CN1842305A - 发光电动牙刷及其使用方法 - Google Patents
发光电动牙刷及其使用方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN1842305A CN1842305A CNA2004800245357A CN200480024535A CN1842305A CN 1842305 A CN1842305 A CN 1842305A CN A2004800245357 A CNA2004800245357 A CN A2004800245357A CN 200480024535 A CN200480024535 A CN 200480024535A CN 1842305 A CN1842305 A CN 1842305A
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Abstract
本发明公开了通过将口腔护理组合物与其上设置有电动元件的电动牙刷联合使用来提供口腔护理有益效果的方法。具体地讲,描述了使用包括发光元件的电动牙刷和口腔护理组合物来提供牙齿增白和色斑去除的方法。
Description
发明领域
本发明涉及利用发光元件的发光电动牙刷。更具体地讲,本发明涉及包括电动元件的电动牙刷及与之结合可用于处理口腔表面的物质的使用。
发明背景
牙斑、齿龈炎、牙周病和牙齿变色都是影响许多人的令人不悦的症状。具体地讲,白色的牙齿长期以来被认为是美容所需要的。不幸的是,由于除内在来源如血液、混合滋补品和抗生素如四环素外,食物、饮料、烟草和唾液中存在的发色物质也通常使牙齿变色。可用于去除或消除牙斑的许多现有方案包括过氧化氢,以便作用于发色分子使它们变成无色的、水溶性的或既无色又水溶性的。另外,某些增白过程包括使用光和/或激光,并结合以某些化学物质。然而,使用足够强度的光来递送口腔护理有益效果如增白,原先需要消费者去寻求专业的诊所内操作。当前可用的诊所外处理包括使用牙托和/或料条上的较低浓度过氧化氢。然而,多数诊所外处理并不使用光,特别是不使用强度足以产生所需的口腔护理有益效果的光。因此,公认的消费者需要是利用光的低成本商业口腔护理体系,当消费者在家中使用时该体系可递送一定质和量的光,所述光又可递送所需口腔护理有益效果。
发明概述
本发明提供一种提供口腔护理有益效果的方法,所述方法包括:将口腔护理物质的均匀涂层涂敷到递送装置上;将其上设置有所述物质的所述递送装置应用于多个牙齿上,使得所述物质接触表面,所述物质在多个牙齿上提供活性物质;从牙齿上取下所述递送装置,至少部分口腔护理物质从所述递送装置释放到牙齿上;用电动牙刷刷洗牙齿,该电动牙刷包括头部、柄部、活动刷毛载体和电动元件,其中所述电动元件设置在牙刷的头部,并从牙刷的头部发出能量。
附图概述
本发明在某些部件和部件的排列上可以采用其自然形式,其实施方案将在本说明书中详述,并且在构成本文一部分的附图中图示说明,并且其中:
图1为如本发明所述的电动牙刷的透视图。
图2为图1的电动牙刷的顶部平面视图。
图2a为图1的电动牙刷的顶部平面视图。
图3为图1的电动牙刷的横截面侧正视图。
图4为按照本发明所制造的电动牙刷实施方案的头部和颈杆的横截面侧视图。
图5为本发明另一个实施方案的头部和颈杆的部分前正视图。
图6为本发明另一个实施方案的头部和颈杆的部分前正视图。
图7为本发明另一个实施方案的头部和颈杆的部分前正视图。
图8为本发明另一个实施方案的头部和颈杆的部分前正视图。
图9为本发明另一个实施方案的头部和颈杆的部分前正视图。
图10为本发明另一个实施方案的头部和颈杆的部分前正视图。
图11为本发明发光电动牙刷另一个实施方案的透视图,其中所述牙刷包括可从柄部分开的头部和颈杆。
图14为适用于本发明的电路构成示意图。
图15为适用于本发明的发光元件的各种颜色的光谱分布图。
图16为适用于本发明的发白光的发光元件的光谱分布图。
图17为图示说明适用于本发明的光辐射图案的图。
图18为具有圆角的基本扁平的料条的透视图。
图19为本发明一个实施方案的透视图,其公开了涂覆有口腔护理物质的图18的扁平料条。
图20为公开其上设置有物质的扁平料条的剖面图。
图21为显示邻近牙齿的剖面图,所述邻近牙齿上具有与牙齿一致并连接在牙齿上的图20的料条。
图22为显示连接到一个牙齿上的图20的料条的剖面图。
图23为牙托递送装置的透视图。
图24为显示连接到一个牙齿上的图23的牙托的剖面图。
实施方案详述
通常,本发明涉及与口腔护理工具联合使用的口腔护理物质,所述口腔护理工具具有一个或多个设置在头部的电动元件,其包括,但不限于发光二极管、使用白炽光元件的发光元件、激光元件、卤素元件、氖元件、荧光元件、等离子元件、氙元件、牙线洁齿元件、按摩元件、刮擦元件、发热元件、声波发射元件、超声发射元件、电流发射元件、物质散发元件和/或它们的任何组合。这种口腔护理工具可包括,但不限于,电动牙刷、电动牙线、牙齿抛光器、牙龈按摩器等。所述口腔护理物质包含一定含量的活性物质,直接使用后可促进使用者所需要的有益效果,而不损害其应用的口腔表面。这些活性物质可解决的口腔症状的实施例包括,但不限于,牙齿的外观和结构变化、增白、色斑漂白、色斑去除、牙斑去除、牙垢去除、龋齿预防和治疗、发炎和/或出血的齿龈、粘膜受伤、损害、溃疡、口疮性溃疡、感冒疮和牙齿脓肿。
本文所用的术语电动元件包括任何可在该元件设置的位置转换电能的电动元件。例如,发光元件可在该元件被设置的位置,如电动牙刷的头部,将电能转换成光。为了简化起见,在下文中本发明将以电动牙刷的形式进行论述,该电动牙刷具有其上设置有发光元件的头部。这种电动牙刷可用于个人卫生,当电动元件被启动使用电动运动来清洁其人的牙齿和齿龈。本发明还涉及具有可替换或可移除头部和/或颈杆的电动牙刷。此外,本发明还涉及通过使用本发明的所述牙刷和物质来递送口腔护理有益效果,如增白的方法。光通过使牙齿更容易被漂白和/或活化口腔护理物质中的化学物质,从而增强仅从该口腔护理物质中所得到的口腔护理有益效果,可改善牙齿的增白。所需口腔护理有益效果的实施例包括,但不限于,增白、色斑漂白、色斑去除、补充矿质、牙斑去除和牙垢去除。此外,按照本发明所制的电动牙刷可以包含口腔护理物质的套盒形式出售。所述套盒中可包含不同的口腔护理物质,包括但不限于牙齿增白、色斑去除和/或牙斑去除。
A.口腔护理工具
本发明的口腔护理工具具有一个或多个设置在头部的电动元件,其包括,但不限于发光二极管、使用白炽光元件的发光元件、激光元件、卤素元件、氖元件、荧光元件、等离子元件、氙元件、牙线洁齿元件、按摩元件、刮擦元件、发热元件、声波发射元件、超声发射元件、电流发射元件、散发物质元件和/或它们的任何组合。这种口腔护理工具可包括,但不限于,电动牙刷、电动牙线、牙齿抛光器、齿龈按摩器等。为了简化起见,本发明将称之为包括发光元件的电动牙刷。
本文所用术语“光”旨在包括可见光和不可见光(例如,紫外和红外)的光谱。在本发明的一个牙刷实施方案中,由发光元件发出的光可为约370nm、390nm、410nm、430nm、450nm、470nm、490nm、510nm、530nm、550nm、570nm、590nm、610nm、630nm、650nm、670nm、690nm、710nm和/或小于约770nm、750nm、730nm、710nm、690nm、670nm、650nm、630nm、610nm、500nm、400nm。在另一个实施方案中,发出的光可具有的波长大于约420nm、430nm、440nm、450nm、460nm、470nm、480nm和/或490nm和/或小于约490nm、480nm、470nm、460nm、450nm、440nm、430nm。在另一个实施方案中,发出的光可具有的波长为约420nm、430nm、440nm、450nm、460nm、470nm和/或小于约470nm、460nm、450nm、430nm。应意识到选择的特定波长范围可取决于所需光的颜色。在一个实施方案中,发出的光可为蓝色。
