JP2009010338A - オキソカーボン化合物、擬似オキソカーボン化合物、及びラジアレン化合物、並びにこれらの利用方法 - Google Patents
オキソカーボン化合物、擬似オキソカーボン化合物、及びラジアレン化合物、並びにこれらの利用方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2009010338A JP2009010338A JP2008117345A JP2008117345A JP2009010338A JP 2009010338 A JP2009010338 A JP 2009010338A JP 2008117345 A JP2008117345 A JP 2008117345A JP 2008117345 A JP2008117345 A JP 2008117345A JP 2009010338 A JP2009010338 A JP 2009010338A
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- compound
- oxocarbon
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- cor
- alkyl
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- PXLYGWXKAVCTPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,3,4,5,6-hexamethylidenecyclohexane Chemical class C=C1C(=C)C(=C)C(=C)C(=C)C1=C PXLYGWXKAVCTPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 239000002019 doping agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- -1 oxocarbon compound Chemical class 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 21
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical class [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000006615 aromatic heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000003367 polycyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenyl Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004305 biphenyl Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000010290 biphenyl Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005669 field effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000005842 heteroatom Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001072 heteroaryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims 11
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 8
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 claims 8
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 7
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 6
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims 5
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 claims 5
- 125000005010 perfluoroalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims 5
- 150000005347 biaryls Chemical group 0.000 claims 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 3
- JYEUMXHLPRZUAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,3-triazine Chemical compound C1=CN=NN=C1 JYEUMXHLPRZUAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- WCPAKWJPBJAGKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxadiazole Chemical compound C1=CON=N1 WCPAKWJPBJAGKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 125000004076 pyridyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims 2
- 125000000714 pyrimidinyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims 2
- 125000005036 alkoxyphenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003302 ferromagnetic material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 17
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 17
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 14
