石黃醢基、績醯基、胺績酿基、石黃 fe胺基硝'基、二氟甲基、氛基、疊氮基、雜環基、烧芳 基、或芳族或雜芳族部份。 名》司炔基包括長度與可能取代基類似上述烧基之不飽 和脂族基,但是其含至少—個三鍵。 98503.doc -34- 1305528 例如’名詞”炔基”包括直鏈炔基(例如,乙炔基、丙块 基、丁炔基、戊炔基、己炔基、庚炔基、辛炔基、壬块 , 基、癸炔基等)' 分支鏈炔基、及環烷基或環烯基取代炔 基。名詞炔基更包括以氧、氮、硫、或磷原子取代烴基主 幹之一或更多個碳之炔基。在特定具體實施例中,直鏈或 、 分支鏈烯基在其主幹具有6或更少個碳原子(例如,直鏈為 - c2-c6,分支鏈為c3_c6)。名詞C2_C6包括含2至6個碳原子 之炔基。 此外,名詞炔基包括”未取代炔基"及”經取代炔基",後 # 者指以取代基取代烴主幹之一或更多個碳上之氫之炔基部 份。此取代基可包括,例如,烷基、炔基、鹵素、羥基、 烷基羰氧基、芳基羰氧基、烷氧基羰氧基、芳氧基羰氧 基、羧酸基、烷基羰基、芳基羰基、烷氧基羰基、胺基羰 基、烷胺基羰基、二烷胺基羰基、烷硫基羰基、烷氧基、 磷酸基、膦酸基、次膦酸基、氰基、胺基(包括烷胺基、 二烷胺基、芳基胺基、二芳胺基、與烷芳基胺基)、醯基 胺基(包括烷基羰基胺基、芳基羰基胺基、胺甲醯基、與 脲基)、甲脒基、亞胺基、氫硫基、烷硫基、芳硫基、硫 羧酸基、硫酸基、烷基亞磺醯基、磺醯基、胺磺醯基、磺 酿胺基、硝基、三氟甲基、氰基、疊氮基、雜環基、烷芳 基、或芳族或雜芳族部份。 除非另有指示碳數,在此使用之”低碳烷基"表示在其主 二 幹結構具有1至5個碳原子之上述烷基。"低碳烯基,,與"低 石厌炔基"具有,例如,2-5個碳原子之鏈長。 98503.doc -35· 1305528 名詞”醯基"包括含醯基(CH3CO-)或羰基之化合物及部 份。名詞經取代醯基π包括其中一或更多個氫原子被以下 取代之酿基,例如,烧基、炔基、鹵素、經基、烧基幾氧 基、芳基羰氧基、烷氧基羰氧基、芳氧基羰氧基、羧酸 基、炫基獄基、芳基数基、烧氧基幾基、胺基幾基、烧胺 基裁基、二烧胺基幾·基、娱*硫基幾基、烧氧基、鱗·酸基、 膦酸基、次膦酸基、氰基、胺基(包括烷胺基、二烷胺 基、芳基胺基、二芳胺基、與烧芳基胺基)、酿基胺基(包 括烷基羰基胺基、芳基羰基胺基、胺曱醯基、與脲基)、 曱脒基、亞胺基、氫硫基、烷硫基、芳硫基、硫羧酸基、 硫酸基、烷基亞磺醯基、磺醯基、胺磺醢基、磺醯胺基、 硝基、三氟甲基、氰基、疊氮基、雜環基、烷芳基、或芳 族或雜芳族部份。 名詞’'醯基胺基’'包括其中醯基部份鍵結至胺基之部份。 例如,此名詞包括烷基羰基胺基、芳基羰基胺基、胺甲醯 基、及脱基。 名詞'’芳醯基”包括具有鍵結至羰基之芳基或雜芳族部份 之化合物及部份。芳醯基之實例包括苯基羧基、萘基羧基 等。 名詞”烷氧基烷基”、”烷胺基烷基”及"硫烷氧基烷基”包 括更以氧、氮、硫、或磷原子取代烴基主幹之一或更多個 碳之上述烧基,例如,氧、氮或疏原子。 名詞’’烷氧基”包括共價地鍵聯至氧原子之經取代與未取 代烷基、烯基、與炔基。烷氧基之實例包括甲氧基、乙氧 98503.doc -36- 1305528 基、異丙氧基、丙氧基、丁氧基、與戊氧基。經取代烷氧 基之實例包括鹵化烷氧基。烷氧基可經如烯基、炔基、鹵 素、羥基、烷基羰氧基、芳基羰氧基、烷氧基羰氧基、芳 氧基羰氧基、羧酸基、烷基羰基、芳基羰基、烷氧基羰 基、胺基羰基、烷胺基羰基、二烷胺基羰基、烷硫基羰 基、烷氧基、磷酸基、膦酸基、次膦酸基、氰基、胺基 (包括烷胺基、二烷胺基、芳基胺基、二芳胺基、與烷芳 基胺基)、醯基胺基(包括烷基羰基胺基、芳基羰基胺基、 胺曱醯基、與脲基)、曱脒基、亞胺基、氫硫基、烷硫 基、芳硫基、硫羧酸基、硫酸基、烷基亞磺醯基、磺醯 基、胺項酿基、績酿胺基、石肖基、二氟曱基、氣基、璺氮. 基、雜環基、烷芳基、或芳族或雜芳族部份。函素取代烷 氧基之實例包括但不限於氟甲氧基、二氟曱氧基、三氟甲 氧基、氯甲氧基、二氯甲氧基、三氯甲氧基等。 名詞”胺"或”胺基”包括其中氮原子共價地鍵結至至少一 個碳或雜原子之化合物。名詞"烷胺基”包括其中氮鍵結至 至少一個額外烷基之基及化合物。名詞”二烷胺基”包括其 中氮鍵結至至少兩個額外烷基之基。名詞"芳基胺基’’及” 二芳基胺基"包括其中氮各鍵結至至少一或兩個芳基之 基。名詞"烷基芳基胺基”、”烷胺基芳基''或"芳基胺基烷基 ”指鍵結至至少一個烷基與至少一個芳基之胺基。名詞"烷 胺基烷基”指鍵結至氮原子(其鍵結至烷基)之烷基、烯基、 或炔基。 名詞”醯胺”或”胺基羰基”包括含鍵結至羰基或硫羰基之 98503.doc -37- 1305528 碳之氮原子之化合物或部份。此名詞包括”烷胺基羰基”或 烷胺基羰基”,其包括鍵結至胺基(其鍵結至羰基)之烷 基、烯基、芳基或炔基。其包括芳基胺基羰基,其包括鍵 結至胺基(其鍵結至羰基或硫羰基之碳)之芳基或雜芳基部 份。名詞"烷胺基羰基π、π烯胺基羰基π、”炔胺基羰基"、π 芳基胺基羰基”、’'烷基羰基胺基”、”烯基羰基胺基”、"炔 基羰基胺基”、及π芳基羰基胺基"包括於名詞”醯胺”。醯胺 亦包括脉基(胺基徵基胺基)及胺甲酿基(氧基叛基胺基)。 名詞’'羰基'’或”羧基"包括含一個連接鍵結至氧原子之雙 鍵之碳之化合物及部份。含羰基之部份之實例包括醛、 酮、羧酸、醯胺、酯、酐等。 名詞”硫羰基"或”硫羧基”包括含連接鍵結至硫原子之雙 鍵之碳之化合物及部份。 