EP0009081B1 - Procédé et dispositif de préparation de peaux et de cuirs tannés - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif de préparation de peaux et de cuirs tannés Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0009081B1
EP0009081B1 EP79102366A EP79102366A EP0009081B1 EP 0009081 B1 EP0009081 B1 EP 0009081B1 EP 79102366 A EP79102366 A EP 79102366A EP 79102366 A EP79102366 A EP 79102366A EP 0009081 B1 EP0009081 B1 EP 0009081B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
hide
skin
shooting
piston
liquids
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP79102366A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0009081A1 (fr
Inventor
Peter Schindlmayr
Horst Zäpfel
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
BMD Badische Maschinenfabrik Durlach GmbH
Original Assignee
BMD Badische Maschinenfabrik Durlach GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by BMD Badische Maschinenfabrik Durlach GmbH filed Critical BMD Badische Maschinenfabrik Durlach GmbH
Priority to MX17855979A priority Critical patent/MX150565A/es
Publication of EP0009081A1 publication Critical patent/EP0009081A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0009081B1 publication Critical patent/EP0009081B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C14—SKINS; HIDES; PELTS; LEATHER
    • C14C—CHEMICAL TREATMENT OF HIDES, SKINS OR LEATHER, e.g. TANNING, IMPREGNATING, FINISHING; APPARATUS THEREFOR; COMPOSITIONS FOR TANNING
    • C14C15/00—Apparatus for chemical treatment or washing of hides, skins, or leather

