JP6397417B2 - 無線エネルギー伝送システムにおける異物検出 - Google Patents
無線エネルギー伝送システムにおける異物検出 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6397417B2 JP6397417B2 JP2015538116A JP2015538116A JP6397417B2 JP 6397417 B2 JP6397417 B2 JP 6397417B2 JP 2015538116 A JP2015538116 A JP 2015538116A JP 2015538116 A JP2015538116 A JP 2015538116A JP 6397417 B2 JP6397417 B2 JP 6397417B2
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- Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/72—Electric energy management in electromobility
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
- Y02T90/12—Electric charging stations
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
- Y02T90/14—Plug-in electric vehicles
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
- Y02T90/16—Information or communication technologies improving the operation of electric vehicles
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
- Y02T90/16—Information or communication technologies improving the operation of electric vehicles
- Y02T90/167—Systems integrating technologies related to power network operation and communication or information technologies for supporting the interoperability of electric or hybrid vehicles, i.e. smartgrids as interface for battery charging of electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV]
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
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- Y04S30/00—Systems supporting specific end-user applications in the sector of transportation
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Description
よりも大きく、ここで、iおよびjは一対のソース−レシーバ共振器、ソース−リピータ共振器またはリピータ−レシーバ共振器(例えば、i=1,j=2,またはi=1,j=3,またはi=2,j=3)である。何れの共振器も下記に記載するコイルを含むことができる。Q値の高い共振器の技術は、例えば、「Wireless Energy Transfer Systems(無線エネルギー伝送システム)」と題する、2009年9月25日に出願された共通に所有する米国特許出願第12/567,716号に記載されており、この内容を参照のために援用する。
受動的低減技術は、FODが共振器間または高電磁場の特定の領域に入らないようにして、FODと電磁場の相互作用を防止するために使用することができる。
例示的および非限定的実施形態によれば、FODの能動的低減技術は、特定の物体、特定の種類の物体、金属体、有機物体、熱体、共振器パラメータの摂動および/または磁場分布の摂動を検出することのできる検出システムを含むことができる。
