CN1663147A - 无线局域网中继器 - Google Patents

无线局域网中继器 Download PDF

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CN1663147A
CN1663147A CN038143917A CN03814391A CN1663147A CN 1663147 A CN1663147 A CN 1663147A CN 038143917 A CN038143917 A CN 038143917A CN 03814391 A CN03814391 A CN 03814391A CN 1663147 A CN1663147 A CN 1663147A
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signal
frequency
receiver
way communication
wireless
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詹姆斯·A·普罗克特
肯尼斯·M·盖尼
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Qualcomm Inc
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Widefi Inc
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/14—Relay systems
    • H04B7/15—Active relay systems
    • H04B7/155—Ground-based stations
    • H04B7/15507—Relay station based processing for cell extension or control of coverage area
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/14—Relay systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/14—Relay systems
    • H04B7/15—Active relay systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/14—Relay systems
    • H04B7/15—Active relay systems
    • H04B7/155—Ground-based stations
    • H04B7/15528—Control of operation parameters of a relay station to exploit the physical medium
    • H04B7/15542—Selecting at relay station its transmit and receive resources
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/14—Relay systems
    • H04B7/15—Active relay systems
    • H04B7/155—Ground-based stations
    • H04B7/15528—Control of operation parameters of a relay station to exploit the physical medium
    • H04B7/1555—Selecting relay station antenna mode, e.g. selecting omnidirectional -, directional beams, selecting polarizations
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W88/00—Devices specially adapted for wireless communication networks, e.g. terminals, base stations or access point devices