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000007983 Tris buffer Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- IEQIEDJGQAUEQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalocyanine Chemical compound N1C(N=C2C3=CC=CC=C3C(N=C3C4=CC=CC=C4C(=N4)N3)=N2)=C(C=CC=C2)C2=C1N=C1C2=CC=CC=C2C4=N1 IEQIEDJGQAUEQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethoxyethane Chemical compound COCCOC XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000005525 hole transport Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000005457 ice water Substances 0.000 description 6
- 150000004032 porphyrins Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 6
- BLZOHTXDDOAASQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,3,3-tetrachlorocyclopropene Chemical compound ClC1=C(Cl)C1(Cl)Cl BLZOHTXDDOAASQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 5
- PCCVSPMFGIFTHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetracyanoquinodimethane Chemical compound N#CC(C#N)=C1C=CC(=C(C#N)C#N)C=C1 PCCVSPMFGIFTHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- HFACYLZERDEVSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzidine Chemical class C1=CC(N)=CC=C1C1=CC=C(N)C=C1 HFACYLZERDEVSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
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- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 4
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- UUZLADCDKJUECN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(cyanomethyl)-2,3,5,6-tetrafluorobenzonitrile Chemical compound FC1=C(F)C(C#N)=C(F)C(F)=C1CC#N UUZLADCDKJUECN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WFDIJRYMOXRFFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic anhydride Chemical compound CC(=O)OC(C)=O WFDIJRYMOXRFFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 241000284156 Clerodendrum quadriloculare Species 0.000 description 3
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N imidazole Natural products C1=CNC=N1 RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000004768 lowest unoccupied molecular orbital Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 3
- GSMUOFYVMIBBMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,3,4-tetramethylidenecyclobutane Chemical class C=C1C(=C)C(=C)C1=C GSMUOFYVMIBBMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UPWZWQGQRNPKTE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,3-trimethylidenecyclopropane Chemical class C=C1C(=C)C1=C UPWZWQGQRNPKTE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IYZMXHQDXZKNCY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-n,1-n-diphenyl-4-n,4-n-bis[4-(n-phenylanilino)phenyl]benzene-1,4-diamine Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1N(C=1C=CC(=CC=1)N(C=1C=CC(=CC=1)N(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C=1C=CC=CC=1)C=1C=CC(=CC=1)N(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 IYZMXHQDXZKNCY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZLFMSZWJQSGGBH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2,3-bis(3,5-ditert-butyl-4-oxocyclohexa-2,5-dien-1-ylidene)cyclopropylidene]propanedinitrile