名詞”醚π包括含鍵結至2個不同碳原子或雜原子之氧之 化合物及部份。例如,此名詞包括”烷氧基烷基π,其指共 地鍵結至氧原子(其共價地鍵結至另一個烷基)之烷基、烯 基或炔基。 名詞”酯”包括含鍵結至氧原子(其鍵結至碳或羰基)之碳 或雜原子之化合物及部份。名詞”醋”包括烷氧基羧基,如 甲氧基羰基、乙氧基羰基、丙氧基羰基、丁氧基羰基、戊 氧基羰基等。烷基、烯基或炔基如上所述。 名詞π硫醚π包括含鍵結至2個不同碳或雜原子之硫原子 之化合物及部份。硫醚之實例包括但不限於烷硫烷基、烷 硫烯基、與烷硫炔基。名詞”烷硫烷基"包括具有鍵結至硫 98503.doc -38- 1305528 原子(其鍵結至烷基)之烷基、烯基、或炔基之化合物。類 似地,名詞〃烷硫烯基”與”烷硫炔基”指其中烷基、烯基、 或炔基鍵結至硫原子(其共價地鍵結至炔基)之化合物及部 份。 名詞”經基hydroxy"或”經基hydroxyl”包括具有-OH-或 -0-之基。 名詞π鹵素”包括氟、溴、氯、碘等。名詞π全鹵化’通常指 其中所有之氫被鹵素原子取代之部份。 名詞”多環基”或”多環基團"指其中二或更多個碳原子為2 個結合環共有之二或更多環形環(例如,環烷基、環烯 基、環炔基、芳基及/或雜環基),例如,環為”熔融環”。 經不相鄰原子結合之環稱為”橋接”環。多環之各環可經上 述取代基取代,例如,_素、羥基、烷基羰氧基、芳基羰 氧基、烷氧基羰氧基、芳氧基羰氧基、羧酸基、烷基羰 基、芳基羰基、烷氧基羰基、烷胺基羰基、芳烷基羰基、 烯基羰基、胺基羰基、烷硫基羰基、烷氧基、磷酸基、膦 酸基、次膦酸基、氰基、胺基(包括烷胺基、二烷胺基、 芳基胺基、二芳胺基、與烷芳基胺基)、醯基胺基(包括烷 基幾·基胺基、芳基幾·基胺基、胺曱酿基、與月尿基)、甲脉 基、亞胺基、氫硫基、烷硫基、芳硫基、硫羧酸基、硫酸 基、烧基亞績酿基、績醯基、胺續醯基、續醯胺基、硝 基、三氟甲基、氰基、疊氮基、雜環基、烷芳基、或芳族 或雜芳族部份。 名詞”雜原子”包括碳或氫以外任何元素之原子。較佳之 98503.doc -39- 1305528 雜原子為氮、氧、硫、及填。 名詞”前藥部份”包括可活體内新陳代謝成為羥基之部 份’及可活體内有利地保持酯化之部份。較佳為,前藥部 份藉醋酶或藉其他機構活體内新陳代謝成為羥基或其他有 利之基。前藥之實例及其用途在此技藝為已知的(例如, 參見 Berge 等人(1977)之"Pharmaceutical Salts",J. Pharm
Sci. 66 : 1-19)。前藥可在化合物之最終隔離及純化時原位 製備,或藉由分離地以適當之酯化劑反應自由酸形式之純 化化合物而製備。羥基可經由以羧酸處理轉化成為酯。前 藥部份之實例包括經取代與未取代分支或不分支低碳烷酯 部份(例如,丙酸酯)、低碳烯酯、二低碳烷胺基單碳烷酯 (例如’二曱胺基乙酯)、醯基胺低碳烷酯(例如,乙醯氧基 甲酯)、醯氧基低碳烷酯(例如,三曱基乙醯氧基甲酯)、芳 酉曰(笨Sg )、芳基低;6戾烧酯(例如,芊酯)、經取代(例如,以 甲基、齒、或甲氧基取代基)芳基與芳基低碳烷酯、醯 胺、低碳烷基醯胺、二低碳烷基醯胺、及羥基醯胺。較佳 之前藥部份為丙烯酸酯及醯基酿。 應注意,一些本發明四環素化合物之結構包括不對稱碳 原子口此亦應了解,除非另有所述,由此不對稱造成之 異構物(例如,所有之鏡像異構物與非鏡像異構物)包括於 本發明之範圍内。此異構物可藉古典分離技術及藉立體控 制。成以貫質上純形式得到。此外,纟巾請案討論之結構 及其他化合物與部份亦包括其互變異構物。 本务明#關於治療病患t四環素反應性狀態之方法,其 98503.doc 1305528 藉由對病患施以有效量之本發明二甲胺四環素化合物(例 如,式⑴或表i所示之化合物),使得治療四環素 狀 態。 名詞"四環素化合物反應性狀態"包括可藉由施以本發明 之二甲胺四環素化合物而治療、預防、或改善之狀態。四 環素化合物反應性狀態包括細菌感染(包括抗其他四環素 化合物者)、癌症、糖尿病、及已發現四環素化合物為活 性之其他狀態(例如,參見美國專利5,789,395 ; 5,834,45G,及5,532,227)。本發明之化合物可用以預防或 控制重要哺乳動物及獸醫疾病,如腹瀉、尿道感染、皮膚 與皮膚結構感染、耳鼻喉感染、傷口感染、乳腺炎等。此 外,亦包括使用本發明之四環素化合物治療贅瘤之方法 (van der Bozert 等人之 Cancer Res,判· 6686 669〇 (1988))。對於特定之四環素反應性狀態,希望具有極少或 無抗菌活性之本發明之四環素化合物。 細菌感染可㉟由廣泛種類之格蘭陽性與格蘭陰性細菌造 成。本發明之化合物可作為對抗抗其他四環素化合物之生 物之抗生素。本發明四環素化合物之抗生素活性可使用實 例2討論之方法,或使用Waitz,JA•之Nati〇nal c〇mmissi〇n for Clmucal Laboratory Standards,Document M7-A2,第 ι〇 卷’第8期,第13·20頁,第2版,則抓議,pA(199〇)之活 體外標準肉汁稀釋法測定。 二甲胺四環素化合物亦可用以治療傳統上以四環素化合 物治療之感染,例如,立克次氏體症;許多格蘭陽性與格 98503.doc 41 1305528 蘭陰性細菌;及引起腹股溝淋巴肉芽腫(包括結膜炎)與鹤 鵡熱之試劑。此四環素化合物可用以治療,例如,κ.
