PL191118B1 - Kwas 2(S)-(2-benzoilo-fenyloamino)-3-{4-[2-(5-metylo-2-fenylo-oksazol-4-ilo)-etoksy]-fenylo}-propionowy, kompozycja farmaceutyczna zawierająca ten związek oraz jego zastosowanie - Google Patents
Kwas 2(S)-(2-benzoilo-fenyloamino)-3-{4-[2-(5-metylo-2-fenylo-oksazol-4-ilo)-etoksy]-fenylo}-propionowy, kompozycja farmaceutyczna zawierająca ten związek oraz jego zastosowanieInfo
- Publication number
- PL191118B1 PL191118B1 PL328871A PL32887197A PL191118B1 PL 191118 B1 PL191118 B1 PL 191118B1 PL 328871 A PL328871 A PL 328871A PL 32887197 A PL32887197 A PL 32887197A PL 191118 B1 PL191118 B1 PL 191118B1
- Authority
- PL
- Poland
- Prior art keywords
- compound
- phenyl
- ppar
- gamma
- 6alkylene
- Prior art date
Links
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Classifications
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- C07D213/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D213/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
- C07D213/60—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D213/62—Oxygen or sulfur atoms
- C07D213/63—One oxygen atom
- C07D213/64—One oxygen atom attached in position 2 or 6
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- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
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- A61K31/185—Acids; Anhydrides, halides or salts thereof, e.g. sulfur acids, imidic, hydrazonic or hydroximic acids
- A61K31/19—Carboxylic acids, e.g. valproic acid
- A61K31/192—Carboxylic acids, e.g. valproic acid having aromatic groups, e.g. sulindac, 2-aryl-propionic acids, ethacrynic acid
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- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/21—Esters, e.g. nitroglycerine, selenocyanates
- A61K31/215—Esters, e.g. nitroglycerine, selenocyanates of carboxylic acids
- A61K31/216—Esters, e.g. nitroglycerine, selenocyanates of carboxylic acids of acids having aromatic rings, e.g. benactizyne, clofibrate
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/335—Heterocyclic compounds having oxygen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. fungichromin
- A61K31/35—Heterocyclic compounds having oxygen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. fungichromin having six-membered rings with one oxygen as the only ring hetero atom
- A61K31/352—Heterocyclic compounds having oxygen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. fungichromin having six-membered rings with one oxygen as the only ring hetero atom condensed with carbocyclic rings, e.g. methantheline
- A61K31/353—3,4-Dihydrobenzopyrans, e.g. chroman, catechin
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- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
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Abstract
1. Zwiazek o wzorze (l) : jakim jest kwas 2 (S)-(2-benzoilo-fenyloamino)-3-{4-[2-(5-metylo-2-fenylo-oksazol-4-ilo)-etoksy]- -fenylo}-propionowy, lub jego farmaceutycznie dopuszczalna sól lub solwat. PL PL PL PL PL PL PL PL PL
Description
Opis wynalazku
Przedmiotem niniejszego wynalazku jest nowy związek kwasu 2(S)-(2-benzoilo-fenyloamino)-3-{4-[2-(5-metylo-2-fenylo-oksazol-4-ilo)-etoksy]-fenylo}-propionowy, kompozycja farmaceutyczna zawierająca ten związek oraz jego zastosowanie w medycynie. Przedmiotowy związek wykazuje aktywność, w tym aktywność agonistyczną, wobec aktywowanego peroksysomowym proliferatorem receptora gamma (PPAR-gamma) umożliwiającą im modulowanie poziomu glukozy we krwi u ssaków.
Leczenie typu II lub insulinoniezależnej cukrzycy (NIDDM) jest niezadowalające pomimo szerokiego stosowania insuliny, sulfonylomoczników (np. chlorpropamid, tolbutamid, tolazamid), i biguanidów (np. phenformin, metformin) jako doustnych środków hipoglikemicznych. Leczenie NIDDM zwykle rozpoczyna się kombinacją diety i ćwiczeń, z dalszym doustnym podawaniem środków hipoglikemicznych (np. sulfonylomoczników) i w ostrzejszych przypadkach, insuliny. Niestety dostępne środki hipoglikemiczne dają liczne niepożądane toksyczne skutki ograniczające ich przydatność w leczeniu NIDDM. Istnieje wyraźne zapotrzebowanie na opracowanie nowych środków hipoglikemicznych, które mogą być mniej toksyczne lub które skutkują, gdy inne są nieskuteczne.
