JP6795398B2 - 抗体、使用、及び方法 - Google Patents
抗体、使用、及び方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6795398B2 JP6795398B2 JP2016555520A JP2016555520A JP6795398B2 JP 6795398 B2 JP6795398 B2 JP 6795398B2 JP 2016555520 A JP2016555520 A JP 2016555520A JP 2016555520 A JP2016555520 A JP 2016555520A JP 6795398 B2 JP6795398 B2 JP 6795398B2
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Description
Lamb, L.S., Abhyankar, S.A., Hazlett, L., O’Neal, W., Folk, R.S., Vogt, S., Parrish, R.S., Bridges, K., Henslee−Downey, P.J.and Gee, A. P. (1999), Expression of CD134 (0X−40) on T−cells during the first 100 days following allogeneic bone marrow transplantation as a marker for lymphocyte activation and therapy−resistant graft−versus−host disease. Cytometry, 38: 238−243。
抗体または断片がヒトに投与され、抗体または断片が、
a.ヒトにおける、TNFアルファ、IL−2、IL−3、IL−4、IL−5、IL−6、IL−8、IL−9、IL−10、IL−13、IL−17、RANTES、及びインターフェロンガンマから選択されるサイトカインの分泌、
b.ヒトの白血球の増殖、ならびに
c.内皮細胞が発現するhOX40LとのヒトT細胞によって発現されるhOX40受容体の結合、のうちの1つ、1つ以上、または全てを減少させることによって、該hOX40L媒介性疾患または状態を治療または防止するためのものである、方法において、ヒトにおけるhOX40L媒介性疾患または状態を治療または防止するための、hOX40Lに特異的に結合する抗体またはその断片。
hOX40Lに特異的に結合し、該hOX40Lへの結合について、02D10、10A07、09H04、及び19H01から成る群から選択される抗体と競合する、抗体またはその断片。
抗体またはその断片の使用であって、
a.ヒトにおける、TNFアルファ、IL−2、IL−3、IL−4、IL−5、IL−6、IL−8、IL−9、IL−10、IL−13、IL−17、RANTES、及びインターフェロンガンマから選択されるサイトカインの分泌、
b.ヒトの白血球の増殖、ならびに
c.内皮細胞が発現するhOX40LとのヒトT細胞によって発現されるhOX40受容体の結合、のうちの1つ、1つ以上、または全てを減少させることによって、ヒトにおけるhOX40L媒介性疾患または状態を治療または防止するためにヒトに投与するための医薬品の製造における、hOX40Lに特異的に結合する抗体またはその断片の使用。
a.ヒトにおける、TNFアルファ、IL−2、IL−3、IL−4、IL−5、IL−6、IL−8、IL−9、IL−10、IL−13、IL−17、RANTES、及びインターフェロンガンマから選択されるサイトカインの分泌、
b.ヒトの白血球の増殖、ならびに
c.内皮細胞が発現するhOX40LとのヒトT細胞によって発現されるhOX40受容体の結合、のうちの1つ、1つ以上、または全てを減少させることによる、ヒトにおけるhOX40L媒介性疾患または状態の治療または防止方法であって、
本方法が、該ヒトに、hOX40Lに特異的に結合する治療有効量の抗体または断片を投与することを含む、方法。
hOX40Lに特異的に結合し、該hOX40Lへの結合について抗体02D10と競合する、抗体またはその断片であって、抗体またはその断片が、モチーフVRGXYYYを含むHCDR3を含むVHドメインを含み、Xが、任意のアミノ酸である、抗体またはその断片。
hOX40Lに特異的に結合し、該hOX40Lへの結合について抗体02D10と競合する、抗体またはその断片であって、抗体または断片が、配列番号40若しくは46のHCDR3配列、または5個未満のアミノ酸置換を含む配列番号40若しくは46のHCDR3配列を含むVHドメインを含む、抗体またはその断片。
16〜27個のアミノ酸のHCDR3を含み、ヒトVH遺伝子分節、ヒトD遺伝子分節、及びヒトJH遺伝子分節の組み換えに由来する、ヒト抗体またはその断片であって、ヒトJH遺伝子分節が、自己免疫疾患若しくは状態、全身炎症性疾患若しくは状態、または移植片拒絶から選択される自己免疫疾患を治療または防止するために、hOX40Lに特異的に結合するIGHJ6である、ヒト抗体またはその断片。
16〜27個のアミノ酸のHCDR3を含み、ヒトVH遺伝子分節、ヒトD遺伝子分節、及びヒトJH遺伝子分節の組み換えに由来する、ヒト抗体またはその断片の使用であって、ヒトJH遺伝子分節が、自己免疫疾患若しくは状態、全身炎症性疾患若しくは状態、または移植片拒絶から選択される、ヒトにおけるhOX40L媒介性疾患または状態を治療または防止するためにヒトに投与するための医薬品の製造において、hOX40Lに特異的に結合するIGHJ6である、使用。
自己免疫疾患若しくは状態、全身炎症性疾患若しくは状態、または移植片拒絶から選択されるhOX40L媒介性疾患または状態の治療または防止方法であって、該ヒトに、16〜27個のアミノ酸のHCDR3を含み、ヒトVH遺伝子分節、ヒトD遺伝子分節、及びヒトJH遺伝子分節の組み換えに由来する、治療有効量のヒト抗体またはその断片を投与することを含み、ヒトJH遺伝子分節が、hOX40Lに特異的に結合するIGHJ6であり、hOX40L媒介性疾患または状態が、それにより治療または防止される、方法。
a.ヒトにおける、TNFアルファ、IL−2、IL−3、IL−4、IL−5、IL−6、IL−8、IL−9、IL−10、IL−13、IL−17、RANTES、及びインターフェロンガンマから選択されるサイトカインの分泌、
b.ヒトの白血球の増殖、ならびに
c.内皮細胞が発現するhOX40LとのヒトT細胞によって発現されるhOX40受容体の結合、のうちの1つ、1つ以上、または全てを減少させることによって、該hOX40L媒介性疾患または状態を治療または防止するためのものである、方法において、ヒトにおけるhOX40L媒介性疾患または状態を治療または防止するための、hOX40Lに特異的に結合する抗体またはその断片。
Muzes et al, World J Gastroenterol 2012 November 7; 18(41): 5848−5861 ISSN 1007−9327 (print) ISSN 2219−2840 (online), “Changes of the cytokine profile in inflammatory bowel Diseases”を参照する。
急性散在性脳脊髄炎(ADEM)
アジソン病
アレルギー性肉芽腫症及び血管炎またはチャーグストラウス症候群(CSS)
脱毛症または円形脱毛症(AA)
強直性脊椎炎
自己免疫性慢性活動性肝炎(CAH)
自己免疫性溶血性貧血
自己免疫性膵炎(AIP)
自己免疫性網膜症(AR)(網膜炎を参照)
自己免疫性血小板減少性紫斑病
自己免疫性好中球減少症
自己免疫性内耳疾患(AIED)
抗リン脂質抗体症候群(APS)
自己免疫性リンパ球増殖性症候群(ALPS)
ベーチェット症候群
水疱性類天疱瘡
セリアック病
チャーグストラウス症候群(CSS)またはアレルギー性肉芽腫性血管炎
小児期慢性水疱性疾患
慢性炎症性脱髄性多発神経炎(CIDP)
瘢痕性類天疱瘡(CP)
中枢神経系血管炎
クローン病
クリオグロブリン血症
疱疹状皮膚炎(DH)
円板状エリテマトーデス(DLE)
脳脊髄炎
後天性表皮水疱症(EBA)
巨細胞性動脈炎(側頭動脈炎を参照)
移植片対宿主病
グレーブス病
ギランバレー症候群
アノー症候群(原発性胆汁性肝硬変を参照)
橋本甲状腺炎(自己免疫性甲状腺炎及び慢性リンパ球性甲状腺炎とも呼ばれる)
過敏性血管炎(HV)または小血管性血管炎
