EP1045039A1 - Verfahren zur Lederherstellung aus Fischhaut - Google Patents
Verfahren zur Lederherstellung aus Fischhaut Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1045039A1 EP1045039A1 EP99107569A EP99107569A EP1045039A1 EP 1045039 A1 EP1045039 A1 EP 1045039A1 EP 99107569 A EP99107569 A EP 99107569A EP 99107569 A EP99107569 A EP 99107569A EP 1045039 A1 EP1045039 A1 EP 1045039A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- leather
- fish
- fish skin
- skin
- anionic
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000010985 leather Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 61
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 235000005985 organic acids Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 15
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 15
- 229920001864 tannin Polymers 0.000 claims description 15
- 235000018553 tannin Nutrition 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000001648 tannin Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenol group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=C1)O ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920003009 polyurethane dispersion Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 206010040844 Skin exfoliation Diseases 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000035618 desquamation Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium hydroxide Inorganic materials [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000034994 death Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010409 ironing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 208000035404 Autolysis Diseases 0.000 claims description 2
- 206010057248 Cell death Diseases 0.000 claims description 2
- JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl urethane Chemical compound CCOC(N)=O JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000028043 self proteolysis Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004448 titration Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims 5
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims 4
- 125000002485 formyl group Chemical class [H]C(*)=O 0.000 claims 3
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 claims 2
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 235000013824 polyphenols Nutrition 0.000 claims 2
- 208000032107 Rigor Mortis Diseases 0.000 claims 1
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010257 thawing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000029087 digestion Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005238 degreasing Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000019688 fish Nutrition 0.000 description 42
- RASZIXQTZOARSV-BDPUVYQTSA-N astacin Chemical compound CC=1C(=O)C(=O)CC(C)(C)C=1/C=C/C(/C)=C/C=C/C(/C)=C/C=C/C=C(C)C=CC=C(C)C=CC1=C(C)C(=O)C(=O)CC1(C)C RASZIXQTZOARSV-BDPUVYQTSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 7
- 229940088598 enzyme Drugs 0.000 description 6
- 102000034498 Astacin Human genes 0.000 description 5
- 108090000658 Astacin Proteins 0.000 description 5
- FMKGDHLSXFDSOU-BDPUVYQTSA-N Dienon-Astacin Natural products CC(=C/C=C/C=C(C)/C=C/C=C(C)/C=C/C1=C(C)C(=O)C(=CC1(C)C)O)C=CC=C(/C)C=CC2=C(C)C(=O)C(=CC2(C)C)O FMKGDHLSXFDSOU-BDPUVYQTSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 235000003676 astacin Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 5
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 4
- 241000270295 Serpentes Species 0.000 description 4
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000013372 meat Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanoic acid Natural products OC=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 210000001519 tissue Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 229940093915 gynecological organic acid Drugs 0.000 description 3
- OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3-methoxyphenyl)aniline Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)=C1 OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000011468 Albizia julibrissin Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241001070944 Mimosa Species 0.000 description 2
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229960000583 acetic acid Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 206010000496 acne Diseases 0.000 description 2
- GRWVQDDAKZFPFI-UHFFFAOYSA-H chromium(III) sulfate Chemical compound [Cr+3].[Cr+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O GRWVQDDAKZFPFI-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 2
- 238000004040 coloring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002191 fatty alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000019253 formic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000004922 lacquer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 206010033675 panniculitis Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 210000004304 subcutaneous tissue Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 241000972773 Aulopiformes Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000017399 Caesalpinia tinctoria Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000283707 Capra Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000014036 Castanea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241001070941 Castanea Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000252233 Cyprinus carpio Species 0.000 description 1
- ZNZYKNKBJPZETN-WELNAUFTSA-N Dialdehyde 11678 Chemical compound N1C2=CC=CC=C2C2=C1[C@H](C[C@H](/C(=C/O)C(=O)OC)[C@@H](C=C)C=O)NCC2 ZNZYKNKBJPZETN-WELNAUFTSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 description 1
- SXRSQZLOMIGNAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glutaraldehyde Chemical compound O=CCCCC=O SXRSQZLOMIGNAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 108010068370 Glutens Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241000270322 Lepidosauria Species 0.000 description 1
