JP6145655B2 - 半導体光検出器 - Google Patents
半導体光検出器 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6145655B2 JP6145655B2 JP2014552887A JP2014552887A JP6145655B2 JP 6145655 B2 JP6145655 B2 JP 6145655B2 JP 2014552887 A JP2014552887 A JP 2014552887A JP 2014552887 A JP2014552887 A JP 2014552887A JP 6145655 B2 JP6145655 B2 JP 6145655B2
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- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 title claims description 205
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 52
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- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
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- 101100294408 Saccharomyces cerevisiae (strain ATCC 204508 / S288c) MOT2 gene Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000000098 azimuthal photoelectron diffraction Methods 0.000 description 2
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- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NLDMNSXOCDLTTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Heterophylliin A Natural products O1C2COC(=O)C3=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C3C3=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=C3C(=O)OC2C(OC(=O)C=2C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=2)C(O)C1OC(=O)C1=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C1 NLDMNSXOCDLTTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229910001128 Sn alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium;oxotin Chemical compound [In].[Sn]=O AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 238000007740 vapor deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N25/00—Circuitry of solid-state image sensors [SSIS]; Control thereof
- H04N25/70—SSIS architectures; Circuits associated therewith
- H04N25/71—Charge-coupled device [CCD] sensors; Charge-transfer registers specially adapted for CCD sensors
- H04N25/75—Circuitry for providing, modifying or processing image signals from the pixel array
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J1/00—Photometry, e.g. photographic exposure meter
- G01J1/42—Photometry, e.g. photographic exposure meter using electric radiation detectors
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- H01L27/14—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation
- H01L27/144—Devices controlled by radiation
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- H01L27/144—Devices controlled by radiation
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- H01L27/14634—Assemblies, i.e. Hybrid structures
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- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
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- H01L27/14—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01L31/08—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof in which radiation controls flow of current through the device, e.g. photoresistors
- H01L31/10—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof in which radiation controls flow of current through the device, e.g. photoresistors characterised by potential barriers, e.g. phototransistors
- H01L31/101—Devices sensitive to infrared, visible or ultraviolet radiation
- H01L31/102—Devices sensitive to infrared, visible or ultraviolet radiation characterised by only one potential barrier
- H01L31/107—Devices sensitive to infrared, visible or ultraviolet radiation characterised by only one potential barrier the potential barrier working in avalanche mode, e.g. avalanche photodiodes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H04N25/76—Addressed sensors, e.g. MOS or CMOS sensors
- H04N25/77—Pixel circuitry, e.g. memories, A/D converters, pixel amplifiers, shared circuits or shared components
- H04N25/772—Pixel circuitry, e.g. memories, A/D converters, pixel amplifiers, shared circuits or shared components comprising A/D, V/T, V/F, I/T or I/F converters
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- H01L27/144—Devices controlled by radiation
- H01L27/146—Imager structures
- H01L27/14601—Structural or functional details thereof
- H01L27/1462—Coatings
- H01L27/14623—Optical shielding