免疫媒介性不妊症
炎症性腸疾患
インスリン依存性糖尿病
中枢神経系の孤発性脈管炎またはCNS脈管炎
アイザックス症候群:神経性筋強直症
川崎病(KD)
ランバートイートン筋無力症候群(LEMS)
線状IgA病
ループス(全身性エリテマトーデスを参照)
メニエール病
顕微鏡的多発血管炎(MPA)
混合性結合組織疾患またはMCTD
単クローン性免疫グロブリン血症
重症筋無力症
多発性硬化症
多巣性運動ニューロパチー
神経性筋強直症またはアイザックス症候群
好中球減少症(自己免疫性好中球減少症を参照)
卵巣炎
オプソクローヌスミオクローヌス症候群
精巣炎
神経学的腫瘍随伴障害
尋常性天疱瘡
落葉状天疱瘡(PF)
妊娠性類天疱瘡(PG)
悪性貧血
腫瘍随伴性天疱瘡(PNP)
多発性血管炎(顕微鏡的多発血管炎を参照)
結節性多発性動脈炎(PAN)
多発性筋炎/皮膚筋炎
リウマチ性多発筋痛症
原発性胆汁性肝硬変(PBC)(アノー症候群とも呼ばれる)
原発性硬化性胆管炎(PSC)
レイノー現象
リカバリン関連網膜炎(RAR)(網膜炎を参照)
反応性関節炎(以前はライター症候群として知られた)
網膜炎
リウマチ性関節炎(RA)
サルコイドーシス
硬化性胆管炎(原発性硬化性胆管炎を参照)
シェーグレン症候群
全身性壊死性血管炎
スティフマン症候群またはメルシュヴォルトマン症候群
全身性エリテマトーデス
全身性硬化症(強皮症)
側頭動脈炎または巨細胞性動脈炎(GCV)
高安動脈炎
閉塞性血栓血管炎またはバージャー病
甲状腺機能低下症を伴う甲状腺炎
甲状腺機能亢進症を伴う甲状腺炎
多腺性自己免疫症候群1型(PAS)
多腺性自己免疫症候群2型
脈管炎
ウェゲナー肉芽腫症。
a.02D10(抗体または断片は、該hOX40Lへの結合について02D10と競合する)、
b.10A07(抗体または断片は、該hOX40Lへの結合について10A07と競合する)、
c.09H04(抗体または断片は、該hOX40Lへの結合について09H04と競合する)、及び
d.19H01(抗体または断片は、該hOX40Lへの結合について19H01と競合する)のHCDR1から成る群から選択されるHCDR1配列を含むVHドメインを含む、抗体または断片。
a.02D10(抗体または断片は、該hOX40Lへの結合について02D10と競合する)、
b.10A07(抗体または断片は、該hOX40Lへの結合について10A07と競合する)、
c.09H04(抗体または断片は、該hOX40Lへの結合について09H04と競合する)、及び
d.19H01(抗体または断片は、該hOX40Lへの結合について19H01と競合する)のHCDR2から成る群から選択されるHCDR2配列を含むVHドメインを含む、抗体または断片。
a.02D10(抗体または断片は、該hOX40Lへの結合について02D10と競合する)、
b.10A07(抗体または断片は、該hOX40Lへの結合について10A07と競合する)、
c.09H04(抗体または断片は、該hOX40Lへの結合について09H04と競合する)、及び
d.19H01(抗体または断片は、該hOX40Lへの結合について19H01と競合する)のHCDR3から成る群から選択されるHCDR3配列を含むVHドメインを含む、抗体または断片。
a.抗体若しくは断片が、該hOX40Lへの結合について02D10と競合する、態様16〜18の(a)において挙げたもの、
b.抗体若しくは断片が、該hOX40Lへの結合について10A07と競合する、態様16〜18の(b)において挙げたもの、
c.抗体若しくは断片が、該hOX40Lへの結合について09H04と競合する、態様16〜18の(c)において挙げたもの、または
d.抗体若しくは断片が、該hOX40Lへの結合について19H01と競合する、態様16〜18の(d)において挙げたもの、を含むVHドメインを含む、抗体または断片。
a.02D10(抗体または断片は、該hOX40Lへの結合について02D10と競合する)、
b.10A07(抗体または断片は、該hOX40Lへの結合について10A07と競合する)、
c.09H04(抗体または断片は、該hOX40Lへの結合について09H04と競合する)、及び
d.19H01(抗体または断片は、該hOX40Lへの結合について19H01と競合する)のLCDR1から成る群から選択されるLCDR1配列を含むVLドメインを含む、抗体または断片。
a.02D10(抗体または断片は、該hOX40Lへの結合について02D10と競合する)、
b.10A07(抗体または断片は、該hOX40Lへの結合について10A07と競合する)、
c.09H04(抗体または断片は、該hOX40Lへの結合について09H04と競合する)、及び
d.19H01(抗体または断片は、該hOX40Lへの結合について19H01と競合する)のLCDR2から成る群から選択されるLCDR2配列を含むVLドメインを含む、抗体または断片。
a.02D10(抗体または断片は、該hOX40Lへの結合について02D10と競合する)、
b.10A07(抗体または断片は、該hOX40Lへの結合について10A07と競合する)、
c.09H04(抗体または断片は、該hOX40Lへの結合について09H04と競合する)、及び
d.19H01(抗体または断片は、該hOX40Lへの結合について19H01と競合する)のLCDR3から成る群から選択されるLCDR3配列を含むVLドメインを含む、抗体または断片。
a.抗体若しくは断片が、該hOX40Lへの結合について02D10と競合する、態様22〜24の(a)において挙げたもの、
b.抗体若しくは断片が、該hOX40Lへの結合について10A07と競合する、態様22〜24の(b)において挙げたもの、
c.抗体若しくは断片が、該hOX40Lへの結合について09H04と競合する、態様22〜24の(c)において挙げたもの、または
d.抗体若しくは断片が、該hOX40Lへの結合について19H01と競合する、態様22〜24の(d)において挙げたもの、を含むVLドメインを含む、抗体または断片。
26.配列リスト中のVLアミノ酸配列から成る群から選択されるアミノ酸配列を含むVLドメインを含む、いずれかの先行態様の抗体または断片。
a.ヒトにおける、TNFアルファ、IL−2、IL−3、IL−4、IL−5、IL−6、IL−8、IL−9、IL−10、IL−13、IL−17、RANTES、及びインターフェロンガンマから選択されるサイトカインの分泌、
b.ヒトの白血球の増殖、ならびに
c.内皮細胞が発現するhOX40LとのヒトT細胞によって発現されるhOX40受容体の結合、のうちの1つ、1つ以上、または全てを減少させることによって、ヒトにおいてhOX40L媒介性疾患または状態を治療または防止するためにヒトに投与するための医薬品の製造における、hOX40Lに特異的に結合する抗体またはその断片の使用。
a.ヒトにおける、TNFアルファ、IL−2、IL−3、IL−4、IL−5、IL−6、IL−8、IL−9、IL−10、IL−13、IL−17、RANTES、及びインターフェロンガンマから選択されるサイトカインの分泌、
b.ヒトの白血球の増殖、ならびに
c.内皮細胞が発現するhOX40LとのヒトT細胞によって発現されるhOX40受容体の結合、のうちの1つ、1つ以上、または全てを減少させることによる、ヒトにおけるhOX40L媒介性疾患または状態の治療または防止方法であって、
本方法が、該ヒトに、hOX40Lに特異的に結合する治療有効量の抗体または断片を投与することを含む、方法。
1)アラニン(A)、セリン(S)、トレオニン(T)、
2)アスパラギン酸(D)、グルタミン酸(E)、
3)アスパラギン(N)、グルタミン(Q)、
4)アルギニン(R)、リジン(K)、
5)イソロイシン(I)、ロイシン(L)、メチオニン(M)、バリン(V)、及び
6)フェニルアラニン(F)、チロシン(Y)、トリプトファン(W)から選択される6個の群(各群が互いに対して保存的置換であるアミノ酸を含む)のうちの1個からのものである、態様75〜86のいずれか1つに記載の抗体または断片。
95.16〜27個のアミノ酸のHCDR3を含み、ヒトVH遺伝子分節、ヒトD遺伝子分節、及びヒトJH遺伝子分節の組み換えに由来する、ヒト抗体またはその断片であって、ヒトJH遺伝子分節が、自己免疫疾患若しくは状態、全身炎症性疾患若しくは状態、または移植片拒絶から選択される、hOX40L媒介性疾患または状態、例えば、炎症性腸疾患(IBD)、クローン病、リウマチ性関節炎、移植片拒絶、同種移植片拒絶、移植片対宿主病(GvHD)、潰瘍性大腸炎、全身性エリテマトーデス(SLE)、糖尿病、ブドウ膜炎、強直性脊椎炎、接触過敏症、多発性硬化症、またはアテローム性動脈硬化症、特にGvHD(例えば、前記抗体がGvHDの防止用である)を治療または防止するために、hOX40Lに特異的に結合する、IGHJ6(例えば、IGHJ6*02)である、ヒト抗体またはその断片。