所述口腔护理工具也可发出特定强度的光。强度可以是以坎德拉(或流明/球面度)为单位测得的发光强度,或以瓦/米2为单位测得的通量密度。在一个实施方案中,本发明发光电动牙刷的通量密度为约20mW/cm2、30mW/cm2、35mW/cm2、40mW/cm2、45mW/cm2、50mW/cm2、55mW/cm2、60mW/cm2、70mW/cm2、100mW/cm2、200mW/cm2、250mW/cm2和/或小于约300mW/cm2、250mW/cm2、200mW/cm2、150mW/cm2、100mW/cm2、70mW/cm2、60mW/cm2、50mW/cm2、40mW/cm2、30mW/cm2,或这些的任何组合。
在一个实施方案中,所述电动牙刷包括细长的驱体部分或柄部、头部、以及在头部和柄部之间延伸的颈杆。一个或多个发光元件可提供在头部、邻近一个或多个静止或活动刷毛载体、在一个或多个静止或活动刷毛载体上或内,所述刷毛载体其上具有多根刷毛。刷毛可形成一个或多个簇丛或簇。在某些实施方案中,发光元件可设置在摆动刷毛载体的中心或运动轴线上。此外,发光元件可用作销轴,其用作活动刷毛载体旋转轴线和/或中心。发光元件可以是固定的,或者它可被固定到活动刷毛载体上使得该元件与刷毛载体一起运动。在某些实施方案中,刷毛载体可具有一个促进光从其中通过的区域,如孔。该区域可由透明或半透明材料构成,或可供选择地,该区域可以是孔或其它基本上无刷毛的开口区域,从而允许光的通过。此区域可提供在牙刷头部的任何部分上,包括活动刷毛载体的中心。
头部包括一个纵向轴线、一个或多个活动刷毛载体或支架、以及任选一个或多个静止或固定刷毛载体。活动刷毛载体可旋转、转动、涡旋、摆动、直线往复运动、或经历这些运动的任何组合。由本发明的电动牙刷所提供的运动类型可以是多种多样的。静止刷毛载体和其上设置的静止刷毛的排列也可以是多种多样的。例如,静止刷毛可部分或完全围绕活动刷毛载体,或者可设置在活动刷毛载体之间的缝隙内。适用于本发明的一些刷毛载体运动和刷毛排列的实施例描述于US 20030126699、US 20030084525、US 20030084524、US 20030084526、和WO03/063723、WO 03/063722中。刷毛可由常规的非弹性材料如聚乙烯制成,或者可由弹性材料如天然或合成橡胶、聚烯烃、聚醚酰胺、聚酯、苯乙烯聚合物、聚氨酯等或这些材料的组合制成。
柄部具有马达设置于其中的中空部分,该中空部分可操作地连接在活动刷毛载体上。一个轴从马达处通过颈杆延伸,然后进入至少一部分头部中。当由马达驱动时,该轴可旋转、摆动、直线往复运动、涡旋、环行或以圆锥式运动,以便为活动刷毛载体赋予一种或多种运动。可在马达与轴之间或轴与活动刷毛载体之间提供传动装置以便赋予其运动。示例性的轴和/或传动装置显示于美国专利6,360,395和5,617,601,以及美国专利申请2003/0134567和2003/0163881以及本文所参考的其它专利和专利公布中。柄部还有一个设置于其中为马达和发光元件供电的电源,如一节或多节电池。可供选择地,电动牙刷可连接至外接电源为马达供电。开关设置在柄部用于启动马达和/或发光元件。该开关包括一个致动器按扣和一个金属触点。向下按模制的致动器按钮使该开关被手动按下,致动器按钮压在一个金属触点上,使电路接通,如常规瞬时开关一样。开关能够通过滑道设计产生连续操作,通过按下并向前滑动制动器按钮,如常规的连续开关一样。通过将这两种功能组合在一个开关中,消费者可在购买之前尝试此装置并看到它的操作,并且从包装中取出后仍可继续操作它。开关也可启动一个或多个发光元件。只要马达被启动,发光元件就通电,然而电动牙刷也可具有一个指定用于启动发光元件的开关。
现在参见附图,其中这些显示仅为了图示说明本发明的实施方案,而不是为了局限于相同的这些,图1显示了如本发明的一个实施方案所示的发光电动牙刷10。电动牙刷可用于个人卫生如刷某人的牙齿和齿龈。如图1所示,电动牙刷包括柄部12和连接到柄部12上的颈杆14。头部16连接到颈杆14上。典型地,头部比颈杆14大,而颈杆也典型比柄部12小。
现在参见图2,头部16进一步由纵向轴线19来界定,并且包括活动刷毛载体20和一个或多个任选静止刷毛载体22。在此实施方案中,静止刷毛载体22位于活动刷毛载体20的相对两侧。此实施方案中的活动刷毛载体20位于头部16的中央。活动刷毛载体20包括在载体20上支持和保持的多根刷毛24。尽管可提供如前所述的其它运动,但活动刷毛载体可绕近似正交于头部16的纵向轴线19的运动轴摆动或旋转。如本文所更详细描述的,沿活动刷毛载体的此运动轴设置是电动元件74。在一个特定的实施方案(如图2a所示)中,电动元件为发光元件75,如设置在牙刷头部上的发光二极管,并且通常在发光元件的表面未延伸至活动刷毛载体刷毛承载表面以下处的下面或以下(如图22所示)。牙刷的此实施方案还具有抓握部分70和72。如图3所示,柄部12还包括容纳马达32的中空部分30,并且具有纵向轴线34。马达32通过可旋转的轴44为活动刷毛载体20提供动力。传动装置在轴44和马达32之间可操作地互相连接。传动装置包括蜗轮40和一对步进齿轮42、43。马达32可操作地连接到蜗轮40上。步进齿轮42可操作地连接到步进齿轮43和蜗轮40上。提供了设置在活动刷毛载体20内部的发光元件75。本文所用术语“发光”元件是指可将电能转化成光的元件,不同于仅传导或传送光的元件,如纤维光缆或线缆。在一个实施方案中,本发明的发光元件是发光二极管或LED。对于发光二极管而言,主波长或中心波长由以下公式确定:
对于连续光谱,和
对于离散光谱。
其中I是发光强度,而λ是波长。
这些公式进一步描述于国际照明协会公布的标题为“Measurement of LEDs”的CIE 127(1997)中。这些公式和方法也可应用于除发光二极管之外的其它发光元件,或者可使用本领域已知的其它方法和公式来确定发光元件的主波长或中心波长。发光元件的光谱(例如,峰值波长)、光度(例如,发光强度)、辐射度(例如,辐射强度)和色度(例如,主波长)特性可使用本领域已知的设备来测量,如Optronic Laboratories,Inc.,Orlando,FL制造的OL 730CV辐射计/光度计。一些光可能没有主波长或中心波长(例如,白光)。
图4图示说明了牙刷的一个实施方案,该牙刷具有固定的发光元件75,其连接到柱91上和/或设置在柱91内,所述柱是固定的,并且于牙刷的点93处固定在头部95上。在此实施方案中,活动刷毛载体97绕设置在柱91内的固定发光元件75摆动或旋转。设置在柱91内的此发光元件75作为牙刷头部95上的活动刷毛载体97的旋转轴。正级导线87和负极导线89可从发光元件75通过柱91导出,然后沿牙刷的头部95和颈杆(未示出)的长度向下至电源(未示出)。
在另一个实施方案中,发光元件75设置在孔或洞88内,该孔洞贯穿活动刷毛载体320,如图5中最佳所示,因此发光元件是固定的,而活动刷毛载体320绕固定的发光元件75摆动或旋转。在此实施方案中,发光元件75固定地固定到头部316上。发光元件75可部分贯穿洞88,或者它可设置在活动刷毛载体320下表面以下使得它完全包含在头部316内。发光元件75的中心线或轴线也可以是活动刷毛载体320的旋转或摆动轴。在某些上述实施方案中,尤其是发光元件设置在活动刷毛载体320以下的情况,活动刷毛载体可由透明或半透明材料制成。当发光元件设置在头部内时,发光元件可放置成使得它位于刷毛载体之间,并且不与活动刷毛载体的旋转/摆动轴线对齐,如例如图6所示,其中为了简化已删除了刷毛。图6图示说明了头部416、颈杆414、活动刷毛载体420、静止刷毛载体422和423,以及设置在活动刷毛载体420和静止刷毛载体423下面的发光元件75。在此实施方案中,头部的顶部表面和刷毛载体可由透明或半透明材料构成。
可使用多种材料来制成透明或半透明的刷毛载体和/或头部。这些材料的实施例包括,但不限于,聚苯乙烯(PS)、聚碳酸酯(PC)、聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯-乙二醇(PETG)(以名称Eastoman BR003市售)、纤维素乙酸酯-丙酸酯(CAP),以及它们的组合。设想可使用一种或多种热处理来有利于这些材料的加工。
