TW396034B - Method and system for incrementally moving teeth - Google Patents
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Classifications
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- A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
- A61C7/00—Orthodontics, i.e. obtaining or maintaining the desired position of teeth, e.g. by straightening, evening, regulating, separating, or by correcting malocclusions
- A61C7/08—Mouthpiece-type retainers or positioners, e.g. for both the lower and upper arch
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- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B6/00—Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis; Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis combined with radiation therapy equipment
- A61B6/46—Arrangements for interfacing with the operator or the patient
- A61B6/461—Displaying means of special interest
- A61B6/466—Displaying means of special interest adapted to display 3D data
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- A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y80/00—Products made by additive manufacturing
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- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
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- A61C13/0004—Computer-assisted sizing or machining of dental prostheses
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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Description
經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 A7 B7五、發明説明（i ) 本專利申請案係臨時專利申請案第60/050,342號之部 分續篇，歸檔於1997年六月20日，其完整内容在此列作參 考。 本發明一般係有關畸齒矯正術之領域，特別是有關供 將牙齒從初始牙齒排列處逐漸地移動至最終牙齒排列處之 方法及系統。 為了審美或其他因素而將牙齒復位於傳統上係藉由配 戴一般所謂的”齒列矯正器”而達成，齒列矯正器包括有各 種不同的牙具，例如拖架、拱線、缝合線以及Ο形環。將 牙具安裝於患者牙齒上係一項冗長而費時之工作，需要與 作治療之畸齒矯正醫師會診多次，因此，傳統之畸齒矯正 治療限制了矯正醫師的患者數量，而使畸齒矯正治療變得 相當昂貴。 於將拖架固定在患者牙齒上之前，一般至少安排與畸 齒矯正醫師、牙醫師、以及X光室三者或其中任何一方會 診一次，以取得患者牙齒及齒顎結構之X光及照片。同時 在此初診期間，或者在稍後之會診時，將患者牙齒之齒模 製作出。此模提供了患者牙齒的一個模型，供畸齒矯正醫 師用以和X光及照片一起排定診療步驟，畸齒矯正醫師接 著於該齒列矯正器安裝於患者牙齒期間，與患者作一次或 更多次的會診。 於首次安裝齒列矯正器之會診期間，牙齒表面起先塗 上一種稀酸，該酸能使牙齒表面對拖架之附著性質和欲接 於其上之齒帶達到最佳化。拖架及齒帶係作為隨後欲添加 I — I--ll·I-MlII (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 、?τ ΦΙ. 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A.4規格（210X：297公釐）
之其他牙具的簧>}。塗上稀酸之後，利用適當的接合材料 將拖架及齒帶黏接於患者牙齒上，在接合劑凝固之前，並 未加裝任何的著力牙具，有鑑於此，畸齒矯正醫師通常會 排定後續的一個會診，確保拖架及齒帶牢牢地接在牙齒上 0 在一傳統齒列矯正器配件中，主要的著力牙具為拱線 ，拱線具有彈性，並透過拖架中的凹槽而安裝於拖架中。 拱線將拖架連接在一起，並施力於其上而使牙齒隨著時間 移動。絞線或彈性0形環通常用以加強拱線安裝至拖架中 。在畸齒矯正技術中，將拱線裝於拖架中即已知的，，缝合,， ，而此過程中所用的金屬線稱為，，缝合線”；彈性〇形環則 稱為”塑料 當拱線位於正確位置之後，則必須和畸齒矯正醫師作 定期會診，此期間患者之齒列矯正器藉由安裝具有不同著 力性質之不同拱線或者更換或拉緊目前的縫合線而加以調 整。 如上所述，使用傳統齒列矯正器係一項冗長而費時之 方法，且需要與畸齒矯正醫師作多次的會診。此外，從患 者之觀點而言，使用齒列矯正器會不雅觀、不舒適、導致 感染風險，並使刷牙、使用牙線或其他潔齒過程變的困難 〇 有鑑於此，吾人希望提供他種將牙齒復位之方法及系 統，這些方法和系統應該較為、經濟，£纟應該$少崎齒構 正醫師於規劃及超診患者所需的時間。