(a)抗体または断片が、(任意選択で、完全長ヒトOX40Lでトランスフェクトした)CHO−S細胞上の細胞表面hOX40Lに結合し、かつ/またはHTRFアッセイにおいて組み換えhOX40Lに結合する能力、
(b)抗体または断片が、受容体中和HTRFアッセイ及び/またはフローサイトメトリー受容体中和アッセイにおいて、ヒトOX40を中和する(例えば、ヒトOX40受容体に結合するヒトOX40Lを中和する)能力、
(c)抗体または断片が、ヒトOX40LとアカゲザルOX40Lとの両方に特異的に結合する能力(抗体または断片のPK、PD、効能、及び他のパラメータが、ヒトの代理としてアカゲザルモデルにおいて評定され得るために有用である)。
1.1級アミン結合などによって、抗マウス(または他の関係のあるヒト、ラット、若しくは非ヒト脊椎動物抗体定常領域種整合)IgG(例えば、Biacore(商標)BR−1008−38)を、バイオセンサーチップ(例えば、GLMチップ)に結合させること、
2.抗マウスIgG(または他の整合種抗体)を試験IgG抗体に曝露して、チップ上に試験抗体を捕捉すること、
3.試験抗原を、0nMと共に(即ち、緩衝液のみ)、1024nM、256nM、64nM、16nM、4nMで、チップの捕捉面に渡すこと、
4.及び、試験抗体の試験抗原への結合の親和性を、表面プラズモン共鳴を使用して、例えば、上で考察したSPR条件下で(例えば、生理学的緩衝液中25℃で)決定することによって、決定される。SPRは、Biacore(商標)などの任意の標準的なSPR装置を使用するか、またはProteOn XPR36(商標)(Bio−Rad(登録商標)を使用して実行され得る。
本発明は、細胞毒素、化学療法薬、免疫抑制剤、または放射性同位体などの、治療部分と複合体化された抗体または断片(「免疫抱合体」)を包含する。細胞毒素剤は、細胞を害する任意の薬剤を含む。免疫抱合体を形成するための好適な細胞毒素剤及び化学療法剤の例は、当該技術分野で既知であり、例えば、その全体が参照により本明細書に組み込まれる国際公開第05/103081号を参照されたい。
本発明の抗体及び断片は、単一特異性、二重特異性、または多特異性であってもよい。多特異性mAbsは、1個の標的ポリペプチドの異なるエピトープに特異的であってもよく、または1個超の標的ポリペプチドに特異的な抗原結合ドメインを含んでもよい。例えば、Tutt et al., (1991) J. Immunol. 147:60−69を参照されたい。ヒト抗hOX40L抗体または断片は、別の機能分子、例えば、別のペプチドまたはタンパク質に結合され得るか、またはそれと共発現され得る。例えば、抗体またはその断片は、別の抗体または抗体断片などの1つ以上の他の分子実体に機能的に(例えば、化学的カップリング、遺伝子融合、非共有結合性会合などによって)結合されて、第2の結合特異性を持つ二重特異性または多特異性抗体を産生し得る。
本発明の抗体としては、合成抗体、モノクローナル抗体、組み換えによって産生された抗体、多特異性抗体(二重特異性抗体を含む)、ヒト抗体、ヒト化抗体、キメラ抗体、細胞内抗体、単鎖Fvs(scFv)(例えば、単一特異性、二重特異性などを含む)、ラクダ化抗体、Fab断片、F(ab′)断片、ジスルフィド結合Fvs(sdFv)、抗イディオタイプ(抗Id)抗体、及び上記のうちのいずれかのエピトープ結合断片が挙げられるが、これらに限定されない。
複合体及び融合タンパク質についての以下の考察は、断片にも適用されるため、抗体に言及する開示は、本発明の断片についても準用し得る。
組成物についての以下の考察は、断片にも適用されるため、抗体に言及する開示は、本発明の断片についても準用し得る。
本発明は、hOX40L媒介性疾患(またはその症状)の防止、管理、治療、及び/または緩和における使用のための1つ以上の本発明の抗体または断片を含む組成物を更に提供する。抗体に関する考察は、本発明の断片について準用する。代替手段においては、本発明は、対象におけるOX40L媒介性疾患(またはその症状)の防止、管理、治療、及び/または緩和における使用のための1つ以上の本発明の抗体または断片を含む組成物を更に提供し、ここでは、OX40Lは、非ヒト(例えば、イヌ、ネコ、ウマ、ウシ、ヒツジ、またはブタ)であり、対象は、それぞれ、イヌ、ネコ、ウマ、ウシ、ヒツジ、またはブタである。
特定の実施形態では、特定の実施形態では、本発明の核酸またはヌクレオチド配列は、遺伝子療法によってhOX40L媒介性疾患を防止、管理、治療、及び/または緩和するために投与される。遺伝子療法は、発現した、または発現可能な核酸の対象への投与によって行われる療法を指す。本発明の一実施形態では、これらの核酸は、それらのコードされた抗体を産生し、この抗体は、予防効果または治療効果を媒介する。
抗体は診断的使用に関して言及されるが、本開示は、本発明の断片について準用するように読まれるべきである。
抗原に特異的に結合する本発明の抗体及び断片(OX40L)は、抗体の合成のための当該技術分野で既知の任意の方法、特に、化学合成、または好ましくは組み換え発現技法によって、産生することができる。本発明の実施は、別途指示がない限り、分子生物学、微生物学、遺伝子分析、組み換えDNA、有機化学、生化学、PCR、オリゴヌクレオチド合成及び修飾、核酸ハイブリダイゼーション、ならびに当該技術分野内の関連分野における、従来の技法を用いる。これらの技法は、本明細書で引用する参照文献中に記載されており、文献中で十分に説明されている。例えば、Maniatis et al. (1982) Molecular Cloning: A Laboratory Manual, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press、Sambrook et al. (1989), Molecular Cloning: A Laboratory Manual, Second Edition, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press、Sambrook et al. (2001) Molecular Cloning: A Laboratory Manual, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, Cold Spring Harbor, N.Y.、Ausubel et al., Current Protocols in Molecular Biology, John Wiley & Sons (1987及び年次更新版)、Current Protocols in Immunology, John Wiley & Sons (1987及び年次更新版) Gait (ed.) (1984) Oligonucleotide Synthesis: A Practical Approach, IRL Press、Eckstein (ed.) (1991) Oligonucleotides and Analogues: A Practical Approach, IRL Press、Birren et al. (eds.) (1999) Genome Analysis: A Laboratory Manual, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Pressを参照されたい。
本発明はまた、本明細書で提供する1つ以上の抗体または断片など、本発明の薬学的組成物の成分のうちの1つ以上を充填した1つ以上の容器を含む医薬または診断パックまたはキットも提供する。任意選択で、かかる容器(複数可)には、医薬品または生物学的製品の製造、使用、または販売を規制する政府機関により指定された形式で注意書きが添付されていてもよく、この注意書きはヒト投与に関する製造、使用、または販売の機関による認可を表している。
抗原調製、免疫付与手順、及びハイブリドーマ生成