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L2924/00—Indexing scheme for arrangements or methods for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies as covered by H01L24/00
- H01L2924/30—Technical effects
- H01L2924/38—Effects and problems related to the device integration
- H01L2924/381—Pitch distance
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- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Multimedia (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Solid State Image Pick-Up Elements (AREA)
- Light Receiving Elements (AREA)
- Transforming Light Signals Into Electric Signals (AREA)
- Photometry And Measurement Of Optical Pulse Characteristics (AREA)
Description
まず、図1と図2を参照しながら、本発明の第1の実施形態に係る半導体光検出器の単位画素の構造を説明する。なお、図2は平面視における本実施形態に係る半導体光検出器の配置を明確に示すため、一部透視図としている。なお、本明細書において、「平面視」とは、光電変換部101の受光面の法線方向から見ることを指す。
次に、図13と図14を参照しながら、本発明の第2の実施形態に係る半導体光検出器500の単位画素の構造を説明する。
12 第1の半導体部
13 第2の半導体部
14 第3の半導体部
15 第4の半導体部
16 保護酸化膜
17 電極
18 層間絶縁膜
19,24 コンタクトプラグ
20,23 画素電極
21 半導体基板
22 電荷蓄積部
25 配線層間膜
50 増幅部
60 リセット回路部
61 比較器
63 カウンタ
64 列信号線
68 リセット制御線
81 パルス発生回路部
82 演算回路部
100 半導体光検出器
101 光電変換部
201 検出回路部
301 接合部
500 半導体光検出器
502 光電変換部
504 検出回路部
506 画素電極
510 電極
512 電荷蓄積部
514 コンタクトプラグ
516 半導体基板
518 層間絶縁膜
AM 電荷増倍領域
Claims (14)
- 行列状に配置された複数の単位画素を備え、
前記複数の単位画素は、それぞれ、
入射光を光電変換し、アバランシェ増倍によって電荷が増倍される電荷増倍領域を有する光電変換部と、
前記光電変換部に接続され、前記光電変換部からの信号電荷を蓄積する電荷蓄積部と、
前記電荷蓄積部に接続され、前記電荷蓄積部に蓄積された前記信号電荷を電圧に変換し、増幅部を通して増幅して出力する検出回路と、
前記電荷蓄積部に接続され、前記電荷蓄積部において発生するノイズを抑圧するノイズ抑圧回路とを有し、
前記光電変換部は、
入射光の入射側の第1の表面と、前記第1の表面と対向する第2の表面とを有する半導体層と、
前記半導体層の前記第1の表面側に形成された第1の半導体部と、
前記半導体層の前記第2の表面側の一部に形成された第2の半導体部と、
前記半導体層の内部であって、平面視において、前記第2の半導体部と重なる位置に形成された第3の半導体部と、
前記半導体層の前記第2の表面側であって、且つ、前記第2の半導体部が形成されていない領域に形成され、前記第2の半導体部と不純物濃度および導電型のうち少なくとも一方が異なる第4の半導体部とを備え、
前記半導体層の前記第1の表面上には、前記第1の半導体部と電気的に接続された第1の電極が配置され、
前記半導体層の前記第2の表面上には、前記第2の半導体部と電気的に接続された第2の電極が配置され、
前記第4の半導体部は、隣接する単位画素間を分離する画素分離領域であり、
前記ノイズ抑圧回路は、
前記増幅部に接続され、前記電荷蓄積部をリセットするリセットトランジスタと、
前記リセットトランジスタにリセットパルス信号を出力するリセット回路部とを備え、
前記増幅部からの出力信号の読み出しを第1の期間に行い、
前記第1の期間の終了と同時に前記電荷蓄積部をリセットする第1のリセット動作と、
前記第1の期間よりも短い間隔で前記電荷蓄積部を繰り返しリセットする、第2のリセット動作とを行う
半導体光検出器。 - 前記第2の半導体部と前記第4の半導体部とは、接している
請求項1に記載の半導体検出器。 - 前記半導体層、前記第1の半導体部、前記第3の半導体部及び前記第4の半導体部は第1導電型であり、
前記第2の半導体部は前記第1導電型と異なる第2導電型である
請求項1又は2に記載の半導体光検出器。 - 前記半導体層、前記第1の半導体部及び前記第3の半導体部は第1導電型であり、
前記第2の半導体部及び前記第4の半導体部は、前記第1導電型とは異なる第2導電型
であり、
前記第2の半導体部の不純物濃度は、前記第4の半導体部の不純物濃度よりも高い
請求項1又は2に記載の半導体光検出器。 - 前記第2の半導体部の不純物濃度は、前記第4の半導体部の不純物濃度の10倍以上、
且つ、104倍以下である
請求項4に記載の半導体光検出器。 - 前記半導体層の不純物濃度は、前記第1の半導体部、前記第3の半導体部の不純物濃度よりも低い
請求項4に記載の半導体光検出器。 - 前記増幅部の後段に比較器とカウンタを備える
請求項1に記載の半導体光検出器。 - 前記リセット回路部は、前記比較器の出力信号でリセット動作を行う
請求項7に記載の半導体光検出器。 - 前記第2のリセット動作において、フォトンの入射後、一定の期間、前記繰り返しリセットを停止する
請求項1から8のいずれかに記載の半導体光検出器。 - 前記リセット回路部は、
前記比較器からの信号を受信していない期間中は、前記リセットトランジスタへのリセットパルス信号を繰り返し出力する
請求項1から9のいずれかに記載の半導体光検出器。 - 前記リセット回路部は、前記比較器からの信号を受信している期間中は、前記リセットトランジスタへのリセットパルス信号の出力を停止する
請求項1から10のいずれかに記載の半導体光検出器。 - 前記リセット回路部は、前記カウンタから信号を受信すると同時に、前記リセットトランジスタへのリセットパルス信号の出力を開始する
請求項1から9のいずれかに記載の半導体光検出器。 - 前記アバランシェ増倍を起こす電荷は電子、あるいは、正孔のいずれか一方である
請求項1から12のいずれかに記載の半導体光検出器。 - 前記光電変換部で発生する前記アバランシェ増倍は線形モードである
請求項1から13のいずれかに記載の半導体光検出器。
Applications Claiming Priority (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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JP2012275383 | 2012-12-18 | ||
JP2012275383 | 2012-12-18 | ||
JP2013051330 | 2013-03-14 | ||
JP2013051330 | 2013-03-14 | ||
PCT/JP2013/005833 WO2014097519A1 (ja) | 2012-12-18 | 2013-10-01 | 半導体光検出器 |
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JPWO2014097519A1 JPWO2014097519A1 (ja) | 2017-01-12 |
JP6145655B2 true JP6145655B2 (ja) | 2017-06-14 |
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JP2014552887A Active JP6145655B2 (ja) | 2012-12-18 | 2013-10-01 | 半導体光検出器 |
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US (1) | US9743026B2 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP6145655B2 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN104885222B (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2014097519A1 (ja) |
Cited By (1)
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US11330202B2 (en) | 2018-02-02 | 2022-05-10 | Sony Semiconductor Solutions Corporation | Solid-state image sensor, imaging device, and method of controlling solid-state image sensor |
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