該方法及系統更應 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公釐] (請先聞讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 ,#---[l· 訂 -------p.I — — ^--------- 5 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 A7 B7五、發明説明（3 ) 為患者所接受，尤其應較不易看出、對於每天的潔齒工作 更為舒適。下文中敘述之本發明方法及系統至少能夠滿足 這些目的之其中一部份。 Kesling在 Am. J. Orthod. Oral. Surg· 31 : 297-304(1945) 及32 : 285-293(1946)中發表了用以完成畸齒矯正治療之 牙齒定位器；Warunek等人（1989)在J. Clin. Orthod. 23: 694-700發表了利用矽酮定位器對患者牙齒作全面性的畸 齒矯正重新排列。用以完成並維持牙齒位置之完整塑膠定 位器於商業上可構自Raintree Essix Inc,,New Orleans,Louisiana 70125 以 及 Tru-Tain Plastics,Rochester,Minnesota 55902。畸齒痛正定位器之製 造敘述於美國專利第 5，186,623; 5,059,1 18; 5,055,039 ; 5,035,613; 4,856,991; 4,798,534以及4,755，139號中。 其他敘述牙齒定位器之使用及製造的發表内容包括有 Kleemann與 Janssen(1996)J. Clin. Orthodon. 30 : 673-680 ；Cureton(1996)J. Clin. Orthodon. 30'· 390-395 Ϊ Chiappone (1980)J. Clin. Orthodon. 14 ： 121-133； Shilliday(1971)Am. J. Orthodontics 59 ： 596-599 ； Wells(1970)Am. J. Orthodontics 58 ·· 351-366;以及Cottingham(1969)Am.’J· Orthodontics 55 : 23-3 1。 Kuroda等人（1996)之Am. J，Orthodontics 1 10 : 365-369 敘述了一種利用雷射掃描一石膏齒模以產生齒模數位影像 的方法，亦可參看美國專利第5,605,459號。 讓渡給Ormco Corporation之美國專利第5,533,895 ; (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁)
本紙張尺度適用中國國家橾準（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公釐） 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製
A7 B7 五、發明説明（4 ) 5,474,448； 5,454,717; 5,447,432； 5,431,562； 5,395,238 ;5,368,478以及5，139,419號敘述了處理牙齒數位影像以 設計畸齒矯正牙具之諸方法。 ’ 美國專利第5,011，405號敘述了 一種以數位方式將一 顆牙齒呈像.並決定用於畸齒橋正治療之最佳拖架定位的方 法；利用雷射掃描齒模以產生三維模型之方法述於美國專 利第5,338，198號中；美國專利第5,452,219號敘述了一種 以雷射掃描齒模羊研磨齒模之方法；齒形之數位運算處理 述於美國專利第5,607,305及5,587,912號中；齒顎之電腦 數位影像述於美國專利第5,342,202及5,340,309號中，其 他相關專利包括有美國專利第5,549,476 ; 5,382，164 ; 5,273,429； 4,936,862； 3,860,803； 3,660,900； 5,645,421 -5,055,039 ； 4,798,534 ； 4,856,991 ； 5,035,613 ； 5,〇59，118; 5，186,623 以及 4,755，139 號。 本發明提供了將牙齒從初始牙齒排列處復位至最終牙 齒排列處之改良方法及系統，復位過程係利用一種系統完 成，該系統包括有一系列供將牙齒裝於腔室腔内並於一連 串至少二個連續步驟令逐漸地復位個㈤牙齒之牙具，通常 包括有至少四個連續的步驟，常f包括#至少十個步驟， 有時包括有至少二十五個步驟’絲而包括有四十個以上 步驟。雖然複雜之案例導致許多患者牙齒可能要花上四十 個以上的步驟’該方法及系統最常在切二十五之間的連 續步驟中將牙齒復位完成。連續使用許多這種牙具可讓每 個牙具能夠將個別牙齒移動很小的量，一般小於
(#先聞讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁)
本紙張尺度顧
7 發明説明（ 最好是小於^ Ί m 、m ’而小於0.5 mm則更佳。這些限制 使用單一5F目士 旦未、/、蚪，於某一顆牙齒上面任一點的最大線性移 ，里:當然’對於任何特定牙齒而言，連續牙具所提供的 移動量通常並不相同。因此，牙齒上的某一點可利用-個 牙具而移動-個特定距離，之後由其後的一個牙具朝不同 方向移動不同之距離。 頁 驟 —各牙具最好包括有一個聚合體外殼，該外般内形成有 個牙w谷納腔.，—般由下述方法鑄模而成。每個個別牙 ^ :規sj成使其牙齒容納腔具有—個與該牙具預期之中間 或末端牙齒排列一致的幾何形狀，也就是說，當患者起初 配戴牙具時，有些牙齒會股離牙具腔室未變形之幾何形狀 ’然而’牙具妓夠的彈性適應或配合脫位之牙齒，並將 對此脫位牙㈣以㈣力而將牙純位至該治療步 所希望的申間或末端排列處。 選 該 後 本發明之系統將包括有至少一個其幾何形狀經過挑巧 能:患者牙齒從初始牙齒排列處復位至第—中間排列處的 第一牙具’而使個料齒逐漸地復位；《統更包括有至 少一個其幾何形狀經過挑選能將牙齒從第__中間排列處漸 進地復位至—個或更多個相鄰中間排列處的t間牙具，· 系統還更包括有-個其幾何形狀經過挑選能將牙齒從最 一個中間排列處漸進地復位至希望之最終牙齒排列處的最 終牙具。在有些情況t，形成最終牙具或數個牙具以，，過 度修正，，最終牙齒位置較為理想，下文中將更加詳細敘述