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and a device for producing tanned hides and skins with the following process steps, known as wet processes: soaking (soak, tremper, rinverdire, remojar) of the skin, liming (lime, pelaner, calcinare, encalar) in a strongly alkaline solution, Descaling (delime, dechauler, decalcinare, desencalar) (neutralizing) in acidic solution, pickling (bate, confiter, purgare, rendir), e.g. B.
  • a tanner's wet process takes place in barrel-like containers with multiple circulation and with different exposure times.
  • mechanical machining processes e.g. B. the fleshing, splitting of the leather, etc., which take place on machines. The individual processes are discussed in more detail below:
  • the fresh skins are preserved with salt and reach the tannery in this state.
  • the salt preservation removes tissue water from the skin, which is fed back in the first process in the tannery, the soaking. This happens in very long fleets (float, bain, bagno, bano) of 200 -400%, d. H. 2 to 4 times the weight of the skin is required in water. After softening, the skin has approximately the original water content.
  • the back of the skin is mechanically cleaned of meat residues and subcutaneous connective tissue and then split (split, refendre, spaccare, dividir), d. H. brought to uniform thickness.
  • the skin is then in the form of the nakedness (pelt, With entripe, trippa, piel en tripa).
  • the subsequent process steps for liquors between 30 and 200% take place in the following phases: During descaling, the alkaline skin is neutralized by adding acids and acid salts. The resulting neutral salts are washed out. During the subsequent pickling process, proteolytic enzymes are added to the skin, which further change and break down the protein substance of the skin. Finally, the skin in the pimple is treated with acid and salt and made acidic, which is a prerequisite for chrome tanning.
  • chromium III salts are used, which make the skin, which is perishable by nature, permanently durable, i.e. prevent the formation of bacteria, prevent decay processes, etc.
  • chrome tanning problematic waste water is produced, which is mainly contaminated with chromium III.
  • the chrome tanning is followed by retanning, which gives the skin the final and desired appearance with the help of individual recipes.
  • the skin is greased in succession at a liquor length of 50 to 300% and colored if necessary.
  • greasing the leather is given the necessary suppleness and flexibility.
  • the wastewater that accumulates here is also to a large extent mixed with organic and inorganic substances.
  • the wet processes in the tannery are technically unsatisfactory for several reasons.
  • the skin has to go through several process stages, some of which are carried out in batches with up to 20 tons of skin weight (wet processes), some of which are carried out individually (mechanical process stages).
  • This requires multiple dissolving of the batches, separation and orientation (alignment according to head and shield) of the skins, and is therefore time-consuming and labor-intensive.
  • Large skins can have an area of up to 6 m 2 and weigh up to 100 kg depending on the water content. Since the transport has to be carried out by hand in large areas of the tannery, a correspondingly large number of workers are required. Due to the aggressive chemicals and the organic substances derived from the skin, it is hardly possible to create hygienic working conditions for the staff.
  • the invention has for its object to make a proposal for the wet processes, which brings a reduction in the workforce and an improvement in working conditions.
  • This object is achieved in that the solutions and liquids of one or more of the aforementioned process steps, besides fats, are introduced into the skin by vaccination.
  • the vaccination is preferably carried out at a high pressure of, for example, 50 to over 100 bar.
  • the liquors and the rotating containers are no longer necessary. It is only necessary to inoculate the effectively necessary amount of solutions and liquids into the skin so that considerable costs for the use of operating materials can be saved. Also, the workers are hardly exposed to occupational hygiene risks. Since the vaccination of the skin can be carried out on continuously operating transport devices, manipulation and transport by hand are not necessary. Both water consumption and wastewater tax are significantly reduced. Since the effectiveness of the processes is no longer dependent on the natural penetration of the liquids into the skin, other chemicals can also be used with the aim of improved economy and more favorable usage properties. Finally, the method according to the invention opens up the possibility of treating the skin differently over its width. This is important because the skin in the back area is known to have a completely different structure than in the neck and stomach parts. Because the skin does not have to be churned by circulation processes, the natural fiber structure is preserved and damage to the skin is avoided.