    • H04W88/02—Terminal devices
    • H04W88/04—Terminal devices adapted for relaying to or from another terminal or user
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
    • H04W4/18—Information format or content conversion, e.g. adaptation by the network of the transmitted or received information for the purpose of wireless delivery to users or terminals
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W80/00—Wireless network protocols or protocol adaptations to wireless operation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W84/00—Network topologies
    • H04W84/02—Hierarchically pre-organised networks, e.g. paging networks, cellular networks, WLAN [Wireless Local Area Network] or WLL [Wireless Local Loop]
    • H04W84/10—Small scale networks; Flat hierarchical networks
    • H04W84/12—WLAN [Wireless Local Area Networks]

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Radio Relay Systems (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)
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  • Transceivers (AREA)

Abstract

一种用于在无线网络内，通过将时分双工协议用于数据传输，便利第一通信设备(100)与第二通信设备(105)之间的无线通信的中继器(200)。所述中继器(200)包括接收机(310、315)，其用于同时接收至少两个双向通信频率的每个上的信号。信号检测器(362)可操作地耦合到所述接收机(300、310、315)，用于确定所述信号是否存在于至少一个所述两个双向频率上。频率变换器(320、321、323、324、360、361)用于将存在于一个所述双向频率上的所述信号变换为其它所述双向频率上的变换后信号。发射机(300、325、330、335、345、350)用于传送所述其它所述双向频率上的所述变换后信号。

Description

无线局域网中继器
技术领域
本发明通常涉及无线通信，尤其涉及一种用于增加无线网络的覆盖区的中继器。
背景技术
若干用于通常称为WLAN的无线局域网的标准协议正日益普及。所述协议包括诸如802.11(如802.11无线标准内所述)、家庭RF和蓝牙的协议。迄今为止商业上最成功的标准无线协议是802.11b协议。
尽管利用上述标准无线协议的产品的技术规范通常指示大约11MBPS的数据率以及例如大约100米的范围，但所述性能水平很少得到实现。这种性能缺乏归因于RF信号的辐射路径的衰减，这在室内环境下范围通常为2.4GHz。基站到接收机范围通常小于在典型家庭内所需的覆盖范围，可能仅为10到15米。此外，在具有分层平面图的结构，例如牧场式样或两层房间，或是由使RF信号衰减的材料构成的结构内，其内需要无线覆盖区的区域可能在物理上由超过基于802.11协议系统的范围的距离隔离。最后，以上标准无线协议的数据率取决于信号强度。随着覆盖区内的距离增加，无线系统性能通常会降级。