- 102000035195 Peptidases Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108091005804 Peptidases Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 235000017343 Quebracho blanco Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000003152 Rhus chinensis Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000014220 Rhus chinensis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000065615 Schinopsis balansae Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000004280 Sodium formate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000388430 Tara Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000008043 acidic salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001299 aldehydes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Al+3] WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 159000000032 aromatic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- KIZFHUJKFSNWKO-UHFFFAOYSA-M calcium monohydroxide Chemical compound [Ca]O KIZFHUJKFSNWKO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002498 deadly effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001991 dicarboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- ORTYMGHCFWKXHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethadione Chemical compound CCC1(CC)COC(=O)NC1=O ORTYMGHCFWKXHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002255 enzymatic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000021312 gluten Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013067 intermediate product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000003205 muscle Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000012875 nonionic emulsifier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000020477 pH reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010422 painting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000000496 pancreas Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000005554 pickling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000151 polyglycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000010695 polyglycol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000644 propagated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940024999 proteolytic enzymes for treatment of wounds and ulcers Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019515 salmon Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000009958 sewing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HLBBKKJFGFRGMU-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium formate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C=O HLBBKKJFGFRGMU-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 235000019254 sodium formate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000052 vinegar Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000021419 vinegar Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C14—SKINS; HIDES; PELTS; LEATHER
- C14C—CHEMICAL TREATMENT OF HIDES, SKINS OR LEATHER, e.g. TANNING, IMPREGNATING, FINISHING; APPARATUS THEREFOR; COMPOSITIONS FOR TANNING
- C14C1/00—Chemical treatment prior to tanning
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C14—SKINS; HIDES; PELTS; LEATHER
- C14C—CHEMICAL TREATMENT OF HIDES, SKINS OR LEATHER, e.g. TANNING, IMPREGNATING, FINISHING; APPARATUS THEREFOR; COMPOSITIONS FOR TANNING
- C14C11/00—Surface finishing of leather
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C14—SKINS; HIDES; PELTS; LEATHER
- C14C—CHEMICAL TREATMENT OF HIDES, SKINS OR LEATHER, e.g. TANNING, IMPREGNATING, FINISHING; APPARATUS THEREFOR; COMPOSITIONS FOR TANNING
- C14C13/00—Manufacture of special kinds or leather, e.g. vellum
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for producing leather from fish skin.
- the purpose of the invention is the production of a fish leather, in which the natural Preserve structures, species-specific drawings and colors as far as possible stay.
- the fish form the most diverse group of the animal kingdom. There is more than 24,000 species of fish, a large number of which are either commercial fish the waters, namely from the sea, from lakes and rivers, caught or in Ponds are created for consumption. All of these fish species are not legal protected so that no problems with the natural and Animal welfare laws can arise.
- the raw material is currently Fish skin is not used intensively. The skin of the fish is either at the Preparation of food with recycled or disposed of as a waste product.
- the skin of the individual fish species is structured very differently.
- the Scale pattern, scale size, drawings and colors are species-specific. Even if you only get fish leather from all large, useful fish would be an almost inexhaustible, wide range for the fashion industry different leathers with different drawings, different structures and different color variations available. If you count less, but species not protected by law, exclusive leather products can also be found on the Market. Protected and endangered fish species can in relation to the wide variety of unprotected fish species be careful.
- the method according to the invention is intended to protect the natural structures of Fish skin, especially the color and drawing, remain undamaged.
- the method according to the invention is characterized in that fresh or frozen fish skin used in this state, in which after the death of the Fischs has not used any decomposition, and the fish skin with the help of Alcohol washes and degreases, descaled with the help of enzymes, so far present intermediate product with the help of alkaline substances at a temperature skin digestion of no more than 18 ° C and then descaling, it using saline and adding organic acids and tanned from tannins and then faded and mostly with cationic Means greasy.
- the inventive method for the production of fish leather with natural coloring and structure based on a preferred implementation on the production from fresh fish skin or on the preservation of the fish skin in the fresh state with shock freezing process, removal of meat, fat tissue and subcutaneous tissue (fleshing), washing and desquamation with the help of Enzymes and, if necessary, mechanical desquamation, skin disruption with alkaline substances and their removal by washing and so-called descaling, Acidification of the fish skin (pimples or conditioning), tanning and Greasing with a mixture of cationic and anionic greasing agents. It preferably also includes a new type of dressing with which the leather surface is treated so that the scales pockets when processing the Leather, e.g. B. when sewing products, do not solve, so can get up.
