JP2014505363A - マイクロ波プラズマを用いた薄膜堆積 - Google Patents
マイクロ波プラズマを用いた薄膜堆積 Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000427 thin-film deposition Methods 0.000 title description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 154
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 73
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- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 150
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 229910052581 Si3N4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 19
- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000012159 carrier gas Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000000259 microwave plasma-assisted chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N arsenic atom Chemical compound [As] RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrazine Chemical compound NN OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silane Chemical compound [SiH4] BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- ABTOQLMXBSRXSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon tetrafluoride Chemical compound F[Si](F)(F)F ABTOQLMXBSRXSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- VXEGSRKPIUDPQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-[4-(4-methoxyphenyl)piperazin-1-yl]aniline Chemical compound C1=CC(OC)=CC=C1N1CCN(C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)CC1 VXEGSRKPIUDPQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910003902 SiCl 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- PZPGRFITIJYNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N disilane Chemical compound [SiH3][SiH3] PZPGRFITIJYNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000077 silane Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052990 silicon hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000005049 silicon tetrachloride Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- BUMGIEFFCMBQDG-UHFFFAOYSA-N dichlorosilicon Chemical compound Cl[Si]Cl BUMGIEFFCMBQDG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005137 deposition process Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 28
- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 14
- 238000000623 plasma-assisted chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 10
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012713 reactive precursor Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910021417 amorphous silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910021424 microcrystalline silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005268 plasma chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 2
- LIVNPJMFVYWSIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon monoxide Chemical compound [Si-]#[O+] LIVNPJMFVYWSIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002230 thermal chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000577 Silicon-germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- LEVVHYCKPQWKOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Si].[Ge] Chemical compound [Si].[Ge] LEVVHYCKPQWKOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- MROCJMGDEKINLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N dichlorosilane Chemical compound Cl[SiH2]Cl MROCJMGDEKINLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003989 dielectric material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010494 dissociation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005593 dissociations Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 239000012777 electrically insulating material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052732 germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N germanium atom Chemical compound [Ge] GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005468 ion implantation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011031 large-scale manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021420 polycrystalline silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001771 vacuum deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000012431 wafers Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02104—Forming layers
- H01L21/02365—Forming inorganic semiconducting materials on a substrate
- H01L21/02612—Formation types
- H01L21/02617—Deposition types
- H01L21/0262—Reduction or decomposition of gaseous compounds, e.g. CVD
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- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
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- C23C16/30—Deposition of compounds, mixtures or solid solutions, e.g. borides, carbides, nitrides
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Abstract
Description
本発明の実施形態は、概して、改善されたマイクロ波援用CVDチャンバを用いたケイ素含有誘電体層用の堆積プロセスに関する。
集積回路の製造においては、化学蒸着(CVD)プロセスは、しばしば様々な材料層の堆積やエッチングのために使用される。一般的なCVD技術の例としては、熱CVD、低圧CVD(LPCVD)、プラズマCVD(PECVD)、マイクロ波プラズマCVD、大気圧CVDなどが挙げられる。従来の熱CVDプロセスは、所望の層を生成するために熱誘導化学反応が起こる基板表面に反応性化合物を供給する。プラズマ強化化学蒸着(PECVD)プロセスは、反応性化合物の解離を増加させるために堆積チャンバに結合された電源(例えば、高周波(RF)電力又はマイクロ波電力)を用いる。したがって、PECVDプロセスは、類似の熱プロセスに要求される基板温度よりも低い基板温度(例えば、約75℃〜650℃)における良質な材料の急速な成長に対して、大量生産可能であり、費用対効果の高い方法である。これは、熱量の要求が厳しいプロセスに有利である。
図1Aは、本発明の一実施形態に係る同軸マイクロ波プラズマ援用CVDチャンバ100の概略断面図である。処理チャンバ100は、処理チャンバ100から基板102を取り除くことなく、基板102上に1以上の膜を堆積できるように構成される。以下の説明では、マイクロ波プラズマ援用CVDチャンバ、特にマイクロ波源及びガス送出源が水平堆積プロセス用の水平に位置した基板サセプタの上方に配置されている横型のチャンバを参照してなされているが、本発明はマイクロ波線源が処理チャンバのチャンバ壁に垂直に取り付けられている縦型の堆積チャンバ、及び垂直構成に基板を支持するための垂直に位置する基板サセプタに応用可能であることを理解すべきである。本発明から利益を得るように利用可能な縦型の堆積チャンバの実施形態が、例えば、「DYNAMIC VERTICAL MICROWAVE DEPOSITION OF DIELECTRIC LAYERS(誘電体層の動的垂直マイクロ波堆積)」と題される米国特許第12/833,571号に記載されており、参照により本明細書に組み込まれる。本発明は、他のメーカーによって作られたチャンバ及び他のプラズマ援用プロセス(例えば、エッチング、イオン注入、表面処理等)を含む他の処理チャンバにも等しく適用可能である。また、図面及びその説明は単なる例示であり、単一の実施形態に記載された任意の個々のハードウェア構成は明細書に記載されている他の実施形態のいずれとも組み合わせることができることに留意すべきである。
図4は、図1A及び図2A〜2Dに関連して上述したような本発明のマイクロ波プラズマ援用CVDチャンバを用いて基板上にケイ素含有膜を形成するために使用可能な処理シーケンス400のフロー図を提供する。本明細書に記載された本発明の基本的な範囲から逸脱することなく、1以上のステップを追加、削除、又は並べ替えることができるので、処理シーケンス400内の構成、処理ステップ数、及び処理ステップの順序は、本明細書に記載された発明の範囲を限定することを意図していないことに留意すべきである。また、以下の説明は、窒化ケイ素(SiN)を参照して行われているが、その他のケイ素含有層(例えば、シリコン、二酸化ケイ素、炭化ケイ素、オキシ炭化ケイ素、水素化ケイ素、フッ化ケイ素、ホウ素又はリン又はヒ素をドープしたシリコン、ホウ素又はリン又はヒ素をドープした炭化ケイ素、ホウ素又はリン又はヒ素をドープした酸化ケイ素など)も想定されることを当業者は理解すべきである。後述するような化学薬品及び処理パラメータは、堆積される層に応じてその結果変更/調整することができる。しかしながら、本発明のプロセスは、バッチ処理サイクルにおいて単一の基板又は複数の基板を処理できることが証明されている。