上述のループ、双極子、四重極、八極子などのコイルセンサ/グラジオメータの構成は、振動電磁場の存在下で、振動電圧/電流/信号を出力することができる。実施形態において、振動電磁場は所望の測定信号であってもよい。複数のループからの信号が実質的に相互に打ち消し合われる他の実施形態において、振動信号は、共振器の設計、共振器の位置、FODの存在などによる不完全なセンサおよび/またはコイル設計、不均衡なグラジオメータの設計および/または不均一な電磁場によるものである。例示的および非限定的実施形態によれば、読み出し増幅器は特定のコイル、ループセンサ、グラジオメータなどに接続させることができ、高入力インピーダンスを有することができる。この配置はセンサコイル、ループ、ローブ、センサ、グラジオメータなどに大量の循環電流が発生するのを防ぎ、このことにより、無線エネルギー伝送に使用される共振器のQ値が損なわれる、および/または摂動される。いくつかの実施形態において、ループ、ローブ、コイル、グラジオメータなどは、増幅器および/またはフィルタおよび/またはA/Dコンバータおよび/または演算増幅器、および/またはコンパレータ、および/またはプロセッサ、および/または高入力インピーダンスを有するように配置することのできる任意の電子部品に接続することができる。特定の実施形態において、FODセンサは導体ループおよび高入力インピーダンスの電子部品を含むことができる。例示的実施形態において、ループ、ローブ、コイル、センサなどに誘起される信号は、任意の入力インピーダンスの処理回路がFOD信号の処理に使用されることのできるくらい十分に小さくすることができる。信号処理には、信号の検出、信号の増幅、信号の合成、信号の変換(ACからDCおよびDCからACへ)、信号のクランプ、信号の比較、信号のフィルタリング、信号の記憶、プロセッサへの信号解析などが含まれるが、これらに限定されない。例えば、FOD検出システムの駆動周波数は特定の種類のFODに影響を受けるように選択することができる。いくつかの実施形態において、駆動周波数は無線電力伝送システムの周波数よりも低くてもよい。例えば、駆動周波数は10kHzとすることができる、というのも145kHzよりも10kHzの方がより多くの損失が生じる金属があるからである。別の例示的および非制限的な実施形態において、広帯域信号をFODセンサの駆動に使用することができ、スペクトル分析を測定および/または反射信号に対して行い、FODの存在を決定してもよい。種々のFODを種々の反射シグネチャに関連付けることができる。システムは、反射FODシグネチャを特徴付けて記憶する学習アルゴリズムを含むことができる。そしてシステムは「既知のFOD」データベースに基づいてFODの種類を決定することができる。
1.FODがない場合、8の字ループのうちの1つから時間サンプル電圧波形を収集する;
2.基本周波数部品(またはその高調波)の振幅および/または位相を決定する;
3.ベースライン基準値として振幅および/または位相を保存する;
4.FODが存在する場合、同じ8の字ループから電圧波形を収集する;
5.基本周波数部品(またはその高調波)の振幅および/または位相を決定する;
6.振幅および/または位相を基準値と比較する;
7.信号と基準値の違いが所定の閾値を超える場合、FODの検出を宣言する。
FODの検出は、多くの種類の無線エネルギー伝送システムにおいて重要な安全遵守事項である。例として、3.3kW車両充電システムによるFODの検出を以下に記載する。
・充電ステーションの健全性およびステータスチェックを行うため、および車両がソース上を走る前にFODをチェックするために、車両が非存在下で低電力の診断テストを行う。
・車両が到着してソースモジュール上に配置されたが、高出力充電前に、FOD検出器はソースおよび/またはソースの周りの領域にFODのまだ存在しないことを検証する。
・車両が到着してソースモジュールに配置されたが、高出力充電前に、FOD検出器はデバイスにFODがないことを検証する。
・高出力充電中、1つまたは複数のFOD検出器は、さらなるFODが共振器コイル上または共振器コイルの近傍にきていないことを検証する。
実施形態において、アレイにおける複数のFODセンサからの読み取り値を別々に処理し、ベースラインまたは別のセンサ、センサアレイ、基準読み取り値、記憶された読み取り値、検索値などからの予想されたおよび/または測定された読み取り値と比較してもよい。他の実施形態において、複数のセンサからの読み取り値を使用し、一緒に分析してセンサアレイ全体の挙動の分析および比較を行ってもよい。複数のセンサからの読み取り値を同時に処理および分析することは、感度、FOD識別などの向上へとつながる。本開示において、処理と分析は同時に行うことができると理解されたい。複数のセンサ読み取り値を一緒に処理することにより、データのより高次元化のため、より多くの情報を提供することができる。複数のセンサからのデータの収集および処理は、隣接するセンサの相互関係、完全なセンサシステムの傾向および違いなどの効果、ならびにセンサが別々に分析されていればキャプチャすることができないであろうその他の効果をキャプチャすることができる。複数のセンサからのデータ処理におけるいくつかの課題として、データを効率的に処理して、データからの情報が処理中に失われないことを確認することがある。多次元のデータセットは、FODセンサ内の小さな変化を検出する能力を維持しながらデータを継続して検出する中で、記憶、分析するのは困難だろう。