- Fresh or frozen and thawed fish skins are e.g. B. with the help of a Meat removal machine such as a meat removal cylinder with a working width of approx. 75 cm of muscle, fat and subcutaneous tissue.
- a Meat removal machine such as a meat removal cylinder with a working width of approx. 75 cm of muscle, fat and subcutaneous tissue.
- meat removal machines in the leather industry consisting of a Pressure roller and a knife roller, the skins must be turned.
- the wash solution is based on the weight of the fish skin from 200 to 300% water, 2 to 3% Supralan 80® (fatty alcohol ethoxylate) and / or 1 to 3% Supralan UF® (BASF AG) (fatty alcohol polyglycol ether) or 2 to 3% Baymol AN® (Bayer AG) (non-ionic emulsifier).
- the temperature should do not exceed 3 ° C. Duration about 30 minutes.
- 100 kg Fish skins correspond to 100%
- 1% of the detergents, tannins, Salt, acids corresponds to 1 kg.
- the fish skin is broken down with the help of the enzymes.
- the duration of the treatment is 20 to 90 minutes depending on the type of fish, e.g. B. Salmon 10 to 45 minutes, carp 20 to 75 minutes.
- the temperature of the Solution should be 33 ° C to 37 ° C and the pH between 7 and 9.
- the Fleet length 200 to 300%.
- Some fish species have mechanical and enzymatic desquamation required. Before the actual tanning, the fish skins are removed with the help of open to alkaline substances. This is done with the help of a pre-washer (1 to 3% NaOH, liquor length 200% to 300%, duration 20 to 180 minutes) and one Post-scrubber (4% CaOH, liquor length 200% to 300%, duration 24 to 120 hours).
- the temperature of the liquor must not exceed 18 ° C in both processes. The preferred temperature is 15 ° C.
- the first method Extensive rinsing with water when the skins are constantly moving.
- Second method treatment with organic acids, such as vinegar or Formic acid, titration in small doses until a pH of 6.0 is stabilized.
- Third method treatment with acidic salts of multivalent aromatic Acids, e.g. B. Decaltal N® (BASF AG), adding in small doses until the pH is stabilized at 6.0. Fleet length 200 to 300%, duration 12 hours, e.g. B. about Night.
- acidic salts of multivalent aromatic Acids e.g. B. Decaltal N® (BASF AG)
- BASF AG Decaltal N®
- the fish skins are pickled for optimal absorption of the tannins (acidified). Before that, the fish skins are soaked in a solution for 15 to 60 minutes, consisting of 200 to 300% water and 60 to 100 g NaCl per liter, (equivalent of at least 6 B). After this time, the solution becomes organic Acids such as formic acid and acetic acid diluted 1:10 are added until a pH the solution from 3.0 to 4.0 is achieved. The pimple time depends on Fish species up to 48 hours.
- the fish skins are ready for the real one Tanning. It consists of the addition of mineral tannins, such as chrome or aluminum solutions, vegetable tanning solutions like Mimosa, Valonea, Chestnut extracts etc., synthetic tanning agents, phenol, aldehyde, resin and Combination tannins.
- mineral tannins such as chrome or aluminum solutions, vegetable tanning solutions like Mimosa, Valonea, Chestnut extracts etc., synthetic tanning agents, phenol, aldehyde, resin and Combination tannins.
- chrome tanning the chemicals are preferably added successively to the pickling liquor, the pH of which is 3.0 to 4.0: 1 to 2% aluminum tanning agent, namely Al 2 0 3 .3H 2 0 aluminum hydroxide, e.g. B. Novaltan AL® (Zschimmer & Schwarz GmbH) or Lutan BN® (BASF AG).
- aluminum tanning agent namely Al 2 0 3 .3H 2 0 aluminum hydroxide
- chromium tanning agent namely Cr0 2 , e.g. B. Chromitan B® (BASF AG) or a chromium sulfate known as Chromosal B® (Bayer AG) and / or 1 to 4% combination tanning agent chromium-syntan, e.g. B. Basyntan CN® (BASF AG).
