JP2013034467A - やわらか食材の製造方法及びその食品 - Google Patents
やわらか食材の製造方法及びその食品 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
【解決手段】食材表面層に付着または付着させた分解酵素を、冷凍庫での冷凍による氷結晶生成させ、溶質移動の原理を利用して、食材内部に分解酵素を移動させ、食材の組織全体に酵素反応を行なわせることで、食材の元の形状を保持したまま硬さ調節や食感改良、呈味性の改良、カロリー強化を行なう技術に関する。本発明は、食品の食感を変えることが可能で硬い食材を食べやすく加工することが可能となる。また、元の食材形状は変らないので、見た目のおいしさを損なわず、高齢者や要介護者にも食べやすい食品を提供できることが可能となる。
【選択図】なし
Description
本発明は、普通の食事と変わらない見た目の介護食を提供することができる技術で、食のバリアフリー化をもたらす。しかも,これまでの形状保持軟化食材の製造方法と異なり、必要な装置は冷凍庫のみで、その他特別な加工機械や調理器械を必要としないため、食品製造業のみならず、病院・介護施設の厨房、レストラン、家庭でも安価かつ簡単に加工や調理することができる。その結果、咀嚼困難者や嚥下困難者にとって食欲増進効果が高く、購入または調理加工しやすくなるため、社会的貢献度においても高い効果を有する。
Claims (6)
- 生または65℃以上で加熱処理した食材の塊の内部に酵素剤または酵素液を均一に導入し、食材内部での酵素反応を利用して、元の食材の形状を保持したまま食材の食感や呈味性を改良した食品の製造方法であって、酵素剤または酵素液の導入方法として、食材表面から食材内部に向けて徐々に氷結晶を生成させ、氷結晶生成に伴う酵素剤または酵素液の溶質移動を利用して食材の中心部まで酵素を導入することを特徴とする形状保持軟らか食材または食品の製造方法。
- 酵素剤または0.01質量%〜3質量%の酵素液を、食材の塊の表面層に付着させ、その後食材を表面から中心部まで順に緩やかな冷凍速度で食材の氷点下まで冷却し冷凍する。この時食品表面から素材内部に向けて順に生成する氷結晶を利用して酵素剤または酵素液を浸透させた後、−5℃〜60℃の温度で加温を行うことにより、食材内部で酵素反応を行なわせる[請求項1]記載の食材または食品の製造方法。
- 請求項1記載の酵素液として、炭水化物、タンパク質、脂質のいずれかの基質を分解する酵素活性を含む酵素液を使用することで、食材の元の形状を保持したまま食材の硬さを調節することを特徴とする食材または食品の製造方法。
- 有機酸及びその塩を用いてpH3〜pH10の範囲に調整し、食塩、アミノ酸、油脂、増粘剤、ビタミンやミネラルなどの栄養成分のいずれかまたは2種類以上を含む酵素液を使用することを特徴とする請求項1記載の食材または食品の製造方法。
- 食材と酵素剤または酵素液を軟包装材中に収納して、冷凍することで衛生的に食材表面から食材内部に向けて氷結晶を生成させることを特徴とする請求項1記載の食材または食品の製造方法。
- 請求項1記載の食材または食品の製造方法により得られる形状保持やわらか食材を80℃以上で1分以上加熱処理して酵素失活を行い、そのまま食事に供する食品または形状保持やわらか食材を乾燥、レトルトまたは冷凍した食品。
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