W ostatniej dekadzie klasa związków znanych jako tiazolidynodiony (np. opisy patentowe Stanów Zjednoczonych Ameryki nr 5089514, 4342771, 4367234, 4340605, 5306726) pojawiły się jako skuteczne przeciwcukrzycowe środki polepszające wrażliwość na insulinę docelowych tkanek (mięśni szkieletowych, wątroby, tkanki tłuszczowej) w modelach zwierzęcych NIDDM, a także redukują poziomy lipidów i insuliny w tych modelach zwierzęcych. Ostatnio wykazano, że tiazolidinodion troglitazon okazał się mieć ten sam korzystny wpływ na ludzkich pacjentów cierpiących na upośledzoną tolerancję glukozy, stan metaboliczny poprzedzający rozwój NIDDM, jak i pacjentów cierpiących na NIDDM (J. J. Nolan i in., N. Eng. J. Med. 1188-1193, 331 (1994)). Chociaż mechanizm działania jest niejasny, tiazolidinodiony nie powodują wzrostu sekrecji insuliny lub liczby i powinowactwa miejsc wiązania receptora insuliny, sugerując, że tiazolidinodiony wzmacniają poreceptorowe zdarzenia w kaskadzie sygnalizacji insulinowej (J. R. Colca i D. R. Morton, Antihyperglycemic tiazolidinediones: ciglitazone and its analogs w New Antidiabetic Drugs, wyd. C. J. Bailey i P. R. Flatt, Smith-Gordon, New York, 255-261 (1990)).
Tiazolidinodiony indukują także in vitro różnicowanie adipocytów w preadipocytowych liniach komórek (A. Hiragun i in. J. Cell. Physiol. 924-930, 134 (1988); R. F. Kleitzen i in., Mol. Pharmacol. 393-398, 41 (1992)). Traktowanie preadipocytowych linii komórek tiazolidynodionem pioglitazonem powoduje zwiększenie ekspresji specyficznych dla adipocytów genów aP2 i adypsyny, jak też białek transportujących glukozę GLUT-1 i GLUT-4, co sugeruje, że hipoglikemiczny wpływ tiazolidynodionów in vivo może być mediowany przez tkankę tłuszczową.
Ostatnio odkryto członka nadrodziny receptorów steroidowych/tarczycowych/retinoidowych aktywowanych ligandem czynników transkrypcyjnych nazwany aktywowanym peroksysomowym proliferatorem receptorem gamma (PPAR-gamma). PPAR-gamma jest jednym z podrodziny blisko spokrewnionych PPAR kodowanych niezależnymi genami (C. Dreyer, i in., Cell 879-887, 68 (1992); A. Schmidt, i in., Mol. Endocrinol. 1634-1641, 6, (1992); Y. Zhu, i in., J. Biol. Chem. 26897-26820, 268 (1993); S. A. Kliewer i in., Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA 7355-7359, 91, (1994)). Wydzielono trzy PPAR ssaków i nazwano PPAR-alfa, PPAR-gamma i NUC-1. Te PPAR regulują ekspresję docelowych genów wiążąc się z elementami sekwencji DNA, nazwanymi elementami odpowiedzi PPAR (PPRE). Jak dotąd PPRE zidentyfikowano w enhancerach licznych genów kodujących białka regulujące metabolizm lipidów, co sugeruje, że PPAR grają istotną rolę w adypogennej kaskadzie sygnałowej i homeostazie lipidów (H. Keller i W. Wahli, Trends Endocrin. Met. 291-296, 4 (1993)). Obecnie doniesiono, że tiazolidynodiony są silnymi i selektywnymi aktywatorami PPAR-gamma i wiążą się bezpośrednio z receptorem PPAR-gamma (J. M. Lehmann i in., J. Biol. Chem. 12953-12956, 270 (1995)), udowadniając, że PPAR-gamma jest możliwym celem działania leczniczego tiazolidynodionów.
Odkryto obecnie nową grupę związków wiążących się i aktywujących receptor PPAR-gamma. Związki te także wykazują dobrą aktywność obniżania poziomu glukozy we krwi, awięc mają zastosowanie w leczeniu i/lub profilaktyce hiperglikemii, dyslipidemii i w szczególności w leczeniu cukrzycy typu II.
Mogą także mieć zastosowanie w leczeniu i/lub profilaktyce innych chorób, w tym cukrzycy typu I, hipertriglicerydemii, zespołu X, oporności na insulinę, niewydolności krążenia, dyslipidemii cukrzycowej, hyperlipidemii, hypercholesteremii, nadciśnienia i chorób układu krążenia, szczególnie miażdżycy naczyń. Ponadto te związki mogą być przydatne w regulowaniu apetytu i pobieraniu pokarmów u pacjentów cierpiących na zaburzenia takie jak otyłość, anoreksja, bulimia, i anoreksja psychiczna.
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Odpowiednio przedmiotem niniejszego wynalazku jest związek o wzorze (I):
jakim jest kwas 2(S)-(2-benzoilo-fenyloamino)-3-{4-[2-(5-metylo-2-fenylo-oksazol-4-ilo)-etoksy]-fenylo}-propionowy, lub jego farmaceutycznie dopuszczalna sól lub solwat.
Przedmiotem jest również kompozycja farmaceutyczna zawierająca farmaceutycznie dopuszczalny nośnik oraz jako substancję aktywną przedmiotowy związek o wzorze (I) lub jego farmaceutycznie dopuszczalną sól lub solwat.
