ES2536194T3 - Métodos y composiciones para producir hidrocarburos - Google Patents
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Abstract
Método de producción de un aldehído graso o alcohol graso, comprendiendo el método (i) producir en una célula huésped un polipéptido que comprende (a) la secuencia de aminoácidos de SEQ ID NO: 66, 70, 74, 76, 78, 80 u 82, en el que el polipéptido tiene actividad reductasa, o (b) una secuencia de aminoácidos que tiene al menos el 70% de identidad con SEQ ID NO: 66, 70, 74, 76, 78, 80 u 82, en el que el polipéptido tiene actividad reductasa, o (c) la secuencia de aminoácidos definida en (b) con una o más sustituciones de aminoácidos conservativas, y (ii) aislar el aldehído graso o alcohol graso de la célula huésped, en el que la célula huésped se modifica genéticamente para expresar el polipéptido.
Description
E09747777
05-05-2015
de Cyanothece sp. PCC7245 (SEQ ID NO: 29), cce_0778 de Cyanothece sp. PCC7245 (SEQ ID NO: 31), YP_323043 de Anabaena variabilis ATCC29413 (Ava_2533) (SEQ ID NO: 33) e YP_170760 de Synechococcus elongatus PCC6301 (syc0050_d) (SEQ ID NO: 35). En la tabla 1 y la figura 38 se enumeran otros genes de biosíntesis de alcanos y alquenos.
5 Los genes de biosíntesis de aldehídos incluyen, por ejemplo, Synpcc7942_1594 de Synechococcus elongatus PCC7942 (SEQ ID NO: 65), sll0209 de Synechocystis sp. PCC6803 (SEQ ID NO: 67), cce_1430 de Cyanothece sp. ATCC51142 (SEQ ID NO: 69), PMM0533 de Prochlorococcus marinus subesp. pastoris cepa CCMP1986 (SEQ ID NO: 71), NP_96091 de Gloeobacter violaceus PCC7421 (gll3145) (SEQ ID NO: 73), ZP_00108837 de Nostoc punctiforme PCC73102 (Npun02004176) (SEQ ID NO: 75), YP_323044 de Anabaena variabilis ATCC29413
10 (Ava2534) (SEQ ID NO: 77), YP_170761 de Synechococcus elongatus PCC6301 (syc0051_d) (SEQ ID NO: 79) y alr5284 de Nostoc sp. PCC 7120 (SEQ ID NO: 81). En la tabla 1 y la figura 39 se enumeran otros genes de biosíntesis de aldehídos.
Usando los métodos descritos en el presente documento, pueden prepararse aldehídos, alcoholes grasos, alcanos, y alquenos usando un o más polipéptidos o genes de biosíntesis de aldehídos, alcanos y/o alquenos descritos en el
15 presente documento, o variantes de los mismos, utilizando células huésped o métodos libres de células.
Tabla 1: Homólogos de genes de biosíntesis de aldehídos y alcanos en genomas de cianobacterias.
- Cianobacteria
- N.º de registro de gen de biosíntesis de alcanos % de ID N.º de registro de gen de biosíntesis de aldehídos % de ID
- Synechococcus elongatus PCC 7942
- YP_400610 100 YP_400611 100
- Synechococcus elongatus PCC 6301
- YP_170760 100 YP_170761 100
- Microcoleus chthonoplastes PCC 7420
- EDX75019 77 EDX74978 70
- Arthrospira maxima CS-328
- EDZ94963 78 EDZ94968 68
- Lyngbya sp. PCC 8106
- ZP_01619575 77 ZP_01619574 69
- Nodularia spumigena CCY9414
- ZP_01628096 77 ZP_01628095 70
- Trichodesmium erythraeum IMS101
- YP_721979 76 YP_721978 69
- Microcystis aeruginosa NIES-843
- YP_001660323 75 YP_001660322 68
- Microcystis aeruginosa PCC 7806
- CAO90780 74 CAO90781 67
- Nostoc sp. PCC 7120
- NP_489323 74 NP_489324 72
- Nostoc azollae 0708
- EEG05692 73 EEG05693 70
- Anabaena variabilis ATCC 29413
- YP_323043 74 YP_323044 73
- Crocosphaera watsonii WH 8501
- ZP_00514700 74 ZP_00516920 67
- Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803
- NP_442147 72 NP_442146 68
- Synechococcus sp. PCC 7335
- EDX86803 73 EDX87870 67
- Cyanothece sp. ATCC 51142
