DE69721423T2 - Arbeitseinheit und elektrophotographisches Bilderzeugungsgerät - Google Patents
Arbeitseinheit und elektrophotographisches Bilderzeugungsgerät Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- DE69721423T2 DE69721423T2 DE69721423T DE69721423T DE69721423T2 DE 69721423 T2 DE69721423 T2 DE 69721423T2 DE 69721423 T DE69721423 T DE 69721423T DE 69721423 T DE69721423 T DE 69721423T DE 69721423 T2 DE69721423 T2 DE 69721423T2
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- process cartridge
- photosensitive drum
- drum
- chamber frame
- section
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 283
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- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229920006311 Urethane elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000004323 axial length Effects 0.000 description 3
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- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000122 acrylonitrile butadiene styrene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 229920001707 polybutylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
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- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008646 thermal stress Effects 0.000 description 2
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 1
- BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N Selenium Chemical compound [Se] BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XECAHXYUAAWDEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylonitrile butadiene styrene Chemical compound C=CC=C.C=CC#N.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 XECAHXYUAAWDEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004676 acrylonitrile butadiene styrene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002390 adhesive tape Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 229910021417 amorphous silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010974 bronze Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper tin Chemical compound [Cu].[Sn] KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002788 crimping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000009429 electrical wiring Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- 239000011669 selenium Substances 0.000 description 1
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- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002604 ultrasonography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G21/00—Arrangements not provided for by groups G03G13/00 - G03G19/00, e.g. cleaning, elimination of residual charge
- G03G21/16—Mechanical means for facilitating the maintenance of the apparatus, e.g. modular arrangements
- G03G21/18—Mechanical means for facilitating the maintenance of the apparatus, e.g. modular arrangements using a processing cartridge, whereby the process cartridge comprises at least two image processing means in a single unit
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G21/00—Arrangements not provided for by groups G03G13/00 - G03G19/00, e.g. cleaning, elimination of residual charge
- G03G21/16—Mechanical means for facilitating the maintenance of the apparatus, e.g. modular arrangements
- G03G21/18—Mechanical means for facilitating the maintenance of the apparatus, e.g. modular arrangements using a processing cartridge, whereby the process cartridge comprises at least two image processing means in a single unit
- G03G21/1839—Means for handling the process cartridge in the apparatus body
- G03G21/1857—Means for handling the process cartridge in the apparatus body for transmitting mechanical drive power to the process cartridge, drive mechanisms, gears, couplings, braking mechanisms
- G03G21/186—Axial couplings
