JP2019528765A - 細胞の凍結保存のための組成物および方法 - Google Patents
細胞の凍結保存のための組成物および方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
この出願は、本明細書に参照によりその全体を組み込まれる、米国仮特許出願第62/405,447号(2016年10月7日出願)および第62/404,170号(2016年10月4日出願)の優先権を主張するものである。この出願はまた、本明細書に参照によりその全体を組み込まれる、2017年10月4日出願の「Compositions and Methods for Maintaining Cell Viability」と題された国際出願PCT/CN2017/に関連する。
用語「保存」とは、その生物活動が大幅に低減するものの、一方で生存可能性を保ち、かつその保存状態から取り出された際に本質的に正常な生物活動を再開し得るような条件下で、生体材を維持する過程を指す。保存の具体的な例は、凍結保存および低温保存である。
本明細書の「凍結保護剤」または「凍結保護用剤」という用語は、氷核形成、氷晶成長、氷形成、または任意のそれらの組合せを遅延または防止するのに用いられる化合物を指す。凍結保護剤は、凍結保存下で生体材の生存能を維持し、生体材に凍結保存中に損傷が引き起こされるのを防ぐために役立つ。
糖類としては、単糖類や二糖類などのオリゴ糖類、多糖類などが挙げられる。糖類は糖を含む。
アルブミンの非限定的な例としては、血清アルブミン(例えばヒト血清アルブミンまたはHAS)、血漿アルブミン(例えばヒト血漿アルブミン)、ウシ血清アルブミン、および/または合成血清アルブミン)、オバルブミン、植物アルブミン、またはそれらの組合せが挙げられる。アルブミンの非限定的な例としては、ウシ胎児血清も挙げられる。
ある特定の実施形態では、本願の保存組成物中のゼラチンは、約15キロダルトン(kD)から約40kDまで、約25kDから約40kDまで、約25kDから約50kDまで、約25kDから約45kDまで、約40kDから約50kDまで、約10kDから約100kDまで、約40kDから約100kDまで、約50kDダルトンから約100kDまで、約100kDから約200kDまで、約100kDから約250kDまで、約80kDから約200kDまで、約150kDから約200kDまで、約100kDから約150kDまで、または約50kDから約200kDまでに及ぶ分子量(または重量平均分子量または平均分子量)を有する。
ある特定の実施形態では、本願の組成物は、アミノ酸、サイトカイン、脂質、成長因子、抗生物剤(例えばペニシリン、ストレプトマイシンなど)、抗真菌剤、ステロイドホルモン、タンパク質ホルモン、血清、タンパク質、塩、ホルムアミド、メトキシル化化合物、および/またはポリマー(例えばポリビニルピロリドンおよびポリビニルアルコール)をさらに含むことがある。
本願の保存組成物は、1つまたは複数のアミノ酸を含んでいても含んでいなくてもよい。
ある特定の実施形態では、本願の保存組成物は、ジメチルスルホキシド(DMSO)を実質的に含まないか、DMSOを含まないか、またはDMSO不含である。
他の一実施形態では、本保存組成物は、1つまたは複数のビタミンをさらに含む。ビタミンの非限定的な例としては、D-パントテン酸カルシウム、塩化コリン、葉酸、ナイアシンアミド、ピリドキシンHCl、チアミンHCl、およびリボフラビンが挙げられる。
ある特定の実施形態では、本願の組成物は、無機塩および/または有機塩を含めて、1つまたは複数の塩をさらに含む。無機塩の非限定的な例としては、塩化カリウム、重炭酸ナトリウム、塩化ナトリウム、およびリン酸1水素ナトリウム、リン酸1水素カリウム、リン酸2水素カリウム、重炭酸ナトリウム、塩化カルシウム、塩化マグネシウム、重炭酸カリウム、1リン酸カリウム、およびそれらの組合せが挙げられる。
本願の開示は、凍結保存組成物、および生体材を凍結保存するための方法を提供する。