Chemical compound C1=C(C(C)(C)C)C(=O)C(C(C)(C)C)=CC1=C(C1=C(C#N)C#N)C1=C1C=C(C(C)(C)C)C(=O)C(C(C)(C)C)=C1 ZLFMSZWJQSGGBH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HDEQIDAPVZZSKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2-[2,3-bis(3,5-ditert-butyl-4-oxocyclohexa-2,5-dien-1-ylidene)cyclopropylidene]-3-(dicyanomethylidene)inden-1-ylidene]propanedinitrile Chemical compound C1=C(C(C)(C)C)C(=O)C(C(C)(C)C)=CC1=C(C1=C2C(C3=CC=CC=C3C2=C(C#N)C#N)=C(C#N)C#N)C1=C1C=C(C(C)(C)C)C(=O)C(C(C)(C)C)=C1 HDEQIDAPVZZSKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PLIKAWJENQZMHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-aminophenol Chemical compound NC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 PLIKAWJENQZMHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Furan Chemical compound C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SIKJAQJRHWYJAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Indole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2NC=CC2=C1 SIKJAQJRHWYJAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KYQCOXFCLRTKLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyrazine Chemical compound C1=CN=CC=N1 KYQCOXFCLRTKLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- SMWDFEZZVXVKRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Quinoline Chemical compound N1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 SMWDFEZZVXVKRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 229960000583 acetic acid Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000002800 charge carrier Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 2
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- AWJUIBRHMBBTKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N isoquinoline Chemical compound C1=NC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 AWJUIBRHMBBTKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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- NFHFRUOZVGFOOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N palladium;triphenylphosphane Chemical compound [Pd].C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 NFHFRUOZVGFOOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 125000005259 triarylamine group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- RVBXYBDJWKWCLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,3,4,5-pentamethylidenecyclopentane Chemical class C=C1C(=C)C(=C)C(=C)C1=C RVBXYBDJWKWCLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000005208 1,4-dihydroxybenzenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- CBCKQZAAMUWICA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-phenylenediamine Chemical compound NC1=CC=C(N)C=C1 CBCKQZAAMUWICA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- HBZYYOYCJQHAEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[3-(dicyanomethylidene)inden-1-ylidene]propanedinitrile Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=C(C#N)C#N)CC(=C(C#N)C#N)C2=C1 HBZYYOYCJQHAEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VCDRAONLIPOEFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-n-[4-(4-anilinoanilino)phenyl]benzene-1,4-diamine Chemical compound C1=CC(N)=CC=C1NC(C=C1)=CC=C1NC(C=C1)=CC=C1NC1=CC=CC=C1 VCDRAONLIPOEFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- RZFWWLNWDFXPQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N N#Cc(cc1)ccc1C(c(cc1)ccc1C#N)=C(C1=C(c(cc2)ccc2C#N)c(cc2)ccc2C#N)C1=C(c(cc1)ccc1C#N)c(cc1)ccc1C#N Chemical compound N#Cc(cc1)ccc1C(c(cc1)ccc1C#N)=C(C1=C(c(cc2)ccc2C#N)c(cc2)ccc2C#N)C1=C(c(cc1)ccc1C#N)c(cc1)ccc1C#N RZFWWLNWDFXPQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LQPPLPXDUOLKHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N O=C1C(=CC(C=C1C(C)(C)C)C1=C(C1=O)C1C=C(C(C(=C1)C(C)(C)C)=O)C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C.C(#N)C(=C1C(C(C2=CC=CC=C12)=C(C#N)C#N)=C1C(C1=C1C=C(C(C(=C1)C(C)(C)C)=O)C(C)(C)C)=C1C=C(C(C(=C1)C(C)(C)C)=O)C(C)(C)C)C#N Chemical compound O=C1C(=CC(C=C1C(C)(C)C)C1=C(C1=O)C1C=C(C(C(=C1)C(C)(C)C)=O)C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C.C(#N)C(=C1C(C(C2=CC=CC=C12)=C(C#N)C#N)=C1C(C1=C1C=C(C(C(=C1)C(C)(C)C)=O)C(C)(C)C)=C1C=C(C(C(=C1)C(C)(C)C)=O)C(C)(C)C)C#N LQPPLPXDUOLKHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 238000005411 Van der Waals force Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003679 aging effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000004279 alanine Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000002723 alicyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
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- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Substances BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NNGAWTZNIYGFMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N c1cnccc1C(c1ccncc1)=C(C1=C(c2ccncc2)c2ccncc2)C1=C(c1ccncc1)c1ccncc1 Chemical compound c1cnccc1C(c1ccncc1)=C(C1=C(c2ccncc2)c2ccncc2)C1=C(c1ccncc1)c1ccncc1 NNGAWTZNIYGFMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- RBSLJAJQOVYTRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N croconic acid Chemical group OC1=C(O)C(=O)C(=O)C1=O RBSLJAJQOVYTRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- ZSWFCLXCOIISFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclopentadiene Chemical class C1C=CC=C1 ZSWFCLXCOIISFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
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- RAABOESOVLLHRU-UHFFFAOYSA-N diazene Chemical compound N=N RAABOESOVLLHRU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000071 diazene Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000006471 dimerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010494 dissociation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005593 dissociations Effects 0.000 description 1
- GUVUOGQBMYCBQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dmpu Chemical compound CN1CCCN(C)C1=O GUVUOGQBMYCBQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 239000012362 glacial acetic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 150000002466 imines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- PZOUSPYUWWUPPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N indole Natural products CC1=CC=CC2=C1C=CN2 PZOUSPYUWWUPPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RKJUIXBNRJVNHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N indolenine Natural products C1=CC=C2CC=NC2=C1 RKJUIXBNRJVNHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000013067 intermediate product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 150000007517 lewis acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 150000007522 mineralic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002808 molecular sieve Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001624 naphthyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000269 nucleophilic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005693 optoelectronics Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004430 oxygen atom Chemical group O* 0.000 description 1
- 229960003742 phenol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000002989 phenols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000276 potassium ferrocyanide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 description 1
- BDJXVNRFAQSMAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N quinhydrone Chemical compound OC1=CC=C(O)C=C1.O=C1C=CC(=O)C=C1 BDJXVNRFAQSMAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940052881 quinhydrone Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000027756 respiratory electron transport chain Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000006413 ring segment Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium aluminosilicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- XOGGUFAVLNCTRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrapotassium;iron(2+);hexacyanide Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[K+].[K+].[Fe+2].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-] XOGGUFAVLNCTRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000005287 vanadyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000003039 volatile agent Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
【解決手段】新たなオキソカーボン類、擬似オキソカーボン類、及びラジアレン類を製造することによるこれらの利用法。
【選択図】なし
Description
最初のオキソカーボン化合物、クロコン酸カリウム(potassium croconate)は、炭酸カリウムと石炭とから1825年にL. Gmelinにより製造された。オキソカーボン、及びこれらのエステル及びハロゲン化物は、脂肪族化合物及び芳香族アミン、芳香族及び複素環式芳香族化合物のような電子リッチ化合物と反応し易い(A.H. Schmidt,Synthesis (1980) 961)。例えば、アリールアセトニトリル類、1,3−ジケトン類、シクロペンタジエン類、マロノジニトリル類、アクセプター置換ジアリールメタン、電子プアなジヘテロアリールメタンのような、ルイス酸、又は強塩基によるCH−酸性化合物の存在下で、テトラクロロシクロプロペンとフェノールとの反応生成物は、上記発明による利用に特に適している。[3]ラジアレンは、酸化が行われた後に得られる(R.West et al. J. Org. Chem. (1975) 40 2295; T.Kazuka, T.Shinji J. Chem. Soc. Chem. Commun.(1994) 519; T.Fukunaga et al. JACS (1976) 98 610.)。
〔実施例]
a)1,3−ビス(ジシアノメチレン)インダン−2−イリデン−ビス(4−オキソ−[3,5−ジ−t−ブチル]−2,5−シクロヘキサジエニリデン)−シクロプロパン
ビス(4−オキソ−[3,5−ジ−t−ブチル]−2,5−シクロヘキサジエニル)−シクロプロペノン4.75gと、1,3−ビス(ジシアノメチレン)−インダン3.5gと、β−アラニン60mgとを、12mLの無水酢酸に溶解させ、攪拌下で一時的に還流するように加熱する。上記混合物は、60mLのトルエンと混合して冷却し、赤茶色(reddish−brown)の結晶固体を吸引により取り除く。上記混合物は、その後、ベンゼン/トルエンで洗浄し、再結晶する(収量:4.6g)。