經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印 下文中將更詳細敘述有關本發明之方法，該系統可加 以規劃且所有的個別牙具均於治療之前製造，牙具因此可 以單一包裝或系統供應給患者。諸牙具使用的順序將明顯 標示出（例如利用連續編號），使患者能夠根據崎嵩矯 師或其他治療師指示的次數將牙具套在牙齒上。與*列矯 正器不同的是，患者並不需在每次作治療調整時會診治i 師，雖然患者通常會想定期會診其治療師以確保治療能夠 根據原先的計劃進行著，然而免除每次做調整時就會診治 療師的必要會使治療在更多更小的連續步驟中完成，= 然減少治療師花在會診各個患者的時間。此外，若能使用 聚合體外殼牙具將會更加舒適、較不明顯、且患者可b以卸 下，大大地增加患者之適應性、舒適度以及滿意度。 根據本發明的-個方法，患者牙齒係藉由將一系列的 增篁位置調整牙具植入患者口中而從初始牙齒排列處復位 至最終牙齒排列處。很方便地，牙具並非固定的，患者可 在治療過程中的任何時間戴上或更換牙具。該系列的第一 個牙具係選擇其幾何形狀能夠將牙齒從初始牙齒排列處復 位至第一中間排列處，當接近或到達第一中間排列處之後 ’有-個或更多個額外的(中間)牙具將被連續地配置在牙 齒上面’而這種額外牙具係選擇其幾何形狀能夠從第—中 間排列處經過連續的中間排列處渐進地將牙齒復位。治療 乃藉將-最終牙具植入患者口中而完成，而最終牙具係選 擇其幾何形狀能夠漸進地將牙產從最後一個中間排列處復 位至最終牙齒排列處。該系列中的最後一個牙具或數個牙 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 0. 訂 -n n u n n n
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A7 B7 具係選擇其幾何形肤妒 其幾何形狀將(若完二二度修正牙齒的排列情形，亦即 經選定為，，最终，，之牙王=各牙齒之移動量超出已 理-，以彌二 範圍。這種過度修正或許較為 允㈣當復位方法終止之後可能的復«題，亦即 有^力—S別牙齒朝其預先修正的位置回移。過度修正亦 速修正速度，亦即利用其幾何形狀之定位超出預 ' Μ或最終位置的—個牙具，使個別牙齒以更高的一 2度朝該位置移動。在這種情对，治療可於牙齒到達 取'、牙具或諸牙具所界定的位置之前而終止。本方法通常 包括有配置至少兩個額外的牙具，有時配置至少二十五個 :外的牙具’偶爾配置至少四十個或更多個額外的牙具。 ㈣齒接近（在韻的公差之⑴或已經料該治療階段的 末端排列目^時，連續的牙具將被更換，—般是從2天到扣 天之間的-個間隔更換，通常為5天到1〇天之間的一個間 隔0 、σ人吊$希望在该治療階段的，，終端，，牙齒排列達到之 則就更換牙具，可以了解的是，隨著牙齒逐漸地復位並接 L由特定牙具所界定的幾何形狀，作用於個別牙齒上面的 復位力量將大大的減少。因此，當牙齒已經僅部份地由早 d的牙具復位時’以連續的牙具更換早期的牙具能夠減少 正個冶療時間。因此，FDDS實際上能夠代表牙齒最終位 置的個過度修正，兩者均可加速治療並彌補患者之復發 問題。 般而s ’轉移至下一個牙具可基於許多因素，最簡
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五、發明説明（8 ) 單的是，牙具可於根據_奂 心、者之預期或實際反應而在開始時 所決定的預定時程或固定時間間隔（亦即對於每個牙具之 天數）更換。另夕卜，實際的患者反應可納入考f，例如當 該患者不再覺得牙齒受到目前牙具之壓力時，亦即其目前 心-a之牙具可以谷易地套在牙齒上面，且患者之牙齒感 又J非吊】、或/又有壓力或不舒適時，患者可進行至下一個 牙具之更換。在有些情況中，對於牙齒反應迅速之患者， 。療師可以決疋省略—個或更多個中間牙具，亦即將牙具 的整個數目減少至初期所決定的數目以下。利用這種方^ ，特殊患者的整個治療時間得以減少。 、濟 另方面，本發明之方法包括有利用其形狀能夠容納 並彈性地將牙齒復位而形成最終牙賴列之腔室的聚合體 外殼而將牙齒復位。本發明提供了對這種方法的改善之道 ，其包括有在治療開料^至少三㈣由患者連續配戴 而將牙齒從初始牙齒排列處復位至最終牙齒排列處之牙具 的幾何形狀。最好至少有四種幾何形狀於開始時決定，常 常至少有十種幾何形狀，時常至少有二十五種幾何形狀， 有時為四十種或更多種幾何形狀。通常，由各連續幾何形 狀中的腔室所界定之牙齒位置與那些μ前的幾何形㈣ 界定之位置相差不會超過2 mm，最好是小Si職，常常 小於0.5 mm，如上所定義。 費 在另-方面，本發明提供了一種用以產生表示最終牙 齒排列之數位資料組的方法。該方法包括有提供表示初始 牙齒排列的-個起始資料組，並減起始資料組呈現出^ 本紙張尺度適用尹國'國家標準（〇阳）六4規格（2〗0父297公釐） 隱麵翻分 §· I v.a A7 B7 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 五、發明説明（9 ) 覺影像，視覺影像接著經過處理而將個別牙齒復位至視覺 影像中，接著有一個表示最終牙齒排列之最終數位資料組 產生，已復位之牙齒可從視覺影像中觀測。很方便地，起 始數位資料組可利用傳統技術產生，包括有數位化X光影 像、利用電腦輔助斷層掃描（CAT scans)產生影像、利用 核磁共振造影（MRI)產生影像、以及類似方法。影像最好 是三維影像，而數位化以傳統技術完成。起始數位資料組 通常是利用傳統技術製備患者牙齒的一個石膏模（於治療 之前）而產生，所製備的石膏模接著可利用雷射或其他掃 描設備加以掃描，以產生患者牙齒之石膏模的一個高解析 度數位模型。由於其並非使患者暴露在X光之下或使患者 受到不方便的MRI掃描，因此使用石膏模較佳。 一旦取得數位資料詛，則可呈現出一個影像，並於安 裝有電腦輔助設計軟體的一部適當電腦系統上作處理，下 文將詳述之。影像之處理通常包括有繞著至少其中一些個 別牙齒而界定出邊界，並透過電腦處理影像使牙齒之影像 對齒顎及其他顆牙齒移動。影像處理可完全以主觀方式完 成，亦即使用者可以根據單獨的影像觀察，基於審美觀點 或治療觀點兩者、或其中任何一方，以預期之方式簡單地 將牙齒復位。另外，電腦系統應該提供輔助使用者復位牙 齒之規則及算法。在有些實例中，其能夠提供以完全自動 方式、亦即不需使用者介入而將牙齒復位之規則及算法。 一旦個別牙齒已經復位，則代表預期之最終牙齒排列的最 終數位資料組將產生並予以儲存。 (請先閎讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁)
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用以決定最終牙齒排列的一個較佳方法為透過治療師 界定出牙齒最終位置，例如開處方。習知技藝中已經有利 用處方界定預期之畸齒矯正療程的用法。當一處方或 ，其他 最終指不被提出時，影像接著能夠加以處㈣符合該處方 。在有些情況中，可以提出能夠解擇處方之軟體，以產生 最終影像’而使數位資料組能夠表示出最終牙齒排列情形 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製