发光元件可排列得使发光的主要方向通常垂直于刷毛载体的顶部表面和/或通常平行于刷毛载体的刷毛方向。换句话讲,发光元件可排列得使发光元件的中心线90通常垂直于头部和/或刷毛载体的顶部表面,如图4中最佳所示。中心线90典型通过发光元件的镜头92或孔。当发光元件设置在活动和/或静止刷毛载体内、上或下时,围绕发光元件的中心线90的圆柱形区域或体可以没有刷毛使光透过刷洗表面而不受刷毛的干扰。在一个实施方案中,无刷毛的圆柱体直径介于约2mm和约8mm之间,在另一个实施方案中介于约3mm和约6mm之间。然而,活动刷毛载体仍可具有至少一个环绕发光元件的刷毛环,例如图5所示。然而,也可提供附加的刷毛簇或内刷毛环。
再参见图3,开关50被提供来控制发光电动牙刷的操作,并且可操作地连接在马达32上。开关50也被设置成操作牙刷的一个或多个发光元件。这种操作可以是瞬时的或连续的。当开关50闭合时,柄部10中空部分30内提供的电池60与马达32和发光元件75之间的电路被接通。
图7至10图示说明了发光电动牙刷的其它头部、刷毛载体和刷毛构型,所有这些发光电动牙刷均包含一个或多个发光元件。图7图示说明了头部516和颈杆514。应意识到颈杆514在头部516和牙刷柄部之间延伸(未示出)。设置在头部516上的是其上设置有多根刷毛簇532的单个动刷毛载体520。设置在第二个刷毛载体522上的是发光元件575。图8描绘了如本发明所述的另一个头部616和颈杆614。头部616包括单刷毛载体620,其包括刷毛632,并且其内设置有发光元件675。图9描绘了其上设置有单刷毛载体720的另一个头部716和颈杆714。发光元件775设置得邻近头部716上的刷毛载体720。然而,发光元件775未设置在刷毛载体上。图10描绘了另一个头部816,其具有活动的第一个刷毛载体820、固定或静止的第二个刷毛载体822,以及连接在头部816上的颈杆814。两个刷毛载体都具有设置在其上的发光元件875。第一个刷毛载体820具有环绕设置在其上的发光元件875的多根刷毛簇832,而第二个刷毛载体822具有环绕设置在其上的发光元件874的多根刷毛簇834。
按照本发明所制的电动牙刷的另一个实施方案如图11所示,其具有头部1016、颈杆1014和柄部1012。设置在头部1016上的是发光元件1075。颈杆和柄部可释放地连接在1015处,并且包含相应的结构用于它们的实体接合,以及用于建立发光元件和电源之间的电气连通。本发明的此实施方案还包括抓握部分1019。
多种多样的发光元件可用于本发明。在一个实施方案中,发光元件是小的、低能耗的发光二极管(LED),如San Jose CA的Lumileds Lighting,LLC制造的以名称LuxeonTM市售的那些。其它市售的发光元件包括购自American Opto PlusLED Corporation的那些。LED可由相对低电压的直流电源供电操作,如在一个实施方案中介于约0.5伏和约5伏之间,在另一个实施方案中介于约1伏和3伏之间,且在另一个实施方案中介于约1.6伏和约2.4伏之间。
本文所述的各种实施方案牙刷可利用具有多种特性的发光元件。本文所述电动牙刷可发出中心波长介于约10nm和106nm之间,且在一个实施方案中介于390nm和约770nm之间,而在另一个实施方案中介于约420nm和约490nm之间的光,以及介于约420nm和约470nm之间的蓝光。
图14图示说明了本发明电路构成的示意图。在此构成中,发光元件75和马达32由开关50来提供动力或彼此同时启动。当发光元件75是LED时,可能需要包括电压或电流驱动器94,不管输入电压或电流的变化,其为该LED提供恒定的电压或电流输出,尤其是当电池的电压或电流输出随时间延长而趋于减小时。适用于本发明的电压或电流驱动器为Zetex Semiconductors,Oldham,UK制造的ZXSC310单或多电池LED驱动器。本发明的其它实施方案包括,例如,可提供分离的开关来分别启动发光元件和马达。此外,还可提供不止一个发光元件。可提供具有不同光谱、光度、辐射度和色度特性(例如,不同的主波长、峰值波长、辐射能量等)的发光元件来适应单个电动牙刷中的多个用途。
图15和16图示说明了用于本文所述电动牙刷的市售LED发光元件的各种颜色的光谱分布。这些光谱分布图是LuxeonTM 1-瓦发射器发光元件的,然而这些分布图也可用其它发光元件获得。具体地讲,图15是各种颜色发光元件的相对光谱能量分布图。图15图示说明了品蓝、蓝色、青色、绿色、琥珀色、桔红色和红色。图16是白色发光元件的相对光谱能量分布。
通常需要利用使光大体或基本均匀分布的发光元件,以使得每个牙齿在牙齿表面上都接收到大约相同量的光。因此,可使用朗伯或钟形光图案,例如图17所示。然而,如上所述,发光元件可提供如本发明所述的各种各样的光辐射图。
B.与口腔护理工具联合使用的物质
牙齿是复合的生物结构。对于去除色斑而言,牙齿结构的重要部分是牙冠。牙冠的外层由牙釉质构成,牙釉质为颜色从半透明至黄灰色变化的钙化结构。牙釉质的下面是牙质,然后是中央芯部的牙髓腔。牙釉质和牙质层都是多孔的。由于唾液腺分泌物造成口腔内的动态环境,色斑可通过扩散而移到这些孔内。
消费者牙齿所产生的牙齿变色主要是由于牙齿结构本身内的发色体,其次是由于积累的来源自食物丹宁酸的外来色斑,其经常也被包含在牙结石中。牙齿变色既发生在牙釉质层也发生在牙质层中。牙釉质覆盖的牙冠的外观颜色部分是由于下层牙质的颜色。变色也可能由于牙结石而产生,牙结石是釉质表面上的矿物化细菌牙斑。牙斑通常是由于来源于饮食习惯和食物组分的卟啉化合物(卟吩的衍生物)。它们可以由口腔细菌生成,并可在牙釉质下积聚。去除外来和内在色斑对于获得高度漂白是很重要的,它是临床可测量并且消费者重视的。
当由装置发出的光被牙齿结构上和/或内的发色体直接吸收时,发色体(“发色团”)进入激发态。当处于它们的激发态时,这些发色团发生化学反应,导致掉色和/或它们容易被除去。可供选择地,光反应性酶促反应可通过含有光敏剂来引发,所述光敏剂能够吸收入射光能量,并处于激发态将能量传递至牙齿结构的发色团和/或传递至氧。有活性的发色团可与其它化学反应物反应,或者产生的活性氧可与基态的发色团反应使它们的发色性更小。取决于使用的条件,活性氧物质可以是单重态氧、过氧化物、羟基、过氧羟自由基、内过氧化物或上述物质的混合物。具体地讲,胺或酰胺的存在可增加过氧化物的生成。此外,一些光敏剂还已知可促进活性氧的化学性质。
此外,光还可活化色斑的发色团(经过电子跃迁),并且降低活化能垒,使它们更容易被过氧化物以及其它清洁和增白剂漂白。因此发色团被光活化可增加口腔护理有益效果如牙齿漂白和/或增白。类似地,因为光处理,色斑发色团可变得更容易被研磨增白,所述光处理可导致更快和更好的增白。
各种各样的牙齿增白物质可与本文所述的电动牙刷、尤其是包括发光元件的电动牙刷联合使用。牙齿增白物质可包含漂白剂、研磨剂、pH调节剂、螯合剂、表面活性剂、酶、溶剂、聚合物和光敏剂或通过机械或化学作用作用于牙齿发色团上的任何其它物质,或它们的组合。牙齿增白物质可以溶液、糊剂、凝胶、粘稠液体、漱口水、固体形式或其它合适的形式提供。
1.漂白剂
漂白剂包含产生漂白活性物质如氧自由基的金属离子游离过氧化物、有机过氧化物和含金属离子的过氧化物。漂白剂的实施例包括,但不限于,过氧化物、金属亚氯酸盐、过硼酸盐、过碳酸盐、过氧酸、过硫酸盐、就地形成前述化合物的化合物、以及它们的组合。过氧化物化合物的实施例包括,但不限于,过氧化氢、过氧化钙、过氧化氢脲、以及它们的混合物。在一个实施方案中,漂白剂是过氧化氢脲。金属亚氯酸盐包括,但不限于,亚氯酸钙、亚氯酸钡、亚氯酸镁、亚氯酸锂、亚氯酸钠、亚氯酸钾、以及它们的混合物。另外的漂白剂包括次氯酸盐和二氧化氯。在一个实施方案中,漂白剂选自亚氯酸钠、过氧化物、过碳酸钠、过硫酸氢钾、以及它们的混合物。开始的漂白剂可以是含水的或固体物质。例如,过氧化物渗入牙釉质和牙质的孔中,从而使内在和外来的色斑降解和去除。
增白或漂白物质中的漂白剂量可以变化。例如,漂白剂的存在量为基于所述牙齿增白物质的总量约3至约60重量百分比。如果过氧化氢是漂白剂,基于所述牙齿增白物质的总量,根据一个特定的实施方案,它可能存在的量为约3%、5%、7%、10%、12%、15%、20%、30%、40%、50%、60%和/或小于约60%、50%、40%、30%、20%、15%、12%、10%、7%、5%重量,并且在另一个实施方案中为约7至约15重量百分比。如果过氧化氢脲是漂白剂,基于所述牙齿增白物质的总量,根据一个特定的实施方案,它可能存在的量为约3%、5%、7%、10%、12%、15%、20%、30%、40%、50%、60%和/或小于约60%、50%、40%、30%、20%、15%、12%、10%、7%、5%重量。发光元件的辐射能量可在所述物质接触牙齿时应用,然而,从发光元件发出的光也可在应用牙齿增白物质之前或之后应用。