pneumoniae、Salmonella、E. hirae、A. baumanii、B
catarrhalis、H. influenzae ' P. aeruginosa、E. faecium、E coli、S. aureus、或E. faecalis。在一個具體實施例中,此 四環素化合物用以治療抗其他四環素抗生素化合物之細菌 感染。本發明之二甲胺四環素化合物可隨醫藥可接受載劑 施藥。 名詞”有效量 , w 1 "丨而% \从/口符r从TO丨万四環素 化合物反應性狀態之量。有效量視如病患之大小與重量、 疾病5L式、或特疋之二曱胺四環素化合物之因素而定。例 如,選擇之二曱胺四環素化合物可影響組成,,有效量"者。 熟悉此技藝者可研究上述因素及無需不當之實驗決定二甲 月女四環素化合物之有效量。 本發明亦關於對抗微生物感染及伴隨疾病之治療方法。 此方法包括對病患施以有效量之一或更多種二曱胺四環素 病患可為植物’或有利地為動物,例如,哺乳動 物例如,人類。 上t:明之治療方法中’-或更多種本發明之二,胺四 :為混:ΪΙ:獨對病患施藥,或更常為本發明之化合物 所需施二::Γ適合非經腸胃、口服、或其他 之醫藥可接受有心Γ㈣化合物反獻對其接受者無害 份而施藥。 或…機栽劑物質)之醫藥組合物之—部 98503.doc -42· 1305528 本發明亦關於包含户瘩古4 + 卜主、w从 3〜療有效置之二〒胺四環素化合物, 視知況地及醫藥可接受載劑之醫藥組合物。 名詞,,醫藥可接受载劑”包括可與二甲胺四環素化合物丑 :施樂且使兩者表現其意圖功能(例★…台療或預防四環 素反應性狀態)之物質。適當之醫藥可接受載劑包括伸不 限於水、鹽溶液、醇、蔬菜油、聚乙二醇、明膠、乳糖、 直鍵殿粉、硬脂酸鎂、滑石、料、黏性㈣烴、香料 油、脂肪酸單甘油酉旨與二甘油西旨、石油鍵脂肪酸醋、經甲 基纖維素、聚乙烯基咐略咬酮等。可將醫藥製品滅菌,而 且如果需要’混合不有害地反應本發明之活性化合物之辅 助試劑’例如,潤滑劑、防腐劑、安定劑、濕潤劑、乳化 劑、影響渗透壓之鹽、緩衝劑、著色劑、香料及/或芳香 物質等。 本性為鹼性之本發明二甲胺四環素化合物可與各種無機 酸及有機酸形成廣泛種類之鹽。可用以製備本性為鹼性之 本發明四環素化合物之醫藥可接受酸加成鹽之酸為形成非 毒性酸加成鹽者,即,含醫藥可接受陰離子,如氫氣酸 鹽、氫溴酸鹽、氳碘酸鹽、硝酸鹽、硫酸鹽、硫酸氫鹽、 磷酸鹽、酸式磷酸鹽、異菸蠄酸鹽、乙酸鹽、乳酸鹽、柳 酸鹽、檸檬酸鹽、酸式檸檬酸鹽、酒石酸鹽、泛酸鹽、酒 石酸氫鹽、抗壞血酸鹽、琥珀酸鹽、順丁烯二酸鹽、龍膽 酸鹽、反丁烯二酸鹽、葡萄庚酸鹽、葡萄糖二酸鹽、曱酸 鹽、苯甲酸鹽、麩胺酸鹽、甲烷磺酸鹽、乙烷績酸鹽、笨 磺酸鹽、對曱苯磺酸鹽、及軟脂酸鹽[即,1 , i L亞甲基_家 98503.doc -43· 1305528 茶酸鹽)]。雖然為了對病患施藥,例如,人類, 此鹽必須醫藥可接受,^人類, 1本發明之四環素化合物成為醫藥不可接受鹽,然後_ 由以鹼性試剤處理將後者簡 曰 而蔣尨早也轉化成自由鹼化合物,繼 而將後者自由鹼轉化成醫藥 合物之酸加成鹽藉由在水性溶2=二發明驗化 劑中,如甲醇或乙醇,以實質上等有機溶 辛化:ΓΓ上實驗部份並未特別地敘述之本發明四環 ::::之製備可使用上述反應之組合完成,其對熟悉此 技#者為顯而易知的。 ...... 严ΐΓίΓ驗部份並未特別地敘述之本發明其他二甲胺四
:技‘:之製備可使用上述反應之組合完成,其對熟* 此技藝者為顯而易見的。 t W 本性為酸性之本發明二甲 類之驗鹽。可用於製備形成廣泛種 於人私“本性為酸性之本發明二甲胺四環素 口之醫樂可接受驗鹽的試劑之化學驗為與此化合物形 成非毋錢鹽者。此非毒性驗鹽包括但不 可接受陽離子者,如鹼 丁生自醫樂 金屬陽雛+心鹼金屬%離子(例如,鉀與鈉)及鹼土 甲:如,與镇),敍或水溶性胺加成鹽,如N_ 葡女(匍甲胺)’及低碳烷醇銨與 之其他驗鹽。本性為酸性之本發明四 :又有機胺 β四彡衣素化合物之醫筚可 :焚=鹽可與醫藥可接受陽離子藉習知方:、 此’这些鹽可藉由以所需醫藥可接受陽離子之水溶液處理 98503.doc -44- 1305528 本發明之四j萝去 基發至,而且較佳為在⑽下將生成溶液 …赞至乾而易於製備。 之低碳烷醇溶液可I甲胺四環素化合物 蒸發至乾。 此口斤需金屬之烷氧化物’繼而將溶液 :以上實驗部份並未特別地敘述 環素化合物之製備可使用上述反庫之么且人1他:甲'四 此技藝者為顯而易知的。 、、且5元成,其對熟悉 之-甲月女四環素化合物及其醫藥可接受鹽可經口 服、非經腸胃或局部路徑 逋*,視被治療病患之 董3:與病況及選擇之牯 .士 擇之特疋轭樂路徑而定,最希望這歧化合 物以有效劑量施藥 一1G 口 、 /α療病患之病患類別及其對醫藥 劑之個別反應,及選擇之醫華 酱、 诸樂調配物型式與進行施藥之時 間與間隔而發生變化。 本發明之醫樂組合物可覃猫出細人廿 旱獨或、、且δ其他已知之對症串 (例如,哺乳動物)治療四環素 ▲ 衣I汉應性狀悲組合物而施藥。 