以下の実施例は、KyMouse(商標)系を使用する、抗ヒトOX40Lモノクローナル抗体のパネルの生成及び識別の詳細な説明を提供する(例えば、国際公開第2011/004192号を参照)。このために、多数のヒト免疫グロブリン遺伝子を含む遺伝子組み換えマウスに、可溶性組み換えヒトOX40L(市販または自家製)またはマウス胎児線維芽細胞(MEF)上に提示される表面発現されたヒトOX40Lで免疫付与した。従来の腹腔内注射及び複数部位での高速免疫付与体制を含む、様々な免疫付与体制を用意し、数週間にわたって動物をブーストした。各体制の終了時に、脾臓、及び一部の場合にはリンパ節などの、二次リンパ組織を除去した。組織を単一細胞懸濁液中に調製し、SP2/0細胞と融合させて、安定したハイブリドーマ細胞株を生成した。
組み換えアカゲザル及びヒトOX40Lのクローニング発現及び生成
ヒトOX40Lの細胞外ドメインをコードしているcDNAを、標準的な分子生物学技法を使用してpREP4発現プラスミド(Invitrogen)にクローニングした。構築物には、生成を助けるためのFLAGペプチドモチーフ、及び三量化を助けるためのイソロイシンジッパーモチーフも含めた。構築物を、それらの適正な配列組成を確実にするように配列した。
ヒトOX40受容体の細胞外ドメインをコードしているcDNAを、標準的な制限酵素消化及びライゲーションを使用してpREP4発現プラスミド(Invitrogen)にクローニングした。構築物には、精製を助けるためにヒトFc部分を含めた。構築物を、それらの適正な配列組成を確実にするように配列した。
完全ヒトOX40L配列を哺乳動物発現に対してコドン最適化し(配列番号173)、両側が3’及び5’piggyBac特異的末端反復配列であるCMVプロモーターの下で発現ベクターへとクローニングして、細胞ゲノムへの安定した統合を促進した(“A hyperactive piggyBac transposase for mammalian applications”; Yusa K, Zhou L, Li MA, Bradley A, Craig NL. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2011 Jan 25を参照)。更に、発現ベクターには、安定した細胞株生成を促進するために、ピューロマイシンまたはネオマイシン選択カセットのいずれかを含めた。FreeStyle Maxトランスフェクション試薬(Invitrogen)を製造業者の指示に従って使用して、hOX40L発現プラスミドを、piggyBacトランスポゼースをコードしているプラスミドと共に、自家由来のマウス胎児線維芽細胞(MEF)細胞株(この細胞株を生成するのに使用した胚は、C57BL6雌マウスと交配した129S5から得た)及びCHO−S細胞へと同時トランスフェクトした。トランスフェクトから24時間後、培地にG418またはネオマイシンを補充し、培地を3〜4日ごとに交換しながら少なくとも2週間成長させて、安定した細胞株を選択した。hOX40Lの発現を、抗ヒトOX40L−PE複合体化抗体(eBioscience)を使用して、フローサイトメトリーによって評定した。完全MEF培地は、10%v/vのウシ胎仔血清(Gibco)を補充したDulbecco’s Modified Eagle’s Medium(Gibco)で構成された。完全CHO−S培地は、8mMのglutamax(Gibco)を補充したCD−CHO培地で構成された。
完全ヒトOX40受容体配列を哺乳動物発現に対してコドン最適化し(配列番号175)、両側が3’及び5’piggyBac特異的末端反復配列であるCMVプロモーターの下で発現ベクターへとクローニングして、細胞ゲノムへの安定した統合を促進した(“A hyperactive piggyBac transposase for mammalian applications”; Yusa K, Zhou L, Li MA, Bradley A, Craig NL. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2011 Jan 25を参照)。更に、発現ベクターには、安定した細胞株生成を促進するために、ピューロマイシン選択カセットのいずれかを含めた。FreeStyle Maxトランスフェクション試薬(Invitrogen)を製造業者の指示に従って使用して、hOX40受容体発現プラスミドを、piggyBacトランスポゼースをコードしているプラスミドと共に、HT1080細胞(ATCC(登録商標)CCL−121)へと同時トランスフェクトした。トランスフェクトから24時間後、培地にピューロマイシンを補充し、培地を3〜4日ごとに交換しながら少なくとも2週間成長させて、安定した細胞株を選択した。OX40受容体の発現を、抗ヒトOX40受容体−PE複合体化抗体(R&D、クローン443318)を使用して、フローサイトメトリーによって評定した。OX40受容体を発現している安定した細胞株を生成した後、細胞を5個の反復NFkB転写因子結合部位を含むpNiFty−2−SEAPプラスミド(invivogen)でトランスフェクトした後、分泌型アルカリホスファターゼを続けた。新たな培地を3〜4日ごとに添加しながら、ゼオシンを培地に添加し、安定した細胞を選択した。完全なHT1080培地は、10%のウシ胎仔血清を補充したMEMで構成された。
細胞培地を除去し、細胞を1×PBSで一度洗浄した。細胞を5分間トリプシンで処理して、細胞を組織培養表面から解した。細胞を収集し、トリプシンを、10%v/vのウシ胎仔血清(FCS)を含有する完全培地の添加によって中和した。その後、細胞を10分間300xgで遠心分離させ、25mLの1×PBSで洗浄した。細胞を計数し、適切な濃度で1×PBS中に再懸濁した。
トランスジェニックKymiceに、CHO−S細胞によって発現される可溶性の組み換え形態、または安定的にトランスフェクトしたMEF細胞によって発現される膜結合形態のいずれかのhOX40Lで免疫付与した。
FACS緩衝液(PBS+1%w/vのBSA+0.1%w/vのNaN3)中で希釈した、hOX40Lを発現しているCHO−S細胞またはトランスフェクトしていないCHO−S細胞を、ウェル当たり1×105細胞の密度で96ウェルV字底プレート(Greiner)に分配した。細胞を150μLのPBSで洗浄し、3分間300xgで遠心分離させた。上清を吸引し、150μLのPBSを添加した。この洗浄ステップを繰り返した。試料をFACS緩衝液中に希釈して、マウス血清の滴定を調製した。その後、この滴定の50μL/ウェルを細胞プレートに添加した。免疫付与による活性レベルの変化を決定するために、免疫付与前の各動物からの血清をFACS緩衝液中で1/100で希釈し、50μL/ウェルを細胞に添加した。好適な参照抗体(抗OX40L抗体MAB10541、R&D systems)またはマウスIgG1対照抗体(Sigma)FACS緩衝液(1〜9μg/mL)中で希釈し、50μLを細胞に添加した。細胞を4℃で30分間インキュベートした。細胞を150μLのPBSで2回洗浄し、各洗浄ステップの後に遠心分離させ、上清を吸引した(300xgで3分間遠心分離)。抗体結合を検出するために、APCヤギ−抗マウスIgG(Jackson ImmunoResearch)をFACS緩衝液中で1/500で希釈し、50μLを細胞に添加した。細胞を暗闇で30分間4℃でインキュベートした。細胞を150μLのPBSで2回洗浄し、各洗浄ステップの後に遠心分離させ、上清を吸引した(300xgで3分間遠心分離)。細胞を固定するために、100μLの2%v/vパラホルムアルデヒドを添加し、細胞を30分間4℃でインキュベートし、細胞を300xgでの遠心分離によってペレット化し、プレートを50μLのFACS緩衝液中に再懸濁した。APCシグナル強度(幾何平均)を、BD FACS Array計器を使用して、フローサイトメトリーによって測定した。