Przedmiotem jest także zastosowanie związku o wzorze (I) lub jego farmaceutycznie dopuszczalnej soli lub solwatu, do wytwarzania leku przeznaczonego do leczenia choroby mediowanej PPAR-gamma, do wytwarzania leku przeznaczonego do leczenia do obniżenia poziomu glukozy we krwi, oraz do wytwarzania leku przeznaczonego do leczenia cukrzycy typu II.
Jest zrozumiałe dla specjalisty, że termin leczenie rozciąga się na profilaktykę, jak też leczenie ustabilizowanych chorób lub objawów. Ponadto należy rozumieć, że ilość związku według wynalazku konieczna do stosowania w leczeniu będzie się wahała w zależności od natury leczonego stanu oraz wielu i stanu pacjenta i będzie ostatecznie zależała od decydującego o tym lekarza lub weterynarza. Jednak ogólnie dawki stosowane przy leczeniu ludzi będą typowo w zakresie 0,02-5000 mgdziennie, np. 1-1500 mg dziennie. Żądana dawka może być dogodnie podawana w jednej porcji lub w podzielonych porcjach w odpowiednich odstępach, np. jako dwie, trzy, cztery lub więcej porcji dziennie.
Chociaż możliwe jest podawanie związku według niniejszego wynalazku w celach leczniczych leczniczo jako surowego związku, korzystnie przygotowuje się składnik czynny w postaci farmaceutycznej kompozycji. Kompozycja oprócz związku o wzorze (I) lub jego farmaceutycznie dopuszczalnej soli lub solwatu, jednego lub kilka farmaceutycznie dopuszczalnego nośnika, może zawierać ewentualnie inne lecznicze i/lub profilaktyczne składniki. Nośniki muszą być „dopuszczalne” w tym sensie, że są zgodne z innymi składnikami preparatu i nie są szkodliwe dla przyjmującego.
Kompozycja według niniejszego wynalazku obejmuje postacie szczególnie wytworzone do podawania doustnego, policzkowego, pozajelitowego, przezskórnego, inhalacji, donosowego, śluzówkowego, implantowego lub doodbytniczego, jednakże korzystne jest podawanie doustne. Do policzkowego podawania, preparat może mieć postać tabletek lub kołaczyków skomponowanych w konwencjonalny sposób. Tabletki i kapsułki do doustnego podawania mogą zawierać konwencjonalne zarobki, takie jak środki wiążące, (np., syrop, guma arabska, żelatyna, sorbitol, tragakant, klej skrobiowy lub poliwinylopirolidon), wypełniacze (np., laktoza, cukier, mikrokrystaliczna celuloza, skrobia kukurydziana, fosforan wapnia lub sorbitol), środki smarujące (np., stearynian magnezu, kwas stearynowy, talk, poli(glikol etylenowy) lub krzemionka), środki dezintegrujące (np., skrobia ziemniaczana lub glikolan skrobi sodowej) lub środki zwilżające, takie jak laurylosiarczan sodu. Tabletki mogą być powlekane zgodnie ze sposobami dobrze znanymi.
Alternatywnie, związek według niniejszego wynalazku można wprowadzać do doustnych ciekłych preparatów takich jak np. wodne lub olejowe zawiesiny, roztwory, emulsje, syropy lub eliksiry. Ponadto preparaty zawierające te związki można sporządzać jako suchy produkt do roztwarzania w wodzie lub innych odpowiednich nośnikach przed użyciem. Takie ciekłe preparaty mogą zawierać konwencjonalne dodatki takie jak środki tworzenia zawiesin takie jak syrop sorbitolu, metyloceluloza, syrop glukoza/cukier, żelatyna, hydroksyetyloceluloza, karboksymetyloceluloza, żel stearynianu glinu lub uwodorniane jadalne tłuszcze; środki emulgujące takie jak lecytyna, monooleinian sorbitanu lub guma arabska; niewodne nośniki (które mogą obejmować jadalne oleje) takie jak olej migdałowy, frakcjonowany olej kokosowy, estry olejowe, glikol propylenowy lub alkohol etylowy; i konserwanty takie jak p-hydroksybenzoesany metylu lub propylu lub kwas sorbowy. Takie preparaty mogą także być preparowane jako czopki, np., zawierające konwencjonalne podstawy do czopków takie jak masło kakaowe lub inne glicerydy.
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Dodatkowo, kompozycja według niniejszego wynalazku może być komponowane do pozajelitowego podawania przez zastrzykiwanie lub ciągłą infuzję. Preparaty do iniekcji mogą przybierać takie formy jak zawiesiny, roztwory lub emulsje w olejowych lub wodnych nośnikach i mogą zawierać środki tworzące preparat, takie jak środki tworzące zawiesiny, stabilizujące i/lub dyspergujące. Alternatywnie, składnik czynny może być proszkiem do roztwarzania w odpowiednim nośniku (np., sterylnej, apirogennej wodzie) przed użyciem.