- YP_001802195 73 YP_001802846 67
- Cyanothece sp. CCY0110
- ZP_01728578 72 ZP_01728620 68
- Nostoc punctiforme PCC 73102
- ZP_00108838 72 ZP_00108837 71
- Acarynchloris marina MBIC11017
- YP_001518340 71 YP_001518341 66
- Cyanothece sp. PCC 7425
- YP_002481151 71 YP_002481152 70
- Cyanolhece sp. PCC 8801
- ZP_02941459 70 ZP_02942716 69
- Thermosynechococcus elongatus BP-1
- NP_682103 70 NP_682102 70
- Synechococcus sp. JA-2-3B’a(2-13)
- YP_478639 68 YP_478638 63
- Synechococcus sp.RCC307
- YP_001227842 67 YP_001227841 64
- Synechococcus sp. WH 7803
- YP_001224377 68 YP_001224378 65
- Synechococcus sp. WH 8102
- NP_897829 70 NP_897828 65
- Synechococcus sp. WH 7805
- ZP_01123214 68 ZP_01123215 65
- Synechococcus GOM 3012 tipo A marino no cultivado
- ABD96376 70 ABD96375 65
- Synechococcus sp. JA-3-3Ab
- YP_473897 68 YP_473896 62
- Synechococcus GOM 306 tipo A marino no cultivado
- ABD96328 70 ABD96327 65
- Synechococcus GOM 3M9 tipo A marino no cultivado
- ABD96275 68 ABD96274 65
- Synechococcus sp. CC9311
- YP_731193 63 YP_731192 63
- Synechococcus 5B2 tipo A marino no cultivado
- ABB92250 69 ABB92249 64
- Synechococcus sp. WH 5701
- ZP_01085338 66 ZP_01085337 67
- Gloeobacter violaceus PCC 7421
- NP_926092 63 NP_926091 67
- Synechococcus sp. RS9916
- ZP_01472594 69 ZP_01472595 66
- Synechococcus sp. RS9917
- ZP_01079772 68 ZP_01079773 65
- Synechococcus sp. CC9605
- YP_381055 66 YP_381056 66
- Cyanobium sp. PCC 7001
- EDY39806 64 EDY38361 64
- Prochlorococcus marinus cepa MIT 9303
- YP_001016795 63 YP_001016797 66
- Prochlorococcus marinus cepa MIT9313
- NP_895059 63 NP_895058 65
- Synechococcus sp. CC9902
- YP_377637 66 YP_377636 65
19
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
E09747777
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2 el hidrocarburo principal está en negrita
Los análisis genómicos produjeron dos genes que estaban presentes en las cepas productoras de alcanos. En la tabla 9 se representan los homólogos de estos genes de Synechococcus elongatus PCC7942 y son Synpcc7942_1593 (SEQ ID NO: 1) y Synpcc7942_1594 (SEQ ID NO: 65).
Tabla 9: Genes de cianobacterias productoras de alcanos
- Id del gen objeto
- Etiqueta de locus Registro de Genbank Nombre del gen Longitud COG Pfm InterPro Notas
- 637800026
- Synpcc7942_1593 YP_400610 proteína 231 aa pfam02915 IPR009078 rubreritina de tipo
- hipotética
- IPR003251 ferritina/ribonucleótido
- reductasa
- 637800027
- Synpcc7942_1594 YP_400611 proteína hipotética 341 aa COG5322 pfam00106 IPR000408 IPR016040 IPR002198 deshidrogenasa prevista deshidrogenasa de cadena corta de unión
- a NAD(P)
Ejemplo 2. La deleción de los genes sll0208 y sll0209 en Synechocystis sp. PCC6803 conduce a pérdida de biosíntesis de alcanos
Se delecionaron los genes que codifican para la supuesta descarbonilasa (sll0208; NP_442147) (SEQ ID NO: 3) y la enzima generadora de aldehídos (sll0209; NP_442146) (SEQ ID NO: 67) de Synechocystis sp. PCC6803 tal como sigue. Se amplificó aproximadamente 1 kb de ADN flanqueante en el sentido de 3’ y de 5’ usando el cebador sll0208/9-KO1 (CGCGGATCCCTTGATTCTACTGCGGCGAGT) con el cebador sll0208/9-KO2 (CACGCACCTAGGTTCACACTCCCATGGTATAACAGGGGCGTTGGACTCCTGTG) y el cebador sll0208/9-KO3 (GTTATACCATGGGAGTGTGAACCTAGGTGCGTGGCCGACAGGATAGGGCGTGT) con el cebador sll0208/9-KO4 (CGCGGATCCAACGCATCCTCACTAGTCGGG), respectivamente. Se usaron los productos de PCR en una PCR cruzada con los cebadores sll0208/9-KO1 y sll0208/9-KO4 para amplificar el casete de deleción de aproximadamente 2 kb de sll0208/sll0209, que se clonó en el sitio BamHI del vector de clonación pUC19. Entonces se amplificó un casete de resistencia a kanamicina (aph, KanR) a partir del plásmido pRL27 (Larsen et al., Arch. Microbiol. 