- 1% Implenal AP® BASF AG
- a mixture of dicarboxylic acid salts is added. The entire tanning process takes 24
- Tanned leather is dulled with the help of 1 to 3% NaHCO 3 (sodium hydrogen carbonate) or 2 to 3% NaHC00 (sodium formate), wilted and left for approx. 12 to 48 hours, e.g. B. overnight on the goat. Afterwards the leather is dulled again to a pH of 3.8 to 4.0, wilted and greased with the help of a hammer grease gun.
- Dried leather is stolled, i.e. softened, and can be used in it Condition can be used immediately. For certain purposes, it will be used after Stollen prepared.
- the first layer - the base layer - is applied that the paint, e.g. B. a mixture of 200 parts of Astacin-Grund UH® (BASF AG), an anionic polyurethane dispersion, + 780 parts water + 20 parts Astacin Finish PUM®, an anionic polyester-polyurethane dispersion, (BASF AG), into the shed pockets.
- the paint is brushed against plotted the direction of the scales, after which the scales pockets in reverse Direction are smoothed again.
- binding layers are e.g. B. a mixture of 100 Parts of Lepton Binder SD®, an acrylic-based copolymer, + 450 parts of water + Corial Grund OHN®, a polyacrylate dispersion + 100 parts Astacin Finish PUM® (BASF AG), an aqueous anionic polyacrylate dispersion.
- the leather is dried and then the dried leather is ironed at a temperature of 50 to 80 ° C. at a pressure of 20 ⁇ 10 6 Pa (200 bar) for 3 to 10 seconds in an ironing press.
- the components of time, pressure and temperature are matched to one another depending on the desired leather quality, with less of one of the components being able to be compensated to a certain extent by more of another of the components. So you can z. B. increase two of these components and decrease one to achieve the same result.
- the optimal values of the components depend on the respective fish.
- the liquor length is 200 to 300%, it contains 30 to 60 g / l sodium chloride and 2% phenol-containing tanning agent, e.g. B. Basyntan N® (BASF AG), in three doses each Added 30 minutes. This is followed by 7% vegetable tanning agent; e.g. B. gives Mimosa a leather dyed pink, quebracho a reddish tinge, sumac an ivory color, Tara a white color, Valonea a brown color.
- the herbal Tannin is added in four doses, two hours in a row.
- the tanning time is about 12 hours, e.g. B. overnight.
- the pH value of the leather is about 4.0 set to 4.5, then slightly rinsed, wilted and further processed, e.g. B. greased, dried, rolled and trimmed.
- mineral-pretanned leather with vegetable substances be retanned.
- leather dulled to a pH of 4.0 to 4.3 implemented in a new fleet with a pH of 4.3 to 4.5.
- the fleet length is 200 to 300%, 30 to 60 g / l sodium chloride are dissolved in this liquor and 7% vegetable tanning agent in four doses of two hours each.
- the tanning time is about 12 hours, e.g. B. overnight, whereupon the leather as described above is processed, e.g. B. greased, dried, rolled and trimmed becomes. This is how gallantry leather is produced.
- the tanning described above represents general parameters, ie Basic tanning, through special controls of the tanning process and the subsequent dressing can be more specific as needed and desired Types of leather are produced.
- the present tanning process e.g. B. upholstery leather, gallantry leather (soft and fine leather), upper shoe leather or clothing leather be generated.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Treatment And Processing Of Natural Fur Or Leather (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims (13)
- Verfahren zur Herstellung von Leder aus Fischhaut,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß man Fischhaut verwendet, in der nach dem Tod des Fischs noch keine Zersetzung eingesetzt hat, unda) die Fischhaut mit Hilfe von Alkoholen wäscht und entfettet,b) sie mit Hilfe von Enzymen entschuppt,c) am insoweit vorliegenden Zwischenprodukt mit Hilfe alkalischer Substanzen bei einer Temperatur von nicht mehr als 18° C einen Hautaufschluß durchführt und es dann entkälkt,d) es unter Anwendung von Kochsalzlösung und unter Zugabe organischer Säuren und von Gerbstoffen gerbt und dann abwelkt und überwiegend mit kationischen Mitteln fettet. - Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß man die frischen, entfleischten Fischhäute durch Schockfrostverfahren im Stadium der Totenstarre unter Verhinderung des Beginns der Autolyse der Fischhautgewebe konserviert und im gefrorenen Zustand auf Vorrat hält, um dann nach späterem Auftauen mit dem Schritt a) zu beginnen.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß man das Waschen und Entfettung der Fischhaut mit 1- bis 3%iger Lösung der Alkohole unter Beseitigung des für die Fischhaut typischen Geruchs durchführt.
- Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß man nach der Entschuppung der Fischhaut mit Hilfe der Enzyme bei Bedarf darauffolgend noch eine mechanische Entschuppung durchführt.
- Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß man den Hautaufschluß mit Hilfe eines Voräschers mit 1- bis 3%iger Lösung von Na0H während 20 bis 180 Minuten und mit einem Nachäscher mit einer 4%igen Lösung von Ca0H während 24 bis 120 Stunden durchführt, wobei die Flottenlänge beider Äscher 200 bis 300 % beträgt und die Temperatur der Lösung vorzugsweise zwischen 14° C und 16° C liegt, und man die Fischhaut mit Wasser wäscht und sie durch Titration mit organischen Säuren auf einen pH-Wert von 6,0 entkälkt.
- Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß man zur Gerbung der Fischhaut die Kochsalzlösung mit einer Flottenlänge von 200 bis 300 % unter Zugabe 60 bis 100 g NaCl = Äquivalent mindestens 6 B anwendet und die organischen Säuren durch Titration auf einen pH-Wert von 3,0 bis 4,0, vorzugsweise von 3,5, zugibt.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß man zum Gerben mineralische, pflanzliche, Phenol-, Harz-, Aldehyd- und Kombinationsgerbstoffe einsetzt.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß man zum Gerben mineralische Lösungen von Chrom- oder Aluminiumgerbstoffen oder von Kombinationsgerbstoffen sowie aldehyde Gerbstoffe zusetzt.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß man das vorgegerbte Leder in eine neue Flotte, bestehend aus phenolischen Weißgerbstoffen, wobei bei Bedarf in die Flotte Aldehyde zugesetzt werden, umsetzt.
- Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß man das abgewelkte Leder mit einem Gemisch aus kationischen und anionischen Mitteln fettet, nämlich vorzugsweise mit einem Gemisch aus 15 %, vom Gewicht des abgewelkten Leders gerechnet, eines kationischen und 5 % eines anionischen Mittels.
- Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß man die Lederoberfläche nach dem Abwelken und Fetten und nach einer Austrocknung und Stollung zurichtet.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß man die Lederoberfläche zum Verhindern, daß die Schuppentaschen bei der nachfolgenden Verarbeitung aufstehen, lackiert und sie dann mit einer Grundschicht, zwei Binderschichten und zwei Deckschichten, bestehend aus wasserlöslichen Lackemulsionen, überzieht und diese Schichten bei einer Temperatur von 50 bis 80° C in einer Bügelpresse zusammenschweißt.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß man auf die Lederoberfläche die Schichten folgendermaßen aufbringt:a) man trägt als die Grundschicht eine wässrige Lösung anionischer Polyarethan-Dispersion und anionischer Polyester-Polyurethan-Dispersion, auf;b) man trägt nach Austrocknen der Grundschicht die beiden Binderschichten, bestehend aus einer Mischung eines Mischpolymers auf Acrylbasis, einer Polyacrylat-Dispersion und einer wässrigen anionischen Polyester-Polyurethan-Dispersion, auf;c) man bügelt nach Austrocknen der beiden Binderschichten das insoweit vorliegende Leder und überzieht es mit den beiden Deckschichten, indem man eine wässrige Lösung anionischer Dispersion eines Acrylpolymeren und Polyesterurethanes mit wässriger anionischer Polyester-Polyurethan-Dispersion aufbringt und mit der Bindeschicht wiederholt durch Bügeln verschweißt.