Kompozycja według wynalazku może także być wytwarzana jako depot. Takie długo działające preparaty można podawać przez wszczepienie (np. podskórnie lub domięśniowo) lub przez zastrzyk domięśniowy. Odpowiednio, związki według wynalazku można komponować z odpowiednimi polimerycznymi lub hydrofobowymi substancjami (np. jako emulsję w dopuszczalnym oleju), żywicami jonowymiennymi lub jako słabo rozpuszczalne pochodne jak słabo rozpuszczalne sole.
Kompozycja według wynalazku może zawierać 0,1-99% składnika czynnego, dogodnie 30-95% dla tabletek i kapsułek i 3-50% przez ciekłych preparatów.
Zgodnie z ogólnym procesem wytwarzania, związek o wzorze (I) można wytwarzać ze związku o wzorze (II), w którym Ph oznacza fenyl, ze związkiem o wzorze (III), w którym R oznacza atom wodoru H, lub Ms opuszczającą grupę mezylanową
Odpowiednie warunki reakcji w załączonych przykładach jak również w publikacji, np., Chung iin., Selective Functionalization of (S)-Tyrosine, Tetrahedron, 49(26), str. 5767-5776, (1993), Solar iin., Selective O-Alkilation of Tyrosine, Journal of Organie Chemistry, 31, str. 1996-1997 (1966), O.Mitsunobu, Synthesis, str. 1 (1981), i D.L. Hughes, Org. React. tom 42, str. 335 (1992).
Związek o wzorze (II) otrzymuje się ze związku o wzorze (IIa)
poprzez odwodornienie z udziałem katalizatora odwodornienia w obecności akceptora wodoru. Korzystnie akceptorem wodoru jest aromatyczny nitrozwiązek.
Następujące przykłady podano dla zilustrowania syntezy związku według niniejszego wynalazku. Stosowane tutaj symbole i konwencje stosowane w tych procesach, schematach i przykładach są zgodne ze stosowanymi w współczesnej literaturze naukowej, np., Journal of the American Chemical Society. Jeśli nie podano inaczej, wszystkie substraty otrzymano ze źródeł handlowych i użyto bez dalszego oczyszczania. Konkretnie następujące skróty można stosować w przykładach i w opisie: g (gramy); mg (miligramy); l (litry); ml (mililitry); ml (mikrolitry); psi (funty na cal kwadratowy); M (molowy); mM (milimolowy); i. v. (dożylny); Hz (herc); MHz (megaherc); mol (mole); RT lub rt (temperatura pokojowa); min (minuty); h (godziny); mp. (temperatura topnienia); TLC (chromatografia cienkowarstwowa); HPLC (chromatografia cieczowa wysokociśnieniowa); tr (czas retencji); RP (odwrócone fazy); MeOH (metanol); TFA (kwas trifluorooctowy); THF (tetrahydrofuranu); DMSO (dimetylosulfotlenek); EtOAc (octan etylu); DCM (dichlorometan); DMF (dimetyloformamid); Et3N (trietyloamina); 1,1-karbonylodiimidazol (CDI); chloromrówczan izobutylu (iBuCF); N-hydroksysukcynimid (HOSu);
PL 191 118 B1
N-hydroksybenzotriazol (HOBT); azodikarboksylan dietylu (DEAD); diwęglan di-t-butylu ((BOC2)O); chlorowodorek etylokarbodiimidu (EDC); chlorek bis(2-okso-3-oksazolidynylo)fosfinowy (BOP); t-butyloksykarbonyl (BOO); dicykloheksylokarbodiimid (DCC); benzyloksykarbonyl (Cbz); NaHCO3 (nasycony wodny roztwór wodorowęglanu sodu). Wszystkie odnośniki do eteru oznaczają eter dietylowy; solanka odnosi się do nasyconego roztworu wodnego NaCl. Jeśli nie podano inaczej, wszystkie temperatury wyraża się w °C (stopniach Celsjusza). Wszystkie reakcje prowadzono w temperaturze pokojowej, jeśli nie podano inaczej.
Widma 1HNMR rejestrowano na instrumencie Varian VXR-300, Varian Unity-300 lub Varian Unity-400. Przesunięcia chemiczne wyraża się w częściach na milion (ppm, 8 jednostek). Stałe sprzężenia wyrażone są w hercach (Hz). Wzory rozszczepień oznaczono jako s, singlet; d, dublet; t, tryplet; q, kwartet; m, multiplet; br, szerokie.
Widma masowe o niskiej rozdzielczości (MS) zarejestrowano na spektrometrach JOEL JMS-AK505HA, JOEL SX-102 lub SCIEX-APIiii. Wszystkie widma masowe zarejestrowano w trybie jonów dodatnich przy jonizacji elektronatryskowej (ES), chemicznej jonizacji (CI), uderzenia elektronowego (El) lub szybkiego bombardowania atomów (FAB). Podczerwone (IR) widma otrzymano na spektrometrze Nicolet 510 FT-IR stosując 1mm celkę NaCl. Skręcenie zarejestrowano na polarymetrze Perkin-Elmer 241. Wszystkie reakcje obserwowano metodą cienkowarstwowej chromatografii na 0,25 mm płytkach na żelu krzemionkowym E. Merck (60F-254), z wizualizacją światłem UV, 7% kwasem etanolofosfomolibdenowym lub roztworem aldehydu p-anizolowego. Rzutową kolumnową chromatografię przeprowadzono na żelu krzemionkowym (230-400 mesh, Merck).