ペンタフルオロフェニルアセトニトリル4g(20mmol)のグリム10mL溶液を、グリム40mL中のNaH1.6gへ滴下して加え、氷水により冷却する。次に、テトラクロロシクロプロペン0.9のグリム10mL溶液を滴下して加えた。室温で24時間攪拌した後、上記暗い混合物を氷水に加え、CHCl3で抽出する。上記抽出物は、黒色固体をもたらす。上記未精製の中間生成物4gを、50mLのCHCl3に溶解し、この溶液に、2gのK2CO3を含む50mLの水を加える。0.5mLの臭素を、攪拌下で、この濃緑色の2相混合物へ加える。その後、上記相を分離し、上記有機相は、Na2SO4で乾燥させた後に、ロータリーエバポレータを用いて蒸発させる。残存するオレンジ色固体を、適切な溶媒を用いて再結晶する(収率:約70%、FP:182℃)。
グリム10mL中の2,3,5,6−テトラフルオロピリジルアセトニトリル4.75gを、グリム60mL中のLiH0.4gへ滴下して加える。その後、1.1gのテトラクロロシクロプロペンを上記溶液に滴下して加え、一晩攪拌する。上記混合物を氷水に注ぎ、EtOAcで抽出する。乾燥及び蒸発後、4.6g固体が残存する。上記固体2.25gを、AcOH50mLに溶解し、HNO3(65%)5mLを加える。水を、このオレンジ−ブラウン溶液に加え、得られる沈殿物を分離し、水で洗い、乾燥する(収量;1g、Fp.:170℃)。
LiH0.29gを68mLのグリム中に懸濁させ、冷却し、グリム6mL中の2,6−ジクロロ−3,5−ジフルオロ−4−(トリフルオロメチル)フェニル)アセトニトリル)5gを、アルゴン雰囲気下でゆっくりと加える。上記混合物を、室温まで加熱し、テトラクロロシクロプロペン0.8gを滴下し手加え、上記混合物を一晩攪拌する。上記溶液を氷水に注ぎ、得られる沈殿物を分離し、乾燥する(収量:4.7g)。上記生成物3.5gを、氷酢酸に溶解させ、冷却下で、HNO37mLを滴下して加え、その後、水を加え、得られる沈殿物を分離する。上記生成物を、適切な溶媒を利用して再結晶する(収率:72%、Fp.:185℃)。
内部塩(Internal salt):2,3−ビス(シアノ(4−シアノ−2,3,5,6−テトラフルオロフェニル)メチル)−1−トリエチルアミノ)シクロプロプ−2−エン−1−イド
300mLのCH2Cl2中のテトラクロロシクロプロペン5.34gと、2,3,5,6−テトラフルオロ−4−シアノベンジルシアニド13.8gを冷却し、トリエチルアミン17.1gを加える。得られる生成物を攪拌し、室温に加熱する。そして、水を加え、得られる黄色固体を除去し、洗浄し、空気で乾燥する(収率:93%)。
1,2−ビス−トシル−3,4−ビス−ジメチルアミノ−クアドラタット(quadratat)1.2gを、ピリジン20mL中の2,3,5,6−テトラフルオロ−4−シアノ−ベンジルシアニド2.14gと16時間攪拌下で加熱する。上記溶液を濃縮し、氷水の中に加える。その後、EtOAcで抽出する。上記乾燥した抽出物を濃縮することにより、適切な溶媒で再結晶できる上記生成物が得られる(Fp.:>250℃)。
本発明では、OLEDs若しくは有機太陽電池に通常使用されるホール輸送材料HTのような、有機半導体材料用の適切なドーピング剤を説明する。上記半導体材料は、本質的にホールを伝導するものであることが好ましい。下記の事項は、上記発明による、上記オキソカーボンタイプ、及び擬似オキソカーボンタイプのドーピング剤に適用することができる。
上記ドーピングは、具体的には、ドーピング剤に対するマトリックス分子のモル比、若しくはオリゴマーのマトリックス材の場合はドーピング剤に対するマトリックスモノマー数の比が、1:100000、好ましくは1:10000、特に好ましくは1:5〜1:1000、例えば、1:10〜1:100、例えば、約1:50〜1:100若しくは1:25〜1:50となるような方法で行うことができる。
本発明により使用される、ドーピング剤を有する特定のマトリックス材(ここでは、なるべく、ホール−伝導マトリックス材HTとして示す)の上記ドーピングは、以下のプロセスの1つ若しくは組合せにより実現できる。
a)HT源とドーピング剤源と共に、真空下での混合蒸発(mixed evaporation)。
b)HTとドーピング剤の逐次堆積、並びにその後の熱処理によるドーピング剤の内部拡散。
c)ドーピング剤溶液によるHT層のドーピング、並びにその後の熱処理による溶剤の蒸発。
d)ドーピング剤層をHT層の表面に加えることによる、HT層の表面ドーピング。
複数の電子部品、若しくはこれらを含む装置は、特に、層若しくは電線路経路(electrical line paths)の形式で、配置することができる、ドープした有機半導体材料を作り出す上記発明に従って、上記有機化合物を用いて製造することができる。特に、上記発明による上記ドーピング剤は、有機発光ダイオード(OLED)、有機太陽電池、有機ダイオード(特に、高い整流比(例えば、103〜107、好ましくは104〜107又は105〜107)を有するもの)、又は有機電界効果トランジスタを製造することに用いることができる。上記ドープ層の伝導度、及び/又は、ドープした層への接点の電荷担体の注入の向上の度合いは、本発明によるドーピング剤により改善することができる。特に、OLEDsの場合では、上記部品は、PIN構造若しくは逆の構造とすることができ、これらには限定されない。しかしながら、上記発明によるドーピング剤の使用は、上述した有利な典型的な実施形態には限定されない。
上記発明は、少しの典型的な実施形態と共に詳細に説明されるであろう。上記発明に従って使用される上記化合物(具体的には、上記オキソカーボン化合物及び上記擬似オキソカーボン化合物の上述した物質類からの上述した典型的な化合物)は、例えば、OLEDのような、特定の超小型電子部品若しくは光電子部品を構成するために一部に使用される、異なるホール伝導体のためのドーピング剤として後述の方法で使用される。上記ドーピング剤は、上記マトリックスのホール輸送材料と同時に、高真空下(約2×10−4Pa)、高温で、互いに近接して、蒸発させることができる。マトリックス材としての典型的な基材の蒸発速度は、0.2nm/s(密度は、約1.5g/cm3)である。上記ドーピング剤の蒸発速度は、所望のドーピング比に従って、見込まれる同じ密度で、0.001〜0.5nm/sの間で変化し得る。後述の実施例では、電流測定は、ZnPcが電流を実質的に伝導しない条件下で、1Vで、長さ1mm及び幅約0.5mmのドープしたHT材料の電流路上で実行した。
〔実施例1〕
ジシアノメチレンビス(4−オキソ−[3,5−ジ−t−ブチル]−2,5−シクロヘキサジエニリデン)シクロプロパンによるZnPcのドーピング
伝導度:1.5×10−5s/cm