  • the vaccination is carried out from the meat side of the skin.
  • the hair is attacked from the roots and loosened and chemically separated from the skin in this way and can be used for technical (brush and felt production) or agricultural purposes (long-term fertilizer).
  • the protein load in the wastewater that was previously caused by the complete chemical dissolution of the hair; not applicable.
  • the device essentially consists of a base 1 and a nozzle device 2 which is attached to a portal-like carrier 3 spanning the base.
  • the base 1 is designed as an endlessly rotating, step-by-step conveyor belt, while the carrier 3 is arranged in a stationary manner.
  • the base 1 can be designed as a stationary table and the carrier 3 as a carriage.
  • the pad 1 can consist of felt, rubber or another weakly resilient material and at least in the area of the nozzle device 2 via a rigid counter-holder, e.g. B. a disk run.
  • the nozzle device has a plurality of piston shooting devices 4 which are arranged in two parallel rows which are offset from one another.
  • the piston shooting devices 4 are pressurized via lines 5, while the shooting cylinders of the piston shooting devices are fed the solutions or liquids to be inoculated from a storage container 6 via lines not shown.
  • FIG. 2 shows a piston shooting device 4 in more detail. It consists of a housing 7 with a pressure cylinder 8, in which a piston 9 is guided. This is intermittently acted upon by pressure medium on its end face 10 (line 5 in FIG. 1). The piston 9 is extended on its opposite end to a shooting piston 11 which runs in the shooting cylinder 12. This in turn narrows to form a nozzle 13, which opens out into a convex nozzle head 14. A channel 15, which is connected to the reservoir 6 (FIG. 1), opens laterally into the channel formed by the nozzle 13. The resetting of the piston 11 and the piston 9 can be done by a spring.
  • the skins 16 with the hair or scar side are placed on the base 1 (FIG. 1) and moved step by step under the nozzle device 2.
  • the stride length depends on the number of rows of the piston shooting devices which are arranged on the carrier 3.
  • the nozzle device 2 is lowered onto the meat side.
  • the convex nozzle heads 14 are pressed onto the skin. There is a shot through all the nozzles.
  • the nozzle device 2 is raised again, the skin is moved one step further, so that a new shooting cycle can begin.
  • the support 1 can also be vertically movable in the area below the carrier 3, for example by raising and lowering the abutment mentioned above.
  • the device has a stand frame 20, to which the base, designated as a whole by 1, is attached.
  • the carrier 3 accommodating the piston shooting devices 4 also spans the base 1 over its entire width (see FIG. 4).
  • the pad 1 has as an essential part! a step conveyor 21 with a plate 22, on the swing 23 engage articulated, which in turn are mounted on the stand frame 20.
  • the rockers are provided at least in pairs, one pair being provided with a hydraulic or pneumatic drive 24 which moves the rockers (23) from the extended, inclined position to the vertical position shown in dashed lines, thereby lifting the plate 22 and advancing it in direction 25 .
  • the drive returns, the plate lowers while moving backwards.
  • the skin 16 is gradually moved forward, similar to a sewing machine.
  • the plate 22 In front of the plate 22 there is a stationary inlet table 26 and in front of it a support roller 27 for the skin 16.
  • the plate 22 is provided with a recess 28, below which a counter-holder 29 is arranged for each piston-shooting device 4.
  • the counter-holder is formed by a pivot lever which is mounted at 30 on the stand frame 20 and has a support surface 31 for the skin 16 at its free end.
  • a hydraulic or pneumatic drive 32 acts on this end, which lifts the counter-holder 29 through the recess 28 of the plate 22 and lowers it again.
  • the drives of the piston shooting device 4, the plate 22 and the counter-holder 29 are linked to one another in terms of control technology in such a way that, after an injection shot, the counter-holder 29 is first lowered from the position shown in FIG. 3 into the position shown in dashed lines, then the rockers 23 into the dashed position can be pivoted, the skin 16 being moved forward by one step and a strip which has not yet been treated coming under the piston shooting devices 4. Then the counterholders 29 go up again and press the skin against the nozzles. At the same time, the plate 22 goes back again, the skin 16 not being taken along, since it is clamped and the plate 22 also moves downward. During this process, a shot is fired through all of the nozzles. Since, depending on the position of the skin, some nozzles lie outside the same, a collecting trough (not shown) can be arranged below the recess 28.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Treatment And Processing Of Natural Fur Or Leather (AREA)
  • Meat, Egg Or Seafood Products (AREA)
  • Seeds, Soups, And Other Foods (AREA)