Produkty oczyszczono metodą preparatywnej wysokociśnieniowej cieczowej chromatografii z odwróconymi fazami (RP-HPLC) z użyciem Waters Model 3000 Delta Prep wyposażonego w nabój z promieniowym upakowaniem Delta-pak (C18, 300 A, 15 m,47 mm x 300 mm) lub systemu Pharmacia LKB z użyciem kolumn krzemionkowym Merck Lobar lub C18 z odwróconymi fazami. Liniowe gradienty stosowane we wszystkich przypadkach i natężenie przepływu wynosiło 10-100 ml/minutę (t0= 5,0 min.). Wszystkie rozpuszczalniki zawierały 0,1% TFA. Analityczną czystość oceniano metodą RP-HPLC stosując system Waters 600E wyposażony w spektrometr z macierzą diodową Waters 990 (I zakres 200-400 nM) lub system Hewlett Packard seria 1050 wyposażony w spektrometr z macierzą diodową. Fazą stacjonarną była kolumna Dynamax C8 (25 cm x 4,1 mm), Dynamax 60A C18 (25cm x 4,6 mm), Vydac C18 (5 m, 4,6 mm x 250 mm) lub Rainin C18(5 m, 4,6 mm x 250 mm). Natężenie przepływu wynosiło 1,0 do1,5 ml/min. (t0=2,8 lub 3,0 min.) i układy rozpuszczalników były jak opisano poniżej. Enancjomeryczną czystość oceniono stosując kolumnę Chiralpak AD (25 cm x 4,6 mm) lub Chiralpak OD (25 cm x 4,6 mm) na systemie Hewlett Packard seria 1050 wyposażonym w spektrometr z macierzą diodową lub systemie Supercritical Fluid (SFC) stosując CO2/metanol jako ruchomą fazę.
Przykład 1
Związek pośredni 1 ester metylowy kwasu (S)-2-(2-benzoilo-fenyloamino)-3-(4-hydroksyfenylo)-propionowego
Mieszaną mieszaninę 92 g (0,45 mol) 2-benzoilocyklo-heksanonu, (Danny, W. A. i in. J. Med. Chem. 1978, 21 (5), 430-7) 78 g (0,40 mol) estru metylowego L-tyrozyny, 17,0 g palladu na węglu aktywnym (10%) ogrzewano z refluksem przez 2 godziny w 1 l anizolu, powstałą wodę usunięto w urządzeniu Deana-Starka. Mieszaninę ochłodzono do 80°C i Pd/C odsączono i przemyto 50 ml anizolu trzykrotnie. Mieszaninę ochłodzono do 40°C, dodano 1l heksanu i trzymano w temperaturze -20°C przez 48 godzin. Ciało stałe przesączono, przemyto 200 ml heksanu pięciokrotnie z wytworzeniem 89,0 g surowego estru metylowego kwasu (S)-2-(2-benzoilo-fenyloamino)-3-(4-hydroksyfenylo)-propionowego. To ciało stałe zmieszano z 220 ml MeOH i zawiesinę ogrzewano z refluksem przez 30 min. Mieszaninę ochłodzono do 0°C, produkt przesączono i przemyto 50 ml zimnego (-20°C) MeOH dwukrotnie, następnie osuszono pod zmniejszonym ciśnieniem z wytworzeniem 67,4 g tytułowego związku. Temperatura topnienia 185-6°C; MS niskiej rozdzielczości (ESP+) m/e 376 (MH+).
Przykład 2
Związek pośredni 2 ester metylowy kwasu 2(S)-(2-benzoilo-fenyloamino)-3-{4-[2-(5-metylo-2-fenylo-oksazol-4-ilo)-etoksy]-fenylo}-propionowego
Roztwór 0,25 g związku pośredniego 1 (0,67 mmol), 0,20 g 2-(5-metylo-2-fenylo-oksazol-4-ilo)etanolu (0,98 mmol, 1,5 równoważnika, Maybridge), i 0,35 g trifenylofosfiny (1,33 mmol, 2,0 równoważnika) w 10 ml bezwodnego THF ochłodzono do 0°C i potraktowano 0,21 ml azodikarboksylanu dietylu (1,33 mmol, 2,0 równoważnika). Reakcję pozostawiono do ogrzania do temperatury pokojowej
PL 191 118B1 przez 18 godzin, zatężono pod próżnią, oczyszczono metodą chromatografii rzutowej na żelu krzemionkowym (7:3 heksan:EtOAc). Dało to 0,26 g (70%) tytułowego związku jako żółtej piany: temperatura topnienia 55-60°C; MS niskiej rozdzielczości (ES) m/e 561 (MH+).