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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DE59908583T DE59908583D1 (de) | 1999-04-15 | 1999-04-15 | Verfahren zur Lederherstellung aus Fischhaut |
AT99107569T ATE259885T1 (de) | 1999-04-15 | 1999-04-15 | Verfahren zur lederherstellung aus fischhaut |
EP99107569A EP1045039B1 (de) | 1999-04-15 | 1999-04-15 | Verfahren zur Lederherstellung aus Fischhaut |
ES99107569T ES2217642T3 (es) | 1999-04-15 | 1999-04-15 | Procedimiento para la produccion de cuero a partir de piel de pez. |
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EP99107569A EP1045039B1 (de) | 1999-04-15 | 1999-04-15 | Verfahren zur Lederherstellung aus Fischhaut |
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EP1045039A1 true EP1045039A1 (de) | 2000-10-18 |
EP1045039B1 EP1045039B1 (de) | 2004-02-18 |
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EP99107569A Expired - Lifetime EP1045039B1 (de) | 1999-04-15 | 1999-04-15 | Verfahren zur Lederherstellung aus Fischhaut |
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EP (1) | EP1045039B1 (de) |
AT (1) | ATE259885T1 (de) |
DE (1) | DE59908583D1 (de) |
ES (1) | ES2217642T3 (de) |
Cited By (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1605066A1 (de) * | 2004-06-08 | 2005-12-14 | Hann-Kuang Chen | Fischhautleder und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung |
JP2008544016A (ja) * | 2005-06-14 | 2008-12-04 | キム,ヨ−チャン | マグロ皮を用いた皮革生地及びその製造方法 |
CN101130826B (zh) * | 2007-08-17 | 2010-06-02 | 峰安皮业股份有限公司 | 耐刮、防泼水的蜡变皮鞋面料的制造方法 |
CN102199675A (zh) * | 2011-04-12 | 2011-09-28 | 王学川 | 鲟鱼皮的清洁制革生产工艺 |
CN102199676A (zh) * | 2011-04-12 | 2011-09-28 | 王学川 | 鲟鱼皮的铬鞣制革生产工艺 |
CN102943139A (zh) * | 2012-09-25 | 2013-02-27 | 兴业皮革科技股份有限公司 | 醛植-铬结合鞣制打蜡软面革的生产工艺 |
DE102011089853A1 (de) | 2011-12-23 | 2013-06-27 | Möbelfabrik Denkinger Inh. Hans Ulrich Rentschler e.K. | Verfahren zur Kaschierung einer strukturierten Lederhaut auf einer Substratoberfläche |
CN103276118A (zh) * | 2013-05-08 | 2013-09-04 | 陕西科技大学 | 一种两性丙烯酸树脂皮革鞣剂 |
CN104531913A (zh) * | 2015-01-16 | 2015-04-22 | 峰安皮业股份有限公司 | 一种防霉抗菌耐刮面皮的生产方法 |
EP3594367A1 (de) | 2018-07-12 | 2020-01-15 | Casteigt, Jean Marc | Verfahren zum gerben der haut eines räucherlachses, und gegerbte haut eines räucherlachses |
IT202000015334A1 (it) * | 2020-06-25 | 2021-12-25 | Chiorino Tech S P A | Procedimento per il rivestimento di pellami a concia vegetale |
CN116516079A (zh) * | 2023-04-28 | 2023-08-01 | 中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所 | 绿鳍马面鲀鱼皮保鳞制备蓝湿革的方法 |
CN118680296A (zh) * | 2024-08-26 | 2024-09-24 | 浙江衡美健康科技股份有限公司 | 一种增加皮肤弹性、改善肌肤状态的组合物及其制备方法和应用 |
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WO1984003718A1 (en) * | 1983-03-25 | 1984-09-27 | Suner Rego Norberto Omar | Process for tanning fish skins |
US4755186A (en) * | 1985-09-26 | 1988-07-05 | Bernardo von Beck | Process for the preparation of fish skin |
EP0276482A2 (de) * | 1987-01-10 | 1988-08-03 | Bayer Ag | Mischungen aus wässrigen Polymerdispersionen und deren Verwendung als Beschichtungsmasse |
DE4022539A1 (de) * | 1990-07-16 | 1992-01-23 | Henkel Kgaa | Polyurethane fuer die ledergrundierug |
RU2026884C1 (ru) * | 1992-08-28 | 1995-01-20 | Людмила Константиновна Петриченко | Способ получения рыбьих кож |