一种增加无线系统的范围的方法是使用中继器。这是移动无线产业的普遍实践。一个显著的问题在于，所述系统接收机和发射机使用802.11或802.16WLAN无线协议以相同的WLAN频率操作。所述操作通常称为时分双工。所述操作与许多诸如基于IS-136、IS-95或IS-2000标准的系统的蜂窝中继器系统显著不同，在所述系统内，接收和发射带由双工频率偏移分开。频分双工使得中继器操作与其中接收机与发射机信道处于相同频率的情况相比更为容易。
然而，存在着借助时间而非频率来分离接收与发射信道的蜂窝移动系统。所述系统将预定时间用于特定的上行链路/下行链路传输。所述系统的中继器易于建立，因为传输和接收时间为基站所知并由基站广播。所述系统的接收机和发射机可能由若干方式隔离，包括物理分离、天线图或极化隔离。
所述WLAN协议的随机分组性质提供了未定义的接收和发射周期。来自每个无线网络节点的分组被自发生成并传送，且暂时不可预测。被称为争用和随机补偿协议的协议被用于避免两个单元同时传送其分组。对于802.11标准协议而言，这被称为分布式协调功能(DCF)。
WLAN中继器具有归因于以上自发传输性能的独特限制，因而需要独特解决方案。另一独特要求在于，既然所述中继器将相同频率用于接收和发射，某种形式的隔离必须存在于接收机与所述接收机的发射机之间。尽管现有CDMA系统使用定向天线，以及接收和发射天线的物理分离来实现所述隔离，但所述技术在许多操作环境内，例如在其中敷设长电缆并非理想或可能成本过高的家庭内并不适用于WLAN中继器。
发明内容
本发明的无线中继器通过使用独特的频率检测和转换方法，解决关于自发传输和收发信机隔离的上述问题。所述无线中继器使得两个WLAN单元能够通过将所述分组从一个设备所使用的第一频率信道通信转换到第二设备所使用的第二频率信道来通信。从所述第一频率信道到所述第二频率信道的变换相对于从所述第二频率信道到所述第一频率信道的变换的方向取决于实时配置。所述中继器监控用于传输的两个信道，并在检测到信道上的传输时，将所接收信号转换到传送其的另一信道。
因此，本发明的无线中继器能够实现发射机与接收机之间的高速通信，所述发射机与接收机可能在常规WLAN环境内相互隔离。此外，所述中继器较小且相对便宜，并通过监控和响应以对所述传输做出反应，从而避免自发传输。
附图说明
图1是无线网络的方框图，所述无线网络包括根据本发明优选实施例的WLAN中继器。
图2是图2所示中继器的详细方框图。
图3是使用双正交极化天线的图2所示中继器的备选前端的详细方框图。
图4是使用双向天线和开关的图2所示中继器的备选前端的详细方框图。
具体实施方式
参照图1，广域连接101连接至无线网关或接入点100，所述广域连接例如是以太网连接、T1线路、宽带无线连接或其它任何提供数据通信的电子连接。所述无线网关100基于蓝牙、Hyperlan或其它无线通信协议，将诸如IEEE 802.11分组或信号的RF信号发送到客户机设备104、105，例如个人计算机、个人数字助理或其它任何能够通过一个上述无线协议与其它类似设备通信的设备。到每个所述客户机设备的各个传播或RF路径被示为102、103。
尽管经由RF路径102传送的信号具有足够强度来维持所述客户机设备104与无线网关100之间的高速数据分组通信，但当通过诸如墙壁106的结构化障碍物，传送到其中如果并没有无线中继器200，则即使有也是很少的数据分组被在每个方向上接收的点时，经由RF路径103传送且预定供客户机设备105使用的信号可能会衰减，以下将描述所述无线中继器的结构和操作。
为了增加覆盖区和/或将数据率通信给所述客户机设备105，所述无线中继器200从无线网关100接收在第一频率信道201上传送的分组。例如具有大小2.5”×3.5”×.5”，且优选的是能够插入标准电插座，并以110V AC功率操作的无线中继器200在所述第一频率信道201上检测到分组的存在，接收所述分组，并以更高功率在第二频率信道202上再传送所述分组。与常规WLAN操作协议不同，所述客户机设备105在所述第二频率信道上操作，但所述无线网关100在所述第一频率信道上操作。为了执行返回分组操作，所述无线中继器200在第二频率信道202上检测到从客户机设备105传送的分组的存在，在所述第二频率信道202上接收分组，并在所述第一频率信道201上再传送所述分组。然后，所述无线网关100在所述第一频率信道201上接收所述分组。这样，所述无线中继器200能够同时接收和发射信号，并将所述无线网关100的覆盖区和性能延伸到所述客户机设备105。