在另一个实施方案中,增白物质可以是多组分体系的形式。例如,增白物质可以双组分体系的形式出售或提供。这使组分在使用之前能够互相分离,并且可使漂白功效增加,而存储时间延长。
在此特定的实施方案中,本文称为组分1和组分2的两个组分可在应用之前立刻或立即混合。要理解此实施方案旨在涵盖包含不止两个组分的制剂。混合后超过30分钟增白物质仍可使用,但是,由于过氧化物的分解,其部分或大部分增白效力可能已不存在。
第一个组分,组分1可以是凝胶或糊剂稠度。可添加增稠剂和/或填充剂以获得此稠度。组分1可包含一种或多种金属过氧化物,特别是一价或二价金属的过氧化物。过氧化物的实施例包括过氧化钙、过氧化锌和过氧化钠,同时包括,但不限于,钾、镁和锶的过氧化物的其它过氧化物也适用。在一个实施方案中,过氧化物悬浮或分散在介质中形成混合物,其按重量计为约5%至约40%的金属过氧化物。在另一个实施方案中,过氧化物为按重量计约15至约30%的过氧化物,且在另一个实施方案中,过氧化物为约20%。在一个可供选择的实施方案中,混合物为按重量计约2%至约16%的过氧化物,且在另一个实施方案中过氧化物为按重量计约6%至约10%的过氧化物。组分还可进一步包含一种或几种添加剂以调节流变特性、纹理、风味、香味、颜色或其它性质。用于组分1中的添加剂组分的实施例包括甘油、丙二醇、聚乙二醇和/或聚丙二醇、水、以及前述物质的混合物。在一些实施方案中,将醇添加到介质中。
在可供选择的实施方案中,第一个组分,组分1的金属过氧化物悬浮或分散在液体中形成混合物,其可以是按重量计约8%至约25%的过氧化物,且在另一个实施方案中为按重量计约8%至约15%的过氧化物。
组分2包含一种或多种酸的水溶液或可通过加入增稠剂和/或填充剂调节获得所需稠度(如凝胶或糊剂稠度)的水溶液。适用于本发明的酸包括有机酸,其包括乙酸、酒石酸、磷酸和柠檬酸。组分2中的总酸浓度可以是将金属过氧化物转化成其盐和过氧化氢的化学计量需要量的约30%至约100%,且在另一个实施方案中为化学计量需要量的约50%至约80%。增稠剂的实施例包括黄原胶、聚丙烯酸和纤维素衍生物(例如羧甲基纤维素),而填充剂的实施例包括二氧化硅、硅藻土、矾土和粉末聚乙烯或聚丙烯或其它聚合物。增稠剂和/或填充剂以足够获得所需稠度的量添加。这些相同的增稠剂和填充剂也可用作组分1的添加剂。调节流变特性、纹理、风味、香味和颜色的添加剂也可存在于组分2中。此外,还可将醇或其它水混溶的溶剂加入组分2中。
组分1和2可以相等的比例混合形成增白制剂,尽管根据过氧化物和酸的浓度,该比率可不同于1∶1。
一旦混合后,组分1的过氧化物与组分2的酸水溶液反应就地生成过氧化氢。与本文所述发光牙刷联合使用的增白物质还可包含其它合适的添加剂,如稳定剂、促进剂、碱性化剂、溶剂、芳化剂、甜味剂、增稠剂、粘合剂以及润湿剂。例如,适用的碱性化剂包括氢氧化钠或三乙醇胺,尽管碱性化能力可通过改变钾盐、木糖醇、甜味剂如糖精或环己基磺酸的衍生物、增稠剂如淀粉、黄原胶、胶态二氧化硅和类似物质的衍生物、和润湿剂如甘油的量来调整。每个碱性化添加剂、芳化剂、甜味剂和增稠剂可存在于凝胶物质中,含量为相对于所述物质的总量按重量计约0至约6%之间,而润湿剂存在的量相对于所述物质的总量按重量计介于约40和约80%之间。本发明光活化物质的pH可以介于约4.5和约9.5之间,在另一个实施方案中,介于约5和约8之间,在另一个实施方案中介于约5和约7之间,且在另一个实施方案中介于约5和约6之间。
本文的光活化组合物可包含增稠剂。在一个实施方案中,增稠剂(或粘度调节剂)也可起增加组合物在牙齿上保持力的作用。粘度调节剂还可进一步起抑制组分沉淀和分离或以有利于再分散的方式控制沉淀物的作用,并且可控制组合物的流动性质。粘度调节剂尤其可用于保持颗粒状漂白剂或其它口腔护理活性剂悬浮在本发明组合物中。粘度调节剂存在的含量按所述组合物的重量计为约0.01%至约20%,在一个实施方案中为约0.1%至约10%,且在另一个实施方案中为约1%至约3%,而在另一个实施方案中为约0.4%至约5%。本文合适的粘度调节剂包括天然和合成聚合物与树胶,如纤维素衍生物(例如甲基纤维素、羧甲基纤维素、羟乙基纤维素、羟丙基纤维素等)、卡波姆聚合物(例如聚丙烯酸共聚物或均聚物以及与聚烯基聚醚交联的丙烯酸共聚物)、刺梧桐树胶、瓜耳胶、明胶、褐藻胶、藻酸钠、脱乙酰壳多糖、聚环氧乙烷、丙烯酰胺聚合物、聚乙烯醇、聚胺、聚季化合物、环氧乙烷聚合物、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、阳离子聚丙烯酰胺聚合物以及它们的混合物。在一个实施方案中,增稠剂选自卡波姆,如与季戊四醇烷基醚或蔗糖烷基醚交联的丙烯酸均聚物类。卡波姆以Carbopol系列市售自B,F.Goodrich。在一个实施方案中,丙烯酸聚合物为Carbopol 934、940、941、956,以及它们的混合物。在另一个实施方案中,粘度调节剂是疏水改性的卡波姆。疏水改性的卡波姆可增加本文组合物和/或整体载体在牙齿表面上的保持力,并且减缓组合物应用到牙齿表面后的腐蚀性。合适的疏水改性卡波姆包括丙烯酸酯/C10-C30丙烯酸烷基酯交联聚合物,如Carbopol 1382、Carbopol 1342、Carbopol1392和Carbopol ETD 2020,所有购自BF Goodrich,还包括丙烯酸酯/C10-C30丙烯酸烷基酯交联聚合物如Pemulen TR-1和Pemulen TR-2,两者购自B.F.Goodrich。在一个实施方案中,可使用疏水改性的卡波姆与卡波姆的混合物。在另一个实施方案中,羧基官能性的硅氧烷(二元酸,一元酸)被用于增加漂白剂在牙齿上的保持力。
本发明可与几乎任何牙齿增白物质和/或以下物质联合使用,例如,但不限于美国专利6,488,914、5,851,514、4,980,152、3,657,413、4,983,380、5,084,268、5,171,564、5,376,006、5,645,428、5,713,738、RE 34,196、5,122,365、6,558,654、6,555,020、6,536,628、6,533,582、6,521,215、6,514,543、6,479,037、6,447,757、5,891,453、6,555,020和6,419,905,申请WO 03/007680和USSN 10/154,020中所述的物质。所述物质暴露于光中时显示具有增强的增白功能不是必需的。有益效果可简单地通过在应用增白物质之前将牙齿表面暴露于从电动牙刷中发出的光来得到。此外,附加的有益效果可源于照亮刷洗区域所产生的更大的刷洗或清洁功效。
2.非漂白的牙齿增白和色斑去除剂