マウス血清試料における力価を、逆OX40L ELISAプロトコルを使用して決定した。抗マウスIgG捕捉抗体(Southern Biotech)(PBS中に希釈した4μg/mL、50μL/ウェル)を、一晩4℃で、96ウェルの低自動蛍光高タンパク質結合プレート(Costar)に吸収させた。過剰なIgGをPBS−Tween(0.1%v/v)で洗浄して除去し、ウェルを、1時間室温でPBS中の1%w/vのウシ血清アルブミン(BSA、Sigma)によってブロックした後、プレートを前述のように洗浄した。試料を試薬希釈剤(0.1%w/vのBSA/PBS)中に希釈して、マウス血清の滴定を調製した。その後、この滴定の50μL/ウェルをELISAプレートに添加した。免疫付与による活性レベルの変化を決定するために、免疫付与前の各動物からの血清を試薬希釈剤中で1/100で希釈し、50μL/ウェルをELISAプレートに添加した。ビオチン化OX40L結合に対する陽性対照として、1μg/mLに希釈した抗OX40L抗体(MAB10541、R&D systems)を50μLでプレートに添加した。マウスIgG1アイソタイプ対照(Sigma)を陰性対照として含め、試薬希釈剤中で1μg/mLに希釈し、50μL/ウェルをELISAプレートに添加した。一部の例では、無関係な抗原で免疫付与したマウス由来の血清試料を1/1000で希釈し、50μL/ウェルをELISAプレートに添加した。プレートを室温で少なくとも1時間インキュベートした。インキュベーション後、プレートを以前のように洗浄して、非結合タンパク質を除去した。その後、ビオチン化OX40L(試薬希釈剤中100ng/mL、50μL/ウェル)をプレートに添加し、室温で1時間インキュベートした。非結合ビオチン化OX40LをPBS−Tween(0.1%v/v)で洗浄して除去し、一方で残りのビオチン化OX40Lを、DELFIA(登録商標)アッセイ緩衝液(Perkin Elmer)中で希釈したストレプトアビジン−ユーロピウム3+複合体(DELFIA(登録商標)検出、PerkinElmer)または試薬希釈剤中で希釈したストレプトアビジン−HRPによって検出した。
脾臓を免疫化マウスから摘出し、1×PBS中で洗浄し、更なる処理まで氷上で保存した。組織を、1×PBS(Invitrogen)及び3%の加熱不活性化FBS(Invitrogen)を含有する緩衝液中で調製した。脾細胞を、45μmの漉し器(BD Falcon)を通して組織を潰し、30mLの3%FBS/PBS緩衝液ですすいだ後、700gで10分間4℃で遠心分離させることによって分散させた。赤血球細胞を除去するために、ペレット化脾細胞を4mLの赤血球細胞融解緩衝液(Sigma)中に再懸濁した。4分間のインキュベーション後、3%FBS/1×PBS緩衝液を添加して融解反応を停止した。細胞塊を45μmの漉し器で濾過して除去した。残りの脾細胞を、更なる手順のためにペレット化した。
KM055実験のために、ペレット化脾細胞を、いかなる選択または一晩のCpG刺激もせずに融合に直接進めた。KM040実験のために、B細胞を、MACS(登録商標)分離システムを使用して正の選択法に供した。細胞を1×107細胞当たり80μLの3%FBS/PBS緩衝液中に再懸濁した後、抗マウスIgG1+抗マウスIgG2a+b MicroBeads(Miltenyi Biotec)を添加し、15分間4℃でインキュベートした。その後、細胞/MicroBeads混合物を、磁気MACS分離器に配置した事前に湿らせたLSカラムに適用し、3%FBS/PBS緩衝液で洗浄した。IgG陽性細胞を、3%FBS/PBS緩衝液中の標識したカラム結合分画中に収集した。
ハイブリドーマ上清スクリーニング
ハイブリドーマクローンの生成後、ハイブリドーマ上清を、連続した一次及び二次スクリーニングにおいて評定し、適切なハイブリドーマクローンを、CHOが発現するhOX40Lに結合する抗体及び受容体中和活性の基準に基づいて選択した(材料及び方法における詳細を参照)(表1)。
一次スクリーニング−細胞に発現したヒトOX40Lへの結合
ハイブリドーマ細胞から収集した上清を試験して、分泌型抗体が、CHO−S細胞の表面に発現したhOX40Lに結合する能力を評定した。CHO−ShOX40L結合を決定するために、細胞を、10%v/vのFBS(GIBCO)を補充したF12培地(GIBCO)において、2×104細胞/ウェルで透明底の組織培養処理384ウェルプレート(CostarまたはBRAND)中にプレーティングし、一晩培養した。培地を384ウェルアッセイプレートから除去した。ハイブリドーマ維持培地(HMM)中に希釈した、少なくとも40μLのハイブリドーマ上清または陽性対照抗ヒトOX40L参照抗体(1μg/mLの最終濃度)またはアイソタイプIgG1対照抗体(1μg/mLの最終濃度、一部の例ではCm7、Sigma M9269と称される)を各ウェルに添加した。ハイブリドーマ維持培地は、1×Glutamax(Gibco)、20%v/vのFBS(Gibco)、0.05mMのβ−メルカプトエタノール、1×HTサプリメント(Gibco)、及び1×ペニシリン/ストレプトマイシン(Gibco)を補充したAdvanced DMEM(Gibco)で構成された。プレートを1時間4℃でインキュベートした。培地を吸引し、0.2μMのDRAQ5(Biostatus)を補充し、FACS緩衝液(PBS+1%w/vのBSA+0.1%v/vのNaN3)中で希釈した、1000ng/mLの50μLのヤギ抗マウスAlexa Fluor 790(Jackson ImmunoResearch、115−655−071)を添加した。プレートを再度1時間4℃でインキュベートした。上清を吸引し、25μLの4%v/vのパラホルムアルデヒドを添加し、プレートを15分室温でインキュベートした。プレートを100μLのPBSで2回洗浄した後、洗浄緩衝液を完全に除去した。蛍光強度を、Odyssey Infrared Imaging System(LI−COR(登録商標))を使用してプレートをスキャニングすることによって読み取った。抗マウス結合(800nmチャネル)を、LI−COR(登録商標)推奨のアルゴリズムに従って、細胞数(700nmチャネル)に正規化した。効果パーセントを以下に詳述するように計算した(方程式1)。全結合は、参照抗体を1μg/mlの最終アッセイ濃度で使用して定義した。非特異的結合は、マウスIgG1アイソタイプ対照(Sigma)を1μg/mLの最終アッセイ濃度で使用して定義した。ウェルは、効果パーセントが5%以上であった場合に、ヒットとして定義した。
(800%の応答値(LI−COR)または665/620nmの比率(方程式2参照)(HTRF)を使用)
全結合(HTRF及びLICORの結合)=参照抗体を含むウェルからの値全結合(OX40L/OX40RFcアッセイ)=OX40L及びOX40RFc。
CHO−Sが発現するOX40Lへの結合についてのスクリーニングと平行して、ハイブリドーマウェルから収集した上清を試験して、分泌型抗体が、組み換えタンパク質として発現したhOX40L(自家製、実施例1における詳細を参照)に結合する能力も評定した。分泌型抗体の組み換えhOX40Lへの結合を、ビオチン化hOX40Lを使用して、HTRF(登録商標)(均一時間分解蛍光、Cisbio)アッセイフォーマットによって特定した。5μLのハイブリドーマ上清を、白色の384ウェル少量非結合表面ポリスチレンプレート(Greiner)に移した。その後、HTRF緩衝液(PBS(Sigma)+0.53MのKF(Sigma)+0.1%w/vのBSA(Sigma))中で希釈した5μLのビオチン化hOX40L(作業濃度20nM)を添加した。5μLの組み合わせた検出試薬である、最終希釈1:400にHTRFアッセイ緩衝液中で1:100で希釈したストレプトアビジンD2(Cisbio)と、最終希釈1:400にHTRFアッセイ緩衝液中で1:100で希釈した、ユーロピウムクリプテート(Cisbio)で標識したヤギ抗マウスIgG(Southern Biotech)とを添加した。ユーロピウムクリプテートで標識したヤギ抗マウスIgG(Southern Biotech)の濃度はバッチ依存性であり、一部の場合には、1:1000の希釈を行って、1:4000の最終アッセイ濃度を達成した。全アッセイ体積を20μLに調整するために、5μLのHTRFアッセイ緩衝液を全てのウェルに添加した。非特異的結合を定義するために、陽性対照抗体またはハイブリドーマ培地の添加を、HTRFアッセイ緩衝液またはHMMで代置した。プレートを3時間暗闇でインキュベートさせた後、EnVisionプレートリーダー(Perkin Elmer)を使用して、620nm及び665nmの発光波長での時間分解蛍光を読み取った。HTRF(登録商標)アッセイ技術の更なる詳細は、Mathis (1995) Clinical Chemistry 41(9), 1391−1397において見い出すことができる。各試料についての665/620比率及び効果パーセントをそれぞれ方程式2及び方程式1に従って計算して、データを分析した。