Przykład 3 kwas 2 (S)-(2-benzoilo-fenyloamino)-3-{4-(2-(5-metylo-2-fenylo-oksazol-4-ilo)-etoksy]-fenylo}-propionowy
Roztwór 0,21 g (0,37 mmol) związku pośredniego 2 w 20 ml 6:4 THF:woda potraktowano 13 mg (0,56 mmol, 1,5 równoważnika) LiOH. Po wymieszaniu w temperaturze pokojowej przez 3 godziny TLC (SiO2, 7:3 heksan:EtOAc) wskazała znaczącą ilość substratu przy Rf = 0,51 i główny nowy składnik przy początku. Roztwór potraktowano dodatkowymi 6 mg LiOH i mieszano przez dodatkowe 2 godziny, gdy TLC wskazała na brak substratu. Roztwór zobojętniono dodając 1 ml 1N wodnego roztworu HCl i odparowano na wyparce obrotowej dla usunięcia THF. Powstała żółta mieszanina, którą ekstrahowano CHCl3 (3 x 20 ml). Połączone ekstrakty przemyto wodą (3 x 50 ml), osuszono nad bezwodnym MgSO4 i zatężono pod zmniejszonym ciśnieniem z wytworzeniem 0,20 g (99%) tytułowego związku jako żółtej piany: temperatura topnienia 85-90°C; 1H-NMR (DMSO-d6, 200 MHz) d 8,66 (d, 1H, J=7,8), 7,91 (m, 2H), 7,64-7,33 (m, 10H), 7,13 (d, 2H, J=8,3), 6,82 (m, 3H), 6,62 (t, 1H, J=7,5), 4,54 (m, 1H), 4,15 (t, 2H, J=6,5), 3,10 (m, 2H), 2,90 (t, 2H, J=6, 5), 2,34 (s, 3H); MS niskiej rozdzielczości (ES) m/e 547 (MH+);
Anal. (C34H30N2O5OH2O)
Obliczono: C, 73,98; H, 5,59; N, 5,07
Znaleziono: C, 73,91; H, 5,62; N, 5,00;
TLC (CH2Cl2/MeOH(95:5)) : Rf=0,49.
Przykład 4
Alternatywny związek pośredni 1
Związek pośredni 1 wytworzono stosując następujący proces alternatywny. Ester metylowy L-tyrozyny (1,00 równoważnika, 0,96% wagowych), 2-benzoilocykloheksanon (W.A. Danny i in., J. Med. Chem., 21 (5), str. 430-437 (1978)) (1,00 równoważnika, 1,00% wagowych) i dimetoksyetan (5 objętości), połączono i ogrzewano do refluksu przez noc. 2-2,5 Objętości rozpuszczalnika usunięto przez destylację i zawiesinę pozostawiono do ochłodzenia do temperatury otoczenia. Produkt zebrano przez sączenie próżniowe, przemyto 0,5 objętościami zimnego dimetoksyetanu i osuszono pod zwykłą próżnią przez noc. Ten produkt (1,00% wagowych, 1,00 równoważnika) połączono z 10% palladu na węglu, (0,10% wagowych), paranitrotoluenem (0,75 równoważnika, 0,27% wagowych) i 1-butanolem (8,0 -12,0 objętości) i ogrzewano do intensywnego refluksu przez cztery do 18 godzin w atmosferze azotu. Zawiesinę przesączono na gorąco, pod azotem, przez warstwę celitu, warstwę przemyto gorącym 1-butanolem (2-5 objętości) i przesącz ochłodzono do temperatury otoczenia. Po ochłodzeniu kryształy zebrano przez sączenie próżniowe, przemyto raz zimnym absolutnym etanolem i osuszono na powietrzu.
Przykład 5 kwas 2 (S)-(2-benzoilo-fenyloamino)-3-{4-(2-(5-inetylo-2-fenylo-oksazol-4-ilo)-etoksy]-fenylo}-propionowy
Związek wytworzono następującym alternatywnym sposobem. Do zawiesiny fenolu, związku pośredniego 117, (1,0 równoważnika, 1,0% wagowych) w dimetylosulfotlenku (1,0 objętości)/wodzie (2,0 objętości) dodano stały NaOH (2,4 równoważnika, 0,26% wagowych). Powstały roztwór mieszano w temperaturze 50°C i roztwór mezylanu, związkupośredniego 167 (1,28 równoważnika, 1,0% wagowych) w dimetylosulfotlenku (3,0 objętości) dodano kroplami z szybkością pozwalającą zachować temperaturę 48-52°C. Tę mieszaninę mieszano w temperaturze 48-52°C przez 22 godziny, ochłodzono do 25°C i przemyto trzykrotnie eterem metylowo-t-butylowym (6,0 objętości). Fazęwodną rozcieńczono najpierw etanolem (2,0 objętości), a następnie lodowatym kwasem octowym (2,0 objętości), anastępnie dodano kroplami wodę (6,0 objętości) do roztworu z energicznym mieszaniem. Zarodki kryształów dodano, gdy roztwór stał się mętny. Powstały osad przesączono, przemyto wodą (6,0 objętości), następnie etanolem:wodą 150:50 (12,0 objętości) i osuszono próżniowo w temperaturze 50°C. Powstałe żółte ciało stałe rekrystalizowano z etanolu:wody 195:5 (18,0 objętości) i osuszono próżniowo do stałej masy w temperaturze 50°C.