FODの存在しないベースラインを決定するために、センサアレイ内の少なくとも2つのセンサからの読み取り値を使用して平均および共分散行列を計算することができる。平均および共分散行列はFOD検出システム動作中に測定データとの比較として使用してもよい。
値などの規格化因子によって任意選択で規格化してもよい。
(ii)FOD尤度の計算
(iii)同期化
(iv)直交サンプリング
いくつかの実施形態において、FODシステムおよびセンサは較正手順を有することができる。この手順はシステムに動作の通常の限界を「学習する」または「訓練する」、または適切なベースラインデータ(例えば平均および相関行列)を計算するために使用することができる。適切なベースラインデータとは、無線電力伝送システムの尤度y、不整合、温度、湿度などのパラメータのことを指すが、これらに限定されないと理解されたい。較正手順には、上述の平均および相関行列を決定するための、システムのp状態におけるセンサデータ(x)の収集が含まれてもよい。較正手順は、FODのない場合のセンサ読み取りの限界または範囲を提供することができる。実施形態において、センサ読み取り値は共振器の移動、共振器の異なるオフセット、温度変化、距離変化または共振器の種類、車両の変化などによって変化または変動する。システムはセンサ読み取り値のどの変化が通常の動作範囲で、どの変化が共振器の近くの異物によるものかを認識する必要がある。いくつかの実施形態において、システムはセンサ読み取り値の範囲および特性と、システムの通常動作内および動作の通常限界内と思われる変化とを識別するための較正または学習位相を必要とする。較正動作は「通常」または「FODなし」の読み取り値と分類される、センサ読み取り値のベースラインまたはベースライン範囲を提供することができる。通常の読み取り値範囲外のセンサ読み取り値は、警報信号および/またはFOD検出または軽減(mitigation)手順をトリガするために使用することができる。
無線電力伝送システムは磁場センサを含むことができる。磁場センサは、50W,200W,1kW以上の電力を伝送する高出力システムに有益である。例示的および非制限的な実施形態によれば、磁場センサを無線電力伝送システムのソース、デバイスまたはリピータ共振器および/または部品、またはそれらの近くに取り付けてもよい。例えば車両アプリケーションにおいて、磁場センサは地面、ガレージの床、舗道、またはこれらの近くにあるソース共振器に設置することができる。磁場センサはソース共振器筐体、電子部品またはその他の部品に一体化、取り付け、または配置させるか、またはそれらの近くに配置させることができる。いくつかの設置において、磁場センサは車両の周囲の駐車エリアにおけるソースの周囲の地面、床、コンクリート、アスファルトなどに埋め込むことができる。いくつかの実施形態において、磁場センサは、コンクリートまたはアスファルトなどの地面材料で完全に覆うことができるが、駐車場所(例えば公共、個人、屋内、屋外など)によっては地表に設置、取り付け、または接着することができる。磁場センサは無線電力伝送システムのデバイスまたはその近くに一体化、取り付け、または配置することができる。例えば、磁場センサは車両の底面、車両の周囲、車両のキャビン内などの種々の場所に取り付けることができる。磁場センサは読み取り値を提供する無線電力伝送システムの電子部品に接続させることができる。いくつかの実施形態において、センサは無線であってもよく、無線電力伝送システムおよび/または他のエネルギーソースからキャプチャされたエネルギーを取り入れる、または使用することができ、無線通信経路を使って磁場の読み取り値を無線電力伝送システムの1つまたは複数の部品に送信することができる。
例示的および非制限的実施形態によれば、ソースFOD検出システムはデバイスがソースに対して固定された位置に移動する場合、較正することができる。例えば、その下にデバイスの固定された車両がソースに最初に駐車する時、および/またはソースとデバイスの間で充電サイクルが開始される前に、ソースFOD検出システムはFOD検出プログラムへのデバイスの存在の潜在的影響を含むように較正することができる。デバイスを較正に含めることにより、ソースFOD検出システムはソースとデバイスとの間の空間にあるFODをより正確に検出することができる。例示的実施形態において、FOD検出システムは、独立したFOD読み取りの前および車両が駐車した後に侵入したFODを検出することができる。例えば、FOD検出器は車両が駐車する際に車両の下によって引きずられたデブリおよび/またはソース共振器の上および/または近くの車両の下に落下したデブリを検出することができる。
