JP5731381B2 - 成形体、この成形体を用いる加熱装置、およびこの成形体の製造方法 - Google Patents
成形体、この成形体を用いる加熱装置、およびこの成形体の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title claims description 37
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 15
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 12
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 73
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 55
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052574 oxide ceramic Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011224 oxide ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005304 joining Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N strontium atom Chemical compound [Sr] CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N yttrium atom Chemical compound [Y] VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000272 alkali metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000287 alkaline earth metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical compound [Ce] GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium atom Chemical compound [Ba] DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920003169 water-soluble polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 2
- FIPWRIJSWJWJAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butyl carbitol 6-propylpiperonyl ether Chemical compound C1=C(CCC)C(COCCOCCOCCCC)=CC2=C1OCO2 FIPWRIJSWJWJAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910010413 TiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony atom Chemical compound [Sb] WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005496 eutectics Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000020169 heat generation Effects 0.000 description 1
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron oxide Inorganic materials [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum atom Chemical compound [La] FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000464 lead oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium atom Chemical compound [Nb] GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical class [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008646 thermal stress Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten carbide Chemical compound [W+]#[C-] UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001928 zirconium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
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Description
A)エレクトロセラミックスの出発物質を用意する。
B)セラミック構造材の出発物質を用意する。
C)エレクトロセラミックスの出発物質を含む第1部位と、セラミック構造材の出発物質を含む第2部位とからなる焼結素材を成形する。
D)エレクトロセラミックスの出発物質を、電気抵抗が正の温度係数をもつエレクトロセラミックスに転換させつつ、成形体製造のために焼結素材を焼結させる。
1)所望の電気的・機械的特性を有する少なくとも2つの部位が1つの成形体に形成される。
2)上記少なくとも2つの部位が互いに密接して形成される。
3)上記少なくとも2つの部位が同時に形成される。
15 電気端子
20 第2部位
30 成形体
40 電気接点領域
45 電気接点領域
Claims (12)
- 流体を加熱するための加熱装置であって、
電気抵抗が正の温度係数をもち且つペロブスカイト構造を有するエレクトロセラミックスからなる第1部位(10)と、
酸化物系セラミックスであるセラミック構造材からなる第2部位(20)と、
前記第1部位(10)および第2部位(20)の間に位置し、エレクトロセラミックスおよびセラミック構造材が互いに焼結し合った接合部位と、を有する成形体(30)を備え、
前記成形体(30)に電流を流すための電気接点領域(40)が前記成形体(30)の前記第1部位(10)に設けられ、
前記第1部位(10)及び前記第2部位(20)は、前記流体を通すように適合したパイプ状をなすとともに、前記第1部位(10)が前記第2部位(20)を取り囲んでいることを特徴とする加熱装置。 - 前記エレクトロセラミックスは、Ba1-x-yMxDTi1-a-bNaMnbO3(xは0〜0.5,yは0〜0.01、aは0〜0.01、bは0〜0.01である。Mは2価のカチオンとなりうる元素、Dは3価または4価のアニオンとなりうる元素、Nは5価または6価のアニオンとなりうる元素である。)型の結晶構造を有することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の加熱装置。
- 前記エレクトロセラミックスは、−30℃〜340℃のキュリー温度を有することを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載の加熱装置。
- 前記エレクトロセラミックスは、25℃において、3〜100000Ωcmの電気抵抗率を有することを特徴とする請求項1乃至3のいずれかに記載の加熱装置。
- 前記酸化物系セラミックスは、ZrO2、Al2O3およびMgOからなる群より選択されるであることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の加熱装置。
- 前記第1部位(10)、第2部位(20)および接合部位の各熱膨張係数は、2×10-6K-1未満の範囲内で互いに異なることを特徴とする請求項1乃至5のいずれかに記載の加熱装置。
- 前記接合部位は、エレクトロセラミックスとセラミック構造材の各構成物質が互いに他方へ拡散するのを防止する役割を果たすことを特徴とする請求項1乃至6のいずれかに記載の加熱装置。
- 流体を加熱するための請求項1に係る加熱装置の製造方法であって、
A)エレクトロセラミックスの出発物質を用意する工程と、
B)セラミック構造材の出発物質を用意する工程と、
C)エレクトロセラミックスの出発物質を含む前記第1部位(10)と、セラミック構造材(20)の出発物質を含む前記第2部位とからなる焼結素材を成形する工程と、
D)前記エレクトロセラミックスの出発物質を、電気抵抗が正の温度係数をもち且つペロブスカイト構造を有するエレクトロセラミックスに転換させ、前記セラミック構造材の出発物質を、酸化物系セラミックスであるセラミック構造材に転換させ、前記エレクトロセラミックスおよび前記セラミック構造材が互いに焼結し合った接合部位を形成するように、成形体製造のために焼結素材を焼結させる工程とを含む加熱装置の製造方法。 - 前記工程A)と工程B)は、エレクトロセラミックスとセラミック構造材の各出発物質を、両熱膨張係数の差が2×10-6K-1以下に収まるように選択する工程を含むことを特徴とする請求項8に記載の加熱装置の製造方法。
- 前記工程C)は、焼結素材を、射出成形法、多層押出成形法またはフィルムキャスティング法を用いて成形する工程を含むことを特徴とする請求項8または9に記載の加熱装置の製造方法。
- カルシウム、ストロンチウム、鉛またはジルコニウムの酸化物を前記エレクトロセラミックスの出発物質に添加することを特徴とする請求項8乃至10のいずれかに記載の加熱装置の製造方法。
- アルカリ金属の酸化物、アルカリ土類金属の酸化物、セリウム、イットリウム、酸化チタンまたは酸化シリコンを前記セラミック構造材の出発物質に添加することを特徴とする請求項8乃至11のいずれかに記載の加熱装置の製造方法。
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