应当理解的是，所述无线中继器200可能以类似的方式用于在对等网络内改善从一个客户机设备到另一客户机设备的通信。当存在许多相互隔离的单元时，所述无线中继器200充当允许两组不同单元通信的无线集线器，而标准RF传播和覆盖可能无法使所述单元通信。
图2更详细地示出了无线中继器200。所述无线中继器200的关键特征在于，其能够接收信号，并将所接收信号的频率从第一双向频率转换为第二双向频率，而所述信号仅很少失真。这是通过快速信号检测，以及所接收信号的延迟长到足以确定适当控制行为来执行的。
无线电波从诸如图1客户机设备104、105的各种无线设备传播，因而天线300可得到所述无线电波，如本领域技术人员众所周知，所述天线300电磁连接到电压传感器。在优选实施例中，这可能被单个全向天线调谐和匹配到感兴趣的频率。其它实施例可能包括定向二维天线、双重天线单元、极化天线单元和定向阵，但并不仅限于此。
图2所示天线300将所接收无线电波变换为电压信号，并将所述电压信号馈送给隔离器305。作为选择，所述隔离器可能并不包括在内，这取决于所使用的天线配置类型。以下将描述两种所述天线配置。所述隔离器305允许信号从天线300传送到低噪音放大器(LNA)310，以及从功率放大器325传送到天线300，但将所述LNA310与功率放大器325分块或隔离。所述隔离器305的其它实施方式可能包括循环器、定向耦合器、分路器和开关等，但并不仅限于此。例如，开关可能与将在图4内描述的双向天线配置一起使用。由天线300接收和变换的信号通过所述隔离器305，并被馈送给所述LNA310，所述LNA310放大所述信号并在此时设置噪声电平。所述LNA310所放大的信号被馈送给RF分路器315，所述RF分路器对所述信号执行RF功率分路或耦合功能，以将所述信号分路为两个不同路径。所述分路器315可能还是定向耦合器，或任何可将一个信号分为两个信号的设备。
此时，本领域技术人员应当理解的是，所述天线300、LNA310和RF分路器315是形成中继器200内的接收机的主要组件。此外，本领域技术人员应当理解的是，所述天线300、功率放大器325、放大器330、滤波器335、开关345和混频器350是形成中继器200内的发射机的主要组件。
混频器320、321是频率变换设备，其以指定为LO1、LO2的对应频率，将从所述分路器315传送的信号与从本地振荡器340、341输出的信号混频，以生成中频(IF)或通常为低频信号。所述本地振荡器340、341被调谐为不同频率LO1、LO2，从而使得从所述分路器315馈送的两个不同频率的两个不同信号被变换为公共IP频率。例如，如果两个不同频率F1＝2.412GHz，F2＝2.462的信号被分别从所述分路器315输出到所述混频器320、321，并假定所述混频器320正在执行低边混频功能，而混频器321正在执行高侧混频功能，则在所述本地振荡器340被调谐为LO1＝2.342GHz，而本地振荡器341被调谐为LO2＝2.532GHz，并分别将输入提供给所述混频器320、321的情况下，从混频器320、321输出的每个信号都将其频率变换为70MHz的IF。
与上述分路器315相同操作的分路器323、324将从对应混频器320、321输出的IF信号分为两个不同路径。一条从每个所述分路器323、324的路径分别通往滤波器360、361，而另一条从每个所述分路器323、324的路径通常滤波器365、366。
优选的是带有延迟的带通滤波器的所述滤波器360、361将除了所需频率部分之外的所有输出从混频操作中删除。优选的是，所述滤波器360、361具有充分的时间延迟，从而使得在从所述滤波器360、361的输出端得到所述信号之前，所述检测和控制单元362可检测到两个RF频率中的哪个存在，并执行下述控制功能，因为检测器370、371与延迟滤波器360、361并联。延迟电子信号的方法为本领域技术人员众所周知，包括表面声波(SAW)设备等，但并不仅限于此。然而，如果截取所述RF信号的第一部分的一部分是可接受的，则所述滤波器360、361将不会需要指定延迟。
本领域技术人员还应当理解的是，所述混频器320、321，分路器323、324和滤波器360、361是形成所述中继器200内的频率变换器的主要组件。
检测和控制单元362内的滤波器365、366还执行与滤波器360、361相同类型的带通滤波。主要差异在于，所述滤波器365、366优选的是不带有指定长时间延迟的快速滤波器。此外，所述滤波器365、366优选的是无需与滤波器360、361相同水平的滤波性能，但本领域技术人员应当理解，在执行滤波目标的限制下改变滤波器性能是一种设计选择。本领域技术人员还应当理解，带通滤波器之外的滤波器或设备可能用于执行上述带通功能。