178:193 (2002)) usando los cebadores Kan-aph-F (CATGCCATGGAAAGCCACGTTGTGTCTCAAAATCTCTG) y Kan-aph-R (CTAGTCTAGAGCGCTGAGGTCTGCCTCGTGAA), que se cortó luego con NcoIy XbaI y se clonó en los sitios NcoI y AvrII del casete de deleción de sll0208/sll0209, creando un casete de deleción de sll0208/sll0209 con inserción de KanR en pUC19. El vector que contenía el casete, que no se replica en cianobacterias, se transformó en Synechocystis sp. PCC6803 (Zang et al., 2007, J. Microbiol., vol. 45, págs. 241) y se seleccionaron transformantes (por ejemplo, integrantes cromosómicos mediante recombinación homóloga doble) en placas de agar BG-11 que contenían kanamicina 100 µg/ml en un incubador equipado con luz a 30ºC. Las colonas resistentes a kanamicina volvieron a sembrarse en estrías una vez y luego se sometieron a análisis genotípico usando PCR con cebadores de diagnóstico.
Se cultivaron los mutantes de deleción-inserción confirmados en 12 ml de medio BG11 con kanamicina 50 µg/ml durante 4 días a 30ºC en un agitador-incubador equipado con luz. Entonces se centrifugó 1 ml de caldo (1 min a
13.000 g) y se extrajeron los sedimentos celulares con 0,1 ml de metanol. Tras la extracción, se centrifugaron de nuevos las muestras y se sometieron los sobrenadantes a análisis de CG-EM tal como se describe en el ejemplo 1.
Tal como se muestra en la figura 5, las cepas de Synechocystis sp. PCC6803 en las que se delecionaron los genes sll0208 y sll0209 perdieron su capacidad para producir heptadeceno y octadecenal. Este resultado demuestra que los genes sll0208 y sll0209 en Synechocystis sp. PCC6803 y los genes ortólogos en otras cianobacterias (véase la tabla 1) son responsables de la biosíntesis de alcanos y aldehídos grasos en estos microorganismos.
Ejemplo 3. Producción de aldehídos grasos y alcoholes grasos en E. coli a través de la expresión heteróloga del orf1594 de Synechococcus elongatus PCC7942
Se amplificó el ADN genómico que codifica para el orf1594 de Synechococcus elongatus PCC7942 (YP_400611; supuesta enzima generadora de aldehídos) (SEQ ID NO: 65) y se clonó en los sitios NcoIy EcoRI del vector OP-80 (derivado de pCL1920) bajo el control del promotor Ptrc. Se transformó el constructo resultante (“OP80PCC7942_1594”) en E. coli MG1655 y se hicieron crecer las células a 37ºC en medio mínimo M9 con glucosa al 1% (p/v) como fuente de carbono y complementado con espectinomicina 100 µg/ml. Cuando el cultivo alcanzó una DO600 de 0,8-1,0, se indujo con IPTG 1 mM y se hicieron crecer las células durante 18-20 h adicionales a 37ºC. Se extrajeron las células de 0,5 ml de cultivo con 0,5 ml de acetato de etilo. Tras la sonicación durante 60 min, se centrifugó la muestra a 15.000 rpm durante 5 min. Se analizó la capa de disolvente mediante CG-EM tal como se describe en el ejemplo 1.
Tal como se muestra en la figura 6, las células de E. coli transformadas con el vector que portaba orf1594 de Synechococcus elongatus PCC7942 produjeron los siguientes aldehídos grasos y alcoholes grasos: hexadecanal, octadecenal, tetradecenol, hexadecenol, hexadecanol y octadecenol. Este resultado indica que orf1594 de PCC7942
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