为牙齿提供口腔护理有益效果,如增白和/或色斑去除的其它活性物质包括聚合物、溶剂、螯合剂、表面活性剂、和/或酶以及它们的混合物。这些活性物质可活化发色团,并且当与从电动牙刷头部发出的光联合使用时,可产生增白和/或色斑去除。此外,某些活性物质,如聚合物,可用作口腔护理载体来将活性物质递送至口腔表面。聚合物的实施例包括聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、乙烯基吡咯烷酮/乙酸乙烯酯共聚物(“PVP-VA”)、丙烯酸聚合物、Polyox树脂、和/或硅氧烷以及它们的混合物。聚合物可加入到所述牙齿增白和/或色斑去除物质中的量基于牙齿增白物质总量为约0%、5%、10%、30%、30%、40%、50%、60%、70%、80%、90%和/或小于约90%、80%、70%、60%、50%、40%、30%、20%、10%、5%重量。溶剂的实施例包括但不限于:六甲基二硅氮烷(“HMDS”)、乙酸乙酯(“EtAC”)、丙酮、聚二甲基硅氧烷(“PDMS”)、己烷和异十二烷,以及它们的混合物。溶剂可加入到所述牙齿增白和/或色斑去除物质中的量为基于牙齿增白物质总量约0%、5%、10%、30%、30%、40%、50%、60%、70%、80%、90%和/或小于约90%、80%、70%、60%、50%、40%、30%、20%、10%、5%重量。螯合剂的实施例包括,但不限于:焦磷酸盐,包括焦磷酸四钠(“TSPP”)和焦磷酸四钾(“TKPP”);甘氨酸(“Gl-H”);乙二胺四乙酸(“EDTA”);羟乙二膦酸盐(“EHDP”);和/或氨三乙酸(“NTA”)以及它们的混合物。螯合剂可加入到所述牙齿增白和/或色斑去除物质中的量为基于牙齿增白物质总量约0%、2%、3%、5%、10%、30%、30%和/或小于约30%、20%、10%、5%重量。表面活性剂的实施例包括,但不限于:月桂基硫酸钠(“SLS”)、普流罗尼类、聚环氧乙烷、季铵表面活性剂、和/或两性离子表面活性剂以及它们的混合物。表面活性剂可加入到所述牙齿增白和/或色斑去除物质中的量为基于牙齿增白物质总量约0.1%、2%、3%、5%、10%、30%、30%、40%、50%和/或小于约50%、40%、30%、20%、10%、5%重量。酶的实施例包括,但不限于:蛋白酶、碳水化合物、漆酶、glucox、和/或木瓜蛋白酶以及它们的混合物。酶可加入所述牙齿增白和/或色斑去除物质中的量为基于牙齿增白物质总量约0%、1%、2%、3%、4%、5%和/或小于约5%、4%、3%、2%、1%、0.5%重量。
3.光敏剂
促进或加速漂白剂作用的促进剂可包括研磨剂、金属催化剂和光敏剂。这些促进剂可加入所述牙齿增白和/或色斑去除物质中的量为基于牙齿增白物质总量约0%、2%、3%、5%、10%、30%、30%、40%、50%、60%和/或小于约60%、50%、40%、30%、20%、10%、5%重量。合适的研磨剂包括二氧化硅、碳酸钠、磷酸钙以及它们的混合物。金属催化剂包括铜、铁、锰和其它过渡金属离子。一些光敏剂已知为可产生活性氧的化学性质。这些光敏剂可吸收波长为约380nm至约700nm的光或被波长为约380nm至约700nm的光活化。光敏剂或其前体选自:叶绿素,特别是叶绿素a&b,以及细菌叶绿素;玟瑰红;亚甲基蓝;酞菁锌;卟啉,特别是血卟啉、尿卟啉、和四苯基卟啉及其与Zn、Al、Si、Sn的复合物;酞菁及其与Zn、Al、Si、Sn的复合物;以及姜黄素;绿素,特别是细菌绿素;核黄素;胆红素;姜黄素;EDTA;二亚乙基三胺五乙酸(DEPTA);NTA;EHDP;乙二胺四(亚甲基膦酸);和二亚乙基三胺五(亚甲基膦酸)。光敏剂可加入所述牙齿增白物质中的量为基于牙齿增白物质总量约0.1%、0.5%、1%、2%、3%、5%、7%、10%和/或小于约10%、7%、5%、3%、2%、1%、0.5%、0.1%重量。与电子供体如胺和酰胺--EDTA、DTPA、二亚乙基三胺五膦酸、三乙醇胺、三乙基胺、色氨酸、酪氨酸或乙酰苯胺组合使用任何上述敏化剂可生成过氧化物。在另一个实施方案中,纳米尺寸的氧化锌和二氧化钛可用作光敏剂。
在一些实施方案中,可能要求所述发光牙刷和增白物质相“匹配”。也就是说,要求如果所述增白物质暴露于一定波长或波长范围即波段的光时显示具有增强或促进的增白功能,那么从本文所述牙刷的发光元件发出的光的波长与该特定波长相同或基本相同。例如,如果确定一种特定的增白物质用于本文所述的发光牙刷,并且如果该物质暴露于峰值波长为430nm至470nm的光时显示具有增强的效果,则那些与该物质联合使用的牙刷可发出波长在430nm至470nm范围内的光。
4.其它口腔护理活性物质
可用于本发明提供口腔护理有益效果的其它口腔护理活性物质包括,但不限于:亚锡离子;抗微生物剂;抗牙斑剂;抗炎剂;营养物质如矿物质、维生素、口服营养增补剂;抗氧化剂;抗病毒剂;止痛药和麻醉剂;H-2拮抗剂;和其它活性物质如胰岛素、甾体化合物、草本植物和其它植物来源的药物、护肿瘤剂、和抗齿龈炎或齿龈护理剂。这些口腔护理活性物质可加入所述口腔护理物质中的量为基于所述口腔护理物质总量约0.01%、1%、5%、10%、20%、30%、40%和/或小于约40%、30%、20%、10%、5%、1%、0.5%重量。
5.口腔护理载体和胶凝剂
本文所公开的口腔护理物质可包含口腔可接受的口腔护理载体。此外,一些本文所公开的活性物质还可用作口腔护理载体。在一些实施方案中,口腔护理活性物质如聚合物可用作聚合物口腔护理载体,使所述活性物质具有改进的亲和性,进一步使所述口腔护理活性物质粘附在所需的口腔表面,和/或改进口腔护理活性物质至口腔所需表面的递送。对某些活性物质而言,活性物质停留在口腔护理表面的时间越长,可递送的口腔有益效果越大。在一个实施方案中,口腔护理活性物质是光活化的,因此,使用增加活性物质在口腔表面亲和性的聚合物使得所述口腔护理活性物质更多地暴露于光中。延长暴露于光中的时间可使口腔护理有益效果增加。口腔护理载体包含一种或多种相容的固体或液体填充稀释剂或适于局部口服的胶囊包封物质,并且可改进口腔护理活性物质至口腔表面的递送。所述口腔护理载体应当与所述物质中使用的活性物质相容;本文所用的“相容”是指所述物质的组分能够混合而无充分降低所述物质稳定性和/或功效的相互作用。具体地讲,所述口腔护理载体可包括聚合物载体,如美国专利6,682,722和6,589,512以及美国申请10/424,640和10/430,617中所述的那些。适用于本发明的聚合物的实施例包括但不限于:硅橡胶纯胶料和树脂,特别是分子量为约1000至约10,000的硅氧烷树脂;二羧基官能化的聚有机硅氧烷;由一种乙烯基吡咯烷酮单体或混合物(具体地讲,乙烯基吡咯烷酮与乙酸乙烯酯、丙酸乙烯酯或丁酸乙烯酯的共聚物)与一种C1-C19烷基羧酸C2-C12链烯基酯单体或混合物共聚制得的水溶性或水可分散的共聚物;丙烯酸聚合物;Gantrez;和/或聚乙烯吡咯烷酮。
在本发明的一个实施方案中,聚合物载体包含作为基本成分的至少一种羧酸基团官能化的硅氧烷聚合物,以应用于极性表面如牙齿、陶瓷、皮肤、织物、毛发、玻璃和纸上。所述物质在制剂中包含至少约0.1%的羧基官能化的硅氧烷聚合物,该制剂有效地将聚合物沉积在处理表面上。本聚合物包含疏水的硅氧烷主链和包含羧基基团的侧链阴离子部分,并且能够从含水基制剂(如清洁和洗涤剂物质)中和从基本非水基制剂中沉积在表面上。当涂敷于合适的表面上时,包含羧基官能化硅氧烷聚合物的本发明物质在处理表面上形成基本疏水的涂层,所述涂层在其上能够长时间保持。
据信,用于本发明的羧基官能化硅氧烷聚合物将其自身粘附于极性表面,并通过静电相互作用在其上形成涂层,即在聚合物侧链羧基与处理过的表面上的阳离子或其它一些正电荷位点之间形成复合物。例如,就口腔应用而言,据信羧基将和牙齿中存在的钙离子相互作用。就织物而言,可以是与钙离子或纤维素基团的相互作用;就毛发或皮肤而言,可以是与蛋白质残基的相互作用;就玻璃或陶瓷而言,可以是与钙离子和其它金属离子的相互作用。因此,该羧基可用于将硅氧烷聚合物主链固定在表面上,从而对它修饰使其成为疏水的。
聚硅氧烷主链上的官能团侧链包含两个羧基,导致尤其是在表面上(如包含荷正电钙离子的牙齿)聚合物的沉积和保持有所改进。羧基和牙齿表面之间的相互作用是静电性质的相互作用,其中阴离子羧基与荷上正电的钙离子形成了复合物。
用于本发明的二羧酸官能化聚有机硅氧烷具有下式
X(R4R5SiO)p(R6ASiO)qY
其中
X端基代表化学式为R1R2R3SiO-的三有机硅烷氧基端基,或Z端基,其中Z代表-OH;
Y端基代表式为-SiR3R2R1的三有机硅烷基端基,或W端基,其中W代表-H;
R1至R6,其可以相同或不同,各自代表直链或支链的C1-C8的烷基或苯基,优选甲基;
A代表化学式如下的二羧酸基:
其中
B代表具有2至30个碳原子,优选3至8个碳原子的亚烷基残基,其任选被具有1至30个碳原子的一个或多个烷基取代,
R’代表氢原子或具有1至30个碳原子的烷基,
E不存在或为具有1至5个碳原子,优选1至3个碳原子的亚烷基残基,其可任选被具有1至30个碳原子的一个或多个烷基取代;和
M为H、阳离子或具有1至4个碳原子的烷基,其可任选被羟基或烷氧基取代;
p为从0至1000,优选从0至500,更优选从5至200变动的平均值;
q为从1至100,优选从1至50变动的平均值;和