生体材を保持するために適切な貯蔵条件は、生体材を生存可能に維持するような任意の条件を含む。そのような条件としては、約0℃以下、約-20℃以下、約-50℃以下、約-60℃以下、約-70℃以下、約-80℃以下、約-90℃以下、約-100℃以下、約-110℃以下、約-120℃以下、約-135℃以下、約-196℃以下、または液体窒素中の凍結保存温度を挙げることができる。低温保存用には、温度を、8℃と0℃との間とすることができる。凍結乾燥試料の場合、湿気から材料を離しておく限り、温度は、0℃を超えるか(例えば室温、大気温など)または0℃を下回る任意の温度としてよい。
本願の組成物および方法によって、細胞の保存(例えば凍結保存)が可能になることがあり、その場合、細胞は、回復後に良好な生存能を維持する。保存は、保存の方法および生体材の性質に合わせるために選び得る数多くの異なるプロセスを用いて中止してもよく、そのようなものとしては、生体材の温度の上昇、凍結乾燥された生体材の加水、および/または溶質の除去が挙げられる。
用語「生体材」とは、細胞、細胞凝集体、組織、器官、生体液、ウイルス粒子、および任意の他の膜性の実体、例えばリポソーム(天然または合成の)などを指す。
本願の開示はまた、本願の保存組成物を(本明細書に記載されるような固体または液体の形態で)含むキットを提供する。そのようなキットは、本願の保存組成物を含む1つまたは複数の容器を含むことがある。一実施形態では、本キットは、生体材を含む本願の保存組成物を含む。一実施形態では、本キットは、保存(例えば凍結保存)用の生体材を含む。
凍結溶液の調製
9つの凍結溶液のストック試料を調製した(表1)。アルブミンは、Kedrionから購入したHSAとした。ゼラチンは、Gelita(ゼラチンをウシの皮革から調製;バッチ番号L600217)またはNippi(ゼラチンをウシ、ブタおよび/または魚などから調製;ロット番号S150806)から購入した。トレハロースは、Hayashibaraから購入した。スクロースは、J.T.Bakerから購入した。グリセロールは、Spectrumから購入した。PEGは、SIGMAから購入した。実施例の表中の様々な構成成分のパーセンテージは、%(w/v)である。
線維芽細胞を培養し、5日間拡大した。細胞が約80〜90%の集密度に到達した後、細胞をトリプシン処理してDMEMに懸濁した。500μLの細胞懸濁液(106細胞個/mL)を、凍結チューブ中で500μLの2×ストック凍結溶液と混合した。CPA-1からCPA-9(異なる試料)において、凍結溶液の各構成成分の終濃度(作業用濃度)を表2に示す。対照試料はDMEMを含有する。
凍結チューブを37℃の水浴中に2〜3分間配して、凍結保存細胞を解凍した。解凍した細胞懸濁液を穏やかに混合し、細胞の生存能をADAM-MC自動細胞カウンター(Digital Bio)によって分析した。
様々な細胞凍結溶液中の線維芽細胞の生存能を、表3および図1に示す。巨大分子、糖、および透過性凍結保護剤を含有する凍結保存組成物中で凍結保存された細胞は、DMEMのみよりも高い生存能を維持した。
凍結保存溶液の様々な構成成分が細胞生存能に及ぼす効果を試験するために、表4に従って各種試料を調製した。
胎児皮膚線維芽細胞であるFE002-SK2細胞のチューブ2本(9継代;P9)を、以下の生存能を以て解凍した(表5)。
播種の約7日後、以下の生存能を以て細胞を回収した(表6)。
凍結チューブを37℃の水浴中に置いて、細胞を解凍した。細胞の生存能をADAM-MC自動細胞カウンター(Digital Bio)によって分析した。簡単に述べれば、凍結チューブ1本を都度解凍し、混合物を5回ピペッティングして混合した。20μLの混合物を20μLの染色溶液と混合し、細胞カウンターを用いて計数した。