功率检测器370、371是简单的功率检测设备，其在每个所述对应频率F1、F2上检测是否存在信号，如果所述信号存在，则提供比例电压输出。可能会使用执行此功能的许多模拟检测器类型。例如，所述检测器包括二极管检测器，但并不仅限于此。可能会在RF、IF或基带上执行所述二极管检测。可能会使用比简单功率检测器提供更高性能的检测器。可能使用SAW设备将所述检测器实施为RF或IF的匹配滤波，并在模数转换之后实施为基带的匹配滤波或关联。所述功率检测器370、371用于通过将两个IF信道上的信号与门限相比较，确定一个所述两个IF信道上无线传输的存在。可能基于随时监控所述信道来建立噪声电平，从而预定或计算所述门限。
此外，所述功率检测器370、371可能用于确定所检测传输的开始和停止时间。如下所述，一个所述功率检测器370、371响应于信号检测而输出的比例电压将由所述微处理器385用于控制重新传输所述信号。本领域技术人员应当理解的是，所述功率检测可较早或较迟置于信号处理路径内，因为可检测信号，从而可接通或切断所述重新传输过程。此外，本领域技术人员应当理解，可使用确定或限制传输时间的技术，包括使用计时器将时限置于重新传输上，但并不仅限于此。
所述滤波器375、376是低通滤波器，优选的是与滤波器365、366相比具有更窄的带宽。所述滤波器375、376用于删除在所述功率检测器370、371的信号检测之后剩余的高频部分，并通过借助减少检测信号带宽提供处理增益，从而提供信噪比的增加。从低通滤波器375、376输出的信号被输入常规模数转换器380、381。
在所述模数转换器380、381以本领域技术人员众所周知的方式，将表示所述RF信号的检测功率的模拟信号转换为数字信号之后，结果数字信号被发送到所述微处理器385。也可描述为逻辑状态机器、数字信号处理器或其它数字处理和控制设备的微处理器385可被编程为，实施所有必需的控制算法，从而以高概率的确定性检测F1或F2的存在，并启动适当的控制功能。
作为选择，应当注意的是，带有可调门限控制的比较检测器(未显示)可替代模数转换器380、381和微处理器385使用。此外，所述微处理器385的控制输出可任选地直接连接到数字门，以控制所述交换，其中到所述门的输入被直接从比较检测器输出端取出。此外，到所述数字逻辑的输入可能来自所述微处理器385，以允许对于从所述比较检测器的输出端提供的设置的优先控制。在这种情况下，所述微处理器(385)可能继续控制显示功能；然而，可使用模拟信号，功率检测器370、371可直接控制可变增益放大器330的控制。
到用户的反馈可由微处理器385经由指示器390控制，所述指示器390例如是一系列发光二极管，但并不仅限于此。给所述用户的反馈可能是无线中继器200处于可接受位置的指示，从而可检测来自无线接入点100和客户机设备105的一个或两个频率，或可将功率供给无线中继器200。
一旦检测到所述频率F1、F2中的任何一个，所述微处理器385即控制开关345、355。所述开关355被转换为允许将处于IF频率的所检测信号在F1或F2上路由到频率变换器350的输入端，所述频率变换器350是类似于混频器320、321的另一频率转换设备。此外，所述微处理器385将所述开关345设置为允许将来自所述本地振荡器340、341的适当一个的信号路由到所述混频器350，从而使得所述频率变换器350的输入端的IF频率被在其输出端转换为适当频率。
以下将使用先前实例的频率来描述操作所述无线中继器200的实例：F1＝2.412GHz；F2＝2.462GhzIF＝70MHz；LO1＝2.342GHz；而LO2＝2.532GHz。假定检测到F1，并从滤波器361输出所述F1。所述开关355被设置为从所述滤波器361接收其输入，所述输入是被转换为70MHz的F1。由于需要以F2＝2.462GHz重新传送F1，因此所述开关345连接到来自所述本地振荡器341的信号。所述频率转换器350的输出包括两个部分(L21-IF)和(LO2+IF)。所需部分是LO2-IF，或2.532GHz-70MHz＝2.462GHz。由于所述频率转换器350生成开关345输出和开关355输出之和与差，因此滤波器355必需删除不理想项。在以上实例中，所述不理想项可能是LO2+IF或2.602GHZ。