較佳哺乳動物包括寵物(例如 、 (例如1田、狗、雪紹等)、農場動 物(牛、羊、豬、馬、山至锺、 — 勹山平等)、實驗室動物(例如,野鼠、 豕鼠、猴子等)、及靈長類(H雅媒 π頌I黑猩猩、人類、大猩猩)^名詞 •’組合”已知組合物意圖肖乜円生 口匕括冋時將本發明組合物與已知组 合物施藥,首先將本發明組合物 初糧而將已知組合物施藥, 及首先將已知組合物繼而蔣太双/人, 肉將本發明組合物。此技藝已治療 四環素反應性狀態之任何ρ I έΒ X n m ’ 1J m療組合物可用於本發明之方 法。 本發明之二曱胺四環素化合物可藉前述之任何路徑,單 9B503.doc -45· 1305528 獨或組合醫藥可接总 接又載劑或稀釋劑施藥,而j #鏃了 或多劑量進行。你丨4 ^ 而且把樂可以單 仃例如,本發明之新穎治療劑可古μ& 泛種類之不同劑量形式施藥,即,其可以=有利地以廣 劑、錠劑、硬糖、、 朱歧、膠囊、菱 糖私末、喷劑、乳霜 凍、凝膠、漿料、、出食 骨栓劑、果 眾料、洗劑、膏藥、水性懸 液、藥水、糖漿等形式組合各種醫藥載:射溶 載劑包括固態稀釋劑或填料、無菌水、::心此 性有機溶劑等。此外,口服醫藥組 =各種非毒
或調味。通常,太狢00 ,, 物了適虽地甜化及/ 發月之療有效化合物以範 至約70重量比之濃产 把圍為約5.0% 辰度程度存在於此劑量形式中。 對於口服施Μ,m & 、 3如微晶纖維素、檸檬酸鈉 ^ 酸鈣、磷酸二鈣、盥甘仵彳豕馱鈉、奴 分解劑,如殺粉(而且較 銳及各種 海藻酸、與特定之複合矽 一薯叔)、 基心各。定酮、谭糖、… 黏合劑,如聚乙稀 庶、糖、明膠與阿拉伯膠。此外 鎂、月桂硫酸鈉盥滑石之刊 更月曰酸 用^石L劑對於製鍵目的 用。類似形式之固態組合物亦可作為明㈣囊中之 關於此點之較佳材料亦包括乳糖或奶糖及高分子量聚:二 知。在為了口服施藥而希望水性懸浮液及/或藥水時,活 !生成刀可組合各種甜化或調味劑、著色物質或染料,如果 需要,及乳化及/或懸浮劑,及稀釋劑,如水 二醇' 甘油及其各種組合。 對於非經腸胃施藥(包括腹臈下、皮下、靜脈、腦下、 或肌下注射)’可使用本發明治療化合物於芝麻或花生油 98503.doc 46, 1305528 或於丙二醇水溶液之溶液。如果 果而要,水溶液應適當地缓 衝(較佳為pH大於8),而且首异 无使液態稀釋劑等滲壓。这 些水溶液適合靜脈注射目的。喃 ° 扪油狀溶液適合心臟内、肌下 及皮下注射目的。在無菌條件下淘 + 干卜裴備所有這些溶液易於藉 热悉此技者已知之標準醫藥技術完成…非經 用,適當裝品之實例包括溶液,較佳為油或水溶液,及懸 浮液、乳液、或移植物,句# h '' 包括栓劑。治療化合物可以多或 單劑量式以滅菌形式調配,如分 ’ ^ 、 刀放於注射常用之無菌生理 艮鹽水或5%鹽水糊精溶液之流體栽劑中。 此外’在治療皮膚之發炎病況時,亦可將本發明之化合 物局部地施藥。局部施藥方法之實例包括腦内 舌下應用。對於局部應用 Λ ^ ,口療化合物可適當地混合醫藥 ‘I·月性局部載劑,如凝膠、膏華 ” ^ , 樂洗劑或乳霜。此種局部载 劑包括水、甘油、醇、丙二 予月曰肪醇、三甘油醋、脂 酸醋、或礦物油。其他可自,夕a 4 田®日細肪 r…… 部載劑為液態石蠛脂、軟 月日酉夂異丙酉日、聚乙二醇、乙 ^ 子y5 /〇聚乙二醇單月桂酸酯 5%於水中、月桂基硫酸鈉 a不甲寺。此外,如果雷 要,亦可加入如抗氧化劑、 料。 濕潤劑、黏度安定劑等之材 對於腸内應用,特別適入 ^ 口為,、有h石及/或碳水化合物 載劑黏合劑等之藥錠、糖球 ,,τ ^ ,ΗΛ . „ 飞膠曩,載劑較佳為乳糖及/ 或玉未板柘及/或馬鈐薯澱粉。 之糖漿、藥水等。可調配拉掩-吏用甜化媒液 5…、π釋放組合物,包括其令活性 成分以不同降解塗層徉崔 層保4者,例如,藉微封包、多重塗層 98503.doc -47- 1305528 等。 法亦具有顯著之獸 如牛、I 平、山羊、 火雞等;馬.n 馬’及寵 用以治療非動物病 除了治療人類病患,本發明之治療方 醫應用,例如,用於食用動物之治療, 乳牛、豬等;家禽,如雞、鴨、鵝、 物,如狗與貓。本發明之化合物亦可 患’如植物。 應了解,用於特定治療之活性化合物之實際 =特定化合物、調配之特定組合物、應用模式、施; 之特定位置等而不同。料施藥Μ之最適施藥速率= 熟悉此技藝者使„於以上之指引進行之習知劑 驗而確定。 & a 通常’本發明之治療化合物可以用於先前四環素治療之 劑量對病患施藥。例如,參見physician,s w eference例如’ _或更多種本發明化合物之適當有效劑 里為每日每厶斤接党者體重〇 〇1至^ 毫克之範圍,較佳 為每日每公斤接受者體重Q1至5()毫克之範圍,更佳為每 曰每公斤接受者體重丨至扣毫克之範圍。所需劑量適當地 每曰施薬_人,或全日或其他適當之行程以適當之間隔施 藥數份次劑量,例如,2至5份次劑量。 亦應了解通常關於二甲胺四環素施藥之正常、習知注意 事項’以確定其在正常使用情況下之功效。