在另-方面，本發明提供了產生多個表示一連申從初 始牙齒排列處前進至最終牙齒排列處之個別牙齒排列情形 的數位諸組方法，這種枝包括有提供表示初始牙齒排 列的-個數位資料組（可根據上料表之任—項技術完幻 。有一個表示最終牙齒排列情形之數位資料組亦被提供， 這種最終數位資料組可以洲前述之方法決定。該多個連 續的數位資料組接著根據起始數位資料組及最終數位資料 組而產生’連續的數位資料組通常是藉由決定在起始資料 組及最終資料組f經過選定的個別牙#之間的位置差異， 並將該差異作㈣運算而產生。這種内插運算可於許多、預 期的個別階段中完成，.通常至少三個，常常至少四個，更 常至少十個’有時至少二十五個，偶爾四十個以上。其中 一些或所有的位置差異將經過許多次的線性内插運算，另 外’内插運算可以是非線性I位置差異將對應於牙齒移 動量二而牙齒上任何一點的最大線性移動量為2 mm以下 ，通常為1 mm以下，且常常為〇·5 mm以下。 使用者常常會指定某種目標的中間牙齒排列，稱為” (請先聞讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 1訂- 本紙張尺Μ财關^7^87^( 210X297^)
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、發明説明（l2 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 —在另-方面，本發明用以製造牙具之方法包括有提供 -個表示修正過的患者牙齒排列情形之第—數位資料•且:、 接者有一個第二數位資料組從第一數位資料組中產生，其 2第二資料組代表修正過之牙#排姻—個負模。接著根 據第二數位資料組控制製造機而製備牙具，製造機通常將 藉由選擇性地硬化一種非硬化樹脂而製備牙具。牙具—般 包括有-個聚合體外殼，該外殼具有其形狀經過挑選能容 納並彈性地將㈣從初始牙齒排蘭復位[修正過牙齒排 列處的腔室。 第1AH例示了 -患者之齒顎，並提供了牙齒是如落 利用本發明之方法及裝置移動的一個概略表示j .第1B圖例-示—了來自第1A圓之單顆牙齒，並— 齒移動距離是如何決定的。 第1 c圖例示了第1A圖之齒顎以及根據本發明之方法 配置的一個增量位置調整牙具。 第2圖為例示了本發明用以製備增量位置調整牙具之 系統的一個方塊圖。 第3圖為敘述了用以處理表示初始牙齒排列的一個起 始數位資料組，以產生與預期又最终牙齒排列一致的一姐 最終數位資—株组之方塊。 第4圖為例示了用於本方—法之溃除工具的一個流程圖 〇 第4 A圖例示了利—用第丰圖之程式遗除的空隙體積」 ..第5圖為例示了甩以搭配處夏j 3圖之―置赴祖時的高解 (請先聞讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) _
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(請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) -s ·#-! -:^-i-l:.l:tl-t.i .._ A7 B7 發明説明（14 循非線性路徑’當於治療期間任何兩個時間決定時 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 叫實際上可能歷經—個;=7離。因此，任意 示、第二個任意點平移，如箭私所 最欲芈弒Η ^ 者一條弓形路徑，形成一個 定牙齒中^發明之許多方面係由本方法在任何-顆特 =曰=一點❻大容許移動量所定義，這種最大 被定義成該顆牙齒於任何治療階段中歷經 取大㈣1時該點Pi在牙齒上的最大線性平移量。 現在參看弟1C圖，搞始士义 描曰7 根據本發明之系統將包括有多個 訂
P 調整牙具，吾人希望這些牙具能夠如上文所述使 ㈤中的個別牙齒完成逐漸復位。廣義而言，本發明之方 使用任何已知的m制、或者其他已知 2齒橋正治療方法相_以完成並維持牙齒位置之活動 ::二。與之前的裝置及系統比較起來，本發明之系統將 =夕個這種希望由患者連續配戴之牙具，以達到如此處 牙齒漸進復位。較佳的—個牙具將包括有-個⑽ 聚合體外殼，料殼具有其形狀能夠容納並彈性地將牙齒 從某一牙齒排列處復位至下—個牙齒排列處的腔室。聚人 體外殼最好能夠套在上顎或下顎中的所有牙齒上面，並 非必要的。常常僅有某些牙齒將被復位，而其他牙齒將隨 著彈性復位力量作用於-顆或數顆欲復位之牙齒上時，提 供-個供將復位牙具μ在正確位置之基底或梹形區域。 然而在複雜的情況中，有許多或大部份的牙齒將於治療期 間復位在某些社，在這«況中，被移動之牙齒亦能作 _______ ^ f 五、發明説明（ιΓ) ~~ --- 為固定復位牙具的—個基底或拱形區域。另外，牙齦及 palette兩者、或其中任何—方亦能作為—拱形區域，而讓 所有或幾乎所有的牙齒能夠被同時復位。 第_之聚合體牙具最好是由適當的彈性聚合體薄 板製成，例如明尸匕,蘇達州559〇2羅徹斯特市之加_丁咖 Plastics公司製造的Tru_Tain 〇()3 in熱成形牙材。通常不需 要利用金屬線或其他裝置將牙具固定在牙齒的正確位置上 。然而在有些情況中，教或需要在牙齒上提供與牙具1〇〇 内之插孔或開口相對應的個別拱形區域，而使牙具能夠在 缺少這種拱形區域的情況下，於牙齒上面施以一個向上的 力量。下文將敘述製備牙具100的特殊方法。 /現在參看第2圖，現在將敘述本發明令製備供患者隨 後用以復位患者牙齒之增量位置調整牙具的整個方法。於 第一步驟中，有一個表示初始牙齒排列情形之數位資料組 被取得’下文中稱為IDDSeI刪可以利肖各種方法取得 ，舉例來說，可以利用已知的技術如χ光、三維χ光、電 腦輔助斷層影像或資料組、核磁共振造影等將患者牙齒掃 描或呈像。數位化這種傳統影像以產生本發明中有用之資 料组的方法已廣為所知，且述於專利及醫學文獻中。然而 ，本發明通常期望第一次就能利用已知的技術得到患者牙 齒的石膏齒模，例如那些述於Graber，0rth0d0ntics : Principle and Practice,Second Edition,Saunders, Philadelphia, 1969, ΡΡ·401-415之方法。當齒模得到以後， 可利用一部傳統的雷射掃描器或其他範圍擷取系統作數位 本紙張从適财關家標準（CNS ) A4規格（21GX297公釐)-----一 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) - I -------------------.1#---一II1#!-----#_ • I I I -1-