ハイブリドーマウェルから収集した上清が、OX40LのOX40RFcへの結合を阻害するか否かを決定するために、分泌型抗体を、OX40L/OX40RFc結合HTRFアッセイにおいて試験した。5μLのハイブリドーマ上清を、白色の384ウェル少量非結合表面ポリスチレンプレート(Greiner)に移した。ビオチン化OX40LをHTRFアッセイ緩衝液中で2.4nMの作業濃度に希釈して、5μL添加した。その後、OX40RFcを4.8nMの作業濃度に希釈して、5μL添加した。非特異的結合を、OX40RFcをアッセイ緩衝液またはHMMで代置することによって定義した。ストレプトアビジンクリプテート(CISBIO)及び抗ヒトFc D2(CISBIO)を、HTRFアッセイ緩衝液中で1:100の作業濃度及びそれぞれ5nMに希釈した。プレートを覆って光から保護し、室温で3時間インキュベートした後、EnVisionプレートリーダー(Perkin Elmer)を使用して、620nm及び665nmの発光波長での時間分解蛍光を読み取った。各試料についての665/620比率及び効果パーセントをそれぞれ方程式2及び方程式5に従って計算して、データを分析した。
一次スクリーニング選択基準を使用して選択したウェルが、発明者らが設定した必要とされる特徴を有したか否かを決定するために、ある数のアッセイを実行した。一次スクリーニングからヒットとして選択されたハイブリドーマクローンを3日間培養し、ハイブリドーマ細胞から収集した上清を試験して、CHO−Sが発現するhOX40Lに結合する分泌型抗体が、一部の場合に、トランスフェクトしていないCHO−S細胞に結合するか否か、及びそれらが、CHO−S hOX40Lに結合する組み換えOX40R Fcを中和するか否か、及び組み換えビオチン化hOX40Lに結合するOX40Rを中和する能力を評定した。
FACS緩衝液(PBS+1%w/vのBSA+0.1%w/vのNaN3)中で希釈した、hOX40Lを発現しているCHO−S細胞またはトランスフェクトしていないCHO−S細胞を、ウェル当たり1×105細胞の密度で96ウェルV字底プレート(Greiner)に分配した。細胞を150μLのPBSで洗浄し、3分間300xgで遠心分離させた。上清を吸引し、150μLのPBSを添加した。この洗浄ステップを繰り返した。
幾何平均蛍光に基づき、
全結合=受容体(OX40R)のみの結合(阻害剤なし)+10μg/mLのアイソタイプ対照。
一次スクリーニングから特定した抗体がOX40RFcに結合するOX40Lを中和するか否かを決定するために、ヒトOX40L/ヒトOX40R Fc結合アッセイを、一次スクリーニングについて記載したように行った。
デルタF%(方程式4)または665/620比率(方程式2)の掲載に基づき、
全結合=受容体(OX40R)及びOX40L(阻害剤なし)。
ヒットのパネルを、結合及び中和アッセイに基づいて計算した。CHO−S OX40L結合アッセイにおけるヒットは、FACSによって、CHO−S OX40L細胞への顕著な結合及びCHO−S細胞への結合なしとして、発明者らが定義した。ヒットは、組み換えOX40Lに結合するOX40RFcを顕著に低減する能力を有する(HTRF)、及びCHO細胞に発現したhOX40Lに結合するOX40RFcを顕著に低減する能力を有すると更に定義した。データを表1に要約する。SPRによる見掛けの親和性測定も考慮した。
抗体主導特性評価
選択したスクリーニングに基づいて、ウェルを拡張し、マウス/ヒトキメラ抗体を、標準的なタンパク質Gに基づく親和性クロマトグラフィー精製を使用して精製した(以下の方法を参照)。抗体を様々なアッセイに供し、受容体OX40Rに結合するhOX40Lをブロックするその能力、ならびに各抗体がヒト及びアカゲザルOX40Lに高い見掛けの親和性で結合する能力を評定した。どの抗体が最良であるかを解明するために、選択したクローンを、OX40L/OX40RFc HTRFアッセイ、及び一次ヒトT細胞からのOX40L誘導性IL2放出を使用して試験した。
ハイブリドーマ上清からの抗体の精製:
タンパク質G親和性クロマトグラフィーを使用して抗体を精製した。抗体を、IgG溶出試薬(Pierce)を使用してタンパク質G培地から溶出させ、この溶出した抗体を、使用の前にPBSへと緩衝液交換した。抗体精製を、SDS−PAGE分析を使用して評定し、OD280nmで分光光度計によって定量化した。
アッセイにおいてIC50値によって測定したクローン効力を確立するために、以下の方法を、阻害剤の滴定を用いて実行した。ハイブリドーマから精製した抗体を、HTRFアッセイ緩衝液中で希釈することによって滴定し、この滴定の5μLを、白色の384ウェル少量非結合表面ポリスチレンプレート(Greiner)に移した。ビオチン化OX40LをHTRFアッセイ緩衝液中で2.4nMの作業濃度に希釈して、5μL添加した。その後、OX40RFcを4.8nMの作業濃度に希釈して、5μL添加した。非特異的結合を、OX40RFcをアッセイ緩衝液またはHMMで代置することによって定義した。ストレプトアビジンクリプテート(CISBIO)及び抗ヒトFc D2(CISBIO)を、HTRFアッセイ緩衝液中で1:100の作業濃度及びそれぞれ5nMに希釈した。プレートを覆って光から保護し、室温で3時間インキュベートした後、EnVisionプレートリーダー(Perkin Elmer)を使用して、620nm及び665nmの発光波長での時間分解蛍光を読み取った。方程式4に記載の通りにデルタFを、方程式5、または一部の場合には方程式6に従って各試料についての受容体のパーセントを計算することによってデータを分析した。IC50値を、4パラメータロジスティクス方程式(方程式7)を使用した曲線適合によってGraphPad Prismソフトウェアを使用して決定した。
デルタF%の計算(方程式8)に基づき、
方程式7:4パラメータロジスティクス計算
Y=下部+(上部−下部)/(1+10^((ログIC50−X)*山の傾斜))
X=濃度の対数
Y=特異的結合(方程式6)
上部及び下部=Y(特異的結合)と同じ単位のプラトー
Xと同じ単位のログIC50。Yは、下部で始まり、S字形で上部に進む。特異的結合は、Xが増加するにつれて減少する。
組み換えによって発現させた完全にヒトである精製したIgGがOX40RFcに結合するヒトOX40Lを阻害するか否かを決定するために、以下の方法を実行した。アッセイにおいてIC50値によって測定したクローン効力を確立するために、完全にヒトである精製したIgGまたは他の阻害剤を試験した。組み換えによって発現させ、精製した抗体を、HTRFアッセイ緩衝液中で希釈することによって滴定し、この滴定の5μLを、白色の384ウェル少量非結合表面ポリスチレンプレート(Greiner)に移した。ビオチン化OX40LをHTRFアッセイ緩衝液中で2.4nMの作業濃度に希釈して、5μL添加した。その後、AF647で直接標識したOX40RFcを10nMの作業濃度に希釈して、5μL添加した。非特異的結合を、OX40RFc−AF647をアッセイ緩衝液またはHMMで代置することによって定義した。ストレプトアビジンクリプテート(CISBIO)を、HTRFアッセイ緩衝液中で1:100の作業濃度に希釈し、5μLをプレートの全てのウェルに添加した。プレートを覆って光から保護し、室温で3時間インキュベートした後、EnVisionプレートリーダー(Perkin Elmer)を使用して、620nm及び665nmの発光波長での時間分解蛍光を読み取った。方程式4に記載の通りにデルタFを、方程式5、または一部の場合には方程式6に従って各試料についての受容体のパーセントを計算することによってデータを分析した。IC50値を、4パラメータロジスティクス方程式(方程式7)を使用した曲線適合によってGraphPad Prismソフトウェアを使用して決定した(図1)。
組み換えヒトOX40L(自家)を培地中で400ng/mLの濃度に希釈し、50μLを組織培養処理96ウェルプレート(Costar)に添加した。抗OX40L抗体または適切な種のアイソタイプ対照(Sigmaまたは自家)を96ウェルプレート(greiner)中の培地において滴定した後、50μLの滴定を50μLのOX40Lを含む96ウェルプレートに移した。抗体滴定を組み換えOX40Lと共に30分間室温でインキュベートした後、CD3陽性T細胞を添加した。