〔実施例2〕
ジシアノメチレンビス(4−オキソ−[3,5−ジ−t−ブチル]−2,5−シクロヘキサジエニリデン)シクロプロパンによるスピロ−TTPのドーピング
伝導度:3.6×10−7s/cm
〔実施例3〕
1,3−ビス(ジシアノメチレン)インダン−2−イリデン−ビス(4−オキソ−[3,5−ジ−t−ブチル]−2,5−シクロヘキサジエニリデン)シクロプロパンによるZnPCのドーピング
伝導度:5.8×10−6s/cm
〔実施例4〕
1,3−ビス(ジシアノメチレン)インダン−2−イリデン−ビス(4−オキソ−[3,5−ジ−t−ブチル]−2,5−シクロヘキサジエニリデン)シクロプロパンによるスピロ−TTPのドーピング
伝導度:5×10−7S/cm
〔実施例5〕
(2E,2’E,2”E)−2,2’,2”−(シクロプロパン−1,2,3−トリイリデン)トリス(2−ペンタフルオロフェニルアセトニトリル10%によるN4,N4’−(ビフェニル−4,4’−ジイル)ビス(N4,N4’,N4’−トリフェニルビフェニル−4,4’−ジアミン)のドーピング
伝導度:3.21×10−6S/cm
〔実施例6〕
(2E,2’E,2”E)−2,2’,2”−シクロプロパン−1,2,3−トリイリデン)トリス(2−ペンタフルオロフェニルアセトニトリル)10%によるスピロ−TTPのドーピング
伝導度:1.89×10−6S/cm
〔実施例7〕
(2E,2’E,2”E)−2,2’,2”−(シクロプロパン−1,2,3−トリイリデン)トリス(2−ペンタフルオロフェニルアセトニトリル)10%による4,4’−ビス(10,11−ジヒドロ−5H−ジベンゾ[b,f]アゼピン−5−イル)ビフェニルのドーピング
伝導度:1.55×10−7S/cm
〔実施例8〕
(2E,2’E,2”E)−2,2’,2”−(シクロプロパン−1,2,3−トリイリデン)トリス(2−[2’,3’,5’,6’−テトラフルオロピリド−4’−イル]アセトニトリル)5%によるスピロ−TTPのドーピング
伝導度:4.35×10−5S/cm
〔実施例9〕
(2E,2’E,2”E)−2,2’,2”−シクロプロパン−1,2,3−トリイリデン)トリス(2−[2’,3’,5’,6’−テトラフルオロピリド−4’−イル]アセトニトリル)5%によるa−NPDのドーピング
伝導度:1.28×10−5S/cm
〔実施例10〕
(N,N’,N”,N’’’−シクロブタン−1,2,3,4−テトライリデン)テトラアニリン5%によるZnPcのドーピング
伝導度:1.3×10−6S/cm
〔実施例11〕
(2E,2’E,2”E,2’’’E)−2,2’,2”,2’’’−(シクロブタン−1,2,3,4−テトライリデン)N,N’,N”,N’’’−シクロブタン−1,2,3,4−テトライリデン)テトラキス(2−パーフルオロフェニル)アセトニトリル)5%によるスピロ−TTPのドーピング
伝導度:3.3×10−5S/cm
上述の記載及び上記請求項において開示した発明の特徴は、その各種実施形態において、上記発明の実現のための任意の組合せることができるであるのと同様に、一つ一つ必須なものとすることができる。
Claims (14)
- 有機半導体マトリックス材のドーピング用の有機ドーピング剤として、ブロッカー層として、電荷注入層として、又は有機半導体自体としての有機メソメリック化合物の利用方法であり、
上記メソメリック化合物は、下記式
Aryl若しくはArは、置換若しくは非置換の芳香族炭化水素若しくはビアリール、任意で、ポリサイクリックであり、
hetarylは、置換若しくは非置換の芳香族ヘテロサイクリック化合物若しくはビヘテロアリールであり、好ましくは電子プアであり、任意で、多核の、又は部分的若しくは完全に水素化若しくはフッ素化したものであり、
R1〜R8は、独立して、水素、ハロゲン、CN、NO2、COR1、アルキル、アルコキシ、アリール、及びヘテロアリールから選択される)
からなる群から選択される)
で表されるオキソカーボン化合物、擬似オキソカーボン化合物、又はラジアレン化合物であることを特徴とする方法。 - Yは、CF3のようなパーフルオロアルキルであることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の方法。
- アリールは、部分的に若しくは完全に水素化若しくはフッ素化されていることを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載の方法。
- hetarylは、ピリジル、ピリミジル、トリアジン、及びオキサジアゾールから選択されることを特徴とする請求項1〜3の何れか1項に記載の方法。
- R1〜R8は、独立して、パーハロゲン化、及び/又は部分的にハロゲン化したアルキル基、特にパーフルオロ化アルキル基から選択されることを特徴とする請求項1〜4の何れか1項に記載の方法。
- 下記式
n=1では、X1〜X5は、それぞれ独立して、請求項1の構造A〜W4に加えて、C(CN)2、(CF3)C(CN)、C(CF3)2、Oから選択され、
Yは、CN、COR1、パーハロゲン化アルキル基、特にパーフルオロアルキルから選択され、
Aryl若しくはArは、置換若しくは非置換の芳香族炭化水素、同様に、ポリサイクリック、及びビアリールから選択され、部分的に若しくは完全に水素化若しくはフッ素化したものであり、
hetaryl及びビヘタリール(bihetaryl)は、置換若しくは非置換の芳香族ヘテロサイクリック化合物から選択され、好ましくは電子プアな化合物であり、同様に、多核の、及び部分的に若しくは完全に水素化若しくはフッ素化した複素環式芳香族化合物であり、
R1〜R8は、独立して、水素、ハロゲン、CN、NO2、COR1、パーハロゲン化及び/又は部分的にハロゲン化したアルキル基、置換及び/又は非置換のアリール基、及びヘテロアリール基であり;
n=2では、X1〜X5は、それぞれ独立して、請求項1の構造A〜W4に加えて、C(CN)2、(CF3)C(CN)、(NO2)C(CN)、C(CF3)2、NCN、O、S、NR1から選択され、
Yは、CN、NO2、COR1、パーハロゲン化アルキル基、特に、CF3以外のパーフルオロアルキルから選択され、
Aryl若しくはArは、置換若しくは非置換の芳香族炭化水素、同様にポリサイクリック、及びビアリールから選択され、部分的若しくは完全に水素化若しくはフッ素化したものであり、
hetarylは、置換若しくは非置換の芳香族ヘテロサイクリック化合物、特に電子プアな化合物から選択され、同様に多核であり、部分的若しくは完全に水素化若しくはフッ素化されており、
R1〜R8は、独立して、水素、ハロゲン、CN、NO2、COR1、アルキル、アルコキシ、好ましくはパーハロゲン化及び/又は部分的にハロゲン化したアルキル、特にパーフッ素化したアルキル、置換及び/又は非置換アリール基及びヘテロアリール基から選択され;
n=3では、X1〜X5は、それぞれ独立して、請求項1の構造A〜W3に加えて、C(CN)2、(CF3)C(CN)、(NO2)C(CN)、C(ハロゲン)2、C(CF3)2、NCN、O、S、NR1から選択され、