結果では、本願の凍結保存組成物の一実施形態(Complete-CPA、Complete-1、およびComplete-2)を用いて凍結保存された細胞の解凍後生存能が80%を上回り、DMSO(DMSO-CPA、DMSO-1、およびDMSO-2)を含有する凍結保存組成物に匹敵するものであったことが示されている。
項目1:(1)約2%(w/v)から約40%(w/v)の透過性凍結保護剤、(2)約0.1Mから約1Mの糖類、および(3)約1%(w/v)から約10%(w/v)の巨大分子を含み、前記%(w/v)の単位およびMの単位が、凍結保存組成物の総体積に基づく、凍結保存組成物。
項目2:前記透過性凍結保護剤が、グリセロール、ポリエチレングリコール、またはそれらの組合せを含む、項目1に記載の凍結保存組成物。
項目3:前記糖類が、スクロース、ソルビトール、グルコース、フルクトース、ガラクトース、トレハロース、マンノース、マルトース、またはそれらの組合せを含む、項目1、2のいずれかに記載の凍結保存組成物。
項目4:前記糖類が、スクロース、トレハロース、またはそれらの組合せを含む、項目1〜3のいずれかに記載の凍結保存組成物。
項目5:前記巨大分子が、約65kDaから約200kDaに及ぶ分子量を有する、項目1〜4のいずれかに記載の凍結保存組成物。
項目6:前記巨大分子が、アルブミン、ゼラチン、またはそれらの組合せを含む、項目1〜5のいずれかに記載の凍結保存組成物。
項目7:実質的にDMSOを含まない、項目1〜6のいずれかに記載の凍結保存組成物。
項目8:アミノ酸、サイトカイン、脂質、成長因子、抗生物剤、抗真菌剤、ステロイドホルモン、タンパク質ホルモン、またはそれらの組合せをさらに含む、上記項目のいずれかに記載の凍結保存組成物。
項目9:1つまたは複数の細胞をさらに含む、項目1〜8のいずれかに記載の凍結保存組成物。
項目10:凍結保存状態にある、項目1〜9のいずれかに記載の凍結保存組成物。
項目11:前記細胞が、約105細胞個/mLから約107細胞個/mLまでに及ぶ濃度で存在する、項目1〜10のいずれかに記載の凍結保存組成物。
項目12:(1)約2%(w/v)から約20%(w/v)の透過性凍結保護剤、(2)約0.1Mから約0.5Mの糖類、および(3)約1%(w/v)から約5%(w/v)の巨大分子を含む、項目1〜11のいずれかに記載の凍結保存組成物。
項目13:1つまたは複数の細胞をさらに含む、項目1〜12のいずれかに記載の凍結保存組成物。
項目14:凍結保存状態である、項目1〜13のいずれかに記載の凍結保存組成物。
項目15:前記細胞が、約105細胞個/mLから約107細胞個/mLまでに及ぶ濃度で存在する、項目1〜14のいずれかに記載の凍結保存組成物。
項目16:(a)1つまたは複数の細胞を凍結保存組成物と混合して、混合物を形成するステップと、(b)前記混合物を凍結するステップとを含み、前記凍結保存組成物が、(1)2から40%(w/v)の透過性凍結保護剤と、(2)0.1から1Mの糖類と、(3)1から10%(w/v)の巨大分子とを含む、1つまたは複数の細胞を凍結保存するための方法。
項目17:前記細胞が哺乳類細胞である、項目16のいずれかに記載の方法。
項目18:前記細胞が、ヒト、ブタ、イヌ、ウマ、またはウシの細胞である、項目16、17のいずれかに記載の方法。
項目19:前記細胞が腫瘍細胞を含む、項目16〜18のいずれかに記載の方法。
項目20:前記細胞が線維芽細胞を含む、項目16〜19のいずれかに記載の方法。
項目21:前記細胞が幹細胞を含む、項目16〜20のいずれかに記載の方法。
項目22:前記混合物が、約-70℃から約-200℃に及ぶ温度で凍結される、項目16〜21のいずれかに記載の方法。
項目23:前記細胞が、前記混合物中に約105細胞個/mLから約107細胞個/mLまでに及ぶ濃度で存在する、項目16〜22のいずれかに記載の方法。
項目24:前記凍結保存組成物が、実質的にDMSOを含まない、項目16〜23のいずれかに記載の方法。
項目25:(c)前記凍結混合物を解凍するステップをさらに含む、項目16〜24のいずれかに記載の方法。