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- 1999-04-15 AT AT99107569T patent/ATE259885T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1999-04-15 EP EP99107569A patent/EP1045039B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-04-15 ES ES99107569T patent/ES2217642T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-04-15 DE DE59908583T patent/DE59908583D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
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WO1984003718A1 (en) * | 1983-03-25 | 1984-09-27 | Suner Rego Norberto Omar | Process for tanning fish skins |
US4755186A (en) * | 1985-09-26 | 1988-07-05 | Bernardo von Beck | Process for the preparation of fish skin |
EP0276482A2 (de) * | 1987-01-10 | 1988-08-03 | Bayer Ag | Mischungen aus wässrigen Polymerdispersionen und deren Verwendung als Beschichtungsmasse |
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RU2026884C1 (ru) * | 1992-08-28 | 1995-01-20 | Людмила Константиновна Петриченко | Способ получения рыбьих кож |
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Cited By (20)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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EP1605066A1 (de) * | 2004-06-08 | 2005-12-14 | Hann-Kuang Chen | Fischhautleder und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung |
JP2008544016A (ja) * | 2005-06-14 | 2008-12-04 | キム,ヨ−チャン | マグロ皮を用いた皮革生地及びその製造方法 |
CN101130826B (zh) * | 2007-08-17 | 2010-06-02 | 峰安皮业股份有限公司 | 耐刮、防泼水的蜡变皮鞋面料的制造方法 |
CN102199675A (zh) * | 2011-04-12 | 2011-09-28 | 王学川 | 鲟鱼皮的清洁制革生产工艺 |
CN102199676A (zh) * | 2011-04-12 | 2011-09-28 | 王学川 | 鲟鱼皮的铬鞣制革生产工艺 |
CN102199676B (zh) * | 2011-04-12 | 2012-06-20 | 王学川 | 鲟鱼皮的铬鞣制革生产工艺 |
DE102011089853B4 (de) * | 2011-12-23 | 2014-06-05 | Möbelfabrik Denkinger Inh. Hans Ulrich Rentschler e.K. | Verfahren zur Kaschierung einer strukturierten Lederhaut auf einer Substratoberfläche |
DE102011089853A1 (de) | 2011-12-23 | 2013-06-27 | Möbelfabrik Denkinger Inh. Hans Ulrich Rentschler e.K. | Verfahren zur Kaschierung einer strukturierten Lederhaut auf einer Substratoberfläche |
CN102943139A (zh) * | 2012-09-25 | 2013-02-27 | 兴业皮革科技股份有限公司 | 醛植-铬结合鞣制打蜡软面革的生产工艺 |
CN103276118B (zh) * | 2013-05-08 | 2014-10-29 | 陕西科技大学 | 一种两性丙烯酸树脂皮革鞣剂 |
CN103276118A (zh) * | 2013-05-08 | 2013-09-04 | 陕西科技大学 | 一种两性丙烯酸树脂皮革鞣剂 |
CN104531913A (zh) * | 2015-01-16 | 2015-04-22 | 峰安皮业股份有限公司 | 一种防霉抗菌耐刮面皮的生产方法 |
EP3594367A1 (de) | 2018-07-12 | 2020-01-15 | Casteigt, Jean Marc | Verfahren zum gerben der haut eines räucherlachses, und gegerbte haut eines räucherlachses |
FR3083805A1 (fr) | 2018-07-12 | 2020-01-17 | Jean Marc Casteigt | Procede de tannage d'une peau de saumon fumee et peau de saumon fumee tannee |
IT202000015334A1 (it) * | 2020-06-25 | 2021-12-25 | Chiorino Tech S P A | Procedimento per il rivestimento di pellami a concia vegetale |
WO2021260544A1 (en) * | 2020-06-25 | 2021-12-30 | Chiorino Technology S.P.A. | Process for coating vegetable-tanned leathers |
US20230257836A1 (en) * | 2020-06-25 | 2023-08-17 | Chiorino Technology S.P.A. | Process for coating vegetable-tanned leathers |
CN116516079A (zh) * | 2023-04-28 | 2023-08-01 | 中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所 | 绿鳍马面鲀鱼皮保鳞制备蓝湿革的方法 |
CN116516079B (zh) * | 2023-04-28 | 2024-05-10 | 中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所 | 绿鳍马面鲀鱼皮保鳞制备蓝湿革的方法 |
CN118680296A (zh) * | 2024-08-26 | 2024-09-24 | 浙江衡美健康科技股份有限公司 | 一种增加皮肤弹性、改善肌肤状态的组合物及其制备方法和应用 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
ATE259885T1 (de) | 2004-03-15 |
ES2217642T3 (es) | 2004-11-01 |
DE59908583D1 (de) | 2004-03-25 |
EP1045039B1 (de) | 2004-02-18 |
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