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G21/00—Arrangements not provided for by groups G03G13/00 - G03G19/00, e.g. cleaning, elimination of residual charge
- G03G21/16—Mechanical means for facilitating the maintenance of the apparatus, e.g. modular arrangements
- G03G21/1604—Arrangement or disposition of the entire apparatus
- G03G21/1623—Means to access the interior of the apparatus
- G03G21/1633—Means to access the interior of the apparatus using doors or covers
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G21/00—Arrangements not provided for by groups G03G13/00 - G03G19/00, e.g. cleaning, elimination of residual charge
- G03G21/16—Mechanical means for facilitating the maintenance of the apparatus, e.g. modular arrangements
- G03G21/1642—Mechanical means for facilitating the maintenance of the apparatus, e.g. modular arrangements for connecting the different parts of the apparatus
- G03G21/1647—Mechanical connection means
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G2221/00—Processes not provided for by group G03G2215/00, e.g. cleaning or residual charge elimination
- G03G2221/16—Mechanical means for facilitating the maintenance of the apparatus, e.g. modular arrangements and complete machine concepts
- G03G2221/1651—Mechanical means for facilitating the maintenance of the apparatus, e.g. modular arrangements and complete machine concepts for connecting the different parts
- G03G2221/1654—Locks and means for positioning or alignment
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Vision & Pattern Recognition (AREA)
- Electrophotography Configuration And Component (AREA)
- Discharging, Photosensitive Material Shape In Electrophotography (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP27752996 | 1996-09-26 | ||
| JP27752996A JP3745049B2 (ja) | 1996-09-26 | 1996-09-26 | プロセスカートリッジ及び電子写真画像形成装置 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DE69721423D1 DE69721423D1 (de) | 2003-06-05 |
| DE69721423T2 true DE69721423T2 (de) | 2004-03-18 |
Family
ID=17584848
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE69721423T Expired - Lifetime DE69721423T2 (de) | 1996-09-26 | 1997-09-26 | Arbeitseinheit und elektrophotographisches Bilderzeugungsgerät |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US6163665A (enExample) |
| EP (1) | EP0833230B1 (enExample) |
| JP (1) | JP3745049B2 (enExample) |
| KR (1) | KR100270223B1 (enExample) |
| CN (1) | CN1102250C (enExample) |
| DE (1) | DE69721423T2 (enExample) |
Families Citing this family (61)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP3839932B2 (ja) | 1996-09-26 | 2006-11-01 | キヤノン株式会社 | プロセスカートリッジ及び電子写真画像形成装置及び電子写真感光体ドラム及びカップリング |
| JP3943761B2 (ja) * | 1999-06-08 | 2007-07-11 | キヤノン株式会社 | プロセスカートリッジ及び電子写真画像形成装置 |
| JP2001255786A (ja) | 2000-01-07 | 2001-09-21 | Canon Inc | 電子写真画像形成装置 |
| JP3745231B2 (ja) | 2000-01-13 | 2006-02-15 | キヤノン株式会社 | プロセスカートリッジ及び電子写真画像形成装置 |
| JP2001281996A (ja) | 2000-04-03 | 2001-10-10 | Canon Inc | 現像カートリッジ及びプロセスカートリッジ及び電子写真画像形成装置 |
| JP2001290355A (ja) | 2000-04-06 | 2001-10-19 | Canon Inc | 現像装置、プロセスカートリッジ及び電子写真画像形成装置 |
| JP2002006609A (ja) | 2000-06-26 | 2002-01-11 | Canon Inc | トナーシール部材及び現像カートリッジ及びプロセスカートリッジ及び電子写真画像形成装置 |
| JP2002023476A (ja) | 2000-07-07 | 2002-01-23 | Canon Inc | 現像カートリッジ及びプロセスカートリッジ及び電子写真画像形成装置 |
| JP3658289B2 (ja) * | 2000-07-28 | 2005-06-08 | キヤノン株式会社 | プロセスカートリッジ及び電子写真画像形成システム |
| US6697578B2 (en) | 2000-08-25 | 2004-02-24 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Memory member, unit, process cartridge and electrophotographic image forming apparatus |
| JP2002139904A (ja) | 2000-10-31 | 2002-05-17 | Canon Inc | 現像装置及びプロセスカートリッジ及び電子写真画像形成装置 |
| JP3423684B2 (ja) | 2000-11-28 | 2003-07-07 | キヤノン株式会社 | 現像装置およびプロセスカートリッジおよび電子写真画像形成装置および電気接点部材 |
| JP3652246B2 (ja) | 2000-12-21 | 2005-05-25 | キヤノン株式会社 | プロセスカートリッジ及び画像形成装置 |
| JP2002196647A (ja) | 2000-12-22 | 2002-07-12 | Canon Inc | プロセスカートリッジ及び画像形成装置 |