掃描而產生IDDS。當然，由範圍擷取系統產生的資料組 可以轉換成其他與用以處理資料組内之影像的軟體相容之 I 格式，下文中將更詳細敘述之。普通用以製備牙齒石膏模 及利用雷射掃描技術建立數位模型之方法已經敘述過，例 如在美國專第5,605,459號中所述，其整個發表内容在此 列作參考。 有各種不同的範圍擷取系統，通常是根據擷取過程是 否需要接觸三維物體而予以歸類。接觸式範圍擁取系統係 利用一根具有多重平移或旋轉自由度的探針，當探針沿著 樣本表面描繪時，藉由紀錄探針的實際位移，則可產生樣 本物體的-個電腦判讀模型。非接觸式範圍褐取裝置可以 是一個反射式或透射式系統，有各種不同的反射式系統正 被使用，這些反射式系統其中一些係利用非光學投射能量 源，例如微波雷達或聲納，其他則使用光學能量。那㈣ 用反射光學能量運轉之非接觸式系統更是包括有特殊的配 備，以允許某些測量技術能夠進行（例如影像雷達、三角 測量法以及干涉測量法 較佳的-個範圍榻取系統為光學反射非接觸式掃描器 ，非接觸式掃描器較佳的原因在於其本f上為非破壞性（ 亦即不會損壞樣本物體），其特徵通常在於具有更高的一 個擷取解析度，並可在相當短的時間内掃指一個樣本。這 樣的-個掃描器為位於加州蒙特瑞市之公司所 製造的 Cyberware Mode】15。 非接觸式或接觸式掃描器任何一方均可含有一部彩色 本紙"張尺度適— 用中—(CNS ) A4規格 ~~~~ ___ (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 、π #1 ——Γ! • ί —ϋ ·
HI I I - - · 19 wi- m •--'•1 1 獲纖!•丨 A7 B7 發明説明（Π) 攝影機，當與掃描器同步運作時，可提供一個以數位格式 操取樣本物體之彩色模㈣裝^能夠擷取的不僅是樣
本物體的形狀，而且其顏色亦可擷取，兹將其重要性討論 於下。 W 本發明之方法將憑靠著於具有適當圖形使用者介面 (Gm)與適於觀測及修正影像之軟體的一部電腦或工作站 上處理IDDS ,下文將詳述該軟體之特定方面。雖然該方 法將憑靠電腦處理數位資料，然而具有含增量差異幾何形 狀之多重牙具的本發明系統可利用非電腦輔助技術加以製 備。舉例來說，如上述方法取得之石膏模可利用刀、鋸、 或其他切割工具切割，以允許個別牙齒能夠在鑄模中復位 。脫離的牙齒接著可利用軟蠟或其他韌性材料固定於正確 位置，而多個中間牙齒排列接著可利甩這種修正過的患者 牙齒石膏模製備。不同的排列可利用壓力及真空造型技術 製備多重牙具組合，一般如下所述。雖然本發明的這種手 動牙具生產系統通常並非較佳的，然而系統所製備出來的 牙具將會位在本發明之範圍内。 再次參看第2圖，當IDDS得到之後，數位資訊將被輸 入電腦或其他工作站中作處理。於較佳之方法中，個別牙 齒及其他元件將被”分割，，，使其等能夠從數位資料中個別 復位或移除。經過如此，，釋放，，諸元件之後，使用者常常會 遵照治療師所提供的處方或其他書面說明。另外，使用者 可根據視覺外觀或利用規則及算法以程式輸入電腦中而將 其等復位《—旦使用者滿意最終排列，則將最終牙齒排列 本紙張尺度適用 )A4^m ( (請先閎讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 言 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 Α7 Β7 (請先閎讀背面之注意事項再填窝本頁)
五、發明説明（18 ) 輸入一組最終數位資料組（FDDS)中。 根據IDDS及FDDS兩者，則可產生多個與連續中間牙 齒排列相對應之中間數位資料組（INTDDS)，接著可根據 INTDDS製造增量位置調整牙具系統，下文將詳述之。 第3圖例示了處理IDDS而在電腦上產生FDDS的一個 典型技術。來自數位掃描器之資料通常具有高解析度型式 ，為了減少電腦建立影像所需時間，則將建立一組以較低 解析度表示IDDS之平行數位資料組。使用者必須處理較 低解析度的影像，而電腦將視需要改善高解析度資料組， 若該模型中所提供的額外細節很有用的話，則使用者亦可 觀測/處理高解析度模型。IDDS若還未形成四邊資料結構 型式的話，則亦將被轉換成一個四邊資料結構，四邊資料 結構係一種在Primitives for the Manipulation of General Subdivisions and the Computation of Voronoi Diagrams, ACM Transactions of Graphics,Vol. 4,No. 2,April 1985, pp. 74-123中所定義之標準拓樸資料結構。亦可使用其他拓樸 資料結構，例如翼邊資料結構。 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 在起始步驟中，當觀測患者齒顎之三維影像、包括牙 齒、齒齦、以及其他口腔組織時，使用者通常會刪掉影像 處理或牙具之最終製備中不需要的結構，這些模型中不想 要的部分可利用一消除工具予以移除，以進行實體模型之 削減。該工具以一圖框表示，欲消除之體積由使用者利用 GUI設定（圖框之尺寸、位置以及方向）。通常不想要的部 分包括有異質的牙齦區和原先掃描之石膏底層。此工具之 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4规格（210X297公董） _ 2\ - 驗·ί，! 麵适 懸麵麵 五、發明説明（19 為刺激拔牙及，’刮除，，牙«面，«當Μ㈣ 間供欲移除之牙齒定位時為必須的。治療師可以 要少:二2牙齒必須刮除或哪顆牙齒必須拔除。當僅需 .要4空間時，刮除讓患者能夠保留其牙齒。當铁，拔除 =除僅於當實際上患者牙齒在根據本發明方法而開始進 订復位之前必須拔除或到除時用於治療計割中。 移除不想要或不必要的模型部分可以增加資料處理速 度，並加強視覺顯示。不必要的部分包括有㈣在製備牙 齒復位用牙具時不需要的部分，移除這些不想要的部分可 數位資料組之複雜度及大小，因而加速資料組及其 他運异之處理。 訂 當使用者破定消除工具之位置及尺寸並指示軟體消除 〜要的邛刀之後’被使用者框在圖框内之所有三角形將 被移除，而邊緣三角形則經過修正而具有一個平滑之線性 邊緣。該軟體將圖框内的所有三角形刪掉，並修剪所有與 圖框邊緣重疊之三角形，這必須在圖框邊緣上面建立新的 頂點，位於圖框面處之模型中產生的孔被重新分成三角形 ，並利用新建立的頂點封閉起來。 / 切据工具被用以界定欲移動之個別牙齒（或可能為一 群牙齒），該工具將掃描到的影像分成個別的圖形元件， 使軟體能夠移動牙齒或其他元件影像而 之影響。切鑛工具利用兩條三次方Β形方检曲線二 、可能侷限於平行平面上，以界定用以切割圖形影像的一 條路線，有-組線段連接兩條曲線，並將—般切㈣_ 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) Λ4規格（210X297公釐） 22 - .⑶:.風.證 五、發明説明（20 ) 不給使用者，借用去 更用者可以編輯位於三次方B形方栓曲線上 面的控制點、切割厚度、以及使用之消除器數目，如下所 述。 厚度.§利用一切割工具分離一顆牙齒時，使用者常 B希，刀j工具盡可能的薄，然而使用者可能希望作更厚 刀°!例如§刮除周圍牙齒時，如上所述。在圖解上， 切個工具宛如藉由將曲線每一侧之切割厚度減半而形成邊 界之曲線。 ,,f除H數目：—切割工具包括有彼此相鄰配置之多重 消除益圖框，宛如Saw⑽之曲線路徑的逐項線性近似值 。使用者選擇消除考$截_ s «· 1 a 月示态之數目，其決定了產生之曲線的複雜 訂. 度片段數目愈大，則沿著曲線之切割愈精確。消除器之 數目由連接兩條三次方B形方栓曲線之平行線數目圖示之 ^一旦切割完全經過指定之後，則使用者將切割工具用於 槟型中。切割係以消除次序進行，較佳的一個算法示於第 4圖中。第4A圖緣示了—個於該算法中所述之單— 代法。 °且 ，軟體中亦可提供-個預覽特色，預覽特色將一切割以 視覺方式呈現出代表切割之兩個對置面的表面，這讓使用 者能夠在用於模型資料組之前考慮最後之切割。 當使用者已經利用切錯工具完成所有預期之切割操作 後，則多重圖形實體呈現。然而此時軟體並未決定四邊資 料結構組的哪個三角形是屬於哪個元件，軟體在此資料社 構中選擇-個隨機起始點，並湘相鄰f訊使㈣結㈣ ( CNS ) A4MM- ( 210X297/^ )' -23
經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 過，以找出彼此連接之所有三角形而辨識出一個個別元件 。㈣程從元件尚未決定之三㈣㈣而重複之，一旦整 個貧料結構通過時，所有元件均已經賴出。 對於使用者而3，所有對高解析度模型所作的改變似乎同時發生於低解析度模型中，並且反之㈣。然而，不 同解析度模型之間並無-對—的關係、，因此，電腦就如1能夠料範圍-樣極度，，吻合，，高解析度及低解析度元件。 此算法述於第5圖中。 *牙齒和其他疋件已經配置或移除而產生最終牙齒排 列之後’需要擬定-項治療計劃，如第6圖中所例示。 料劃終將產生一系列前述之ιντ_及F刪。欲產 运些資料組，則在__連串的連續階段中必須從初始位置 最終位置之間界定或映射出選定之個別牙齒的移動量。 外’資料組中必須加人其它特色以在治療牙具中產生希 的特色’舉例來祝’為了特定用途吾人可能希望添加蠟 至影像中，以界^出腔室或凹槽。舉例來說，吾人可能 望在牙具與牙齒或齒顆之特定區域之間維持__個間隔，… 減少牙齦之疼痛、豸免牙周病、考慮牙蓋、以及類似情形 此外g $兩要配置一個插孔或開口，以配合必須配 在一顆牙齒上的簧片，讓牙齒能夠利用需要使簧片對齒 治 生 此 望 片 希 以 置 顎 上升的一個方式加以處理 有些製造牙齒復位用牙具之方法要求個別復位之牙齒 及其他元件統合成單一的一個連續結構而加以製造。在這 些實例中，’’蠟片”被用以連接INTDDS之不同分離元件，
(請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁)
’安一如.对喊輪幽幽 ’安一如.对喊輪幽幽 [X; 發明説明（22 這些堪片被加至牙齒下方及牙酿上方的資料組中 =Γ復位用牙具之幾何形狀。提供給必須“模 的各種不同壤片之應用軟體包括有可調尺寸之外.殼及 球體。添加之⑼利用軟體視作幾何形狀的額外部分，虚 其他所有的幾何形狀相等。因此，壤片可於治療時程中與 牙齒及其他元件一起復位。 於製造過程中，添加一壤片至圖解模型中將會形成一 個與添加之壤片具有相同幾何形狀的一個正齒模，視用以 製備復位用牙具而形成的正齒模而定。由於鑄模係牙齒的 -個正齒模’而牙具為牙齒的—個貞模，當牙具 上 訂 形成時’牙具亦會在已經加入鑄模内之蠟月周圍形成。當 植入患者口中時，牙具會在牙具之内腔表面與患者牙齒或 牙齦之間形成一個空隙。此外，壤片可用以在牙具内形成 一條凹槽或開口，而與配置在牙齒上面的—個簧片咬合， 以朝不同方向移動牙齒。 除了這種蠟片之外，有一個個別的元件、通常為一顆 牙齒’可作成較小或較大的尺寸，使製造出來的牙具分別 具有較緊或較鬆的配合。 。治療計劃在界定牙齒及其他元件之移動量時非常具有 彈性，使用者可以改變治療階段之數目以及個別控制^件 之路徑及速度。 治療階段之數目：使用者可以改變從牙齒初始狀態到 目標狀態之間希㈣治療步職目，假設任何未被移動之 元件維持靜止，因而假設其最終位置與起始位置相同（就 ) AW 2ΐ〇·^¥Τ Α7 Β7 、發明説明（23 像所有的中間位置一樣，除非該元件界定了 一個以上的鍵 架）。 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填窝本頁) 鍵架：使用者亦可藉選擇一中間狀態並改變元件位置 而指定”鍵架，，’除非指令不同，否則軟體會在所有使用者 指定的位置（包括起始位置、所有鍵架位置、以及目標位 置）之間自動進行線性内插運算。舉例來說，若某一特定 兀件僅界定出一個最終位置，則起始階段之後的每個階段 將簡單地以相等線性距離和更靠近最終位置之旋轉（以四 几法詳述）繪示出元件。若使用者指定兩個鍵架給該元件 ’則其將由第一鍵架從起始位置經過不同階段而線性地，， 移動”至第一鍵架所界定的位置。其接著將可能朝不同方 向線性地移動至第二鍵架所界定的位置。最後，其將可能 朝另一個不同方向線性地移動至目標位置。 使用者亦可在鍵架之間進行内插運算，有一條方栓曲 線利用傳統方式用以詳述内插函數。 Ρ. 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 這些運算可獨立完成，並不受各元件之影響，而使一 疋件之鍵架不會影響到另一個元件，除非其他元件亦在該 鍵架中被使用者移動。一元件可以沿著步驟3與步驟8之間 的一條曲線加速，而另一元件則從步驟丨線性地移動至步 驟5，接著突然改變方向並沿著到步驟1〇的—條線性路徑 缓和下來’此可撓性讓大量的自由度能夠用於患者之治療 計劃。 最後’可以結合軟體，且使用者可於任何一點使用一 種”電影”特效’以自動地將初始到目標狀態之間的移動作 26 .......-... ...... .................--.........-...............