項目26:前記細胞が、少なくとも70%の解凍後生存能を有する、項目16〜25のいずれかに記載の方法。
項目27:前記細胞が、少なくとも80%の解凍後生存能を有する、項目16〜26のいずれかに記載の方法。
項目28.項目1〜15のいずれかに記載の凍結保存組成物を含むキット。
Claims (28)
- (1)約2%(w/v)から約40%(w/v)の透過性凍結保護剤、
(2)約0.1Mから約1Mの糖類、および
(3)約1%(w/v)から約10%(w/v)の巨大分子
を含み、
%(w/v)の単位およびMの単位が、凍結保存組成物の総体積に基づく、
凍結保存組成物。 - 前記透過性凍結保護剤が、グリセロール、ポリエチレングリコール、またはそれらの組合せを含む、請求項1に記載の凍結保存組成物。
- 前記糖類が、スクロース、ソルビトール、グルコース、フルクトース、ガラクトース、トレハロース、マンノース、マルトース、またはそれらの組合せを含む、請求項1に記載の凍結保存組成物。
- 前記糖類が、スクロース、トレハロース、またはそれらの組合せを含む、請求項1に記載の凍結保存組成物。
- 前記巨大分子が、約65kDaから約200kDaに及ぶ分子量を有する、請求項1に記載の凍結保存組成物。
- 前記巨大分子が、アルブミン、ゼラチン、またはそれらの組合せを含む、請求項1に記載の凍結保存組成物。
- 実質的にDMSOを含まない、請求項1に記載の凍結保存組成物。
- アミノ酸、サイトカイン、脂質、成長因子、抗生物剤、抗真菌剤、ステロイドホルモン、タンパク質ホルモン、またはそれらの組合せをさらに含む、請求項1に記載の凍結保存組成物。
- 1つまたは複数の細胞をさらに含む、請求項1に記載の凍結保存組成物。
- 凍結保存状態にある、請求項9に記載の凍結保存組成物。
- 前記細胞が、約105細胞個/mLから約107細胞個/mLまでに及ぶ濃度で存在する、請求項9に記載の凍結保存組成物。
- (1)約2%(w/v)から約20%(w/v)の透過性凍結保護剤、
(2)約0.1Mから約0.5Mの糖類、および
(3)約1%(w/v)から約5%(w/v)の巨大分子
を含む、請求項1に記載の凍結保存組成物。 - 1つまたは複数の細胞をさらに含む、請求項12に記載の凍結保存組成物。
- 凍結保存状態にある、請求項13に記載の凍結保存組成物。
- 前記細胞が、約105細胞個/mLから約107細胞個/mLまでに及ぶ濃度で存在する、請求項12に記載の凍結保存組成物。
- (a)1つまたは複数の細胞を凍結保存組成物と混合して、混合物を形成するステップ、および
(b)前記混合物を凍結するステップ
を含み、
前記凍結保存組成物が、
(1)2から40%(w/v)の透過性凍結保護剤、
(2)0.1から1Mの糖類、および
(3)1から10%(w/v)の巨大分子
を含む、1つまたは複数の細胞を凍結保存するための方法。 - 前記細胞が哺乳類細胞である、請求項16に記載の方法。
- 前記細胞が、ヒト、ブタ、イヌ、ウマ、またはウシの細胞である、請求項16に記載の方法。
- 前記細胞が腫瘍細胞を含む、請求項16に記載の方法。
- 前記細胞が線維芽細胞を含む、請求項16に記載の方法。
- 前記細胞が幹細胞を含む、請求項16に記載の方法。
- 前記混合物が、約-70℃から約-200℃に及ぶ温度で凍結される、請求項16に記載の方法。
- 前記細胞が、前記混合物中に約105細胞個/mLから約107細胞個/mLまでに及ぶ濃度で存在する、請求項16に記載の方法。
- 前記凍結保存組成物が、実質的にDMSOを含まない、請求項16に記載の方法。
- 前記凍結混合物を解凍するステップ(c)をさらに含む、請求項16に記載の方法。
- 前記細胞が、少なくとも70%の解凍後生存能を有する、請求項25に記載の方法。
- 前記細胞が、少なくとも80%の解凍後生存能を有する、請求項25に記載の方法。
- 請求項1〜15のいずれかに記載の凍結保存組成物を含むキット。
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