SPR分析を、ProteOn(商標)XPR36 Array System(BioRad)を使用して実行した。抗マウスIgG(GE Healthcare BR−1008−38)を、アミンカップリングを使用してGLMバイオセンサー表面上に固定化し、表面を、1Mのエタノールアミンを使用してブロックした。試験抗体をこの表面上に捕捉し、組み換えhOX40L(ヒト及びアカゲザル)を256nMの単一濃度で使用し、結合センサーグラムを、緩衝液注射(即ち、0nM)を使用して二重参照(double reference)して、基線変動及び注射アーチファクトを除去した。OX40L−抗体相互作用に対する見掛けの親和性を、ProteOn XPR36分析ソフトウェアに固有の1:1モデルを使用して決定した。アッセイを、HBS−EP(Teknova)を実施緩衝液として使用して実施し、25℃で実行した。
主導抗体候補の配列回復
主導候補の選択及び特性評価の後、それらの完全ヒト可変ドメインを、順方向プライマーと逆方向プライマーとの混合物を使用するRT−PCRを使用して回復した。抗体をヒトIgG4骨格(IgG4−PE)に再フォーマット化し、CHO−S細胞において一過性発現系を使用して発現させた。全ての配列の要約を配列リストに示す。
全RNAを、TRIzol(商標)試薬(Invitrogen)を使用してハイブリドーマ細胞から抽出した。単離したRNAの量及び質を分光光度法によって分析した。
選択したクローンを、全RNAを調製するために使用し、これをRT−PCR反応に使用して、重鎖V領域を回復した。IgG特異的逆方向プライマー及びIgリーダー配列特異的順方向プライマーセット、または代替的にIgG特異的逆方向プライマー及びIg 5’非翻訳領域(UTR)配列特異的順方向プライマーセットを重鎖に使用した。カッパ定常領域特異的逆方向プライマー及びカッパリーダー配列特異的順方向プライマーセット、または代替的にカッパ定常領域特異的逆方向プライマー及びカッパ5’UTR配列特異的順方向プライマーセットをカッパOX40L鎖に使用した。RT−PCR産生物を、順方向及び逆方向に配列される予測サイズのDNAを用いてアガロースゲル電気泳動法によって分離した。あるいは、RT−PCR産生物を、配列決定のために提示された個々のコロニーのクローニングベクター及びDNAへとサブクローニングした。
mAb 10A7の重鎖可変領域をコードしているDNAを、ヒトIgG1定常領域を持つインフレームのpREP4発現プラスミド(Invitrogen)にクローニングし、mAb 10A7の軽鎖可変領域をコードしているDNAを、標準的な制限酵素消化ライゲーションを使用して、ヒトカッパ定常領域を持つインフレームのpREP4発現プラスミドにクローニングした。
抗体を一過性に発現させて、InvitrogenのFreeStyle(商標)CHO−S懸濁液適合化細胞株を使用して組み換えタンパク質を産生した。プラスミドを、PEI(ポリエチレンイミン MW 40000)を使用して細胞へとトランスフェクトし、13日間過成長させた後、精製のために上清を採取した。過成長プロセス中は、GE HealthcareからのActiCHO(商標)Feed A及びBで細胞に給餌して、生産力をブーストし、細胞の寿命を強化した。過成長プロセス中は、定期的に試料を採取して、細胞成長及び生存能力をモニタリングした。
毒物学研究に必要なグラム量を産生するために、10A7及び2D10 OX40L抗体を、安定した発現のためのLonza GS Xceedシステムに移した。まず、各抗体のためのHC及びLCを、GenewizによってCHO細胞における発現に対してコドン最適化した。その後、標準的な制限酵素消化及びライゲーションを使用して、HCカセット(最適化したIgG4PE定常領域を含む)をLonzaのpXC18.4ベクターへとクローニングし、LCカセット(最適化したカッパ定常領域を含む)をLonzaのpXC17.4ベクターへとクローニングした。その後、HC配列及びLC配列の両方をコードしている二重遺伝子ベクター(DGV)を制限酵素消化及びライゲーションによって創出し、発現の前に配列を確定した。
同種PBMC混合リンパ球反応における抗OX40L抗体の効果の決定
PBMCを、密度勾配遠心分離によってFicoll−Paque plus(GE Healthcare)を使用して白血球除去系チャンバから単離する(NHSBT)。PBMCを、37℃で1時間、PBS中10μg/mLでマイトマイシンC(Sigma)と共に事前インキュベートする。その後、細胞をPBS中で3回洗浄し、300xgで3分間遠心分離させ、各洗浄の後に上清を吸引する。同種PBMC(マイトマイシンC処理していない)を、2×106/mlの濃度、50μL/ウェルで、10%v/vのFBSを補充したRPMI中の96ウェルプレートに添加する。抗OX40L抗体を培地中で希釈し、50μL/ウェルでPBMC(マイトマイシンC処理なし)を含む96ウェルプレートに添加する。その後、マイトマイシンC処理したPBMCを、細胞数/ウェルに基づいて1:1〜4:1の範囲のマイトマイシンC処理対非マイトマイシンCの最終細胞比で、96ウェルプレート中の同種PBMC(マイトマイシンC処理していない)に添加する。細胞を、37℃/5%のCO2で5日間インキュベートする。5日後、TNF−α、IFN−γ、及びIL−2を、製造業者の推奨に従い、デュオセットELISA(R&D Systems)によって測定する。増殖を、製造業者の推奨に従い、CFSE希釈によって測定する。
記載の通りに決定したIFN−γまたはIL2放出(pg/mL)に基づき、
IgGなし=T細胞または一部の場合にはマイトマイシンC処理していないPBMC、及びマイトマイシンC処理したPBMCを添加するが、IgGなしのウェル。
CD3で下準備したヒトTリンパ球に対する抗OX40L抗体の効果の決定
抗OX40LがOX40Lの不在下でT細胞応答を誘導する能力を有するか否かを決定するために、以下のアッセイを、拮抗的抗OX40L抗体を記載しているWang et al., Hybridoma (Larchmt)., 2009 Aug; 28(4):269−76から取り入れた方法を使用して行った。
アカゲザル移植片対宿主病(GvHD)モデル
GvHD治療用の単剤療法予防薬としての抗体2D10 IgG4PEの有効性をハプロタイプ一致造血幹細胞移植(HSCT)のアカゲザルモデルにおいて調査した。このモデルにおけるHSCTを受けているサルの生存期間は6〜8日であったことがこれまでに説明されている(Miller, Weston P., et al. “GVHD after haploidentical transplantation: a novel, MHC−defined rhesus macaque model identifies CD28− CD8+ T cells as a reservoir of breakthrough T−cell proliferation during costimulation blockade and sirolimus−based immunosuppression.” Blood, 116, 24(2010):5403−5418)。
臨床症状の採点は、観測的評定及び臨床化学に基づき、表5に示す基準に従って分類した。
肺、肝臓、皮膚、及び消化管を含む組織を剖検にて収集し、ホルマリン固定及びパラフィン包埋した。切片を切り取り、スライドに載せ、リンパ球による組織浸潤の可視化のために、ヘマトキシリン/エオシンまたはT細胞マーカーで染色した。調製したスライドを、半定量的採点システムを使用して、GvHDの専門知識を用いた組織病理学によって読み取った。
長期的末梢血試料を、リンパ球サブセットのフローサイトメトリー分析のために造血幹細胞移植前後及び剖検にて収集した。肺、肝臓、結腸、脾臓、及びリンパ節(腋窩及び鼠径)組織を剖検にて収集し、フローサイトメトリーによるリンパ球浸潤の後続分析に適切なように、解離または酵素的に消化した。試料を、以下のTリンパ球マーカープローブを使用するLSRFortessa細胞分析器(BD Biosciences)を使用して、多色フローサイトメトリーによって分析した:CD3(APC−Cy7標識;クローンSP34−2、BD Biosciences)、CD4(BV786標識;クローンL200、BD Biosciences)、CD8(BUV395標識;クローンRPA−T8、BD Bioscences)、CD28(PE−Cy7標識;クローンCD28.2、eBioscience)、CD95(BV605標識;クローンDX2、Biolegend)。増殖している細胞集団がKi−67(FITC標識、Dako)を使用して特定された。CD4+またはCD8+T細胞サブコンパートメントを以下のように標識した:未感作T細胞(CD28+/CD95−)、中心記憶T細胞(CD28+/CD95+)、エフェクター記憶T細胞(CD28−/CD95+)。