Przykład 6
Drugi alternatywny sposób wytwarzania przedmiotowego związku
Związek z przykładu 3 wytworzono następującym drugim alternatywnym sposobem. Do mieszaniny estru fenolu, związku pośredniego 23, (1% wagowych) 2-(5-metylo-2-fenylo-oksazol-4-ilo)etanolu (dostępny w handlu z Maybridge) (0,65% wagowych), i trifenylofosfiny (0,88% wagowych) w toluenie
PL 191 118 B1 (3,5 objętości) w temperaturze 40°C dodano roztwór azodikarboksylanu diizopropylu (0,66 objętości) w toluenie (0,5 objętości) kroplami z szybkością pozwalającą na utrzymanie temperatury pomiędzy 40 i 50°C. Po zakończeniu reakcji (HPLC) powstały roztwór zatężono pod zmniejszonym ciśnieniem w temperaturze 50°C usuwając toluen (2 objętości), pozostawiono do ochłodzenia do temperatury pokojowej, rozcieńczono eterem metylowo-t-butylowym (4 objętości) i ochłodzono do 0°C. Po godzinie w temperaturze 0°C mieszaninę przesączono dla usunięcia tlenku trifenylofosfiny i wkładkę filtracyjną przemyto zimnym (0°C) eterem metylowo-t-butylowym (2 objętości). Powstały roztwór przemyto 2,5 N NaOH (2,5 objętości, 0°C). Dodano 2,5 N NaOH (2,5 objętości) i mieszaninę mieszano w temperaturze pokojowej do zakończenia hydrolizy (HPLC). Dodano dimetylosulfotlenek (5 objętości) i fazy oddzielono. Fazę wodną przemyto eterem metylowo-t-butylowym (3 objętości), rozcieńczono najpierw etanolem (2,0 objętości), a następnie lodowatym kwasem octowym (2,0 objętości), następnie dodano kroplami wodę (6,0 objętości) do roztworu z energicznym mieszaniem. Zarodki kryształów dodano, gdy roztwór stał się mętny. Powstały osad przesączono, następnie przemyto etanolem:wodą/50:50 (6 objętości). Powstałe ciała stałe umieszczono w zawiesinie w gorącym etanolu:wodzie/50:50 (6 objętości) i przesączono w temperaturze 70°C. Powstałe żółte ciało stałe rekrystalizowano z etanolu:wody/95:5 (13,0 objętości) i osuszono próżniowo do stałej masy w temperaturze 50°C.
Wykazanie skuteczności związku
Protokoły
1. Próba nietrwałej współtransfekcji PPAR-gamma: Chimeryczne plazmidy ekspresji receptora pSG5-mPPARg i pSG5-hPPARg oraz plazmid reporterowy (UAS)5-tk-CAT opisano wcześniej (Kliewer, S. A., i in. Cell 83, 813-819 (1995); J. M. Lehmann i in., J. Biol. Chem. 92953-12956, 270 (1995)). Próby nietrwałej współtransfekcji z użyciem tych plazmidów przeprowadzono jak opisano wcześniej (Kliewer, S. A., i in. Cell 83, 813-819 (1995); J. M. Lehmann i in., J. Biol. Chein. 12953-12956, 270 (1995)).
2. Próba wiązania liganda hPPARgamma: Domenę wiązania liganda PPAR-gamma (aminokwasy 195-475) poddano ekspresji z N-terminalną 10x-histydynową etykietą w komórkach E. coli. Komórki poddano lizie i receptor oczyszczono przy pomocy epitopowej etykiety. Wyjściowy roztwór białka rozcieńczono do 200 nM w buforze próby (50 mM Tris, 50 mM KCl, 20 mM CHAPS pH 8, 2 mM EDTA, 10 mM DTT (Fresh)) tuż przed użyciem.