例示的および非制限的実施形態によれば、FOD検出システムは固定位置FOD検出較正を行い、これによってシステムは、デバイスがソースに対する空間に固定されている場合にFODを検出することができる。例えば、車両アプリケーションにおいて、デバイスがその下に取り付けられた車両がソースに駐車すると、FOD検出システムは固定位置FOD検出較正を開始することができる。いくつかの実施形態において、システムは一度だけFOD検出較正を行うことができる。いくつかの実施形態において、一度だけのFOD検出較正によって生成されたデータは、デバイスがソースから離れてしまうまで記憶および使用することができる。これは、例えば、その下にデバイスの取り付けられた車両がその駐車スポットから離れていくまで使用することができる。いくつかの実施形態において、一度だけのFOD検出較正によって生成されたデータは、充電サイクルが行われている限り、較正ファイルとして使用することができる。充電サイクルが中断、または停止され、そして何らかの理由によって開始されると、固定位置デバイスの較正は固定位置FOD検出に続いて再度行うことができる。いくつかの実施形態において、固定位置FOD較正ファイルは他の較正ファイルと比較することができる、および/または既存の較正ファイルに組み込むことができる、および/またはカスタム較正ファイルの作成に使用することができる、および/またはFOD検出システムの訓練に使用することができる。
特定の実施形態において、FOD検出システムは、ある共振器の別の共振器に対する不整合を許容するように較正することができる。例えば、無線エネルギー伝送機能の装備された電気自動車のユーザが車両をソース共振器の位置範囲内に繰り返して駐車すると、FOD検出システムはユーザの駐車位置範囲を許容するように較正することができる。この範囲はユーザに特有のものである。
いくつかの実施形態において、FOD検出システムはそのFOD検出におけるドリフトを補正するために較正することができる。FOD検出システムの感度および/または特異性は時間と共に変化する。これによってシステムは時間の経過と共に多少不安定になり、通常の動作から逸脱してしまう。この潜在的な変化を補償するために、FOD検出システムはその元来の工場設定検出機能に再較正および/またはリセットすることができる。
ここで|s1|...|sj|は各センサの電圧振幅に対応する。このステップにおいて、xはソースとデバイスコイルの間の異なる相対整合位置のn状態に対して測定される。n状態の各状態iはシステムの種々の動作条件(例えば、配向、出力レベル、周波数)におけるp測定を使って特徴付けることができ、(x(i,1),x(i,2),...,x(i,p)と表すことができる、ここで、iは1〜n、0〜n−1またはセットがn状態値を含むような値の範囲である。これらのn状態の各々に関して、各状態iはそれ自身の平均および共分散行列を有することができ、これは下記に示す数式(18)および(19)に従って計算することができる。
ここで、ri,θiはjセンサの測定電圧の振幅および位相にそれぞれ対応する。別の例において、データアレイxは下記の数式(23)に従って、測定電圧のサインおよびコサインをとって計算することができる。
Claims (40)
- デブリを検出する装置であって、
検出器であって、導電素材の複数の独立したループを含み、無線電力伝送システムの電源と受電装置の間に該検出器が位置する場合、それぞれのループが、前記電源によって生成されて前記電源と前記受電装置の間に延びる磁場に応じて電気信号を生成するように構成された検出器と、
前記検出器に連結された制御電子装置であって、
前記電源によって生成されて前記電源と前記受電装置の間に延びる磁場に応じて前記検出器の前記ループによって生成された前記電気信号を測定し、
ベースライン情報を測定された前記電気信号と比較することによって前記電源と前記受電装置の間にデブリがあるか否かを決定するように構成された制御電子装置とを備え、
前記ベースライン情報は、前記電源と前記受電装置の間にデブリがない場合、前記検出器の前記ループのそれぞれによって生成され、測定された電気信号に関する情報を含み、
前記制御電子装置は、前記ベースライン情報の平均および共分散行列を決定し、該平均および共分散行列に基づいて前記ベースライン情報を測定された前記信号と比較することによって前記電源と前記受電装置の間にデブリがあるか否かを決定するように構成された装置。 - 請求項1に記載の装置において、前記制御電子装置は、前記電源を起動して前記電源と前記受電装置の間に磁場を生成するように構成された装置。