所述滤波器335执行所需滤波操作。如果检测到F2，则这同样成立。和与差结果将发生，而所述滤波器335必须滤出不理想的部分。所接收信号的转换和滤波后版本被应用于放大器330，所述放大器330优选的是可变增益放大器。所述放大器330在微处理器385的控制下使用可变增益量，以确保被馈送给所述放大器325的信号处于目标发射功率范围内。所述放大器325优选的是所述发射信号的最终功率放大极。所述放大器325将其输出馈送给所述隔离器305，所述隔离器305然后将所述信号发送到天线300。然后，所述信号被天线300以本领域技术人员众所周知的方式转换为电磁场或无线电波。所述无线电波是所述天线300所接收信号的频率转换和功率放大后版本。
以上描述和实例假定频率F1和F2。通过将所述本地振荡器340、341的频率LO1、LO2移至不同定义的信道，并检查所述信道上的功率检测，可以任何频率F1和F2操作。一旦确定所述信道，所述微处理器385将使用所述频率，且如上执行所有操作。所述本地振荡器340、341的频率控制可由微处理器385或通过用户调谐实现。在用户调谐以控制所选择频率的情况下，所述中继器可能具有一组技术人员在安装时可能会设置以规定操作频率的开关(旋转或其它)。
本领域技术人员应当理解，可改变输入信号被从RF下频率变换为数字信号的点，从而可在RF域或数字域内执行更多或更少功能。此外，诸如无线网关(基本单元)100或客户机设备104、105的多个设备可用于本发明。所述中继器200将从任何一个所述设备检测并重新传送信号。所述设备100、104或105在系统的协议(例如802.11)内相互通信，所述协议提供了所重新传送信号的所需接收者得到识别。因此，所述中继器100可能服务于许多主机设备。
参照图3，其中与图2组件相同的组件由图2内所使用的相同参考号识别，图3示出了使用双正交、或交叉、极化天线的备选实施例。在这种情况下，两个天线300b、300c替代图2的单个天线300和隔离器305。在此实施例中，一个所述交叉极化天线300b连接至功率放大器355。相对极化的另一天线300c连接至LNA310。所述交叉极化天线300b、300c可能相隔或相离所述中继器200的组装所允许的一段距离。所述正交或交叉极化允许将来自PA325的所传送信号与进入LNA310的所接收信号隔离，并能够与图2隔离器305执行类似的功能。
参照图4，其中与图2组件相同的组件由图2内所使用的相同参考号识别，图4示出了使用双向天线的备选实施例。所述实施例以两个高增益定向天线300d、300e，以及开关500、501、502替代图2的天线300和隔离器305。所述实施例与先前描述实施例的不同之处在于，其允许所述中继器200在点到点时间的中间使用，并受益于使用高增益定向天线300d、300e。对于此实施例而言，需要所述中继器200能够从每个所述两个定向天线300d、300e接收或传送，这归因于每个所述天线的空间可选性。
在这种配置中，所述开关500、501名义上被设置为借助控制线路503、505接收更多，从而使得LNA310b、310c分别连接至定向天线300d、300e。所述LNA310b、310c分别连接至混频器320、321。所述检测和IF延迟过程的操作与结合图2所述的相同。一旦检测到来自天线(例如300d)的信号，所述控制线路503、505即被在传输期间内设置为从其上并不存在所述信号的定向天线300e断开连接，并将所述天线300e连接到功率放大器325。所述控制线路503、504、505用于分别设置开关500、501、502，并耦合到微处理器385，或如上所述的其它数字控制逻辑。
以上特别参照优选实施例详细描述了本发明。然而，应当理解的是，可在本发明范围和精神内实现改变和修改。

Claims (33)

1、一种用于在第一通信设备与第二通信设备之间的网络中执行无线通信的装置，所述网络包括至少两个双向通信频率，每个所述双向通信频率都使用数据传输的时分双工格式，所述装置包括：
接收机，用于在所述至少两个双向通信频率上同时接收信号；
信号检测器，可操作地耦合到所述接收机，用于确定在所述至少两个双向频率的至少一个上是否出现信号；
频率变换器，用于将出现在其中一个所述双向频率上的信号变换为其它所述双向频率上的变换后信号；以及
发射机，用于传送所述其它双向频率上的所述变换后信号。
2、根据权利要求1的装置，其中所述信号检测器以中频进行操作。
3、根据权利要求1的装置，其中所述信号检测器以射频检测所述信号。
