CN1754253A - 非晶硅晶化设备及方法 - Google Patents
非晶硅晶化设备及方法 Download PDFInfo
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- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 229910021417 amorphous silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 16
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 68
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000003760 hair shine Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 16
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 8
- 229910021420 polycrystalline silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 229920005591 polysilicon Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000005669 field effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000003376 silicon Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 2
- SYHGEUNFJIGTRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylenedioxypyrovalerone Chemical compound C=1C=C2OCOC2=CC=1C(=O)C(CCC)N1CCCC1 SYHGEUNFJIGTRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910021419 crystalline silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
一种硅晶化系统,包括光束产生器,用于产生激光束;第一和第二光学单元,用于控制来自光束产生器的激光束;和台架,用于安装平板,该平板包括将被来自光学单元的激光束多晶化的非晶硅层。第一光学单元使激光束具有横边和比该横边长的纵边,且第二光学单元使激光束具有横边和比该横边短的纵边。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种多晶化(polyscrystallization)的系统和方法,且特别涉及一种形成薄膜晶体管阵列板的多晶硅层的系统和方法。
背景技术
通常,硅基于其结晶状态被分为非晶硅和晶体硅。由于非晶硅可以在低温下淀积形成薄膜,其经常用于形成在液晶显示屏的玻璃基板上的薄膜晶体管(TFT),该基板具有低的熔点。
然而,非晶硅薄膜具有例如低的场效应迁移率(field mobility)的缺点,因此需要具有约为30cm2/V·sec的高场效应迁移率、高频工作特性和低漏电流的多晶硅。
多晶硅薄膜的电学特性显著地受到晶粒尺寸的影响。例如,大晶粒给出较高的场效应迁移率。
有人建议利用激光束使用连续横向结晶(sequential lateral solidification,SLS)横向生长晶粒以获得大晶粒。
该技术利用了如下事实:在邻近固相区的液相区内的晶粒生长开始于液相区与固相区的界面处,并沿垂直于该界面的方向进行。在SLS技术中,激光束穿过具有多个彼此偏离排列的狭缝形透射区的掩模,并熔化非晶硅以形成具有该狭缝形状的液相区。然后,该液相非晶硅变冷以被晶化。如上所述,晶粒生长开始于液相区和固相区的界面处,该界面未被暴露于激光束,并沿垂直于该界面的方向进行,并且当晶粒在所述液相区中心汇合时晶粒停止生长。SLS可以通过沿与晶粒生长方向垂直的方向移动掩模而结晶整个薄膜。