- 請求項1に記載の装置において、前記制御電子装置に連結された補助コイルを更に備える装置。
- 請求項3に記載の装置において、前記補助コイルは、第1面を規定する平面コイルを形成するように配置された導電材料の1つ以上のループを含み、前記検出器は、前記第1面と略平行な第2面にそれぞれ位置する導電材料の1つ以上のループを含む装置。
- 請求項4に記載の装置において、前記検出器は前記電源と前記受電装置の間に位置する導電材料の複数のループを含み、前記複数のループは平面内で相互に離間され、隣接するループ間の間隔が隣接するループの対ごとに異なる装置。
- 請求項4に記載の装置において、前記制御電子装置は、前記補助コイルを起動して前記電源と前記受電装置の間に磁場を生成するように構成された装置。
- 請求項4に記載の装置において、前記補助コイルによって生成された前記磁場は、前記第1面に垂直な方向に配向された磁気双極子モーメントを有する装置。
- 請求項7に記載の装置において、前記補助コイルによって生成された前記磁場の前記磁気双極子モーメントは、前記制御電子装置によって前記電源が起動されたときに前記電源によって生成された磁場の磁気双極子モーメントの方向に略垂直である装置。
- 請求項1に記載の装置において、前記制御電子装置は、前記平均および共分散行列に基づいて前記電源と前記受電装置の間にデブリがある尤度値を計算するように構成された装置。
- 請求項9に記載の装置において、前記制御電子装置は、前記尤度値に基づき、前記電源と前記受電装置の間にデブリがある確率を0〜1の間で計算するように構成された装置。
- 請求項9に記載の装置において、前記制御電子装置は、前記尤度値を閾値尤度値と比較することにより、前記電源と前記受電装置の間にデブリがあるか否かを決定するように構成された装置。
- 請求項1に記載の装置において、前記制御電子装置は前記ベースライン情報を取得するように構成された装置。
- 請求項12に記載の装置において、前記制御電子装置は電子記憶装置から前記ベースライン情報を取り出すことにより、該ベースライン情報を取得するように構成された装置。
- 請求項12に記載の装置において、前記制御電子装置は近傍にデブリのない電源を起動して前記検出器を貫くように磁束を生成し、前記検出器の前記磁束に応じた前記電気信号を測定することによって前記ベースライン情報を取得するように構成された装置。
- 請求項14に記載の装置において、前記制御電子装置は、前記電源を起動し、前記電源と前記受電装置とを少なくとも部分的に整合させて前記検出器の前記電気信号を測定する
- 請求項14に記載の装置において、前記制御電子装置は、前記電源を起動し、前記電源と前記受電装置の間に電力伝送を生じさせずに、前記検出器の前記電気信号を測定するように構成された装置。
- 請求項14に記載の装置において、前記制御電子装置は、前記磁束に応じて、前記検出器の電気信号を複数回測定することによって前記ベースライン情報を取得するように構成され、前記平均および共分散行列は前記電気信号の前記複数の測定からの寄与を含む装置。
- 請求項1に記載の装置において、前記検出器によって生成された前記電気信号は、電圧および電流のうちの少なくとも1つを含む装置。
- 請求項1に記載の装置において、前記ベースライン情報は、前記検出器によって生成される複数の電気信号に関する情報を含み、前記複数の電気信号は、前記システムの異なる複数の動作状態に対応し、前記制御電子装置は、測定された前記信号を前記システムの前記動作状態に対応する前記ベースライン情報の一部と比較するように構成された装置。
- 請求項19に記載の装置において、前記異なる複数の動作状態は、前記電源と前記受電装置の間の異なる複数の整合に対応し、前記制御電子装置は前記複数のループの少なくともいくつかによって生成された電気信号を測定し、測定された該電気信号に基づいて前記電源と前記受電装置の間の不整合に関する情報を決定するように構成された装置。
- 請求項20に記載の装置において、前記制御電子装置は、前記複数のループの少なくともいくつかによって生成された電気信号を比較することにより、前記不整合に関する情報を決定するように構成された装置。
- 請求項1に記載の装置において、前記制御電子装置は、前記電源と前記受電装置の間にデブリがある場合、前記電源と前記受電装置の間の無線電力伝送を中断するように構成された装置。
- 請求項1に記載の装置において、前記制御電子装置は、前記電源と前記受電装置の間にデブリがある場合、前記電源と前記受電装置の間のエネルギー伝送速度を下げるように構成された装置。