4、根据权利要求1的装置，其中所述接收机经由第一天线同时接收所述至少两个双向频率上的信号，以及
所述发射机经由第二天线传送所述其它双向频率上的所述变换后信号。
5、根据权利要求4的装置，其中所述第一与第二天线具有相互基本正交的相应极化。
6、根据权利要求1的装置，其中所述接收机和所述发射机共享单个天线，所述单个天线通过隔离器连接到所述接收机与所述发射机。
7、根据权利要求1的装置，其中所述接收机包括第一与第二单个频率信道接收机，其中所述第一单个频率信道接收机与第一频率信道的发射机共享第一定向隔离的天线，所述第二单个频率信道接收机与第二频率信道的发射机共享第二定向隔离的天线。
8、根据权利要求1的装置，其中
所述接收机包括连接到所述接收机的输入端的信号分路器，
所述频率变换器包括第一与第二频率变换器，
所述分路器的每个输出端都耦合到所述第一与第二频率变换器，从而使得每个所述至少两个双向频率上的任何信号将分别出现在中频上的所述第一与第二频率变换器的输出端，并且
每个第一与第二中频都耦合到对应的第一与第二附加分路器，每个所述附加分路器都包括连接到延迟电路的第一输出端，以及连接到检测器电路的第二输出端，所述延迟电路使得其中一个变换后信号的重新传输能够使用所述延迟电路而发生。
9、根据权利要求8的装置，其中所述延迟电路通过在借助所述接收机同时接收所述至少两个双向通信频率上的信号期间，补偿检测延迟，从而将对于将被传送的接收信号的截断降低到可接受水平。
10、根据权利要求8的装置，其中每个所述第一与第二频率变换器都包括混频器和本地振荡器，所述混频器包括第一输入端和第二输入端，所述第一输入端耦合到所述分路器的输出端，所述第二输入端耦合到所述本地振荡器的输出端。
11、根据权利要求10的装置，还包括中频分路器和检测器，每个所述中频分路器都包括连接到其中一个所述混频器的输出端的输入端，每个所述检测器分别连接到其中一个所述中频分路器的第一输出端，所述检测器基于所述中频分路器的各个第一输出端上信号的功率比较，检测所述接收机中的信号。
12、根据权利要求10的装置，其中所述接收机还包括检测器，所述检测器用于检测在所述接收机中接收的信号，所述检测器指示所述接收机在其中一个所述双向频率上接收的信号的开始或结束。
13、根据权利要求12的装置，其中所述检测器用于将在所述接收机中接收的信号与门限值比较，以检测所述信号。
14、根据权利要求11的装置，其中所述检测器用于检测所述信号出现在其中一个所述双向频率上，并且每个所述检测器的输出端在检测到至少一个所述双向频率上的信号时，控制选择其中一个所述中频，用以借助所述发射机传输所述变换后信号。
15、根据权利要求11的装置，还包括：
延迟电路，每个所述延迟电路都连接到所述中频分路器的第二输出端，并连接到单个开关，所述开关能够将其中一个所述延迟电路耦合到频率变换器，以在传输之前，将耦合的中频信号的频率改变为所述其它双向频率。
16、一种至少包括第一与第二双向通信频率的无线局域网，包括：
第一通信设备，其能够在所述第一与所述第二双向通信频率上传送和接收数据，其中所述第一通信设备使用时分双工格式，在每个所述至少第一或第二双向通信频率上传送和接收数据，
第二通信设备，其能够在所述第一与所述第二双向通信频率上传送和接收数据，其中所述第一通信设备使用时分双工格式，在每个所述至少第一或第二双向通信频率上传送和接收数据，
中继器，其用于改善所述第一与所述第二通信设备之间的通信链路，所述中继器包括接收机、信号检测器、频率变换器和发射机，所述接收机能够同时在每个所述第一与所述第二双向通信频率上接收信号，所述信号检测器可操作地耦合到所述接收机，确定所述信号是否存在于一个所述至少两个双向频率上；所述频率变换器可操作地耦合到所述信号检测器，用于将存在与一个所述双向频率上的所述信号变换为其它所述双向频率上的变换后信号，所述发射机用于传送所述其它所述双向频率上的所述变换后信号。
17、根据权利要求16的无线局域网，其中至少一个所述第一或所述第二通信设备连接到有线网络，并充当无线网关。
18、一种网络的中继器，所述网络至少包括第一与第二双向通信频率，所述中继器包括：
接收机，用于同时在每个所述至少第一与第二双向通信频率上同时接收信号，
发射机，用于在所述至少第一与第二双向通信频率上传送所接收信号；以及
天线，可操作地连接到所述接收机与所述发射机，其中所述发射机与所述接收机以不同频率操作，并使用时分双工协议。