Testowe związki wytworzono jako 6 mM roztwory wyjściowe w DMSO. Dwa kolejne 10-krotne rozcieńczenia wykonano buforem próby z wytworzeniem stężeń związku i DMSO 60 mM i 1%, odpowiednio. 12,5 ml rozcieńczonego związku dodano do dołka ostatniej z lewej kolumny płytki do mikromiareczkowania zawierającej 67,5 ml bufora próby, zawartość dołka mieszano i 25 ml tego roztworu przeniesiono do kolejnego dołka, gdzie zmieszano go z 50 ml bufora próby (3-krotne rozcieńczenie). Tę operację powtórzono otrzymując łącznie 11 stężeń ułożonych rzędami w 96-dołkowej płytce dla każdego testowanego związku. Dołki z kolumny najbardziej na prawo użyto dla kontroli. Dla każdego eksperymentu odpowiednią ilość 3H-BRL 49653 wydmuchano do suchej masy w szklanej fiolce, ponownie umieszczono w zawiesinie w buforze próby (50 mM Tris, 50 mM KCl, 20 mM CHAPS pH 8, 2 mM EDTA, 10 mM DTT (Fresh)) z wytworzeniem stężenia 400 nM, wymieszano i sonikowano przez 10 sekund. Radioligand ([3H]-BRL 49653) i receptor dodano do każdego dołka płytki zawierającej testowany związek. Płytki inkubowano w temperaturze pokojowej przez 2 godziny, a następnie ochłodzono na lodzie przez 30 minut. 50 ml Próbki z każdego ciołka pojedynczej płytki testowej jednocześnie załadowano na. zrównoważony 96-dołkowy blok przesączania żelowego AGTC (Advanced Genetics Technology Corp.) stosując automatyczną pipetę Zymak Rapidplate. Blok umieszczono na wierzchu czystej płytki do mikromiareczkowania i odwirowano przy przeciążeniu 1100 g przez 4 min. Dodano 200 ml płynu scyntylacyjnego do każdego dołka, płytki uszczelniono i pozostawiono do zrównoważenia przez co najmniej 4 godziny przed zliczeniem na liczniku Wallac 1250 Microbeta.
Niespecyficzne wiązanie oceniane na podstawie kontrolnych dołków zawierających nadmiar [3H]-BRL 49653 odjęto od wartości dla wszystkich dołków i zbudowano wykresy stężenia związku względem związanego CPM. Ki określono z nieliniowego dopasowania metodą najmniejszych kwadratów danych do pojedynczego modelu wiązania współzawodniczącego. Dla celów analizy danych wykorzystano Kd dla [3HJ-BRL 49653 200 nM.
3. Ocena in vivo: Eksperymenty przeprowadzono na myszach db/db (n=40-48), w przybliżeniu w wieku 60 dni, podzielonych na grupy traktowane lekiem lub nośnikiem. Z każdej grupy 8-12 zwierząt umieszczono w klatkach metabolicznych Nalgene; 2 na klatkę. Resztę zwierząt pomieszczono w standardowych klatkach; 3-4 na klatkę. Testowane związki rozpuszczono w odpowiednim nośniku. Zwie8
PL 191 118B1 rzętom podawano nośnik lub związek (dawka -5 mg/kg) podawany w ilości 5 ml/kg, dwa razy dziennie, doustnym zgłębnikiem przez 10 dni. Dokonywano codziennych pomiarów dla myszy z metabolicznych klatek dla ustalenia zużycia pokarmu i wodę, wydalania moczu i glukozy w moczu oraz zmian masy ciała. Zwierzęta ze zwykłych klatek ważono co około 4 dni w przybliżeniu dla oceny zmian masy ciała. Równą liczbę zwierząt z każdej grupy zabierano w dniach 0, 4, 7 i 14. Myszy znieczulano izolfluranem, pobierano próbki krwi metodą nakłucie serca i analizowano dla określenia poziomu w osoczu glukozy, insuliny, łącznego cholesterolu, triglicerydów i nieestryfikowanych wolnych kwasów tłuszczowych (NEFA).
Dane biologiczne dla przedmiotowego związku
Związek
PPARg krotność aktywna
Przykład 3
PPARg EC50 PPARg Ki (nM) (nM)
20 % obniżenia glukozy w osoczu
70%
Claims (5)
- Zastrzeżenia patentowe1. Związek o wzorze (l): jakim jest kwas 2 (S)-(2-benzoilo-fenyloamino)-3-{4-[2-(5-metylo-2-fenylo-oksazol-4-ilo)-etoksy]-fenylo}propionowy, lub jego farmaceutycznie dopuszczalna sól lub solwat.
- 2. Kompozycja farmaceutyczna zawierająca substancję aktywną oraz farmaceutycznie dopuszczalny nośnik, znamienna tym, że jako substancję aktywną zawiera związek określony tak jak w zastrzeżeniu 1lub jego farmaceutycznie dopuszczalną sól lub solwat.
- 3. Zastosowanie związku określonego tak jak w zastrzeżeniu 1 lub jego farmaceutycznie dopuszczalnej soli lub solwatu, do wytwarzania leku przeznaczonego do leczenia choroby mediowanej PPAR-gamma.
- 4. Zastosowanie według zastrz. 3, znamienne tym, że dotyczy wytwarzania leku przeznaczonego do leczenia do obniżenia poziomu glukozy we krwi.
- 5. Zastosowanie według zastrz. 3, znamienne tym, że dotyczy leku przeznaczonego do leczenia cukrzycy typu II.
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GBGB9604242.9A GB9604242D0 (en) | 1996-02-28 | 1996-02-28 | Chemical compounds |
PCT/EP1997/000916 WO1997031907A1 (en) | 1996-02-28 | 1997-02-26 | Substituted 4-hydroxy-phenylalcanoic acid derivatives with agonist activity to ppar-gamma |
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PL191118B1 true PL191118B1 (pl) | 2006-03-31 |
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