同时,激光束具有由光学设备决定的形状和能量,该光学设备仅能产生激光束的单一形状和单一能量。因此,难以获得适合各种区域的形状和能量。
发明内容
提供了一种硅晶化系统,其包括:产生激光束的光束产生器;多个第一和第二光学单元,用于控制来自光束产生器的激光;和台架,用于安装平板,该平板包括将被来自光学单元的激光束晶化的非晶硅层,其中第一和第二光学单元使得激光束具有不同形状。
第一光学单元可以使激光束具有横边和比该横边长的纵边,且第二光学单元可以使激光束具有横边和比该横边短的纵边。来自第一和第二光学单元的激光束可以具有矩形形状。
所述平板可以包括显示屏,该显示屏包括显示区、栅极驱动电路区和数据驱动电路区。
优选地,该显示区和栅极驱动电路区被由第一光学单元控制的激光束照射,且该数据驱动电路区被由第二光学单元控制的激光束照射。更优选地,该显示区和栅极驱动电路区通过两次照射掩模(two shot mask)被照射,且该数据驱动电路区通过多次照射掩模(multi-shot mask)被照射。
该两次照射掩模可以具有多个狭缝,用于限定透射激光束的区域并形成两列,且该两列中的狭缝可以优选地以等于该狭缝宽度的距离偏离。
该多次照射掩模可以具有多个狭缝,用于限定透射激光束的区域并形成三列或更多列,且列中的狭缝可以优选地以等于或小于该狭缝宽度一半的距离偏离。
该硅晶化系统还可以包括位置控制器以设置第一和第二光学单元。
提供了一种硅晶化系统,其包括:产生激光的光束产生器;分束器,用于将激光分为多个子束(beamlet);多个第一和第二光学单元,用于控制来自该分束器的子束;和台架,用于安装平板,该平板包括将被来自光学单元的子束晶化的非晶硅层,其中第一和第二光学单元使得子束具有不同形状。
第一光学单元可以使子束具有横边和比该横边长的纵边,且第二光学单元可以使子束具有横边和比该横边短的纵边。来自第一和第二光学单元的子束可以具有矩形形状。
所述平板可以包括显示屏,该显示屏包括显示区、栅极驱动电路区和数据驱动电路区。
优选地,该显示区和栅极驱动电路区被由第一光学单元控制的子束照射,且该数据驱动电路区被由第二光学单元控制的子束照射。更优选地,该显示区和栅极驱动电路区通过两次照射掩模被照射,且该数据驱动电路区通过多次照射掩模被照射。
该两次照射掩模可以具有多个狭缝,用于限定透射子束的区域并形成两列,且该两列中的狭缝优选地以等于该狭缝宽度的距离偏离。
该多次照射掩模可以具有多个狭缝,用于限定透射子束的区域并形成三列或更多列,且相邻列中的狭缝优选地以等于或小于该狭缝宽度一半的距离偏离。
提供了一种硅晶化方法,其包括:在基板上淀积非晶硅层,该非晶硅层具有显示区、栅极驱动电路区和数据驱动电路区;通过具有多个用于透射第一激光束的狭缝的第一掩模将第一激光束照射到该非晶硅层的显示区和栅极驱动电路区;通过具有多个用于透射第二激光束的狭缝的第二掩模将第二激光束照射到该非晶硅的数据驱动电路区;和晶化该非晶硅层,其中第一和第二激光束的形状不同。
该第一激光束可以具有横边和比该横边长的纵边,且该第二激光束可以具有横边和比该横边短的纵边。
第一和第二掩模的狭缝形成多列,且列中的狭缝是偏离的。优选地,第一掩模中的狭缝形成两列且第二掩模中的狭缝形成至少三列。
第一和第二激光束由单一的初始激光束选择性地产生,或者通过分束单一的初始激光束而同时产生。
附图说明
通过参照附图详细描述实施例,本发明将变得更为清楚,在附图中:
图1是根据本发明的一实施例的硅晶化系统的示意图;
图2是根据本发明的一实施例的液晶显示屏的平面图;
图3图解示出了通过照射激光束将非晶硅晶化为多晶硅的两次照射SLS工艺;
图4示出了通过两次照射SLS工艺形成的多晶硅的晶粒;
图5示出了在两次照射SLS工艺中两次照射掩模的移动;
图6示出了在多次照射SLS工艺中六次照射掩模的移动;
图7是根据本发明的另一实施例的硅晶化系统的示意图;
图8是根据本发明的一实施例的图7所示的硅晶化系统的分束器的示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将参照附图更充分地描述本发明,附图中示出了本发明的优选实施例。然而,本发明可以被实施为多种形式,且不应该理解为局限于此处提出的实施例。