- 請求項1に記載の装置において、前記制御電子装置は、前記電源と前記受電装置の間にデブリある場合、前記装置のユーザに警告インジケータを提供するように構成された装置。
- 方法であって、
無線電力伝送システムの電源と受電装置の間に磁場を生成するステップと、
前記電源と前記受電装置の間に位置する検出器によって、前記検出器に含まれる導電素材の複数の独立したループによって生成された電気信号を前記磁場に応じて測定するステップと、
ベースライン情報を測定された前記電気信号と比較することによって前記電源と前記受電装置の間にデブリがあるか否かを決定するステップとを含み、
前記ベースライン情報は、前記電源と前記受電装置の間にデブリがない場合、前記検出器の前記ループのそれぞれによって生成され、測定された電気信号に関する情報を含み、
前記電源と前記受電装置の間にデブリがあるか否かを決定するステップは、前記ベースライン情報の平均および共分散行列を決定し、該平均および共分散行列に基づき前記ベースライン情報を測定された前記電気信号と比較するステップを含む方法。 - 請求項25に記載の方法において、前記平均および共分散行列に基づき、前記電源と前記受電装置の間にデブリがある尤度値を決定するステップをさらに含む方法。
- 請求項26に記載の方法において、前記尤度値に基づき、前記電源と前記受電装置の間にデブリがある確率を0〜1の間で決定するステップをさらに含む方法。
- 請求項26に記載の方法において、前記尤度値を閾値尤度値と比較することによって、前記電源と前記受電装置の間にデブリがあるか否かを決定するステップをさらに含む方法。
- 請求項25に記載の方法において、近傍にデブリのない前記電源を起動して前記検出器を貫くように磁束を生成することによって前記ベースライン情報を取得するステップと、前記磁束に応じた前記検出器の前記電気信号を測定するステップとをさらに含む方法。
- 請求項29に記載の方法において、前記電源を起動して、前記電源と前記受電装置とを少なくとも部分的に整合させて前記検出器の前記電気信号を測定するステップをさらに含む方法。
- 請求項29に記載の方法において、前記電源を起動して、前記電源と前記受電装置の間に電力伝送を生じさせずに前記検出器の前記電気信号を測定するステップをさらに含む方法。
- 請求項25に記載の方法において、前記電源と前記受電装置の間にデブリがある場合、前記電源と前記受電装置の間の無線電力伝送を中断するステップをさらに含む方法。
- 請求項25に記載の方法において、前記電源と前記受電装置の間にデブリがある場合、前記電源と前記受電装置の間のエネルギー伝送速度を下げるステップをさらに含む方法。
- 請求項25に記載の方法において、前記電源と前記受電装置の間にデブリがある場合、警告インジケータを提供するステップをさらに含む方法。
- 請求項1に記載の装置において、前記制御電子装置は、前記ベースライン情報に含まれる前記電気信号の少なくとも一部に同等でない重み付けを行い、前記平均および共分散行列を決定するように構成された装置。
- 請求項25に記載の方法において、前記ベースライン情報に含まれる前記電気信号の少なくとも一部に同等でない重み付けを行い、前記平均および共分散行列を決定するステップをさらに含む方法。
- 請求項1に記載の装置において、前記電源によって生成された前記磁場に応じて、導電材料の前記独立したループのそれぞれによって生成される前記電気信号は、信号振幅および位相を含み、前記平均および共分散行列は、前記電気信号の前記信号振幅および位相に基づいて前記制御電子装置によって決定される装置。
- 請求項37に記載の装置において、前記制御電子装置は、前記信号振幅および位相を組み合わせて、前記独立したループのそれぞれについての測定データのセットを形成するように構成され、前記データの少なくともいくつかの要素は組み合わされた信号振幅および位相に対応し、前記平均および共分散行列は、前記独立したループのそれぞれについての前記測定データのセットに基づいて前記制御電子装置によって決定される装置。
- 請求項25に記載の方法において、前記電源によって生成された前記磁場に応じて導電材料の前記独立したループのそれぞれによって生成される前記電気信号は、信号振幅および位相を含み、前記平均および共分散行列は、前記電気信号の前記信号振幅および位相に基づいて決定される方法。
- 請求項39に記載の方法において、前記信号振幅および位相を組み合わせて、前記独立したループのそれぞれについて測定データのセットを形成するステップをさらに含み、前記データの少なくともいくつかの要素は組み合わされた信号振幅および位相に対応し、前記平均および共分散行列は、前記独立したループのそれぞれについての前記測定データのセットに基づいて決定される方法。
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