特別是用於人 類及動物之活體内治療時,從業者應敏銳地注意以避免習 知收縮及毒性影響。因此,應以習知方式適當地考慮腸痛 舆發炎之習知承認負反應、腎臟毒素、高感反應、血液變 98503.doc -48- 1305528 化'及因鋁、鈣、與鎂離子吸收之損害。 在:個具體實施例中,本發明之二甲胺四環素化合物不 包括吳國專利中請案序號G9/823,884所述者,其在此併入 作為參考。 此外’本發明亦關於式樓π之二甲胺四環素化合物對於 醫樂劑製備之用途。此醫藥劑可包括醫藥可接受載劑及有 放里之—甲&四&素化合物,例如,治療四環素反應性狀 態之有效量。 發明之例示 本發明之化合物如下所述而製造,熟悉此技藝者可修改 以下之步驟。 實例1 :本發明之二曱胺四環素化合物之製備 9-碘二甲胺四環素之劁齊 在周溫將[30克;56.56 mM]二甲胺四環素貳鹽酸鹽分批 加入200毫升之97%甲烷磺酸。然後在周溫攪拌暗黃棕色 溶液,同時經3.0小時時間加入6等份[38克;169 7 mM] ν· 磁琥站醯亞胺。反應經分析LC監測,注意原始消失。 將反應緩慢地驟冷至2公升含[17.88克 硫酸鈉之快速攪拌冰冷水中。此驟冷在周溫攪拌約3〇分 鐘。然後在水層倒入300毫升含[259.8克;3〇8M]碳酸氫鈉 之正丁醇前,水層以6x 200毫升乙酸乙酯萃取。將相分離 且水層以4 X 250毫升正丁醇萃取。有機部份組合且以3 χ 250毫升水清洗及以250毫升飽和鹽水清洗一次。生成有機 相在低壓下減少至乾。將殘渣懸浮在曱醇(〜6〇〇毫升),而 98503.doc •49- 1305528 且將無水HC1氣體吹氣至此混合物中直到發生μ。此溶 液在低壓下減少至乾。濾液在低壓下減少至乾。生成材料 與300毫升甲基第三丁基醚磨碎且經過濾隔離。材料再溶 於300毫升甲醇且以Q.5克木炭處理,過據且據液在低壓下 減少至乾。材料再度在甲基第三丁基醚下粉化,經吸濾隔 離且以更多醚最後為己烷清洗。將材料真空乾燥產生U 6 克之淺黃棕色粉末。 I,備9 -快基一甲胺四環素化合物之一辦舟畔_ 將1毫莫耳9-碘二曱胺四環素、5〇毫克肆三苯膦鈀鹽、 12毫克乙酸鈀、32毫克碘化銅⑴溶解/懸浮在1〇毫升乙 腈。加入2至5毫升三乙胺及3至5毫莫耳炔衍生物。反應混 合物在周溫至70 C之間劇烈地攪拌。反應時間為2_24小 %。在反應元成時,暗色懸浮液經矽藻土床過濾及濃縮。 粗產物藉製備性HPLC純化。將組合部份濃縮且溶於丨毫升 曱醇。加入3毫升HC1飽和甲醇,及產物以醚沉澱。 皇備9 -方基=甲胺四環素化合物之一船步輝 將0_15毫莫耳9-碘二曱胺四環素、pd〇Ac(3 2毫克)、229 微升2M NazCOs、及2當量苯基硼酸溶解/懸浮在1〇毫升甲 醇。反應燒瓶以氬沖洗且反應進行最少4小時或直到HPLC 監測顯示原料消耗及/或產物出現。懸浮液經矽藻土過 濾,及再二乙烯苯管柱上接受製備性HPLC純化。 化合物OU(9_-J4-三氟曱氡某笑篡-某、甲篡二甲胗四瑷素) 98503.doc •50· 1305528
略圖7 在25 C將150毫克(0.25毫莫耳)9-甲胺基二曱胺四環素三 鹽酸鹽與67毫升(0.50毫莫耳)三乙胺加入3毫升二甲基曱醯 胺。攪拌加入75毫升(〇_50毫莫耳)4-三氟甲氧基苯基異氰 酸酯且生成反應混合物在25 t攪拌2小時。反應藉分析 HPLC監測(4.6 X 50毫米逆相Luna C18管柱,5分鐘線性梯 度1-100%B緩衝液,A緩衝液為具有〇·ι%三氟乙酸之水,B 緩衝液為具有0.1 %三氟乙酸之乙腈)。完成時,反應以i毫 升水驟冷且以濃HC1將pH調整至約2.0。將溶液過渡且化合 物藉製備性HPLC純化。化合物OU之產率為64毫克(產率 37%)。化合物OU之純度以LCMS(M+1=690)測定為95%。 化合物LArQ-M·-#某茉基)二甲胺四璟素)
98503.doc 1305528 略圖8 將9-碘二甲胺四環素[500毫克;〇 762毫莫耳]貳HC1鹽、 乙酸鈀(11)[ 17.2毫克;0.076毫莫耳]與1〇毫升試劑級甲醇 置於乾淨乾耜反應容器中。立即以氬流授拌沖洗溶液约5 仝鐘。使反應谷态至回流且經針筒循序加入2M碳酸鉀溶 液[1.91¾升,3.81亳莫耳],繼而為對羧基苯硼酸[238.3毫 克,1.53毫莫耳]於5毫升試劑DMF之溶液。這些溶液均先 以氬氣脫氣約5分鐘。將反應加熱45分鐘,經逆相HpLC監 测進度。反應經矽藻土墊吸濾且以DMF清洗墊。濾液在真 空下減少成油且殘渣以第三丁基甲基醚處理。粗材料在 DVB上利用水及含!·〇%三氟乙酸之甲醇/乙腈之梯度經逆 相HPLC純化。藉質譜證實產物:實測Μ+1 578·58 ;結構 以1Η NMR確認。 實例2 :活體外最小抑制澧磨(Mien檢鹼 使用以下檢驗測定二甲胺四環素化合物對抗常見細菌之 功效。將2毫克之各化合物溶於1〇〇微升DMS〇。然後將溶 液加入經陽離子調整Mueller Hint〇n肉汁(CAmHB),其造 成每毫升200毫克之最終化合物濃度。將二甲胺四環素化 合物溶液稀釋成50毫升體積,其具有_〇98微克/毫升之試驗 化合物濃度。由試驗菌種之新鮮生長期肉汁培養液完成光 學密度(0D)測定。製造稀釋劑以得到lxlO6 CFU/毫升之最 終細胞密度。在〇D=1,不同屬之細胞密度應為: E· coh lxlO9 CFU/毫升 S. aureus 5xl〇8CFU/毫升 98503.doc •52· 1305528