在附图中,为清楚起见放大了层、膜和区的厚度。相同的数字始终指的是相同元件。应该理解,当一个元件例如层、膜、区或基板被提到是在另一个元件“上”时,它可以是直接位于该另一个元件上或者存在插入元件。相反,当一个元件被提到是“直接”在另一个元件“上”,则不存在插入元件。
下面,将参照附图描述根据本发明实施例的硅晶化的系统和方法。
参照图1到6详细描述了根据本发明一个实施例的硅晶化系统。
图1是根据本发明一实施例的硅晶化系统的示意图,且图2是根据本发明一实施例的液晶显示屏的平面图。
参照图1,根据本实施例的硅晶化系统包括产生激光束1的激光产生器10;多个光学单元20,用于控制从激光产生器10产生的激光束的形状和能量;以及位置控制器40,用于控制光学单元20的位置。该硅晶化系统还包括台架30,用于安装液晶屏100且被来自光学单元20的激光束1照射。
该光学单元20包括第一光学单元21和第二光学单元22,该第一光学单元21用于使激光束1成为具有矩形截面的形状,该矩形截面具有短的横边和长的纵边,第二光学单元22用于使激光束1成为具有矩形截面的形状,该矩形截面具有长的横边和短的纵边。该第一和第二光学单元21和22包括多个用于各种形状和尺寸的激光束1的光学子单元。
选择所述光学子单元中的一个并通过位置控制器40将其设置在光束产生器10与台架30之间。
该液晶屏100包括绝缘基板110和非晶硅层150,该非晶硅层设置在该绝缘基板110上,将通过来自光束产生器10的激光束被多晶化。液晶屏100包括显示区101和外围区,该外围区包括栅极驱动电路区102和数据驱动电路区103。该数据驱动电路区103被提供有需要高性能TFT的模数(A/D)转换器(未示出)和数模(D/A)转换器(未示出)。
根据本发明的一个实施例,显示区101和栅极驱动电路区102通过确保大产量的两次照射SLS工艺被晶化,而数据驱动电路区103通过确保高性能TFT和大产量的三次照射或更多次照射(后面称为“多次照射”)SLS工艺被晶化。
首先,参照图3到5以及图1和2描述了根据本发明一实施例的两次照射SLS工艺。
图3图解示出了通过照射激光束将非晶硅晶化为多晶硅的两次照射SLS工艺,图4示出了通过两次照射SLS工艺形成的多晶硅的晶粒,图5示出了在两次照射SLS工艺中两次照射掩模的移动;
参照图2和3,两次照射SLS工艺示出了激光束1通过包括多个具有狭缝形的透射区310的两次照射掩模300照到显示区101或栅极驱动电路区103上的非晶硅层150的曝光区。
如图5中所示,两次照射掩模300在纵向延伸,且这样激光束1优选具有与掩模300同样的形状。因此,在光束产生器10与台架30之间设置了第一光学单元21的一个光学子单元,如图1所示。
两次照射掩模300的狭缝310在横向延伸且具有宽度W,且它们形成排列在横向的两列G和H。每列中的狭缝310以预定距离彼此分开,该预定距离优选等于狭缝310的宽度W,且两列中的狭缝310以优选等于狭缝310宽度W的距离偏离。该两次照射掩模300覆盖该非晶硅层150的曝光区。
该非晶硅层150面对透射区310且被激光束照射的部分被完全熔化以形成液相区210,而以附图标记220注明的部分保持为固相。液相区210的宽度和长度等于狭缝310的宽度和长度。晶粒生长开始于液相区210与固相区220的界面230处,沿着界面230的法线方向A。生长的晶粒在液相区210的中面231汇合且晶粒生长在该处停止。
一旦曝光步骤(也称为照射)完成,该两次照射掩模300以等于狭缝310长度的距离,即等于该两次照射掩模300宽度的一半的距离,在狭缝310长度方向上移动。然后,先前步骤中的曝光区与本次曝光步骤的曝光区部分交叠。即,先前曝光区的右半部变成本次曝光区的左半部再次经历曝光,且在先前曝光区右半部的固相区220被激光束照射而变成液相区。因此,在这两个连续曝光步骤中非晶硅层的所有交叠区都被多晶化了,且在该两个曝光步骤中形成的晶粒具有等于狭缝310宽度W的宽度。
所述曝光步骤从左到右重复,且激光束从左到右扫描。在扫描到达非晶硅层150的右边缘处后,该两次照射掩模300以其长度距离向下移动,且扫描也向下移动。之后,掩模300的移动和所述扫描从右向左进行。
这样,非晶硅层150的所有区域都被多晶化了。
将参照图6以及图1和2详细描述多次照射SLS工艺。