末梢血またはT細胞(CD3+/CD20−)キメラ現象を、ドナー特異的アンプリコン及びレシピエント特異的アンプリコンのピーク高を比較することによる分岐的ドナー及びレシピエント特異的MHC結合マイクロサテライトマーカーを使用して、決定した(Penedo MC et al., (2005) “Microsatellite typing of the アカゲザル MHC region”, Imunogenetics 57:198−209)。
薬物動態
0日目、アカゲザルに、10mg/kgの2D10、または適切な非機能的アイソタイプ対照抗体を投薬した。試料を、+15分後、+1時間後、+8時間後、+24〜36時間後、+72時間後、+96時間後、+8日目、+11日目日目、+15日目、+18日目、+22日目、+25日目に採取した。29日目、動物に、3mg/kgの2D10、または適切な非機能的アイソタイプ対照抗体を投薬した。試料を、29日目で、+15分、+1時間、+8時間後に採取し、その後、29日目の後は24〜36時間後に採取した。試料を、+32日目、+33日目、+36日目、+39日目、+43日目、+46日目、+50日目、+53日目、+57日目、+60日目、+64日目、+67日目、及び+71日目に採取し続けた。
Claims (28)
- hOX40Lエピトープに特異的に結合し、重鎖及び軽鎖を含む抗体またはその抗原結合断片であって、
a.前記重鎖は、
i.配列番号34のアミノ酸配列を有するVH ドメイン;及び
ii.配列番号128のアミノ酸配列を有している重鎖定常領域
を含んでおり、
b.前記軽鎖は、配列番号48のアミノ酸配列を有するVL ドメインを含んでおり、
前記抗体またはその抗原結合断片は、インビトロでのヒトT細胞からのhOX40L刺激性のIL−2分泌を減少させる、抗体またはその抗原結合断片。 - SPRによって決定した1nM〜10pMのKdで、前記hOX40Lエピトープに特異的に結合する、請求項1に記載の抗体またはその抗原結合断片。
- SPRによって決定した1nM〜10pMのKdで、アカゲザルOX40Lエピトープに特異的に結合する、請求項1または2に記載の抗体またはその抗原結合断片。
- IL−2分泌を、hOX40Lに特異的である抗体の不在下でのヒトPBMC MLRアッセイにおけるIL−2の産生と比較して、少なくとも20%減少させる、請求項1〜3のいずれか一項に記載の抗体またはその抗原結合断片。
- 前記VHドメインの第1及び第2のコピーを含む、請求項1〜4のいずれか一項に記載の抗体またはその抗原結合断片。
- 前記VLドメインの第1及び第2のコピーを含む、請求項1〜5のいずれか一項に記載の抗体またはその抗原結合断片。
- カッパ軽鎖を含む、請求項1〜6のいずれか一項に記載の抗体またはその抗原結合断片。
- 前記軽鎖は、齧歯動物、ラット、マウス、ヒト、ウサギ、ニワトリ、ラクダ、ヒツジ、ウシ、非ヒト霊長類、またはサメの定常領域を含む、請求項1〜7のいずれか一項に記載の抗体またはその抗原結合断片。
- ヒトまたはヒト化軽鎖定常領域を更に含む、請求項1〜8のいずれか一項に記載の抗体またはその抗原結合断片。
- 配列番号136、配列番号138、配列番号140、配列番号142及び配列番号144のカッパ軽鎖定常領域アミノ酸配列から成る群から選択される定常領域を含むカッパ軽鎖を含む、請求項1〜9のいずれか一項に記載の抗体またはその抗原結合断片。
- 前記カッパ軽鎖定常領域アミノ酸配列は、配列番号136の配列を含む、請求項10に記載の抗体またはその抗原結合断片。
- 完全ヒト抗体である、請求項1〜11のいずれか一項に記載の抗体またはその抗原結合断片。
- 前記抗体が、重鎖及び軽鎖を含み、前記重鎖アミノ酸配列が、配列番号62の配列からなり、前記軽鎖アミノ酸配列が、配列番号64の配列からなる、請求項1〜12のいずれか一項に記載の抗体またはその抗原結合断片。
- 請求項1〜13のいずれか一項に記載の抗体若しくはその抗原結合断片、及び薬学的に許容される賦形剤、希釈剤、または担体を含む、薬学的組成物。
- 静脈内投与または皮下投与から選択される非経口投与のために製剤化されている、請求項14記載の薬学的組成物。
- 独立して、ラパマイシン(シロリムス)、タクロリムス、シクロスポリン、コルチコステロイド、メトトレキサート、ミコフェノール酸モフェチル、抗CD28抗体、抗IL12/IL−23抗体、抗CD20抗体、抗CD30抗体、CTLA4−Fc分子、CCR5受容体拮抗薬、抗CD40L抗体、抗VLA4抗体、抗LFA1抗体、フルダラビン、抗CD52抗体、抗CD45抗体、シクロホスファミド、抗胸腺細胞グロブリン、抗補体C5抗体、抗a4b7インテグリン抗体、抗IL6抗体、抗IL2R抗体、抗CD25抗体、抗TNFa/TNFa−Fc分子、及びボリノスタットから成る群から選択される更なる治療薬を更に含む、請求項14または15に記載の薬学的組成物。
- 前記組成物が、自己免疫疾患若しくは状態、全身炎症性疾患若しくは状態、または移植片拒絶から選択される、hOX40L媒介性状態または疾患の治療及び/または防止用である、請求項14〜16のいずれか一項に記載の薬学的組成物、または請求項14〜16のいずれか一項に記載の薬学的組成物を含むキット。
- 前記組成物が、炎症性腸疾患(IBD)、クローン病、リウマチ性関節炎、移植片拒絶、同種移植片拒絶、移植片対宿主病(GvHD)、潰瘍性大腸炎、全身性エリテマトーデス(SLE)、糖尿病、ブドウ膜炎、強直性脊椎炎、接触過敏症、多発性硬化症、及びアテローム性動脈硬化症の治療及び/または防止用である、請求項17に記載の薬学的組成物、または請求項17に記載の薬学的組成物を含むキット。
- ヒトにおける前記疾患若しくは状態の治療及び/若しくは防止に使用するためのラベル若しくは説明書と組み合わせた14〜18のいずれか一項に記載の薬学的組成物、または前記ラベル若しくは説明書を含む請求項17または18に記載のキット。
- 前記ラベルまたは説明書が、販売承認番号を含む、請求項19に記載の薬学的組成物またはキット。
- 前記抗体またはその抗原結合断片を含むIVまたは注射機器を含む、請求項17〜20のいずれか一項に記載のキット。
- 治療に使用するための、請求項1〜13のいずれか一項に記載の抗体またはその抗原結合断片。
- 自己免疫疾患若しくは状態、全身炎症性疾患若しくは状態、または移植片拒絶から選択されるhOX40L媒介性疾患または状態の治療または防止に使用するための、請求項22に記載の抗体またはその抗原結合断片。
- 前記hOX40L媒介性疾患が、炎症性腸疾患(IBD)、クローン病、リウマチ性関節炎、移植片拒絶、同種移植片拒絶、移植片対宿主病(GvHD)、潰瘍性大腸炎、全身性エリテマトーデス(SLE)、糖尿病、ブドウ膜炎、強直性脊椎炎、接触過敏症、多発性硬化症、及びアテローム性動脈硬化症から選択される、請求項23に記載の、前記使用のための抗体またはその抗原結合断片。
- 前記hOX40L媒介性疾患が皮膚炎である、請求項23に記載の、前記使用のための抗体またはその抗原結合断片。
- 請求項1〜13のいずれか一項に記載の抗体またはその抗原結合断片の重鎖または軽鎖をコードする、核酸。
- 請求項26に記載の前記核酸を含むベクター。
- 請求項26に記載の前記核酸、または請求項27に記載の前記ベクターを含む、宿主。
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JP2020202866A (ja) * | 2014-03-04 | 2020-12-24 | カイマブ・リミテッド | 抗体、使用、及び方法 |
JP7022181B2 (ja) | 2014-03-04 | 2022-02-17 | カイマブ・リミテッド | 抗体、使用、及び方法 |
JP2018510128A (ja) * | 2015-03-03 | 2018-04-12 | カイマブ・リミテッド | 抗体、使用、及び方法 |
JP7094698B2 (ja) | 2015-03-03 | 2022-07-04 | カイマブ・リミテッド | 抗体、使用、及び方法 |
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