Claims (20)
- 基板上にケイ素含有層を堆積させる方法であって、
マイクロ波源及びガス送出源が処理容積内に配置された処理チャンバの処理容積内に基板をロードする工程と、
ガス送出源から処理容積内に処理ガスを流す工程と、
マイクロ波源に結合されたアンテナにマイクロ波電力を印加することによって、処理容積内の処理ガスからプラズマを生成する工程と、
約1GHz〜約10GHzの周波数で、約500ミリワット/cm2〜約5,000ミリワット/cm2のマイクロ波電力を用いて、プラズマの存在下で基板上にケイ素含有層を堆積する工程であって、堆積中に基板は摂氏約200度未満の温度に維持される工程を含む方法。 - 基板上にケイ素含有層を堆積させる工程が、約50ミリトール〜約250ミリトールのチャンバ圧力でケイ素含有層を堆積する工程を含む請求項1記載の方法。
- 処理ガスは、シラン(SiH4)、ジシラン(Si2H6)、四フッ化ケイ素(SiF4)、四塩化ケイ素(SiCl4)、ジクロロシラン(SiH2Cl2)、及びこれらの組み合わせからなる群から選択されるケイ素含有前駆体と、窒素(N2)、アンモニア(NH3)、ヒドラジン(N2H4)、及びこれらの混合物からなる群から選択される窒素含有前駆体を含む請求項1記載の方法。
- 処理ガスは更に、アルゴン(Ar)、水素(H2)、ヘリウム(He)、これらの誘導体、及びこれらの組み合わせからなる群から選択されるキャリアガスを含む請求項3記載の方法。
- ガス送出源に処理ガスを流す工程は、SiH4のArに対するガス流量比(SiH4:Ar)が約1:5〜約1:10でSiH4及びArを供給する工程を含む請求項4記載の方法。
- ガス送出源に処理ガスを流す工程は、SiH4のNH3に対するガス流量比(SiH4:NH3)が約1:1〜約1:10でSiH4及びNH3を供給する工程を含む請求項3記載の方法。
- ガス送出源に処理ガスを流す工程は、NH3のArに対するガス流量比(NH3:Ar)が約1:2〜約1:5でNH3及びArを供給する工程を含む請求項4記載の方法。
- マイクロ波源は、平行に配置され、長手方向に約180mm〜約350mmの間の距離で互いに離間している1以上のリニアマイクロ波発生器を含む請求項1記載の方法。
- ガス送出源は、平行に配置され、長手方向に約50mm〜約200mmの間の距離で互いに離間しているガス送出ラインのアレイを含む請求項8記載の方法。
- ガス送出源は、マイクロ波源と基板との間に配置され、1以上のリニアマイクロ波発生器は、ガス送出ラインと平行な関係に配置される請求項9記載の方法。
- 基板上にケイ素含有層を堆積させるためのマイクロ波プラズマ援用CVDプロセスであって、
基板サセプタに平行な関係に配置されるマイクロ波源及びガス送出源を含む処理チャンバ内に基板をロードする工程であって、マイクロ波源は互いに平行な同一平面上にある関係で配置された1以上のリニアマイクロ波発生器を有し、ガス送出源は処理チャンバの処理容積内に配置され、互いに平行な同一平面上にある関係で配置されたガス送出ラインのアレイを有する工程と、
処理容積内にガス送出源から前駆体ガスを流す工程と、
マイクロ波電力をマイクロ波源内へ変調することによって、前駆体ガスからプラズマを発生させる工程と、
基板サセプタ上に載置された基板の略全面に向かってガス送出源から均一に前駆体ガスを分配する工程と、
約1GHz〜約10GHzの周波数で、約500ミリワット/cm2〜約5,000ミリワット/cm2のマイクロ波電力を用いて、プラズマの存在下で基板上にケイ素含有層を堆積する工程であって、堆積中に基板は摂氏約200度未満の温度に維持される工程を含むプロセス。 - ケイ素含有層は、ケイ素、窒化ケイ素、二酸化ケイ素、炭化ケイ素、オキシ炭化ケイ素、水素化ケイ素、フッ化ケイ素、ホウ素又はリン又はヒ素をドープしたケイ素、ホウ素又はリン又はヒ素をドープした炭化ケイ素、及びホウ素又はリン又はヒ素をドープした酸化ケイ素から成る群から選択される材料を含む請求項11記載のプロセス。
- 基板上にケイ素含有層を堆積する工程は、約50ミリトール〜約250ミリトールのチャンバ圧力でケイ素含有層を堆積する工程を含む請求項11記載のプロセス。
- ガス送出源に前駆体ガスを流す工程は、約1:5〜約1:10の間のケイ素含有前駆体のキャリアガスに対するガス流量比でケイ素含有前駆体及びキャリアガスを流す工程を含む請求項13記載のプロセス。
- ガス送出源に前駆体ガスを流す工程は、約1:1〜約1:10の間のケイ素含有前駆体の窒素含有前駆体に対するガス流量比でケイ素含有前駆体及び窒素含有前駆体を流す工程を含む請求項13記載のプロセス。
- 1以上のリニアマイクロ波発生器が長手方向に約180mm〜約350mmの間の距離で互いに離間しており、ガス送出ラインのアレイが長手方向に約50mm〜約200mmの間の距離で互いに離間している請求項11記載のプロセス。
- ガス送出源は、マイクロ波源と基板との間に配置されている請求項11記載のプロセス。
- 処理チャンバ内に配置されたマイクロ波源に結合されたアンテナにマイクロ波電力を印加する工程であって、マイクロ波源は基板の略全面をカバーするガス分配カバレージを提供するように構成されたガス送出源の相対的に上方に配置されている工程と、
ガス送出源によって供給される処理ガスから生成したマイクロ波プラズマに基板を曝露して、摂氏約200℃未満の温度で基板上にケイ素含有層を堆積する工程を含む、処理チャンバ内で基板を処理する方法。 - マイクロ波プラズマは、約1GHz〜約10GHzの周波数で、約500ミリワット/cm2〜約5,000ミリワット/cm2のマイクロ波電力を用いる請求項18記載の方法。
- 処理ガスは、ケイ素含有前駆体及びキャリアガスを含み、ケイ素含有前駆体及びキャリアガスは、約1:5〜約1:10の間のケイ素含有前駆体のキャリアガスに対するガス流量比でガス送出源に導入される請求項18記載のプロセス。
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Also Published As
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TW201243094A (en) | 2012-11-01 |
WO2012092020A2 (en) | 2012-07-05 |
US8883269B2 (en) | 2014-11-11 |
CN103270578B (zh) | 2016-10-26 |
KR101563541B1 (ko) | 2015-10-27 |
WO2012092020A3 (en) | 2012-10-26 |
KR20140018861A (ko) | 2014-02-13 |
JP6104817B2 (ja) | 2017-03-29 |
US20120171391A1 (en) | 2012-07-05 |
CN103270578A (zh) | 2013-08-28 |
TWI553146B (zh) | 2016-10-11 |
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