多次照射SLS工艺通过多次照射完全晶化非晶硅层150的预定区域,优选三到六次照射。可以进行七次和更多次照射以获得高性能的TFT。术语“多次照射”在本说明书中表示三次或更多次照射。
图6示出了在多次照射SLS工艺中六次照射掩模的移动。
参照图6,六次照射掩模600具有多个狭缝形透射区610,该透射区在横向延伸并形成六列G、H、I、J、K和L列G、H、I、J、K或L中的每个都包括一对狭缝611g和612g、611h和612h、611i和612i、611j和612j、611k和612k或611l和612l,每对狭缝以优选两倍于狭缝610宽度的预定距离彼此分开。相邻两列G、H、I、J、K和L中的狭缝610以优选等于或小于狭缝610宽度一半的预定距离相偏离,且从左到右像下降的台阶一样排列。最后一列L中的狭缝611l和第一列G中的狭缝612g也以优选等于或大于狭缝610宽度一半的预定距离偏离。列G、H、I、J、K或L中的每个所包括狭缝610的数目可以是一个、三个或更多个。
六次照射掩模600沿横向延伸,且这样激光束1优选具有与掩模600相同的形状。因此,在光束产生器10与台架30之间设置了第二光学单元22的一个光学子单元。
覆盖位于数据驱动电路区102上的非晶硅层150的曝光区的掩模600与该非晶硅层150对准,且激光束1通过该掩模600照射以进行多晶化。然后,当列G、H、I、J、K或L中的每个中的狭缝610之间的距离是狭缝610的宽度两倍时,该曝光区的三分之一被晶化。在多晶化以后,掩模600以等于狭缝610的长度,即等于掩模600宽度的六分之一的距离沿狭缝610的长度方向移动。然后,先前曝光区中右边的六分之五与本次曝光步骤中的曝光区交叠。当相邻列中的狭缝610以狭缝610宽度的一半的预定距离偏离时,在先前照射中未被曝光部分的四分之一以及在先前照射中被曝光的部分的一半被激光束1照射以多晶化。详细地说,非晶硅层150面对狭缝611k的区域包括在先前照射中未被暴露于激光束1的上半部,和在先前照射中被通过狭缝611l的激光束1照射的下半部。在本次照射中区域下半部的晶粒生长开始于位于其下面的且在先前照射中形成的晶粒的边界处,并沿向上的方向进行,该方向与晶粒生长方向相同。结果,在先前照射中形成的晶粒以等于狭缝610宽度一半的宽度向上延伸。
在六次曝光步骤中晶粒生长持续进行,且晶粒具有三倍于狭缝610宽度的宽度。多晶硅中的大晶粒使得可以获得具有高载流子迁移率的TFT。
类似地,n次照射SLS工艺形成具有等于n/2倍狭缝宽度的宽度的晶粒。
参照图7和8详细描述了根据本发明另一实施例的硅晶化系统。
图7是根据本发明的另一实施例的硅晶化系统的示意图,且图8是根据本发明的一实施例的图7所示的硅晶化系统的分束器的示意图。
参照图7,根据本实施例的硅晶化系统包括产生激光束1的激光束产生器10;分束器50,用于将来自光束产生器10的激光束1分成具有相同能量的多个子束2;多个光学单元20,用于控制来自分束器50的子束2的形状和能量;和台架30,用于安装液晶屏100且被来自光学单元20的子束2照射。
如图8所示,分束器50包括多个,例如第1到第n个设置于其中的反射镜M1-Mn。M1-Mn中每个反射镜与激光束1行进方向呈大约45度角。第1反射镜M1部分透射激光束1以产生具有等于入射到分束器50上的激光束1能量的1/n能量的子束2,并部分反射该入射光束以产生具有入射光束1的剩余部分(1-1/n)能量的激光束。在第二反射镜到第(n-1)反射镜M2到Mn-1中,每个都部分透射从前一反射镜M1-Mn-2反射的入射激光束以产生具有等于激光束1能量1/n的能量的子束2,并部分地反射该入射光束以产生具有该入射光束能量剩余部分的输出光束。那么,来自第i个反射镜(1<i<n)的输出光束具有等于初始激光束1能量的(1-i/n)的能量。最后,第n个反射镜Mn完全反射具有初始激光束1能量1/n的能量的入射光束以产生分束2。
该光学单元20包括第一光学单元21和第二光学单元22,该第一光学单元21用于使子束2成为具有矩形截面的形状,该矩形截面具有短的横边和长的纵边,第二光学单元22用于使子束2成为具有矩形截面的形状,该矩形截面具有长的横边和短的纵边。该第一和第二光学单元21和22包括多个用于各种形状和尺寸的激光束1的光学子单元。
来自第一和第二光学单元21和22的子束2被同时照射到非晶硅层150上。例如,来自第一光学单元21的子束2通过两次照射掩模被照射到显示区101和栅极驱动电路区102,而来自第二个第一光学单元22的(多个)子束2通过多次照射掩模被照射到数据驱动电路区103上。