五、發明説明（24 成動晝’這有助於在整個療程中將整體元件之移動視覺化 〇 上述用於元件辨識之較佳使用者介面係一種三維的交 談式GIH，三維GUI用於元件之處理亦較佳，這樣的一個 介面提供了治療師或使用者對數位模型元件之即時視覺互 7 -k僅允4簡單的低階命令指示電腦處理某一特定片 段之介面為佳。換句話說，一適合作處理之⑽較接受指 7的-個介面為佳’例如如下之種類：，，將此元件向右平 移0.1随，，。這種低階命令對微調有用，然而若其為唯一 介面的話，元件處理過程會變成厭煩而費時的-個互動結 果。 元 牙 於處理之前或處理過程„，有—個或更多個牙齒 件可Ik者齒根之模板而增大，處理隨齒根模板而增大之^ 齒模型是很有用的，例如在牙齦線下方的牙齒受到衝擊時 的情況。舉例來說，這些模板可包括有一個數位化的患者 牙齒X光模型。 置 即 正 部 該軟體亦可在資料組上面加上註記，包括文字及裝 之序號兩者、或其t任何—方。f主記係以凹陷文字（亦 其為三維幾何形狀）附加上去，使其將出現在列印出的 齒模上面。若註記可㈣置麵被復㈣牙㈣蓋的—丨 分口腔上面，而對牙齒之運動並不重要，則註記可能會 現在復位用牙具上面。 上述之元件辨識及元件處理軟體係設計成與操作人員 之訓練水準相當的一個複雜程度上運作，舉例來說，元件 本紙張尺度適⑺。x297i7
A7 B7 五、發明説明（25 ) 處理軟體可藉由提供與牙齒之處理許可及禁止相關的反饋 ，輔助一位缺乏畸齒矯正訓練之電腦操作人員。另一方面 ，一位在口腔内生理學及牙齒運動力學中具有較純熟技術 的畸齒矯正醫師能夠簡單地利用元件辨識及處理軟體作為 一種工具，並放棄或忽視該診斷。 一旦中間及最終資料組產生，則牙具可根據第7圖中 所示加以製造。製造方法最妤是使用一種快速原型裝置200 ，例如一立體石版印刷機。特別適用之原型機為可購自加 州瓦倫西亞3D系統之Model SLA-250/50。快速原型機200 將選擇性地供將.一液體或其他非硬化樹脂.硬化成三維結構 ，使其能夠從剩下的非硬化樹脂中分離出來、清洗，不是 直接用作牙具就是間接用作製備牙具之鑄模。原型機200 將接收個別的數位資料組，並產生與每個期望牙具相對應 的一個結構。一般而言，由於快速原型機200可能使用一 種具有非最佳化機械性質之樹脂，且通常可能無法被患者 接受，因此利用原型機製備鑄模較佳，實際上該鑄模為治 療期間每個連續步驟中的正齒模。當正齒模備妥之後，可 利用一部傳統的壓力或真空造型機由一更合適之材料製備 牙具，例如可購自明尼蘇達州55902羅徹斯特市之Tru-Tain Plastics公司製造的Tru-Tain 0.03 in熱成形牙材。適合的壓 力鑄模設備可購自下列商標：紐約州Tonawanda市Great Lakes Orthodontic有限公司之BIOSTAR。造型機250直接 由正齒模及希望的材料中製備各牙具。適合的真空造型機 可購自Raintree Essix公司。 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公釐） (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 言 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製
Α7 Β7 五、發明説明（26 ) 製備好之後，多個具有本發明系統之牙具最好是一次 就全部供應給治療師，牙具將以某些方式標記，通常是直 接將序號印在牙具或標籤、包裝袋、或其他貼在或包'裝各 牙具的品目上面，以標示其使用次序。書面說明可選擇性 地附在系統上，用以說明患者必須根據標示在牙具或包裝 之其他部分上面的次序穿戴各牙具。依照這種方式使用牙 具可使患者牙齒漸進地復位至最終牙齒排列處。 雖然上文對本發明之較佳實施例作了一個完整的說明 ，然而亦可使用各種不同的替代方法、修正以及等值方式 。因此，上述說明不應限制本發明在依附項申請專利範圍 中定義之範圍。 (請先閎讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 、-α 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製
本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公釐）
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- 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 第871 09955號修正本 88年11月 1. 一種供將牙齒從初始.牙齒排列處.復._位.至最臭__牙.廣排列 處之系統，該系統包括有多個牙齒增量位置調整牙具 ，其包括有： 一個其幾何形狀經過挑選能將牙齒從初始牙齒排 列處復位至第一中間排列處的第一牙具； 一個或更多個其幾何形狀經過挑選能將牙齒從第 一中間排列處漸進地復位至下一個中間排列處的中間 牙具；_1 .. 一個其幾何形狀經過挑選能將牙齒從最後一個中 間排列處漸進地復位至最終牙齒排列處的最終牙具。 2. 如申請專利範圍第1項之系統，其中諸牙具包括有聚合 體外殼，該外殼具有其形狀能夠容納奠彈性地將牙齒 從某一排列處復位至下一個排ϋ處的腔室 3. 如申請專利範圍第2項之系統，其中由每個相鄰牙具内 之腔室界定的牙齒位置與先前牙具界定的牙齒位置之 間差異不请/超過之_。 4. 如申請專利範圍第1項之系統，其包括有至少兩個中間 ‘牙具。 5. 如申請專利範圍第4項之系統，其包栝有至少_土假中間 牙具。 6〆如申請專利範圍第5項之系統」其中包括有至少二十毛 、個中間牙具。 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) Α4規格（210Χ297公嫠） (請先閣讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁)經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 第871 09955號修正本 88年11月 1. 一種供將牙齒從初始.牙齒排列處.復._位.至最臭__牙.廣排列 處之系統，該系統包括有多個牙齒增量位置調整牙具 ，其包括有： 一個其幾何形狀經過挑選能將牙齒從初始牙齒排 列處復位至第一中間排列處的第一牙具； 一個或更多個其幾何形狀經過挑選能將牙齒從第 一中間排列處漸進地復位至下一個中間排列處的中間 牙具；_1 .. 一個其幾何形狀經過挑選能將牙齒從最後一個中 間排列處漸進地復位至最終牙齒排列處的最終牙具。 2. 如申請專利範圍第1項之系統，其中諸牙具包括有聚合 體外殼，該外殼具有其形狀能夠容納奠彈性地將牙齒 從某一排列處復位至下一個排ϋ處的腔室 3. 如申請專利範圍第2項之系統，其中由每個相鄰牙具内 之腔室界定的牙齒位置與先前牙具界定的牙齒位置之 間差異不请/超過之_。 4. 如申請專利範圍第1項之系統，其包括有至少兩個中間 ‘牙具。 5. 如申請專利範圍第4項之系統，其包栝有至少_土假中間 牙具。 6〆如申請專利範圍第5項之系統」其中包括有至少二十毛 、個中間牙具。 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) Α4規格（210Χ297公嫠） (請先閣讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁)六、申請專利範圍 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 7. —種將牙齒復位之改良方法，係利用具有聚合體外殼 之牙具，該外殼具有其形狀能夠容納並以彈性方式將 牙齒復位而形成最終牙齒排列的腔复，菩中改良主處 包括有在治療開始時決定至少—三種必>|金患者連續配、 截之^一是的幾何形壯，以將牙齒從初始牙齒排列處復 --- .. ' -—— - --……....... ............... -·. . 位至.最終牙_.齒排列處。 8. 如申請專利範圍第7項之改良方法，其中至少有四種幾 _ ............. 何形狀於開始時決定。 9. 如申請專利範圍第8項之改良方法，其中至少有十種幾 ' 何形狀於開始時決定。 1 0.如申請專利範圍第9項之改良方法（，其中至少有二十五 種幾何形狀於|差座與1g。 11. 