Enterococcus sp. 2.5x109 CFU/毫升 將50毫升之細胞懸浮液加入微升板之各井。最終細胞密 度應為約5X105 CFU/毫升。這些板在周圍空氣培養器中在 35°C培養約18小時。以微板讀取器讀取板且在需要時目視 地檢視。me定義為抑制生長之最低四環素化合物濃度。 本發明之化合物顯示良好之生長抑制。 在表1中,良好之特定細菌生長抑制劑之化合物以*表 示,非常良好之特定細菌生長抑制劑之化合物以**表示, 及特別良好之特定細菌生長抑制劑之化合物以㈣表示。 等致物 熟悉此技藝者可使用固定實驗了解或可確定在此所述 特定步驟之許多等致物。此等致物視為在本發明之範 内’而且為以下之申請專利範圍所涵蓋。本令請案全部 列之所有參考資料,專利、及專财請案之内容在此併 作為參考。可選摆#此轰由,.^ 、 、擇化些專利、申請案、及其他文件之適
成分、程序、及方法用於本發明及其具體實施例。 98503.doc •53-
Claims (1)
- 13 Ο 5 52¾140806號專利申請案 中文申請專利範圍替換本(97年8月) 十、申請專利範圍:種式I之一甲胺四環素化合物或其醫藥可接受鹽其中:R4、R4"、r7>R7"分別係 Ci 6烧基; R3係氫或前藥分子團; R9係_素; 經取代之C 1 _6烧基,其係經一或二個選自由下列組成 之群組之基團所取代:Cm烷基磺醯胺基、羥基、二_ Ci_4烧基胺基Ci _4烧基艘基胺基、視需要經齒素取代之 本基及C3-8環炫•基; 經苯基、經鹵素取代之苯基或c〗_6烷氧基羰基取代之 C2-6稀基; C2-6炔基; 經取代之C2_6炔基,其係經一或二個選自由下列組成 之群組之基團所取代:矽烷基、C3-8環烯基、C3_8環烷 基、二-Ci_4炫*基胺基、叛基、Ci-6烧基續酿胺基、 烷氧基羰基、羥基、苯基、吡啶基及經CN4烷氧基、 鹵素、羥基、Cw烷基、硝基或胺基所取代之苯基; 經取代之胺基,其係經苯磺醯基、Ck烷基胺基-Cm 烷基羰基或經取代之Cw烷基所取代,其中該經取代 98503-970801.doc 1305528 之c】_6烷基係經一或二個選自由下列組成之群組之基 團取代:羥基、函素、亞曱二氧基苯基、全氟曱氧基 苯基、0:3_8環烷基、CK6烷基胺基羰基、苯基、吡啶 基、C2_6烯基、Cl·4烧氧基苯基、二-Cw烧基膦酸二酯 基(phosphonato)及3,4,5-三羥基-6-羥基甲基-四氫_ 哌喃-2-基氧基苯基; CN4烷基甘胺酸乙酯基; 苯基丙_胺基; 硫亞硝基; 确基; 苯并咬喃基; 亞曱二氧基苯基; Cl-4烷氧基吡啶基; 視需要經_素取代之嘍吩基; 苯基; 經取代之苯基,其係經一或二個選自由下列組成之群 組之基團所取代:鹵素、硝基、氰基、胺基、羧基、 曱醯基、全氟甲氧基、Cw烷基、Cw烷氧基、c!_4烷 基幾基、C!_4炫氧基幾基、Ci_4^«基幾基胺基、Ci_6^ 氧基基Ci_4烧基胺基叛基及經取代之Ci.4烧基,其中 該經取代之c〗_4烷基係經一至三個選自由下列組成之 群組之基團取代:鹵素、二-Cw烷基胺基、C】.4烷基 吡畊基、苯胺基及二-Cw烷基膦酸二酯基;或 -NHC ( =Z') ZR9a ; -2- 98503-970801.doc I3〇5528 Z'係 NH、O 或 S ; z 係S、NH或0 ;及 R9a係匚“烷基、c2_6烯基、C3 8環烷基、苯基ci 4烷基、 苯基羰基、萘基、鹵素Cl_6烷基羰基、苯基或經取代 之苯基,其係經一或二個選自由下列組成之群組之基 團所取代:鹵素、全氟甲基、全氟甲氧基、硝基及 c 1 -4烧氧基。 2·根據申請專利範圍第丨項之二甲胺四環素化合物或其醫 藥可接受鹽’其中R4,、R4"、Rr、與r7”各為曱基。 3.根據申δ青專利範圍第〖或2項之二曱胺四環素化合物或其 面藥可接^:鹽’其中R9係笨并p失喃基;亞甲二氧基苯 基;Cw烷氧基吡啶基;視需要經_素取代之嘧吩基; 笨基,或經取代之苯基,其係經一或二個選自由下列組 成之群組之基團所取代:鹵素、硝基、氰基、胺基、羧 基、甲醯基、全氟曱氧基、c16烷基、c16烷氧基、c14 烷基羰基、Cw烷氧基羰基、Cw烷基羰基胺基、q 6烷 氧基Ik基匚^4烧基胺基幾基及經取代之匚“烧基,其中該 經取代之C〗·4烷基係經一至三個選自由下列組成之群組 之基團取代:鹵素、二_Cl_4烷基胺基、Ci 4烷基吡畊 基、苯胺基及二-Cw烷基膦酸二酯基。 