Yは、CN、COR1、パーハロゲン化アルキル基、特にパーフルオロアルキルから選択され、
Aryl若しくはArは、置換若しくは非置換の芳香族炭化水素、同様にポリサイクリック、及びビフェニルから選択され、同様に部分的若しくは完全に水素化若しくはフッ素化されており、
hetarylは、置換若しくは非置換の芳香族ヘテロサイクリック化合物、特に電子プアな化合物から選択され、同様に多核であり、同様に部分的若しくは完全に水素化若しくはフッ素化しており、
R1〜R8は、それぞれ独立して、水素、ハロゲン、CN、NO2、COR1、アルキル、アルコキシ、好ましくはパーハロゲン化及び/又は部分的にハロゲン化したアルキル、特にパーフッ素化アルキル、置換及び非置換のアリール基及びヘテロアリール基から選択され;
n=4では、
X1〜X5は、それぞれ独立して、請求項1の構造A〜W3に加えて、C(CN)2、(CF3)C(CN)、(NO2)C(CN)、C(ハロゲン)2、C(CF3)2、NCN、O、S、NR1から選択され、
Yは、CN、COR1、パーハロゲン化アルキル基、特にパーフルオロアルキルから選択され、
Aryl若しくはArは、置換若しくは非置換の芳香族炭化水素から選択され、同様にポリサイクリックであり、同様に部分的若しくは完全に水素化若しくはフッ素化しており、
hetarylは、置換若しくは非置換の芳香族ヘテロサイクリック化合物、特に電子プアな化合物から選択され、同様に多核であり、同様に部分的若しくは完全に水素化若しくはフッ素化されており、
R1〜R8は、独立して、水素、ハロゲン、CN、NO2、COR1、アルキル、アルコキシ、好ましくはパーハロゲン化及び/又は部分的にハロゲン化したアルキル、特にパーフッ素化したアルキル、置換及び非置換のアリール基及びヘテロアリール基から選択され、以下の化合物は除外される。
a)n=1;X1、X2、X3=Bであり、X4=O;R1及びR3=H、及びR2=R4=CH3若しくはC2H5若しくはCH(CH3)2若しくはC(CH3)3;
b)n=1;X1、X2=Bであり、X4=O;X3=C(CN)2若しくはX3=O;R1及びR3=H、及びR2=R4=CH3若しくはC2H5若しくはCH(CH3)2若しくはC(CH3)3;
c)n=1;X1=X2=C(CN)2、C(CN)(COOR)、C(COOR)2、C(COR)2、C(CN)(COR)、C(COR)(COOR)、ここでR=C1〜C6のアルキルである;X3=C(CN)2、(C6H5)C(CN)、(C6H5)C(COR)、(C6H5SO2)C(CN)、ここでR=C1〜C6のアルキルである;
d)n=1;X1=X2=Kであり、X4=O;R1−8=水素;X3=O、C(CN)2、基礎構造Kであり、X4=O及びR1−8=水素;
e)n=1;X1=X2=E及びX4=O及びR1−3,6=H及びR4,5=C(CH3)3;X3=Eであり、X4=O及びR1−3,6=H及びR4,5=C(CH3)3;
f)n=1;X1=X2=X3=NCN;
g)n=1;X1=X2=X3=基礎構造Cであり、X4=C(CN)2;
h)n=1;X1=X2=X3=基礎構造R若しくはT;
i)n=2;X1=X2=X3=R若しくはT;
j)n=2;X1=X3=O若しくはS;X2=C(CN)2若しくは基礎構造R(Ar=フェニルアルキルフェニル、アルコキシフェニル)若しくは基礎構造W4(R1−8=H)若しくは基礎構造B(X4=O及びR1−4=H、アルキル);
k)n=2;X1=X2=X3=基礎構造S、Ar=フェニル、Y=CF3;
l)n=2;X1、X2、X3=Bであり、X4=O;R1及びR3=H及びR2=R4=CH3若しくはC2H5若しくはCH(CH3)2若しくはC(CH3)3;
m)n=3;X1=X2=X3=O若しくはC(CN)2;
n)n=3;X1=X2=X3=基礎構造R若しくはT;
o)n=4;X1=X2=X3=基礎構造R若しくはT)
で表されるオキソカーボン化合物、擬似オキソカーボン化合物、又はラジアレン化合物。 - hetarylが、ピリジル、ピリミジル、トリアジン、及びオキサジアゾールから選択されることを特徴とする請求項6に記載のオキソカーボン化合物、擬似オキソカーボン化合物、及びラジアレン化合物。
- 請求項6又は7に記載の、オキソカーボン化合物、擬似オキソカーボン化合物、及びラジアレン化合物、又はこれらのラジカルアニオン塩、ジアニオン塩、若しくはドナーとの電荷移動錯体の、強磁性体としての利用方法。
- 請求項6又は7に記載の、オキソカーボン化合物、擬似オキソカーボン化合物、及びラジアレン化合物、又はこれらのラジカルアニオン塩、ジアニオン塩、若しくはドナーとの電荷移動錯体の、有機導体としての利用方法。
- 少なくとも1種の有機マトリックス化合物と1種のドーピング剤とを含む有機半導体材料であり、
上記ドーピング剤は、1以上の、請求項1〜5の何れか1項に記載の、オキソカーボン化合物、擬似オキソカーボン化合物、又はラジアレン化合物であることを特徴とする有機半導体材料。 - マトリックス分子に対するドーピング剤のモルドーピング比、及び/又は重合体のマトリックス分子のモノマーユニットに対するドーピング剤の当該ドーピング比が、1:1と1:100,000との間であることを特徴とする請求項10に記載の有機半導体材料。
- 電子的機能的活性領域(electronically functionally active area)を有する電子部品であり、
上記電子的機能的活性領域は、少なくとも1以上の、請求項1〜5の何れか1項に記載の、オキソカーボン化合物、擬似オキソカーボン化合物、又はラジアレン化合物を用いて作り出されることを特徴とする電子部品。 - 上記電子的機能的活性領域は、少なくとも1以上の、請求項1〜5の何れか1項に記載の、オキソカーボン化合物、擬似オキソカーボン化合物、又はラジアレン化合物を用いて、半導体マトリックス材の電子的性質を変化させるための少なくとも1種のドーピング剤よりドープされた有機半導体マトリックス材を含むことを特徴とする請求項11に記載の電子部品。
- 有機発光ダイオード、光電池、有機太陽電池、有機ダイオード、又は有機電界効果トランジスタの形式である請求項11又は12に記載の電子部品。
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JPWO2016092883A1 (ja) * | 2014-12-08 | 2017-04-27 | 株式会社Joled | 表示素子および表示装置ならびに電子機器 |
JP2022117963A (ja) * | 2021-01-30 | 2022-08-12 | 北京夏禾科技有限公司 | 積層有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子 |
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