Z端基和W端基的数目与端基X和Y的总数之比为0/100至75/100,
优选为0/100至30/100。
在一个实施方案中,p/q比率为1/3至99/1(对应于相对于甲硅烷氧基单元1%至75%的侧链二元酸基团),在另一个实施方案中,p/q比率为1/1至10/1。其中Z为-OH和/或Y为H的产品为副产物。
二羧基的阳离子盐可为碱金属(钠、钾、锂)盐、碱土金属(钙、钡)盐、未取代或取代的铵(甲铵、二甲铵、三甲铵或四甲基铵、二甲基哌啶)盐或可衍生自链烷醇胺(单乙醇胺、二乙醇胺、三乙醇胺)的盐。
除二羧基的单酯或二酯衍生物(M=烷基)外,本发明还包含酰胺和二酰胺衍生物。
通常本二羧基官能化的硅氧烷聚合物可通过将聚烷基氢化硅氧烷和α-烯属酸酐,二羧基A的前体,借助于有效量的氢化硅烷化金属催化剂(铂),发生氢化硅烷化反应,例如,如在美国专利3,159,601、3,159,662和3,814,730中所描述的,和接着水解该酸酐基团来制备。
具体地讲,相对于来自口腔护理物质如洁齿剂或漱口水的漂白剂递送,具有疏水聚硅氧烷主链和含二羧基基团的侧链部分的本聚合物只适于有利于漂白剂在牙齿上的递送和保持足够长的时间以提供明显的增白有益效果,特别是重复使用所述物质。因此,使用本体聚合物以沉积和保留漂白剂持续的接触时间的本方法代表了一种新型的方法。
在另一个实施方案中,聚合物载体为的乙烯基吡咯烷酮(VP)/乙酸乙烯酯(VA)共聚物,其VP/VA重量比为60/40,平均分子量为约1000至约1,000,000,购自BASF Corp和ISP。VP/VA比率为约30/70至约90/10的共聚物也适用。
本发明的口腔护理物质可以是许多形式,包括凝胶,特别是包括含水凝胶。凝胶是由胶凝剂形成的高粘度基质。如果使用凝胶形式,可使用胶凝作用。可用于本发明的胶凝剂对于口服使用是安全的,不容易溶于唾液中,并且不与掺入其中的口腔护理化合物反应或使其失活。通常,胶凝剂为可膨胀的聚合物。适用于本发明的胶凝剂包括羧基聚甲烯、羧甲基纤维素、羧丙基纤维素、泊洛沙姆、角叉菜胶、胶体硅酸镁铝、羧乙烯基聚合物、和天然树胶如刺梧桐树胶、黄原胶、瓜耳胶、阿拉伯树胶、黄蓍胶,以及它们的混合物。胶凝剂以凝胶形式加入到所述口腔护理物质中的量,且具体的讲加入到牙齿增白物质中的量为基于所述口腔护理物质总量约0.1%、1%、2%、3%、5%、7%、10%、12%、15%和/或小于约15%、12%、10%、8%、7%、5%、3%、2%、1%、0.5%重量。
6.实施例
下列实施例进一步说明了本发明范围内的优选的实施方案。给出这些实施例仅仅是为了说明本发明,而非解释为对本发明的限制,因为在不背离本发明精神或范围的条件下可以对本发明进行许多改变。除非另外指明,所有的成分均以组成的重量百分比表示。
牙膏/洁齿剂实施例
如本发明所述的洁齿剂组合物如下所示。这些组合物使用常规方法制备。
实施例系列1
组分 | 8A | 8B | 8C | 8D | 8E | 8F |
颜料FD&C蓝色#1 | 0.300 | 0.200 | 0.200 | |||
卡波姆956 | 2.000 | 2.000 | 0.300 | 0.300 | ||
柠檬酸 | 0.180 | |||||
风味剂 | 0.900 | 1.100 | 1.000 | 0.900 | 1.200 | 0.800 |
糖精 | 0.300 | 0.400 | 0.450 | 0.400 | 0.300 | 0.350 |
甘油 | 10.000 | 30.000 | 30.000 | 适量 | ||
磷酸二氢钠 | 0.500 | 0.590 | 0.500 | |||
磷酸三钠 | 1.450 | 1.400 | ||||
黄原胶 | 0.475 | 0.500 | ||||
氢氧化钠(50%溶液) | 1.100 | |||||
PEG 40 SDIS | 1.240 | |||||
泊洛沙姆407,NF | 15.000 | 15.000 | 5.000 | |||
粉末聚乙烯 | 20.000 | 15.430 | ||||
二氧化硅 | 10.000 | 20.000 | 15.000 | |||
锡酸钠 | 0.090 | |||||
氟化钠 | 0.243 | 0.243 | 0.243 | 0.243 | 0.243 | 0.243 |
山梨醇(70%溶液) | 50.000 | 40.000 | ||||
烷基硫酸钠(28%溶液) | 3.000 | 4.000 | 5.000 | |||
丙基琥珀酸聚硅氧烷聚合物 | 5.000 | 3.000 | 1.000 | |||
丙基琥珀酸/丙二醇酯聚硅氧烷聚合物 | 3.000 | 2.000 | 4.000 | |||
过氧化脲 | 10.000 | 4.000 | ||||
过氧化氢(35%溶液) | 5.000 | 3.000 | ||||
三氯生 | 0.300 | 0.300 | ||||
氯化十六烷基吡啶 | 0.530 | |||||
维生素E | 2.000 | |||||
水,纯化的USP | 适量 | 适量 | 适量 | 适量 | 适量 |
实施例系列2
成分 | 化学式重量/重量百分比 | 化学式重量/重量百分比 | 化学式重量/重量百分比 | 化学式重量/重量百分比 | 化学式重量/重量百分比 | 化学式重量/重量百分比 |
糖精钠USP(a) | 0.320 | - | 0.50 | 0.70 | 0.50 | 0.50 |
磷酸三钠 | 1.450 | - | - | - | - | - |
黄原胶NF | 0.475 | 6.00 | - | - | -- | - |
氟化钠USP | 0.243 | - | - | - | - | - |
卡波姆956/Pemulen | 0.300 | 2.00 | - | - | - | - |
磷酸二氢钠 | 0.590 | - | - | - | - | - |
山梨醇溶液USP(70%)(b) | 62.242 | - | - | - | - | - |
二氧化硅研磨剂USP | 20.000 | 5.00 | - | - | - | - |
纯化水,USP(b) | 8.980 | - | 60.00 | 24.00 | 60.00 | 60.00 |
月桂基硫酸钠28%溶液 | 4.000 | - | - | - | - | - |
风味剂 | - | - | 1.50 | - | - | |
染料,FD&C蓝色#1溶液(c) | 0.200 | - | - | - | - | - |
聚二甲基硅氧烷(直链PDMS)1×10-5m2/s(10厘沲) | - | 80.00 | - | |||
PDMS(SE 30) | - | 7.00 | - | - | - | - |
乙醇 | - | - | 32.50 | - | - | - |
三聚磷酸钠 | - | - | 2.00 | 5.00 | - | 5.00 |
60/40 PVP/VA | - | - | 5.00 | 5.00 | 5.00 | 5.00 |
丙二醇 | - | - | - | 53.00 | 30.00 | 25.00 |
苯甲酸钠 | - | - | - | 0.32 | - | - |
苯甲酸 | - | - | - | 0.02 | - | - |
泊洛沙姆407 | - | - | - | 10.00 | 4.50 | 4.500 |
木瓜蛋白酶(酶) | - | - | - | - | 0.002 | - |
葡萄糖氧化酶 | - | - | - | - | - | 0.005 |
总计 | 100.00 | 100.00 | 100.00 | 100.00 | 100.00 | 100.00 |
漱口水实施例
如本发明所述的漱口水组合物如下所示。这些组合物使用常规方法制备。
实施例1
成分 | 重量% |
水 | 29.000 |
丙二醇 | 53.459 |
苯甲酸钠 | 0.320 |
苯甲酸 | 0.021 |
糖精钠 | 0.700 |
丙基琥珀酸官能化的聚硅氧烷(AMW=1700) | 5.000 |
泊洛沙姆407 | 10.000 |
风味剂 | 1.500 |
实施例2