该硅晶化系统和方法采用多个光学单元选择性地或同时照射具有各种形状和能量的激光束,因此提高了器件产量和特性。
虽然参照优选实施例详细描述了本发明,然而本领域的技术人员应该理解,可以在不脱离所附权利要求书提出的本发明的精神和范畴的范围内,对本发明进行各种改进和替换。
Claims (27)
1、一种硅晶化系统,包括:
光束产生器,产生激光束;
第一和第二光学单元,用于控制来自所述光束产生器的激光束;和
台架,用于安装平板,该平板包括将被来自所述光学单元的激光束多晶化的非晶硅层,
其中所述第一和第二光学单元使得所述激光束具有不同形状。
2、如权利要求1所述的硅晶化系统,其中所述第一光学单元使得激光束具有横边和比该横边长的纵边,且所述第二光学单元使得激光束具有横边和比该横边短的纵边。
3、如权利要求2所述的硅晶化系统,其中来自所述第一和第二光学单元的激光束具有矩形形状。
4、如权利要求3所述的硅晶化系统,其中所述平板包括显示屏,该显示屏包括显示区、栅极驱动电路区和数据驱动电路区。
5、如权利要求4所述的硅晶化系统,其中所述显示区和栅极驱动电路区被由第一光学单元控制的激光束照射,且数据驱动电路区被由第二光学单元控制的激光束照射。
6、如权利要求5所述的硅晶化系统,其中所述显示区和栅极驱动电路区通过两次照射掩模被照射,且所述数据驱动电路区通过多次照射掩模被照射。
7、如权利要求6所述的硅晶化系统,其中所述两次照射掩模具有多个狭缝,用于限定透射激光束的区域并形成两列,且两列中的狭缝是偏离的。
8、如权利要求7所述的硅晶化系统,其中两列中的所述狭缝以等于该狭缝宽度的距离相偏离。
9、如权利要求6所述的硅晶化系统,其中所述多次照射掩模具有多个狭缝,用于限定透射激光束的区域并形成三列或更多列,且诸列中的狭缝是偏离的。
10、如权利要求9所述的硅晶化系统,其中在相邻列中的所述狭缝以等于或小于该狭缝宽度一半的距离相偏离。
11、如权利要求1所述的硅晶化系统,还包括位置控制器,用于设置所述第一和第二光学单元。
12、一种硅晶化系统,包括:
光束产生器,产生激光束;
分束器,用于将所述激光束分成多个子束;
第一和第二光学单元,用于控制来自所述分束器的子束;和
台架,用于安装平板,该平板包括将被来自光学单元的子束多晶化的非晶硅层,
其中所述第一和第二光学单元使得所述激光束具有不同形状。
13、如权利要求12所述的硅晶化系统,其中所述第一光学单元使得所述子束具有横边和比该横边长的纵边,且所述第二光学单元使得所述子束具有横边和比该横边短的纵边。
14、如权利要求13所述的硅晶化系统,其中来自第一和第二光学单元的子束具有矩形形状。
15、如权利要求14所述的硅晶化系统,其中所述平板包括显示屏,该显示屏包括显示区、栅极驱动电路区和数据驱动电路区。
16、如权利要求15所述的硅晶化系统,其中所述显示区和栅极驱动电路区被由第一光学单元控制的子束照射,且数据驱动电路区被由第二光学单元控制的子束照射。
17、如权利要求16所述的硅晶化系统,其中所述显示区和栅极驱动电路区通过两次照射掩模被照射,且所述数据驱动电路区通过多次照射掩模被照射。
18、如权利要求17所述的硅晶化系统,其中所述两次照射掩模具有多个狭缝,用于限定透射所述子束的区域并形成两列,且两列中的狭缝是偏离的。
19、如权利要求18所述的硅晶化系统,其中在两列中的所述狭缝以等于该狭缝宽度的距离相偏离。
20、如权利要求19所述的硅晶化系统,其中所述多次照射掩模具有多个狭缝,用于限定透射所述子束的区域并形成三列或更多列,且相邻列中的狭缝是偏离的。
21、如权利要求20所述的硅晶化系统,其中在相邻列中的所述狭缝以等于或小于该狭缝宽度一半的距离相偏离。
22、一种硅晶化方法,该方法包括:
在基板上淀积非晶硅层,该非晶硅层包括显示区、栅极驱动电路区和数据驱动电路区;
通过第一掩模将第一激光束照射到所述非晶硅层的显示区和栅极驱动电路区上,该第一掩模具有多个用于透射所述第一激光束的狭缝;
通过第二掩模将第二激光束照射到所述非晶硅层的数据驱动电路区上,该第二掩模具有多个用于透射所述第二激光束的狭缝;和
晶化所述非晶硅层,
其中所述第一和第二激光束的形状是不同的。