4 ·根據申請專利範圍第3項之二曱胺四環素化合物或其醫 藥可接受鹽’其中R9係苯基或經取代之苯基,其係經一 或二個選自由下列組成之群組之基團所取代:鹵素、硝 基、氰基、胺基、羧基、甲醯基、全氟曱氧基、Cl6烷 98503-970801.doc 1305528 基、c!.6院氧基、C】.4烷基羰基、C,.4烷氧基羰基、Cm 烷基羰基胺基、C,·6烷氧基羰基Cl 4烷基胺基羰基及經取 代之Cw烷基’其中該經取代之c14烷基係經一至三個選 自由下列組成之群組之基團取代:鹵素、二_CI 4烷基胺 基、Cw院基吡畊基、苯胺基及二_Ci 6烷基膦酸二酯 基。 5.根據申請專利範圍第4項之二曱胺四環素化合物或其醫 藥可接受鹽,其中R9為未取代苯基。 6·根據申請專利範圍第3項之二曱胺四環素化合物或其醫 藥可接受鹽,其中R9係苯并呋喃基或視需要經鹵素取代 之嘧吩基。 7. 根據申請專利範圍第丨或2項之二甲胺四環素化合物或其 醫藥可接受鹽,其中R9係C2_6炔基或經取代之C26炔基, 其係輕一或二個選自由下列組成之群組之基團所取代: 矽烷基、c[8環烯基、c3 8環烷基、二_Ci 4烷基胺基、羧 基、C!_6烧基磺醯胺基、Cl_6烷氧基羰基、羥基、苯基、 吡啶基及經Cw烷氧基、鹵素、羥基、Ci 4烷基、硝基或 胺基所取代之苯基。 8. 根據申請專利範圍第7項之二曱胺四環素化合物或其醫 藥可接受鹽’其中R9係經取代之C2 6炔基,其係經苯 基、吡啶基或經Ch烷氧基、鹵素、羥基、c14烷基、硝 基或胺基所取代之苯基所取代。 9. 根據申請專利範圍第8項之二甲胺四環素化合物或其醫 藥可接X鹽,其中R9係經取代之C2 6炔基,其係經苯基 98503-970801.doc -4- 1305528 或經C1-4烷氧基、鹵素、羥基、Ci-4烷基、硝基或胺基所 取代之苯基所取代。 10.根據申請專利範圍第8項之二曱胺四環素化合物或其醫 藥可接受鹽,其中R9係經吡啶基取代之C2_6炔基。 Π.根據申請專利範圍第7項之二甲胺四環素化合物或其醫 藥可接受鹽,其中R9係經取代之C2_6炔基,其係經一或 二個選自由下列組成之群組之基團所取代:矽烷基、c3 8¾稀基、C3_8環烷基、二_Cl4烷基胺基、羧基、c16烷 基續醯胺基、Cw烷氧基羰基及羥基。 12·根據申請專利範圍第u項之二甲胺四環素化合物或其醫 藥可接受鹽,其中R9係經C38環烯基取代之C26炔基。 13. 根據申請專利範圍第12項之二曱胺四環素化合物或其醫 藥可接受鹽’其中該環烯基為環戊烯基。 14. 根據申請專利範圍第丨或2項之二曱胺四環素化合物或其 醫藥可接受鹽,其中R9係經取代之Ci6烷基,其係經一 或二個選自由下列組成之群組之基團所取代:4烷基 磺醯胺基、羥基、二—Gw烷基胺*Ci 4烷基羰基胺基、 視需要經鹵素取代之苯基及C3 8環烷基。 15. 根據申請專利範圍第14項之二曱胺四環素化合物或其醫 藥可接受鹽,其中R9係2_環戊基乙基。 16_根據申請專利範圍第丨或2項之二甲胺四環素化合物或其 醫藥可接党鹽,其中R9為_NHC (=z,)ZR9a。 17.根據申請專利範圍第16項之二甲胺四環素化合物或其醫 藥可接受鹽,其中Z,為S。 98503-970801.doc 1305528 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 根據申請專利範圍第16項之二曱胺四環素化合物或其醫 藥可接受鹽,其中Z,為〇。 根據申請專利範圍第16項之二曱胺四環素化合物或其醫 藥可接受鹽’其中Z為NH。 根據申請專利範圍第16項之二曱胺四環素化合物或其醫 藥可接受鹽’其中Z為〇。 根據申請專利範圍第16項之二曱胺四環素化合物或其醫 藥可接受鹽,其中Z為S。 根據申請專利範圍第16項之二甲胺四環素化合物或其醫 藥可接受鹽,其中係萘基、苯基或經取代之苯基,其 係經一或二個選自由下列組成之群組之基團所取代:鹵 素、全氟甲基、全氟曱氧基、硝基及烷氧基。 根據申請專利範圍第22項之二甲胺四環素化合物或其醫 藥可接受鹽,其中尺93係苯基或經取代之苯基,其係經一 或二個選自由下列組成之群組之基團所取代:鹵素、全 氟甲基、全氟甲氧基、硝基及Ci4烷氧基。 ,據申請專利範圍第23項之二甲胺四環素化合物或其醫 藥可接受鹽,其中Rh係經曱氧基取代之苯基。根據申請專利範圍第23項之:甲胺四環素化合物或其 藥可接受鹽,#中^係經全氟甲氧基取代之苯基。:據申請專利範圍第23項之二甲胺四環素化合物或其 藥可接受鹽,其m經全氟甲基取代之苯基。 根據申請專利範圍第23項之二甲胺四環素化合物或盆 藥可接受鹽,纟中函素為氟、氯、漠或碟。 98503-970801.doc Ϊ305528 28.根據申請專利範圍第23項之二甲胺四環素化合物或其醫 藥可接受鹽,其中Rh係未取代苯基、對·硝基苯基、對— 甲氧基苯基、對-全氟甲氧基苯基、3,5_二全氟甲基苯 基、對-溴苯基、對-氣苯基或對〃氟苯基。 . 29·根據申請專利範圍第16項之二甲胺四環素化合物或其醫、 藥可接受鹽,其中R9a為苯基羰基。 30.根據申請專利範圍第22項之二甲胺四環素化合物或其醫 藥可接受鹽,其中尺93為茬基。 