成分 | 重量% |
水 | 24.00 |
丙二醇 | 53.46 |
三聚磷酸钠 | 5.000 |
苯甲酸钠 | 0.320 |
苯甲酸 | 0.020 |
糖精钠 | 0.700 |
60/40 PVP/VA | 5.00 |
泊洛沙姆407 | 10.00 |
风味剂 | 1.500 |
实施例3
成分 | 重量% |
纯化水 | 76.638 |
甘油 | 23.000 |
风味剂(冬青) | 0.120 |
糖精 | 1.018 |
CPC | 0.074 |
泊洛沙姆407 | 0.050 |
FD&C蓝色#1 | 0.100 |
实施例4
成分 | 重量% |
纯化水 | 49.568 |
3%H2O2 | 25.000 |
CPC | 0.053 |
泊洛沙姆407 | 0.050 |
PVP/VA | 0.200 |
三氯蔗糖 | 0.010 |
甘油 | 25.000 |
薄荷醇 | 0.040 |
水杨酸甲酯 | 0.07 |
FD&C蓝色#1 | 0.009 |
凝胶实施例
如本发明所述的凝胶组合物如下所示。这些组合物使用常规方法制备。
实施例1
成分 | 重量% |
聚二甲基硅氧烷(直链PDMS)1×10-5m2/s(10厘沲) | 80 |
PDMS(SE30) | 7 |
黄原胶 | 6 |
Pemulen | 2 |
二氧化硅胶体 | 5 |
实施例2
成分 | 重量% |
乙醇 | 32.50 |
水 | 60.00 |
三聚磷酸钠 | 2.00 |
糖精钠 | 0.50 |
60/40 PVP/VA | 5.00 |
实施例3
成分 | 8A | 8B | 8C | 8D | 8E | 8F | 8G |
风味剂 | 0.500 | 0.500 | 0.500 | 0.500 | 0.500 | 0.500 | 0.500 |
糖精 | 0.100 | 0.100 | 0.100 | 0.100 | 0.100 | 0.100 | 0.100 |
丙基琥珀酸聚硅氧烷聚合物(AMW=1700) | 80.000 | 25.000 | 70.000 | 80.000 | |||
丙基琥珀酸聚硅氧烷聚合物 | 75.000 | 66.000 | 75.000 | ||||
过氧化脲 | 10.000 | 15.000 | 20.000 | 15.000 | 15.000 | ||
三氯生 | 3.000 | ||||||
氯化十六烷基吡啶 | 1.00 | ||||||
PEG 600 | 适量 | 适量 | 适量 | 适量 | 适量 | 适量 | 适量 |
实施例4
成分 | 重量% |
甘油 | 70 |
羧基聚甲烯 | 5 |
过氧化氢脲 | 10 |
水(pH 6.5) | 15 |
C.口腔护理物质递送装置
存在多种装置,用于将口腔护理物质递送至口腔表面,这些装置包括,但不限于,料条、牙托和/或涂刷涂敷器。在一个实施方案中,如图18所示,口腔护理物质通过递送体系1100递送至口腔表面,所述递送体系包括使用之前基本扁平的料条1102。所述料条上涂敷或涂覆的是口腔护理物质1104,如图19所示。口腔护理物质1104可以均匀且连续地涂覆在料条1102上,如图20所示。可供选择地,口腔护理物质1104可以是组分的层压或分离层、组分的无定形混合物、不同组分的分离带或点或其它图案、或这些结构的组合,所述结构包括沿一部分料条1102纵向轴线1114的口腔护理物质的连续涂层。图21和22显示了应用于牙齿1110和多个邻近牙齿1108表面的递送体系1106。牙齿1110显示嵌入在邻近软组织1112中。在本文中,邻近软组织被定义为围绕牙齿结构的软组织表面,包括:乳突、边缘齿龈、齿龈沟、内齿龈、舌面和颊面上的齿龈结构,上至并且包括粘膜-齿龈接合处和垫衬。在图21和22中,递送体系1106包括料条1102,并且还包括在该料条朝向邻近多个牙齿1108或一个牙齿1110一侧上的口腔护理物质1104。可将口腔护理物质预先涂敷在牙齿上,然后用该料条覆盖,或者可将口腔护理物质涂敷在料条上,然后应用于牙齿上。在口腔表面上使用递送体系1100一分钟至约8小时。在另一个实施方案中,在牙齿上使用该料条约一分钟至约120分钟。在另一个实施方案中,在牙齿上使用该料条约30分钟至约60分钟。
适用于本发明方法中的料条的实施例包括,但不限于,美国专利6,096,328、6,136.297、6,045,811、5,989,569、5,894,017、5,891,453、5,879,691、6,277,458、6,287,120和6,343,932中所公开的料条。
也可使用漂白牙托(如漂白牙托)为口腔表面提供口腔护理物质。牙托1200(如图22至23所示)可装上口腔护理物质1202,然后面向牙齿1204放置。适用于本发明方法中的托盘的实施例包括,但不限于,美国专利5,846,058、5,816,802和5,895,218中所述的那些,和其它预装填装置如美国专利5,310,563中所述的那些。
此外,可使用涂敷器将所述口腔护理物质涂刷在口腔的所需表面上。递送装置可包括一个用于上牙的和一个用于下牙的。所述递送装置可以是一次性的或可重复使用的。
D.递送口腔护理有益效果的方法
当单独使用或与口腔物质联合使用时,本发明的电动牙刷可用于递送口腔有益效果。在一些实施方案中,牙齿用口腔护理物质预处理。此预处理使口腔护理物质进一步吸收在口腔护理表面,如牙齿内,因此可增加当所述口腔表面暴露于光中时所得的口腔护理有益效果。
在一个实施方案中,本发明包括一种方法,其中将均匀的口腔护理物质涂层涂敷到递送装置上,然后可将所述口腔护理物质连同所述递送装置应用于所需的口腔表面,如多个邻近牙齿、齿龈、和/或任何其它口腔表面。然后从口腔表面上取下所述递送装置,随后把一定量的所述口腔护理物质留在口腔表面上。当料条取下后保留在牙齿上的那部分口腔护理物质可以是所述牙齿增白物质的约0.1%、0.5%、1%、2%、5%、10%、15%、20%、30%、40%、50%、60%、70%、80%、90%至约100%、90%、80%、70%、60%、50%、40%、30%、20%、15%、10%、5%。然后使用前述的口腔护理工具刷牙;将口腔表面暴露于从该口腔护理工具头部发出的光中。此外,洁齿剂可与口腔护理工具一起使用以清洁口腔的表面。如果需要,可在应用口腔护理物质之前和/或之后对口腔表面进行清洁。
在另一个实施方案中,本发明包括一种使牙齿增白的方法。该方法包括将牙齿增白物质涂敷到递送装置上,然后借助于递送装置将该物质应用于多个牙齿上,或可供选择地,将该物质直接涂敷于牙齿上,然后,如果需要,将递送装置如牙托和/或料条放在该物质上。牙齿增白物质可包含约5%至约50%的牙齿增白活性物质,并且放置该物质与牙齿接触。递送装置可在牙齿上停留约2分钟、4分钟、6分钟、8分钟、10分钟、15分钟、20分钟、25分钟、30分钟、35分钟、40分钟、45分钟、50分钟、55分钟、60分钟至小于约60分钟、55分钟、50分钟、45分钟、40分钟、35分钟、30分钟、25分钟、20分钟、15分钟、10分钟、5分钟。然后取下所述递送装置,将至少一部分牙齿增白物质保留在牙齿上。当料条取下后保留在牙齿上的那部分牙齿增白物质可以是所述牙齿增白物质的约0.1%、0.5%、1%、2%、5%、10%、15%、20%、30%、40%、50%、60%、70%、80%、90%至约100%、90%、80%、70%、60%、50%、40%、30%、20%、15%、10%、5%。
在另一个实施方案中,所述递送装置是一个其上设置有牙齿增白物质均匀涂层的料条。将该料条应用于牙齿上,该递送装置可在牙齿上停留约2分钟、4分钟、6分钟、8分钟、10分钟、15分钟、20分钟、25分钟、30分钟、35分钟、40分钟、45分钟、50分钟、55分钟、60分钟至小于约60分钟、55分钟、50分钟、45分钟、40分钟、35分钟、30分钟、25分钟、20分钟、15分钟、10分钟、5分钟。当将料条从牙齿取下时,该料条释放约0.1%至约80%的牙齿增白物质,使多个牙齿具有设置在其上的牙齿增白物质涂层。然后用电动牙刷刷牙,该电动牙刷包括头部、柄部、活动刷毛载体、和设置在牙刷头部并从牙刷头部发光的发光元件。可用该电动牙刷刷牙约30秒、1分钟、1.5分钟、2分钟、4分钟、5分钟、8分钟和/或小于约8分钟、5分钟、4分钟、3分钟、2分钟、1.5分钟、1分钟、30秒。该发光元件可发出波长为约420nm至约470nm的光。此方法一天可进行约1至约4次,持续约1至约8周。此外,可使用此方法来代替每天的口腔护理方法,并且可连续使用以减少和防止牙齿变色。