| JP2002258720A (ja) | 2001-03-05 | 2002-09-11 | Canon Inc | 電子写真画像形成装置及びプロセスカートリッジ |
| JP4819232B2 (ja) | 2001-03-09 | 2011-11-24 | キヤノン株式会社 | プロセスカートリッジ、及びこれを備えた画像形成装置 |
| JP3631156B2 (ja) * | 2001-03-16 | 2005-03-23 | キヤノン株式会社 | 電子写真画像形成装置 |
| JP3548558B2 (ja) * | 2001-12-13 | 2004-07-28 | キヤノン株式会社 | プロセスカートリッジおよび電子写真画像形成装置 |
| JP4125007B2 (ja) * | 2002-01-11 | 2008-07-23 | キヤノン株式会社 | プロセスカートリッジおよび電子写真画像形成装置 |
| JP2003208074A (ja) * | 2002-01-11 | 2003-07-25 | Canon Inc | プロセスカートリッジおよび電子写真画像形成装置 |
| US7142795B2 (en) * | 2002-01-28 | 2006-11-28 | Toshiba Tec Kabushiki Kaisha | Process unit |
| JP3595798B2 (ja) | 2002-01-31 | 2004-12-02 | キヤノン株式会社 | プロセスカートリッジおよび電子写真画像形成装置 |
| JP3634807B2 (ja) * | 2002-02-20 | 2005-03-30 | キヤノン株式会社 | プロセスカートリッジおよび画像形成装置 |
| JP3658372B2 (ja) | 2002-02-22 | 2005-06-08 | キヤノン株式会社 | プロセスカートリッジおよびプロセスカートリッジ用の離間保持部材 |
| JP3907496B2 (ja) | 2002-02-27 | 2007-04-18 | キヤノン株式会社 | 現像装置、プロセスカートリッジおよび電子写真画像形成装置、ならびに現像剤収納容器とその組立て方法 |
| JP4174380B2 (ja) * | 2002-07-04 | 2008-10-29 | キヤノン株式会社 | 電子写真感光体ドラム及びプロセスカートリッジ |
| JP3548564B2 (ja) * | 2002-11-08 | 2004-07-28 | キヤノン株式会社 | 現像ローラー組立方法 |
| JP2004177835A (ja) | 2002-11-29 | 2004-06-24 | Canon Inc | 部品及び部品の供給方法 |
| US6771915B2 (en) * | 2002-12-19 | 2004-08-03 | Mitsubishi Chemical America | Coupling arrangement including optical photoconductive drum and grounding plate |
| JP2004205950A (ja) * | 2002-12-26 | 2004-07-22 | Canon Inc | クリーニング装置、プロセスカートリッジおよび画像形成装置 |
| JP4717455B2 (ja) * | 2004-02-27 | 2011-07-06 | キヤノン株式会社 | 画像形成装置 |
| JP4630688B2 (ja) * | 2004-08-30 | 2011-02-09 | キヤノン株式会社 | 現像装置 |
| JP4850427B2 (ja) * | 2005-03-28 | 2012-01-11 | キヤノン株式会社 | プロセスカートリッジ及び電子写真画像形成装置 |
| US7776503B2 (en) | 2005-03-31 | 2010-08-17 | Ricoh Company, Ltd. | Particles and manufacturing method thereof, toner and manufacturing method thereof, and developer, toner container, process cartridge, image forming method and image forming apparatus |
| KR100633148B1 (ko) * | 2005-04-21 | 2006-10-12 | 삼성전자주식회사 | 현상기의 제조방법, 현상기 및 화상형성장치 |
| JP4341619B2 (ja) | 2005-07-08 | 2009-10-07 | ブラザー工業株式会社 | 現像カートリッジ |
| US7433631B2 (en) * | 2005-12-20 | 2008-10-07 | Xerox Corporation | Material supply module drive shaft |
| JP4378374B2 (ja) * | 2006-03-10 | 2009-12-02 | キヤノン株式会社 | プロセスカートリッジ、現像剤補給カートリッジ、及び電子写真画像形成装置 |
| EP1939695B1 (en) | 2006-12-28 | 2015-07-29 | Brother Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Image forming device capable of positioning developing unit and developer cartridge precisely |
| US7912403B2 (en) * | 2007-01-15 | 2011-03-22 | Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. | Image forming apparatus with frame and pressing member |
| CN101320230B (zh) * | 2007-06-09 | 2012-09-19 | 珠海天威技术开发有限公司 | 感光鼓及处理盒 |
| US7813676B2 (en) | 2007-07-05 | 2010-10-12 | Static Control Components, Inc. | Systems and methods for remanufacturing imaging components |
| US9063506B2 (en) | 2007-07-05 | 2015-06-23 | Static Control Components, Inc. | Systems and methods for remanufacturing imaging components |
| JP5127565B2 (ja) * | 2008-05-23 | 2013-01-23 | キヤノン株式会社 | カートリッジ及び画像形成装置 |
| JP5004870B2 (ja) | 2008-05-23 | 2012-08-22 | キヤノン株式会社 | プロセスカートリッジ、及び電子写真画像形成装置 |
| JP4592113B2 (ja) * | 2009-03-02 | 2010-12-01 | キヤノン株式会社 | カラー電子写真画像形成装置 |
| JP5762054B2 (ja) * | 2010-03-16 | 2015-08-12 | キヤノン株式会社 | プロセスカートリッジ及び画像形成装置 |
| JP5729677B2 (ja) * | 2011-03-10 | 2015-06-03 | 株式会社リコー | 駆動力伝達機構および画像形成装置 |
| JP5839826B2 (ja) | 2011-04-22 | 2016-01-06 | キヤノン株式会社 | 現像装置の再生産方法、プロセスカートリッジの再生産方法、現像装置、及び、プロセスカートリッジ |
| US8628269B2 (en) * | 2011-09-02 | 2014-01-14 | Roy Fan | Rotating drive shaft coupling |
| JP5460824B2 (ja) | 2011-12-09 | 2014-04-02 | キヤノン株式会社 | カートリッジ |
| JP3183618U (ja) | 2012-03-22 | 2013-05-30 | 三菱化学株式会社 | 画像形成装置用の回転部材、画像形成カートリッジおよび画像形成装置 |