如申請專利範圍第7項之改良方法，其中由每個相鄰幾 «' ............- . * .、 .....—----------------------------------, 何形狀内冬腔室界定農IfJ立置直_幾」51 ，'齒位置之間_...美·異不會超過2 nun。 12. —種產生表示最終牙齒排列之數位資料組的方法，該 方法包括有： 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 '提供一個表示初始牙齒排列之起始數位資料組； 根據起始資料組呈現出視覺影像； 處理視覺影像以將各牙齒1色見—覺〜影像中；以 及 .利用從影像中觀.測到的已復位牙齒，產生表示最 終牙齒排列之數位資料組。 13. 如申請專利範圍第1夂項—之方法，-其^提供一表始一』1 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公釐） 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 ----- 申請專利範圍 齒排列之起始數位資料組的步驟包括 之三維模型。 印箱患者牙齒 14·如申請專利範圍第13項之方法，其中處 繞著至少其中一些個.別牙“界::::包括有: .使至少其中一些牙齒邊界相對於二二 成的個影像中之其他牙齒而'移勢。 種用以產生.多.姻.表...孟二Γ-連—皋4固__別无齒；^ ^ ^ 剛進至最終拂別處之避 方车二% 亥. 碭方法包括 提供一個表H始牙齒排列之教位資料組； 提乾一個表示最終牙齒屬列之數位資料組； _根據所提供的數位資料組，產生支個一連―續—的數位 •料、’且其中該多個—數位—資避組表申從初始牙齒排列 處前進至最終牙齒排列處之一系列連續牙齒排列情形 〇 16'如申請專利範圍第15項之方法，其中提供表示初錢 齒排列之數位資料組的步、驟包括有氛描患者牙齒之： 維模型。 '< 一 17·如申請專利範圍第15項之方法，其中提供表示最終牙， 齒排列之數位資料組的步驟包括有： 繞著至少其中一些個別牙齒而界定出邊界；以及 使至少其中一，些牙齒邊界相對於拫據急位資料形 成的一個影像中之其他牙齒'而移動，以產生最終資料 組。 私紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)八4規格（210><297公瘦） (請先閎讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁)A8 B8 C8 D8 六、申請專利範圍 1 8 ·如申請專利範圍第1 5項之方法’其中產生多個連續數 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 位資料組之步驟包括有判定起始資料組和最終資料組 之間的差異，並將該差異作内插運算。 19. 如申請專利範圍第1¾項之方法，其中該内插步驟包括 有線性内插。 20. 如申請專利範圍第18項之方法，'其中旅典插…步—驟包括 有非線性内插。. 21. 如申請專利範圍第18項之方法，其更包括有在初始牙 齒排列處與最終牙齒排列處之間界$ —個或更多個鍵 架，並插入該鍵架之間。 22. —種製造多個牙齒增量位置調整牙具之方法，該方法 包括有： 提供一個表示初始牙齒排列之數位資料組； 提供一個表示最終牙齒排列之數位資料、组、； 根據所提供的數位資料組，產生多個連-續的數位 資料組，其中該多個數位資料組^表示從初始牙齒排列 處-就牙齒排列處之一U連續牙齒排列情形 D 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 根據至少〜其过一些產_生—的—數位―置Jt复f具 Ο 2 3 ^如申請-專利-範番第2 2項之方法，其中名―供—表牟_哲始牙- 齒排列之數位資料組、的步驟包有掃描患者牙齒之三 、 —. . ..........-··. ~—- 、— . .· 維模型。 24.知申請專利範圍第22項之方法，其中提、供表示最終无 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公釐） 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 A8 B8 C8 D8六、申請專利範圍 齒排列之數位資料組的步驟包括有： t繞著至少其中一些個別ϋ而界定出邊界;以及 使至少其中一些牙齒邊界相據數位資料形 ^ ......—......~ ------------- 成的一個影像中之其他牙齒兔移動，產圭最終資料 組。 25. 如申請專利範圍第22項之方法，其中產生多個連續數 "…. ..· -· ... , 位資料組之步驟包括有判定起始資料組和最終資料組 之間的差異，並將該差異作内插琿算。 26. 如申請專利範圍第25項之方法，其中該内插步驟包括 有線性内插。 27. 如申請專利範猶第25項之方—法，其中詨1插步慶包括 有非線性内插。 2 8.如申請專利範圍第25項之方法，其更包括有在初始牙 齒排列處與最終牙齒排列處之間界定一個或更多個鍵 架，並插入該鍵架之間。 29.如申請專利範圍第22項之方法，其中製造步驟包括有： 根據連續數位資料組控制一部t逵機，以_製_廣連 續牙齒排列之連續正齒.模；以及 將牙具-体成jE章蹲的一個負模。 3 0 ·如申請專利範圍第2 9項之方-法一，〜其一中-名-制-步直〜括有： 提供大1的非硬化:签彦一體-樹-脂；码！ 利用雷射Ι ι描i選擇性地_將檄_脂硬化成_根據數位 資料組—释成_.的—形狀，以製備出正齒摸。 3 1 ·如申讀專利範圍第2 9 —項〜之方法，其中製^造步一驟包括有 (請先聞讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) ------------：——5¾裝 •—訂---Ί. -9 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公釐） 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 A8 Βδ C8 -----_________- 六、申請專利範圍 在正齒模上方塑造出牙昇。 32.種—製—牙--^―备-务-法—~’―該—方括,有· 揭供一jH-示正-過位....資料 組； ， 根據ϋ—資一料氣控部製造機_，义1_備—二個修， _—----------- 正{過‘牙齒排列之正齒模；以及 聲-牙、具.製.備成'兵―齒掇的—個.負模。 3 3.如申睛專利範—圍第3 2項之―方法，其中、控制—步驟―包—括〜有—： 主:1的非！作-聚舍—體樹脂；以及 利用雷射—掃描――而選擇i地—將.樹脂硬、化I根農、數位 負料.....H成.的..、形..狀丄...以..._製養.杳長直^奠。 34··如申凊專利範圍箏32項之方法，甚中製造步驟包括有 在正樽上方塑..造良牙J·。 3 5 · —種製造、i具立 ，提供一個表示修年過的患者牙齒排列之第一數体 資料組； ( 由第一數位資料組產生第二數位資料組，其中第 二資料表示修正過牙齒排列之負模；_以及 根據第二數位資料組控..制一部製造機，以製備牙 具。 36. 如申請專利範圍第35項之方法，其中控制步驟包括有 選擇性地硬化一種非硬化樹-脂以製備牙具，並將牙具 /從其餘液體樹脂中分開。 37. 如申請專利範圍第35項之方法，其中該牙具包括有一 本紙張尺度逋用中國國家標準（CNS ) Μ規格（210><297公釐） C請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 、τ· A8 δδ C8 D8 六、申請專利範圍 個聚合體外殼，該外殼具有其形狀能夠容納並彈性地將牙 、 · · · 齒從初始牙齒排列處復位至修正過之牙齒排列處 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公釐）
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Cited By (1)
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| TWI695710B (zh) * | 2019-06-11 | 2020-06-11 | 國立中正大學 | 多功能牙套之製作方法 |
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