Claims (16)

1. Procédé de préparation par voie humide de peaux et cuirs en croûte, comprenant les mesures consistant à:
a) tremper la peau;
b) pelaner au moyen d'un agent alcalin;
c) déchauler (neutraliser) au moyen d'un agent acide;
d) confiter au moyen d'un enzyme proteolyti- que;
e) pickler au moyen d'acides et de sels;
f) tanner, par exemple au moyen de sels de chrome III
g) retanner;
h) graisser la peau et, éventuellement,
i) teindre;

caractérisé en ce que les solutions ou liquides utilisés pour l'une ou plusieurs des mesures a à get i du procédé sont introduits par inoculation sous haute pression dans la peau.
2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la pression est supérieure à 50 bars, avantageusement supérieure à 100 bars.
3. Procédé selon la revendication 1 ou la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que les solutions ou liquides sont fournis à la peuen des quantités dosées.
4. Procédé selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que les solutions ou liquides sont fournis à des parties diverses de la peau en quantités dosées différentes.
5. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que l'inoculation est réalisée à partir du côté chair de la peau.
6. Installation pour mettre en oeuvre le procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisée par un support (1) recevant la peau (16) du côté des poils ou côté fleur, et par un dispositif (2) à buses puvant être posé sur le côté chair de la peau (16), dispositif au moyen duquel les solutions ou liquides sont inoculés sous pression.
7. Installation selon la revendication 6, caractérisée en ce que le dispositif (2) à buses comprend plusieurs appareils (4) de chasse à piston disposés côte à côte au moins sur un rang, et dont les cylindres de chasse (12) sont chacun reliés à une buse (13), et en ce qu'un conduit pour les solutions ou liquides débouche dans le cylindre de chasse (12) ou la buse (13).
8. Installation selon la revendication 6 ou la revendication 7, caractérisée en ce que les appareils (4) de chasse à piston sont disposés sur deux rangs parallèles décalés l'un par rapport à l'autre.
9. Installation selon l'une des revendications 7 et 8, caractérisée en ce que les appareils de chasse à piston sont disposés sur une poutre (3) enjambant le support (1), et en ce que cette poutre et le support (1) sont mobiles relativement l'un par rapport à l'autre dans la direction de l'étendue de la peau (16).
10. Installation selon l'une quelconque des revendications 6 à 9, caractérisée en ce que la poutre (3) portant le dispositif à buses et le support (1) sont mobiles relativement l'une par rapport à l'autre dans la direction perpendiculaire à l'étendue de la peau (16).
11. Installation selon l'une quelconque des revendications 6 à 10, caractérisée en ce que le support (1) consiste en un convoyeur pas à pas (21) de va-et-vient recevant la peau (16), et en une contre-butée (29), soulevable vers le dispositif à buses (4), qui passe au travers d'un évidement (28) de la surface de support (22) du convoyeur pas à pas, et qui applique la peau (16) contre les buses (13) des appareils (4) de chasse à piston, en suivant la cadence de travail du convoyeur pas à pas.
12. Installation selon la revendication 11, caractérisée en ce que le convoyeur pas à pas (21) est constitué par une plaque (22) qui est déplacée sur une trajectoire légèrement incurvée vers le haut, et qui présente l'évidement (28) pour la contre-butée (29).
13. Installation selon la revendication 12, caractérisée en ce que la plaque (22) est montée sur deux éléments oscillants (23) disposés à distance l'un de l'autre, dont l'un est entraîné.
14. Installation selon l'une quelconque des revendications 11 à 13, caractérisée en ce que la contre-butée (29) consiste en plusieurs leviers oscillants disposés l'un à côté de l'autre, chacun d'entre eux étant associé à une buse (13), et présentant, à leur extrémité libre passant au travers de l'évidement (28) du convoyeur pas à pas (21), une surface d'appui (31) pour la peau (16).
15. Installation selon la revendication 14, caractérisée en ce que chaque levier oscillant (29) est associé à une commande hydraulique (32) qui agit sur l'extrémité libre du levier oscillant.
16. Installation selon l'une quelconque des revendications 11 à 15, caractérisée en ce que les commandes (24, 32) du convoyeur pas à pas (21) et de la contre-butée (29), ainsi que les appareils (4) de chasse à piston, sont sous la dépendance d'une commande commune.
EP79102366A 1978-07-19 1979-07-10 Procédé et dispositif de préparation de peaux et de cuirs tannés Expired EP0009081B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
MX17855979A MX150565A (es) 1978-07-19 1979-07-19 Mejoras en metodo y aparato para el tratamiento de pieles

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19782831617 DE2831617A1 (de) 1978-07-19 1978-07-19 Verfahren zur herstellung gegerbter haeute und felle
DE2831617 1978-07-19

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0009081A1 EP0009081A1 (fr) 1980-04-02
EP0009081B1 true EP0009081B1 (fr) 1981-11-25

Family

ID=6044722

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP79102366A Expired EP0009081B1 (fr) 1978-07-19 1979-07-10 Procédé et dispositif de préparation de peaux et de cuirs tannés

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US4333731A (fr)
EP (1) EP0009081B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPS5516094A (fr)
AR (1) AR216258A1 (fr)
BR (1) BR7904596A (fr)
CS (1) CS209818B2 (fr)
DE (2) DE2831617A1 (fr)
ES (2) ES482629A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (17)