3!,根據申請專利範圍第16項之二f胺四環素化合物或其醫_ 藥可接受鹽,其中R9a&Ci_6烷基或苯基^以烷基。 32.根據申請專利範圍第31項之二甲胺四環素化合物或其醫 藥可接受鹽,其中R、甲基、乙基、丙基、丁基、或戍 基。 33 .根據申請專利範圍第丨6項之二甲胺四環素化合物或其醫 藥可接受鹽’其中尺9&為(:2_6烯基。 34.根據申請專利範圍第33項之二甲胺四環素化合物或其醫 藥可接受鹽’其中R9a為戊-^烯基。 參 35·根據申請專利範圍第16項之二甲胺四環素化合物或其醫 藥可接受鹽,其中Z,為NH,Z為NH,及尺“為心^烷基。 36.根據申請專利範圍第丨或2項之二曱胺四環素化合物或其 醫藥可接受鹽,其中尺9為_N=S。 3 7.根據申請專利範圍第丨或2項之二曱胺四環素化合物或其 醫藥可接受鹽,其中R9係經d_6烷基取代之胺基,其中' 該Cw院基係經一或二個選自由下列組成之群組之基團、 98503-970801.doc 1305528 取代:羥基、鹵素、亞曱二氧基苯基、全氟甲氧基苯 基、c3_8環烷基、Cw烷基胺基羰基、苯基、吡啶基、 C2_6烯基、Cw烷氧基苯基、二-C^烷基膦酸二酯基及 3,4,5-三羥基-6-羥基曱基-四氫-哌喃-2-基氧基苯基。 3 8.根據申請專利範圍第37項之二甲胺四環素化合物或其醫 藥可接受鹽,其中該C,_6烷基係經亞甲二氧基苯基、全 氟甲氧基苯基、苯基、吡啶基、烷氧基苯基或3,4,5-三羥基-6-羥基曱基-四氫-哌喃-2-基氧基苯基所取代。 39. 根據申請專利範圍第38項之二甲胺四環素化合物或其醫 藥可接受鹽,其中該C!_6烷基係經亞曱二氧基苯基或對-全氟曱氧基苯基所取代。 40. —種二甲胺四環素化合物或其醫藥可接受鹽,其選自包 括:98503-970801.doc 130552841. 一種根據申請專利範圍第1或40項之式I之二曱胺四環素 化合物或其醫藥可接受鹽於製備供治療哺乳動物之細菌 感染之藥物之用途。 42. 根據申請專利範圍第41項之用途,其中細菌感染係與五. co/i有關。 43. 根據申請專利範圍第41項之用途,其中細菌感染係與& aureus^ II 0 44. 根據申請專利範圍第41項之用途,其中細菌感染係與 /aeca/b有關。 45. 根據申請專利範圍第41項之用途,其中細菌感染抗其他 四環素抗生素。 98503-970801.doc 1305528 46. 根據申請專利範圍第41項之用途,其中藥物進一步包含 醫藥可接受載劑。 47. 根據申請專利範圍第41項之用途,其中哺乳動物為人 類。 48. —種用於治療哺乳動物之細菌感染之醫藥組合物,其包 含治療有效量之根據申請專利範圍第1或40項之式I之二 甲胺四環素化合物或其醫藥可接受鹽,及醫藥可接受載 劑。 49. 一種二曱胺四環素化合物,其係選自由下列所組成之群 98503-970801.doc 10- 130552898503-970801.doc -11 - 130552898503-970801.doc -12- 130552898503-970801.doc -13 · 130552898503-970801.doc -14- 130552898503-970801.doc -15- 130552898503-970801.doc -16- 130552898503-970801.doc 17- 1305528 MC MD ME hV MF MG MH Ml 98503-970801.doc 18- 1305528 ΜΚ ML MM MN MO MP MQ MR /CXty^SiiV 98503-970801.doc -19 - 130552898503-970801.doc -20- 130552898503-970801.doc -21 - 1305528W 98503-970801.doc -22- 130552898503-970801.doc -23- 130552898503-970801.doc -24- 130552898503-970801.doc 25- 1305528 PJ a PK PL PM PN PO PP 98503-970801.doc 26- 1305528 PU PX 5 Ο. —種用於治療哺乳動物之細菌感染之醫藥組合物,其包 含治療有效量之根據申請專利範圍第49項之二曱胺四環 素化合物及醫藥可接受載劑。 98503-970801.doc 27-
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- 2001-06-29 AT AT01965828T patent/ATE336481T1/de active
- 2001-06-29 EP EP10182900.0A patent/EP2308832B8/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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