19、根据权利要求18的中继器，还包括循环器，其用于在所述第一双向通信频率上，在所述接收机上接收信号信息分组，并在所述第二双向通信频率上，使用所述发射机传送所述信号信息分组。
20、根据权利要求19的中继器，其中所述接收机包括可操作地耦合到所述循环器的信号检测器，以及可操作地耦合到所述接收机的频率变换器，所述信号检测器确定所述信号是否存在于一个所述至少第一与第二双向通信频率上，所述频率变换器用于将存在于一个所述至少第一与第二双向通信频率上的所述信号变换为所述其它所述至少第一与第二双向通信频率。
21、根据权利要求19的中继器，其中所述检测器包括功率指示器，所述功率指示器检测在所述接收机处在一个所述至少第一与第二双向通信频率上接收的所述信号。
22、一种至少以第一与第二双向通信频率操作的网络，包括：
基本单元，用于在每个所述至少第一或第二双向通信频率上使用时分双工协议，在所述第一与第二双向通信频率上传送和接收数据，
客户机单元，能够在每个所述至少第一或第二双向通信频率上使用所述时分双工协议，在所述第一与所述第二双向通信频率上传送和接收数据，
中继器，能够在与所述客户机单元所使用的双向通信频率不同的一个所述至少第一或第二双向通信频率上使用所述时分双工协议，在所述基本单元与所述客户机单元之间通信。
23、根据权利要求22的网络，其中所述中继器包括：
接收机，用于同时接收所述至少第一与第二双向通信频率上的信号；
信号检测器，可操作地耦合到所述接收机，用于确定信号是否存在于至少一个所述至少第一与第二双向通信频率上；
频率变换器，用于将存在于所述第一双向频率上的信号变换为所述第二双向通信频率上的变换后信号；以及
发射机，传送所述第二双向通信频率上的所述变换后信号。
24、根据权利要求23的网络，其中在一个所述至少第一与第二双向通信频率上传输所检测信号的持续期间，至少部分基于在检测到所检测信号时启动的持续时间计数器。
25、根据权利要求23的网络，其中所述接收机连接到第一天线，所述发射机连接到第二天线，其中所述第一与第二天线具有基本上正交的极化。
26、根据权利要求23的网络，其中每个所述至少第一与第二双向通信频率的所述接收机分别连接到至少两个开关，以及附加开关，每个所述开关分别耦合到至少两个定向天线，而所述附加开关耦合到至少一个发射机。
27、一种无线覆盖扩展设备，其能够从第一无线台站设备接收无线信号/传送无线信号到第一无线台站设备，从第二无线台站设备接收无线信号/传送无线信号到第二无线台站设备，允许所述第一与第二无线台站设备通信，所述无线覆盖扩展设备包括指示器，所述指示器用于当从至少一个所述台站设备接收的信号电平足以在至少一个所述第一与第二无线台站设备与所述无线覆盖扩展设备之间通信时，提供指示。
28、一种无线覆盖扩展设备，其能够在第一双向通信链路上，从第一无线台站设备接收无线信号/传送无线信号到第一无线台站设备，并在第二双向通信链路上，从第二无线台站设备接收无线信号/传送无线信号到第二无线台站设备，允许所述第一与第二无线台站设备通信，所述第一双向通信链路使用特定极化的第一天线，在第一频率信道上操作，而所述第二双向通信链路使用具有与所述第一天线正交的极化的第二天线，在第二频率信道上操作。
29、根据权利要求28的无线覆盖扩展设备，其中所述第一与第二双向通信链路使用802.11协议或其派生。
30、根据权利要求29的无线覆盖扩展设备，还包括解调器，其用于在重新传输所述所检测信号期间内数字解调所述所检测信号。
31.在无线通信设备内，一种借助放大和/或频率变换重新传送所检测信号的方法，其包括：
对所述信号执行分路功能；
将所述分路功能与显示功能耦合；
将所述分路功能与检测功能附加耦合；
与所述检测功能并行执行所述延迟功能；以及
在执行所述延迟功能之后，使用发射机功能传送所述信号，所述发射机功能被与所述延迟功能耦合，并被基于所述检测功能对所述信号的检测而激活。
32、根据权利要求31的方法，其中所述延迟功能足以减少在传输期间内归因于检测延迟的所述信号的截断。
33、一种无线覆盖扩展设备，其能够在第一双向通信链路上，从第一无线台站设备接收无线信号/传送无线信号到第一无线台站设备，并在第二双向通信链路上，从第二无线台站设备接收无线信号/传送无线信号到第二无线台站设备，允许所述第一与第二无线台站设备通信，所述第一双向通信链路使用第一定向天线，在第一频率信道上操作，而所述第二双向通信链路使用第二定向天线，在第二频率信道上操作。
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