| US9058007B2 (en) | 2012-09-07 | 2015-06-16 | Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation | Torque transmitting member disposed at an end of a photosensitive drum, photosensitive drum unit, and process cartridge |
| JP6468490B2 (ja) * | 2015-06-05 | 2019-02-13 | 株式会社リコー | 駆動装置及び画像形成装置 |
| JP6873604B2 (ja) | 2015-06-05 | 2021-05-19 | キヤノン株式会社 | プロセスカートリッジ、および、電子写真画像形成装置 |
| US9996052B2 (en) * | 2016-02-10 | 2018-06-12 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Cartridge capable of being inserted in an apparatus main body of an image forming apparatus |
| CN107305338B (zh) * | 2016-04-19 | 2024-01-16 | 纳思达股份有限公司 | 处理盒及处理盒的装配方法 |
| JP6808364B2 (ja) * | 2016-06-14 | 2021-01-06 | キヤノン株式会社 | 電子写真画像形成装置 |
| JP6971959B2 (ja) | 2017-12-13 | 2021-11-24 | キヤノン株式会社 | カートリッジ及び画像形成装置 |
| EP4152105B1 (en) | 2020-12-07 | 2024-06-05 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Toner container and image forming system |
| JP2024047152A (ja) * | 2022-09-26 | 2024-04-05 | キヤノン株式会社 | 画像形成装置 |
Family Cites Families (18)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3213719A (en) * | 1962-11-01 | 1965-10-26 | Robert C Kloack | Rotary driving tool with universal action |
| JPS59116951U (ja) * | 1983-01-25 | 1984-08-07 | 京セラミタ株式会社 | 複写機の動力伝達装置 |
| JPS6265049A (ja) * | 1985-09-17 | 1987-03-24 | Canon Inc | プロセスカ−トリツジ及びこのカ−トリツジを使用する画像形成装置 |
| GB2180795B (en) * | 1985-09-17 | 1990-08-29 | Canon Kk | Image bearing member and driving mechanism therefor |
| JPS634252A (ja) * | 1986-06-24 | 1988-01-09 | Canon Inc | プロセスカ−トリツジ及びこのカ−トリツジを使用する画像形成装置 |
| JPS63201211U (enExample) * | 1987-06-18 | 1988-12-26 | ||
| GB2214609B (en) * | 1988-01-20 | 1991-12-11 | Xerox Corp | Drive coupling |
| JPH01199022A (ja) * | 1988-01-30 | 1989-08-10 | Konica Corp | 駆動伝達装置 |
| US4975743A (en) * | 1989-08-21 | 1990-12-04 | Surti Tyrone N | Process cartridge having removable drive means |
| US5019861A (en) * | 1989-10-11 | 1991-05-28 | Surti Tyrone N | Drive apparatus for a process cartridge of an image-forming apparatus |
| JPH0519550A (ja) * | 1991-07-16 | 1993-01-29 | Konica Corp | 画像形成装置のプロセスユニツト |
| EP0586033B1 (en) * | 1992-06-30 | 1998-03-25 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Photosensitive drum, process cartridge and image forming apparatus |
| JPH06258877A (ja) * | 1993-03-08 | 1994-09-16 | Ricoh Co Ltd | 画像形成装置 |
| JPH0844247A (ja) * | 1994-08-04 | 1996-02-16 | Tec Corp | 画像形成装置 |
| JPH08179627A (ja) * | 1994-12-21 | 1996-07-12 | Tec Corp | 電子写真装置 |
| JP2875203B2 (ja) * | 1995-03-27 | 1999-03-31 | キヤノン株式会社 | 電子写真画像形成装置、プロセスカートリッジ、駆動力伝達部品、及び、電子写真感光体ドラム |
| JPH08292704A (ja) * | 1995-04-21 | 1996-11-05 | Canon Inc | プロセスカートリッジ及び電子写真画像形成装置 |
| EP0797125B1 (en) * | 1996-03-21 | 2002-11-06 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Process cartridge and electrophotographic image forming apparatus |
-
1996
- 1996-09-26 JP JP27752996A patent/JP3745049B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1997
- 1997-09-26 DE DE69721423T patent/DE69721423T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-09-26 US US08/938,964 patent/US6163665A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-09-26 CN CN97119672A patent/CN1102250C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1997-09-26 KR KR1019970049030A patent/KR100270223B1/ko not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1997-09-26 EP EP97307583A patent/EP0833230B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH10105025A (ja) | 1998-04-24 |
| EP0833230A3 (en) | 1998-05-06 |
| CN1188265A (zh) | 1998-07-22 |
| KR19980025027A (ko) | 1998-07-06 |
| HK1009510A1 (en) | 1999-06-04 |
| EP0833230A2 (en) | 1998-04-01 |
| JP3745049B2 (ja) | 2006-02-15 |
| EP0833230B1 (en) | 2003-05-02 |
| CN1102250C (zh) | 2003-02-26 |
| KR100270223B1 (ko) | 2000-10-16 |
| DE69721423D1 (de) | 2003-06-05 |
| US6163665A (en) | 2000-12-19 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| 8364 | No opposition during term of opposition |