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DE3513253C2 (de) * 1985-04-13 1997-04-10 Roehm Gmbh Verfahren zur raschen enzymatischen Enthaarung von Häuten
YU71587A (en) * 1986-04-28 1988-10-31 Commw Scient & Ind Res Process for treating animal hides with fur
DE3702478A1 (de) * 1987-01-28 1988-08-11 Johs Krause Gmbh Maschinenfabr Vorrichtung zum behandeln von haeuten in nassprozessen
NZ229510A (en) * 1988-06-15 1991-08-27 Tanning Technologies Pty Ltd Treatment of hides: applying treating fluid to stretched hide
DE3930767A1 (de) * 1989-09-14 1991-03-28 Johs Krause Gmbh Maschinenfabr Vorrichtung zum behandeln von haeuten in nassprozessen
CA2141646C (fr) * 1994-02-04 2001-11-06 Nobuyuki Kuwabara Procede pour teindre le cuir, installation pour la teinture du cuir et cuir ainsi teint
AUPM761094A0 (en) * 1994-08-23 1994-09-15 Tanning Technologies Pty Ltd Treatment of hides
AUPO871397A0 (en) * 1997-08-22 1997-09-18 Future Tan Pty Ltd Improved treatment of hides
US6708531B1 (en) * 2002-10-30 2004-03-23 Council Of Scientific And Industrial Research Ecofriendly bio-process for leather processing
US7013838B2 (en) * 2002-12-20 2006-03-21 Frank Jay Hague Bleached expanded pigskin and products
CN1164770C (zh) * 2002-12-20 2004-09-01 周青标 宠物咀嚼用猪皮漂白发泡工艺及其制品
US20050193780A1 (en) * 2004-03-02 2005-09-08 Giancarlo Cassarino Apparatus and felt for embossing leather and artificial leather type textiles using high tension
US6854301B1 (en) 2004-04-13 2005-02-15 Albany International Corp. Extended nip press for the leather industry
ITBO20050105A1 (it) * 2005-02-25 2006-08-26 Teseo Spa Piano di lavoro di macchina automatica per il taglio di pellami e simili
US8613261B2 (en) 2010-11-22 2013-12-24 Salix Animal Health, Llc Method of making a degradable animal chew toy
CA2769887C (fr) * 2011-04-15 2019-06-04 Salix Animal Health, Llc Jouet degradable a macher pour animal et methode de fabrication de celui-ci
CN109991946B (zh) * 2019-04-11 2022-03-18 河南华东工控技术有限公司 一种基于配方软件的鞣制工艺控制方法

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US1978545A (en) * 1934-10-30 Method of making leather
US742115A (en) * 1902-09-29 1903-10-20 Walter T Forbes Apparatus for continuously tanning, bleaching, scouring, and oiling leather.
US1628966A (en) * 1919-09-16 1927-05-17 Glasel Charles John Tanning apparatus
US2303477A (en) * 1941-07-03 1942-12-01 Du Pont Tanning and dyeing leather
US2466772A (en) * 1947-06-13 1949-04-12 Lee J Kenyon Injection meat-curing machine
US2653075A (en) * 1948-12-21 1953-09-22 Poser Paul Method of dyeing furs
US2622428A (en) * 1949-04-06 1952-12-23 United Shoe Machinery Corp Machine for treating hides by application of pressure from diverse directions
DE822060C (de) * 1950-04-20 1951-11-22 Charvo Soc Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum selbsttaetigen Spritzen von Unterlagen, wie beispielsweise Haeuten, mit Fluessigkeiten, wie Farbloesungen, und deren Trocknung
US2669111A (en) * 1950-07-28 1954-02-16 Griffin Robert Hamilton Fluid pressure treatment of skins
US2702229A (en) * 1951-06-27 1955-02-15 Secotan Inc Process and apparatus for fluid treatment of pervious sheet materials
FR1295999A (fr) * 1961-05-03 1962-06-15 Giralt Baixeras S A Machine pour le traitement de matière en feuille
US3254938A (en) * 1962-08-29 1966-06-07 Rodriguez Pedro Villa Leather tanning
US3414366A (en) * 1963-11-12 1968-12-03 Armour & Co Coloring leather
DE1769868A1 (de) * 1968-07-27 1971-11-11 Douheret Maurice Jean Verfahren,um Schuhledersohlen rutschfest zu machen
US3960481A (en) * 1972-09-27 1976-06-01 Thermanil Chemical Company, Incorporated Process for tanning leather
US3901929A (en) * 1972-09-27 1975-08-26 Thermanil Chemical Company Inc Wet processing of leather

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AR216258A1 (es) 1979-11-30
CS209818B2 (en) 1981-12-31
BR7904596A (pt) 1980-03-25
DE2961441D1 (en) 1982-01-28
ES485042A1 (es) 1980-05-16
ES482629A1 (es) 1980-04-01
EP0009081A1 (fr) 1980-04-02
DE2831617A1 (de) 1980-01-31
US4333731A (en) 1982-06-08
JPS5516094A (en) 1980-02-04

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