23、如权利要求22所述的方法,其中所述第一激光束具有横边和比该横边长的纵边,且所述第二激光束具有横边和比该横边短的纵边。
24、如权利要求23所述的方法,其中所述第一和第二掩模的狭缝形成多列,且诸列中的狭缝是偏离的。
25、如权利要求24所述的方法,其中所述第一掩模的狭缝形成两列,且所述第二掩模的狭缝形成至少三列。
26、如权利要求22所述的方法,其中从单一初始激光束选择性地产生所述第一和第二激光束。
27、如权利要求22所述的方法,其中通过分束单一初始激光束同时产生所述第一和第二激光束。
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KR1020030011643 | 2003-02-25 | ||
KR1020030011643A KR100956339B1 (ko) | 2003-02-25 | 2003-02-25 | 규소 결정화 시스템 및 규소 결정화 방법 |
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US (1) | US7879700B2 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP4564486B2 (zh) |
KR (1) | KR100956339B1 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN100437940C (zh) |
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CN102339739A (zh) * | 2010-07-16 | 2012-02-01 | 三星移动显示器株式会社 | 激光照射装置 |
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- 2004-02-24 JP JP2006502716A patent/JP4564486B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2004-02-24 WO PCT/KR2004/000382 patent/WO2004077544A1/en active Application Filing
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Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN102339739A (zh) * | 2010-07-16 | 2012-02-01 | 三星移动显示器株式会社 | 激光照射装置 |
US9035215B2 (en) | 2010-07-16 | 2015-05-19 | Samsung Display Co., Ltd. | Laser irradiation apparatus |
CN102339739B (zh) * | 2010-07-16 | 2016-05-25 | 三星显示有限公司 | 激光照射装置 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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JP4564486B2 (ja) | 2010-10-20 |
WO2004077544A1 (en) | 2004-09-10 |
US7879700B2 (en) | 2011-02-01 |
CN100437940C (zh) | 2008-11-26 |
KR20040076332A (ko) | 2004-09-01 |
KR100956339B1 (ko) | 2010-05-06 |
TWI342047B (en) | 2011-05-11 |
US20060148165A1 (en) | 2006-07-06 |
TW200501272A (en) | 2005-01-01 |
JP2006519492A (ja) | 2006-08-24 |
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