在另一个实施方案中,借助递送装置或涂敷器将牙齿增白物质的均匀涂层设置在牙齿上,然后使至少一部分牙齿增白物质停留在牙齿上过夜。可用按照本发明所制的发光电动牙刷刷牙约30秒、1分钟、1.5分钟、2分钟、4分钟、5分钟、8分钟和/或小于约8分钟、5分钟、4分钟、3分钟、2分钟、1.5分钟、1分钟、30秒。
在另一个实施方案中,在暴露于电动牙刷发出的光中之前和/或之后使用漱口水处理口腔表面。该漱口水包含增白活性物质和为该牙齿增白活性物质提供亲和性、和/或有助于将所述牙齿增白活性物质粘附在牙齿表面上的聚合物。然后使用前述的口腔护理工具刷牙;将口腔表面暴露于从该口腔护理工具头部发出的光中。
上述方法一天可重复约1次、2次、3次、4次至约5次、4次、3次、2次、1次,持续约1天至约8周。此外,上述方法可在长时期内使用,例如代替每天的口腔护理方法。除了去除色斑、牙斑和细菌以外,如果使用所述方法来代替每天的口腔护理方法,还可防止其它牙齿变色、牙斑、和/或龋齿的形成。
E.成套产品
所述电动牙刷可以套盒的形式包装,所述套盒包含口腔护理物质和/或一个或多个包含发光元件的可替换头部。因此这些头部可以是替换品,或者单独地分配给家庭的不同成员。因此通常一个套盒内的不同头部的一部分存在颜色差别。尽管柄部是按电池供电论述的,本发明也包括其它熟知的电源供应,如用于电源插座连接的电线或可充电电池和相关的炭刷架/充电器(未示出)。所述套盒还可包括一个或多个包装好的、光活化的口腔物质,如包装好的牙齿增白组合物。此外,所述套盒还可包括其它非光活化的口腔护理物质和不包括发光元件的牙刷头部。
所有引用文献的相关部分均引入本文以供参考;任何文献的引用不可解释为对其作为本发明的现有技术的认可。
尽管已用具体实施方案来说明和描述了本发明,但对于本领域的技术人员显而易见的是,在不背离本发明的精神和保护范围的情况下可作出许多其它的变化和修改。因此,有意识地在附加的权利要求书中包括本发明范围内的所有这些变化和修改。
Claims (10)
1.一种提供牙齿增白有益效果的方法,所述方法包括:
(a)将口腔护理物质(1104,1202)的均匀涂层涂敷到递送装置(1100,1200)上;
(b)将其上设置有所述物质的所述递送装置应用于多个牙齿(1108)的表面,使得所述物质接触所述表面,所述物质将活性物质提供到所述多个牙齿上;
(c)从所述牙齿上取下所述递送装置,然后将所述口腔护理物质的至少一部分从所述递送装置释放到所述多个牙齿上;
(d)用电动牙刷(10)刷洗所述多个牙齿,所述电动牙刷包括头部(16,95,316,516,616,716,816,1016)、柄部(10,12,1012)、活动刷毛载体(320)和电动元件(74),其中所述电动元件设置在所述牙刷的所述头部上,并从所述牙刷的所述头部发出能量。
2.如权利要求1所述的方法,其中所述电动元件为发光元件(75),优选地其中所述发光元件为发光二极管。
3.如权利要求1至2中任一项所述的方法,其中从所述牙刷的所述头部发出的所述光的波长为420nm至470nm,并且从所述牙刷的所述头部发出的所述光的通量密度为20mW/cm2至300mW/cm2。
4.如权利要求1至3中任一项所述的方法,其中所述口腔护理物质包含活性物质,所述活性物质选自牙齿增白物质、牙斑去除物质、磷酸盐、氟离子来源、抗微生物剂、抗炎剂、营养物质、酶、口和喉产品、抗氧化剂、H-2拮抗剂、以及它们的混合物。
5.如权利要求1至4中任一项所述的方法,其中所述牙齿增白和色斑去除物质包含活性物质,所述活性物质选自聚合物、溶剂、螯合剂、表面活性剂和酶,以及它们的混合物。
6.如权利要求1至5中任一项所述的方法,其中所述牙齿增白和色斑去除物质包含被波长为380nm至700nm的光活化的光敏剂,优选地其中所述光敏剂为酞菁锌。
7.如权利要求1至6中任一项所述的方法,其中所述牙齿增白物质包含活性物质,所述活性物质选自过氧化氢、过氧化脲、过氧酸、过氧酸前体、二酰基过氧化物以及它们的混合物,优选地其中所述牙齿增白物质存在的量为3%至60%,更优选地其中所述牙齿增白物质存在的量为3%至15%。
8.如权利要求1至7中任一项所述的方法,所述方法还包括用包含口腔护理物质的漱口水漱洗所述口腔,优选地其中所述漱口水包含聚合物。
9.如权利要求1至8中任一项所述的方法,其中所述牙齿增白物质包含两个或多个分离相。
10.如权利要求1至9中任一项所述的方法,其中所述递送装置选自料条和牙托,其中所述递送装置在所述牙齿上停留2至60分钟。
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-
2004
- 2004-04-26 US US10/832,168 patent/US20050053895A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2004-05-17 US US10/847,429 patent/US7845039B2/en active Active
- 2004-09-09 CN CNA2004800246025A patent/CN1842307A/zh active Pending
- 2004-09-09 CN CN2004800245357A patent/CN1842305B/zh not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2004-09-09 CN CNA2004800245342A patent/CN1842304A/zh active Pending
- 2004-09-09 CN CN2004800245253A patent/CN1842303B/zh not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2004-09-09 CN CNA2004800245817A patent/CN1842306A/zh active Pending
-
2007
- 2007-08-15 US US11/893,338 patent/US20070298371A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2007-08-15 US US11/893,339 patent/US20070298372A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2007-08-15 US US11/893,337 patent/US20070298370A1/en not_active Abandoned
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN1842305B (zh) | 2012-03-21 |
US7845039B2 (en) | 2010-12-07 |
US20050050658A1 (en) | 2005-03-10 |
CN1842303A (zh) | 2006-10-04 |
CN1842306A (zh) | 2006-10-04 |
US20070298372A1 (en) | 2007-12-27 |
CN1842307A (zh) | 2006-10-04 |
CN1842303B (zh) | 2010-09-01 |
US20070298371A1 (en) | 2007-12-27 |
US20070298370A1 (en) | 2007-12-27 |
CN1842304A (zh) | 2006-10-04 |
US20050053895A1 (en) | 2005-03-10 |
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